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  • Linux as a router for public networks

    - by nixnotwin
    My ISP had given me a /30 network. Later, when I wanted more public ips, I requested for a /29 network. I was told to keep using my earlier /30 network on the interface which is facing ISP, and the newly given /29 network should be used on the other interface which connects to my NAT router and servers. This is what I got from the isp: WAN IP: 179.xxx.4.128/30 CUSTOMER IP : 179.xxx.4.130 ISP GATEWAY IP:179.xxx.4.129 SUBNET : 255.255.255.252 LAN IPS: 179.xxx.139.224/29 GATEWAY IP :179.xxx.139.225 SUBNET : 255.255.255.248 I have a Ubuntu pc which has two interfaces. So I am planning to do the following: eth0 will be given 179.xxx.4.130/30 gateway 179.xxx.4.129 eth1 will be given 179.xxx.139.225/29 And I will have the following in the /etc/sysctl.conf: net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 These will be iptables rules: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT My clients which have the ips 179.xxx.139.226/29 and 179.xxx.139.227/29 will be made to use 179.xxx.139.225/29 as gateway. Will this configuration work for me? Any comments? If it works, what iptables rules can I use to have a bit of security? P.S. Both networks are non-private and there is no NATing.

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  • TCP dies on a Linux laptop

    - by Roman Cheplyaka
    Once in several days I have the following problem. My laptop (Debian GNU/Linux testing) suddenly becomes unable to work with TCP connections to the internet. The following things continue to work fine: UDP (DNS), ICMP (ping) — I get instant response TCP connections to other machines in the local network (e.g. I can ssh to a neighbour laptop) everything is ok for other machines in my LAN But when I try TCP connections from my laptop, they time out (no response to SYN packets). Here's a typical curl output: % curl -v google.com * About to connect() to google.com port 80 (#0) * Trying 173.194.39.105... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.110... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.97... * Connection timed out * Trying 173.194.39.102... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.98... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.96... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.103... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.99... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.101... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.104... * Timeout * Trying 173.194.39.100... * Timeout * Trying 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009... * Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable * Success * couldn't connect to host * Closing connection #0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to 2a00:1450:400d:803::1009: Network is unreachable Restarting the connection and/or reloading the network card kernel module doesn't help. The only thing that helps is reboot. Clearly something is wrong with my system (everything else works fine), but I have no idea what exactly. I don't know how to reproduce this, but as I said, it happens every several days. My setup is a wireless router that is connected to the ISP via PPPoE. Any advice?

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  • Seeing traffic destined for other people's servers in wireshark

    - by user350325
    I rent a dedicated server from a hosting provider. I ran wireshark on my server so that I could see incoming HTTP traffic that was destined to my server. Once I ran wireshark and filtered for HTTP I noticed a load of traffic, but most of it was not for stuff that was hosted on my server and had a destination IP address that was not mine, there were various source IP addresses. My immediate reaction was to think that somebody was tunnelling their HTTP traffic through my server somehow. However when I looked closer I noticed that all of this traffic was going to hosts on the same subnet and all of these IP addresses belonged to the same hosting provider that I was using. So it appears that wireshark was intercepting traffic destined for other customers who's servers are attached to the same part of the network as mine. Now I always assumed that on a switch based network that this should not happen as the switch will only send data to the required host and not to every box attached. I assume in this case that other customers would also be able to see data going to my server. As well as potential privacy concerns, this would surely make ARP poising easy and allow others to steal IP addresses (and therefor domains and websites)? It would seem odd that a network provider would configure the network in such a way. Is there a more rational explanation here?

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  • Puppet: is it ok to "force" certname when you expect to shuffle nodes around?

    - by Luke404
    We all know (good example on SF) that Puppet hostname detection could be... fun. At our company (and I guess we're not alone at this) we usually pre-configure servers at our offices and test them before bringing the gear to a remote datacenter and rack them. Of course the reverse dns will change when doing that, even if we don't change the actual hostname of the system. We're slowly drafting our puppet setup and I'd like to be sure those moves won't create problems. My idea is to explicitly configure the desired full FQDN of the system as certname in puppet.conf at server provision time (before the very first puppet run). My process would look something like this: basic o.s. installation basic network configuration, enough to reach the internet and resolve dns install puppet and set up certname start puppet and let him manage the whole configuration test, fix problems in config (via puppet), re-test, and so on... manually stop puppet set up new network configuration for the datacenter network move the machine to DC turn it on puppet should automatically start and keep on doing its job The process is supported by detecting the environment in puppet's manifests (eg. based on subnet, like they do at Wikimedia) and modify configuration as needed (eg. resolv.conf contents appropriate for each network). Each node's certname will never change for the whole system life cycle. Is there any problem with this approach? Could it be improved?

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  • What is the risk of introducing non standard image machines to a corporate environment

    - by Troy Hunt
    I’m after some feedback from those in the managed desktop or network security space on the risks of introducing machines that are not built on a standard desktop image into a large corporate environment. This particular context relates to the standard corporate image (32 bit Win XP) in a large multi-national not being suitable for a particular segment of users. In short, I’m looking at what hurdles we might come across by proposing the introduction of machines which are built and maintained by a handful of software developers and not based on the corporate desktop image (proposing 64 bit Win 7). I suspect the barriers are primarily around virus definition updates, the rollout of service packs and patches and the compatibility of existing applications with the newer OS. In terms of viruses and software updates, if machines were using common virus protection software with automated updates and using Windows Update for service packs and patches, is there still a viable risk to the corporate environment? For that matter, are large corporate environments normally vulnerable to the introduction of a machine not based on a standard image? I’m trying to get my head around how real the risk of infection and other adverse events are from machines being plugged into the network. There are multiple scenarios outside of just the example above where this might happen (i.e. a vendor plugging in a machine for internet access during a presentation). Would a large corporate network normally be sufficiently hardened against such innocuous activity? I appreciate the theory as to why policies such as standard desktop images exist, I’m just interested in the actual, practical risk and how much a network should be protected by means other than what is managed on individual PCs.

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  • Viability of Mac OS X 10.9 Time Machine Server in office environment

    - by user197609
    Currently we have about 20 Mac OS 10.9 MacBook Pros (almost all with SSDs) backing up to individual USB drives. I'd like to consolidate these to one drobo thunderbolt drive array attached to a Mac Mini server (running 10.9 server) using time machine server. My question is, will this scale to 20 users? Examples I have seen seem to be 5 or 6 users tops, and this isn't easy for me to test (I'd rather not ask everyone to backup to the array and then switch back to USB drives if it brings our network to its knees). My primary concern is saturating our gigabit network, as time machine backs up every hour for every machine, so there would usually be a couple people backing up at any given time. We also have some people occasionally on our 802.11ac network and not on ethernet (usually connected via 802.11n until people upgrade to newer machines), but most of the time people are connected to our thunderbolt displays which have a gigabit ethernet connection on them. Our network topology is one 32 port gigabit switch with 5 smaller gigabit switches at each desk cluster. The mac mini server is connected directly to the top level switch. Update: Failing information from someone who has done this in practice, I suppose my question is really around how switches work. If three or four people are backing up simultaneously, and then other two (different) users transfer a file between each other, will they be able to transfer the file at gigabit speeds?

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  • Router(s) Issue: DNS quries sporadically fail with multiple computers hooked in

    - by bob-the-destroyer
    Basically, after anywhere from 5-60 minutes, DNS queries fail for a few minutes, then slowly begin to resolve correctly. Then the cycle repeats. This occurs only when more than one computer is on the network. All computers on the network experiences the same sporadic DNS outage at the same time. Wireless or wired, Linux or Windows, fresh OS install or old, browser or ping, same symptoms. Duplicated on 3 routers (not chained together, mind you) and 3 ISP's and 3 separate locations over the past several months. The only common theme is a single 5-yo WIN XP laptop which has been in use on the network throughout all this. There also may be anywhere between 1 - 10 devices hooked up wired or wirelessly at a time. The only reprieve I have from this torture is by using any VPN to an outside source - always smooth sailing. I typically set up any router to a) use WPA2/etc security; b) MAC whitelist; c) UPNP OFF (if available); d) always update firmware when available; e) obtain DNS from ISP automatically; f) set the router to act as DHCP server for the internal network. Adjusting channels has no effect. Any ideas?

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  • What are possible results/side effects if replication between DC's in a Windows domain is unable to occur?

    - by hydroparadise
    There's plenty of administration literature out there how to properly manage Windows servers. But in dealing with real life, things don't always occur like you want them to. In Microsoft's Windows Server 2003 Administrator's Companion, out of 1400+ pages, theres only one page that I could find when it comes up setting up additional domain controlers. They make it sound seemless and don't reveal a whole lot on what happens if "peer" DC's are unable to replicate. Down to the specific issue at hand, we had a DC go down about a month ago due to a bad RAID controller. There was nothing critical that waranted imediate attention, so bringing it back up got put on the back burner. A month later, we get the DC back up and running and everyting seemed ok. The next day, nobody is able to logon complaining that the "user does not exist" or "unable to establish a trust relationship". Knowing that I had just put the downed DC back on the network, I immediately took it back off the network and had everybody restart the workstations. After that, exchange was fine, shares became available, and everybody was able to log in. After doing some event log swimming, it would appear that everything started due to replication issues on the SYSVOL. I've read where you can force replication, but that would mean putting it back on the network. I am afraid to put the DC back on the network in fear that something else could go wrong. So, what other issues could one expect to run into where two DC's are unreplicated for over a month?

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  • Ethernet cable unplugged after updating from windows 8.0 to 8.1

    - by Pehmolelu
    Yeah, so I went and updated my windows 8 pro to 8.1. Now everything else seems to work but the network. The Ethernet just says that Network cable is unplugged, even though it is plugged and I have tried different cord as well and I have tested that the router works. I have tried uninstalling the network drivers (Realtec PCIe GBE) and reinstall them with no success. After installing drivers the Device Management gives error for it "Device could not be started. Code 10" Before 8.1 update I had rt630x64.inf, after update it was netrt630x64.inf, and after installing the latest driver rt630x64.inf. With rt630x64.inf there isn't any error, but it's still not just working. New downloaded version: 8.020.0815.2013 (From Realtek website) The driver before: 8.1.510.2013 (After updating the windows to 8.1) I'm using Desktop PC, no VM. I dont have VirtualBox or Vmware installed. I have checked from BIOS that the card is enabled. I have booted in safe mode with network enabled. Says unplugged there as well. I have put the power off for few minutes and put back on, no effect. If anyone has any kind of suggestions, please tell.

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  • Does cloud computing offer this? [closed]

    - by TheBlackBenzKid
    I have some newb questions I want answering please about cloud hosting - we are currently looking at Rackspace and getting a windows box. This is the situation: We have 15 computers in our office. We have 3 printers, some wifi and some network plugged. We have a standard router and the office share things via dropbox. The computers are not on Windows SBS or something similar. We want a cloud hosting solution that will offer User can login on any machine in the office and see the machine software User can login on any machine in the office and open Outlook and their emails and signature will be on exchange automatically A shared company folder on the network All printers automatically installed on the network Users can login remotely to access emails via the web At the moment we have a network company saying we need Xeon server in house with backup and psu and Windows SBS with license for each machine and also we need cabinets and cabling setup and also load balancers and modification of our DNS for emails. My question is this. Can cloud offer this? Can we have a server in the cloud that does this? Is it possible I mean the computers would be wireless connected to this cloud and you turn the machine on and its hosted?

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  • I have to manually change the DNS suffix order every time I connect to VPN. Can I change this permanently or fix the problem somehow?

    - by CarlB
    Sorry in advance but I'm a programmer, not a network engineer, so I'm a noob at this stuff. Anyway, when I am not connected to VPN from my work PC at home, I have the following DNS suffixes listed (real domain names substituted): enterprise.org network.org company.com us.enterprise.org After connecting to VPN, one more DNS suffix is added to the very top of the list: problem-domain.com At this point, most network functions that I can normally perform when actually connected to the LAN in the office are unusable. I get error messages about the network paths not being found and what-not. Anyway, I played around with the suffixes and realized that if I just moved problem-domain.com down one spot to the second in the list, all the problems went away. Unfortunately, it returns to the top spot every time I reconnect, and I tend to get disconnected frequently. Is there something else I can do about this or should I just contact the IT department? I've had this problem before and they weren't able to resolve it but I suppose it would be worth trying again if I could get a different person on the job. What I don't understand is that I thought it didn't matter what order the suffixes were in? Isn't Windows supposed to go through each suffix until it finds a match (or has gone through all the suffixes)? Why is it quitting after the first one? Thanks in advance.

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  • Cannot access Domain Controller through VPN

    - by Markus
    In our small network there is a Windows 2008 R2 Domain Controller that also serves as Remote Access Server. For years, we could access this server and the resources in the network over a VPN connection without any problem. Since some time however, I am able to connect to the VPN, but my Windows 8 client (and another one I used for testing purposes) is not able to connect the domain controller afterwards. I can access any other server in the network, but there seems to be a problem regarding the trust between the client(s) and the server. If I connect the client to the network directly over a LAN cable, everything works as expected. Also I can connect to another server over VPN and open a RDP prompt to the DC without a problem. On the client, whenever I try to access the DC, I get an access denied message. I've tried to update the group policies both over VPN and LAN. Also, I've removed the client from the domain and re-added it. The client shows a message that Windows requires valid login information when connected to the VPN - but my credentials are valid. They work when I logon to the client when not connected to the VPN and also when connected to the LAN. Turning off the firewall on the client and the server did not change anything. DNS resolution works both on the server and the client. What else can I do to diagnose and solve the problem?

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  • Safely transfer files from pc with internet connection to lan without allowing any other form of communication

    - by Hugh Quenneville
    In the company that I work there are computers that are connected to the Internet and computers that are connected to a Local Area Network. The LAN is considered a "safe zone" and the files that reside there should never be copied/moved to a computer that has Internet Access. So, now, if we want to download an installer for an application for example, we download it in a pc that has Internet Access and then move it using a "secure USB stick" to the Local Area Network. Is there a way to create an "safe, one-way connection" between a computer with Internet access and a computer from the LAN? This practically means that only files from the computer with the Internet access can be copied/moved to the LAN. In addition to that, if you want to transfer files you would have to provide your security credentials for the network (so, that only users with the appropriate access levels will be able to transfer files). Is it possible to create something like that and make it completely safe (or at least "equally safe" with the USB method that we currently use) or the fact that the computer with Internet access is connected with a wire to the LAN is a security risk by itself? NOTE: the LAN setup involves 2 Windows 2003 servers with Active Directory, Web servers and pretty much all the services that you would expect to find in a Windows network.

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  • Setup Remote Access in Windows Home Server

    - by Mysticgeek
    One of the many awesome features of Windows Home Server, is the ability to access your server and other computers on your network remotely. Today we show you the steps to enable Remote Access to your home server from anywhere you have an Internet connection. Remote Access in Windows Home Server has a lot of great features like uploading and downloading files from shared folders, accessing files from machines on your network, and controling machines remotely (on supported OS versions). Here we take a look at the basics of setting it up, choosing a domain name, and verifying you can connect remotely. Setup Remote Access in Windows Home Server Open the Windows Home Server Console and click on Settings. Next select Remote Access, it is off by default, just click the button to turn it on. Wait while your router is configured for remote access, when it’s complete click Next. Notice that it will enable UPnP, if you don’t wish to have that enabled, you can manually forward the correct ports. If you have any problems with the router being automatically configured, we’ll be taking a look at a more detailed troubleshooting guide in the future. The router is successfully configured, and we can continue to the next process of configuring our domain name. The Domain Name Setup Wizard will start. Notice you will need a Windows Live ID to set it up –which is typically your hotmail address. If you don’t already have one, you can get one here. Type in your Live ID email address and password and click Next… Agree to the Home Server Privacy Statement and the Live Custom Domains Addendum. If you’re concerned about privacy and want to learn more about the domain addendum, make sure to read about it before agreeing. There is nothing abnormal to point out about either statement, but if this is your first time setting it up, it’s good to review the information.   Now choose a name for the domain. You should select something that is easy to remember and identifies your home server. The name can contain up to 63 characters, numbers, letters, and hyphens…and must begin and end with a letter or number. When you have the name figured out click the Confirm button. Note: You can only register one domain name per Live ID. If the name isn’t already taken, you’ll get a confirmation message indicating it’s god to go. The wizard is complete and you can now access the home server from the URL provided. A few other things to point out after you’ve set it up…under Domain Name click on the Details button… Which pulls up the domain detail information and you can refresh the data to verify everything is working correctly. Or you can click the Configure button and then change or release your current domain name. Under Web site settings, you can change you site page headline to whatever you want it to be. Accessing Home Server Remotely After you’ve gotten everything setup for your home server domain, you can begin to access it when you’re away from home. Simply type in the domain address you created in the previous steps. The start page is rather boring…and to start accessing your data, click the Log On button in the upper right hand corner. Then enter in your home server credentials to gain access to your files, folders, and network computers. You won’t be able to log in with your administrator user account however, to protect security of your network. Once you’re logged in, you’ll be able to access different parts of your home server shares and network computers. Conclusion Now that you have Remote Access setup, you should be able to access and manage your files easily. Being able to access data from your home server remotely is great when you need to get certain files while on the road. The web UI is pretty self explanatory, works best in IE as ActiveX is required, and is smooth and easy to work with. In future articles we’ll be covering a lot more regarding remote access, including more of the available features, troubleshooting connection issues, and enabling access for other users. Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips GMedia Blog: Setting Up a Windows Home ServerHow to Remote Desktop to the Actual Server Console on Windows 2003Use Windows Vista Aero through Remote Desktop ConnectionAccess Your MySQL Server Remotely Over SSHShare Ubuntu Home Directories using Samba TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 Penolo Lets You Share Sketches On Twitter Visit Woolyss.com for Old School Games, Music and Videos Add a Custom Title in IE using Spybot or Spyware Blaster When You Need to Hail a Taxi in NYC Live Map of Marine Traffic NoSquint Remembers Site Specific Zoom Levels (Firefox)

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  • Restore Your PC from Windows Home Server

    - by Mysticgeek
    If your computer crashes or you get a virus infection that makes it unrecoverable, doing a clean install can be a hassle, let alone getting your data back. If you’re backing up your computers to Windows Home Server, you can completely restore them to the last successful backup. Note: For this process to work you need to verify the PC you want to restore is connected to your network via Ethernet. If you have it connected wirelessly it won’t work. Restore a PC from Windows Home Server On the computer you want to restore, pop in the Windows Home Server Home Computer Restore disc and boot from it. If you don’t have one already made, you can easily make one following these instructions. We have also included the link to the restore disc below. Boot from the CD then select if your machine has 512MB or RAM or more. The disc will initialize… Then choose your language and keyboard settings. Hopefully if everything goes correctly, your network card will be detected and you can continue. However, if it doesn’t like in our example, click on the Show Details button. In the Detect Hardware screen click on the Install Drivers button. Now you will need to have a USB flash drive with the correct drivers on it. It has to be a flash drive or a floppy (if you happen to still have one of those) because you can’t take out the Restore CD. If you want to make sure you have the correct drivers on the USB flash drive, open the Windows Home Server Console on another computer on your network. In the Computers and Backup section right-click on the computer you want to restore and select View Backups. Select the backup you want to restore from and click the Open button in the Restore or view Files section. Now drag the entire contents of the folder named Windows Home Server Drivers for Restore to the USB flash drive. Back to the machine you’re trying to restore, insert the USB flash drive with the correct drivers and click the Scan button. Wait a few moments while the drivers are found then click Ok then Continue.   The Restore Computer Wizard starts up… Enter in your home server password and click Next. Select the computer you want to restore. If it isn’t selected by default you can pull it up from the dropdown list under Another Computer. Make certain you’re selecting the correct machine. Now select the backup you want to restore. In this example we only have one but chances are you’ll have several. If you have several backups to choose from, you might want to check out the details for them. Now you can select the disk from backup and and restore it to the destination volume. You might need to initialize a disk, change a drive letter, or other disk management tasks, if so, then click on Run Disk Manger. For example we want to change the destination drive letter to (C:).   After you’ve made all the changes to the destination disk you can continue with the restore process. If everything looks correct, confirm the restore configuration. If you need to make any changes at this point, you can still go back and make them. Now Windows Home Server will restore your drive. The amount of time it takes will vary depend on the amount of data you have to restore, network connection speed, and hardware. You are notified when the restore successfully completes. Click Finish and the PC will reboot and be restored and should be working correctly. All the updates, programs, and files will be back that were saved to the last successful backup. Anything you might have installed after that backup will be gone. If you have your computers set to backup every night, then hopefully it won’t be a big issue.   Conclusion Backing up the computers on your network to Windows Home Server is a valuable tool in your backup strategy. Sometimes you may only need to restore a couple files and we’ve covered how to restore them from backups on WHS and that works really well. If the unthinkable happens and you need to restore the entire computer, WHS makes that easy too.  Download Windows Home Server Home Computer Restore CD Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Restore Files from Backups on Windows Home ServerCreate A Windows Home Server Home Computer Restore DiscGMedia Blog: Setting Up a Windows Home ServerShare Ubuntu Home Directories using SambaInstalling Windows Home Server TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Make your Joomla & Drupal Sites Mobile with OSMOBI Integrate Twitter and Delicious and Make Life Easier Design Your Web Pages Using the Golden Ratio Worldwide Growth of the Internet How to Find Your Mac Address Use My TextTools to Edit and Organize Text

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  • ICC Cricket World Cup 2011- Free Online Live Streaming, Mobile Apps, TV and Radio Guide

    - by Kavitha
    The ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 will be hosted jointly by Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. This 10th edition of World Cup is held between 19 February-2 April 2011. The World Cup drive will be starting in Dhaka on 19 February with the inaugural match between India and Bangladesh. The 43 days long ICC World Cup Cricket 2011 event will host 49 matches, day matches starting as early as 9.30am IST and day-night matches starting at 2.30pm IST. Here is our guide to follow 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup live on your computers, televisions,mobiles and radios Free Live Streaming On The Web (Official & Unofficial) http://espnstar.com will live stream all the matches of World Cup 2011 and they will be available in HD quality as they are the official broadcasters of World Cup 2011 cricket event. This is the first time ever a world cup cricket event is streamed online officially. If you are not able to access the official live streaming of Cricket World Cup due to regional restrictions, point your browser to any of the following unofficial live streams on the web. NOTE: MAKE SURE THAT YOUR ANTIVIRUS and ANTIMALWARE software are up and running before opening any of these sites. crictime.com - this site offers 6 live streaming servers that offer World Cup 2011 Cricket matches streams. Don’t mind the ads that are displayed left,right and center and just enjoy the cricket. Web pages dedicated for the world cup streaming are already live and you can bookmark them for your reference. cricfire.com/live-cricket: cricfire   gathers cricket live streams available around the web and provides them for easy access. Also they provide links for watching highlights and other post match analysis shows. Other sites that provide live streaming videos extracover.net webcric.com Searching for Unofficial Streams On Live Video Streaming Sites One of the best ways to find the unofficial streams is look for live streaming feeds on popular video streaming websites. We can be assured that these sites does not spread malware and spammy ads as they are well established. Here are the queries that you can use to search the popular sites FreedoCast  http://freedocast.com/search.aspx?go=cricket%20world%20cup Justin.tv      http://www.justin.tv/search?q=cricket+world+cup Ustream.tv  http://www.ustream.tv/discovery/live/all?q=cricket%20world%20cup TV Channels That Telecast Cricket World Cup Live Even though web is the place where we spend most of our time for entertainment, TVs are still popular for watching sports events. Mostly 90% of us are going to follow this cricket world cup matches on television sets. Here is the list of TV channels that paid whooping amounts of money for broadcasting rights and going to telecast live cricket Afghanistan – Ariana Television Network: Lemar TV Australia – Nine Network, Fox Sports Bangladesh – Bangladesh Television Canada – Asian Television Network China – ESPN Star Sports Europe (Except UK & Ireland) – Eurosport2 Fiji – Fiji TV India – ESPN Star Sports, Star Cricket, DD National (mostly India matches alone) Ireland – Zee Cafe Jamaica – Television Jamaica Middle East – Arab Radio and Television Network Nepal – ESPN Star Sports New Zealand – Sky Sport Pacific Islands – Sky Pacific Pakistan – GEO Super, Pakistan Television Corporation Pan-Africa – South African Broadcasting Corporation Singapore – Star Cricket South Africa – Supersport, Sabc3 Sport Sri Lanka – Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation United Kingdom – Sky Sports HD USA – Willow Cricket, DirecTV, Dish Network West Indies – Caribbean Media Corporation Radio Stations That Provide Live Commentary Don’t we listen to radio? Yes we still listen to radios, especially when we are on the go. Radios are part of our mobiles as well as music players like iPods. Here are the stations that you can tune into for catching live cricket commentary Australia – ABC Local Radio Bangladesh – Bangladesh Betar Canada , Central America – EchoStar India – All India Radio Pakistan, United Arab Emirates – Hum FM Sri Lanka – FM Derana United Kingdom, Ireland – BBC Radio West Indies – Caribbean Media Corporation Watch World Cup Cricket On Your Mobile This section is for Indian users. 3G rollout is happening at very high pace in all part of the India and most of the metros and towns are able to access 3G services. With 3G on your mobile you will be able to watch live ICC world cricket on your Reliance Mobiles and you can read more about it here. Top 10 Cricket Websites Check out our earlier post on top 10 cricket web sites for information. This article titled,ICC Cricket World Cup 2011- Free Online Live Streaming, Mobile Apps, TV and Radio Guide, was originally published at Tech Dreams. Grab our rss feed or fan us on Facebook to get updates from us.

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  • SQL Server service accounts and SPNs

    - by simonsabin
    Service Principal Names (SPNs) are a must for kerberos authentication which is a must when using sharepoint, reporting services and sql server where you access one server that then needs to access another resource, this is called the double hop. The reason this is a complex problem is that the second hop has to be done with impersonation/delegation. For this to work there needs to be a way for the security system to make sure that the service in the middle is allowed to impersonate you, after all you are not giving the service your password. To do this you need to be using kerberos. The following is my simple interpretation of how kerberos works. I find the Kerberos documentation rediculously complex so the following might be sligthly wrong but I think its close enough. Keberos works on a ticketing system, the prinicipal is that you get a security token from AD and then you can pass that to the service in the middle which can then use that token to impersonate you. For that to work AD has to be able to identify who is allowed to use the token, in this case the service account.But how do you as a client know what service account the service in the middle is configured with. The answer is SPNs. The SPN is the mapping between your logical connection to the service account. One type of SPN is for the DNS name for the server and the port. i.e. MySQL.mydomain.com and 1433. You can see how this maps to SQL Server on that server, but how does it map to the account. Well it can be done in two ways, either you can have a mapping defined in AD or AD can use a default mapping (this is something I didn't know about). To map the SPN in AD then you have to add the SPN to the user account, this is documented in the first link below either directly or using a tool called SetSPN. You might say that is complex, well it is and thats why SQL Server tries to do it for you, at start up it tries to connect to AD and set the SPN on the account it is running as, clearly that can only happen IF SQL is running as a domain account AND importantly it has permission to do so. By default a normal domain user account doesn't have the correct permission, and is why so many people have this problem. If the account is a domain admin then it will have permission, but non of us run SQL using domain admin accounts do we. You might also note that the SPN contains the port number (this isn't a requirement now in sql 2008 but I won't go into that), so if you set it manually and you are using dynamic ports (the default for a named instance) what do you do, well every time the port changes you need to change the SPN allocated to the account. Thats why its advised to let SQL Server register the SPN itself. You may also have thought, well what happens if I change my service account, won't that lead to two accounts with the same SPN. Possibly. Having two accounts with the same SPN is definitely a problem. Why? Well because if there are two accounts Kerberos can't identify the exact account that the service is running as, it could be either account, and so your security falls back to NTLM. SETSPN is useful for finding duplicate SPNs Reading this you will probably be thinking Oh my goodness this is really difficult. It is however I've found today in investigating something else that there is an easy option. Use Network Service as your service account. Network Service is a special account and is tied to the computer. It appears that Network Service has the update rights to AD to set an SPN mapping for the computer account. This then allows the SPN mapping to work. I believe this also works for the local system account. To get all the SPNs in your AD run the following, it could be a large file, so you might want to restrict it to a specific OU, or CN ldifde -d "DC=<domain>" -l servicePrincipalName -F spn.txt You will read in the links below that you need SQL to register the SPN this is done how to use Kerberos authenticaiton in SQL Server - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/319723 Using Kerberos with SQL Server - http://blogs.msdn.com/sql_protocols/archive/2005/10/12/479871.aspx Understanding Kerberos and NTLM authentication in SQL Server Connections - http://blogs.msdn.com/sql_protocols/archive/2006/12/02/understanding-kerberos-and-ntlm-authentication-in-sql-server-connections.aspx Summary The only reason I personally know to use a domain account is when you can't get kerberos to work and you want to do BULK INSERT or other network service that requires access to a a remote server. In this case you have to resort to using SQL authentication and the SQL Server uses its service account to access the remote service, and thus you need a domain account. You migth need this if using some forms of replication. I've always found Kerberos awkward to setup and so fallen back to this domain account approach. So in summary to get Kerberos to work try using the network service or local system accounts. For a great post from the Adam Saxton of the SQL Server support team go to http://blogs.msdn.com/psssql/archive/2010/03/09/what-spn-do-i-use-and-how-does-it-get-there.aspx 

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  • Transformation of Product Management in Telecommunications for Rapid Launch of Next Generation Products

    - by raul.goycoolea
    @font-face { font-family: "Arial"; }@font-face { font-family: "Courier New"; }@font-face { font-family: "Wingdings"; }@font-face { font-family: "Cambria"; }p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }a:link, span.MsoHyperlink { color: blue; text-decoration: underline; }a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed { color: purple; text-decoration: underline; }p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast { margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman"; }div.Section1 { page: Section1; }ol { margin-bottom: 0cm; }ul { margin-bottom: 0cm; } The Telecom industry continues to evolve through disruptive products, uncertain markets, shorter product lifecycles and convergence of technologies. Today’s market has moved from network centric to consumer centric and focuses primarily on the customer experience. It has resulted in several product management challenges such as an increased complexity and volume of offerings, creating product variants, accelerating time-to-market, ability to provide multiple product views for varied stakeholders, leveraging OSS intelligence to BSS layer, product co-creation and increasing audit and security concerns for service providers. The document discusses how enterprise product management enabled by PLM-based product catalogue solutions helps to launch next generation products rapidly in the context of the Telecommunication Industry.   1.0.       Introduction   Figure 1: Business Scenario   Modern business demands the launch of complex products in a very short timeframe and effecting changes in the price plan faster without IT intervention. One of the key transformation initiatives companies are focusing on is in the area of product management transformation and operational efficiency improvement. As part of these initiatives, companies are investing in best- in-class COTs-based Product Management solutions developed on industry-wide standards.   The new COTs packages are planned to integrate with existing or new B/OSS systems to provide a strategic end-to-end agile solution for reduced time-to-market and order journey time. In addition, system rationalization is being undertaken to phase out legacy systems and migrate to strategic systems.   2.0.       An Overview of Product Management in Telecom   Product data in telecom is multi- dimensional and difficult to manage. It increased significantly due to the complexity of the product, product offerings on the converged network, increased volume of offerings, bundled offering structures and ever increasing regulatory requirements.   In addition, the shrinking product lifecycle in telecom makes it difficult to manage the dynamic product data. Mergers and acquisitions coupled with organic growth pose major challenges in product portfolio management. It is a roadblock in the journey towards becoming an agile organization.       Figure 2: Complexity in Product Management   Network Technology’ is the new dimension in telecom product management where the same products are realized through different networks i.e., Soiled network to Converged network. Consequently, the product solution is different.     Figure 3: Current Scenario - Pain Points in Product Management   The major business implications arising out of the current scenario are slow time-to-market and an inefficient process that affects innovation.   3.0. Transformation of Next Generation Product Management   Companies must focus on their Product Management Transformation Journey in the areas of:   ·       Management of single truth of product information across the organization/geographies which is currently managed in heterogeneous systems   ·       Management of the Intellectual Property (IP) on the product concept and partnership in the design of discrete components to integrate into the system   ·       Leveraging structured and unstructured product data within the extended enterprise to extract consumer insights and drive innovation   ·       Management of effective operational separation to comply with regulatory bodies   ·       Reuse of existing designs and add relevant features such as value-added services to enable effective product bundling     Figure 4: Next generation needs   PLM-based Enterprise Product Catalogue solutions efficiently address the above requirements and act as an enabler towards product management transformation and rapid product launch.   4.0. PLM-based Enterprise Product Management     Figure 5: PLM-based Enterprise Product Mastering   Enterprise Product Management (EPM) enables the business to manage complex product attributes of data in complex environments. Product Mastering helps create a 'single view' of the product by creating a business-driven, IT-supported environment where a global 'single truth record' is created, managed and reused.   4.1 The Business Case for Telco PLM-based solutions for Enterprise Product Management   ·       Telco PLM-based Product Mastering solutions provide a centralized authoring environment for product definition and control of all product data and rules   ·       PLM packages are designed to support multiple perspectives of product data (ordering perspective, billing perspective, provisioning perspective)   ·       Maintains relationships/links between different elements of the entire product definition   ·       Telco PLM packages are specialized in next generation lifecycle management requirements of products such as revision and state management, test and release management, role management and impact analysis)   ·       Takes into consideration all aspects of OSS product requirements compared to CRM product catalogue solutions where the product data managed is mostly order oriented and transactional     ·       New breed of Telco PLM packages are designed with 'open' standards such as SID and eTOM. They are interoperable, support integration frameworks such as subscription and notification.   ·       Telco PLM packages have developed good collaboration frameworks to integrate suppliers and partners into the product development value chain   4.2 Various Architectures/Approaches for Product Mastering using Telco PLM systems   4. 2.a Single Central Product Management (Mastering) Approach   Figure 6: Single Central Product Management (Master) Approach       This approach is implemented across verticals such as aerospace and automotive. It focuses on a physically centralized product master to which other sources are dependent on. The product definition data (Product bundles, service bundles, price plans, offers and discounts, product configuration rules and market campaigns) is created and maintained physically in a centralized environment. In addition, the product definition/authoring environment is centralized. The existing legacy product definition data available in CRM product catalogue, billing catalogue and the legacy product catalogue is migrated to the centralized PLM-based Enterprise Product Management solution.   Architectural changes must be made in the existing business landscape of applications to create and revise data because the applications have to refer to the central repository for approvals and validation of product configurations. It is achieved by modifying how the applications write data or how the applications can be adapted to use the rules to be managed and published.   Complete product configuration validation will be done in enterprise / central product catalogue and final configuration will be sent to the B/OSS system through the SOA compliant product distribution architecture. The approach/architecture enables greater control in terms of product data management and product data governance.   4.2.b Federated Product Management (Mastering) Architecture     Figure 7: Federated Product Management (Mastering) Architecture   In the federated product mastering approach, the basic unique product definition data (product id, description product hierarchy, basic price plans and simple product design rules) will be centrally created and will be maintained. And, the advanced product definition (Product bundling, promotions, offers & discount plans) will be created in respective down stream OSS systems. The advanced product definition (Product bundling, promotions, offers and discount plans) will be created in respective downstream OSS systems.   For example, basic product definitions such as attributes, product hierarchy and basic price plans will be created and maintained in Enterprise/Central product reference catalogue and distributed to downstream OSS systems. Respective downstream OSS systems build product bundles, promotions, advanced price plans over the basic product definition and master the advanced product definition. Central reference database accesses the respective other source product master data and assembles a point-in-time consolidated view of the product. The approach is typically adapted in some merger and acquisition scenarios where there is a low probability of a central physical authority managing the data. In addition, the migration effort in this case is minimal and there are no big architectural changes to the organization application landscape. However, this approach will not result in better product data management and data governance.   5.0 Customer Scenario – Before EPC deployment   A leading global telecommunications service provider wanted to launch a quad play and triple play service offering in the shortest possible lead time. The service provider was offering Broadband and VoIP services to customers. The company wanted to reuse a majority of the Broadband services and price plans and bundle them with new wireless and IPTV services for quad play and triple play. The challenges in launching the new service offerings were:       Figure 8: Triple Play Plan   ·       Broadband product data was stored in multiple product catalogues (CRM catalogue, Billing catalogue, spread sheets)   ·       Product managers spent a lot of time performing tasks involving duplication or re-keying of data. Manual effort caused errors, cost and time over-runs.   ·       No effective product and price data governance mechanism. Price change issues arising from the lack of data consistency across systems resulted in leakage of customer value and revenue.   ·       Product data had re-usability issues and was not in a structured format. It resulted in uncontrolled product portfolio creation and product management issues.   ·       Lack of enterprise product model resulted into product distribution challenges and thus delays in product launch.   ·       Designers are constrained by existing legacy product management solutions to model product/service requirements and product configuration rules such as upgrading, downgrading and cross selling.    5.1 Customer Scenario - After EPC deployment     Figure 9: SOA-based end-to-end EPC Solution   The company deployed PLM-based Enterprise Product Catalogue solutions to launch quad play service after evaluating various product catalogues. The broadband product offering, service and price data were migrated to the new system, and the product and price plan hierarchy for new offerings were created using the entities defined in the Enterprise Product Model. Supplier product catalogue data such as routers and set up boxes were loaded onto the new solution through SOA-based web service. Price plans and configuration rules were built in the new system. The validated final product configurations were extracted from the product catalogue in a SID format and were distributed to the downstream B/OSS systems through exposed SOA-based web services. The transformations required for the B/OSS system were handled using the transformation layer as part of the solution.   6.0 How PLM enabled Product Management Transformation         Figure 10: Product Management Transformation     PLM-based Product Catalogue Solution helped the customer reduce the product launch cycle time by 30% and enable transformation of Product Management for next generation services.   7.0 Conclusion   On the one hand, the telecom industry is undergoing changes due to disruptions, uncertain product markets and increased complexity of products. On the other hand, the ARPU is decreasing year-on-year. Communications Service Providers are embarking on convergence, bundled service offerings, flexibility to cross-sell and up-sell, introduce new value-added services, leverage Web 2.0 concepts and network capabilities. Consequently, large scale IT transformation initiatives to improve their ARPU supporting network and business transformations are a business imperative. Product Management has become a focus area. Companies are investing in best-in- class COTS solutions to reduce time-to-market, ensure rapid service delivery and improve operational efficiency. An efficient PLM-based enterprise product mastering solution plays a key role in achieving zero touch automation and rapid product launch.   References:   1.     Preston G.Smith, Donald G.Reineristsem, Van Nostrand Reinhold “Developing Products in Half the time”.   2.     John G. Innes, "Achieving Successful Product Change", Pitman Publishing.   3.     D T Pham and R M Setchi (16th Jan, 2001) "Authoring environment for documentation development" University of Wales Cardiff, U.K., Proceedings on Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 215, Part B.   4.     Oracle Product Hub for Communications:   http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/master-data-management/product-hub-082059.html  

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  • Connection Pooling is Busted

    - by MightyZot
    A few weeks ago we started getting complaints about performance in an application that has performed very well for many years.  The application is a n-tier application that uses ADODB with the SQLOLEDB provider to talk to a SQL Server database.  Our object model is written in such a way that each public method validates security before performing requested actions, so there is a significant number of queries executed to get information about file cabinets, retrieve images, create workflows, etc.  (PaperWise is a document management and workflow system.)  A common factor for these customers is that they have remote offices connected via MPLS networks. Naturally, the first thing we looked at was the query performance in SQL Profiler.  All of the queries were executing within expected timeframes, most of them were so fast that the duration in SQL Profiler was zero.  After getting nowhere with SQL Profiler, the situation was escalated to me.  I decided to take a peek with Process Monitor.  Procmon revealed some “gaps” in the TCP/IP traffic.  There were notable delays between send and receive pairs.  The send and receive pairs themselves were quite snappy, but quite often there was a notable delay between a receive and the next send.  You might expect some delay because, presumably, the application is doing some thinking in-between the pairs.  But, comparing the procmon data at the remote locations with the procmon data for workstations on the local network showed that the remote workstations were significantly delayed.  Procmon also showed a high number of disconnects. Wireshark traces showed that connections to the database were taking between 75ms and 150ms.  Not only that, but connections to a file share containing images were taking 2 seconds!  So, I asked about a trust.  Sure enough there was a trust between two domains and the file share was on the second domain.  Joining a remote workstation to the domain hosting the share containing images alleviated the time delay in accessing the file share.  Removing the trust had no affect on the connections to the database. Microsoft Network Monitor includes filters that parse TDS packets.  TDS is the protocol that SQL Server uses to communicate.  There is a certificate exchange and some SSL that occurs during authentication.  All of this was evident in the network traffic.  After staring at the network traffic for a while, and examining packets, I decided to call it a night.  On the way home that night, something about the traffic kept nagging at me.  Then it dawned on me…at the beginning of the dance of packets between the client and the server all was well.  Connection pooling was working and I could see multiple queries getting executed on the same connection and ethereal port.  After a particular query, connecting to two different servers, I noticed that ADODB and SQLOLEDB started making repeated connections to the database on different ethereal ports.  SQL Server would execute a single query and respond on a port, then open a new port and execute the next query.  Connection pooling appeared to be broken. The next morning I wrote a test to confirm my hypothesis.  Turns out that the sequence causing the connection nastiness goes something like this: Make a connection to the database. Open a result set that returns enough records to require multiple roundtrips to the server. For each result, query for some other data in the database (this will open a new implicit connection.) Close the inner result set and repeat for every item in the original result set. Close the original connection. Provided that the first result set returns enough data to require multiple roundtrips to the server, ADODB and SQLOLEDB will start making new connections to the database for each query executed in the loop.  Originally, I thought this might be due to Microsoft’s denial of service (ddos) attack protection.  After turning those features off to no avail, I eventually thought to switch my queries to client-side cursors instead of server-side cursors.  Server-side cursors are the default, by the way.  Voila!  After switching to client-side cursors, the disconnects were gone and the above sequence yielded two connections as expected. While the real problem is the amount of time it takes to make connections over these MPLS networks (100ms on average), switching to client-side cursors made the problem go away.  Believe it or not, this is actually documented by Microsoft, and rather difficult to find.  (At least it was while we were trying to troubleshoot the problem!)  So, if you’re noticing performance issues on slower networks, or networks with slower switching, take a look at the traffic in a tool like Microsoft Network Monitor.  If you notice a high number of disconnects, and you’re using fire-hose or server-side cursors, then try switching to client-side cursors and you may see the problem go away. Most likely, Microsoft believes this to be appropriate behavior, because ADODB can’t guarantee that all of the data has been retrieved when you execute the inner queries.  I’m not convinced, though, because the problem remains even after replacing all of the implicit connections with explicit connections and closing those connections in-between each of the inner queries.  In that case, there doesn’t seem to be a reason why ADODB can’t use a single connection from the connection pool to make the additional queries, bringing the total number of connections to two.  Instead ADO appears to make an assumption about the state of the connection. I’ve reported the behavior to Microsoft and am awaiting to hear from the appropriate team, so that I can demonstrate the problem.  Maybe they can explain to us why this is appropriate behavior.  :)

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  • HTG Explains: Are You Using IPv6 Yet? Should You Even Care?

    - by Chris Hoffman
    IPv6 is extremely important for the long-term health of the Internet. But is your Internet service provider providing IPv6 connectivity yet? Does your home network support it? Should you even care if you’re using IPv6 yet? Switching from IPv4 to IPv6 will give the Internet a much larger pool of IP addresses. It should also allow every device to have its own public IP address, rather than be hidden behind a NAT router. IPv6 is Important Long-Term IPv6 is very important for the long-term health of the Internet. There are only about 3.7 billion public IPv4 addresses. This may sound like a lot, but it isn’t even one IP address for each person on the planet. Considering people have more and more Internet-connected devices — everything from light bulbs to thermostats are starting to become network-connected — the lack of IP addresses is already proving to be a serious problem. This may not affect those of us in well-off developed countries just yet, but developing countries are already running out of IPv4 addresses. So, if you work at an Internet service provider, manage Internet-connected servers, or develop software or hardware — yes, you should care about IPv6! You should be deploying it and ensuring your software and hardware works properly with it. It’s important to prepare for the future before the current IPv4 situation becomes completely unworkable. But, if you’re just typical user or even a typical geek with a home Internet connection and a home network, should you really care about your home network just yet? Probably not. What You Need to Use IPv6 To use IPv6, you’ll need three things: An IPv6-Compatible Operating System: Your operating system’s software must be capable of using IPv6. All modern desktop operating systems should be compatible — Windows Vista and newer versions of Windows, as well as modern versions of Mac OS X and Linux. Windows XP doesn’t have IPv6 support installed by default, but you shouldn’t be using Windows XP anymore, anyway. A Router With IPv6 Support: Many — maybe even most — consumer routers in the wild don’t support IPv6. Check your router’s specifications details to see if it supports IPv6 if you’re curious. If you’re going to buy a new router, you’ll probably want to get one with IPv6 support to future-proof yourself. If you don’t have an IPv6-enabled router yet, you don’t need to buy a new one just to get it. An ISP With IPv6 Enabled:  Your Internet service provider must also have IPv6 set up on their end. Even if you have modern software and hardware on your end, your ISP has to provide an IPv6 connection for you to use it. IPv6 is rolling out steadily, but slowly — there’s a good chance your ISP hasn’t enabled it for you yet. How to Tell If You’re Using IPv6 The easiest way to tell if you have IPv6 connectivity is to visit a website like testmyipv6.com. This website allows you to connect to it in different ways — click the links near the top to see if you can connect to the website via different types of connections. If you can’t connect via IPv6, it’s either because your operating system is too old (unlikely), your router doesn’t support IPv6 (very possible), or because your ISP hasn’t enabled it for you yet (very likely). Now What? If you can connect to the test website above via IPv6, congratulations! Everything is working as it should. Your ISP is doing a good job of rolling out IPv6 rather than dragging its feet. There’s a good chance you won’t have IPv6 working properly, however. So what should you do about this — should you head to Amazon and buy a new IPv6-enabled router or switch to an ISP that offers IPv6? Should you use a “tunnel broker,” as the test site recommends, to tunnel into IPv6 via your IPv4 connection? Well, probably not. Typical users shouldn’t have to worry about this yet. Connecting to the Internet via IPv6 shouldn’t be perceptibly faster, for example. It’s important for operating system vendors, hardware companies, and Internet service providers to prepare for the future and get IPv6 working, but you don’t need to worry about this on your home network. IPv6 is all about future-proofing. You shouldn’t be racing to implement this at home yet or worrying about it too much — but, when you need to buy a new router, try to buy one that supports IPv6. Image Credit: Adobe of Chaos on Flickr, hisperati on Flickr, Vox Efx on Flickr     

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  • Data management in unexpected places

    - by Ashok_Ora
    Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE Data management in unexpected places When you think of network switches, routers, firewall appliances, etc., it may not be obvious that at the heart of these kinds of solutions is an engine that can manage huge amounts of data at very high throughput with low latencies and high availability. Consider a network router that is processing tens (or hundreds) of thousands of network packets per second. So what really happens inside a router? Packets are streaming in at the rate of tens of thousands per second. Each packet has multiple attributes, for example, a destination, associated SLAs etc. For each packet, the router has to determine the address of the next “hop” to the destination; it has to determine how to prioritize this packet. If it’s a high priority packet, then it has to be sent on its way before lower priority packets. As a consequence of prioritizing high priority packets, lower priority data packets may need to be temporarily stored (held back), but addressed fairly. If there are security or privacy requirements associated with the data packet, those have to be enforced. You probably need to keep track of statistics related to the packets processed (someone’s sure to ask). You have to do all this (and more) while preserving high availability i.e. if one of the processors in the router goes down, you have to have a way to continue processing without interruption (the customer won’t be happy with a “choppy” VoIP conversation, right?). And all this has to be achieved without ANY intervention from a human operator – the router is most likely to be in a remote location – it must JUST CONTINUE TO WORK CORRECTLY, even when bad things happen. How is this implemented? As soon as a packet arrives, it is interpreted by the receiving software. The software decodes the packet headers in order to determine the destination, kind of packet (e.g. voice vs. data), SLAs associated with the “owner” of the packet etc. It looks up the internal database of “rules” of how to process this packet and handles the packet accordingly. The software might choose to hold on to the packet safely for some period of time, if it’s a low priority packet. Ah – this sounds very much like a database problem. For each packet, you have to minimally · Look up the most efficient next “hop” towards the destination. The “most efficient” next hop can change, depending on latency, availability etc. · Look up the SLA and determine the priority of this packet (e.g. voice calls get priority over data ftp) · Look up security information associated with this data packet. It may be necessary to retrieve the context for this network packet since a network packet is a small “slice” of a session. The context for the “header” packet needs to be stored in the router, in order to make this work. · If the priority of the packet is low, then “store” the packet temporarily in the router until it is time to forward the packet to the next hop. · Update various statistics about the packet. In most cases, you have to do all this in the context of a single transaction. For example, you want to look up the forwarding address and perform the “send” in a single transaction so that the forwarding address doesn’t change while you’re sending the packet. So, how do you do all this? Berkeley DB is a proven, reliable, high performance, highly available embeddable database, designed for exactly these kinds of usage scenarios. Berkeley DB is a robust, reliable, proven solution that is currently being used in these scenarios. First and foremost, Berkeley DB (or BDB for short) is very very fast. It can process tens or hundreds of thousands of transactions per second. It can be used as a pure in-memory database, or as a disk-persistent database. BDB provides high availability – if one board in the router fails, the system can automatically failover to another board – no manual intervention required. BDB is self-administering – there’s no need for manual intervention in order to maintain a BDB application. No need to send a technician to a remote site in the middle of nowhere on a freezing winter day to perform maintenance operations. BDB is used in over 200 million deployments worldwide for the past two decades for mission-critical applications such as the one described here. You have a choice of spending valuable resources to implement similar functionality, or, you could simply embed BDB in your application and off you go! I know what I’d do – choose BDB, so I can focus on my business problem. What will you do? /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}

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  • Understanding the 'High Performance' meaning in Extreme Transaction Processing

    - by kyap
    Despite my previous blogs entries on SOA/BPM and Identity Management, the domain where I'm the most passionated is definitely the Extreme Transaction Processing, commonly called XTP.I came across XTP back to 2007 while I was still FMW Product Manager in EMEA. At that time Oracle acquired a company called Tangosol, which owned an unique product called Coherence that we renamed to Oracle Coherence. Beside this innovative renaming of the product, to be honest, I didn't know much about it, except being a "distributed in-memory cache for Extreme Transaction Processing"... not very helpful still.In general when people doesn't fully understand a technology or a concept, they tend to find some shortcuts, either correct or not, to justify their lack-of understanding... and of course I was part of this category of individuals. And the shortcut was "Oracle Coherence Cache helps to improve Performance". Excellent marketing slogan... but not very meaningful still. By chance I was able to get away quickly from that group in July 2007* at Thames Valley Park (UK), after I attended one of the most interesting workshops, in my 10 years career in Oracle, delivered by Brian Oliver. The biggest mistake I made was to assume that performance improvement with Coherence was related to the response time. Which can be considered as legitimus at that time, because after-all caches help to reduce latency on cached data access, hence reduce the response-time. But like all caches, you need to define caching and expiration policies, thinking about the cache-missed strategy, and most of the time you have to re-write partially your application in order to work with the cache. At a result, the expected benefit vanishes... so, not very useful then?The key mistake I made was my perception or obsession on how performance improvement should be driven, but I strongly believe this is still a common problem to most of the developers. In fact we all know the that the performance of a system is generally presented by the Capacity (or Throughput), with the 2 important dimensions Speed (response-time) and Volume (load) :Capacity (TPS) = Volume (T) / Speed (S)To increase the Capacity, we can either reduce the Speed(in terms of response-time), or to increase the Volume. However we tend to only focus on reducing the Speed dimension, perhaps it is more concrete and tangible to measure, and nicer to present to our management because there's a direct impact onto the end-users experience. On the other hand, we assume the Volume can be addressed by the underlying hardware or software stack, so if we need more capacity (scale out), we just add more hardware or software. Unfortunately, the reality proves that IT is never as ideal as we assume...The challenge with Speed improvement approach is that it is generally difficult and costly to make things already fast... faster. And by adding Coherence will not necessarily help either. Even though we manage to do so, the Capacity can not increase forever because... the Speed can be influenced by the Volume. For all system, we always have a performance illustration as follow: In all traditional system, the increase of Volume (Transaction) will also increase the Speed (Response-Time) as some point. The reason is simple: most of the time the Application logics were not designed to scale. As an example, if you have a while-loop in your application, it is natural to conceive that parsing 200 entries will require double execution-time compared to 100 entries. If you need to "Speed-up" the execution, you can only upgrade your hardware (scale-up) with faster CPU and/or network to reduce network latency. It is technically limited and economically inefficient. And this is exactly where XTP and Coherence kick in. The primary objective of XTP is about designing applications which can scale-out for increasing the Volume, by applying coding techniques to keep the execution-time as constant as possible, independently of the number of runtime data being manipulated. It is actually not just about having an application running as fast as possible, but about having a much more predictable system, with constant response-time and linearly scale, so we can easily increase throughput by adding more hardwares in parallel. It is in general combined with the Low Latency Programming model, where we tried to optimize the network usage as much as possible, either from the programmatic angle (less network-hoops to complete a task), and/or from a hardware angle (faster network equipments). In this picture, Oracle Coherence can be considered as software-level XTP enabler, via the Distributed-Cache because it can guarantee: - Constant Data Objects access time, independently from the number of Objects and the Coherence Cluster size - Data Objects Distribution by Affinity for in-memory data grouping - In-place Data Processing for parallel executionTo summarize, Oracle Coherence is indeed useful to improve your application performance, just not in the way we commonly think. It's not about the Speed itself, but about the overall Capacity with Extreme Load while keeping consistant Speed. In the future I will keep adding new blog entries around this topic, with some sample codes experiences sharing that I capture in the last few years. In the meanwhile if you want to know more how Oracle Coherence, I strongly suggest you to start with checking how our worldwide customers are using Oracle Coherence first, then you can start playing with the product through our tutorial.Have Fun !

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  • Exiting a reboot loop

    - by user12617035
    If you're in a situation where the system is panic'ing during boot, you can use # boot net -s to regain control of your system. In my case, I'd added some diagnostic code to a (PCI) driver (that is used to boot the root filesystem). There was a bug in the driver, and each time during boot, the bug occurred, and so caused the system to panic: ... 000000000180b950 genunix:vfs_mountroot+60 (800, 200, 0, 185d400, 1883000, 18aec00) %l0-3: 0000000000001770 0000000000000640 0000000001814000 00000000000008fc %l4-7: 0000000001833c00 00000000018b1000 0000000000000600 0000000000000200 000000000180ba10 genunix:main+98 (18141a0, 1013800, 18362c0, 18ab800, 180e000, 1814000) %l0-3: 0000000070002000 0000000000000001 000000000180c000 000000000180e000 %l4-7: 0000000000000001 0000000001074800 0000000000000060 0000000000000000 skipping system dump - no dump device configured rebooting... If you're logged in via the console, you can send a BREAK sequence in order to gain control of the firmware's (OBP's) prompt. Enter Ctrl-Shift-[ in order to get the TELNET prompt. Once telnet has control, enter this: telnet> send brk You'll be presented with OBP's prompt: ok You then enter the following in order to boot into single-user mode via the network: ok boot net -s Note that booting from the network under Solaris will implicitly cause the system to be INSTALLED with whatever software had last been configured to be installed. However, we are using boot net -s as a "handle" with which to get at the Solaris prompt. Once at that prompt, we can perform actions as root that will let us back out our buggy driver (ok... MY buggy driver :-)) ...and replace it with the original, non-buggy driver. Entering the boot command caused the following output, as well as left us at the Solaris prompt (in single-user-mode): Sun Blade 1500, No Keyboard Copyright 1998-2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. OpenBoot 4.16.4, 1024 MB memory installed, Serial #53463393. Ethernet address 0:3:ba:2f:c9:61, Host ID: 832fc961. Rebooting with command: boot net -s Boot device: /pci@1f,700000/network@2 File and args: -s 1000 Mbps FDX Link up Timeout waiting for ARP/RARP packet Timeout waiting for ARP/RARP packet 4000 1000 Mbps FDX Link up Requesting Internet address for 0:3:ba:2f:c9:61 SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_118833-17 64-bit Copyright 1983-2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Booting to milestone "milestone/single-user:default". Configuring devices. Using RPC Bootparams for network configuration information. Attempting to configure interface bge0... Configured interface bge0 Requesting System Maintenance Mode SINGLE USER MODE # Our goal is to now move to the directory containing the buggy driver and replace it with the original driver (that we had saved away before ever loading our buggy driver! :-) However, since we booted from the network, the root filesystem ("/") is NOT mounted on one of our local disks. It is mounted on an NFS filesystem exported by our install server. To verify this, enter the following command: # mount | head -1 / on my-server:/export/install/media/s10u2/solarisdvd.s10s_u2dvd/latest/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot remote/read/write/setuid/devices/dev=4ac0001 on Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 1969 As a result, we have to create a temporary mount point and then mount the local disk onto that mount point: # mkdir /tmp/mnt # mount /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 /tmp/mnt Note that your system will not necessarily have had its root filesystem on "c0t0d0s0". This is something that you should also have recorded before you ever loaded your.. er... "my" buggy driver! :-) One can find the local disk mounted under the root filesystem by entering: # df -k / Filesystem kbytes used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 76703839 4035535 71901266 6% / To continue with our example, we can now move to the directory of buggy-driver in order to replace it with the original driver. Note that /tmp/mnt is prefixed to the path of where we'd "normally" find the driver: # cd /tmp/mnt/platform/sun4u/kernel/drv/sparcv9 # ls -l pci\* -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 288504 Dec 6 15:38 pcisch -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 288504 Dec 6 15:38 pcisch.aar -rwxr-xr-x 1 root sys 211616 Jun 8 2006 pcisch.orig # cp -p pcisch.orig pcisch We can now synchronize any in-memory filesystem data structures with those on disk... and then reboot. The system will then boot correctly... as expected: # sync;sync # reboot syncing file systems... done Sun Blade 1500, No Keyboard Copyright 1998-2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. OpenBoot 4.16.4, 1024 MB memory installed, Serial #xxxxxxxx. Ethernet address 0:3:ba:2f:c9:61, Host ID: yyyyyyyy. Rebooting with command: boot Boot device: /pci@1e,600000/ide@d/disk@0,0:a File and args: SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_118833-17 64-bit Copyright 1983-2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Hostname: my-host NIS domain name is my-campus.Central.Sun.COM my-host console login: ...so that's how it's done! Of course, the easier way is to never write a buggy-driver... but.. then.. we all "have an eraser on the end of each of our pencils"... don't we ? :-) "...thank you... and good night..."

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  • 11gR2 ??????????

    - by Allen Gao
    ???????11gR2 GI????????????????????,?10g????,???????GI?????????????1.Ocssd.bin:????????10g??????????,???????(Node Monitoring)????(Group Management)?????????????“??????????”????????2.Cssdagent.bin/Cssdmonitor.bin:?2????11gR2??????????????ocssd.bin??????(Local HeartBeat),??????1??????????????????ocssd.bin???????????,????????ocssd.bin????????,??????,???????????10g??oclsomon/oclsvmon(?????????????)?oprocd????,????11gR2???????—rebootless restart,?????????11.2.0.2????????????,????????????(????????)??????ocssd.bin?????,??????????????,??????????GI stack?????,??GI stack??????????(short disk I/O timeout)??graceful shutdown,????????,??,????????????????????????11gR2 ??????????????1.Ocssd.log2.Cssdagent ? cssdmonitor logs<GI_home>/log/<node_name>/agent/ohasd/oracssdagent_root/oracssdagent_root.log<GI_home>/log/<node_name>/agent/ohasd/oracssdmonitor_root_root/oracssdmonitor_root.log3.Cluster alert log<GI_home>/log/<node_name>/alert<node_name>.log4.OS log5.OSW ?? CHM ????,??????????????????1.???????????????????????????????,??????10g???????????????????????????GI alert log ??,?????node2?2012-08-15 16:30:06.554 [cssd(11011) ]CRS-1612:Network communication with node node1 (1) missing for 50% of timeout interval.  Removal of this node from cluster in 14.510 seconds2012-08-15 16:30:13.586 [cssd(11011) ]CRS-1611:Network communication with node node1 (1) missing for 75% of timeout interval.  Removal of this node from cluster in 7.470 seconds2012-08-15 16:30:18.606 [cssd(11011) ]CRS-1610:Network communication with node node1 (1) missing for 90% of timeout interval.  Removal of this node from cluster in 2.450 seconds2012-08-15 16:30:21.073 [cssd(11011) ]CRS-1632:Node node1 is being removed from the cluster in cluster incarnation 2363798322012-08-15 16:30:21.086 [cssd(11011) ]CRS-1601:CSSD Reconfiguration complete. Active nodes are node2 .?????????????node1?????????????????,???????, node2?? node1 ?????????node1 ???,???node1 ???????????????(????os log ??OSW ????),??node1 ???????node2??node1?????????,????node1??????????,???reconfiguration,????????????,????????????,?11.2.0.2??,??rebootless restart???,node eviction ????????GI stack??,????????????,???node2?node1?????????,node1?ocssd.bin??????(????ocssd.log??)??node1???????????????,??node1??????GI node eviction????2.???????????????,?????10g???????,???????????3.??ocssd.bin ????Cssdagent/Cssdmonitor.bin????????????,??????,????,????oracssdagent_root.log ?oracssdmonitor_root.log ????????2012-07-23 14:09:58.506: [ USRTHRD][1095805248] (:CLSN00111: )clsnproc_needreboot: Impending reboot at 75% of limit 28030; disk timeout 28030, network timeout 26380, last heartbeat from CSSD at epoch seconds 1343023777.410, 21091 milliseconds ago based on invariant clock 269251595; now polling at 100 ms……2012-07-23 14:10:02.704: [ USRTHRD][1095805248] (:CLSN00111: )clsnproc_needreboot: Impending reboot at 90% of limit 28030; disk timeout 28030, network timeout 26380, last heartbeat from CSSD at epoch seconds 1343023777.410, 25291 milliseconds ago based on invariant clock 269251595; now polling at 100 ms……???????????????timeout???28 ???(misscount – reboot time)?4.?????????????????? ??????????????????????,????ocssd.bin??????,?????????????,?????????????ocssd.bin??,????????os???????????OSW??,???? ??????? cpu ???Linux OSWbb v5.0 node1SNAP_INTERVAL 30CPU_COUNT 8OSWBB_ARCHIVE_DEST /osw/archiveprocs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- -----cpu------r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in    cs us sy id wa……zzz ***Mon Aug 30 17:55:21 CST 2012158  6 4200956 923940   7664 19088464    0    0  1296  3574 11153 231579  0 100  0  0  0zzz ***Mon Aug 30 17:55:53 CST 2012135  4 4200956 923760   7812 19089344    0    0     4    45  570 14563  0 100  0  0  0zzz ***Mon Aug 30 17:56:53 CST 2012126  2 4200956 923784   8396 19083620    0    0   196  1121  651 15941  2 98  0  0  0?????????????,????10g??????11gR2????????????????,??????,????????Note 1050693.1 : Troubleshooting 11.2 Clusterware Node Evictions (Reboots)

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  • Snort's problems in generating alert from Darpa 1998 intrusion detection dataset.

    - by manofseven2
    Hi. I’m working on DARPA 1998 intrusion detection dataset. When I run snort on this dataset (outside.tcpdump file), snort don’t generate complete list of alerts. It means snort start from last few hours of tcpdump file and generate alerts about this section of file and all of packets in first hours are ignored. Another problem in generatin alert is in time stamp of generated alerts. This means when I run snort on a specific day of dataset, snort insert incorrect time stamp for that alert. The configuration and command line statement and other information about my research are: Snort version: 2.8.6 Operating system: windows XP Rule version: snortrules-snapshot-2860_s.tar.gz -———————————————————————— Command line: snort_2.8.6 c D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\etc\snort.conf -r d:\users\amir\docs\darpa\training_data\week_3\monday\outside.tcpdump -l D:\users\amir\current-task\research\thesis\snort\890230 -————————————————————————— Snort.config Hi. I'm working on DARPA 1998 intrusion detection dataset. When I run snort on this dataset (outside.tcpdump file), snort don't generate complete list of alerts. It means snort start from last few hours of tcpdump file and generate alerts about this section of file and all of packets in first hours are ignored. Another problem in generatin alert is in time stamp of generated alerts. This means when I run snort on a specific day of dataset, snort insert incorrect time stamp for that alert. The configuration and command line statement and other information about my research are: Snort version: 2.8.6 Operating system: windows XP Rule version: snortrules-snapshot-2860_s.tar.gz Command line: snort_2.8.6 -c D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\etc\snort.conf -r d:\users\amir\docs\darpa\training_data\week_3\monday\outside.tcpdump -l D:\users\amir\current-task\research\thesis\snort\890230 Snort.config # Setup the network addresses you are protecting var HOME_NET any # Set up the external network addresses. Leave as "any" in most situations var EXTERNAL_NET any # List of DNS servers on your network var DNS_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of SMTP servers on your network var SMTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of web servers on your network var HTTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of sql servers on your network var SQL_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of telnet servers on your network var TELNET_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of ssh servers on your network var SSH_SERVERS $HOME_NET # List of ports you run web servers on portvar HTTP_PORTS [80,1220,2301,3128,7777,7779,8000,8008,8028,8080,8180,8888,9999] # List of ports you want to look for SHELLCODE on. portvar SHELLCODE_PORTS !80 # List of ports you might see oracle attacks on portvar ORACLE_PORTS 1024: # List of ports you want to look for SSH connections on: portvar SSH_PORTS 22 # other variables, these should not be modified var AIM_SERVERS [64.12.24.0/23,64.12.28.0/23,64.12.161.0/24,64.12.163.0/24,64.12.200.0/24,205.188.3.0/24,205.188.5.0/24,205.188.7.0/24,205.188.9.0/24,205.188.153.0/24,205.188.179.0/24,205.188.248.0/24] var RULE_PATH ../rules var SO_RULE_PATH ../so_rules var PREPROC_RULE_PATH ../preproc_rules # Stop generic decode events: config disable_decode_alerts # Stop Alerts on experimental TCP options config disable_tcpopt_experimental_alerts # Stop Alerts on obsolete TCP options config disable_tcpopt_obsolete_alerts # Stop Alerts on T/TCP alerts config disable_tcpopt_ttcp_alerts # Stop Alerts on all other TCPOption type events: config disable_tcpopt_alerts # Stop Alerts on invalid ip options config disable_ipopt_alerts # Alert if value in length field (IP, TCP, UDP) is greater th elength of the packet # config enable_decode_oversized_alerts # Same as above, but drop packet if in Inline mode (requires enable_decode_oversized_alerts) # config enable_decode_oversized_drops # Configure IP / TCP checksum mode config checksum_mode: all config pcre_match_limit: 1500 config pcre_match_limit_recursion: 1500 # Configure the detection engine See the Snort Manual, Configuring Snort - Includes - Config config detection: search-method ac-split search-optimize max-pattern-len 20 # Configure the event queue. For more information, see README.event_queue config event_queue: max_queue 8 log 3 order_events content_length dynamicpreprocessor directory D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\lib\snort_dynamicpreprocessor dynamicengine D:\programs\Snort_2.8.6\snort\lib\snort_dynamicengine\sf_engine.dll # path to dynamic rules libraries #dynamicdetection directory /usr/local/lib/snort_dynamicrules preprocessor frag3_global: max_frags 65536 preprocessor frag3_engine: policy windows detect_anomalies overlap_limit 10 min_fragment_length 100 timeout 180 preprocessor stream5_global: max_tcp 8192, track_tcp yes, track_udp yes, track_icmp no preprocessor stream5_tcp: policy windows, detect_anomalies, require_3whs 180, \ overlap_limit 10, small_segments 3 bytes 150, timeout 180, \ ports client 21 22 23 25 42 53 79 109 110 111 113 119 135 136 137 139 143 \ 161 445 513 514 587 593 691 1433 1521 2100 3306 6665 6666 6667 6668 6669 \ 7000 32770 32771 32772 32773 32774 32775 32776 32777 32778 32779, \ ports both 80 443 465 563 636 989 992 993 994 995 1220 2301 3128 6907 7702 7777 7779 7801 7900 7901 7902 7903 7904 7905 \ 7906 7908 7909 7910 7911 7912 7913 7914 7915 7916 7917 7918 7919 7920 8000 8008 8028 8080 8180 8888 9999 preprocessor stream5_udp: timeout 180 preprocessor http_inspect: global iis_unicode_map unicode.map 1252 compress_depth 20480 decompress_depth 20480 preprocessor http_inspect_server: server default \ chunk_length 500000 \ server_flow_depth 0 \ client_flow_depth 0 \ post_depth 65495 \ oversize_dir_length 500 \ max_header_length 750 \ max_headers 100 \ ports { 80 1220 2301 3128 7777 7779 8000 8008 8028 8080 8180 8888 9999 } \ non_rfc_char { 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 } \ enable_cookie \ extended_response_inspection \ inspect_gzip \ apache_whitespace no \ ascii no \ bare_byte no \ directory no \ double_decode no \ iis_backslash no \ iis_delimiter no \ iis_unicode no \ multi_slash no \ non_strict \ u_encode yes \ webroot no preprocessor rpc_decode: 111 32770 32771 32772 32773 32774 32775 32776 32777 32778 32779 no_alert_multiple_requests no_alert_large_fragments no_alert_incomplete preprocessor bo preprocessor ftp_telnet: global inspection_type stateful encrypted_traffic no preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: telnet \ ayt_attack_thresh 20 \ normalize ports { 23 } \ detect_anomalies preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: ftp server default \ def_max_param_len 100 \ ports { 21 2100 3535 } \ telnet_cmds yes \ ignore_telnet_erase_cmds yes \ ftp_cmds { ABOR ACCT ADAT ALLO APPE AUTH CCC CDUP } \ ftp_cmds { CEL CLNT CMD CONF CWD DELE ENC EPRT } \ ftp_cmds { EPSV ESTA ESTP FEAT HELP LANG LIST LPRT } \ ftp_cmds { LPSV MACB MAIL MDTM MIC MKD MLSD MLST } \ ftp_cmds { MODE NLST NOOP OPTS PASS PASV PBSZ PORT } \ ftp_cmds { PROT PWD QUIT REIN REST RETR RMD RNFR } \ ftp_cmds { RNTO SDUP SITE SIZE SMNT STAT STOR STOU } \ ftp_cmds { STRU SYST TEST TYPE USER XCUP XCRC XCWD } \ ftp_cmds { XMAS XMD5 XMKD XPWD XRCP XRMD XRSQ XSEM } \ ftp_cmds { XSEN XSHA1 XSHA256 } \ alt_max_param_len 0 { ABOR CCC CDUP ESTA FEAT LPSV NOOP PASV PWD QUIT REIN STOU SYST XCUP XPWD } \ alt_max_param_len 200 { ALLO APPE CMD HELP NLST RETR RNFR STOR STOU XMKD } \ alt_max_param_len 256 { CWD RNTO } \ alt_max_param_len 400 { PORT } \ alt_max_param_len 512 { SIZE } \ chk_str_fmt { ACCT ADAT ALLO APPE AUTH CEL CLNT CMD } \ chk_str_fmt { CONF CWD DELE ENC EPRT EPSV ESTP HELP } \ chk_str_fmt { LANG LIST LPRT MACB MAIL MDTM MIC MKD } \ chk_str_fmt { MLSD MLST MODE NLST OPTS PASS PBSZ PORT } \ chk_str_fmt { PROT REST RETR RMD RNFR RNTO SDUP SITE } \ chk_str_fmt { SIZE SMNT STAT STOR STRU TEST TYPE USER } \ chk_str_fmt { XCRC XCWD XMAS XMD5 XMKD XRCP XRMD XRSQ } \ chk_str_fmt { XSEM XSEN XSHA1 XSHA256 } \ cmd_validity ALLO \ cmd_validity EPSV \ cmd_validity MACB \ cmd_validity MDTM \ cmd_validity MODE \ cmd_validity PORT \ cmd_validity PROT \ cmd_validity STRU \ cmd_validity TYPE preprocessor ftp_telnet_protocol: ftp client default \ max_resp_len 256 \ bounce yes \ ignore_telnet_erase_cmds yes \ telnet_cmds yes preprocessor smtp: ports { 25 465 587 691 } \ inspection_type stateful \ normalize cmds \ normalize_cmds { MAIL RCPT HELP HELO ETRN EHLO EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN DATA QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ max_command_line_len 512 \ max_header_line_len 1000 \ max_response_line_len 512 \ alt_max_command_line_len 260 { MAIL } \ alt_max_command_line_len 300 { RCPT } \ alt_max_command_line_len 500 { HELP HELO ETRN EHLO } \ alt_max_command_line_len 255 { EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET } \ alt_max_command_line_len 246 { SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN ETRN DATA RSET QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ valid_cmds { MAIL RCPT HELP HELO ETRN EHLO EXPN VRFY ATRN SIZE BDAT DEBUG EMAL ESAM ESND ESOM EVFY IDENT NOOP RSET SEND SAML SOML AUTH TURN DATA QUIT ONEX QUEU STARTTLS TICK TIME TURNME VERB X-EXPS X-LINK2STATE XADR XAUTH XCIR XEXCH50 XGEN XLICENSE XQUE XSTA XTRN XUSR } \ xlink2state { enabled } preprocessor ssh: server_ports { 22 } \ autodetect \ max_client_bytes 19600 \ max_encrypted_packets 20 \ max_server_version_len 100 \ enable_respoverflow enable_ssh1crc32 \ enable_srvoverflow enable_protomismatch preprocessor dcerpc2: memcap 102400, events [co ] preprocessor dcerpc2_server: default, policy WinXP, \ detect [smb [139,445], tcp 135, udp 135, rpc-over-http-server 593], \ autodetect [tcp 1025:, udp 1025:, rpc-over-http-server 1025:], \ smb_max_chain 3 preprocessor dns: ports { 53 } enable_rdata_overflow preprocessor ssl: ports { 443 465 563 636 989 992 993 994 995 7801 7702 7900 7901 7902 7903 7904 7905 7906 6907 7908 7909 7910 7911 7912 7913 7914 7915 7916 7917 7918 7919 7920 }, trustservers, noinspect_encrypted # SDF sensitive data preprocessor. For more information see README.sensitive_data preprocessor sensitive_data: alert_threshold 25 output alert_full: alert.log output database: log, mysql, user=root password=123456 dbname=snort host=localhost include classification.config include reference.config include $RULE_PATH/local.rules include $RULE_PATH/attack-responses.rules include $RULE_PATH/backdoor.rules include $RULE_PATH/bad-traffic.rules include $RULE_PATH/chat.rules include $RULE_PATH/content-replace.rules include $RULE_PATH/ddos.rules include $RULE_PATH/dns.rules include $RULE_PATH/dos.rules include $RULE_PATH/exploit.rules include $RULE_PATH/finger.rules include $RULE_PATH/ftp.rules include $RULE_PATH/icmp.rules include $RULE_PATH/icmp-info.rules include $RULE_PATH/imap.rules include $RULE_PATH/info.rules include $RULE_PATH/misc.rules include $RULE_PATH/multimedia.rules include $RULE_PATH/mysql.rules include $RULE_PATH/netbios.rules include $RULE_PATH/nntp.rules include $RULE_PATH/oracle.rules include $RULE_PATH/other-ids.rules include $RULE_PATH/p2p.rules include $RULE_PATH/policy.rules include $RULE_PATH/pop2.rules include $RULE_PATH/pop3.rules include $RULE_PATH/rpc.rules include $RULE_PATH/rservices.rules include $RULE_PATH/scada.rules include $RULE_PATH/scan.rules include $RULE_PATH/shellcode.rules include $RULE_PATH/smtp.rules include $RULE_PATH/snmp.rules include $RULE_PATH/specific-threats.rules include $RULE_PATH/spyware-put.rules include $RULE_PATH/sql.rules include $RULE_PATH/telnet.rules include $RULE_PATH/tftp.rules include $RULE_PATH/virus.rules include $RULE_PATH/voip.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-activex.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-attacks.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-cgi.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-client.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-coldfusion.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-frontpage.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-iis.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-misc.rules include $RULE_PATH/web-php.rules include $RULE_PATH/x11.rules include threshold.conf -————————————————————————————- Can anyone help me to solve this problem? Thanks.

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