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  • GPO best practices : Security-Group Filtering Versus OU

    - by Olivier Rochaix
    Good afternoon everyone, I'm quite new to Active Directory stuff. After upgraded Functional level of our AD from 2003 to 2008 R2 (I need it to put fine-grained password policy), I then start to reorganized my OUs. I keep in mind that a good OU organization facilitate application of GPO (and maybe GPP).But in the end, it feels more natural for me to use Security-group filtering (from Scope tab) to apply my policies, instead of direct OU. Do you think it is a good practice or should I stick to OU ? We are a small organisation with 20 users and 30-35 computers. So, we got a simple OU tree, but more subtle split with security-groups. The OU tree doesn't contain any objects except at the bottom level. Each bottom level OU contains Computers,Users, and of course security groups. These security groups contains Users & Computers of the same OU. Thanks for your advices, Olivier

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  • Using the option port on my Watchguard Firebox as a 2nd gateway exit point?

    - by Donovan
    I'm working on a network project in witch I have to design our network to provide two different exit points. The points are differentiated by the path through the corporate network. One of them travels through some monitoring hardware the other does not. We have a Watchguard Firebox in use as our gateway. Currently the network side provides the unmonitored exit point. I was wondering if i hooked the option port to our lan at a point that would force traffic through the monitored path, would it cause any problems? Access to the unmonitored gateway port would be restricted by ip. That would force all others not authorized to point to the monitored gateway port. I thought with the above design i might be able to get away with not having to buy another firebox to achieve the design I want. Thanks, D

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  • Multi-Domain Root Administrator

    - by Brent Pabst
    We have a new domain structure we are planning on rolling out in the next few months. Essentially there is a single top level and forest domain controller "mydomain.lan" and two children "us.mydomain.lan" and "pl.mydomain.lan". We want to configure an administrator account or two at the top level domain that then has full administrator permissions on the sub domains. By default the top level administrator cannot access or login to machines on the sub-domains. Running W2K8R2. Ideas?

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  • How to recursively move all files (including hidden) in a subfolder into a parent folder in *nix?

    - by deadprogrammer
    This is a bit of an embracing question, but I have to admit that this late in my career I still have questions about the mv command. I frequently have this problem: I need to move all files recursively up one level. Let's say I have folder foo, and a folder bar inside it. Bar has a mess of files and folders, including dot files and folders. How do I move everything in bar to the foo level? If foo is empty, I simply move bar one level above, delete foo and rename bar into foo. Part of the problem is that I can't figure out what mv's wildcard for "everything including dots" is. A part of this question is this - is there an in-depth discussion of the wildcards that cp and mv commands use somewhere (googling this only brings very basic tutorials).

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  • Scrolling mouse sets windows sound volume

    - by Ikke
    Suddenly, when I use the scroll wheel of my mouse, it changes the windows sound volume level. I have a HP DV6-2030SD laptop with Windows 7 64 bit and a Zolid p50622 mouse. When I use the scroll function of the mouse pad of the laptop, it does not adjust the sound level. I don't have any special mouse drivers installed, just the standard windows drivers. When I scroll, I see the HP sound level screen: It doesn't do it always, but when it does, it prevents the current window to scroll, which is really annoying. Rebooting doesn't help. I've tried to put the USB dongle in a different port, but this doesn't help either. Any advise on how I can fix this?

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  • How to recursively move all files (including hidden) in a subfolder into a parent folder in *nix?

    - by deadprogrammer
    This is a bit of an embarrassing question, but I have to admit that this late in my career I still have questions about the mv command. I frequently have this problem: I need to move all files recursively up one level. Let's say I have folder foo, and a folder bar inside it. Bar has a mess of files and folders, including dot files and folders. How do I move everything in bar to the foo level? If foo is empty, I simply move bar one level above, delete foo and rename bar into foo. Part of the problem is that I can't figure out what mv's wildcard for "everything including dots" is. A part of this question is this - is there an in-depth discussion of the wildcards that cp and mv commands use somewhere (googling this only brings very basic tutorials).

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  • What happens if I run caspol.exe multiple times?

    - by Maclovin
    Hi there! Caspol.exe is used to modify security policy for the machine policy level, the user policy level, and the enterprise policy level. What I use it for, is setting up av trust between the client and an area on some server. I went through the scripts on the server, and found an interesting script that sets up full trust via caspol between a client in one zone, and an application on the server. That script has been running every day, for every logon, since it was implemented. Can someone tell me the consequences? I guess there is about 500 trusts between the client computer and the server, all which points to the same thing.

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  • Raid1+0: create stripe over two /dev/mdx on partition or not?

    - by Chris
    Given that I haven't found a way to define how a Raid10 is created with mdadm, i went the Raid1+0 solution. How to display/define Mirror/Stripping pairs with mdadm mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdf1 mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdg1 /dev/sdh1 mdadm --create /dev/md10 --level=0 --raid-devices=2 /dev/md0 /dev/md1 My question is about the stripe. For the mirror I create a primary partition over the full HD and set partition type to FD. So, should I do the same for the Stripe? Create partition on /dev/md0 and /dev/md1 (primary over full 'HDD', set partition type correctly) and then do the stripe on the partition? Is there a correct way here or are there any advantages/disadvantages to a solution? Thank you

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  • mysql_fetch_array() problem

    - by Marty
    So I have 3 DB tables that are all identical in every way (data is different) except the name of the table. I did this so I could use one piece of code with a switch like so: function disp_bestof($atts) { extract(shortcode_atts(array( 'topic' => '' ), $atts)); $connect = mysql_connect("localhost","foo","bar"); if (!$connect) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } switch ($topic) { case "attorneys": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM attorneys p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_TopAttorneys'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; case "physicians": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM physicians p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_TopDocs'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; case "dining": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM restaurants p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_DiningAwards'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; default: $bestof_query = "switch on $best did not match required case(s)"; break; } $category = ''; while( $result = mysql_fetch_array($query) ) { if( $result['category'] != $category ) { $category = $result['category']; //echo "<div class\"category\">"; $bestof_content .= "<h2>".$category."</h2>\n"; //echo "<ul>"; Now, this whole thing works PERFECT for the first two cases, but the third one "dining" breaks with this error: Warning: mysql_fetch_assoc(): supplied argument is not a valid MySQL result resource ... on line 78 Line 78 is the while() at the bottom. I have checked and double checked and can't figure what the problem is. Here's the DB structure for 'restaurants': CREATE TABLE `restaurants` ( `id` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment, `restaurant` varchar(255) default NULL, `address1` varchar(255) default NULL, `address2` varchar(255) default NULL, `city` varchar(255) default NULL, `state` varchar(255) default NULL, `zip` double default NULL, `phone` double default NULL, `URI` varchar(255) default NULL, `neighborhood` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=249 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 Does anyone see what I'm doing wrong here? I'm passing "dining" to the function and as I said before, the first two cases in the switch work fine. I'm sure it's something stupid...

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  • Does software architect/designer require more skills and intellectual than software engineer (implementation)?

    - by Amumu
    So I heard the positions for designing software and writing spec for developers to implement are higher and getting paid more. I think many companies are using the Software Engineering title to depict the person to implement software, which means using tools and technologies to write the actual code. I know that in order to be a software architecture, one needs to be good at implementation in order to have an architectural overview of a system using a set of specific technologies. This is different than I thought of a Software Engineer. My thinking is similar to the standard of IEEE: A software engineer is an engineer who is capable of going from requirement analysis until the software is deployed, based on the SWEBOK (IEEE). Just look at the table of content. The IEEE even has the certificate for Software Engineering, since ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology) seems to not have an official qualification test for Software Engineer (although IEEE is a member of ABET). The two certificates are CSDA and CSDP. I intend to take on these two examination in the future to be qualified as a software engineer, although I am already working as one (Junior position). On a side note on the issues of Software Engineer, you can read the dicussion here: Just a Programmer and Just a Software Engineer. The information of ABET does not accredit Software Engineer is in "Just a Software Engineer". On the other hand, why is Programmer/Softwar Engineer who writes code considered a low level position? Suppose if two people have equal skills after the same years of experience, one becomes a software architect and one keeps focus on implementation aspect of Software Engineering (of course he also has design skill to compose a system, since he's a software engineer as well, but maybe less than the specialized software architect), how comes work from Software Engineer is less complicated than the Software Architect? In order to write great code with turn design into reality, it requires far greater skill than just understanding a particular language and a framework. I don't think the ones who wrote and contributing Linux OS are lower level job and easier than conceptual design and writing spec. Can someone enlighten me?

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  • SQL SERVER – Concurrency Basics – Guest Post by Vinod Kumar

    - by pinaldave
    This guest post is by Vinod Kumar. Vinod Kumar has worked with SQL Server extensively since joining the industry over a decade ago. Working on various versions from SQL Server 7.0, Oracle 7.3 and other database technologies – he now works with the Microsoft Technology Center (MTC) as a Technology Architect. Let us read the blog post in Vinod’s own voice. Learning is always fun when it comes to SQL Server and learning the basics again can be more fun. I did write about Transaction Logs and recovery over my blogs and the concept of simplifying the basics is a challenge. In the real world we always see checks and queues for a process – say railway reservation, banks, customer supports etc there is a process of line and queue to facilitate everyone. Shorter the queue higher is the efficiency of system (a.k.a higher is the concurrency). Every database does implement this using checks like locking, blocking mechanisms and they implement the standards in a way to facilitate higher concurrency. In this post, let us talk about the topic of Concurrency and what are the various aspects that one needs to know about concurrency inside SQL Server. Let us learn the concepts as one-liners: Concurrency can be defined as the ability of multiple processes to access or change shared data at the same time. The greater the number of concurrent user processes that can be active without interfering with each other, the greater the concurrency of the database system. Concurrency is reduced when a process that is changing data prevents other processes from reading that data or when a process that is reading data prevents other processes from changing that data. Concurrency is also affected when multiple processes are attempting to change the same data simultaneously. Two approaches to managing concurrent data access: Optimistic Concurrency Model Pessimistic Concurrency Model Concurrency Models Pessimistic Concurrency Default behavior: acquire locks to block access to data that another process is using. Assumes that enough data modification operations are in the system that any given read operation is likely affected by a data modification made by another user (assumes conflicts will occur). Avoids conflicts by acquiring a lock on data being read so no other processes can modify that data. Also acquires locks on data being modified so no other processes can access the data for either reading or modifying. Readers block writer, writers block readers and writers. Optimistic Concurrency Assumes that there are sufficiently few conflicting data modification operations in the system that any single transaction is unlikely to modify data that another transaction is modifying. Default behavior of optimistic concurrency is to use row versioning to allow data readers to see the state of the data before the modification occurs. Older versions of the data are saved so a process reading data can see the data as it was when the process started reading and not affected by any changes being made to that data. Processes modifying the data is unaffected by processes reading the data because the reader is accessing a saved version of the data rows. Readers do not block writers and writers do not block readers, but, writers can and will block writers. Transaction Processing A transaction is the basic unit of work in SQL Server. Transaction consists of SQL commands that read and update the database but the update is not considered final until a COMMIT command is issued (at least for an explicit transaction: marked with a BEGIN TRAN and the end is marked by a COMMIT TRAN or ROLLBACK TRAN). Transactions must exhibit all the ACID properties of a transaction. ACID Properties Transaction processing must guarantee the consistency and recoverability of SQL Server databases. Ensures all transactions are performed as a single unit of work regardless of hardware or system failure. A – Atomicity C – Consistency I – Isolation D- Durability Atomicity: Each transaction is treated as all or nothing – it either commits or aborts. Consistency: ensures that a transaction won’t allow the system to arrive at an incorrect logical state – the data must always be logically correct.  Consistency is honored even in the event of a system failure. Isolation: separates concurrent transactions from the updates of other incomplete transactions. SQL Server accomplishes isolation among transactions by locking data or creating row versions. Durability: After a transaction commits, the durability property ensures that the effects of the transaction persist even if a system failure occurs. If a system failure occurs while a transaction is in progress, the transaction is completely undone, leaving no partial effects on data. Transaction Dependencies In addition to supporting all four ACID properties, a transaction might exhibit few other behaviors (known as dependency problems or consistency problems). Lost Updates: Occur when two processes read the same data and both manipulate the data, changing its value and then both try to update the original data to the new value. The second process might overwrite the first update completely. Dirty Reads: Occurs when a process reads uncommitted data. If one process has changed data but not yet committed the change, another process reading the data will read it in an inconsistent state. Non-repeatable Reads: A read is non-repeatable if a process might get different values when reading the same data in two reads within the same transaction. This can happen when another process changes the data in between the reads that the first process is doing. Phantoms: Occurs when membership in a set changes. It occurs if two SELECT operations using the same predicate in the same transaction return a different number of rows. Isolation Levels SQL Server supports 5 isolation levels that control the behavior of read operations. Read Uncommitted All behaviors except for lost updates are possible. Implemented by allowing the read operations to not take any locks, and because of this, it won’t be blocked by conflicting locks acquired by other processes. The process can read data that another process has modified but not yet committed. When using the read uncommitted isolation level and scanning an entire table, SQL Server can decide to do an allocation order scan (in page-number order) instead of a logical order scan (following page pointers). If another process doing concurrent operations changes data and move rows to a new location in the table, the allocation order scan can end up reading the same row twice. Also can happen if you have read a row before it is updated and then an update moves the row to a higher page number than your scan encounters later. Performing an allocation order scan under Read Uncommitted can cause you to miss a row completely – can happen when a row on a high page number that hasn’t been read yet is updated and moved to a lower page number that has already been read. Read Committed Two varieties of read committed isolation: optimistic and pessimistic (default). Ensures that a read never reads data that another application hasn’t committed. If another transaction is updating data and has exclusive locks on data, your transaction will have to wait for the locks to be released. Your transaction must put share locks on data that are visited, which means that data might be unavailable for others to use. A share lock doesn’t prevent others from reading but prevents them from updating. Read committed (snapshot) ensures that an operation never reads uncommitted data, but not by forcing other processes to wait. SQL Server generates a version of the changed row with its previous committed values. Data being changed is still locked but other processes can see the previous versions of the data as it was before the update operation began. Repeatable Read This is a Pessimistic isolation level. Ensures that if a transaction revisits data or a query is reissued the data doesn’t change. That is, issuing the same query twice within a transaction cannot pickup any changes to data values made by another user’s transaction because no changes can be made by other transactions. However, this does allow phantom rows to appear. Preventing non-repeatable read is a desirable safeguard but cost is that all shared locks in a transaction must be held until the completion of the transaction. Snapshot Snapshot Isolation (SI) is an optimistic isolation level. Allows for processes to read older versions of committed data if the current version is locked. Difference between snapshot and read committed has to do with how old the older versions have to be. It’s possible to have two transactions executing simultaneously that give us a result that is not possible in any serial execution. Serializable This is the strongest of the pessimistic isolation level. Adds to repeatable read isolation level by ensuring that if a query is reissued rows were not added in the interim, i.e, phantoms do not appear. Preventing phantoms is another desirable safeguard, but cost of this extra safeguard is similar to that of repeatable read – all shared locks in a transaction must be held until the transaction completes. In addition serializable isolation level requires that you lock data that has been read but also data that doesn’t exist. Ex: if a SELECT returned no rows, you want it to return no. rows when the query is reissued. This is implemented in SQL Server by a special kind of lock called the key-range lock. Key-range locks require that there be an index on the column that defines the range of values. If there is no index on the column, serializable isolation requires a table lock. Gets its name from the fact that running multiple serializable transactions at the same time is equivalent of running them one at a time. Now that we understand the basics of what concurrency is, the subsequent blog posts will try to bring out the basics around locking, blocking, deadlocks because they are the fundamental blocks that make concurrency possible. Now if you are with me – let us continue learning for SQL Server Locking Basics. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Concurrency

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  • Additional options in MDL

    - by Jane Zhang
        The Metadata Loader(MDL) enables you to populate a new repository as well as transfer, update, or restore a backup of existing repository metadata. It consists of two utilities: metadata export and metadata import. The export utility extracts metadata objects from a repository and writes the information into a file. The import utility reads the metadata information from an exported file and inserts the metadata objects into a repository.      While the Design Client provides an intuitive UI that helps you perform the most commonly used export and import tasks, OMBPlus scripting enables you to specify some additional options, and manage a control file that allows you to perform more specialized export and import tasks. Is it possible to utilize these options in MDL from Design Client? This article will tell you how to achieve it.      A property file named mdl.properties is used to configure the additional options. It stores options in name/value pairs. This file can be created and placed under the directory <owb installation path>/owb/bin/admin/. Below we will introduce the options that can be specified in the mdl.properties file. 1. DEFAULTDIRECTORY     When we open a Metadata Export/Import dialog in Design Client, a default directory is provided for MDL file and log file. For MDL Export, the default directory is <owb installation path>/owb/bin/. As for MDL Import, the default directory is <owb installation path>/owb/mdl/. It may not be the one you would want to use as a default. You can specify the option DEFAULTDIRECTORY in the mdl.properties file to set your own default directory for MDL Export/Import, for example, DEFAULTDIRECOTRY=/tmp/     In this example, the default directory is set to /tmp/. Be sure the value ends with a file separator since it represents a directory. In Windows, the file separator is “\”. In linux, the file separator is “/”. 2. MDLTRACEFILE     Sometimes we would like to trace the whole process of MDL Export/Import, and get detailed information about operations to help developers or supports troubleshooting. To turn on MDL trace, set the option MDLTRACEFILE in the mdl.properties file. MDLTRACEFILE=/tmp/mdl.trc    The right side of the equals sign is to specify the name of the file for MDL trace information to be written. If no path is specified, the file will be placed under directory <owb installation path>/owb/bin/admin/. However, the trace file may be large if the MDL file contains a large number of metadata objects, so please use this option sparingly. 3. CONTROLFILE       We can use a control file to specify how objects are imported or exported. We can set an option called CONTROLFILE in the mdl.properties file, so the control file can also be utilized in Design Client, for example, CONTROLFILE=/tmp/mdl_control_file.ctl     The control file stores options in name/value pairs. When using control file, be sure the file exists, otherwise an exception java.lang.Exception: CNV0002-0031(ERROR): Cannot find specified file will be thrown out during MDL Export/Import.      Next we will introduce some options specified in control file. ZIPFILEFORMAT     By default, MDL exports objects into a zip format file. This zip file has an .mdl extension and contains two files. For example, you export the repository metadata into a file called projects.mdl. When you unzip this MDL file, you obtain two files. The file projects.mdx contains the repository objects. The file mdlcatalog.xml contains internal information about the MDL XML file. Another choice is to combine these two files into one unzip text format file when doing MDL exporting.    In OMBPlus command related to MDL, there is an option called FILE_FORMAT which is used to specify the file format for the exported file. Its acceptable values are ZIP or TEXT. When the value TEXT is selected, the exported file is in text format, for example, OMBEXPORT MDL_FILE '/tmp/options_file_format_test.mdl' FILE_FORMAT TEXT FROM PROJECT 'MY_PROJECT'    How to achieve this via Design Client when doing an MDL exporting? Here we have another option called ZIPFILEFORMAT which has the same function as the FILE_FORMAT. The difference is the acceptable values for ZIPFILEFORMAT are Y or N. When the value is set to N, the exported file is in text format, otherwise it is in zip file format. LOGMESSAGELEVEL     Whenever you export or import repository metadata, MDL writes diagnostic and statistical information to a log file. Their are 3 types of status messages: Informational, Warning and Error. By default, the log file includes all types of message. Sometimes, user may only care about one type of messages, for example, they would like only error messages written to the log file. In order to achieve this, we can set an option called LOGMESSAGELEVEL in control file. The acceptable values for LOGMESSAGELEVEL are ALL, WARNING and ERROR. ALL: If the option LOGMESSAGELEVEL is set to ALL, all types of messages (Informational, Warning and Error) will be written into the log file. WARNING: If the option LOGMESSAGELEVEL is set to WARNING, only warning messages will be written into log file. ERROR: If the option LOGMESSAGELEVEL is set to ERROR, only error messages will be written into log file. UPDATEPROJECTATTRIBUTES, UPDATEMODULEATTRIBUTES      These two options are used to decide whether updating the attributes of projects/modules. The options work when projects/modules being imported already exist in repository and we use update metadata mode or replace metadata mode to do the MDL import. The acceptable values for these two options are Y or N. If the value is set to Y, the attributes of projects/modules will be updated, otherwise not.      Next, let’s give an example to see how these options take effect in MDL. 1. First of all, create the property file mdl.properties under the directory <owb installation path>/owb/bin/admin/. 2. Specify the options in the mdl.properties file, see the following screenshot. 3. Create the control file mdl_control_file.ctl under the directory /tmp/. Set the following options in control file. 4. Log into the OWB Design Client. 5. Create an Oracle module named ORA_MOD_1 under the project MY_PROJECT, then export the project MY_PROJECT into file my_project.mdl. 6. Check the trace file mdl.trc under the directory /tmp/. In this file, we can see very detail information for the above export task. 7. Check the exported MDL file. The file my_project.mdl is in text format. Opening the file, you can see the content of the file directly. It concats the file my_project.mdx and mdlcatalog.xml. 8. Modify the project MY_PROJECT and Oracle module ORA_MOD_1, add descriptions for them separately. Delete the location created in step 5. 9. Import the MDL file my_project.mdl. From the Metadata Import dialog, we can see the default directory for MDL file and log file has been changed to /tmp/. Here we use update metadata mode, match by names to do the importing. 10. After importing, check the description of the project MY_PROJECT, we can see the description is still there. But the description of the Oracle module ORA_MOD_1 has gone. That because we set the option UPDATEPROJECTATTRIBUTES to N, and set the option UPDATEMODULEATTRIBUTES to Y. 11. Check the log file, the log file only contains warning messages and the log message level is set to WARNING.      For more details about the 3 types of status messages, see Oracle® Warehouse Builder Installation and Administration Guide11g Release 2.

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  • ASP.NET MVC: MVC Time Planner is available at CodePlex

    - by DigiMortal
    I get almost every week some e-mails where my dear readers ask for source code of my ASP.NET MVC and FullCalendar example. I have some great news, guys! I ported my sample application to Visual Studio 2010 and made it available at CodePlex. Feel free to visit the page of MVC Time Planner. NB! Current release of MVC Time Planner is initial one and it is basically conversion sfrom VS2008 example solution to VS2010. Current source code is not any study material but it gives you idea how to make calendars work together. Future releases will introduce many design and architectural improvements. I have planned also some new features. How MVC Time Planner looks? Image on right shows you how time planner looks like. It uses default design elements of ASP.NET MVC applications and jQueryUI. If I find some artist skills from myself I will improve design too, of course. :) Currently only day view of calendar is available, other views are coming in near future (I hope future will be week or two). Important links And here are some important links you may find useful. MVC Time Planner page @ CodePlex Documentation Release plan Help and support – questions, ideas, other communication Bugs and feature requests If you have any questions or you are interested in new features then please feel free to contact me through MVC Time Planner discussion forums.

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  • How to become a Kernel/Systems/Device driver programmer?

    - by accordionfolder
    Hello all! I currently work in a professional capacity as a software engineer working with the Android OS. We work at integrating our platform as a native daemon among other facets of the project. I primarily work in Java developing the SDK and Android applications, but get to help with the platform in C/C++. Anywho, I have a great interest to work professionally developing low level for linux. I am not unhappy in my current position and will hang around as long as the company lets me (as a matter of fact I quite enjoy working there!), but I would like to work my way that direction. I've been working through Linux Kernel Development (Robert Love) and The Linux Programming Interface (Michael Kerrisk) (In addition to strengthening my C skills at every chance I get) and casually browsing Monster and similar sites. The problem I see is, there are no entry level positions. How does one break into this field? Anytime I see "Linux Systems Programmer" or "Linux Device Driver Programmer" they all require at the minimum 5-7 years of relevant experience. They want someone who knows the ropes, not a junior level programmer (I've been working for 7 months now...). So, I'm assuming, that some of you on stackoverflow work in a professional capacity doing just what I would like to do. How did you get there? What platforms did you use to work your way there? Am I going to have a more difficult time because I have my bachelors in CSC as opposed to a computer engineer (where they would experience a bit more embedded, asm, etc)?

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  • Friday Fun: Play MineSweeper in Google Chrome

    - by Asian Angel
    Are you addicted to MineSweeper and love to play it when taking a break from work? Now you can add that mine sweeping goodness to Google Chrome with the Chrome MineSweeper extension. Find Those Mines! Once the extension has been installed simply click on the “Toolbar Button” to access the game (opens in a new tab). The “emoticons” at the top of the tab window indicate the difficulty level of game play available. Sometimes you can make quick progress in a short time with this game… Only to lose moments later. So you do have to plan your strategy out carefully. You will be surprised (or perhaps alarmed?) at just how quickly you get addicted to playing “just one more round”! Want a bigger challenge? Click on the “middle emoticon” to access a tougher level. The ultimate level…how much mine sweeping punishment are you up for?   Conclusion If you are a MineSweeper fan then this will be a perfect addition to your browser. For those who are new to this game then you have a lot of fun just waiting for you. Links Download the Chrome MineSweeper extension (Google Chrome Extensions) Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips How to Make Google Chrome Your Default BrowserPlay a New Random Game Each Day in ChromeEnable Vista Black Style Theme for Google Chrome in XPIncrease Google Chrome’s Omnibox Popup Suggestion Count With an Undocumented SwitchFriday Fun: Play 3D Rally Racing in Google Chrome TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional YoWindoW, a real time weather screensaver Optimize your computer the Microsoft way Stormpulse provides slick, real time weather data Geek Parents – Did you try Parental Controls in Windows 7? Change DNS servers on the fly with DNS Jumper Live PDF Searches PDF Files and Ebooks

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  • HPET for x86 BSP (how to build it for WCE8)

    - by Werner Willemsens
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/WernerWillemsens/archive/2014/08/02/157895.aspx"I needed a timer". That is how we started a few blogs ago our series about APIC and ACPI. Well, here it is. HPET (High Precision Event Timer) was introduced by Intel in early 2000 to: Replace old style Intel 8253 (1981!) and 8254 timers Support more accurate timers that could be used for multimedia purposes. Hence Microsoft and Intel sometimes refers to HPET as Multimedia timers. An HPET chip consists of a 64-bit up-counter (main counter) counting at a frequency of at least 10 MHz, and a set of (at least three, up to 256) comparators. These comparators are 32- or 64-bit wide. The HPET is discoverable via ACPI. The HPET circuit in recent Intel platforms is integrated into the SouthBridge chip (e.g. 82801) All HPET timers should support one-shot interrupt programming, while optionally they can support periodic interrupts. In most Intel SouthBridges I worked with, there are three HPET timers. TIMER0 supports both one-shot and periodic mode, while TIMER1 and TIMER2 are one-shot only. Each HPET timer can generate interrupts, both in old-style PIC mode and in APIC mode. However in PIC mode, interrupts cannot freely be chosen. Typically IRQ11 is available and cannot be shared with any other interrupt! Which makes the HPET in PIC mode virtually unusable. In APIC mode however more IRQs are available and can be shared with other interrupt generating devices. (Check the datasheet of your SouthBridge) Because of this higher level of freedom, I created the APIC BSP (see previous posts). The HPET driver code that I present you here uses this APIC mode. Hpet.reg [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Drivers\BuiltIn\Hpet] "Dll"="Hpet.dll" "Prefix"="HPT" "Order"=dword:10 "IsrDll"="giisr.dll" "IsrHandler"="ISRHandler" "Priority256"=dword:50 Because HPET does not reside on the PCI bus, but can be found through ACPI as a memory mapped device, you don't need to specify the "Class", "SubClass", "ProgIF" and other PCI related registry keys that you typically find for PCI devices. If a driver needs to run its internal thread(s) at a certain priority level, by convention in Windows CE you add the "Priority256" registry key. Through this key you can easily play with the driver's thread priority for better response and timer accuracy. See later. Hpet.cpp (Hpet.dll) This cpp file contains the complete HPET driver code. The file is part of a folder that you typically integrate in your BSP (\src\drivers\Hpet). It is written as sample (example) code, you most likely want to change this code to your specific needs. There are two sets of #define's that I use to control how the driver works. _TRIGGER_EVENT or _TRIGGER_SEMAPHORE: _TRIGGER_EVENT will let your driver trigger a Windows CE Event when the timer expires, _TRIGGER_SEMAPHORE will trigger a Windows CE counting Semaphore. The latter guarantees that no events get lost in case your application cannot always process the triggers fast enough. _TIMER0 or _TIMER2: both timers will trigger an event or semaphore periodically. _TIMER0 will use a periodic HPET timer interrupt, while _TIMER2 will reprogram a one-shot HPET timer after each interrupt. The one-shot approach is interesting if the frequency you wish to generate is not an even multiple of the HPET main counter frequency. The sample code uses an algorithm to generate a more correct frequency over a longer period (by reducing rounding errors). _TIMER1 is not used in the sample source code. HPT_Init() will locate the HPET I/O memory space, setup the HPET counter (_TIMER0 or _TIMER2) and install the Interrupt Service Thread (IST). Upon timer expiration, the IST will run and on its turn will generate a Windows CE Event or Semaphore. In case of _TIMER2 a new one-shot comparator value is calculated and set for the timer. The IRQ of the HPET timers are programmed to IRQ22, but you can choose typically from 20-23. The TIMERn_INT_ROUT_CAP bits in the TIMn_CONF register will tell you what IRQs you can choose from. HPT_IOControl() can be used to set a new HPET counter frequency (actually you configure the counter timeout value in microseconds), start and stop the timer, and request the current HPET counter value. The latter is interesting because the Windows CE QueryPerformanceCounter() and QueryPerformanceFrequency() APIs implement the same functionality, albeit based on other counter implementations. HpetDrvIst() contains the IST code. DWORD WINAPI HpetDrvIst(LPVOID lpArg) { psHpetDeviceContext pHwContext = (psHpetDeviceContext)lpArg; DWORD mainCount = READDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, GenCapIDReg + 4); // Main Counter Tick period (fempto sec 10E-15) DWORD i = 0; while (1) { WaitForSingleObject(pHwContext->g_isrEvent, INFINITE); #if defined(_TRIGGER_SEMAPHORE) LONG p = 0; BOOL b = ReleaseSemaphore(pHwContext->g_triggerEvent, 1, &p); #elif defined(_TRIGGER_EVENT) BOOL b = SetEvent(pHwContext->g_triggerEvent); #else #pragma error("Unknown TRIGGER") #endif #if defined(_TIMER0) DWORD currentCount = READDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, MainCounterReg); DWORD comparator = READDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, Tim0_ComparatorReg + 0); SETBIT(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, GenIntStaReg, 0); // clear interrupt on HPET level InterruptDone(pHwContext->g_sysIntr); // clear interrupt on OS level _LOGMSG(ZONE_INTERRUPT, (L"%s: HpetDrvIst 0 %06d %08X %08X", pHwContext->g_id, i++, currentCount, comparator)); #elif defined(_TIMER2) DWORD currentCount = READDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, MainCounterReg); DWORD previousComparator = READDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, Tim2_ComparatorReg + 0); pHwContext->g_counter2.QuadPart += pHwContext->g_comparator.QuadPart; // increment virtual counter (higher accuracy) DWORD comparator = (DWORD)(pHwContext->g_counter2.QuadPart >> 8); // "round" to real value WRITEDWORD(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, Tim2_ComparatorReg + 0, comparator); SETBIT(pHwContext->g_hpet_va, GenIntStaReg, 2); // clear interrupt on HPET level InterruptDone(pHwContext->g_sysIntr); // clear interrupt on OS level _LOGMSG(ZONE_INTERRUPT, (L"%s: HpetDrvIst 2 %06d %08X %08X (%08X)", pHwContext->g_id, i++, currentCount, comparator, comparator - previousComparator)); #else #pragma error("Unknown TIMER") #endif } return 1; } The following figure shows how the HPET hardware interrupt via ISR -> IST is translated in a Windows CE Event or Semaphore by the HPET driver. The Event or Semaphore can be used to trigger a Windows CE application. HpetTest.cpp (HpetTest.exe)This cpp file contains sample source how to use the HPET driver from an application. The file is part of a separate (smart device) VS2013 solution. It contains code to measure the generated Event/Semaphore times by means of GetSystemTime() and QueryPerformanceCounter() and QueryPerformanceFrequency() APIs. HPET evaluation If you scan the internet about HPET, you'll find many remarks about buggy HPET implementations and bad performance. Unfortunately that is true. I tested the HPET driver on an Intel ICH7M SBC (release date 2008). When a HPET timer expires on the ICH7M, an interrupt indeed is generated, but right after you clear the interrupt, a few more unwanted interrupts (too soon!) occur as well. I tested and debugged it for a loooong time, but I couldn't get it to work. I concluded ICH7M's HPET is buggy Intel hardware. I tested the HPET driver successfully on a more recent NM10 SBC (release date 2013). With the NM10 chipset however, I am not fully convinced about the timer's frequency accuracy. In the long run - on average - all is fine, but occasionally I experienced upto 20 microseconds delays (which were immediately compensated on the next interrupt). Of course, this was all measured by software, but I still experienced the occasional delay when both the HPET driver IST thread as the application thread ran at CeSetThreadPriority(1). If it is not the hardware, only the kernel can cause this delay. But Windows CE is an RTOS and I have never experienced such long delays with previous versions of Windows CE. I tested and developed this on WCE8, I am not heavily experienced with it yet. Internet forum threads however mention inaccurate HPET timer implementations as well. At this moment I haven't figured out what is going on here. Useful references: http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/technical-specifications/software-developers-hpet-spec-1-0a.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Precision_Event_Timer http://wiki.osdev.org/HPET Windows CE BSP source file package for HPET in MyBsp Note that this source code is "As Is". It is still under development and I cannot (and never will) guarantee the correctness of the code. Use it as a guide for your own HPET integration.

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  • SQL SERVER – 2014 CTP1 Available for Download – SQL SERVER 2014 Community Technology Preview 1

    - by Pinal Dave
    Microsoft announced that SQL Server 2014 CTP 1 available to download at TechEd Europe. You can download SQL Server 2014 CTP1 from here. Additionally, there is in depth documentation of the product in the Product Guide over here. In this blog post I have in depth discussed what are the salient features which I was looking forward in the new version. Always On supports now 8 secondaries instead of 4 Online Indexing at partition level – this is a good thing as now index rebuilding can be done at a partition level Statistics at the partition level – this will be a huge improvement in performance In-Memory OLTP works by providing in-application memory storage for the most often used tables in SQL Server. Columnstore Index can be updated – I just can’t wait for this feature (Columnstore Index) Resource Governor can control IO along with CPU and Memory Increase performance by extending SQL Server in-memory buffer pool to SSDs Backup to Azure Storage You can read about the new features of the SQL Server 2014 in the following links: What’s New (Database Engine) What’s New in Analysis Services and Business Intelligence What’s New (Integration Services) What’s New (Replication) What’s New (Reporting Services) Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Service Pack, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: CTP

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  • Upcoming events 2011 IT Camp Saturday Tampa and Orlando Code Camp 2011

    - by Nikita Polyakov
    I’ll be speaking at a few upcoming events: Saturday March 19th 2011 IT Camp Saturday Tampa http://itcampsaturday.com/tampa This is a first of it’s kind – IT Pro camp, a more topic open then many traditional Code Camp and no so much code focused. Here is just a small sample: Adnan Cartwright Administrating your Network with Group Policy Nikita Polyakov Intro to Phone 7 Development Landon Bass Enterprise Considerations for SharePoint 2010 Michael Wells Intro to SQL Server for IT Professionals Keith Kabza Microsoft Lync Server 2010 Overview Check out the full session schedule for other session, if you are in the IT Pro field – you will find many sessions of interest here: http://itcampsaturday.com/tampa/2011/03/01/schedule/   Saturday March 26th 2011 Orlando Code Camp http://www.orlandocodecamp.com/ Just a highlight of a few sessions: Design & Animation Chris G. Williams: Making Games for Windows Phone 7 with XNA 4.0 Diane Leeper: Animating in Blend: It's ALIVE Diane Leeper: Design for Developers: Bad Design Kills Good Projects Henry Lee: Windows Phone 7 Animation Konrad Neumann: Being a Designer in a Developer's World Nikita Polyakov: Rapid Prototyping with SketchFlow in Expression Blend WP7 Henry Lee: Learn to Use Accelerometer and Location Service (GPS) in Windows Phone Application Joe Healy: Consuming Services in Windows Phone 7 Kevin Wolf: Work From Anywhere = WFA (Part 1) Kevin Wolf: Work From Anywhere = WFA (Part 2) Nikita Polyakov: WP7 Marketplace Place and Monetization Russell Fustino: Making (More) Money with Phone 7

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  • NetBeans Podcast #58

    - by TinuA
    Download mp3: 52 minutes – 44.1 MB Subscribe to the NetBeans Podcast on iTunes NetBeans Community News with Geertjan and Tinu NetBeans IDE 7.1 Release Candidate 1 Download the release candidate build Is NetBeans IDE 7.1 release ready? Give your feedback in the NetBeans Community Acceptance Survey. (Survey deadline is Wednesday, December 7th.) NetBeans Governance Board: Term 19 Sven Reimers is voted in for a second term; Zoran Sevarac is the newbie on the board; and John Jullion Ceccarelli continues as the Oracle representative.  NetBeans Calendar Community Interview: Sven Reimers Software architect and NetBeans Dream Team member Sven Reimers joins Geertjan for a recap of highlights and hot topics from Devoxx 2011. Also covered: His re-election to the NetBeans Governance Board. NetCAT 7.1 Report with Jirka Kovalsky The NetCAT program (NetBeans Community Acceptance Testing) is a customary part of the NetBeans release cycle, giving users the opportunity to help test and get the NetBeans IDE release ready. Program manager Jirka Kovalsky reports back on how the team for 7.1 fared. API Design with Jarda Tulach Jarda has a new API Design book coming out! Visit his API Design site for details. Community Interview: Zoran SevaracZoran Sevarac has an impressive profile: Founder of the open-source project Neuroph, a Java frameworks for neural network development; software engineering teaching assistant; founder of the first NetBeans User Group in Serbia; artificial intelligence researcher; NetBeans Platform Certified trainer; new member of the NetBeans Governance Board. Zoran takes a break from his busy(!) schedule to chat about his experience using NetBeans technology, his efforts to educate the local developer community about Java and NetBeans, as well as his newest role in the NetBeans Community. Neuroph: Smart Java Apps with Neural Networks (Dzone article) More DZone articles about Neuroph and NUG Serbia Have ideas for NetBeans Podcast topics? Send them to nbpodcast at netbeans dot org.

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  • C# via Java: Introduction

    - by Simon Cooper
    So, I’ve recently changed jobs. Rather than working in .NET land, I’ve migrated over to Java land. But never fear! I’ll continue to peer under the covers of .NET, but my next series will use my new experience in Java to explore the design decisions made in the development of the C# programming language. After all, the design of C# was based on Java 1.2, and both languages have continued to evolve since then, incorporating modern software engineering concepts and requirements. Exploring the differences and similarities between the two will (hopefully) give us a deeper understanding into why .NET is implemented the way it is, the trade-offs involved, and what choices were made when new features were designed and added to the language and framework. Among others, I’ll be looking at differences in: Primitives Operators Generics Exceptions Accessibility Collections Delegates and inner classes Concurrency In my next post, I’ll start off by looking at the type primitives available in each language, and how Java and C# actually incorporate two different concepts of primitive types in their fundamental language design and use. I’m also thinking of looking at the inner details of Java and the JVM in my blogs, as well as C# and the CLR. If you’ve got any comments or thoughts on this, please let me know.

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  • C# via Java: Introduction

    - by simonc
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/simonc/archive/2013/11/08/c-via-java-introduction.aspxSo, I've recently changed jobs. Rather than working in .NET land, I've migrated over to Java land. But never fear! I'll continue to peer under the covers of .NET, but my next series will use my new experience in Java to explore the design decisions made in the development of the C# programming language. After all, the design of C# was based on Java 1.2, and both languages have continued to evolve since then, incorporating modern software engineering concepts and requirements. Exploring the differences and similarities between the two will (hopefully) give us a deeper understanding into why .NET is implemented the way it is, the trade-offs involved, and what choices were made when new features were designed and added to the language and framework. Among others, I'll be looking at differences in: Primitives Operators Generics Exceptions Accessibility Collections Delegates and inner classes Concurrency In my next post, I'll start off by looking at the type primitives available in each language, and how Java and C# actually incorporate two different concepts of primitive types in their fundamental language design and use. I'm also thinking of looking at the inner details of Java and the JVM in my blogs, as well as C# and the CLR. If you've got any comments or thoughts on this, please let me know.

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  • How do you KISS ?

    - by Conor
    The KISS principal is a highly quoted design mantra. The aim of this principle is to stamp out unnecessary complexity on a project. This is a good thing, saving time, energy and money. It can lead to a relatively stress free implementation and a simple, elegant, maintainable end product. A lot of discussion on KISS provides mechanisms to simplify requirements, design and implementation. Things that spring to mind include: avoid scope creep; simple obvious design and code; minimal run-time dependencies; refactoring to maintain simplicity; etc. However there are a lot of implicit things that we do to KISS. Examples: small team sizes; minimal management layers; tidy desk; mastery of a single IDE; clear concise error messages; scripts to automate/encapsulate tasks; etc The purpose of this question is to derive a checklist of KISS items. I'm especially interested in non-obvious items.

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  • Oracle Sun Solaris 11.1 Completes EAL4+ Common Criteria Evaluation

    - by Joshua Brickman-Oracle
    Oracle is pleased to announce that the Oracle Solaris 11.1 operating system has achieved a Common Criteria certification at Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) 4 augmented by Flaw Remediation under the Canadian Communications Security Establishment’s (CSEC) Canadian Common Criteria  Scheme (CCCS).  EAL4 is the highest level achievable for commercial software, and is the highest level mutually recognized by 26 countries under the current Common Criteria Recognition Arrangement (CCRA).  Oracle Solaris 11.1 is conformant to the BSI Operating System Protection Profile v2.0 with the following four extended packages. (1) Advanced Management, (2) Extended Identification and Authentication, (3) Labeled Security, and (4) Virtualization. Common Criteria is an international framework (ISO/IEC 15408) which defines a common approach for evaluating security features and capabilities of Information Technology security products. A certified product is one that a recognized Certification Body asserts as having been evaluated by a qualified, accredited, and independent evaluation laboratory competent in the field of IT security evaluation to the requirements of the Common Criteria and Common Methodology for Information Technology Security Evaluation. Oracle Solaris is the industry’s most widely deployed UNIXtm operating system, delivers mission critical cloud infrastructure with built-in virtualization, simplified software lifecycle management, cloud scale data management, and advanced protection for public, private, and hybrid cloud environments. It provides a suite of technologies and applications that create an operating system with optimal performance. Oracle Solaris 11.1 includes key technologies such as Trusted Extensions, the Oracle Solaris Cryptographic Framework, Zones, the ZFS File System, Image Packaging System (IPS), and multiple boot environments. The Oracle Solaris 11.1 Certification Report and Security Target can be viewed on the Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC) site and on the Common Criteria Portal. For more information on Oracle’s participation in the Common Criteria program, please visit the main Common Criteria information page here: (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/oracle-common-criteria-095703.html) For a complete list of Oracle products with Common Criteria certifications and FIPS 140-2 validations, please see the Security Evaluations website here: (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/security-evaluations-099357.html).

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  • Evil DRY

    - by StefanSteinegger
    DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) is a basic software design and coding principle. But there is just no silver bullet. While DRY should increase maintainability by avoiding common design mistakes, it could lead to huge maintenance problems when misunderstood. The root of the problem is most probably that many developers believe that DRY means that any piece of code that is written more then once should be made reusable. But the principle is stated as "Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system." So the important thing here is "knowledge". Nobody ever said "every piece of code". I try to give some examples of misusing the DRY principle. Code Repetitions by Coincidence There is code that is repeated by pure coincidence. It is not the same code because it is based on the same piece of knowledge, it is just the same by coincidence. It's hard to give an example of such a case. Just think about some lines of code the developer thinks "I already wrote something similar". Then he takes the original code, puts it into a public method, even worse into a base class where none had been there before, puts some weird arguments and some if or switch statements into it to support all special cases and calls this "increasing maintainability based on the DRY principle". The resulting "reusable method" is usually something the developer not even can give a meaningful name, because its contents isn't anything specific, it is just a bunch of code. For the same reason, nobody will really understand this piece of code. Typically this method only makes sense to call after some other method had been called. All the symptoms of really bad design is evident. Fact is, writing this kind of "reusable methods" is worse then copy pasting! Believe me. What will happen when you change this weird piece of code? You can't say what'll happen, because you can't understand what the code is actually doing. So better don't touch it anymore. Maintainability just died. Of course this problem is with any badly designed code. But because the developer tried to make this method as reusable as possible, large parts of the system get dependent on it. Completely independent parts get tightly coupled by this common piece of code. Changing on the single common place will have effects anywhere in the system, a typical symptom of too tight coupling. Without trying to dogmatically (and wrongly) apply the DRY principle, you just had a system with a weak design. Now you get a system which just can't be maintained anymore. So what can you do against it? When making code reusable, always identify the generally reusable parts of it. Find the reason why the code is repeated, find the common "piece of knowledge". If you have to search too far, it's probably not really there. Explain it to a colleague, if you can't explain or the explanation is to complicated, it's probably not worth to reuse. If you identify the piece of knowledge, don't forget to carefully find the place where it should be implemented. Reusing code is never worth giving up a clean design. Methods always need to do something specific. If you can't give it a simple and explanatory name, you did probably something weird. If you can't find the common piece of knowledge, try to make the code simpler. For instance, if you have some complicated string or collection operations within this code, write some general-purpose operations into a helper class. If your code gets simple enough, its not so bad if it can't be reused. If you are not able to find anything simple and reasonable, copy paste it. Put a comment into the code to reference the other copies. You may find a solution later. Requirements Repetitions by Coincidence Let's assume that you need to implement complex tax calculations for many countries. It's possible that some countries have very similar tax rules. These rules are still completely independent from each other, since every country can change it of its own. (Assumed that this similarity is actually by coincidence and not by political membership. There might be basic rules applying to all European countries. etc.) Let's assume that there are similarities between an Asian country and an African country. Moving the common part to a central place will cause problems. What happens if one of the countries changes its rules? Or - more likely - what happens if users of one country complain about an error in the calculation? If there is shared code, it is very risky to change it, even for a bugfix. It is hard to find requirements to be repeated by coincidence. Then there is not much you can do against the repetition of the code. What you really should consider is to make coding of the rules as simple as possible. So this independent knowledge "Tax Rules in Timbuktu" or wherever should be as pure as possible, without much overhead and stuff that does not belong to it. So you can write every independent requirement short and clean. DRYing try-catch and using Blocks This is a technical issue. Blocks like try-catch or using (e.g. in C#) are very hard to DRY. Imagine a complex exception handling, including several catch blocks. When the contents of the try block as well as the contents of the individual catch block are trivial, but the whole structure is repeated on many places in the code, there is almost no reasonable way to DRY it. try { // trivial code here using (Thingy thing = new thingy) { //trivial, but always different line of code } } catch(FooException foo) { // trivial foo handling } catch (BarException bar) { // trivial bar handling } catch { // trivial common handling } finally { // trivial finally block } The key here is that every block is trivial, so there is nothing to just move into a separate method. The only part that differs from case to case is the line of code in the body of the using block (or any other block). The situation is especially interesting if the many occurrences of this structure are completely independent: they appear in classes with no common base class, they don't aggregate each other and so on. Let's assume that this is a common pattern in service methods within the whole system. Examples of Evil DRYing in this situation: Put a if or switch statement into the method to choose the line of code to execute. There are several reasons why this is not a good idea: The close coupling of the formerly independent implementation is the strongest. Also the readability of the code and the use of a parameter to control the logic. Put everything into a method which takes a delegate as argument to call. The caller just passes his "specific line of code" to this method. The code will be very unreadable. The same maintainability problems apply as for any "Code Repetition by Coincidence" situations. Enforce a base class to all the classes where this pattern appears and use the template method pattern. It's the same readability and maintainability problem as above, but additionally complex and tightly coupled because of the base class. I would call this "Inheritance by Coincidence" which will not lead to great software design. What can you do against it: Ideally, the individual line of code is a call to a class or interface, which could be made individual by inheritance. If this would be the case, it wouldn't be a problem at all. I assume that it is no such a trivial case. Consider to refactor the error concept to make error handling easier. The last but not worst option is to keep the replications. Some pattern of code must be maintained in consistency, there is nothing we can do against it. And no reason to make it unreadable. Conclusion The DRY-principle is an important and basic principle every software developer should master. The key is to identify the "pieces of knowledge". There is code which can't be reused easily because of technical reasons. This requires quite a bit flexibility and creativity to make code simple and maintainable. It's not the problem of the principle, it is the problem of blindly applying a principle without understanding the problem it should solve. The result is mostly much worse then ignoring the principle.

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  • Visual web page designer for Django?

    - by Robert Oschler
    I'm just starting my Django learning so pardon me if any part of this question is off-base. I have done a lot of web searching for information on the equivalent of a visual web page designer for Django and I don't seem to be getting very far. I have experience with Delphi (Object Pascal), C, C++, Python, PHP, Java, and Javascript and have created and maintained several web sites that included MySQL database dependent content. For the longest time I've been using one of the standard WYSIWIG designers to design the actual web pages, with any needed back end programming done via Forms or AJAX calls that call server side PHP scripts. I have grown tired of the quirks, bugs, and other annoyances associated with the program. Also, I find myself hungry for the functionality and reliability a good MVC based framework would provide me so I could really express myself with custom code easily. So I am turning to Django/Python. However, I'm still a junkie for a good WYSIWIG designer for the layout of web pages. I know there are some out there that thrive on opening up a text editor, possibly with some code editor tools to assist, and pounding out pages. But I do adore a drag and drop editor for simple page layout, especially for things like embedded images, tables, buttons, etc. I found a few open source projects on GitHub but they seem to be focused on HTML web forms, not a generic web page editor. So can I get what I want here? The supreme goal would be to find not only a web page editor that creates Django compatible web pages, but if I dare say it, have a design editor that could add Python code stubs to various page elements in the style of the Delph/VCL or VB design editors. Note, I also have the Wing IDE Professional IDE, version 2.0. As a side note, if you know of any really cool, fun, or time-saving Python libraries that are designed for easy integration into Django please tell me about them. -- roschler

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