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• Is this crash in libdispatch caused by Reachability?

  - by esilver

  Can anyone tell me if this crashing stack appears to be caused by Reachability? I am running apple's latest implementation of Reachability, downloadable at https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/samplecode/reachability/Introduction/Intro.html I have an app where ARC is not enabled by default (it is a legacy app) but I enable it on a per-file basis. I have enabled -fobjc-arc for Reachability.m When I look at these threads, my code is nowhere to be found. I see some activity happening because of a WebHTMLView (probably the ad network view code currently on screen; it's not mine). On Thread 10, I see a SCNetworkReachabilityDeallocate, then a dispatch_semaphore_wait_slow, and the crash happens on Thread 14 in libdispatch. Do you think this crash is being caused by that Reachability code, and have I erred in using -fobjc-arc with Reachability.m? Exception Type: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGSEGV) Exception Subtype: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x2000000c Triggered by Thread: 14 Thread 0: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0cc2 __CFRunLoopRun + 858 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 GraphicsServices 0x340822e6 GSEventRunModal + 134 7 UIKit 0x31c021e0 UIApplicationMain + 1132 8 MyApp 0x00053ad4 main (main.m:33) 9 libdyld.dylib 0x39c0bab4 start + 0 Thread 1: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf838 kevent64 + 24 1 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfe0d0 _dispatch_mgr_invoke + 228 2 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf863e _dispatch_mgr_thread + 34 Thread 2 name: com.apple.NSURLConnectionLoader Thread 2: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cb0910 close + 8 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f370ef6 CFSocketInvalidate + 434 2 CFNetwork 0x2f0122a2 Schedulables::_SchedulablesInvalidateApplierFunction(void const*, void*) + 14 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 4 CFNetwork 0x2f011a94 SocketStream::close(void const*) + 280 5 CFNetwork 0x2f01194e CoreStreamBase::_streamInterface_Close() + 46 6 CFNetwork 0x2f030286 HTTPReadFilter::_streamImpl_Close() + 66 7 CFNetwork 0x2f01194e CoreStreamBase::_streamInterface_Close() + 46 8 CFNetwork 0x2f0301c6 NetConnection::shutdownConnectionStreams() + 98 9 CFNetwork 0x2f0309c8 NetConnection::closeStreamsIfPossibleOrSignalThatThatNeedsToBeDonePrettyPlease() + 56 10 CFNetwork 0x2f030d12 HTTPConnectionCacheEntry::removeUnauthConnection(NetConnection*) + 182 11 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 12 CFNetwork 0x2f075678 HTTPConnectionCacheEntry::purgeIdleConnections(double, double) + 256 13 CFNetwork 0x2f030ad4 HTTPConnectionCache::performIdleSweep() + 156 14 CFNetwork 0x2f073b42 HTTPConnectionCache::timeoutIdleCellConnections() + 18 15 CFNetwork 0x2f0b3394 ___ZNK17CoreSchedulingSet13_performAsyncEPKcU13block_pointerFvvE_block_invoke + 16 16 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 17 CFNetwork 0x2f019f10 RunloopBlockContext::perform() + 160 18 CFNetwork 0x2f019de2 MultiplexerSource::perform() + 218 19 CFNetwork 0x2f019c70 MultiplexerSource::_perform(void*) + 44 20 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2f24 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 12 21 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e23ea __CFRunLoopDoSources0 + 202 22 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0bda __CFRunLoopRun + 626 23 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 24 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 25 Foundation 0x2fd8664c +[NSURLConnection(Loader) _resourceLoadLoop:] + 316 26 Foundation 0x2fdfbdc2 __NSThread__main__ + 1058 27 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 28 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 29 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 3 name: WebThread Thread 3: 0 CoreGraphics 0x2f49163c CGRectIsEmpty + 0 1 WebCore 0x37291700 -[WAKView setNeedsDisplayInRect:] + 76 2 WebKit 0x37cad22a -[WebHTMLView setNeedsDisplayInRect:] + 214 3 WebCore 0x372915cc WebCore::ScrollView::platformRepaintContentRectangle(WebCore::IntRect const&, bool) + 148 4 WebCore 0x37291412 WebCore::ScrollView::repaintContentRectangle(WebCore::IntRect const&, bool) + 98 5 WebCore 0x37291272 WebCore::FrameView::doDeferredRepaints() + 90 6 WebCore 0x372dc96c WebCore::FrameView::layout(bool) + 1748 7 WebCore 0x3721fb94 WebCore::ThreadTimers::sharedTimerFiredInternal() + 132 8 WebCore 0x3721fae6 WebCore::timerFired(__CFRunLoopTimer*, void*) + 22 9 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2e84 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_TIMER_CALLBACK_FUNCTION__ + 12 10 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2a9e __CFRunLoopDoTimer + 790 11 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0e26 __CFRunLoopRun + 1214 12 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 13 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 14 WebCore 0x372ae7d8 RunWebThread(void*) + 416 15 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 16 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 17 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 4: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 libAVFAudio.dylib 0x2e3295ae GenericRunLoopThread::Entry(void*) + 126 7 libAVFAudio.dylib 0x2e31dbf4 CAPThread::Entry(CAPThread*) + 176 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 5 name: JavaScriptCore::BlockFree Thread 5: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc1f38 __psynch_cvwait + 24 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28262 _pthread_cond_wait + 538 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d2903c pthread_cond_wait + 36 3 JavaScriptCore 0x3036f408 JSC::BlockAllocator::blockFreeingThreadMain() + 204 4 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 5 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 6 name: JavaScriptCore::Marking Thread 6: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc1f38 __psynch_cvwait + 24 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28262 _pthread_cond_wait + 538 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d2903c pthread_cond_wait + 36 3 JavaScriptCore 0x3050daf2 JSC::GCThread::waitForNextPhase() + 74 4 JavaScriptCore 0x3050db4c JSC::GCThread::gcThreadMain() + 48 5 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 7 name: com.apple.CFSocket.private Thread 7: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2440 select$DARWIN_EXTSN + 20 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e645e __CFSocketManager + 482 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 3 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 4 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 8 name: AFNetworking Thread 8: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 Foundation 0x2fd39822 -[NSRunLoop(NSRunLoop) runMode:beforeDate:] + 250 7 Foundation 0x2fd8a664 -[NSRunLoop(NSRunLoop) run] + 76 8 MyApp 0x002c33d0 +[AFURLConnectionOperation networkRequestThreadEntryPoint:] (AFURLConnectionOperation.m:184) 9 Foundation 0x2fdfbdc2 __NSThread__main__ + 1058 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 11 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 12 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 9 name: WebCore: CFNetwork Loader Thread 9: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 WebCore 0x372f7872 WebCore::runLoaderThread(void*) + 250 7 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 10: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafad4 semaphore_wait_trap + 8 1 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfcdec _dispatch_semaphore_wait_slow + 172 2 libxpc.dylib 0x39d370d6 xpc_connection_send_message_with_reply_sync + 150 3 SystemConfiguration 0x31b77362 _reach_server_target_remove + 90 4 SystemConfiguration 0x31b772d2 __SCNetworkReachabilityServer_targetRemove + 38 5 SystemConfiguration 0x31b5e318 __SCNetworkReachabilityDeallocate + 92 6 CoreFoundation 0x2f347efc CFRelease + 464 7 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc7e0 _dispatch_root_queue_drain + 220 8 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc9cc _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 52 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26dfc _pthread_wqthread + 296 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 11: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2c7c __workq_kernreturn + 8 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26e06 _pthread_wqthread + 306 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 12: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2c7c __workq_kernreturn + 8 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26e06 _pthread_wqthread + 306 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 13: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f38f1a6 CFRunLoopRun + 94 6 CoreMotion 0x2fa03394 ___lldb_unnamed_function1407$$CoreMotion + 724 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 14 Crashed: 0 libobjc.A.dylib 0x3970db66 objc_msgSend + 6 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f347f58 CFRelease + 556 2 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf7100 _dispatch_call_block_and_release + 8 3 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfbe72 _dispatch_queue_drain + 370 4 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf8f96 _dispatch_queue_invoke + 38 5 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc74e _dispatch_root_queue_drain + 74 6 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc9cc _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 52 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26dfc _pthread_wqthread + 296 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4

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• Blackjack game reshuffling problem-edited

  - by Jam

  I am trying to make a blackjack game where before each new round, the program checks to make sure that the deck has 7 cards per player. And if it doesn't, the deck clears, repopulates, and reshuffles. I have most of the problem down, but for some reason at the start of every deal it reshuffles the deck more than once, and I can't figure out why. Help, please. Here's what I have so far: (P.S. the imported cards and games modules aren't part of the problem, I'm fairly sure my problem lies in the deal() function of my BJ_Deck class.) import cards, games class BJ_Card(cards.Card): """ A Blackjack Card. """ ACE_VALUE = 1 def get_value(self): if self.is_face_up: value = BJ_Card.RANKS.index(self.rank) + 1 if value > 10: value = 10 else: value = None return value value = property(get_value) class BJ_Deck(cards.Deck): """ A Blackjack Deck. """ def populate(self): for suit in BJ_Card.SUITS: for rank in BJ_Card.RANKS: self.cards.append(BJ_Card(rank, suit)) def deal(self, hands, per_hand=1): for rounds in range(per_hand): if len(self.cards)>=7*(len(hands)): print "Reshuffling the deck." self.cards=[] self.populate() self.shuffle() for hand in hands: top_card=self.cards[0] self.give(top_card, hand) class BJ_Hand(cards.Hand): """ A Blackjack Hand. """ def __init__(self, name): super(BJ_Hand, self).__init__() self.name = name def __str__(self): rep = self.name + ":\t" + super(BJ_Hand, self).__str__() if self.total: rep += "(" + str(self.total) + ")" return rep def get_total(self): # if a card in the hand has value of None, then total is None for card in self.cards: if not card.value: return None # add up card values, treat each Ace as 1 total = 0 for card in self.cards: total += card.value # determine if hand contains an Ace contains_ace = False for card in self.cards: if card.value == BJ_Card.ACE_VALUE: contains_ace = True # if hand contains Ace and total is low enough, treat Ace as 11 if contains_ace and total <= 11: # add only 10 since we've already added 1 for the Ace total += 10 return total total = property(get_total) def is_busted(self): return self.total > 21 class BJ_Player(BJ_Hand): """ A Blackjack Player. """ def is_hitting(self): response = games.ask_yes_no("\n" + self.name + ", do you want a hit? (Y/N): ") return response == "y" def bust(self): print self.name, "busts." self.lose() def lose(self): print self.name, "loses." def win(self): print self.name, "wins." def push(self): print self.name, "pushes." class BJ_Dealer(BJ_Hand): """ A Blackjack Dealer. """ def is_hitting(self): return self.total < 17 def bust(self): print self.name, "busts." def flip_first_card(self): first_card = self.cards[0] first_card.flip() class BJ_Game(object): """ A Blackjack Game. """ def __init__(self, names): self.players = [] for name in names: player = BJ_Player(name) self.players.append(player) self.dealer = BJ_Dealer("Dealer") self.deck = BJ_Deck() self.deck.populate() self.deck.shuffle() def get_still_playing(self): remaining = [] for player in self.players: if not player.is_busted(): remaining.append(player) return remaining # list of players still playing (not busted) this round still_playing = property(get_still_playing) def __additional_cards(self, player): while not player.is_busted() and player.is_hitting(): self.deck.deal([player]) print player if player.is_busted(): player.bust() def play(self): # deal initial 2 cards to everyone self.deck.deal(self.players + [self.dealer], per_hand = 2) self.dealer.flip_first_card() # hide dealer's first card for player in self.players: print player print self.dealer # deal additional cards to players for player in self.players: self.__additional_cards(player) self.dealer.flip_first_card() # reveal dealer's first if not self.still_playing: # since all players have busted, just show the dealer's hand print self.dealer else: # deal additional cards to dealer print self.dealer self.__additional_cards(self.dealer) if self.dealer.is_busted(): # everyone still playing wins for player in self.still_playing: player.win() else: # compare each player still playing to dealer for player in self.still_playing: if player.total > self.dealer.total: player.win() elif player.total < self.dealer.total: player.lose() else: player.push() # remove everyone's cards for player in self.players: player.clear() self.dealer.clear() def main(): print "\t\tWelcome to Blackjack!\n" names = [] number = games.ask_number("How many players? (1 - 7): ", low = 1, high = 8) for i in range(number): name = raw_input("Enter player name: ") names.append(name) print game = BJ_Game(names) again = None while again != "n": game.play() again = games.ask_yes_no("\nDo you want to play again?: ") main() raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.") Since someone decided to call this 'psychic-debugging', I'll go ahead and tell you what the modules are then. Here's the cards module: class Card(object): """ A playing card. """ RANKS = ["A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "J", "Q", "K"] SUITS = ["c", "d", "h", "s"] def __init__(self, rank, suit, face_up = True): self.rank = rank self.suit = suit self.is_face_up = face_up def __str__(self): if self.is_face_up: rep = self.rank + self.suit else: rep = "XX" return rep def flip(self): self.is_face_up = not self.is_face_up class Hand(object): """ A hand of playing cards. """ def init(self): self.cards = [] def __str__(self): if self.cards: rep = "" for card in self.cards: rep += str(card) + "\t" else: rep = "<empty>" return rep def clear(self): self.cards = [] def add(self, card): self.cards.append(card) def give(self, card, other_hand): self.cards.remove(card) other_hand.add(card) class Deck(Hand): """ A deck of playing cards. """ def populate(self): for suit in Card.SUITS: for rank in Card.RANKS: self.add(Card(rank, suit)) def shuffle(self): import random random.shuffle(self.cards) def deal(self, hands, per_hand = 1): for rounds in range(per_hand): for hand in hands: if self.cards: top_card = self.cards[0] self.give(top_card, hand) else: print "Can't continue deal. Out of cards!" if name == "main": print "This is a module with classes for playing cards." raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.") And here's the games module: class Player(object): """ A player for a game. """ def __init__(self, name, score = 0): self.name = name self.score = score def __str__(self): rep = self.name + ":\t" + str(self.score) return rep def ask_yes_no(question): """Ask a yes or no question.""" response = None while response not in ("y", "n"): response = raw_input(question).lower() return response def ask_number(question, low, high): """Ask for a number within a range.""" response = None while response not in range(low, high): response = int(raw_input(question)) return response if name == "main": print "You ran this module directly (and did not 'import' it)." raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

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• web service not working on GlassFish

  - by Gunjan Shah

  I am generating web service client in Eclipse Helios by Axis 1.4 version. The client stubs are working fine as per the expectation by using local main programs. But When I deploy the stub and application on GlassFish Server, I am getting the following exception : [#|2012-10-16T03:36:12.166-0700|SEVERE|glassfish3.1|javax.enterprise.system.std.com.sun.enterprise.server.logging|_ThreadID=101;_ThreadName=Thread-1;|java.lang.IllegalStateException: WEB9031: WebappClassLoader unable to load resource [META-INF/services/org.apache.axis.EngineConfigurationFactory], because it has not yet been started, or was already stopped at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.findResourceInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2074) at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.findResource(WebappClassLoader.java:1034) at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.getResource(WebappClassLoader.java:1169) at org.glassfish.web.loader.WebappClassLoader.getResource(WebappClassLoader.java:1135) at org.apache.commons.discovery.jdk.JDK12Hooks.getResources(JDK12Hooks.java:149) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.DiscoverResources$1.getNextResources(DiscoverResources.java:153) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.DiscoverResources$1.getNextResource(DiscoverResources.java:129) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.DiscoverResources$1.hasNext(DiscoverResources.java:116) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.names.DiscoverNamesInFile$1.getNextClassNames(DiscoverNamesInFile.java:186) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.names.DiscoverNamesInFile$1.getNextClassName(DiscoverNamesInFile.java:170) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.names.DiscoverNamesInFile$1.hasNext(DiscoverNamesInFile.java:157) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.names.NameDiscoverers$1.getNextIterator(NameDiscoverers.java:143) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.names.NameDiscoverers$1.hasNext(NameDiscoverers.java:126) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.classes.ResourceClassDiscoverImpl$1.getNextResource(ResourceClassDiscoverImpl.java:159) at org.apache.commons.discovery.resource.classes.ResourceClassDiscoverImpl$1.hasNext(ResourceClassDiscoverImpl.java:147) at org.apache.axis.configuration.EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder$1.run(EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.java:120) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.apache.axis.configuration.EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.newFactory(EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.java:113) at org.apache.axis.configuration.EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.newFactory(EngineConfigurationFactoryFinder.java:160) at org.apache.axis.client.Service.getEngineConfiguration(Service.java:813) at org.apache.axis.client.Service.getAxisClient(Service.java:104) at org.apache.axis.client.Service.<init>(Service.java:113) at com.payback.mobile.GreenCardServiceLocator.<init>(GreenCardServiceLocator.java:12) at com.pbgc.web.service.client.PentaloonServiceClient.getGreenCardService(PentaloonServiceClient.java:50) at com.pbgc.web.service.provider.LoginService.authenticateUser(LoginService.java:30) at com.pbgc.web.action.LoginAction.doLogin(LoginAction.java:44) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254) at com.pbgc.web.interceptor.SecurityManager.intercept(SecurityManager.java:45) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:133) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187) at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248) at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77) at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:256) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:215) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:279) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.doInvoke(StandardPipeline.java:655) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardPipeline.invoke(StandardPipeline.java:595) at com.sun.enterprise.web.WebPipeline.invoke(WebPipeline.java:98) at com.sun.enterprise.web.PESessionLockingStandardPipeline.invoke(PESessionLockingStandardPipeline.java:91) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:162) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.doService(CoyoteAdapter.java:326) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:227) at com.sun.enterprise.v3.services.impl.ContainerMapper.service(ContainerMapper.java:228) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.invokeAdapter(ProcessorTask.java:822) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.doProcess(ProcessorTask.java:719) at com.sun.grizzly.http.ProcessorTask.process(ProcessorTask.java:1013) at com.sun.grizzly.http.DefaultProtocolFilter.execute(DefaultProtocolFilter.java:225) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.executeProtocolFilter(DefaultProtocolChain.java:137) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:104) at com.sun.grizzly.DefaultProtocolChain.execute(DefaultProtocolChain.java:90) at co|#] [#|2012-10-16T03:36:12.166-0700|SEVERE|glassfish3.1|javax.enterprise.system.std.com.sun.enterprise.server.logging|_ThreadID=101;_ThreadName=Thread-1;|m.sun.grizzly.http.HttpProtocolChain.execute(HttpProtocolChain.java:79) at com.sun.grizzly.ProtocolChainContextTask.doCall(ProtocolChainContextTask.java:54) at com.sun.grizzly.SelectionKeyContextTask.call(SelectionKeyContextTask.java:59) at com.sun.grizzly.ContextTask.run(ContextTask.java:71) at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.doWork(AbstractThreadPool.java:532) at com.sun.grizzly.util.AbstractThreadPool$Worker.run(AbstractThreadPool.java:513) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) |#] Can anyone tell me, why its happening ? Its happening only when I deploy the application on GlassFish server. Thanks, Gunjan.

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• T-SQL Dynamic SQL and Temp Tables

  - by George

  It looks like #temptables created using dynamic SQL via the EXECUTE string method have a different scope and can't be referenced by "fixed" SQLs in the same stored procedure. However, I can reference a temp table created by a dynamic SQL statement in a subsequence dynamic SQL but it seems that a stored procedure does not return a query result to a calling client unless the SQL is fixed. A simple 2 table scenario: I have 2 tables. Let's call them Orders and Items. Order has a Primary key of OrderId and Items has a Primary Key of ItemId. Items.OrderId is the foreign key to identify the parent Order. An Order can have 1 to n Items. I want to be able to provide a very flexible "query builder" type interface to the user to allow the user to select what Items he want to see. The filter criteria can be based on fields from the Items table and/or from the parent Order table. If an Item meets the filter condition including and condition on the parent Order if one exists, the Item should be return in the query as well as the parent Order. Usually, I suppose, most people would construct a join between the Item table and the parent Order tables. I would like to perform 2 separate queries instead. One to return all of the qualifying Items and the other to return all of the distinct parent Orders. The reason is two fold and you may or may not agree. The first reason is that I need to query all of the columns in the parent Order table and if I did a single query to join the Orders table to the Items table, I would be repoeating the Order information multiple times. Since there are typically a large number of items per Order, I'd like to avoid this because it would result in much more data being transfered to a fat client. Instead, as mentioned, I would like to return the two tables individually in a dataset and use the two tables within to populate a custom Order and child Items client objects. (I don't know enough about LINQ or Entity Framework yet. I build my objects by hand). The second reason I would like to return two tables instead of one is because I already have another procedure that returns all of the Items for a given OrderId along with the parent Order and I would like to use the same 2-table approach so that I could reuse the client code to populate my custom Order and Client objects from the 2 datatables returned. What I was hoping to do was this: Construct a dynamic SQL string on the Client which joins the orders table to the Items table and filters appropriate on each table as specified by the custom filter created on the Winform fat-client app. The SQL build on the client would have looked something like this: TempSQL = " INSERT INTO #ItemsToQuery OrderId, ItemsId FROM Orders, Items WHERE Orders.OrderID = Items.OrderId AND /* Some unpredictable Order filters go here */ AND /* Some unpredictable Items filters go here */ " Then, I would call a stored procedure, CREATE PROCEDURE GetItemsAndOrders(@tempSql as text) Execute (@tempSQL) --to create the #ItemsToQuery table SELECT * FROM Items WHERE Items.ItemId IN (SELECT ItemId FROM #ItemsToQuery) SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE Orders.OrderId IN (SELECT DISTINCT OrderId FROM #ItemsToQuery) The problem with this approach is that #ItemsToQuery table, since it was created by dynamic SQL, is inaccessible from the following 2 static SQLs and if I change the static SQLs to dynamic, no results are passed back to the fat client. 3 around come to mind but I'm look for a better one: 1) The first SQL could be performed by executing the dynamically constructed SQL from the client. The results could then be passed as a table to a modified version of the above stored procedure. I am familiar with passing table data as XML. If I did this, the stored proc could then insert the data into a temporary table using a static SQL that, because it was created by dynamic SQL, could then be queried without issue. (I could also investigate into passing the new Table type param instead of XML.) However, I would like to avoid passing up potentially large lists to a stored procedure. 2) I could perform all the queries from the client. The first would be something like this: SELECT Items.* FROM Orders, Items WHERE Order.OrderId = Items.OrderId AND (dynamic filter) SELECT Orders.* FROM Orders, Items WHERE Order.OrderId = Items.OrderId AND (dynamic filter) This still provides me with the ability to reuse my client sided object-population code because the Orders and Items continue to be returned in two different tables. I have a feeling to, that I might have some options using a Table data type within my stored proc, but that is also new to me and I would appreciate a little bit of spoon feeding on that one. If you even scanned this far in what I wrote, I am surprised, but if so, I woul dappreciate any of your thoughts on how to accomplish this best.

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• Spring MVC configuration problems

  - by Smek

  i have some problems with configuring Spring MVC. I made a maven multi module project with the following modules: /api /domain /repositories /webapp I like to share the domain and the repositories between the api and the webapp (both web projects). First i want to configure the webapp to use the repositories module so i added the dependencies in the xml file like this: <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>domain</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId> <artifactId>repositories</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> And my controller in the webapp module looks like this: package com.mywebapp.webapp; import com.mywebapp.domain.Person; import com.mywebapp.repositories.services.PersonService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; @Controller @RequestMapping("/") @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.mywebapp.repositories") public class PersonController { @Autowired PersonService personservice; @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) public String printWelcome(ModelMap model) { Person p = new Person(); p.age = 23; p.firstName = "John"; p.lastName = "Doe"; personservice.createNewPerson(p); model.addAttribute("message", "Hello world!"); return "index"; } } In my webapp module i try to load configuration files in my web.xml like this: <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:/META-INF/persistence-context.xml, classpath:/META-INF/service-context.xml</param-value> </context-param> These files cannot be found so i get the following error: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [META-INF/persistence-context.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [META-INF/persistence-context.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist These files are in the repositories module so my first question is how can i make Spring to find these files? I also have trouble Autowiring the PersonService to my Controller class did i forget to configure something in my XML? Here is the error message: [INFO] [talledLocalContainer] SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener [INFO] [talledLocalContainer] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'personServiceImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.mywebapp.repositories.repository.PersonRepository com.mywebapp.repositories.services.PersonServiceImpl.personRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.mywebapp.repositories.repository.PersonRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} PersonServiceImple.java: package com.mywebapp.repositories.services; import com.mywebapp.domain.Person; import com.mywebapp.repositories.repository.PersonRepository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService{ @Autowired public PersonRepository personRepository; @Autowired public MongoTemplate personTemplate; @Override public Person createNewPerson(Person person) { return personRepository.save(person); } } PersonService.java package com.mywebapp.repositories.services; import com.mywebapp.domain.Person; public interface PersonService { Person createNewPerson(Person person); } PersonRepository.java: package com.mywebapp.repositories.repository; import com.mywebapp.domain.Person; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.math.BigInteger; @Repository public interface PersonRepository extends MongoRepository<Person, BigInteger> { } persistance-context.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:mongo.properties"/> <mongo:mongo host="${mongo.host}" port="${mongo.port}" id="mongo"> <mongo:options connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}" threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}" connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}" max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}" auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}" socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}" socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}" slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}" write-number="1" write-timeout="0" write-fsync="true"/> </mongo:mongo> <mongo:db-factory dbname="person" mongo-ref="mongo" id="mongoDbFactory"/> <bean id="personTemplate" name="personTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate"> <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory"/> </bean> <mongo:repositories base-package="com.mywebapp.repositories.repository" mongo-template-ref="personTemplate"> <mongo:repository id="personRepository" repository-impl-postfix="PersonRepository" mongo-template-ref="personTemplate" create-query-indexes="true"/> </mongo:repositories> Thanks

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• Job conditions conflicting with personal principles on software-development - how much is too much?

  - by Baelnorn

  Sorry for the incoming wall'o'text (and for my probably bad English) but I just need to get this off somehow. I also accept that this question will be probably closed as subjective and argumentative, but I need to know one thing: "how much BS are programmers supposed to put up with before breaking?" My background I'm 27 years old and have a B.Sc. in Computer engineering with a graduation grade of 1.8 from a university of applied science. I went looking for a job right after graduation. I got three offers right away, with two offers paying vastly more than the last one, but that last one seemed more interesting so I went for that. My situation I've been working for the company now for 17 months now, but it feels like a drag more and more each day. Primarily because the company (which has only 5 other developers but me, and of these I work with 4) turned out to be pretty much the anti-thesis of what I expected (and was taught in university) from a modern software company. I agreed to accept less than half of the usual payment appropriate for my qualification for the first year because I was promised a trainee program. However, the trainee program turned out to be "here you got a computer, there's some links on the stuff we use, and now do what you colleagues tell you". Further, during my whole time there (trainee or not) I haven't been given the grace of even a single code-review - apparently nobody's interested in my work as long as it "just works". I was told in the job interview that "Microsoft technology played a central role in the company" yet I've been slowly eroding my congnitive functions with Flex/Actionscript/Cairngorm ever since I started (despite having applied as a C#/.NET developer). Actually, the company's primary projects are based on Java/XSLT and Flex/Actionscript (with some SAP/ABAP stuff here and there but I'm not involved in that) and they've been working on these before I even applied. Having had no experience either with that particular technology nor the framework nor the field (RIA) nor in developing business scale applications I obviously made several mistakes. However, my boss told me that he let me make those mistakes (which ate at least 2 months of development time on their own) on purpose to provide some "learning experience". Even when I was still a trainee I was already tasked with working on a business-critical application. On my own. Without supervision. Without code-reviews. My boss thinks agile methods are a waste of time/money and deems putting more than one developer on any project not efficient. Documentation is not necessary and each developer should only document what he himself needs for his work. Recently he wanted us to do bug tracking with Excel and Email instead of using an already existing Bugzilla, overriding an unanimous decision made by all developers and testers involved in the process - only after another senior developer had another hour-long private discussion with him he agreed to let us use the bugtracker. Project management is basically not present, there are only a few Excel sheets floating around where the senior developer lists some things (not all, mind you) with a time estimate ranging from days to months, trying to at least somehow organize the whole mess. A development process is also basically not present, each developer just works on his own however he wants. There are not even coding conventions in the company. Testing is done manually with a single tester (sometimes two testers) per project because automated testing wasn't given the least thought when the whole project was started. I guess it's not a big surprise when I say that each developer also has his own share of hundreds of overhours (which are, of course, unpaid). Each developer is tasked with working on his own project(s) which in turn leads to a very extensive knowledge monopolization - if one developer was to have an accident or become ill there would be absolutely no one who could even hope to do his work. Considering that each developer has his own business-critical application to work on, I guess that's a pretty bad situation. I've been trying to change things for the better. I tried to introduce a development process, but my first attempt was pretty much shot down by my boss with "I don't want to discuss agile methods". After that I put together a process that at least resembled how most of the developers were already working and then include stuff like automated (or at least organized) testing, coding conventions, etc. However, this was also shot down because it wasn't "simple" enought to be shown on a business slide (actually, I wasn't even given the 15 minutes I'd have needed to present the process in the meeting). My problem I can't stand working there any longer. Seriously, I consider to resign on monday, which still leaves me with 3 months to work there due to the cancelation period. My primary goal since I started studying computer science was being a good computer scientist, working with modern technologies and adhering to modern and proven principles and methods. However, the company I'm working for seems to make that impossible. Some days I feel as if was living in a perverted real-life version of the Dilbert comics. My question Am I overreacting? Is this the reality each graduate from university has to face? Should I betray my sound principles and just accept these working conditions? Or should I gtfo of there? What's the opinion of other developers on this matter. Would you put up with all that stuff?

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• Fast multi-window rendering with C#

  - by seb

  I've been searching and testing different kind of rendering libraries for C# days for many weeks now. So far I haven't found a single library that works well on multi-windowed rendering setups. The requirement is to be able to run the program on 12+ monitor setups (financial charting) without latencies on a fast computer. Each window needs to update multiple times every second. While doing this CPU needs to do lots of intensive and time critical tasks so some of the burden has to be shifted to GPUs. That's where hardware rendering steps in, in another words DirectX or OpenGL. I have tried GDI+ with windows forms and figured it's way too slow for my needs. I have tried OpenGL via OpenTK (on windows forms control) which seemed decently quick (I still have some tests to run on it) but painfully difficult to get working properly (hard to find/program good text rendering libraries). Recently I tried DirectX9, DirectX10 and Direct2D with Windows forms via SharpDX. I tried a separate device for each window and a single device/multiple swap chains approaches. All of these resulted in very poor performance on multiple windows. For example if I set target FPS to 20 and open 4 full screen windows on different monitors the whole operating system starts lagging very badly. Rendering is simply clearing the screen to black, no primitives rendered. CPU usage on this test was about 0% and GPU usage about 10%, I don't understand what is the bottleneck here? My development computer is very fast, i7 2700k, AMD HD7900, 16GB ram so the tests should definitely run on this one. In comparison I did some DirectX9 tests on C++/Win32 API one device/multiple swap chains and I could open 100 windows spread all over the 4-monitor workspace (with 3d teapot rotating on them) and still had perfectly responsible operating system (fps was dropping of course on the rendering windows quite badly to around 5 which is what I would expect running 100 simultaneous renderings). Does anyone know any good ways to do multi-windowed rendering on C# or am I forced to re-write my program in C++ to get that performance (major pain)? I guess I'm giving OpenGL another shot before I go the C++ route... I'll report any findings here. Test methods for reference: For C# DirectX one-device multiple swapchain test I used the method from this excellent answer: Display Different images per monitor directX 10 Direct3D10 version: I created the d3d10device and DXGIFactory like this: D3DDev = new SharpDX.Direct3D10.Device(SharpDX.Direct3D10.DriverType.Hardware, SharpDX.Direct3D10.DeviceCreationFlags.None); DXGIFac = new SharpDX.DXGI.Factory(); Then initialized the rendering windows like this: var scd = new SwapChainDescription(); scd.BufferCount = 1; scd.ModeDescription = new ModeDescription(control.Width, control.Height, new Rational(60, 1), Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm); scd.IsWindowed = true; scd.OutputHandle = control.Handle; scd.SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0); scd.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; scd.Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput; SC = new SwapChain(Parent.DXGIFac, Parent.D3DDev, scd); var backBuffer = Texture2D.FromSwapChain<Texture2D>(SC, 0); _rt = new RenderTargetView(Parent.D3DDev, backBuffer); Drawing command executed on each rendering iteration is simply: Parent.D3DDev.ClearRenderTargetView(_rt, new Color4(0, 0, 0, 0)); SC.Present(0, SharpDX.DXGI.PresentFlags.None); DirectX9 version is very similar: Device initialization: PresentParameters par = new PresentParameters(); par.PresentationInterval = PresentInterval.Immediate; par.Windowed = true; par.SwapEffect = SharpDX.Direct3D9.SwapEffect.Discard; par.PresentationInterval = PresentInterval.Immediate; par.AutoDepthStencilFormat = SharpDX.Direct3D9.Format.D16; par.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true; par.BackBufferFormat = SharpDX.Direct3D9.Format.X8R8G8B8; // firsthandle is the handle of first rendering window D3DDev = new SharpDX.Direct3D9.Device(new Direct3D(), 0, DeviceType.Hardware, firsthandle, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, par); Rendering window initialization: if (parent.D3DDev.SwapChainCount == 0) { SC = parent.D3DDev.GetSwapChain(0); } else { PresentParameters pp = new PresentParameters(); pp.Windowed = true; pp.SwapEffect = SharpDX.Direct3D9.SwapEffect.Discard; pp.BackBufferFormat = SharpDX.Direct3D9.Format.X8R8G8B8; pp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true; pp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = SharpDX.Direct3D9.Format.D16; pp.PresentationInterval = PresentInterval.Immediate; SC = new SharpDX.Direct3D9.SwapChain(parent.D3DDev, pp); } Code for drawing loop: SharpDX.Direct3D9.Surface bb = SC.GetBackBuffer(0); Parent.D3DDev.SetRenderTarget(0, bb); Parent.D3DDev.Clear(ClearFlags.Target, Color.Black, 1f, 0); SC.Present(Present.None, new SharpDX.Rectangle(), new SharpDX.Rectangle(), HWND); bb.Dispose(); C++ DirectX9/Win32 API test with multiple swapchains and one device code is here: http://pastebin.com/tjnRvATJ It's a modified version from Kevin Harris's nice example code.

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• Very simple, terse and easy GUI programming “frameworks”

  - by jetxee

  Please list GUI programming libraries, toolkits, frameworks which allow to write GUI apps quickly. I mean in such a way, that GUI is described entirely in a human-readable (and human-writable) plain text file (code) code is terse (1 or 2 lines of code per widget/event pair), suitable for scripting structure and operation of the GUI is evident from the code (nesting of widgets and flow of events) details about how to build the GUI are hidden (things like mainloop, attaching event listeners, etc.) auto-layouts are supported (vboxes, hboxes, etc.) As answers suggest, this may be defined as declarative GUI programming, but it is not necessarily such. Any approach is OK if it works, is easy to use and terse. There are some GUI libraries/toolkits like this. They are listed below. Please extend the list if you see a qualifying toolkit missing. Indicate if the project is crossplatform, mature, active, and give an example if possible. Please use this wiki to discuss only Open Source projects. This is the list so far (in alphabetical order): Fudgets Fudgets is a Haskell library. Platform: Unix. Status: Experimental, but still maintained. An example: import Fudgets main = fudlogue (shellF "Hello" (labelF "Hello, world!" >+< quitButtonF)) GNUstep Renaissance Renaissance allows to describe GUI in simple XML. Platforms: OSX/GNUstep. Status: part of GNUstep. An example below: <window title="Example"> <vbox> <label font="big"> Click the button below to quit the application </label> <button title="Quit" action="terminate:"/> </vbox> </window> HTML HTML-based GUI (HTML + JS). Crossplatform, mature. Can be used entirely on the client side. Looking for a nice “helloworld” example. JavaFX JavaFX is usable for standalone (desktop) apps as well as for web applications. Not completely crossplatform, not yet completely open source. Status: 1.0 release. An example: Frame { content: Button { text: "Press Me" action: operation() { System.out.println("You pressed me"); } } visible: true } Screenshot is needed. Phooey Phooey is another Haskell library. Crossplatform (wxWidgets), HTML+JS backend planned. Mature and active. An example (a little more than a helloworld): ui1 :: UI () ui1 = title "Shopping List" $ do a <- title "apples" $ islider (0,10) 3 b <- title "bananas" $ islider (0,10) 7 title "total" $ showDisplay (liftA2 (+) a b) PythonCard PythonCard describes GUI in a Python dictionary. Crossplatform (wxWidgets). Some apps use it, but the project seems stalled. There is an active fork. I skip PythonCard example because it is too verbose for the contest. Shoes Shoes for Ruby. Platforms: Win/OSX/GTK+. Status: Young but active. A minimal app looks like this: Shoes.app { @push = button "Push me" @note = para "Nothing pushed so far" @push.click { @note.replace "Aha! Click!" } } Tcl/Tk Tcl/Tk. Crossplatform (its own widget set). Mature (probably even dated) and active. An example: #!/usr/bin/env wish button .hello -text "Hello, World!" -command { exit } pack .hello tkwait window . tekUI tekUI for Lua (and C). Platforms: X11, DirectFB. Status: Alpha (usable, but API still evolves). An example: #/usr/bin/env lua ui = require "tek.ui" ui.Application:new { Children = { ui.Window:new { Title = "Hello", Children = { ui.Text:new { Text = "_Hello, World!", Style = "button", Mode = "button", }, }, }, }, }:run() Treethon Treethon for Python. It describes GUI in a YAML file (Python in a YAML tree). Platform: GTK+. Status: work in proress. A simple app looks like this: _import: gtk view: gtk.Window() add: - view: gtk.Button('Hello World') on clicked: print view.get_label() Yet unnamed Python library by Richard Jones: This one is not released yet. The idea is to use Python context managers (with keyword) to structure GUI code. See Richard Jones' blog for details. with gui.vertical: text = gui.label('hello!') items = gui.selection(['one', 'two', 'three']) with gui.button('click me!'): def on_click(): text.value = items.value text.foreground = red XUL XUL + Javascript may be used to create stand-alone desktop apps with XULRunner as well as Mozilla extensions. Mature, open source, crossplatform. <?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet href="chrome://global/skin/" type="text/css"?> <window id="main" title="My App" width="300" height="300" xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul"> <caption label="Hello World"/> </window> Thank your for contributions!

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• linux thread synchronization

  - by johnnycrash

  I am new to linux and linux threads. I have spent some time googling to try to understand the differences between all the functions available for thread synchronization. I still have some questions. I have found all of these different types of synchronizations, each with a number of functions for locking, unlocking, testing the lock, etc. gcc atomic operations futexes mutexes spinlocks seqlocks rculocks conditions semaphores My current (but probably flawed) understanding is this: semaphores are process wide, involve the filesystem (virtually I assume), and are probably the slowest. Futexes might be the base locking mechanism used by mutexes, spinlocks, seqlocks, and rculocks. Futexes might be faster than the locking mechanisms that are based on them. Spinlocks dont block and thus avoid context swtiches. However they avoid the context switch at the expense of consuming all the cycles on a CPU until the lock is released (spinning). They should only should be used on multi processor systems for obvious reasons. Never sleep in a spinlock. The seq lock just tells you when you finished your work if a writer changed the data the work was based on. You have to go back and repeat the work in this case. Atomic operations are the fastest synch call, and probably are used in all the above locking mechanisms. You do not want to use atomic operations on all the fields in your shared data. You want to use a lock (mutex, futex, spin, seq, rcu) or a single atomic opertation on a lock flag when you are accessing multiple data fields. My questions go like this: Am I right so far with my assumptions? Does anyone know the cpu cycle cost of the various options? I am adding parallelism to the app so we can get better wall time response at the expense of running fewer app instances per box. Performances is the utmost consideration. I don't want to consume cpu with context switching, spinning, or lots of extra cpu cycles to read and write shared memory. I am absolutely concerned with number of cpu cycles consumed. Which (if any) of the locks prevent interruption of a thread by the scheduler or interrupt...or am I just an idiot and all synchonization mechanisms do this. What kinds of interruption are prevented? Can I block all threads or threads just on the locking thread's CPU? This question stems from my fear of interrupting a thread holding a lock for a very commonly used function. I expect that the scheduler might schedule any number of other workers who will likely run into this function and then block because it was locked. A lot of context switching would be wasted until the thread with the lock gets rescheduled and finishes. I can re-write this function to minimize lock time, but still it is so commonly called I would like to use a lock that prevents interruption...across all processors. I am writing user code...so I get software interrupts, not hardware ones...right? I should stay away from any functions (spin/seq locks) that have the word "irq" in them. Which locks are for writing kernel or driver code and which are meant for user mode? Does anyone think using an atomic operation to have multiple threads move through a linked list is nuts? I am thinking to atomicly change the current item pointer to the next item in the list. If the attempt works, then the thread can safely use the data the current item pointed to before it was moved. Other threads would now be moved along the list. futexes? Any reason to use them instead of mutexes? Is there a better way than using a condition to sleep a thread when there is no work? When using gcc atomic ops, specifically the test_and_set, can I get a performance increase by doing a non atomic test first and then using test_and_set to confirm? *I know this will be case specific, so here is the case. There is a large collection of work items, say thousands. Each work item has a flag that is initialized to 0. When a thread has exclusive access to the work item, the flag will be one. There will be lots of worker threads. Any time a thread is looking for work, they can non atomicly test for 1. If they read a 1, we know for certain that the work is unavailable. If they read a zero, they need to perform the atomic test_and_set to confirm. So if the atomic test_and_set is 500 cpu cycles because it is disabling pipelining, causes cpu's to communicate and L2 caches to flush/fill .... and a simple test is 1 cycle .... then as long as I had a better ratio of 500 to 1 when it came to stumbling upon already completed work items....this would be a win.* I hope to use mutexes or spinlocks to sparilngly protect sections of code that I want only one thread on the SYSTEM (not jsut the CPU) to access at a time. I hope to sparingly use gcc atomic ops to select work and minimize use of mutexes and spinlocks. For instance: a flag in a work item can be checked to see if a thread has worked it (0=no, 1=yes or in progress). A simple test_and_set tells the thread if it has work or needs to move on. I hope to use conditions to wake up threads when there is work. Thanks!

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• Logging with log4j on tomcat jruby-rack for a Rails 3 application

  - by John

  I just spent the better part of 3 hours trying to get my Rails application logging with Log4j. I've finally got it working, but I'm not sure if what I did is correct. I tried various methods to no avail until my various last attempt. So I'm really looking for some validation here, perhaps some pointers and tips as well -- anything would be appreciated to be honest. I've summarized all my feeble methods into three attempts below. I'm hoping for some enlightenment on where I went wrong with each attempt -- even if it means I get ripped up. Thanks for the help in advance! System Specs Rails 3.0 Windows Server 2008 Log4j 1.2 Tomact 6.0.29 Java 6 Attempt 1 - Configured Tomcat to Use Log4J I basically followed the guide on the Apache Tomcat website here. The steps are: Create a log4j.properties file in $CATALINA_HOME/lib Download and copy the log4j-x.y.z.jar into $CATALINA_HOME/lib Replace $CATALINA_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar with the tomcat-juli.jar from the Apache Tomcat Extras folder Copy tomcat-juli-adapters.jar from the Apache Tomcat Extras folder into $CATALINA_HOME/lib Delete $CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties Start Tomcat (as a service) Expected Results According to the Guide I should have seen a tomcat.log file in my $CATALINA_BASE/logs folder. Actual Results No tomcat.log Saw three of the standard logs instead jakarta_service_20101231.log stderr_20101231.log stdout_20101231.log Question Shouldn't I have at least seen a tomcat.log file? Attempt 2 - Use default Tomcat logging (commons-logging) Reverted all the changes from the previous setup Modified $CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties by doing the following: Adding a setting for my application in the handlers line: 5rails3.org.apache.juli.FileHandler Adding Handler specific properties 5rails3.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE 5rails3.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs 5rails3.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = rails3. Adding Facility specific properties org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/rails3].level = INFO org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/rails3].handlers = 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.FileHandler Modified my web.xml by adding the following context parameter as per the Logging section of the jruby-rack readme (I also modified my warbler.rb accordingly, but I did opted to change the web.xml directly to test things faster). <context-param> <param-name>jruby.rack.logging</param-name> <param-value>commons_logging</param-value> </context-param> Restarted Tomcat Results A log file was created (rails3.log), however there was no log information in the file. Attempt 2A - Use Log4j with existing set up I decided to go Log4j another whirl with this new web.xml setting. Copied the log4j.jar into my WEB-INF/lib folder Created a log4j.properties file and put it into WEB-INF/classes log4j.rootLogger=INFO, R log4j.logger.javax.servlet=DEBUG log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender log4j.appender.R.File=${catalina.base}/logs/rails3.log log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=5036KB log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=4 log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n Restarted Tomcat Results Same as Attempt 2 NOTE: I used log4j.logger.javax.servlet=DEBUG because I read in the jruby-rack README that all logging output is automatically redirected to the javax.servlet.ServletContext#log method. So I though this would capture it. I was obviously wrong. Question Why didn't this work? Isn't Log4J using the commons_logging API? Attempt 3 - Tried out slf4j (WORKED) A bit uncertain as to why Attempt 2A didn't work, I thought to myself, maybe I can't use commons_logging for the jruby.rack.logging parameter because it's probably not using commons_logging API... (but I was still not sure). I saw slf4j as an option. I have never heard of it and by stroke of luck, I decided to look up what it is. After reading briefly about what it does, I thought it was good of a shot as any and decided to try it out following the instructions here. Continuing from the setup of Attempt 2A: Copied slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar and slf4j-simple-1.6.1.jar into my WEB-INF/lib folder I also copied slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar into my WEB-INF/lib folder Restarted Tomcat And VIOLA! I now have logging information going into my rails3.log file. So the big question is: WTF? Even though logging seems to be working now, I'm really not sure if I did this right. So like I said earlier, I'm really looking for some validation more or less. I'd also appreciate any pointers/tips/advice if you have any. Thanks!

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• Why does calling IEnumerable<string>.Count() create an additional assembly dependency ?

  - by Gishu

  Assume this chain of dll references Tests.dll >> Automation.dll >> White.Core.dll with the following line of code in Tests.dll, where everything builds result.MissingPaths Now when I change this to result.MissingPaths.Count() I get the following build error for Tests.dll "White.UIItem is not defined in an assembly that is not referenced. You must add a reference to White.Core.dll." And I don't want to do that because it breaks my layering. Here is the type definition for result, which is in Automation.dll public class HasResult { public HasResult(IEnumerable<string> missingPaths ) { MissingPaths = missingPaths; } public IEnumerable<string> MissingPaths { get; set; } public bool AllExist { get { return !MissingPaths.Any(); } } } Down the call chain the input param to this ctor is created via (The TreeNode class is in White.Core.dll) assetPaths.Where(assetPath => !FindTreeNodeUsingCache(treeHandle, assetPath)); Why does this dependency leak when calling Count() on IEnumerable ? I then suspected that lazy evaluation was causing this (for some reason) - so I slotted in an ToArray() in the above line but didn't work. Update 2011 01 07: Curiouser and Curiouser! it won't build until I add a White.Core reference. So I add a reference and build it (in order to find the elusive dependency source). Open it up in Reflector and the only references listed are Automation, mscorlib, System.core and NUnit. So the compiler threw away the White reference as it was not needed. ILDASM also confirms that there is no White AssemblyRef entry. Any ideas on how to get to the bottom of this thing (primarily for 'now I wanna know why' reasons)? What are the chances that this is an VS2010/MSBuild bug? Update 2011 01 07 #2 As per Shimmy's suggestion, tried calling the method explcitly as an extension method Enumerable.Count(result.MissingPaths) and it stops cribbing (not sure why). However I moved some code around after that and now I'm getting the same issue at a different location using IEnumerable - this time reading and filtering lines out of a file on disk (totally unrelated to White). Seems like it's a 'symptom-fix'. var lines = File.ReadLines(aFilePath).ToArray(); once again, if I remove the ToArray() it compiles again - it seems that any method that causes the enumerable to be evaluated (ToArray, Count, ToList, etc.) causes this. Let me try and get a working tiny-app to demo this issue... Update 2011 01 07 #3 Phew! More information.. It turns out the problem is just in one source file - this file is LINQ-phobic. Any call to an Enumerable extension method has to be explicitly called out. The refactorings that I did caused a new method to be moved into this source file, which had some LINQ :) Still no clue as to why this class dislikes LINQ. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using G.S.OurAutomation.Constants; using G.S.OurAutomation.Framework; using NUnit.Framework; namespace G.S.AcceptanceTests { public abstract class ConfigureThingBase : OurTestFixture { .... private static IEnumerable<string> GetExpectedThingsFor(string param) { // even this won't compile - although it compiles fine in an adjoining source file in the same assembly //IEnumerable<string> s = new string[0]; //Console.WriteLine(s.Count()); // this is the line that is now causing a build failure // var expectedInfo = File.ReadLines(someCsvFilePath)) // .Where(line => !line.StartsWith("REM", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) // .Select(line => line.Replace("%PLACEHOLDER%", param)) // .ToArray(); // Unrolling the LINQ above removes the build error var expectedInfo = Enumerable.ToArray( Enumerable.Select( Enumerable.Where( File.ReadLines(someCsvFilePath)), line => !line.StartsWith("REM", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)), line => line.Replace("%PLACEHOLDER%", param)));

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• How should I change my Graph structure (very slow insertion)?

  - by Nazgulled

  Hi, This program I'm doing is about a social network, which means there are users and their profiles. The profiles structure is UserProfile. Now, there are various possible Graph implementations and I don't think I'm using the best one. I have a Graph structure and inside, there's a pointer to a linked list of type Vertex. Each Vertex element has a value, a pointer to the next Vertex and a pointer to a linked list of type Edge. Each Edge element has a value (so I can define weights and whatever it's needed), a pointer to the next Edge and a pointer to the Vertex owner. I have a 2 sample files with data to process (in CSV style) and insert into the Graph. The first one is the user data (one user per line); the second one is the user relations (for the graph). The first file is quickly inserted into the graph cause I always insert at the head and there's like ~18000 users. The second file takes ages but I still insert the edges at the head. The file has about ~520000 lines of user relations and takes between 13-15mins to insert into the Graph. I made a quick test and reading the data is pretty quickly, instantaneously really. The problem is in the insertion. This problem exists because I have a Graph implemented with linked lists for the vertices. Every time I need to insert a relation, I need to lookup for 2 vertices, so I can link them together. This is the problem... Doing this for ~520000 relations, takes a while. How should I solve this? Solution 1) Some people recommended me to implement the Graph (the vertices part) as an array instead of a linked list. This way I have direct access to every vertex and the insertion is probably going to drop considerably. But, I don't like the idea of allocating an array with [18000] elements. How practically is this? My sample data has ~18000, but what if I need much less or much more? The linked list approach has that flexibility, I can have whatever size I want as long as there's memory for it. But the array doesn't, how am I going to handle such situation? What are your suggestions? Using linked lists is good for space complexity but bad for time complexity. And using an array is good for time complexity but bad for space complexity. Any thoughts about this solution? Solution 2) This project also demands that I have some sort of data structures that allows quick lookup based on a name index and an ID index. For this I decided to use Hash Tables. My tables are implemented with separate chaining as collision resolution and when a load factor of 0.70 is reach, I normally recreate the table. I base the next table size on this http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/GoodHashTablePrimes.html. Currently, both Hash Tables hold a pointer to the UserProfile instead of duplication the user profile itself. That would be stupid, changing data would require 3 changes and it's really dumb to do it that way. So I just save the pointer to the UserProfile. The same user profile pointer is also saved as value in each Graph Vertex. So, I have 3 data structures, one Graph and two Hash Tables and every single one of them point to the same exact UserProfile. The Graph structure will serve the purpose of finding the shortest path and stuff like that while the Hash Tables serve as quick index by name and ID. What I'm thinking to solve my Graph problem is to, instead of having the Hash Tables value point to the UserProfile, I point it to the corresponding Vertex. It's still a pointer, no more and no less space is used, I just change what I point to. Like this, I can easily and quickly lookup for each Vertex I need and link them together. This will insert the ~520000 relations pretty quickly. I thought of this solution because I already have the Hash Tables and I need to have them, then, why not take advantage of them for indexing the Graph vertices instead of the user profile? It's basically the same thing, I can still access the UserProfile pretty quickly, just go to the Vertex and then to the UserProfile. But, do you see any cons on this second solution against the first one? Or only pros that overpower the pros and cons on the first solution? Other Solution) If you have any other solution, I'm all ears. But please explain the pros and cons of that solution over the previous 2. I really don't have much time to be wasting with this right now, I need to move on with this project, so, if I'm doing to do such a change, I need to understand exactly what to change and if that's really the way to go. Hopefully no one fell asleep reading this and closed the browser, sorry for the big testament. But I really need to decide what to do about this and I really need to make a change. P.S: When answering my proposed solutions, please enumerate them as I did so I know exactly what are you talking about and don't confuse my self more than I already am.

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• Jquery fade and swap an element when clicked which will also relate to an accordian menu

  - by Nik

  You will notice when you click posture 1 the description drops down and images appear on the right. Now when you click posture 2 or posture 3 the images and description change as they should. What I need to do now is - If posture 1 has been clicked and then posture 2 is clicked the posture 1 menu needs to close so that there is only one posture description visible at one time. If I could also make it so that if the current open posture item is clicked so that it closes and there are no open posture descriptions that there also no images displayed on the right. Finally is there a way to make sure only one set of animation images is running, because just say the user goes through all 26 options and they continue to run in the background it may get sluggish (thanks to Nick Craver for bringing that up). At this stage only posture 1, 2 and 3 are available. Ok finally some code - //Description drop-down boxes $(document).ready(function(){ //Hide (Collapse) the toggle containers on load $(".toggle_container").hide(); //Switch the "Open" and "Close" state per click $("h5.trigger").toggle(function(){ $(this).addClass("active"); }, function () { $(this).removeClass("active"); }); //Slide up and down on click $("h5.trigger").click(function(){ $(this).next(".toggle_container").slideToggle("slow"); }); }); //Images on the right fade in and out thanks to aSeptik $(document).ready(function(){ $('#section_Q_01,#section_Q_02,#section_Q_03').hide(); $(function() { $('h5.trigger a').click( function(e) { e.preventDefault(); var trigger_id = $(this).parent().attr('id'); //get id Q_## $('.current').removeClass('current').hide(); //add a class for easy access & hide $('#section_' + trigger_id).addClass('current').fadeIn(5000); //show clicked one }); }); }); //Fading pics $(document).ready(function(){ $('.pics').cycle({ fx: 'fade', speed: 2500 }); }); Description boxes - <h5 class="trigger" id="Q_01" ><a href="#">Posture 1 : Standing Deep Breathing :</a></h5> <div class="toggle_container" > <div class="block"> <span class="sc">Pranayama Series</span> <p class="bold">Benefits:</p> </div> </div> <h5 class="trigger" id="Q_02" ><a href="#">Posture 2 : Half Moon Pose With Hands To Feet Pose :</a></h5> <div class="toggle_container"> <div class="block"> <span class="sc">Ardha Chandrasana with Pada-Hastasana</span> <p class="bold">Benefits:</p> </div> </div> <h5 class="trigger" id="Q_03" ><a href="#">Posture 3 : Awkward Pose :</a></h5> <div class="toggle_container"> <div class="block"> <span class="sc">Utkatasana</span> <p class="bold">Benefits:</p> </div> </div> and the images on the right - <div id="section_Q_01" class="01"> <div class="pics"> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose1/Pranayama._01.jpg"/> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose1/Pranayama._02.jpg"/> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose1/Pranayama._03.jpg"/> </div> </div> <div id="section_Q_02" class="02"> <div class="pics"> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose2/Half_Moon_Pose_04.jpg" /> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose2/Backward_Bending_05.jpg" /> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose2/Hands_to_Feet_Pose_06.jpg" /> </div> </div> <div id="section_Q_03" class="03"> <div class="pics"> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose3/Awkward_01.jpg" /> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose3/Awkward_02.jpg" /> <img src="../images/multi/poses/pose3/Awkward_03.jpg" /> </div> </div> It would be a bonus if images faded out when another element is clicked... but not a big deal. Thanks for having a look

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• Cobol: science and fiction

  - by user847

  There are a few threads about the relevance of the Cobol programming language on this forum, e.g. this thread links to a collection of them. What I am interested in here is a frequently repeated claim based on a study by Gartner from 1997: that there were around 200 billion lines of code in active use at that time! I would like to ask some questions to verify or falsify a couple of related points. My goal is to understand if this statement has any truth to it or if it is totally unrealistic. I apologize in advance for being a little verbose in presenting my line of thought and my own opinion on the things I am not sure about, but I think it might help to put things in context and thus highlight any wrong assumptions and conclusions I have made. Sometimes, the "200 billion lines" number is accompanied by the added claim that this corresponded to 80% of all programming code in any language in active use. Other times, the 80% merely refer to so-called "business code" (or some other vague phrase hinting that the reader is not to count mainstream software, embedded systems or anything else where Cobol is practically non-existent). In the following I assume that the code does not include double-counting of multiple installations of the same software (since that is cheating!). In particular in the time prior to the y2k problem, it has been noted that a lot of Cobol code is already 20 to 30 years old. That would mean it was written in the late 60ies and 70ies. At that time, the market leader was IBM with the IBM/370 mainframe. IBM has put up a historical announcement on his website quoting prices and availability. According to the sheet, prices are about one million dollars for machines with up to half a megabyte of memory. Question 1: How many mainframes have actually been sold? I have not found any numbers for those times; the latest numbers are for the year 2000, again by Gartner. :^( I would guess that the actual number is in the hundreds or the low thousands; if the market size was 50 billion in 2000 and the market has grown exponentially like any other technology, it might have been merely a few billions back in 1970. Since the IBM/370 was sold for twenty years, twenty times a few thousand will result in a couple of ten-thousands of machines (and that is pretty optimistic)! Question 2: How large were the programs in lines of code? I don't know how many bytes of machine code result from one line of source code on that architecture. But since the IBM/370 was a 32-bit machine, any address access must have used 4 bytes plus instruction (2, maybe 3 bytes for that?). If you count in operating system and data for the program, how many lines of code would have fit into the main memory of half a megabyte? Question 3: Was there no standard software? Did every single machine sold run a unique hand-coded system without any standard software? Seriously, even if every machine was programmed from scratch without any reuse of legacy code (wait ... didn't that violate one of the claims we started from to begin with???) we might have O(50,000 l.o.c./machine) * O(20,000 machines) = O(1,000,000,000 l.o.c.). That is still far, far, far away from 200 billion! Am I missing something obvious here? Question 4: How many programmers did we need to write 200 billion lines of code? I am really not sure about this one, but if we take an average of 10 l.o.c. per day, we would need 55 million man-years to achieve this! In the time-frame of 20 to 30 years this would mean that there must have existed two to three million programmers constantly writing, testing, debugging and documenting code. That would be about as many programmers as we have in China today, wouldn't it? Question 5: What about the competition? So far, I have come up with two things here: 1) IBM had their own programming language, PL/I. Above I have assumed that the majority of code has been written exclusively using Cobol. However, all other things being equal I wonder if IBM marketing had really pushed their own development off the market in favor of Cobol on their machines. Was there really no relevant code base of PL/I? 2) Sometimes (also on this board in the thread quoted above) I come across the claim that the "200 billion lines of code" are simply invisible to anybody outside of "governments, banks ..." (and whatnot). Actually, the DoD had funded their own language in order to increase cost effectiveness and reduce the proliferation of programming language. This lead to their use of Ada. Would they really worry about having so many different programming languages if they had predominantly used Cobol? If there was any language running on "government and military" systems outside the perception of mainstream computing, wouldn't that language be Ada? I hope someone can point out any flaws in my assumptions and/or conclusions and shed some light on whether the above claim has any truth to it or not.

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• Is there a better way to avoid an infinite loop using winforms?

  - by Hamish Grubijan

  I am using .Net 3.5 for now. Right now I am using a using trick to disable and enable events around certain sections of code. The user can change either days, hours, minutes or total minutes, and that should not cause an infinite cascade of events (e.g. minutes changing total, total changing minutes, etc.) While the code does what I want, there might be a better / more straight-forward way. Do you know of any? For brawny points: This control will be used by multiple teams - I do not want to make it embarrassing. I suspect that I do not need to reinvent the wheel when defining hours in a day, days in week, etc. Some other standard .Net library out there must have it. Any other remarks regarding code? This using (EventHacker.DisableEvents(this)) business - that must be a common pattern in .Net ... changing the setting temporarily. What is the name of it? I'd like to be able to refer to it in a comment and also read up more on current implementations. In the general case not only a handle to the thing being changed needs to be remembered, but also the previous state (in this case previous state does not matter - events are turned on and off unconditionally). Then there is also a possibility of multi-threaded hacking. One could also utilize generics to make the code arguably cleaner. Figuring all this out can lead to a multi-page blog post. I'd be happy to hear some of the answers. P.S. Does it seem like I suffer from obsessive compulsive disorder? Some people like to get things finished and move on; I like to keep them open ... there is always a better way. // Corresponding Designer class is omitted. using System; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace XYZ // Real name masked { interface IEventHackable { void EnableEvents(); void DisableEvents(); } public partial class PollingIntervalGroupBox : GroupBox, IEventHackable { private const int DAYS_IN_WEEK = 7; private const int MINUTES_IN_HOUR = 60; private const int HOURS_IN_DAY = 24; private const int MINUTES_IN_DAY = MINUTES_IN_HOUR * HOURS_IN_DAY; private const int MAX_TOTAL_DAYS = 100; private static readonly decimal MIN_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES = 1; // Anything faster than once per minute can bog down our servers. private static readonly decimal MAX_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES = (MAX_TOTAL_DAYS * MINUTES_IN_DAY) - 1; // 99 days should be plenty. // The value above was chosen so to not cause an overflow exception. // Watch out for it - numericUpDownControls each have a MaximumValue setting. public PollingIntervalGroupBox() { InitializeComponent(); InitializeComponentCustom(); } private void InitializeComponentCustom() { this.m_upDownDays.Maximum = MAX_TOTAL_DAYS - 1; this.m_upDownHours.Maximum = HOURS_IN_DAY - 1; this.m_upDownMinutes.Maximum = MINUTES_IN_HOUR - 1; this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.Maximum = MAX_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES; this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.Minimum = MIN_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES; } private void m_upDownTotalMinutes_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { setTotalMinutes(this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.Value); } private void m_upDownDays_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { updateTotalMinutes(); } private void m_upDownHours_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { updateTotalMinutes(); } private void m_upDownMinutes_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { updateTotalMinutes(); } private void updateTotalMinutes() { this.setTotalMinutes( MINUTES_IN_DAY * m_upDownDays.Value + MINUTES_IN_HOUR * m_upDownHours.Value + m_upDownMinutes.Value); } public decimal TotalMinutes { get { return m_upDownTotalMinutes.Value; } set { m_upDownTotalMinutes.Value = value; } } public decimal TotalHours { set { setTotalMinutes(value * MINUTES_IN_HOUR); } } public decimal TotalDays { set { setTotalMinutes(value * MINUTES_IN_DAY); } } public decimal TotalWeeks { set { setTotalMinutes(value * DAYS_IN_WEEK * MINUTES_IN_DAY); } } private void setTotalMinutes(decimal nTotalMinutes) { if (nTotalMinutes < MIN_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES) { setTotalMinutes(MIN_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES); return; // Must be carefull with recursion. } if (nTotalMinutes > MAX_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES) { setTotalMinutes(MAX_TOTAL_NUM_MINUTES); return; // Must be carefull with recursion. } using (EventHacker.DisableEvents(this)) { // First set the total minutes this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.Value = nTotalMinutes; // Then set the rest this.m_upDownDays.Value = (int)(nTotalMinutes / MINUTES_IN_DAY); nTotalMinutes = nTotalMinutes % MINUTES_IN_DAY; // variable reuse. this.m_upDownHours.Value = (int)(nTotalMinutes / MINUTES_IN_HOUR); nTotalMinutes = nTotalMinutes % MINUTES_IN_HOUR; this.m_upDownMinutes.Value = nTotalMinutes; } } // Event magic public void EnableEvents() { this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.ValueChanged += this.m_upDownTotalMinutes_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownDays.ValueChanged += this.m_upDownDays_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownHours.ValueChanged += this.m_upDownHours_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownMinutes.ValueChanged += this.m_upDownMinutes_ValueChanged; } public void DisableEvents() { this.m_upDownTotalMinutes.ValueChanged -= this.m_upDownTotalMinutes_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownDays.ValueChanged -= this.m_upDownDays_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownHours.ValueChanged -= this.m_upDownHours_ValueChanged; this.m_upDownMinutes.ValueChanged -= this.m_upDownMinutes_ValueChanged; } // We give as little info as possible to the 'hacker'. private sealed class EventHacker : IDisposable { IEventHackable _hackableHandle; public static IDisposable DisableEvents(IEventHackable hackableHandle) { return new EventHacker(hackableHandle); } public EventHacker(IEventHackable hackableHandle) { this._hackableHandle = hackableHandle; this._hackableHandle.DisableEvents(); } public void Dispose() { this._hackableHandle.EnableEvents(); } } } }

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• XML over HTTP with JMS and Spring

  - by Will Sumekar

  I have a legacy HTTP server where I need to send an XML file over HTTP request (POST) using Java (not browser) and the server will respond with another XML in its HTTP response. It is similar to Web Service but there's no WSDL and I have to follow the existing XML structure to construct my XML to be sent. I have done a research and found an example that matches my requirement here. The example uses HttpClient from Apache Commons. (There are also other examples I found but they use java.net networking package (like URLConnection) which is tedious so I don't want to use them). But it's also my requirement to use Spring and JMS. I know from Spring's reference that it's possible to combine HttpClient, JMS and Spring. My question is, how? Note that it's NOT in my requirement to use HttpClient. If you have a better suggestion, I'm welcome. Appreciate it. For your reference, here's the XML-over-HTTP example I've been talking about: /* * $Header: * $Revision$ * $Date$ * ==================================================================== * * Copyright 2002-2004 The Apache Software Foundation * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * ==================================================================== * * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation. For more * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see * <http://www.apache.org/>. * * [Additional notices, if required by prior licensing conditions] * */ import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity; import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod; /** * * This is a sample application that demonstrates * how to use the Jakarta HttpClient API. * * This application sends an XML document * to a remote web server using HTTP POST * * @author Sean C. Sullivan * @author Ortwin Glück * @author Oleg Kalnichevski */ public class PostXML { /** * * Usage: * java PostXML http://mywebserver:80/ c:\foo.xml * * @param args command line arguments * Argument 0 is a URL to a web server * Argument 1 is a local filename * */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println( "Usage: java -classpath <classpath> [-Dorg.apache.commons."+ "logging.simplelog.defaultlog=<loglevel>]" + " PostXML <url> <filename>]"); System.out.println("<classpath> - must contain the "+ "commons-httpclient.jar and commons-logging.jar"); System.out.println("<loglevel> - one of error, "+ "warn, info, debug, trace"); System.out.println("<url> - the URL to post the file to"); System.out.println("<filename> - file to post to the URL"); System.out.println(); System.exit(1); } // Get target URL String strURL = args[0]; // Get file to be posted String strXMLFilename = args[1]; File input = new File(strXMLFilename); // Prepare HTTP post PostMethod post = new PostMethod(strURL); // Request content will be retrieved directly // from the input stream // Per default, the request content needs to be buffered // in order to determine its length. // Request body buffering can be avoided when // content length is explicitly specified post.setRequestEntity(new InputStreamRequestEntity( new FileInputStream(input), input.length())); // Specify content type and encoding // If content encoding is not explicitly specified // ISO-8859-1 is assumed post.setRequestHeader( "Content-type", "text/xml; charset=ISO-8859-1"); // Get HTTP client HttpClient httpclient = new HttpClient(); // Execute request try { int result = httpclient.executeMethod(post); // Display status code System.out.println("Response status code: " + result); // Display response System.out.println("Response body: "); System.out.println(post.getResponseBodyAsString()); } finally { // Release current connection to the connection pool // once you are done post.releaseConnection(); } } }

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• How should I delete a child object from within a parent's slot? Possibly boost::asio specific.

  - by kaliatech

  I have written a network server class that maintains a std::set of network clients. The network clients emit a signal to the network server on disconnect (via boost::bind). When a network client disconnects, the client instance needs to be removed from the Set and eventually deleted. I would think this is a common pattern, but I am having problems that might, or might not, be specific to ASIO. I've tried to trim down to just the relevant code: /** NetworkServer.hpp **/ class NetworkServices : private boost::noncopyable { public: NetworkServices(void); ~NetworkServices(void); private: void run(); void onNetworkClientEvent(NetworkClientEvent&); private: std::set<boost::shared_ptr<const NetworkClient>> clients; }; /** NetworkClient.cpp **/ void NetworkServices::run() { running = true; boost::asio::io_service::work work(io_service); //keeps service running even if no operations // This creates just one thread for the boost::asio async network services boost::thread iot(boost::bind(&NetworkServices::run_io_service, this)); while (running) { boost::system::error_code err; try { tcp::socket* socket = new tcp::socket(io_service); acceptor->accept(*socket, err); if (!err) { NetworkClient* networkClient = new NetworkClient(io_service, boost::shared_ptr<tcp::socket>(socket)); networkClient->networkClientEventSignal.connect(boost::bind(&NetworkServices::onNetworkClientEvent, this, _1)); clients.insert(boost::shared_ptr<NetworkClient>(networkClient)); networkClient->init(); //kicks off 1st asynch_read call } } // etc... } } void NetworkServices::onNetworkClientEvent(NetworkClientEvent& evt) { switch(evt.getType()) { case NetworkClientEvent::CLIENT_ERROR : { boost::shared_ptr<const NetworkClient> clientPtr = evt.getClient().getSharedPtr(); // ------ THIS IS THE MAGIC LINE ----- // If I keep this, the io_service hangs. If I comment it out, // everything works fine (but I never delete the disconnected NetworkClient). // If actually deleted the client here I might expect problems because it is the caller // of this method via boost::signal and bind. However, The clientPtr is a shared ptr, and a // reference is being kept in the client itself while signaling, so // I would the object is not going to be deleted from the heap here. That seems to be the case. // Never-the-less, this line makes all the difference, most likely because it controls whether or not the NetworkClient ever gets deleted. clients.erase(clientPtr); //I should probably put this socket clean-up in NetworkClient destructor. Regardless by doing this, // I would expect the ASIO socket stuff to be adequately cleaned-up after this. tcp::socket& socket = clientPtr->getSocket(); try { socket.shutdown(boost::asio::socket_base::shutdown_both); socket.close(); } catch(...) { CommServerContext::error("Error while shutting down and closing socket."); } break; } default : { break; } } } /** NetworkClient.hpp **/ class NetworkClient : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<NetworkClient>, Client { NetworkClient(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, boost::shared_ptr<tcp::socket> socket); virtual ~NetworkClient(void); inline boost::shared_ptr<const NetworkClient> getSharedPtr() const { return shared_from_this(); }; boost::signal <void (NetworkClientEvent&)> networkClientEventSignal; void onAsyncReadHeader(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred); }; /** NetworkClient.cpp - onAsyncReadHeader method called from io_service.run() thread as result of an async_read operation. Error condition usually result of an unexpected client disconnect.**/ void NetworkClient::onAsyncReadHeader( const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { if (error) { //Make sure this instance doesn't get deleted from parent/slot deferencing //Alternatively, somehow schedule for future delete? boost::shared_ptr<const NetworkClient> clientPtr = getSharedPtr(); //Signal to service that this client is disconnecting NetworkClientEvent evt(*this, NetworkClientEvent::CLIENT_ERROR); networkClientEventSignal(evt); networkClientEventSignal.disconnect_all_slots(); return; } I believe it's not safe to delete the client from within the slot handler because the function return would be ... undefined? (Interestingly, it doesn't seem to blow up on me though.) So I've used boost:shared_ptr along with shared_from_this to make sure the client doesn't get deleted until all slots have been signaled. It doesn't seem to really matter though. I believe this question is not specific to ASIO, but the problem manifests in a peculiar way when using ASIO. I have one thread executing io_service.run(). All ASIO read/write operations are performed asynchronously. Everything works fine with multiple clients connecting/disconnecting UNLESS I delete my client object from the Set per the code above. If I delete my client object, the io_service seemingly deadlocks internally and no further asynchronous operations are performed unless I start another thread. I have try/catches around the io_service.run() call and have not been able to detect any errors. Questions: Are there best practices for deleting child objects, that are also signal emitters, from within parent slots? Any ideas as to why the io_service is hanging when I delete my network client object?

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• App crashes when adding array data to table cells

  - by bassmandan

  I am trying to create a table view that loads a number of tweets into the table (one per cell etc). I am using NSXMLParser to get the information and have got as far as creating an array with the selection of tweets that I want. However, when I try to add them to the table cells, the app crashes on the line: cell.textLabel.text = cellValue; An NSLog before this shows in the console that the app is getting the correct data, so I am a bit stumped as to why this isn't working. This is the block of code that appears to be having the problem: - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; } // Set up the cell... NSString *cellValue = [statuses objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSLog(@"%@", cellValue); cell.textLabel.text = cellValue; return cell;} If it makes a difference, I am using ARC and the latest version of XCode. I'm still quite new to all this, so if I need to give some extra information, let me know. Thanks in advance. Edit: Backtrace gives the following: * thread #1: tid = 0x2003, 0x918a19c6 libsystem_kernel.dylib`__pthread_kill + 10, stop reason = signal SIGABRT frame #0: 0x918a19c6 libsystem_kernel.dylib`__pthread_kill + 10 frame #1: 0x9968ff78 libsystem_c.dylib`pthread_kill + 106 frame #2: 0x99680bdd libsystem_c.dylib`abort + 167 frame #3: 0x03c93e78 libc++abi.dylib`_Unwind_DeleteException frame #4: 0x03c9189e libc++abi.dylib`_ZL17default_terminatev + 34 frame #5: 0x0154df4b libobjc.A.dylib`_objc_terminate + 94 frame #6: 0x03c918de libc++abi.dylib`_ZL19safe_handler_callerPFvvE + 13 frame #7: 0x03c91946 libc++abi.dylib`std::terminate() + 23 frame #8: 0x03c92ab2 libc++abi.dylib`__cxa_throw + 110 frame #9: 0x0154de15 libobjc.A.dylib`objc_exception_throw + 311 frame #10: 0x013bdced CoreFoundation`-[NSObject doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 253 frame #11: 0x01322f00 CoreFoundation`___forwarding___ + 432 frame #12: 0x01322ce2 CoreFoundation`_CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 50 frame #13: 0x0015168f UIKit`-[UILabel setText:] + 56 frame #14: 0x00003088 Twitter`-[TwitterViewController tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath:] + 376 at TwitterViewController.m:131 frame #15: 0x000ace0f UIKit`-[UITableView(UITableViewInternal) _createPreparedCellForGlobalRow:withIndexPath:] + 494 frame #16: 0x000ad589 UIKit`-[UITableView(UITableViewInternal) _createPreparedCellForGlobalRow:] + 69 frame #17: 0x00098dfd UIKit`-[UITableView(_UITableViewPrivate) _updateVisibleCellsNow:] + 1350 frame #18: 0x000a7851 UIKit`-[UITableView layoutSubviews] + 242 frame #19: 0x00052301 UIKit`-[UIView(CALayerDelegate) layoutSublayersOfLayer:] + 145 frame #20: 0x013bde72 CoreFoundation`-[NSObject performSelector:withObject:] + 66 frame #21: 0x01d6692d QuartzCore`-[CALayer layoutSublayers] + 266 frame #22: 0x01d70827 QuartzCore`CA::Layer::layout_if_needed(CA::Transaction*) + 231 frame #23: 0x01cf6fa7 QuartzCore`CA::Context::commit_transaction(CA::Transaction*) + 377 frame #24: 0x01cf8ea6 QuartzCore`CA::Transaction::commit() + 374 frame #25: 0x01d8430c QuartzCore`+[CATransaction flush] + 52 frame #26: 0x000124c6 UIKit`-[UIApplication _reportAppLaunchFinished] + 39 frame #27: 0x00012bd6 UIKit`-[UIApplication _runWithURL:payload:launchOrientation:statusBarStyle:statusBarHidden:] + 1324 frame #28: 0x00021743 UIKit`-[UIApplication handleEvent:withNewEvent:] + 1027 frame #29: 0x000221f8 UIKit`-[UIApplication sendEvent:] + 68 frame #30: 0x00015aa9 UIKit`_UIApplicationHandleEvent + 8196 frame #31: 0x012a6fa9 GraphicsServices`PurpleEventCallback + 1274 frame #32: 0x013901c5 CoreFoundation`__CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE1_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 53 frame #33: 0x012f5022 CoreFoundation`__CFRunLoopDoSource1 + 146 frame #34: 0x012f390a CoreFoundation`__CFRunLoopRun + 2218 frame #35: 0x012f2db4 CoreFoundation`CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 212 frame #36: 0x012f2ccb CoreFoundation`CFRunLoopRunInMode + 123 frame #37: 0x000122a7 UIKit`-[UIApplication _run] + 576 frame #38: 0x00013a9b UIKit`UIApplicationMain + 1175 frame #39: 0x0000239d Twitter`main + 141 at main.m:16 frame #40: 0x00002305 Twitter`start + 53 Debugging console shows this: 2012-04-08 10:10:05.084 Twitter[25309:f803] ( { text = "Have you shared the Shakedown yet? http://t.co/WHrIC9w7"; }, { text = "For all you closet rocknrollas pencil in Sat 12th May The Rebirth of Rock n Roll Party. Haywire Saint @ The Good... http://t.co/OXHKlLIV"; }, { text = "4 weeks today: Vocal tracks will be getting recorded at The Premises Studios"; }, { text = "Rehearsal tonight in preparation to some big recording next month!"; }, { text = "haywire saint 'great taste.' Tune. \n\nhttp://t.co/GKmu5Lna http://t.co/0fii55Hw"; }, { text = "Meeting up with an old roadie for The Cure today. oh the stories...... http://t.co/UeUYccme"; }, { text = "Satisfying day of programming today.. Haywire Saint app coming along nicely with the custom music player ready to rock 'n' roll!"; }, { text = "Happy Friday Everyone!"; }, { text = "We had a great time at The Premises Studios yesterday. We'll be back there before long :D x"; }, { text = "I posted a new photo to Facebook http://t.co/73qAnCvk"; } ) 2012-04-08 10:10:05.093 Twitter[25309:f803] { text = "Have you shared the Shakedown yet? http://t.co/WHrIC9w7"; } 2012-04-08 10:10:05.094 Twitter[25309:f803] -[__NSCFDictionary isEqualToString:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x6877a50 2012-04-08 10:10:05.096 Twitter[25309:f803] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[__NSCFDictionary isEqualToString:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x6877a50' *** First throw call stack: (0x13bc052 0x154dd0a 0x13bdced 0x1322f00 0x1322ce2 0x15168f 0x3088 0xace0f 0xad589 0x98dfd 0xa7851 0x52301 0x13bde72 0x1d6692d 0x1d70827 0x1cf6fa7 0x1cf8ea6 0x1d8430c 0x124c6 0x12bd6 0x21743 0x221f8 0x15aa9 0x12a6fa9 0x13901c5 0x12f5022 0x12f390a 0x12f2db4 0x12f2ccb 0x122a7 0x13a9b 0x239d 0x2305) terminate called throwing an exception2012-04-08 10:10:05.924 Twitter[25309:f803] -[__NSCFConstantString count]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x5b30

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• Database file is inexplicably locked during SQLite commit

  - by sweeney

  Hello, I'm performing a large number of INSERTS to a SQLite database. I'm using just one thread. I batch the writes to improve performance and have a bit of security in case of a crash. Basically I cache up a bunch of data in memory and then when I deem appropriate, I loop over all of that data and perform the INSERTS. The code for this is shown below: public void Commit() { using (SQLiteConnection conn = new SQLiteConnection(this.connString)) { conn.Open(); using (SQLiteTransaction trans = conn.BeginTransaction()) { using (SQLiteCommand command = conn.CreateCommand()) { command.CommandText = "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO [MY_TABLE] (col1, col2) VALUES (?,?)"; command.Parameters.Add(this.col1Param); command.Parameters.Add(this.col2Param); foreach (Data o in this.dataTemp) { this.col1Param.Value = o.Col1Prop; this. col2Param.Value = o.Col2Prop; command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } this.TryHandleCommit(trans); } conn.Close(); } } I now employ the following gimmick to get the thing to eventually work: private void TryHandleCommit(SQLiteTransaction trans) { try { trans.Commit(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Trying again..."); this.TryHandleCommit(trans); } } I create my DB like so: public DataBase(String path) { //build connection string SQLiteConnectionStringBuilder connString = new SQLiteConnectionStringBuilder(); connString.DataSource = path; connString.Version = 3; connString.DefaultTimeout = 5; connString.JournalMode = SQLiteJournalModeEnum.Persist; connString.UseUTF16Encoding = true; using (connection = new SQLiteConnection(connString.ToString())) { //check for existence of db FileInfo f = new FileInfo(path); if (!f.Exists) //build new blank db { SQLiteConnection.CreateFile(path); connection.Open(); using (SQLiteTransaction trans = connection.BeginTransaction()) { using (SQLiteCommand command = connection.CreateCommand()) { command.CommandText = DataBase.CREATE_MATCHES; command.ExecuteNonQuery(); command.CommandText = DataBase.CREATE_STRING_DATA; command.ExecuteNonQuery(); //TODO add logging } trans.Commit(); } connection.Close(); } } } I then export the connection string and use it to obtain new connections in different parts of the program. At seemingly random intervals, though at far too great a rate to ignore or otherwise workaround this problem, I get unhandled SQLiteException: Database file is locked. This occurs when I attempt to commit the transaction. No errors seem to occur prior to then. This does not always happen. Sometimes the whole thing runs without a hitch. No reads are being performed on these files before the commits finish. I have the very latest SQLite binary. I'm compiling for .NET 2.0. I'm using VS 2008. The db is a local file. All of this activity is encapsulated within one thread / process. Virus protection is off (though I think that was only relevant if you were connecting over a network?). As per Scotsman's post I have implemented the following changes: Journal Mode set to Persist DB files stored in C:\Docs + Settings\ApplicationData via System.Windows.Forms.Application.AppData windows call No inner exception Witnessed on two distinct machines (albeit very similar hardware and software) Have been running Process Monitor - no extraneous processes are attaching themselves to the DB files - the problem is definitely in my code... Does anyone have any idea whats going on here? I know I just dropped a whole mess of code, but I've been trying to figure this out for way too long. My thanks to anyone who makes it to the end of this question! brian UPDATES: Thanks for the suggestions so far! I've implemented many of the suggested changes. I feel that we are getting closer to the answer...however... The code above technically works however it is non-deterministic! It is not guaranteed to do anything aside from spin in neutral forever. In practice it seems to work somewhere between the 1st and 10th iteration. If i batch my commits at a reasonable interval damage will be mitigated but I really do not want to leave things in this state... More suggestions welcome!

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• Asks for Account Type twice

  - by André Fecteau

  Been working on this program for a while now. (had some problems and asked a few times here.) Ran into another one though! The program asks for my account type twice. Can not figure out why or how to fix it. Any help is appreciated, thanks! /* project3.cpp Andre Fecteau CSC135-101 October 29, 2013 This program prints a bank's service fees per month depending on account type */ #include <iostream> using namespace std; /* Basic Function for Copy Paste <function type> <function name> (){ // Declarations // Initalizations // Input // Process // Output // Prolouge } */ void displayInstructions (){ // Declarations // Initalizations // Input // Process // Output cout <<"| -------------------------------------------------------------- |" << endl; cout <<"| ---------- Welcome to the bank fee calculator ---------------- |" << endl; cout <<"| -------------------------------------------------------------- |" << endl; cout <<"| This Program wil ask you to eneter your account number. |" << endl; cout <<"| Then it will ask for your account type Personal or Commercial. |" << endl; cout <<"| Then ask for the amount of checks you have written. |" << endl; cout <<"| Lastly it will output how much your fees are for this month. |" << endl; cout <<"| -------------------------------------------------------------- |" << endl; cout << endl; // Prolouge } int readAccNumb(){ // delarations int accNumber; // intitalizations accNumber = 0.0; // input cout << "Please Enter Account Number:"; cin >> accNumber; // Procesas // output // prolouge return accNumber; } int checksWritten (){ // Declarations int written; // Initalizations written = 0.0; // Input cout <<"Please input the amount of checks you have written this month:"; cin >> written; // Output // Prolouge return written; } char accType (){ // Declarations char answer; int numberBySwitch; // Initalizations numberBySwitch = 1; // Input while (numberBySwitch == 1){ cout << "Please Enter the acount type (C for Comerical and P for Personal):"; cin >> answer; // Process switch (answer){ case 'p': answer = 'P'; numberBySwitch += 2;break; case 'P': numberBySwitch += 2;break; case 'c': answer = 'C'; numberBySwitch += 3;break; case 'C': numberBySwitch += 3;break; default: if(numberBySwitch == 1) { cout << "Error! Please enter a correct type!" <<endl; } } } // Output // Prolouge return answer; } int commericalCalc(int checksWritten){ // Declarations int written; int checkPrice; // Initalizations checkPrice = 0.0; // Input // Process if(written < 20){ checkPrice = 0.10; } // Output // Prolouge return checkPrice; } int personalCalc(int checksWritten){ } double pricePerCheck(char accType, int checksWritten){ // Declarations double price; char answer; // Initalizations price = 0.0; // Input // Process if(accType == 'P'){ } if(accType == 'C'){ if(checksWritten < 20){ price = 0.10; } } // Output // Prolouge return price; } int main(){ // Declarations int accountNumb; char theirAccType; int writtenChecks; double split; // Initalizations accountNumb = 0.0; writtenChecks = 0.0; split = 0.0; theirAccType = ' '; // Input displayInstructions(); theirAccType = accType(); accountNumb = readAccNumb(); split = pricePerCheck(accType(), checksWritten()); // Output cout << endl; cout << "Account Type: " << theirAccType << endl; cout << "Check Price: " << split << endl; // Prolouge return 0; }

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• C++ Sentinel/Count Controlled Loop beginning programming

  - by Bryan Hendricks

  Hello all this is my first post. I'm working on a homework assignment with the following parameters. Piecework Workers are paid by the piece. Often worker who produce a greater quantity of output are paid at a higher rate. 1 - 199 pieces completed $0.50 each 200 - 399 $0.55 each (for all pieces) 400 - 599 $0.60 each 600 or more $0.65 each Input: For each worker, input the name and number of pieces completed. Name Pieces Johnny Begood 265 Sally Great 650 Sam Klutz 177 Pete Precise 400 Fannie Fantastic 399 Morrie Mellow 200 Output: Print an appropriate title and column headings. There should be one detail line for each worker, which shows the name, number of pieces, and the amount earned. Compute and print totals of the number of pieces and the dollar amount earned. Processing: For each person, compute the pay earned by multiplying the number of pieces by the appropriate price. Accumulate the total number of pieces and the total dollar amount paid. Sample Program Output: Piecework Weekly Report Name Pieces Pay Johnny Begood 265 145.75 Sally Great 650 422.50 Sam Klutz 177 88.5 Pete Precise 400 240.00 Fannie Fantastic 399 219.45 Morrie Mellow 200 110.00 Totals 2091 1226.20 You are required to code, compile, link, and run a sentinel-controlled loop program that transforms the input to the output specifications as shown in the above attachment. The input items should be entered into a text file named piecework1.dat and the ouput file stored in piecework1.out . The program filename is piecework1.cpp. Copies of these three files should be e-mailed to me in their original form. Read the name using a single variable as opposed to two different variables. To accomplish this, you must use the getline(stream, variable) function as discussed in class, except that you will replace the cin with your textfile stream variable name. Do not forget to code the compiler directive #include < string at the top of your program to acknowledge the utilization of the string variable, name . Your nested if-else statement, accumulators, count-controlled loop, should be properly designed to process the data correctly. The code below will run, but does not produce any output. I think it needs something around line 57 like a count control to stop the loop. something like (and this is just an example....which is why it is not in the code.) count = 1; while (count <=4) Can someone review the code and tell me what kind of count I need to introduce, and if there are any other changes that need to be made. Thanks. [code] //COS 502-90 //November 2, 2012 //This program uses a sentinel-controlled loop that transforms input to output. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <iomanip> //output formatting #include <string> //string variables using namespace std; int main() { double pieces; //number of pieces made double rate; //amout paid per amount produced double pay; //amount earned string name; //name of worker ifstream inFile; ofstream outFile; //***********input statements**************************** inFile.open("Piecework1.txt"); //opens the input text file outFile.open("piecework1.out"); //opens the output text file outFile << setprecision(2) << showpoint; outFile << name << setw(6) << "Pieces" << setw(12) << "Pay" << endl; outFile << "_____" << setw(6) << "_____" << setw(12) << "_____" << endl; getline(inFile, name, '*'); //priming read inFile >> pieces >> pay >> rate; // ,, while (name != "End of File") //while condition test { //begining of loop pay = pieces * rate; getline(inFile, name, '*'); //get next name inFile >> pieces; //get next pieces } //end of loop inFile.close(); outFile.close(); return 0; }[/code]

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• Update table rows in a non-sequential way using the output of a php script

  - by moviemaniac

  Good evening everybody, this is my very first question and I hope I've done my search in stack's archive at best!!! I need to monitor several devices by querying theyr mysql database and gather some informations. Then these informations are presented to the operator in an html table. I have wrote a php script wich loads devices from a multidimensional array, loops through the array and gather data and create the table. The table structure is the following: <table id="monitoring" class="rt cf"> <thead class="cf"> <tr> <th>Device</th> <th>Company</th> <th>Data1</th> <th>Data2</th> <th>Data3</th> <th>Data4</th> <th>Data5</th> <th>Data6</th> <th>Data7</th> <th>Data8</th> <th>Data9</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr id="Device1"> <td>Devide 1 name</td> <td>xx</td> <td><img src="/path_to_images/ajax_loader.gif" width="24px" /></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr id="Device2"> <td>Devide 1 name</td> <td>xx</td> <td><img src="/path_to_images/ajax_loader.gif" width="24px" /></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr id="DeviceN"> <td>Devide 1 name</td> <td>xx</td> <td><img src="/path_to_images/ajax_loader.gif" width="24px" /></td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The above table is directly populated when I first load the page; then, with a very simple function, i update this table every minute without reloading the page: <script> var auto_refresh = setInterval( function() { jQuery("#monitoring").load('/overview.php').fadeIn("slow"); var UpdateTime= new Date(); var StrUpdateTime; StrUpdateTime= ('0' + UpdateTime.getHours()).slice(-2) + ':' + ('0' + UpdateTime.getMinutes()).slice(-2) + ':' + ('0' + UpdateTime.getSeconds()).slice(-2); jQuery("#progress").text("Updated on: " + StrUpdateTime); }, 60000); </script> The above code runs in a wordpress environment. It comes out that when devices are too much and internet connection is not that fast, the script times out, even if i dramatically increase the timeout period. So it is impossible even to load the page the first time... Therefore I would like to change my code so that I can handle each row as a single entity, with its own refresh period. So when the user first loads the page, he sees n rows (one per device) with the ajax loader image... then an update cycle should start independently for each row, so that the user sees data gathered from each database... then ajax loader when the script is trying to retrieve data, then the gathered data once it has been collected or an error message stating that it is not possible to gather data since hour xx:yy:zz. So rows updating should be somewhat independent from the others, like if each row updating was a single closed process. So that rows updating is not done sequentially from the first row to the last. I hope I've sufficiently detailed my problem. Currently I feel like I am at a dead-end. Could someone please show me somewhere to start from?

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• Access violation reading location 0x00184000.

  - by numerical25

  having troubles with the following line HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&vbd, &vinitData, &mVB)); it appears the CreateBuffer method is having troubles reading &mVB. mVB is defined in box.h and looks like this ID3D10Buffer* mVB; Below is the code it its entirety. this is all files that mVB is in. //Box.cpp #include "Box.h" #include "Vertex.h" #include <vector> Box::Box() : mNumVertices(0), mNumFaces(0), md3dDevice(0), mVB(0), mIB(0) { } Box::~Box() { ReleaseCOM(mVB); ReleaseCOM(mIB); } float Box::getHeight(float x, float z)const { return 0.3f*(z*sinf(0.1f*x) + x*cosf(0.1f*z)); } void Box::init(ID3D10Device* device, float m, float n, float dx) { md3dDevice = device; mNumVertices = m*n; mNumFaces = 12; float halfWidth = (n-1)*dx*0.5f; float halfDepth = (m-1)*dx*0.5f; std::vector<Vertex> vertices(mNumVertices); for(DWORD i = 0; i < m; ++i) { float z = halfDepth - (i * dx); for(DWORD j = 0; j < n; ++j) { float x = -halfWidth + (j* dx); float y = getHeight(x,z); vertices[i*n+j].pos = D3DXVECTOR3(x, y, z); if(y < -10.0f) vertices[i*n+j].color = BEACH_SAND; else if( y < 5.0f) vertices[i*n+j].color = LIGHT_YELLOW_GREEN; else if (y < 12.0f) vertices[i*n+j].color = DARK_YELLOW_GREEN; else if (y < 20.0f) vertices[i*n+j].color = DARKBROWN; else vertices[i*n+j].color = WHITE; } } D3D10_BUFFER_DESC vbd; vbd.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_IMMUTABLE; vbd.ByteWidth = sizeof(Vertex) * mNumVertices; vbd.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; vbd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; vbd.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA vinitData; vinitData.pSysMem = &vertices; HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&vbd, &vinitData, &mVB)); //create the index buffer std::vector<DWORD> indices(mNumFaces*3); // 3 indices per face int k = 0; for(DWORD i = 0; i < m-1; ++i) { for(DWORD j = 0; j < n-1; ++j) { indices[k] = i*n+j; indices[k+1] = i*n+j+1; indices[k+2] = (i*1)*n+j; indices[k+3] = (i*1)*n+j; indices[k+4] = i*n+j+1; indices[k+5] = (i*1)*n+j+1; k+= 6; } } D3D10_BUFFER_DESC ibd; ibd.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_IMMUTABLE; ibd.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * mNumFaces*3; ibd.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; ibd.CPUAccessFlags = 0; ibd.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA iinitData; iinitData.pSysMem = &indices; HR(md3dDevice->CreateBuffer(&ibd, &iinitData, &mIB)); } void Box::Draw() { UINT stride = sizeof(Vertex); UINT offset = 0; md3dDevice->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &mVB, &stride, &offset); md3dDevice->IASetIndexBuffer(mIB, DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0); md3dDevice->DrawIndexed(mNumFaces*3, 0 , 0); } //Box.h #ifndef _BOX_H #define _BOX_H #include "d3dUtil.h" Box.h class Box { public: Box(); ~Box(); void init(ID3D10Device* device, float m, float n, float dx); void Draw(); float getHeight(float x, float z)const; private: DWORD mNumVertices; DWORD mNumFaces; ID3D10Device* md3dDevice; ID3D10Buffer* mVB; ID3D10Buffer* mIB; }; #endif Thanks again for the help

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• having trouble with jpa, looks to be reading from cache when told to ignore

  - by jeff

  i'm using jpa and eclipselink. it says version 2.0.2.v20100323-r6872 for eclipselink. it's an SE application, small. local persistence unit. i am using a postgres database. i have some code the wakes up once per second and does a jpa query on a table. it's polling to see whether some fields on a given record change. but when i update a field in sql, it keeps showing the same value each time i query it. and this is after waiting, creating a new entitymanager, and giving a query hint. when i query the table from sql or python, i can see the changed field. but from within my jpa query, once i've read the value, it never changes in later executions of the query -- even though the entity manager has been recreated. i've tried telling it to not look in the cache. but it seems to ignore that. very puzzling, can you help please? here is the method. i call this once every 3 seconds. the tgt.getTrlDlrs() println shows me i get the same value for this field on every call of the method ("value won't change"). even if i change the field in the database. when i query the record from outside java, i see the change right away. also, if i stop the java program and restart it, i see the new value printed out immediately: public void exitChk(EntityManagerFactory emf, Main_1 mn){ // this will be a list of the trade close targets that are active List<Pairs01Tradeclosetgt> mn_res = new ArrayList<Pairs01Tradeclosetgt>(); //this is a list of the place number in the array list above //of positions to close ArrayList<Integer> idxsToCl = new ArrayList<Integer>(); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); em.clear(); String qryTxt = "SELECT p FROM Pairs01Tradeclosetgt p WHERE p.isClosed = :isClosed AND p.isFilled = :isFilled"; Query qMn = em.createQuery(qryTxt); qMn.setHint(QueryHints.CACHE_USAGE, CacheUsage.DoNotCheckCache); qMn.setParameter("isClosed", false); qMn.setParameter("isFilled", true); mn_res = (List<Pairs01Tradeclosetgt>) qMn.getResultList(); // are there any trade close targets we need to check for closing? if (mn_res!=null){ //if yes, see whether they've hit their target for (int i=0;i<mn_res.size();i++){ Pairs01Tradeclosetgt tgt = new Pairs01Tradeclosetgt(); tgt = mn_res.get(i); System.out.println("value won't change:" + tgt.getTrlDlrs()); here is my entity class (partial): @Entity @Table(name = "pairs01_tradeclosetgt", catalog = "blah", schema = "public") @NamedQueries({ @NamedQuery(name = "Pairs01Tradeclosetgt.findAll", query = "SELECT p FROM Pairs01Tradeclosetgt p"), @NamedQuery(name = "Pairs01Tradeclosetgt.findByClseRatio", query = "SELECT p FROM Pairs01Tradeclosetgt p WHERE p.clseRatio = :clseRatio")}) public class Pairs01Tradeclosetgt implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @Basic(optional = false) @Column(name = "id") @SequenceGenerator(name="pairs01_tradeclosetgt_id_seq", allocationSize=1) @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator = "pairs01_tradeclosetgt_id_seq") private Integer id; and my persitence unit: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="testpu" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Quotes</class> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Pair</class> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Trderrs</class> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Tradereq</class> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Tradeclosetgt</class> <class>mourv02.Pairs01Orderstatus</class> <properties> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://192.168.1.80:5432/blah"/> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="secret"/> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="noone"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>

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• textbox disappears in paging - php

  - by fusion

  i'm calling the search.php page via ajax to search.html. the problem is, since i've implemented paging, the textbox with the search keyword from search.html 'disappears' when the user clicks the 'Next' button [because the page goes to search.php which has no textbox element] i'd like the textbox with the search keyword to be there, when the user goes through the records via paging. how'd i achieve this? search.html: <body> <form name="myform" class="wrapper"> <input type="text" name="q" onkeyup="showPage();" class="txt_search"/> <input type="button" name="button" onclick="showPage();" class="button"/> <p> <div id="txtHint"></div> <div id="page"></div> </form> </body> search.php [the relevant part]: $self = $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; $limit = 5; //Number of results per page $numpages=ceil($totalrows/$limit); $query = $query." ORDER BY idQuotes LIMIT " . ($page-1)*$limit . ",$limit"; $result = mysql_query($query, $conn) or die('Error:' .mysql_error()); ?> <div class="caption">Search Results</div> <div class="center_div"> <table> <?php while ($row= mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC)) { $cQuote = highlightWords(htmlspecialchars($row['cQuotes']), $search_result); ?> <tr> <td style="text-align:right; font-size:15px;"><?php h($row['cArabic']); ?></td> <td style="font-size:16px;"><?php echo $cQuote; ?></td> <td style="font-size:12px;"><?php h($row['vAuthor']); ?></td> <td style="font-size:12px; font-style:italic; text-align:right;"><?php h($row['vReference']); ?></td> </tr> <?php } ?> </table> </div> <?php //Create and print the Navigation bar $nav=""; if($page > 1) { $nav .= "<a href=\"$self?page=" . ($page-1) . "&q=" .urlencode($search_result) . "\">< Prev</a>"; $first = "<a href=\"$self?page=1&q=" .urlencode($search_result) . "\"><< First</a>" ; } else { $nav .= "&nbsp;"; $first = "&nbsp;"; } for($i = 1 ; $i <= $numpages ; $i++) { if($i == $page) { $nav .= "<B>$i</B>"; }else{ $nav .= "<a href=\"$self?page=" . $i . "&q=" .urlencode($search_result) . "\">$i</a>"; } } if($page < $numpages) { $nav .= "<a href=\"$self?page=" . ($page+1) . "&q=" .urlencode($search_result) . "\">Next ></a>"; $last = "<a href=\"$self?page=$numpages&q=" .urlencode($search_result) . "\">Last >></a> "; } else { $nav .= "&nbsp;"; $last = "&nbsp;"; } echo "<br /><br />" . $first . $nav . $last; }

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