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• Is it possible to skip .rvmrc confirmation?

  - by Viacheslav Molokov

  We are using RVM for managing Ruby installations and environments. Usually we are using this .rvmrc script: #!/bin/bash if [ ! -e '.version' ]; then VERSION=`pwd | sed 's/[a-z/-]//g'` echo $VERSION > .version rvm gemset create $VERSION fi VERSION=`cat .version` rvm use 1.9.2@$VERSION This script forces RVM to create new gem environment for each our project/version. But each time we was deploying new version RVM asks us to confirm new .rvmrc file. When we cd to this directory first time, we are getting something like: =============================================================== = NOTICE: = =============================================================== = RVM has encountered a not yet trusted .rvmrc file in the = = current working directory which may contain nasty code. = = = = Examine the contents of this file to be sure the contents = = are good before trusting it! = = = = Press 'q' to exit the reader when finished reading the file = =============================================================== (press enter to continue when ready) This is not as bad for development environments, but with auto deploy it require to manually confirm each new version on each server. Is it possible to skip this confirmation?

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• Can't write to raid on Fedora

  - by 99miles

  I just did a fresh install of Fedora 11 and added Raid 1 following this tutorial: http://www.optimiz3.com/installing-fedora-11-and-setting-up-a-raid-0-1-5-6-or-10-array/ Now I see the filesystem when I open 'Computer' in the GUI, and I open it and see 'lost+found', but i can't write to the drive. The option is simply greyed out. And when I view Properties on the drive and go to Permissions, it says 'The permissions of {driveid} could not be determined.' Any ideas?

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• How to copy remote machines text to local machines clipboard through SSH?

  - by recluze

  I work on a remote machine through ssh. I have a very large text file there (approx. 500 lines) which I usually need to modify, then copy the contents of that file and paste it in my local browser. The way I usually do this is cat filename and then select/copy the ssh output. That takes a lot of time. I was wondering if there is a utility that will put the remote file's contents in my local clipboard.

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• correct routing for multiple devices

  - by helmi

  I have Debian Lenny machine with 3 interfaces enabled (eth0-2), and I have problems as follow. eth1 is connected to a router and this router has portforwarding for port80. eth2 is connected direct to the internet If I open a website hosted on my system via the router it works fine. If I try to open the same via the eth2 connetion it does not! tshark shows incomming trafic on eth2 but nothing goes out there. iptabes accepts all My routing table: Ziel Router Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.9.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 212.236.24.128 * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.9.0.0 10.9.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 default 212.236.024.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 default 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

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• How to prevent Ubuntu from combining networks on 2 NIC server?

  - by SolarPower

  I've got a Ubuntu Server 10.10 with 2 network interfaces with a cable plugged into both going to switches on completely different networks with different routers. One network is the 10.1.10.X network with a separate gateway/router - the server has an IP of 10.1.10.50 with the gateway IP of 10.1.10.1. The other interface is 10.2.10.X, IP 10.2.10.50, gateway 10.2.10.1. All my Mac machines are on the 10.2.10.X network, and all servers on the 10.1.10.X. The ONLY connection between the two is this machine. From a Mac in my office, I CANNOT ping any computer on the 10.1.10.X network except the Ubuntu machine I'm talking about. However, under the Shared column in Finder, I can see every server on the other network listed. That makes me believe that somehow this Ubuntu machine is letting certain requests span both networks, which is a security problem. Hope this is enough info.

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• Xubuntu login hangs after Cancel Button click

  - by akester

  I'm running Xubuntu 12.04 (I installed using the alternative installer.) running in Virtaulbox 4.1.20 My issue is with the login screen (lightdm-gtk-greeter). It usually runs just fine, and allows users to log in and out but it will hang if the user presses the cancel button. The interface is still working (ie, shutdown menu is still available, I can switch to a different tty) but the username or password field (depending on when the button is hit) is disabled. Restarting lightdm will reset the screen, but the problem still exists. The issue is only with the cancel button. The login, session, and language buttons/menus as well as the accessibility and shutdown menu appear to work normally. I've modified some of the config files for lighdm-gtk-greeter, specifically /etc/lightdm/lighdm-gtk-greeter.conf to change the background image and /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf to disable the user list. I did not check to see if the error existed before the changes took place. The changes have been restored the default settings but the problem persists. Here is the output of /var/log/lightdm/lightdm.log when the screen is hung: [+0.00s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/lightdm.log [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting Light Display Manager 1.2.1, UID=0 PID=2072 [+0.00s] DEBUG: Loaded configuration from /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf [+0.00s] DEBUG: Using D-Bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xlocal [+0.00s] DEBUG: Registered seat module xremote [+0.00s] DEBUG: Adding default seat [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting seat [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting new display for greeter [+0.00s] DEBUG: Starting local X display [+0.02s] DEBUG: Using VT 7 [+0.02s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7 [+0.03s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0.log [+0.04s] DEBUG: Writing X server authority to /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 [+0.04s] DEBUG: Launching X Server [+0.05s] DEBUG: Launching process 2078: /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch [+0.05s] DEBUG: Waiting for ready signal from X server :0 [+0.05s] DEBUG: Acquired bus name org.freedesktop.DisplayManager [+0.05s] DEBUG: Registering seat with bus path /org/freedesktop/DisplayManager/Seat0 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Got signal 10 from process 2078 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Got signal from X server :0 [+0.28s] DEBUG: Connecting to XServer :0 [+0.29s] DEBUG: Starting greeter [+0.29s] DEBUG: Started session 2082 with service 'lightdm', username 'lightdm' [+0.36s] DEBUG: Session 2082 authentication complete with return value 0: Success [+0.36s] DEBUG: Greeter authorized [+0.36s] DEBUG: Logging to /var/log/lightdm/x-0-greeter.log [+0.36s] DEBUG: Session 2082 running command /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm-greeter-session /usr/sbin/lightdm-gtk-greeter [+0.58s] DEBUG: Greeter connected version=1.2.1 [+0.58s] DEBUG: Greeter connected, display is ready [+0.58s] DEBUG: New display ready, switching to it [+0.58s] DEBUG: Activating VT 7 [+1.04s] DEBUG: Greeter start authentication for andrew [+1.04s] DEBUG: Started session 2137 with service 'lightdm', username 'andrew' [+1.09s] DEBUG: Session 2137 got 1 message(s) from PAM [+1.09s] DEBUG: Prompt greeter with 1 message(s) [+17.24s] DEBUG: Cancel authentication [+17.24s] DEBUG: Session 2137: Sending SIGTERM

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• calling a different python interpreter from bash command line

  - by Dennis Daniels

  I have python 2.7 installed [user@localhost google_appengine]$ python Python 2.7 (r27:82500, Sep 16 2010, 18:03:06) [GCC 4.5.1 20100907 (Red Hat 4.5.1-3)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. I want to use the python 2.5.2 that is in this directory [user@localhost Downloads]$ ls |grep "Python-2*" Python-2.5.2 Python-2.5.2.tgz to run a python script in Khan Academy platform against a google app engine application sudo python sample_data.py -a ~/workspace/GAE/google_appengine/appcfg.py upload Currently, when running the last script 2.7 python complains a lot (Google App Engine runs on 2.5.2 mostly and 2.6 almost) I would like to do something like sudo python env set ~/Downloads/Python-2.5.2 sample_data.py -a ~/workspace/GAE/google_appengine/appcfg.py upload Is this possible? If yes, please point the way. If not, please suggest a way to call python2.5.2 WITHOUT having to uninstall python 2.7 many many thanks Dennis

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• Instabilities with Bridged and bonded interfaces

  - by Henry-Nicolas Tourneur

  I did post yesterday to get a working setup with several bridged interfaces used for virtual machines (KVM/libvirt). One of the bridged interface is just using eth3 as its ports while the second one (public traffic) is using an ethernet bonded interface. That setup is working but not all the time ! I can start a download from a vm, then it will stop and freeze! So I don't know if my bridge parameters are correct, could you check the below config ? iface eth3 inet manual auto bond0 iface bond0 inet manual slaves eth1 eth2 pre-up ip link set bond0 up down ip link set bond0 down auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 10.160.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.128 bridge_ports eth3 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp on auto br0:1 iface br0:1 inet static address 10.160.0.9 netmask 255.255.255.255 auto br0:2 iface br0:2 inet static address 10.160.0.10 netmask 255.255.255.255 auto br1 iface br1 inet static address 217.4.40.242 netmask 255.255.255.240 gateway 217.4.40.241 pre-up /etc/network/firewall start bridge_ports bond0 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp on auto br1:1 iface br1:1 inet static address 217.4.40.252 netmask 255.255.255.255 auto br1:2 iface br1:2 inet static address 217.4.40.253 netmask 255.255.255.255 And yes, it also sometimes speaks about martian on the host: kernel: [249146.055172] martian source 10.160.0.17 from 10.160.0.10, on dev vnet2 kernel: [249146.073122] ll header: ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:54:52:00:76:c3:5c:08:06

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• Why is (free_space + used_space) != total_size in df? [migrated]

  - by Timothy Jones

  I have a ~2TB ext4 USB external disk which is about half full: $ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdc 1922860848 927384456 897800668 51% /media/big I'm wondering why the total size (1922860848) isn't the same as Used+Available (1825185124)? From this answer I see that 5% of the disk might be reserved for root, but that would still only take the total used to 1921328166, which is still off. Is it related to some other filesystem overhead? In case it's relevant, lsof -n | grep deleted shows no deleted files on this disk, and there are no other filesystems mounted inside this one.

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• How to improve the HTML formatting in Evolution mail client

  - by Tom

  I have a question about viewing HTML emails in the Evolution mail client. Basically, I am receiving some emails that look lovely in Thunderbird but not in Evolution because the HTML rendering of Evolution isn't as advanced. Does anyone know how to improve the HTML rendering of Evolution? e.g. a plugin, tip, code patch, etc... The closest I've got is to right-click the email, "Save As...", save as a html file, then open in Firefox. Not exactly streamline! What emails can't it display well? We use the subversion revision control system which is set up to send an email whenever someone commits via svnnotify all nicely coloured via the --handler HTML::ColorDiff -d parameter. When Evolution fails to use the colours, I find it very had to read the raw diff.

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• Useful command-line aliases?

  - by MiffTheFox

  I've been wondering what command-line aliases (such as in bash, or just even .bat files under Windows) you can't live without? I'll start off with my favourite: alias q=exit

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• Using Squid on Debian, Cannot Connect Error

  - by Zed Said

  I am trying to set up Squid on Debian and am getting a connection refused error: squidclient http://www.apple.com/ > test client: ERROR: Cannot connect to 127.0.0.1:3128: Connection refused Here is my config: visible_hostname none cache_effective_user proxy cache_effective_group proxy cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 2048 16 256 cache_mem 512 MB cache_access_log /var/log/squid/access.log emulate_httpd_log on strip_query_terms off read_ahead_gap 128 Kb collapsed_forwarding on refresh_stale_hit 30 seconds retry_on_error on maximum_object_size_in_memory 1 MB acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 acl purgehosts src 127.0.0.1/255.255.255.255 # Caching static objects in __data is important. # Without that, apache processes sit around spooling static objects. acl QUERY urlpath_regex /cgi-bin/ /_edit /_admin /_login /_nocache /_recache /__lib /__fudge acl PURGE method PURGE acl POST method POST cache deny QUERY cache deny POST http_access allow PURGE purgehosts http_access deny PURGE http_access allow all http_port 127.0.0.1:80 http_port 50.56.206.139:80 cache_peer 127.0.0.1 parent 80 0 originserver no-query no-digest default redirect_rewrites_host_header off read_ahead_gap 128 Kb shutdown_lifetime 5 seconds Any ideas why this is happening? What have I missed?

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• Is it possible for root to execute a command as non-root

  - by adnan kamili

  I am root user and suppose i want to run any application as another user. is it possible, without switching to another user. Something like # google-chrome user=abc I am actually executing a cli program as a non root user. I have set the sticky bit on and i am using setuid. So the program runs with root privileges. Now i am using system() with in the program to invoke gui app. But i dont want to run it as root. so i want to temporarily drop root privileges only for that call.

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• elilo commandline boot config that includes spaces

  - by qdot

  I've got an elilo (EFI LILO) config file that includes spaces in the label - like that: image=/EFI/gentoo/boot/kernel-genkernel-ia64-3.1.6-gentoo label="Gentoo IA64 3.1.6" append="real_root=/dev/sda2" initrd=/EFI/gentoo/boot/initramfs-genkernel-ia64-3.1.6-gentoo read-only How can I select this label from ELILO's command line - the usual suspects: Gentoo IA64 3.1.6 "Gentoo IA64 3.1.6" 'Gentoo IA64 3.1.6' Gentoo\ IA64\ 3.1.6 all fail with the Kernel file not found Gentoo/"Gentoo/'Gentoo/Gentoo\" kind of error. Surely there must be a way to use a 'space' without making it a parameter delimeter?

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• multicast tcpdump and subscriptions

  - by Karoly Horvath

  From the multicast howto: IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP. Recall that you need to tell the kernel which multicast groups you are interested in. If no process is interested in a group, packets destined to it that arrive to the host are discarded. If you don't do that, you won't see those packets with tcpdump. Is it possible to subscribe to all multicast traffic so I can do a tcpdump for all existing traffic? I would think IGMP doesn't allow this, so probably not.. but maybe you can configure a switch to still send all multicast traffic. Is that possible? Is it possible to do subscription (for a specific IP) with a command line tool? (note: I know how to do this in C.. but would prefer to use an existing tool and not compile a separate program for this)

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• Bash Script Exits su or ssh Session Rather than Script

  - by Russ

  I am using CentOS 5.4. I created a bash script that does some checking before running any commands. If the check fails, it will simply exit 0. The problem I am having is that on our server, the script will exit the su or ssh session when the exit 0 is called. #!/bin/bash # check if directory has contents and exit if none if [ -z "`ls /ebs_raid/import/*.txt 2>/dev/null`" ]; then echo "ok" exit 0 fi here is the output: [root@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]# . test.sh ok [russ@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]$ as you can see, I was removed from my sudo session, if I wasn't in the sudo session, it would have logged me out of my ssh session. I am not sure what I am doing wrong here or where to start.

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• Best option for storage clustering

  - by sam

  I'm working on an application that requires a large amount of storage space and I want to handle storage 'in-house' (Much cheaper than, say, S3) so we will have multiple servers (Initially 4) with large amounts of storage (6TB each). The storage will need to be very flexible and configurable, each piece of data should be replicated on at least 2 servers and must be easily readable/writable from ether an API of a UNIX device/file/folder like a normal drive, I don't mind which. We must also be able to easily offload content to our HTTP CDN (Edgecast), it doesn't need to have built in HTTP support but if it doesn't I'm going to have to write something to get the files onto HTTP so they can be pulled by the CDN. I've looked at a lot of solutions including Eucalyptus Walrus OpenStack Object Storage MogileFS and some others which I can't remember All the servers will be running RHEL 6, they have 4x1.5TB drives which will be RAID1'd into a single partition. All the servers have 1GB/s connections between them and 100MB/s connections to the internet with unlimited bandwidth. They have 2x2.66ghz processors. I understand there isn't a single, perfect answer but it would be nice to get some pointers.

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• 2 nics. 2 Defaults Gateways

  - by andre.dias

  Here is my scenario: i have this server with 2 nics, each one with different IPs, connected to differents routers. Almost everything is configured whe way i need. Traffic coming from eth0 exits using eth0, traffic coming from eth1 exits using eth1. And there is a default gateway configured. $route: default IP 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 With this configuration, the traffic generated in the server is going out using eth0 (lynx www.google.com for example). The problem is: the Internet link from eth0 went down today. The traffic coming from eth1 was ok...no problem. But the traffic generated in the server was a problem...the default gateway was out...no access do the Internet anymore (no more lynx www.google.com) So i added a new default gateway configuration, pointing to eth1. For 30 minutes i kept that way...2 default gateways, but just one was "working"...and everything was working just fine. But then i removed de eth0 gateway entry because, well, 2 default gateways is kind of weird. My question: is there any problem on keeping these 2 default gateways, one for each? So i don´t need to do nothing when one link go down again? $route: default IP1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 default IP2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

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• "mv: cannot stat file" in for loop

  - by F.C.

  I wanted to rename a lot of files with a pattern so I tried this for loop: $ for f in *; do mv \""$f"\" \""HouseMD-S06E${f#*Episode }"\"; done But I got this error: mv: cannot stat `"House MD Season 6 Episode 01 - Broken (Parts 1 & 2).avi"': No such file or directory So what I did was echo the mv commands to a file like this: $ for f in *; do echo mv \""$f"\" \""HouseMD-S06E${f#*Episode }"\">>mv.txt; done And the run the file with source. Any ideas why the first for didn't work and how can I fix it?

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• Can I completely remove the Windows DNS in favour of BIND9 in an AD network?

  - by Vinícius Ferrão

  I would like to remove the DNS feature of Windows Domain Controllers and point the DNS servers to our BIND9 servers. I know it's possible to setup coexistence but this requires a number of extra Windows DNS Servers equals to the number of Domain Controllers in the network. Active Directory expects the _msdcs zone and other things like _tcp, _udp; etc. The main question is: how to make BIND9 takes care of all this AD specific data? And with dynamic updating to make AD even more happier. Thanks, PS: Making BIND9 points to the Windows DNS Servers to resolve the Active Directory specific zones isn't an option. We already do this... EDIT: As today, I'm running without Windows DNS. I'm writing up a guide on how to do this, and I'll update this topic.

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• Change the default route without affecting existing TCP connections

  - by Patrick Horn

  Let's say I have two public network addresses on my server: one NAT through an ISP (192.168.99.0/24), and a VPN through a different ISP (192.168.1.0/24), already configured with a per-host route to the VPN server through my ISP. Here is my initial routing table. I am currently routing through my ISP on subnet 192.168.99.0/24. $ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.99.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 55.66.77.88 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 Now, I want new TCP connections to switch to my 192.168.1.0/24 so I type the following: $ route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 dev tap0 When I do this, it causes some long-standing TCP connections to hang. Is there a way to I safely change the default interface for new connections, while allowing existing TCP connections to use the old route (i.e. do I need enable some sort of stateful routing table)? I am okay with a solution that only works with established TCP connections, and I don't care how hacky it is. For example, if there is a way to add temporary iptables rules for existing connections to force them over the old route. But there has to be some way to do this. EDIT: Just a note about a simple "route add -host ... " for existing connections: this solution would work if I am fine with leaving a subset of IPs on the old interface. However, in my application, this actually doesn't solve my problem because I want to allow new connections to come on the new interface even if they have the same source IP. I'm now looking at using the "ip route" command to set source-based routing rules.

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• needing storage integrity (write/read) test - for BASH

  - by Mr. Bash

  In need of shell scripts / bash commands to verify data integrity of local harddrives, usb-drives, etc, ... Like the famous www.heise.de/download/h2testw; or something that is at least common within repositories. (h2testw writes a specific datastring over and over onto the medium, then reads it again to verify if it was written correctly and displays write/read time/speed.) please no dd if=/dev/random of=/dev/sdx bs=1k && dd if=/dev/sdx of=/dev/null bs=1k since it won't verify if everything was written correctly. It is only a test if read/write is successful to the device. So far, I'm not too happy with badblocks -w -v /dev/sdx1 either, since it seems rather slow and I don't know what it exactly writes, and if it considers wear-leveling on flash media. There is also a program named F3 http://oss.digirati.com.br/f3/ that needs to be compiled. Designed after h2testw, the concept sounds interesting, i'd just rather have it as a ready to go bash script.

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• sendmail redhat

  - by lepricon123

  For some reason even after providing the sender's from adress my mails are not being delivered as from is missing as below maillog. Any suggestions? May 8 20:08:43 tawq02 sendmail[13443]: o4938hJD013443: ruleset=check_mail, arg1=<{}, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1], reject=553 5.5.4 <{}... Domain name required for sender address {} May 8 20:08:43 tawq02 sendmail[13443]: o4938hJD013443: from=<{}, size=0, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]

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• What's the best way of handling permissions for apache2's user www-data in /var/www ?

  - by gyaresu

  Has anyone got a nice solution for handling files in /var/www/ ? We're running Name Based Virtual Hosts and the apache2 user is 'www-data' We've got two regular users & root. So when messing with files in /var/www ,rather than having to... chown -R www-data:www-data ...all the time, what's a good way of handling this? Supplementary question. How hardcore do you then go on permissions? This one has always been a problem in collaborative development environments. Cheers.

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• Ubuntu, trouble getting back from lock screen

  - by Navid

  My problem is that after being idle for a while, the screen is locked and after this happened I get a black screen from which I can't get rid of. I mean after black screen comes, typing and moving mouse does not bring any new screen, and even alt+ctrl+F1 to F7 changes nothing. All I can do is to restart the system. Can anybody help me with this?

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