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• Reason for perpetual dynamic DNS updates?

  - by mad_vs

  I'm using dynamic DNS (the "adult" version from RFC 2136, not à la DynDNS), and for a while now I've been seeing my laptops with MacOS 10.6.x churning out updates about every 10 seconds. And seemingly redundant updates at that, as the IP is more or less stable (consumer broadband). I don't remember seeing that frequency in the (distant...) past. The lowest time-to-live that MacOS pushes on the entries is 2 minutes, so I have no clue what's going on. ... Jan 12 13:17:18 lambda named[18683]: info: client 84.208.X.X#48715: updating zone 'dynamic.foldr.org/IN': deleting rrset at 'rCosinus._afpovertcp._tcp.dynamic.foldr.org' SRV Jan 12 13:17:18 lambda named[18683]: info: client 84.208.X.X#48715: updating zone 'dynamic.foldr.org/IN': adding an RR at 'rCosinus._afpovertcp._tcp.dynamic.foldr.org' SRV Jan 12 13:17:26 lambda named[18683]: info: client 84.208.X.X#48715: updating zone 'dynamic.foldr.org/IN': deleting rrset at 'rcosinus.dynamic.foldr.org' AAAA ... Additionally, I can't find out what triggers the updates on the laptop-side. Is this a known problem, and how would I go about debugging it? One of the machines is freshly purchased and installed. The only "major" change was installation of the Miredo client for IPv6/Teredo, but even disabling it didn't make a change (except that AAAA records are no longer published).

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• Use Mac OS X Server As Development Environment

  - by macinjosh

  I've installed Mac OS X Server 10.6.3 on my laptop to use as my normal OS. I do a lot of web development and thought it would be handy to run OS X Server so I could more easily manage my local development environment (Apache Virtual Hosts, Hostnames for each local site, etc). I'm really enjoying the new setup except for one problem. DNS. My ideal situation would be to add a site (some-site.local) in the Web Service and then go to the DNS Service and add a primary record for the new site. I actually got this working at one point but after a reboot it stopped working! The records look the same as they did before the reboot but the site doesn't come up in Safari. Here is a list of my needs: Need to be able to add new domains at a whim Domains always map to a site on the same box's Web Service Local & External IPs often change It would nice if it worked on any network (i.e. WiFi at the airport or coffee shop) Sites only need to be accessible locally Configuration should stay put even after rebooting I've done some googling and used this as a bit of guide. In the past I've used MAMP and then just a local Apache/PHP/MySQL install with a manually managed hosts file. I'd rather not go back.

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• CNAME rule being ignored

  - by Ben

  On a server with Plesk installed I have added a CNAME rule pointing from one of the sites subdomains to an external website. I have checked the named configuration for that domain name and it shows the CNAME however the sub domain just points to the default server page and ignores the CNAME rule. Named has been restarted and I've also run the rvmng reconfigure-vhost command. I edited another server to test this, on cPanel, and it works fine. The conf file for the domain: ; *** Ts file is automatically generated by Plesk *** $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA ns.example.com. cf.example1.com. ( 1292946742 ; Serial 10800 ; Refresh 3600 ; Retry 604800 ; Expire 10800 ) ; Minimum example.com. IN NS ns.example.com. ns.example.com. IN A xx.xxx.xxx.xx example.com. IN A xx.xxx.xxx.xx webmail.example.com. IN A xx.xxx.xxx.xx mail.example.com. IN A xx.xxx.xxx.xx beta.example.com. IN A xx.xxx.xxx.xx ftp.example.com. IN CNAME example.com. www.example.com. IN CNAME example.com. login.example.com. IN CNAME socialize.gigya.com. example.com. IN MX 10 webmail.example.com. You can see the CNAME rule in the file but it just gets ignored? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• How can i control how much Authority RRs a DNS answer returns ?

  - by Benoît

  Hello, i quite don't understand Authority RRs. Using dig to resolve some random A records, my caching DNS server sometimes also return Authority RRs and sometimes not. The number and the type of the returned Authority RRs also vary a lot. What does control whether Authority RRs are returned or not on a standard client query ? Is it a client or server setting ? What does control how many Authoriy RRs are returned ? What does control of the type of the Authority RRs records returned ? Sometimes it's multiple NS, sometimes it's a SOA. It's also often comes with Additional RRs of type A about the Authority RRs NS returned. I'm really looking for a RFC or kind of describing this. Thanks.

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• Improve performance of bind9 service restart

  - by Jakob

  Hi, I'm setting up a name server hosting DNS for a large number of domains, 50,000 - 100,000 domains. I will be using Bind9 and the service will need to be restarted several times a day. I have made some tests and it seems that restart of the Bind9 service scales very poorly with the number of domains. #domains | restart time ----------------------- 10,000 | 3.1 sec 25,000 | 8.9 sec 50,000 | 50 sec 100,000 | 7:50 min Is there some way to speedup the restart of the service? I have noticed that restart only utilizes one core, is there some way for it to use more cores? The Bind9 version is 9.7.1-P2 with default configuration. The server running Bind9 is a Intel Core 2 Due 2.93 GHz with 4 GB memory and Ubuntu Server 10.10. Any help will be appreciated. Jakob

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• Access internal host from a subdomain of an external dns

  - by Mihai

  This image contains the topology I want to make work. I have a linux server that is used for hosting websites and also routing for our internal network. How can I access the internal server that hosts the team foundation server from outside from a domain like teamfoundation.example.com. The parent domain is hosted on the linux machine, is there a way to NAT the dns queries to the windows server? |LINUX SERVER| example.com | | Windows Server(teamfoundation.example.com) _______|_________SWITCH Internal Network

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• Turn off forcing www.

  - by Kemo

  I have a 'clean' CentOS system with webmin, running Apache2 and BindDNS. When I try accessing the domain without www, I get instantly redirected to www.domain.name, as the Firebug Net console screenshot below displays http://pokit.etf.ba/upload/pokit141661fa46b11782745bb974d5140004.png What I need to know is; which are the most often reasons for this? If you need any more info, cfg or log files, please let me know

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• Seeting up DKIM DNS records from an existing certificate

  - by jneves

  I have successfully setup DKIM with dkimproxy with a self-signed certificate. Now I want to use an existing X.509 certificate. The script that comes with dkimproxy on Ubuntu to generate the DNS records results in the following broken information (only the start): postfix._domainkey IN TXT "k=rsa; p=-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIHCDCCBfCgAwIBAgICP4AwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQAwgYwxCzAJBgNVBAYTAklM MRYwFAYDVQQKEw1TdGFydENvbSBMdG This seems broken to me but I haven't found: what's the format the public.key should be for dkimproxy? how to extract that information from the certificate file?

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• What is the nameserver in soa used for?

  - by John Lee

  Hey can you tell me what the nameserver in the soa record is for? name ttl class rr name-server email-addr (sn ref ret ex min) example.com. IN SOA **ns.example.com** (this nameserver). hostmaster.example.com. ( 2003080800 ; sn = serial number 172800 ; ref = refresh = 2d 900 ; ret = update retry = 15m 1209600 ; ex = expiry = 2w 3600 ; min = minimum = 1h ) ; the following are also valid using @ and blank @ IN SOA ns.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. ( IN SOA ns.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. ( so if I were to add 5 nameservers, and I put the first nameserver on soa, and this server was not working will the user go to the next nameserver?

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• Access Bind9 DNS in Virtualbox on Host

  - by Philipp Melab

  I've set up a Ubuntu 10.04 Virtual Box with a Bind9 DNS server. The Box has a NAT Network connection for internet access and a host-only adapter for static ip connections from the host (OSX Lion). Thats the only way i managed to get internet and static ip inside the box, guess there is a better one ... The DNS works fine from inside the virtualbox, but not from the host. The http and ftp on the guest system is accessible via both addresses, so connection between host and guest are fine i guess. I tried to add both IP's as name servers. I'm completely new to Bind9 and DNS configuration. Anybody has a hint for me whats wrong? Or how i have to configure the DNS server?

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• Wildcard DNS entry to match lang subdomain

  - by Adam Benayoun

  Hey, We have a website www.example.com pointing to x.x.x.1 and a system with multiples minisites all having subdomains.examples.com pointing to x.x.x.2 Basically what we have in place is a wildcard DNS entry who could basically match any possible subdomain, once reaching x.x.x.2, the apache vhost would intercept and basically redirect it to a php script who in turn would know what minisites to serve. On www.example.com however, we server contents which are translates in several languages, until few weeks ago you could switch languages by clicking on a flag and you'd be served with the translated content. The only problem is that the URL wouldn't change and SEO wise this isn't the best solution. Now I cannot change the way subdomain are handled (being redirected to x.x.x.2) since we have hundreds, if not thousands of minisites live. I have to come up with a solution to have language.example.com redirecting to x.x.x.1 and then a rewrite rule who would basically rewrite the fake subdomain into a URL in order to pass the parameter of the language to example.com On solution is to list all possible language as DNS entries right before the wildcard DNS entry. The other solution which I am almost sure is not feasible is to have some kind of regex in a DNS entry matching all subdomain with 2 letters ( en|es|fr|cn|cl etc... ) Any ideas?

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• reverse ssh tunnel listens on wrong interface

  - by Jens Fahnenbruck

  I'm working with a server that is behind a firewall. I have established an ssh tunnel to an intermediate server in the internet like this: remoteuser@behind_fw$ ssh -N -f -R 10002:localhost:22 middleuser@middle But I can't connect directly throgh this server, this doesn't work: user@local$ ssh remoteuser@middle -p 10002 I have to connect in two steps: user@local$ ssh middleuser@middle middleuser@middle$ ssh remoteuser@localhost -p 10002 Output of netstat -l on middle: tcp 0 0 localhost:10002 *:* LISTEN but it should be something like this: tcp 0 0 *:10002 *:* LISTEN how can I achieve this?

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• reverse ssh tunnel listens on wrong interface

  - by jigfox

  I'm working with a server that is behind a firewall. I have established an ssh tunnel to an intermediate server in the internet like this: remoteuser@behind_fw$ ssh -N -f -R 10002:localhost:22 middleuser@middle But I can't connect directly throgh this server, this doesn't work: user@local$ ssh remoteuser@middle -p 10002 I have to connect in two steps: user@local$ ssh middleuser@middle middleuser@middle$ ssh remoteuser@localhost -p 10002 Output of netstat -l on middle: tcp 0 0 localhost:10002 *:* LISTEN but it should be something like this: tcp 0 0 *:10002 *:* LISTEN how can I achieve this?

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• Overwrite SOA expiry in a bind9 slave name server.

  - by Joachim Breitner

  I run a slave name server of a domain that I do not have full control over (i.e. changing the SOA is not possibly). The SOA specifies an expiry time of one week. For various reasons, I’d like to override that value on my specific slave server to something larger. Is there a way to do that? N.B: I know that for the refresh and retry fields, bind9 provides the options min-refresh-time, max-refresh-time, min-retry-time and max-retry-time to overrule the SOA, as mentioned in the documentation. For some reason this just does not inclucde expiry.

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• question about dns

  - by manohara

  how to add multiple domainnames in named.conf file for both forward and reverse lookup zones

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• lots of dns requests from China, should I worry?

  - by nn4l

  I have turned on dns query logs, and when running "tail -f /var/log/syslog" I see that I get hundreds of identical requests from a single ip address: Apr 7 12:36:13 server17 named[26294]: client 121.12.173.191#10856: query: mydomain.de IN ANY + Apr 7 12:36:13 server17 named[26294]: client 121.12.173.191#44334: query: mydomain.de IN ANY + Apr 7 12:36:13 server17 named[26294]: client 121.12.173.191#15268: query: mydomain.de IN ANY + Apr 7 12:36:13 server17 named[26294]: client 121.12.173.191#59597: query: mydomain.de IN ANY + The frequency is about 5 - 10 requests per second, going on for about a minute. After that the same effect repeats from a different IP address. I have now logged about 10000 requests from about 25 ip addresses within just a couple of hours, all of them come from China according to "whois [ipaddr]". What is going on here? Is my name server under attack? Can I do something about this?

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• DNS Issue- Nameserver Issue

  - by Master-Man

  I setup new server on centos 5.3 and configure dns and hostnam using WHM. I also register my new nameservers with my domain registrar with ns1.example.com and ns2.example.com. But i am unable to ping hostname and NS. ping pc2.example.com or ping ns1.example.com I received the below email from server. IMPORTANT: Do not ignore this email. Your hostname (pc2.example.com) could not be resolved to an IP address. This means that /etc/hosts is not set up correctly, and/or there is no dns entry for pc2.example.com. Please be sure that the contents of /etc/hosts are configured correctly, and also that there is a correct 'A' entry for the domain in the zone file. Some or all of these problems can be caused by /etc/resolv.conf being setup incorrectly. Please check that file if you believe everything else is correct. You may be able to automatically correct this problem by using the 'Add an A entry for your hostname' option under 'Dns Functions' in your Web Host Manager. When I issue the command root@pc[~]# host pc2.example.com I receive the below error that Host pc2.example.com not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) I added A entries for hostname and Nameservers but nothing replies. Its almost more than 72 hours for setting & registering nameservers and dns configurations. thanks,

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• PTR and A record must match?

  - by somecallmemike

  RFC 1912 Section 2.1 states the following: Make sure your PTR and A records match. For every IP address, there should be a matching PTR record in the in-addr.arpa domain. If a host is multi-homed, (more than one IP address) make sure that all IP addresses have a corresponding PTR record (not just the first one). Failure to have matching PTR and A records can cause loss of Internet services similar to not being registered in the DNS at all. Also, PTR records must point back to a valid A record, not a alias defined by a CNAME. It is highly recommended that you use some software which automates this checking, or generate your DNS data from a database which automatically creates consistent data. This does not make any sense to me, should an ISP keep matching A records for every PTR record? It seems to me that it's only important if the IP address that the PTR record describes is hosting a service that is sensitive to DNS being mismatched (such as email hosting). In that case the forward zone would be configured under a domain name (examples follow the format 'zone - record'): domain.tld -> mail IN A 1.2.3.4 And the PTR record would be configured to match: 3.2.1.in-addr.arpa -> 4 IN PTR mail.domain.tld. Would there be any reason for the ISP to host a forward lookup for an IP address on their network like this?: ispdomain.tld -> broadband-ip-1 IN A 1.2.3.4

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• *.example.com wildcard domain can be parsed from a single page?

  - by Sean Kean

  For a domain 'example.com' - what is the easiest way to set up a wildcard dns (*.example.com), hosting, and htaccess/httpd.conf/virtualhost, and script on a page so that: how.do.i.setup.a.site.with.wildcards.like.this.example.com or anything.that.is.given.as.a.subdomain.for.example.com is rendered by a page at example.com/index.html - yet keeps the wildcard subdomain in the URL bar and passes the full URL as a parameter for rendering tags in HTML? An example tag is a Facebook comment: { div class="fb-comments" data-href="http://how.do.i.setup.a.site.with.wildcards.like.this.example.com" data-num-posts="2" data-width="500" } I just opened a hosting account with spry.com and have a VPS running Ubuntu 11.04-x86-LAMP - Essentially, what is the most straightforward way of doing this? Thanks so much. (I originally posted this over on stackoverflow but realize its more of a serverfault question)

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• setting up my own name server

  - by mmokh

  I'm in the process of setting up my own name servers using BIND9, however I want to visualize the name server setup in relation to registrars and other name servers. Say I have a domain www.mydomain.com I setup my 2 name servers: ns1.mydomain.com - 192.168.0.1 ns2.mydomain.com - 192.168.0.2 1) How does the world know that my name servers are now at ns1.mydomain and ns2.mydomain. I read about setting up glue records at my registrar. Could you please elaborate on this, i.e. once i setup these glue records, can I now use my name servers in NS records for any other domain? For e.g. NS records for www.otherdomain.com - ns1.mydomain.com/ns2.mydomain.com 2) Given I setup the glue records as mentioned above, do I "have to" update mydomain.com NS records to point to my name servers? Can I keep mydomain.com NS records pointing to my registrars name servers, however use ns1.mydomain.com/ns2.mydomain.com as name servers for any other domain I own? Thanks

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• Other then DDNS, can a fake primary DNS server break anything else?

  - by Nimmy Lebby

  I am aware that the primary server listed in SOA record has to be valid for DDNS to work. Is anyone aware of any other application that uses the SOA listed primary DNS server in one way or the other? By a fake primary server I mean either: Inaccessible by anything else other than secondary servers (this is called hidden primary correct? unsure). A completely fake domain name like dig +short soa spamhaus.org

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• How do I run both Tomcat and PHP on Linux on port 80?

  - by Michael Gaylord

  I would like to host both Tomcat and PHP on port 80 on Linux and I have 2 IP addresses available. I am only using PHP so that I can host some mailing list software, I can map it to newsletter.mydomain.com. So my question is, is it possible to run Tomcat on port 80 on 1 IP address and Apache on port 80 on another IP address?

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• ipv6 reverse DNS delegation

  - by user1709492

  I currently have 2001:1973:2303::/48 assigned to me and i'll be assigning /64's to customer's I'd like to have 1 zonefile for the /48 where i can essentially point / redirect query to different nameservers. Example ( Desired effect ) 2001:1973:2303:1234::/64 -> ns1.example.com, ns2.example.com 2001:1973:2303:2345::/64 -> ns99.example2.com, ns100.example2.com 2001:1973:2303:4321::/64 -> ns1.cust1.com, ns2.cust1.com Current /48 zonefile $TTL 3h $ORIGIN 3.0.3.2.3.7.9.1.1.0.0.2.ip6.arpa. @ IN SOA ns3.example.ca. ns4.example.ca. ( 2011071030 ; serial 3h ; refresh after 3 hours 1h ; retry after 1 hour 1w ; expire after 1 week 1h ) ; negative caching TTL of 1 hour IN NS ns3.example.ca. IN NS ns4.example.ca. 1234 IN NS ns1.example.com. NS ns2.example.com. 2345 IN NS ns99.example2.com. NS ns100.example2.com. 4321 IN NS ns1.cust1.com. NS ns2.cust1.com. Where am i going wrong ? My request seems simple to me atleast. To put it in terms of firewalling i want to redirect traffic client queries 2001:1973:2303:4321::1 - ns3.example.ca sees the request and redirects the query to ns1.cust1.com - ns1.cust1.com answers the query with omg.itworks.ca ( provided ns1.cust1.com is properly configured.

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• Slow website load with CNAME, fast when using IP

  - by Nate Strandberg

  I setup two DNS servers on my network: ns1.byte-werx.com && ns2.byte-werx.com I can ping the DNS servers and get a fairly good response time, when I dig them I also get a fairly reasonable response, but any website I filter through them is painfully slow (an upwards of 20+ seconds) -- verifiable by performing a tracert or attempting to access the URL in a browser. The DNS servers are running CentOS 6.3 and BIND9 with 500MB of memory (I figure that should be more than enough?). I have a reverse look-up zone (1.168.192) along with two website zones (www.byte-werx.com and www.stayhomedental.com) If I access the websites using their IP the page loads nearly instantly so I do not believe the issue is with the hosting server, but that is running Ubuntu Server 12.04 and Apache2 with 12GB memory. Any thoughts? I do not have the named.conf file in front of me but I can edit this post to include it if you feel it would be useful. Thanks for any advice!

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• Configuring Bind9 on ubuntu

  - by Jerry

  I am trying to configure name server on Ubuntu just for learning. I have followed this tutorial. After configuring bind9 I have restarted it and works well. I have no registered domain name and public IP, so I have used a random domain name(khalidiitdu.com) that is not registered. When I dig khalidiitdu.com, it shows status: NXDOMAIN. If I use nslookup command, it shows ** server can't find khalidiitdu.com: NXDOMAIN. Now question is: Is registered domain mandatory to configure bind9 within a LAN? If not please suggest me alternative ways. Thanks.....

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