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  • CentOS 5.5 installation on disk image

    - by Dima
    Today, in order to install CentOS 5.5 I'm using kickstart script. I would like to install CentOS on different way: Create disk image (using dd command) Create filesystem on this disk image using mkfs.ext3 Install CentOS on this filesystem Make this disk image bootable (using grub-install) Copy the disk image to the physical hard disk (using dd command) I know to do all these items except 3. Is it possible to do it? If yes, how can I install CentOS on the disk image?

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  • Bash Script to Back Up Backs Up Itself

    - by Jay LaCroix
    I have the following bash script that creates a tar.gz of my filesystem on a Kubuntu PC. The problem is, that it also tries to backup the tar.gz backup file, even though I am storing the backup in /tmp and omitting /tmp from the backup. I am wondering why it's backing up the file in /tmp even though I told it not to. #!/bin/bash # init DATE=$(date +20%y%m%d) sudo tar -cvpzf /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz \ --exclude=/proc \ --exclude=/lost+found \ --exclude=/sys \ --exclude=/mnt \ --exclude=/media \ --exclude=/dev \ --exclude=/tmp \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Desktop \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Documents \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Music \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Pictures \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Projects \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Roms \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/Videos \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.VirtualBox\ VMs \ --exclude=/home/jlacroix/.SpiderOak \ / scp /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz jlacroix@Pluto:/share/Recovery/Snapshots sudo rm /tmp/`hostname`_$DATE.tar.gz

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  • How to prioritize openvpn traffic?

    - by aditsu
    I have an openvpn server, with one network interface. VPN traffic is extremely slow. I tried to do traffic control with this configuration (currently): qdisc del dev eth0 root qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 1: htb default 12 class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 900mbit #vpn class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 1500kbit ceil 3000kbit prio 1 #local net class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate 10mbit ceil 900mbit prio 2 #other class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate 500kbit ceil 1000kbit prio 2 filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 1 u32 match ip sport 1194 0xffff flowid 1:10 filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 2 u32 match ip dst 192.168.10.0/24 flowid 1:11 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:10 handle 10: sfq perturb 10 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:11 handle 11: sfq perturb 10 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:12 handle 12: sfq perturb 10 But it's still extremely slow. I have an imaps connection that keeps transferring data continuously (I successfully limited the rate) but with openvpn I can't seem to get more than about 100kbit/s The internet connection speed is about 3mbit/s (symmetric) What could be the problem? Does the sport filter work for udp?

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  • OpenVPN: ifup tap0 drops all connections

    - by raspi
    I'm trying to create star shaped "virtual" LAN with OpenVPN which is not connected to physical network. ie. tap0 packets should not go to eth0. Packet should only go through OpenVPN to connected clients. This setup works with my OpenVPN testing machine which runs Virtual Box but not on my actual server which is running on top of Xen. Both servers are running Ubuntu Intrepid. /etc/network/interfaces: iface tap0 inet manual address 10.10.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.10.10.1 /etc/openvpn/server.conf mode server tls-server port 1194 proto udp dev tap client-to-client ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/servername.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/servername.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh384.pem ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt server-bridge 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.128 10.10.10.250 push .route 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 keepalive 5 60 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status /var/log/openvpn-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn.log verb 3 user nobody group nogroup ifup tap0 on Virtual Box: everything ok, SSH keeps running. But on Xen SSH connection drops and I have to reboot whole machine. What I'm missing?

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  • redirect temporarily STDOUT to another file descriptor, but still to screen

    - by Carlos Campderrós
    I'm making a script that executes some commands inside, and these commands show some output on STDOUT (and STDERR as well, but that's no problem). I need that my script generates a .tar.gz file to STDOUT, so the output of some commands executed in the script also go to STDOUT and this ends with a not valid .tar.gz file in the output. So, in short, it's possible to output the first commands to the screen (as I still want to see the output) but not via STDOUT? Also I would like to keep the STDERR untouched so only error messages appear there. A simple example of what I mean. This would be my script: #!/bin/bash # the output of these commands shouldn't go to STDOUT, but still appear on screen some_cmd foo bar other_cmd baz #the following command creates a tar.gz of the "whatever" folder, #and outputs the result to STDOUT tar zc whatever/ I've tried messing with exec and the file descriptors, but I still can't get it to work: #!/bin/bash # save STDOUT to #3 exec 3>&1 # the output of these commands should go to #3 and screen, but not STDOUT some_cmd foo bar other_cmd baz # restore STDOUT exec 1>&3 # the output of this command should be the only one that goes to STDOUT tar zc whatever/ I guess I'm lacking closing STDOUT after the first exec and reopen it again or something, but I can't find the right way to do it (right now the result is the same as if I didn't add the execs

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  • when to set up a mail server?

    - by ajsie
    i've got a web service up and running with apache on ubuntu server in a vps from a hosting company (long sentence:)). i wonder when someone would like to set up a own mail server (postfix + dovecot)? cause i just want to be able to: send emails (account activation etc) to my users with php - the emails have to appear to come from the website's domain receive emails from my users (customer support etc) using Apple Mail/Microsoft Outlook. could this be accomplished with an email hosting company? are there situations i would benefit from setting up an own mail server on ubuntu?

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  • Getting rid of Plesk on a VPS

    - by TomA
    I've been using a relatively expensive VPS for hosting about 30 domains and I want to migrate to a cheaper one, without Plesk. Both use CentOS. My users will not care, they don't use Plesk anyway. But I will not be able to use it for creating new virtual hosts, FTP accounts etc. I'm not a commandline guru, esp. not in a server environment. Is there a free Plesk alternative for these purposes? I need to: Create a new virtual host with it's own FTP account Setup some basic FTP quota I don't need: DNS management (the new VPS service has an external DNS management GUI) Mail server management (I use Google Apps) Any suggestions welcome, from Plesk alternatives to "RTFM" or links to tutorials.

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  • Cron Permission Denied

    - by worldthreat
    good day, I have a bash script in my home directory that works properly from the command line (file structure is default media temple DV. < noted for certain permission issues) but receive this error from cron: "/home/myFile.sh: line 2: /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/subdomains/techspatch/installation.sql: Permission denied" NOTICE: it's just line 2... it writes to the local server just fine. Below is the Bash File: #!/bin/bash mysqldump -uUSER -pPASSWORD -hHOST dbName> /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/subdomains/techspatch/installation.sql mysql -uadmin -pPASSWORD -hlocalhost dbName< /var/www/vhosts/domain.com/subdomains/techspatch/installation.sql can't chmod from bash (lol, yeah i tried). writing the file there and setting the permissions before the transfer is useless... i have googled the heck out of this situation and this one still seems unique.... any insight is appreciated

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  • What is the difference between "su --command" and "su --session-command"?

    - by oliver
    Running # su - oliver --command bash gives a shell but also prints the warning bash: no job control in this shell, and indeed Ctrl+Z and fg/bg don't work in that shell. Running # su - oliver --session-command bash gives a shell without printing the warning, and job control indeed works. The suggestion to use --session-command comes from Starting a shell from scripts using su results in "no job control in this shell" which states "[a security fix for su] changed the behavior of the -c option and disables job control inside the called shell". But I still don't quite understand this. When should one use --command and when should one use --session-command? Is --command (aka -c) more secure? Or should one always use --session-command, and --command is just left in for backwards compatibility? FWIW, I'm using RHEL 6.4.

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  • Millions of SYN_RECV connections, no DDoS

    - by ThomK
    We have such server structure: reverse proxy (nginx) - worker (uwsgi) - postgresql / memcached. All servers are in local network behind router, with NATed external ip:ports (http/s 80/443 to proxy, and ssh 22 to all servers). Problem is, that sometimes proxy server netstat reports MILLIONS of SYN_RECV connections. From same IP / same ports. Like that: nginx ~ # netstat -n | grep 83.238.153.195 tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV tcp 0 0 192.168.1.1:80 83.238.153.195:3107 SYN_RECV [...] And this is not DDoS, because all IPs affected belongs to our website users. On side note, users says that it's not affecting them. Website is online and working, but... that particular one (from example above) told me that website is down and Firefox can't connect. I've done tcpdump. 19:42:14.826011 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:14.826042 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:17.887331 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:17.887343 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:19.065497 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:23.918064 IP 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 1845850583, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:23.918076 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:25.265499 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:37.265501 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:37.758051 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:37.758069 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:40.714360 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:40.714374 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:41.665503 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:46.751073 IP 83.238.153.195.2107 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 564208067, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:42:46.751087 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:47.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:42:59.865499 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:01.265500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:13.320382 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:13.320399 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:16.320556 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:16.320569 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:17.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:22.250069 IP 83.238.153.195.2114 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2136055006, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:22.250080 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:23.665500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:23.865501 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2107: Flags [S.], seq 3188568660, ack 564208068, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:35.665498 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2114: Flags [S.], seq 3754336171, ack 2136055007, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:37.903038 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:37.903054 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:40.772899 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:40.772912 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:41.865500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:46.793057 IP 83.238.153.195.2213 > 192.168.1.1.http: Flags [S], seq 2918118729, win 65535, options [mss 1412,nop,wscale 0,nop,nop,sackOK], length 0 19:43:46.793069 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:47.865500 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.2213: Flags [S.], seq 4145523337, ack 2918118730, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 19:43:49.465503 IP 192.168.1.1.http > 83.238.153.195.zephyr-srv: Flags [S.], seq 2835837547, ack 1845850584, win 5840, options [mss 1460,nop,nop,sackOK,nop,wscale 7], length 0 Anyone have some thoughts on that?

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  • Is there a max thread per mongrel?

    - by Blankman
    I don't know much about ruby, much less how or what is involved with hosting a ruby on rails web app. BUT, I recall hearing someone saying that they have to run multiple mongrels b/c of a limit of 50 threads? Is this true (or something similiar)? Why does it have this limitation?

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  • ssh-keygen works for root only?

    - by Hulk
    Does ssh-keygen -t rsa work if only set for root user i.e, if the username on local system is sodium and i generate the key using the above said command and on the remote system if i place the key in /root/.ssh authorized_keys ,this works. But on the remote system if the key is placed in /home/natrium/.ssh authorized_keys This still prompts for a password.Is this the expected behavior or is that some thing wrong in the above procedure Thanks..

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  • Router failover not detecting outside interface link lost

    - by Matt
    Suppose I have two routers configured in master/slave configuration. They look something like this (addresses are not real ones) 123.123.123.10 <===> [eth0] Router 1 (10.1.1.2) [eth1] ===> +----------+ | 10.1.1.1 | ===> LAN 172.123.123.10 <===> [eth0] Router 2 (10.1.1.3) [eth1] ===> +----------+ The 10.1.1.1 is the default route for the Network (10.1.1.0). What's slightly different in this config to other's I've seen is that I don't have an external virtual IP. Also, the 10.1.1.1 addresses are in real life, public IP's (not private ones shown here). This is more of a router setup than a firewall setup so I'm not using NAT here. Now the issue that I'm having is that I can't see any way to configure UCARP or VRRP to monitor both eth0 & eth1 and fail over to the backup router should either of them go down. What I'm seeing is that if Router1 is the master and I unplug eth0 on router1, it doesn't fail over to router 2. However, it will if instead I unplug eth1 of router 1. In VRRP I see there is a cluster group, but it seems that for this to work you need to have virtual ip's or vrrp instances rather than actual interfaces assigned to it. I hope my explanation is clear. How do I get around this?

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  • Bluetooth not seeing mouse (Fedora)

    - by Chris
    I have a Lenovo S10 'netbook' that I've installed Fedora 17 ("LXDE spin") on. So far pretty much everything works great, except, the on-board Bluetooth. lsusb shows the controller present (0a5c:2101 Broadcom Corp. Bluetooth Controller), hcitool dev shows hci0 present, but when I put my mouse ("Lenovo Bluetooth Laser Mouse," which works perfectly paired with a MacBook Pro, MacBook Air, Mac mini, and Lenovo SL500 (with a USB dongle; running Windows 7)) into pairing mode and run hcitool scan (reports "Scanning ..." and, without further information or error message, returns to the shell prompt), blueman-manager, or bluetooth-wizard (from the gnome-bluetooth package) and try to detect the mouse, I get nothing... Frustrating! Thanks anyone who can point me in the right direction!

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  • getting input/output error from NFS client on RHEL5

    - by Andrew Watson
    i have two RHEL5 boxes on a private network together (192.168.2.0/24) and I am trying to export a file system from one to the other but I keep getting the following error: mount.nfs: Input/output error on the client side I see this output: mount: trying 192.168.2.101 prog 100003 vers 3 prot tcp port 2049 mount: trying 192.168.2.101 prog 100005 vers 3 prot tcp port 960 and on the server side I see this: Sep 20 14:14:32 omicron mountd[18739]: authenticated mount request from 192.168.2.87:635 for /srv/nfs/web (/srv/nfs/web) but that's all. I opened up iptables so that the whole 192.168.2.0/24 network is allowed to communicate freely but the public side is locked down to 22,80 etc.... any ideas?

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  • 2 drives, slow software RAID1 (md)

    - by bart613
    Hello, I've got a server from hetzner.de (EQ4) with 2* SAMSUNG HD753LJ drives (750G 32MB cache). OS is CentOS 5 (x86_64). Drives are combined together into two RAID1 partitions: /dev/md0 which is 512MB big and has only /boot partitions /dev/md1 which is over 700GB big and is one big LVM which hosts other partitions Now, I've been running some benchmarks and it seems like even though exactly the same drives, speed differs a bit on each of them. # hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 25612 MB in 1.99 seconds = 12860.70 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 352 MB in 3.01 seconds = 116.80 MB/sec # hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 25524 MB in 1.99 seconds = 12815.99 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 342 MB in 3.01 seconds = 113.64 MB/sec Also, when I run eg. pgbench which is stressing IO quite heavily, I can see following from iostat output: Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 231.40 0.00 298.00 0.00 9683.20 32.49 0.17 0.58 0.34 10.24 sda1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sda2 0.00 231.40 0.00 298.00 0.00 9683.20 32.49 0.17 0.58 0.34 10.24 sdb 0.00 231.40 0.00 301.80 0.00 9740.80 32.28 14.19 51.17 3.10 93.68 sdb1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sdb2 0.00 231.40 0.00 301.80 0.00 9740.80 32.28 14.19 51.17 3.10 93.68 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 529.60 0.00 9692.80 18.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.00 4.80 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 529.00 0.00 9688.00 18.31 24.51 49.91 1.81 95.92 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 152.40 0.00 330.60 0.00 5176.00 15.66 0.19 0.57 0.19 6.24 sda1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sda2 0.00 152.40 0.00 330.60 0.00 5176.00 15.66 0.19 0.57 0.19 6.24 sdb 0.00 152.40 0.00 326.20 0.00 5118.40 15.69 19.96 55.36 3.01 98.16 sdb1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sdb2 0.00 152.40 0.00 326.20 0.00 5118.40 15.69 19.96 55.36 3.01 98.16 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 482.80 0.00 5166.40 10.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 482.80 0.00 5166.40 10.70 30.19 56.92 2.05 99.04 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 181.64 0.00 324.55 0.00 5445.11 16.78 0.15 0.45 0.21 6.87 sda1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sda2 0.00 181.64 0.00 324.55 0.00 5445.11 16.78 0.15 0.45 0.21 6.87 sdb 0.00 181.84 0.00 328.54 0.00 5493.01 16.72 18.34 61.57 3.01 99.00 sdb1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 sdb2 0.00 181.84 0.00 328.54 0.00 5493.01 16.72 18.34 61.57 3.01 99.00 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 506.39 0.00 5477.05 10.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 dm-1 0.00 0.00 0.00 506.39 0.00 5477.05 10.82 28.77 62.15 1.96 99.00 And this is completely getting me confused. How come two exactly the same specced drives have such a difference in write speed (see util%)? I haven't really paid attention to those speeds before, so perhaps that something normal -- if someone could confirm I would be really grateful. Otherwise, if someone have seen such behavior again or knows what is causing such behavior I would really appreciate answer. I'll also add that both "smartctl -a" and "hdparm -I" output are exactly the same and are not indicating any hardware problems. The slower drive was changed already two times (to new ones). Also I asked to change the drives with places, and then sda were slower and sdb quicker (so the slow one was the same drive). SATA cables were changed two times already.

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  • Debian software raid 1: boot from both disk

    - by bsreekanth
    I newly installed debian squeeze with software raid.The way I did was, as also given in this thread. I have 2 HDD with 500 GB each. For each of them, I created 3 partitions (/boot, / and swap) I selected the hard drive and created a new partition table I created a new partition that was 1GB. I then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /boot and enabled bootable. Created another partition, which is of 480 GB, and then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /. Created another partion and used for swap Then RAID configuration: Through Configure RAID menu - create MD device - (2 for the number of drives, 0 for spare devices) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD0. I selected /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 (for /boot) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD1. I selected /dev/sda6 and /dev/sdb6 (for /) And no RAID for swap partitions 'Finish Partitioning and write changes to disk' -- Finish the rest of the install like normal Everything is ok now, except I am not sure how to test my raid config. When I pull the power of the HDD, it only boots from one disk. I read in some forum that I may have to install GRUB manually on the other. In Debian Squeeze, there is no grub command. Not sure how to make my software raid bootable from both disk. Also, please comment on my steps above. Anything unusual. I configured /boot partitions of both disks to be boot=yes. Not sure whether that is ok. Thanks, Bsr

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  • Running git-svn with cron results in garbage in .git

    - by Paul
    I've setup a git-svn repo with cron to fetch from the svn repo daily. I have a script to do the fetching, and this is what is invoked by cron. Everything is fine with the repo, and the script works fine when executed manually. However, when it runs under cron, empty files get dropped into the .git directory. The files have names that look like they are some base64 output, e.g. juTrvjP6m8 and kcKf3hu3b4. Two of these files show up for every cron run. I thought these might be commit hashes, but they're not, git-show says it's an unknown revision. I set-up the repo as follows: git svn init http://svn.ip.addr/repo git svn fetch svn-remote My script looks like this: cd /gitsvn/dir git svn fetch svn-remote git svn push pub The last line pushes the repo to a separate (bare) public repo from which others can clone. I'm piping the output from the cron job to a file, which looks like this: fatal: unable to run 'git-svn' Counting objects: 21, done. Delta compression using up to 2 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (10/10), done. Writing objects: 100% (11/11), 59.08 KiB, done. Total 11 (delta 8), reused 0 (delta 0) To /gitpub/repo.git 360faf5..a153b0d trunk -> trunk The line "fatal: unable to run 'git-svn'" is alarming, but the fetch seems to go ahead anyway. Any suggestions? Where are these empty garbage files coming from, and how to stop them? Am I in for bigger problems in the future? BTW, I'm using git 1.6.3.3.

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  • Fedora 17 - Can't access remote machine using hostname

    - by Aaron
    I am using Fedora 17 and am trying to access a remote machine (running Fedora 15) using its hostname which isn't working. The machine is right next to me on the same switch as my machine (so they are both on the same network with the same subnet and everything). When I was running Windows (7 32-bit) on my machine I could access the other machine no problem but now that I am running Fedora 17 that's not the case. Is there an additional daemon or something that I need to be using in order for this to work?

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