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• Quick questions re moving to InfoPath forms

  - by sweissman

  Hi there: I’ve been asked to look into how best to move forms into InfoPath and have a couple of basic questions about your experiences so I can get an insider’s lay of the land. Even some short, quick bullets would be really helpful -- thank you! Are you starting from scratch in InfoPath, or are you converting from paper or a different e-format? (Jetform, PDF, etc.) Are you trying to re-create the layout of a specific paper form, or is a regular online form OK? (trying to learn what the latest thinking is about this) Do you need only simple fill and submit capabilities, or do you need programming for calculations, validation, database lookup/entry/reporting, etc. as well? (don’t know how much harder it is to do all this vs. not) How long does each form take to finish? (I know it depends, but is there a rough guideline for planning purposes?) Who’s doing the actual work? (by title or function) What is especially straightforward or challenging about moving to InfoPath forms? (forewarned is forearmed!)

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• How to use interfaces in exception handling

  - by vikp

  Hi, I'm working on the exception handling layer for my application. I have read few articles on interfaces and generics. I have used inheritance before quite a lot and I'm comfortable with in that area. I have a very brief design that I'm going to implement: public interface IMyExceptionLogger { public void LogException(); // Helper methods for writing into files,db, xml } I'm slightly confused what I should be doing next. public class FooClass: IMyExceptionLogger { // Fields // Constructors } Should I implement LogException() method within FooClass? If yes, than I'm struggling to see how I'm better of using an interface instead of the concrete class... I have a variety of classes that will make a use of that interface, but I don't want to write an implementation of that interface within each class. In the same time If I implement an interface in one class, and then use that class in different layers of the application I will be still using concrete classes instead of interfaces, which is a bad OO design... I hope this makes sense. Any feedback and suggestions are welcome. Please notice that I'm not interested in using net4log or its competitors because I'm doing this to learn. Thank you Edit: Wrote some more code. So I will implement variety of loggers with this interface, i.e. DBExceptionLogger, CSVExceptionLogger, XMLExceptionLogger etc. Than I will still end up with concrete classes that I will have to use in different layers of my application.

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• Prototyping Qt/C++ in Python

  - by tstenner

  I want to write a C++ application with Qt, but build a prototype first using Python and then gradually replace the Python code with C++. Is this the right approach, and what tools (bindings, binding generators, IDE) should I use? Ideally, everything should be available in the Ubuntu repositories so I wouldn't have to worry about incompatible or old versions and have everything set up with a simple aptitude install. Is there any comprehensive documentation about this process or do I have to learn every single component, and if yes, which ones? Right now I have multiple choices to make: Qt Creator, because of the nice auto completion and Qt integration. Eclipse, as it offers support for both C++ and Python. Eric (haven't used it yet) Vim PySide as it's working with CMake and Boost.Python, so theoretically it will make replacing python code easier. PyQt as it's more widely used (more support) and is available as a Debian package. Edit: As I will have to deploy the program to various computers, the C++-solution would require 1-5 files (the program and some library files if I'm linking it statically), using Python I'd have to build PyQt/PySide/SIP/whatever on every platform and explain how to install Python and everything else.

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• sum of square of each elements in the vector using for_each

  - by pierr

  Hi, As the function accepted by for_each take only one parameter (the element of the vector), I have to define a static int sum = 0 somewhere so that It can be accessed after calling the for_each . I think this is awkward. Any better way to do this (still use for_each) ? #include <algorithm> #include <vector> #include <iostream> using namespace std; static int sum = 0; void add_f(int i ) { sum += i * i; } void test_using_for_each() { int arr[] = {1,2,3,4}; vector<int> a (arr ,arr + sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0])); for_each( a.begin(),a.end(), add_f); cout << "sum of the square of the element is " << sum << endl; } In Ruby, We can do it this way: sum = 0 [1,2,3,4].each { |i| sum += i*i} #local variable can be used in the callback function puts sum #=> 30 Would you please show more examples how for_each is typically used in practical programming (not just print out each element)? Is it possible use for_each simulate 'programming pattern' like map and inject in Ruby (or map /fold in Haskell). #map in ruby >> [1,2,3,4].map {|i| i*i} => [1, 4, 9, 16] #inject in ruby [1, 4, 9, 16].inject(0) {|aac ,i| aac +=i} #=> 30 EDIT: Thank you all. I have learned so much from your replies. We have so many ways to do the same single thing in C++ , which makes it a little bit difficult to learn. But it's interesting :)

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• What's best choice career-wise, to know a little about a lot or a lot about a little?

  - by nimo

  I work as a developer at a rather small company and we are providing a web application that is used by a big base of customers. Because we are so small everyone have to be able to do a lot of different tasks. It ranges from advanced support, developing the product (programming: c/c++, c#, php, sql, javascript, html, css), handle network configuration and network related issues and even sometimes go on sales meetings with potential customers. My concern is that I don't really specialize in any specific area. I know and learn little about a lot. I have graduated from school two years ago and this is my first real employment and when I look at other positions out there they always require so and so many years of experience in a specific area (for example 5 years of C#). For me to get that kind of specialized experience will be really hard at my current job. My question for you is what is, in your opinion, best choice career-wise, to know a little about a lot or a lot about a little? What path did you take? pros and cons that comes with that choice.

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• Strange Access Denied warning when running the simplest C++ program.

  - by DaveJohnston

  I am just starting to learn C++ (coming from a Java background) and I have come across something that I can't explain. I am working through the C++ Primer book and doing the exercises. Every time I get to a new exercise I create a new .cpp file and set it up with the main method (and any includes I think I will need) e.g.: #include <list> #include <vector> int main(int argc, char **args) { } and just to make sure I go to the command prompt and compile and run: g++ whatever.cpp a.exe Normally this works just fine and I start working on the exercise, but I just did it and got a strange error. It compiles fine, but when I run it it says Access Denied and AVG pops up telling me that a threat has been detected 'Trojan Horse Generic 17.CKZT'. I tried compiling again using the Microsoft Compiler (cl.exe) and it runs fines. So I went back, and added: #include <iostream> compiled using g++ and ran. This time it worked fine. So can anyone tell me why AVG would report an empty main method as a trojan horse but if the iostream header is included it doesn't?

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• Linq Select: Using a value from a list if available

  - by musefan

  I am going to use some basic stripped down examples to illustrate my problem. I have a class: class Item { int ID; bool Selected; } Now lets say I have two lists of the Item class: List<Item> ListA = GetListA(); List<Item> ListB = GetListB(); Now I want to create a third list that has all the items from ListB. The important thing is that if a match (same ID) if found in ListA then I want to use that Selected value, otherwise I want to keep the Selected value of the item that is in ListB. I am creating the third list as follows: List<Item> ListC = from item in ListB select new Item { ID = item.ID, Selected = item.Selected// <-- should use value form ListA if available }; Important: I don't want to seem ignorant, but I do not want to change the way ListC is created. By that I mean I want to use the "linq select" method, and I want to use a "one liner" that assigns the Selected value... I know there are other ways to create the list which will work just fine, but then I won't learn anything new. I have tried a couple of things so far... I know this will work, but I don't want to query ListA twice: Selected = ListA.Any(x => x.ID == item.ID) ? ListA.First(x => x.ID == item.ID).Selected : item.Selected and I also tried using DeafultIfEmpty but I don't think that is the right think for this situation... because it didn't work, and it seems it is more use if ListA was empty (which I don't care about)

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• Glassfish complaining about JSF component IDs

  - by Brian

  Hello All I am very new to JSF (v2.0) and I am attempting to learn it at places like netbeans.org and coreservlets.com. I am working on a very simple "add/subtract/multiply/divide" Java webapp and I have run into a problem. When I first started out, the application was enter two numbers and hit a '+' key and they would be automatically added together. Now that I have added more complexity I am having trouble getting the operation to the managed bean. This is what I had when it was just "add": <h:inputText styleClass="display" id="number01" size="4" maxlength="3" value="#{Calculator.number01}" /> <h:inputText styleClass="display" id="number02" size="4" maxlength="3" value="#{Calculator.number02}" /> <h:commandButton id="add" action="answer" value="+" /> For the "answer" page, I display the answer like this: <h:outputText value="#{Calculator.answer}" /> I had the proper getters and setters in the Calculator.java managed bean and the operation worked perfectly. Now I have added the other three operations and I am having trouble visualizing how to get the operation parameter to the bean so that I can switch around it. I tried this: <h:commandButton id="operation" action="answer" value="+" /> <h:commandButton id="operation" action="answer" value="-" /> <h:commandButton id="operation" action="answer" value="*" /> <h:commandButton id="operation" action="answer" value="/" /> However, Glassfish complained that I have already used "operation" once and I am trying to use it four times here. Any adivce/tips on how to get multiple operations to the managed bean so that it can preform the desired operation? Thank you for taking the time to read.

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• Filtering string in Python

  - by Ecce_Homo

  I am making algorithm for checking the string (e-mail) - like "E-mail addres is valid" but their are rules. First part of e-mail has to be string that has 1-8 characters (can contain alphabet, numbers, underscore [ _ ]...all the parts that e-mail contains) and after @ the second part of e-mail has to have string that has 1-12 characters (also containing all legal expressions) and it has to end with top level domain .com EDIT email = raw_input ("Enter the e-mail address:") length = len (email) if length > 20 print "Address is too long" elif lenght < 5: print "Address is too short" if not email.endswith (".com"): print "Address doesn't contain correct domain ending" first_part = len (splitting[0]) second_part = len(splitting[1]) account = splitting[0] domain = splitting[1] for c in account: if c not in "abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_.": print "Invalid char", "->", c,"<-", "in account name of e-mail" for c in domain: if c not in "abcdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_.": print "Invalid char", "->", c,"<-", "in domain of e-mail" if first_part == 0: print "You need at least 1 character before the @" elif first_part> 8: print "The first part is too long" if second_part == 4: print "You need at least 1 character after the @" elif second_part> 16: print "The second part is too long" else: # if everything is fine return this print "E-mail addres is valid" EDIT: After reproting what is wrong with our input, now I need to make Python recognize valid address and return ("E-mail adress is valid") This is the best i can do with my knowledge....and we cant use regular expressions, teacher said we are going to learn them later.

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• How does PHP interface with Apache?

  - by Sbm007

  Hi, I've almost finished writing a HTTP/1.0 compliant web server under Java (no commercial usage as such, this is just for fun) and basically I want to include PHP support. I realize that this is no easy task at all, but I think it'll be a nice accomplishment. So I want to know how PHP exactly interfaces with the Apache web server (or any other web server really), so I can learn from it and write my own PHP wrapper. It doesn't necessarily have to be mod_php, I don't mind writing a FastCGI wrapper - which to my knowledge is capable of running PHP as well. I would've thought that all that PHP needs is the output that goes to client (so it can interpret the PHP parts), the full HTTP request from client (so it can extract POST variables and such) and the client's host name. And then you simply take the parsed PHP code and write that to the output stream. There will probably be more things, but in essence that's how I would have thought it works. From what I've gathered so far, apache2handler provides an API which PHP makes use of to 'connect' to Apache. I guess it's an idea to look at the source code for apache2handler and php5apache2.dll or so, but before I do that I thought I'd ask SO first. If anyone has more information, experience, or some sort of specification that is relevant to this then please let me know. Thanks in advance!

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• OpenGL ES and real world development

  - by Mark

  Hi Guys, I'm trying to learn OpenGL ES quickly (I know, I know, but these are the pressures that have been thrusted upon me) and I have been read around a fair bit, which lots of success at rendering basic models, some basic lighting and 'some' texturing success too. But this is CONSTANTLY the point at which all OpenGL ES tutorials end, they never say more of what a real life app may need. So I have a few questions that Im hoping arent too difficult. How do people get 3d models from their favorite 3d modeling tool into the iPhone/iPad application? I have seen a couple of blog posts where people have written some python scripts for tools like Blender which create .h files that you can use, is this what people seem to do everytime? Or do the "big" tooling suites (3DS, Maya, etc...) have exporting features? Say I have my model in a nice .h file, all the vertexes, texture points, etc.. are lined up, how to I make my model (say of a basic person) walk? Or to be more general, how do you animate "part" of a model (legs only, turn head, etc...)? Do they need to be a massive mash-up of many different tiny models, or can you pre-bake animations these days "into" models (somehow) Truely great 3D games for the iPhone are (im sure) unbelievably complex, but how do people (game dev firms) seem to manage that designer/developer workflow? Surely not all the animations, textures, etc... are done programatically. I hope these are not stupid questions, and in actual fact, my app that Im trying to investigate how to make is really quite simple, just a basic 3D model that I want to be able to pan/tilt around using touch. Has anyone ever done/seen anything like this that I might be able to read up on? Thanks for any help you can give, I appreciate all types of response big or small :) Cheers, Mark

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• Web Applications Development: Security practices for Application design

  - by Shyam

  Hi, As I am creating more web applications that are targeted for multiple users, I figured out that I have to start thinking about user management and security. At a glance and in my ideal world, all users belong to a group. Permissions and access is thus defined per group (and inherited by the users of that group). Logically, I have my group of administrators, which are identified with a level "7" (integer) clearance. A group of webusers have for example level "1". This in generally all works great for me, but I need some kind of list that I have to keep in mind how I secure my system, and some general practices. I am not looking for a specific environment; I want to learn the why's and how's. An example is privilege escalation. If someone would be able to "push" themselves inside a group with higher privileges, for example the Administration, how can I prevent this, or what measures should I take to have some sort of precaution? I don't like in that case to walk into a caveat. My question is basically: where can I find a good resource, list, policy, book that explains the security of web applications, the why's, the how's and readable if you don't have any experience in the realm of advanced security? I prefer a free resource, as I believe I couldn't be the first one who thought about this. Thank you for your answers, comments and feedback.

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• How to do "map chunks", like terraria or minecraft maps?

  - by O'poil

  Due to performance issues, I have to cut my maps into chunks. I manage the maps in this way: listMap[x][y] = new Tile (x,y); I tried in vain to cut this list for several "chunk" to avoid loading all the map because the fps are not very high with large map. And yet, when I update or Draw I do it with a little tile range. Here is how I proceed: foreach (List<Tile> list in listMap) { foreach (Tile leTile in list) { if ((leTile.Position.X < screenWidth + hero.Pos.X) && (leTile.Position.X > hero.Pos.X - tileSize) && (leTile.Position.Y < screenHeight + hero.Pos.Y) && (leTile.Position.Y > hero.Pos.Y - tileSize) ) { leTile.Draw(spriteBatch, gameTime); } } } (and the same thing, for the update method). So I try to learn with games like minecraft or terraria, and any two manages maps much larger than mine, without the slightest drop of fps. And apparently, they load "chunks". What I would like to understand is how to cut my list in Chunk, and how to display depending on the position of my character. I try many things without success. Thank you in advance for putting me on the right track! Ps : Again, sorry for my English :'( Pps : I'm not an experimented developer ;)

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• SQL problem - select accross multiple tables (user groups)

  - by morpheous

  I have a db schema which looks something like this: create table user (id int, name varchar(32)); create table group (id int, name varchar(32)); create table group_member (foobar_id int, user_id int, flag int); I want to write a query that allows me to so the following: Given a valid user id (UID), fetch the ids of all users that are in the same group as the specified user id (UID) AND have group_member.flag=3. Rather than just have the SQL. I want to learn how to think like a Db programmer. As a coder, SQL is my weakest link (since I am far more comfortable with imperative languages than declarative ones) - but I want to change that. Anyway here are the steps I have identified as necessary to break down the task. I would be grateful if some SQL guru can demonstrate the simple SQL statements - i.e. atomic SQL statements, one for each of the identified subtasks below, and then finally, how I can combine those statements to make the ONE statement that implements the required functionality. Here goes (assume specified user_id [UID] = 1): //Subtask #1. Fetch list of all groups of which I am a member Select group.id from user inner join group_member where user.id=group_member.user_id and user.id=1 //Subtask #2 Fetch a list of all members who are members of the groups I am a member of (i.e. groups in subtask #1) Not sure about this ... select user.id from user, group_member gm1, group_member gm2, ... [Stuck] //Subtask #3 Get list of users that satisfy criteria group_member.flag=3 Select user.id from user inner join group_member where user.id=group_member.user_id and user.id=1 and group_member.flag=3 Once I have the SQL for subtask2, I'd then like to see how the complete SQL statement is built from these subtasks (you dont have to use the SQL in the subtask, it just a way of explaining the steps involved - also, my SQL may be incorrect/inefficient, if so, please feel free to correct it, and point out what was wrong with it). Thanks

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• How to join multiple tables using LINQ-to-SQL?

  - by user603245

  Hi! I'm quite new to linq, so please bear with me. I'm working on a asp.net webpage and I want to add a "search function" (textbox where user inputs name or surname or both or just parts of it and gets back all related information). I have two tables ("Person" and "Application") and I want to display some columns from Person (name and surname) and some from Application (score, position,...). I know how I could do it using sql, but I want to learn more about linq and thus I want to do it using linq. For now I got two main ideas: 1.) var person = dataContext.GetTable<Person>(); var application = dataContext.GetTable<Application>(); var p1 = from p in Person where(p.Name.Contains(tokens[0]) || p.Surname.Contains(tokens[1])) select new {Id = p.Id, Name = p.Name, Surname = p.Surname}; //or maybe without this line //I don't know how to do the following properly var result = from a in Application where a.FK_Application.Equals(index) //just to get the "right" type of application //this is not right, but I don't know how to do it better join p1 on p1.Id == a.FK_Person 2.) The other idea is just to go through "Application" and instead of "join p1 ..." to use var result = from a in Application where a.FK_Application.Equals(index) //just to get the "right" type of application join p from Person on p.Id == a.FK_Person where p.Name.Contains(tokens[0]) || p.Surname.Contains(tokens[1]) I think that first idea is better for queries without the first "where" condition, which I also intended to use. Regardless of what is better (faster), I still don't know how to do it using linq. Also in the end I wanted to display / select just some parts (columns) of the result (joined tables + filtering conditions). I really want to know how to do such things using linq as I'll be dealing also with some similar problems with local data, where I can use only linq. Could somebody please explain me how to do it, I spent days trying to figure it out and searching on the internet for answers. Thank you for your time.

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• Contacts & Autocomplete

  - by Vince

  First post. I'm new to android and programming in general. What I'm attempting to is to have an autocomplete text box pop up with auto complete names from the contact list. IE, if they type in "john" it will say "John Smith" or any john in their contacts. The code is basic, I pulled it from a few tutorials. private void autoCompleteBox() { ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver(); Uri contacts = Uri.parse("content://contacts/people"); Cursor managedCursor1 = cr.query(contacts, null, null, null, null); if (managedCursor1.moveToFirst()) { String contactname; String cphoneNumber; int nameColumn = managedCursor1.getColumnIndex("name"); int phoneColumn = managedCursor1.getColumnIndex("number"); Log.d("int Name", Integer.toString(nameColumn)); Log.d("int Number", Integer.toString(phoneColumn)); do { // Get the field values contactname = managedCursor1.getString(nameColumn); cphoneNumber = managedCursor1.getString(phoneColumn); if ((contactname != " " || contactname != null) && (cphoneNumber != " " || cphoneNumber != null)) { c_Name.add(contactname); c_Number.add(cphoneNumber); Toast.makeText(this, contactname, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) .show(); } } while (managedCursor1.moveToNext()); } name_Val = (String[]) c_Name.toArray(new String[c_Name.size()]); phone_Val = (String[]) c_Number.toArray(new String[c_Name.size()]); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, name_Val); personName.setAdapter(adapter); } personName is my autocompletetextbox. So it actually works when I use it in the emulator (4.2) with manually entered contacts through the people app, but when I use it on my device, it will not pop up with any names. I'm sure it's something ridiculous but I've tried to find the answer and I'm getting nowhere. Can't learn if I don't ask.

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• ASP.Net MVC TDD using Moq

  - by Nicholas Murray

  I am trying to learn TDD/BDD using NUnit and Moq. The design that I have been following passes a DataService class to my controller to provide access to repositories. I would like to Mock the DataService class to allow testing of the controllers. There are lots of examples of mocking a repository passed to the controller but I can't work out how to mock a DataService class in this scenerio. Could someone please explain how to implement this? Here's a sample of the relevant code: [Test] public void Can_View_A_Single_Page_Of_Lists() { var dataService = new Mock<DataService>(); var controller = new ListsController(dataService); ... } namespace Services { public class DataService { private readonly IKeyedRepository<int, FavList> FavListRepository; private readonly IUnitOfWork unitOfWork; public FavListService FavLists { get; private set; } public DataService(IKeyedRepository<int, FavList> FavListRepository, IUnitOfWork unitOfWork) { this.FavListRepository = FavListRepository; this.unitOfWork = unitOfWork; FavLists = new FavListService(FavListRepository); } public void Commit() { unitOfWork.Commit(); } } } namespace MyListsWebsite.Controllers { public class ListsController : Controller { private readonly DataService dataService; public ListsController(DataService dataService) { this.dataService = dataService; } public ActionResult Index() { var myLists = dataService.FavLists.All().ToList(); return View(myLists); } } }

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• Best (Java) book for understanding 'under the bonnet' for programming?

  - by Ben

  What would you say is the best book to buy to understand exactly how programming works under the hood in order to increase performance? I've coded in assembly at university, I studied computer architecture and I obviously did high level programming, but what I really dont understand is things like: -what is happening when I perform a cast -whats the difference in performance if I declare something global as opposed to local? -How does the memory layout for an ArrayList compare with a Vector or LinkedList? -Whats the overhead with pointers? -Are locks more efficient than using synchronized? -Would creating my own array using int[] be faster than using ArrayList -Advantages/disadvantages of declaring a variable volatile I have got a copy of Java Performance Tuning but it doesnt go down very low and it contains rather obvious things like suggesting a hashmap instead of using an ArrayList as you can map the keys to memory addresses etc. I want something a bit more Computer Sciencey, linking the programming language to what happens with the assembler/hardware. The reason im asking is that I have an interview coming up for a job in High Frequency Trading and everything has to be as efficient as possible, yet I cant remember every single possible efficiency saving so i'd just like to learn the fundamentals. Thanks in advance

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• Best way to organize a Go interface

  - by Metropolis

  Hey Everyone, Its been a long time since I have programmed in C++, and if I remember correctly the best way to organize classes was to create your class in the .h file, and then your implementation in your .cpp file. Well I am trying to learn Go now and I was reading over the Go for C++ Programmers article when I came upon interfaces. The article explains that interfaces in Go essentially take the place of classes, and shows how to set them up pretty well. What I am trying to figure out though is how should I organize an interface into files? For instance, should the interface be in one file while the implementation is in another? myInterface.go type myInterface interface { get() int set(i int) } myImplementation.go type myType struct { i int } func (p *myType) set(i int) { p.i = i } func (p *myType) get() int { return p.i } My code here may be wrong since I do not completely know what I am doing yet (and if I am wrong please correct me), but would this be the best way to set this up? Im having a very hard time trying to wrap my head around how to organize code in Go so any help is appreciated! Metropolis

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• Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

  - by user89818

  I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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• How To Run MSBuild scripts in .wixproj?

  - by hisoka21

  Im trying to learn to make a web installer using Windows Installer XML (WIX 3.5). I found this blog about using msbuild in .wixproj files to avoid the scenario where the installer ends up dropping the web project assemblies right in the root of the app instead of keeping them in the bin folder like they're supposed to be. Here is the link to that: <http://www.paraesthesia.com/archive/2010/07/30/how-to-consume-msdeploy-staged-web-site-output-in-a.aspx But after adding the MSBuild scripts in the .wixproj file, I don't know what to do anymore. According to the instruction after adding the MSBuild script: "When that target runs, you'll see a .wxs file pop out in the .wixproj project folder. Add the generated .wxs to your .wixproj project so it knows to include it in the build." I really don7t know what this means. How can I run the target? I tried to build it but there was no .wxs file generated in the .wixproj folder. Am I missing something? Please help...

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• Java side scrolling game on android

  - by hanesjw

  I'm trying to make an easy side scrolling game just to learn the ropes of game programming on android. I came up with a solution of how to make it but I don't really think it is the most elegant solution. I wanted to get some different ideas on how to implement my game, as I really have no other solution right now. Here is a quick explanation of how it works.. I basically have blocks or objects fall from the top of the screen. The blocks are defined from a pre-defined string I create using a custom 'map-editor'. I create all the blocks at compile time, position them on or off the screen and simply increment their coordinates with each iteration of the gameloop. It is actually done a little bit better then that, but that gives a short easy explanation on the basic idea. I heard from a few people that instead of incrementing each block position, have the blocks stay there and simply change the viewable area. That makes sense, but I have no idea how to do it. Can anyone share some ideas or links on how I can implement something like this? I know my current solution isn't the greatest. Thanks!

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• Why initialize an object to empty

  - by ProgEnthu

  I am learning windows programming with the help of MSDN.Why would somebody initialize an object like the following? WNDCLASS wc = { }; Will this zero all the memory of the object? Whole source code is following: #ifndef UNICODE #define UNICODE #endif #include <windows.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); int WINAPI wWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE, PWSTR pCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { // Register the window class. const wchar_t CLASS_NAME[] = L"Sample Window Class"; WNDCLASS wc = { }; wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.lpszClassName = CLASS_NAME; RegisterClass(&wc); // Create the window. HWND hwnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, // Optional window styles. CLASS_NAME, // Window class L"Learn to Program Windows", // Window text WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, // Window style // Size and position CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, // Parent window NULL, // Menu hInstance, // Instance handle NULL // Additional application data ); if (hwnd == NULL) { return 0; } ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow); // Run the message loop. MSG msg = { }; while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return 0; } LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (uMsg) { case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); return 0; case WM_PAINT: { PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps); FillRect(hdc, &ps.rcPaint, (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW+1)); EndPaint(hwnd, &ps); } return 0; } return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam); }

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• How do I become better in math, after being a programmer for several years.

  - by loxs

  I've had quite a weird career till now. First I graduated from a medical school. Then I went into marketing (pharmaceuticals). And then umm, after some time, I decided to go for my (till then) hobby and became a "professional" programmer. I've been quite successful at this ever since. I have quite some languages "under my belt". I earn not bad and I have been involved in the opensource community quite heavily. The thing is that I suck at math :). Well, not totally of course, as I get my work done. But I don't know how much I suck. And I don't know how to find out. Math has never really been of any priority during my middle/high school years. I only picked as little as I could afford, because I was always getting ready to go for Medicine. Of course I know the basics of algebra. Things like "normal" and square equations. Also the basics of geometry. But well, there are things that I have missed. And lately I am being fascinated by things like probability theory, infinity, chaos/order etc. But every time I try to learn something about these topics, I hit a wall of terminology, special symbols, and some special kind of thinking, that is quite like mine (a programmer), but also a lot different (and appears weird to me). So, what kinds of books would you recommend me? It's very hard to find something suitable. All that I find are either too easy (and boring) or totally impenetrable.

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• Ruby on Rails: Uploading a modifed site.

  - by Califer

  I'm having a heck of a time getting a site I modified to work correctly. I didn't set the site up originally, and since the person that set it up no longer works with me I had to learn ruby just to make some changes. I made all the changes in the development server and everything worked fine. Then I did a diff on the production and development and moved only my changes over. Unfortunately when I loaded my changes onto the production server I got a lot of errors. I've changed all of the permissions to 755, which took care being able to access anything at all, but after that I started getting a lot of 500 errors. Nothing showed up in the production.log file. I really have no clue what's going wrong except that perhaps things are not noticing the new changes. I moved the old site to a backup folder, and the new site crashes whenever it goes to anything that I've changed. In particular, I added a link to a new setup with an extra controller/model/view group. It works fine on development but in production it gives me a 404. Yes, I did copy all the files up. I even put everything back how it was, but the website is still showing the broken version of it. I checked the tmp/cache folder but it was empty. Running dispatch.fcgi shows the old site (which I expected) but it still shows the flawed new site when I connect through a browser. I've been tearing my hair out trying to get this to work. Any ideas as to how I can get this to work?

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