trs 80 - Page 34 - Developer IT

How to append to an array that contains blank spaces - Java

- by Cameron Townley

I'm trying to append to a char[] array that contains blank spaces on the end. The char array for example contains the characters 'aaa'. When I append the first time the method functions properly and outputs 'aaabbb'. The initial capacity of the array is set to 80 or multiples of 80. The second time I try and append my output looks like"aaabbb bbb". Any psuedocode would be great.

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CSS Not Centering Container

- by user269799

I have a container div. Width: 80%, margin-left: 10% and margin-right 10%. The problem is, the container is displaying to the left in all the browsers I check. If I change the value of margin-left to 20%, it looks ok. I will supply code if necessary but is there anything obviously wrong here? Isn't 80 with a margin of 10 on each side correct to center a div? GF

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jquery position changing with .css() behaving strange

- by 11684

I tried to make a moving img, and it works partially. If I press the right, up or down button, it moves right, up or down. But, if I press the left button, it jumps very fast very far to the right, and then back to the left and doesn't stop moving (I believe. I said it was fast). JSFiddle; Javascript: $(document).ready(function() { var up = down = left = right = false; var top = 100, left = 500; $("body").on("keydown", function(e) { if(e.keyCode == 39) {e.preventDefault(); if (right == false) right = setInterval(moveRight, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 37) {e.preventDefault(); if (left == false) left = setInterval(moveLeft, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 38) {e.preventDefault(); if (up == false) up = setInterval(moveUp, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 40) {e.preventDefault(); if (down == false) down = setInterval(moveDown, 80);} }); $("body").on("keyup", function(e) { if(e.keyCode == 39) {clearInterval(right); right = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 37) {clearInterval(left); left = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 38) {clearInterval(up); up = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 40) {clearInterval(down); down = false;} }); function moveUp() { top -= 2; $("#player").css("top", top + "px"); } function moveDown() { top += 2; $("#player").css("top", top + "px"); } function moveLeft() { left -= 2; $("#player").css("left", left + "px"); } function moveRight() { left += 2; $("#player").css("left", left + "px"); } }); This is probably not the best way to do this, I'm open for better suggestions. Thanks for reading!

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which algorithm will be appropriately used for contact intimacy? [closed]

- by bigjava

i need to implement a project with visual intimacy between persons,can anyone recommends an algorithm for person's intimacy in phone contact? intimacy attenuate over time(the intimacy attenuates automatically if you havnt click/dial it for a long time). Assume in my address book: Person Intimacy(0-100%) A 40% B 80% C 10% A's intimacy needs raise after i call A ,like this Person Intimacy(0-100%) A 42% B 80% C 10% nothing happens after follow 5 days, A,B,C's intimacy need decline,like this Person Intimacy(0-100%) A 37% B 78% C 8% thanks for everyone's answer

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Multiple certs with one private key on apache?

- by tenbatsu

Really fundamental question here, but nothing a quick google search is lending itself to. Do I need to generate a separate private key for each cert I use in apache? Server details: % /usr/sbin/httpd -v Server version: Apache/2.2.8 (Unix) Server built: Jan 24 2008 10:44:19 % uname -a Linux *.com 2.6.23.15-80.fc7 #1 SMP Sun Feb 10 17:29:10 EST 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux % cat /proc/versionversion 2.6.23.15-80.fc7 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.1.2 20070925 (Red Hat 4.1.2-27)) #1 SMP Sun Feb 10 17:29:10 EST 2008

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Setting up apache to view https pages

- by zac

I am trying to set up a site using vmware workstation, ubuntu 11.10, and apache2. The site works fine but now the https pages are not showing up. For example if I try to go to https://www.mysite.com/checkout I just see the message Not Found The requested URL /checkout/ was not found on this server. I dont really know what I am doing and have tried a lot of things to get the ssl certificates in there right. A few things I have in there, in my httpd.conf I just have : ServerName localhost In my ports.conf I have : NameVirtualHost *:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 http </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 http </IfModule> In the /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl : <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> .... truncated in the sites-available/default I have : <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www #DocumentRoot /home/magento/site/ <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> #<Directory /home/magento/site/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> <virtualhost *:443> SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/server.key ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> #<Directory /home/magento/site/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </virtualhost> I also have in sites-availabe a file setup for my site url, www.mysite.com so in /etc/apache2/sites-available/mysite.com <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mysite.com DocumentRoot /home/magento/mysite.com <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /home/magento/mysite.com/ > Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/magento/logs/apache.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName mysite.com DocumentRoot /home/magento/mysite.com <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /home/magento/mysite.com/ > Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/magento/logs/apache.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn </VirtualHost> Thanks for any help getting this setup! As is probably obvious from this post I am pretty lost at this point.

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Nginx traffic is going to wrong upsteam when mixing named servers and default servers

- by Morgan

I have the below config file for nginx. The problem is all traffic is going to upstream clustera. How do I configure nginx to only send traffic for example.com to clustera and all the rest to clusterb? user www-data; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; log_format cache '\n*** $remote_addr [$time_local] ' '[$upstream_cache_status] $upstream_response_time ' '$host "$request" ($status) $body_bytes_sent ' '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ' 'Cache-Control: $upstream_http_cache_control ' 'Expires: $upstream_http_expires ' ; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log cache; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; gzip_vary on; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_proxied any; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; gzip_buffers 16 8k; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; proxy_cache_key "$scheme$host$request_uri"; proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=main:10m max_size=1g inactive=30m; upstream clustera { ip_hash; server a.example.com:80; } upstream clusterb { ip_hash; server b.example.com:80; } client_max_body_size 20m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 300; proxy_send_timeout 300; proxy_read_timeout 300; # host for example.com should send traffic to clustera server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location ~*(png|jpeg|jpg|gif|ico|css|js)$ { proxy_pass http://clustera; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_cache main; proxy_cache_valid 200 5m; proxy_cache_valid 302 1m; } location / { proxy_pass http://clustera; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } # host for everyone else. traffic goes to clusterb server { listen 80; server_name _; if ( $http_user_agent ~* (spider|crawler|slurp) ) { return 503; } set $slow 0; if ( $http_user_agent ~* (bot) ) { set $slow 1; } if ( $slow ) { set $limit_rate 1k; } location ~*(png|jpeg|jpg|gif|ico|css|js)$ { proxy_pass http://clusterb; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_cache main; proxy_cache_valid 200 5m; proxy_cache_valid 302 1m; } location /images { proxy_pass http://clisterb; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_cache main; proxy_cache_valid 200 5m; proxy_cache_valid 302 1m; } location / { proxy_pass http://clusterb; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } }

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Nginx - Redirect any Subdomain to File without Rewriting

- by Waffle

Recently I have switched from Apache to Nginx to increase performance on a web server running Ubuntu 11.10. I have been having issues trying to figure out how certain things work in Nginx compared to Apache, but one issue has been stumping me and I have not been able to find the answer online. My problem is that I need to be able to redirect (not rewrite) any sub-domain to a file, but that file needs to be able to get the sub-domain part of the URL in order to do a database look-up of that sub-domain. So far, I have been able to get any sub-domain to rewrite to that file, but then it loses the text of the sub-domain I need. So, for example, I would like test.server.com to redirect to server.com/resolve.php, but still remain as test.server.com. If this is not possible, the thing that I would need at the very least would be something such as going to test.server.com would go to server.com/resolve.php?=test . One of these options must be possible in Nginx. My config as it stands right now looks something like this: server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name www.server.com server.com; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/www; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } server { listen 80 default; server_name *.server.com; rewrite ^ http://www.server.com/resolve.php; } As I said before, I am very new to Nginx, so I have a feeling the answer is pretty simple, but no examples online seem to deal with just redirects without rewrites or rewriting with the sub-domain section included. Any help on what to do would be most appreciated and if any one has a better idea to accomplish what I need, I am also open to ideas. Thank you very much.

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Nginx Multiple Domains

- by showFocus

I am trying to add a second virtual host to nginx. When i go to the new domain it redirects to the old one. I have tried restarting Nginx, rebooting the server. Has anyone come across this before, care to share? File: nginx.conf ### user www-data www-data; worker_processes 4; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay off; keepalive_timeout 5; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; include /usr/local/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } File: ../sites-enabled/domain1.co.uk server { listen 80; server_name www.domain1.co.uk; rewrite ^/(.*) http://domain1.co.uk/$1 permanent; } server { listen 80; server_name domain1.co.uk; access_log /home/me/public_html/domain1.co.uk/log/access.log; error_log /home/me/public_html/domain1.co.uk/log/error.log; location / { root /home/me/public_html/domain1.co.uk/public/; index index.php index.html; # WordPress supercache & permalinks. include /usr/local/nginx/conf/wordpress_params.super_cache; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/me/public_html/domain1.co.uk/public/$fastcgi_script_name; } } File: ../sites-enabled/domain2.co.uk server { listen 80; server_name www.domain2.co.uk; rewrite ^/(.*) http://domain2.co.uk/$1 permanent; } server { listen 80; server_name domain2.co.uk; access_log /home/me/public_html/domain2.co.uk/log/access.log; error_log /home/me/public_html/domain2.co.uk/log/error.log; location / { root /home/me/public_html/domain2.co.uk/public/; index index.php index.html; # Basic version of WordPress parameters, supporting nice permalinks. # include /usr/local/nginx/conf/wordpress_params.regular; # Advanced version of WordPress parameters supporting nice permalinks and WP Super Cache plugin include /usr/local/nginx/conf/wordpress_params.super_cache; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/me/public_html/domain2/public/$fastcgi_script_name; } }

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Configuring nginx server to handle requests from multiple domains

- by KillABug

Use Case:- I am working on a web application which allows to create HTML templates and publish them on amazon S3.Now to publish the websites I use nginx as a proxy server. What the proxy server does is,when a user enters the website URL,I want to identify how to check if the request comes from my application i.e app.mysite.com(This won't change) and route it to apache for regular access,if its coming from some other domain like a regular URL www.mysite.com(This needs to be handled dynamically.Can be random) it goes to the S3 bucket that hosts the template. My current configuration is: user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; charset utf-8; keepalive_timeout 65; server_tokens off; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay off; Default Server Block to catch undefined host names server { listen 80; server_name app.mysite.com; access_log off; error_log off; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; } } } Load all the sites include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; Updates as I was not clear enough :- My question is how can I handle both the domains in the config file.My nginx is a proxy server on port 80 on an EC2 instance.This also hosts my application that runs on apache on a differnet port.So any request coming for my application will come from a domain app.mysite.com and I also want to proxy the hosted templates on S3 which are inside a bucket say sites.mysite.com/coolsite.com/index.html.So if someone hits coolsite.com I want to proxy it to the folder sites.mysite.com/coolsite.com/index.html and not to app.syartee.com.Hope I am clear The other server block: # Server for S3 server { # Listen on port 80 for all IPs associated with your machine listen 80; # Catch all other server names server_name _; //I want it to handle other domains then app.mysite.com # This code gets the host without www. in front and places it inside # the $host_without_www variable # If someone requests www.coolsite.com, then $host_without_www will have the value coolsite.com set $host_without_www $host; if ($host ~* www\.(.*)) { set $host_without_www $1; } location / { # This code rewrites the original request, and adds the host without www in front # E.g. if someone requests # /directory/file.ext?param=value # from the coolsite.com site the request is rewritten to # /coolsite.com/directory/file.ext?param=value set $foo 'http://sites.mysite.com'; # echo "$foo"; rewrite ^(.*)$ $foo/$host_without_www$1 break; # The rewritten request is passed to S3 proxy_pass http://sites.mysite.com; include /etc/nginx/proxy_params; } } Also I understand I will have to make the DNS changes in the cname of the domain.I guess I will have to add app.mysite.com under the CNAME of the template domain name?Please correct if wrong. Thank you for your time

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KVM with one host IP and a different subnet for machines

- by Jguy

I've already setup a KVM host with proper IP configurations, but my host had me create DHCP and use that to assign the IP's to the machines. I want to see if there's an easier way to do it (or better). Upon my first setting out on this, I didn't find anything that pointed me in the right direction. I'm coming off a fresh install of Debian 6.0 x64, so I have nothing installed. I've logged in, queried for the below information and changed the password from my host set one. I have a Debian 6.0 x64 system with the following initial network configuration (substituted 255 in place of my real first octave): # tail /etc/network/interfaces auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 255.9.24.80 broadcast 255.9.24.95 netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 255.9.24.65 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 255.9.24.64 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 255.9.24.65 eth0 I have a /29 subnet that I want the virtual machines to use from my host: IP: 255.46.187.152 /29 Mask: 255.255.255.248 Broadcast: 255.46.187.159 Usable IP addresses: 255.46.187.153 to 255.46.187.158 I like the interface of Cloudmin, so I want to try and use that if I can to administrate my guests. So, my questions: How do I set this up on the host system the best so that I can use the additional Subnet IP's on the guests and have them accessible from the internet? I also need to host a DNS server, which means one of these VM's has to have two IP's assigned to it and accessable from the outside world. How can I do that using Cloudmin? I had a question about this here: Multiple IP addresses assigned to one KVM VM But I just reformatted the entire server and am trying to figure out a better way of doing this. Machine information: # ip route show 255.9.24.64/27 via 255.9.24.65 dev eth0 255.9.24.64/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 255.9.24.80 default via 255.9.24.65 dev eth0 brctl is empty # ip addr list 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether c8:60:00:54:b5:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 255.9.24.80/27 brd 255.9.24.95 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::ca60:ff:fe54:b5d8/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Thank you for any help you can provide me. EDIT: I've installed kvm and cloudmin: aptitude install qemu-kvm libvirt-bin wget http://cloudmin.virtualmin.com/gpl/scripts/cloudmin-kvm-debian-install.sh ./cloudmin-kvm-debian-install.sh Rebooted and now my network configuration looks like this: # device: eth0 iface eth0 inet manual # default route to access subnet iface br0 inet static address 255.9.24.80 netmask 255.255.255.224 broadcast 255.9.24.95 network 255.9.24.64 bridge_ports eth0 gateway 255.9.24.65 I setup in Cloudmin the Start IP as 255.46.187.153 and End IP as 255.46.187.158. The CIDR is 29 and the gateway is 255.46.187.152. I've installed a guest with ubuntuserver 12.04 x64, which was able to get and retrieve internet resources during installation, but now cannot reach anything nor can it be reached from anything. Its network configuration is: iface eth0 inet static address 255.46.187.153 netmask 255.255.255.224 broadcast 255.46.187.159 gateway 255.46.187.152 dns-nameservers <host provided nameservers> And is not able to ping google.com through DNS or direct IP, I can't ping the VM from the outside or the host. any ideas now?

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How to use iptables to forward all data from an IP to a Virtual Machine

- by jro

OK, in an attempt to get some response, a TL;DR version. I know that the following command: iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 --dport 80 --source 1.1.1.1 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080 ... will redirect all traffic from port 80 to port 8080. The problem is that I have to do this for every port that is to be redirected. To be future-proof, I want all ports for an IP to be redirected to a different (internal) IP, so that if one might decide to enable SSH, they can directly connect without worrying about iptables. What is needed to reliable forward all traffic from an external IP, to an internal IP, and vice versa? Extended version I've scoured the internet for this, but I never got a solid answer. What I have is one physical server (HOST), with several virtual machines (VM) that need traffic redirected to them. Just getting it to work with a single machine is enough for now. The VM's run under VirtualBox, and are set to use a host-only adapter (vboxnet0). Everything seems to work, but it is greatly lagging. Both the host (CentOS 5.6) and the guest (Ubuntu 10.04) machine are running Linux. What I did was the following: Configure the VM to have a static IP in the network of the vboxnet0 adapter. Add an IP alias to the host, registering to the dedicated (outside) IP. Setup iptables to allow traffic to come through (via sysctl). Configure iptables to DNAT and SNAT data from a given IP address to the internal address. iptables commands: sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -d $OUT_IP -I eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $IN_IP iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s $IN_IP -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source $OUT_IP Now the site works, but is really, really slow. I'm hoping I missed something simple, but I'm out of ideas for now. Some background info: before this, the site was working with basic port forwarding. E.g. port 80 was mapped to port 8080 using iptables. In VirtualBox (having the network adapter configured as NAT), a port forwarding the other way around made things work beautifully. The problem was twofold: first, multiple ports needed to be forwarded (for admin interfaces, https, ssh, etc). Second, it only allowed one IP address to use port 80. To resolve things, multiple external IP addresses are used for different (sub)domains. Likewise, the "VirtualBox" network will contain the virtual machines: DNS Ext. IP Adapter VM "VirtalBox" IP ------------------------------------------------------------------ a.example.com 1.1.1.1 eth0:1 vm_guest_1 192.168.56.1 b.example.com 2.2.2.2 eth0:2 vm_guest_2 192.168.56.2 c.example.com 3.3.3.3 eth0:3 vm_guest_3 192.168.56.3 And so on. Put simply, the goal is to channel all traffic from a.example.com to vm_guest_1 (of put differently, from 1.1.1.1 to 192.168.56.1). And achieve this with an acceptable speed :).

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Upload Certificate and Key to RUEI in order to decrypt SSL traffic

- by stefan.thieme(at)oracle.com

So you want to monitor encrypted traffic with your RUEI collector ?Actually this is an easy thing if you follow the lines below...I will start out with creating a pair of snakeoil (so called self-signed) certificate and key with the make-ssl-cert tool which comes pre-packaged with apache only for the purpose of this example.$ sudo make-ssl-cert generate-default-snakeoil$ sudo ls -l /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 615 2010-06-07 10:03 /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem-rw-r----- 1 root ssl-cert 891 2010-06-07 10:03 /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyRUEI Configuration of Security SSL Keys You will most likely get these two files from your Certificate Authority (CA) and/or your system administrators should be able to extract this from your WebServer or LoadBalancer handling SSL encryption for your infrastructure.Now let's look at the content of these two files, the certificate (apache assumes this is in PEM format) is called a public key and the private key is used by the apache server to encrypt traffic for a client using the certificate to initiate the SSL connection with the server.In case you already know that these two match, you simply have to paste them in one text file and upload this text file to your RUEI instance.$ sudo cat /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key > /tmp/ruei.cert_and_key$ sudo cat /tmp/ruei.cert_and_key -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIBmTCCAQICCQD7O3XXwVilWzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADARMQ8wDQYDVQQDEwZ1 YnVudHUwHhcNMTAwNjA3MDgwMzUzWhcNMjAwNjA0MDgwMzUzWjARMQ8wDQYDVQQD EwZ1YnVudHUwgZ8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBALbs+JnI+p+K7Iqa SQZdnYBxOpdRH0/9jt1QKvmH68v81h9+f1Z2rVR7Zrd/l+ruE3H9VvuzxMlKuMH7 qBX/gmjDZTlj9WJM+zc0tSk+e2udy9he20lGzTxv0vaykJkuKcvSWNk4WE9NuAdg IHZvjKgoTSVmvM1ApMCg69nyOy97AgMBAAEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADgYEAk2rv VEkxR1qPSpJiudDuGUHtWKBKWiWbmSwI3REZT+0vG+YDG5a55NdxgRk3zhQntqF7 gNYjKxblBByBpY7W0ci00kf7kFgvXWMeU96NSQJdnid/YxzQYn0dGL2rSh1dwdPN NPQlNSfnEQ1yxFevR7aRdCqTbTXU3mxi8YaSscE= -----END CERTIFICATE----- -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIICXgIBAAKBgQC27PiZyPqfiuyKmkkGXZ2AcTqXUR9P/Y7dUCr5h+vL/NYffn9W dq1Ue2a3f5fq7hNx/Vb7s8TJSrjB+6gV/4Jow2U5Y/ViTPs3NLUpPntrncvYXttJ Rs08b9L2spCZLinL0ljZOFhPTbgHYCB2b4yoKE0lZrzNQKTAoOvZ8jsvewIDAQAB AoGBAJ7LCWeeUwnKNFqBYmD3RTFpmX4furnal3lBDX0945BZtJr0WZ/6N679zIYA aiVTdGfgjvDC9lHy3n3uctRd0Jqdh2QoSSxNBhq5elIApNIIYzu7w/XI/VhGcDlA b6uadURQEC2q+M8YYjw3mwR2omhCWlHIViOHe/9T8jfP/8pxAkEA7k39WRcQildH DFKcj7gurqlkElHysacMTFWf0ZDTEUS6bdkmNXwK6mH63BlmGLrYAP5AMgKgeDf8 D+WRfv8YKQJBAMSCQ7UGDN3ysyfIIrdc1RBEAk4BOrKHKtD5Ux0z5lcQkaCYrK8J DuSldreN2yOhS99/S4CRWmGkTj04wRSnjwMCQQCaR5mW3QzTU4/m1XEQxsBKSdZE 2hMSmsCmhuSyK13Kl0FPLr/C7qyuc4KSjksABa8kbXaoKfUz/6LLs+ePXZ2JAkAv +mIPk5+WnQgS4XFgdYDrzL8HTpOHPSs+BHG/goltnnT/0ebvgXWqa5+1pyPm6h29 PrYveM2pY1Va6z1xDowDAkEAttfzAwAHz+FUhWQCmOBpvBuW/KhYWKZTMpvxFMSY YD5PH6NNyLfBx0J4nGPN5n/f6il0s9pzt3ko++/eUtWSnQ== -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- Simply click on the add new key and browse for the cert_and_key file on your desktop which you concatenated earlier using any text editor. You may need to add a passphrase in order to decrypt the RSA key in some cases (it should tell you BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY in the header line). I will show you the success screen after uploading the certificate to RUEI. You may want to restart your collector once you have uploaded all the certificate/key pairs you want to use in order to make sure they get picked up asap.You should be able to see the number of SSL Connections rising in the Collector statistics screen below. The figures for decrypt errors should slowly go down and the usage figures for your encryption algortihm on the subsequent SSL Encryption screen should go up. You should be 100% sure everything works fine by now, otherwise see below to distinguish the remaining 1% from your 99% certainty.Verify Certificate and Key are matchingYou can compare the modulus of private key and public certificate and they should match in order for the key to fit the lock. You only want to make sure they both fit each other.We are actually interested only in the following details of the two files, which can be determined by using the -subject, -dates and -modulus command line switches instead of the complete -text output of the x509 certificate/rsa key contents.$ sudo openssl x509 -noout -subject -in /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemsubject= /CN=ubuntu$ sudo openssl x509 -noout -dates -in /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemnotBefore=Jun 7 08:03:53 2010 GMTnotAfter=Jun 4 08:03:53 2020 GMT$ sudo openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem Modulus=B6ECF899C8FA9F8AEC8A9A49065D9D80713A97511F4FFD8EDD502AF987EBCBFCD61F7E7F5676AD547B66B77F97EAEE1371FD56FBB3C4C94AB8C1FBA815FF8268C3653963F5624CFB3734B5293E7B6B9DCBD85EDB4946CD3C6FD2F6B290992E29CBD258D938584F4DB8076020766F8CA8284D2566BCCD40A4C0A0EBD9F23B2F7B $ sudo openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyModulus=B6ECF899C8FA9F8AEC8A9A49065D9D80713A97511F4FFD8EDD502AF987EBCBFCD61F7E7F5676AD547B66B77F97EAEE1371FD56FBB3C4C94AB8C1FBA815FF8268C3653963F5624CFB3734B5293E7B6B9DCBD85EDB4946CD3C6FD2F6B290992E29CBD258D938584F4DB8076020766F8CA8284D2566BCCD40A4C0A0EBD9F23B2F7BAs you can see the modulus matches exactly and we have the proof that the certificate has been created using the private key. OpenSSL Certificate and Key DetailsAs I already told you, you do not need all the greedy details, but in case you want to know it in depth what is actually in those hex-blocks can be made visible with the following commands which show you the actual content in a human readable format.Note: You may not want to post all the details of your private key =^) I told you I have been using a self-signed certificate only for showing you these details.$ sudo openssl rsa -noout -text -in /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyPrivate-Key: (1024 bit)modulus: 00:b6:ec:f8:99:c8:fa:9f:8a:ec:8a:9a:49:06:5d: 9d:80:71:3a:97:51:1f:4f:fd:8e:dd:50:2a:f9:87: eb:cb:fc:d6:1f:7e:7f:56:76:ad:54:7b:66:b7:7f: 97:ea:ee:13:71:fd:56:fb:b3:c4:c9:4a:b8:c1:fb: a8:15:ff:82:68:c3:65:39:63:f5:62:4c:fb:37:34: b5:29:3e:7b:6b:9d:cb:d8:5e:db:49:46:cd:3c:6f: d2:f6:b2:90:99:2e:29:cb:d2:58:d9:38:58:4f:4d: b8:07:60:20:76:6f:8c:a8:28:4d:25:66:bc:cd:40: a4:c0:a0:eb:d9:f2:3b:2f:7bpublicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)privateExponent: 00:9e:cb:09:67:9e:53:09:ca:34:5a:81:62:60:f7: 45:31:69:99:7e:1f:ba:b9:da:97:79:41:0d:7d:3d: e3:90:59:b4:9a:f4:59:9f:fa:37:ae:fd:cc:86:00: 6a:25:53:74:67:e0:8e:f0:c2:f6:51:f2:de:7d:ee: 72:d4:5d:d0:9a:9d:87:64:28:49:2c:4d:06:1a:b9: 7a:52:00:a4:d2:08:63:3b:bb:c3:f5:c8:fd:58:46: 70:39:40:6f:ab:9a:75:44:50:10:2d:aa:f8:cf:18: 62:3c:37:9b:04:76:a2:68:42:5a:51:c8:56:23:87: 7b:ff:53:f2:37:cf:ff:ca:71prime1: 00:ee:4d:fd:59:17:10:8a:57:47:0c:52:9c:8f:b8: 2e:ae:a9:64:12:51:f2:b1:a7:0c:4c:55:9f:d1:90: d3:11:44:ba:6d:d9:26:35:7c:0a:ea:61:fa:dc:19: 66:18:ba:d8:00:fe:40:32:02:a0:78:37:fc:0f:e5: 91:7e:ff:18:29prime2: 00:c4:82:43:b5:06:0c:dd:f2:b3:27:c8:22:b7:5c: d5:10:44:02:4e:01:3a:b2:87:2a:d0:f9:53:1d:33: e6:57:10:91:a0:98:ac:af:09:0e:e4:a5:76:b7:8d: db:23:a1:4b:df:7f:4b:80:91:5a:61:a4:4e:3d:38: c1:14:a7:8f:03exponent1: 00:9a:47:99:96:dd:0c:d3:53:8f:e6:d5:71:10:c6: c0:4a:49:d6:44:da:13:12:9a:c0:a6:86:e4:b2:2b: 5d:ca:97:41:4f:2e:bf:c2:ee:ac:ae:73:82:92:8e: 4b:00:05:af:24:6d:76:a8:29:f5:33:ff:a2:cb:b3: e7:8f:5d:9d:89exponent2: 2f:fa:62:0f:93:9f:96:9d:08:12:e1:71:60:75:80: eb:cc:bf:07:4e:93:87:3d:2b:3e:04:71:bf:82:89: 6d:9e:74:ff:d1:e6:ef:81:75:aa:6b:9f:b5:a7:23: e6:ea:1d:bd:3e:b6:2f:78:cd:a9:63:55:5a:eb:3d: 71:0e:8c:03coefficient: 00:b6:d7:f3:03:00:07:cf:e1:54:85:64:02:98:e0: 69:bc:1b:96:fc:a8:58:58:a6:53:32:9b:f1:14:c4: 98:60:3e:4f:1f:a3:4d:c8:b7:c1:c7:42:78:9c:63: cd:e6:7f:df:ea:29:74:b3:da:73:b7:79:28:fb:ef: de:52:d5:92:9d$ sudo openssl x509 -noout -text -in /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemCertificate: Data: Version: 1 (0x0) Serial Number: fb:3b:75:d7:c1:58:a5:5b Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: CN=ubuntu Validity Not Before: Jun 7 08:03:53 2010 GMT Not After : Jun 4 08:03:53 2020 GMT Subject: CN=ubuntu Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption RSA Public Key: (1024 bit) Modulus (1024 bit): 00:b6:ec:f8:99:c8:fa:9f:8a:ec:8a:9a:49:06:5d: 9d:80:71:3a:97:51:1f:4f:fd:8e:dd:50:2a:f9:87: eb:cb:fc:d6:1f:7e:7f:56:76:ad:54:7b:66:b7:7f: 97:ea:ee:13:71:fd:56:fb:b3:c4:c9:4a:b8:c1:fb: a8:15:ff:82:68:c3:65:39:63:f5:62:4c:fb:37:34: b5:29:3e:7b:6b:9d:cb:d8:5e:db:49:46:cd:3c:6f: d2:f6:b2:90:99:2e:29:cb:d2:58:d9:38:58:4f:4d: b8:07:60:20:76:6f:8c:a8:28:4d:25:66:bc:cd:40: a4:c0:a0:eb:d9:f2:3b:2f:7b Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption 93:6a:ef:54:49:31:47:5a:8f:4a:92:62:b9:d0:ee:19:41:ed: 58:a0:4a:5a:25:9b:99:2c:08:dd:11:19:4f:ed:2f:1b:e6:03: 1b:96:b9:e4:d7:71:81:19:37:ce:14:27:b6:a1:7b:80:d6:23: 2b:16:e5:04:1c:81:a5:8e:d6:d1:c8:b4:d2:47:fb:90:58:2f: 5d:63:1e:53:de:8d:49:02:5d:9e:27:7f:63:1c:d0:62:7d:1d: 18:bd:ab:4a:1d:5d:c1:d3:cd:34:f4:25:35:27:e7:11:0d:72: c4:57:af:47:b6:91:74:2a:93:6d:35:d4:de:6c:62:f1:86:92: b1:c1The above output can also be seen if you direct your browser client to your website and check the certificate sent by the server to your browser. You will be able to lookup all the details including the validity dates, subject common name and the public key modulus.Capture an SSL connection using WiresharkAnd as you would have expected, looking at the low-level tcp data that has been exchanged between the client and server with a tcp-diagnostics tool (i.e. wireshark/tcpdump) you can also see the modulus in there.These were the settings I used to capture all traffic on the local loopback interface, matching the filter expression: tcp and ip and host 127.0.0.1 and port 443. This tells Wireshark to leave out any other information, I may not have been interested in showing you.

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Java installation problem

- by Zxy

I cannot install java on my ubuntu 12.04: zero@ghostrider:~$ sudo apt-get purge openjdk* [sudo] password for zero: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-demo' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-jre-headless' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-jre' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-source' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-dbg' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk7-jdk' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-doc' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-jre-zero' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-demo' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-jre-headless' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-jdk' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-jre' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-jre-lib' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-jre-zero' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-dbg' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-doc' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-jdk' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-jre' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-6-source' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'openjdk-7-jre-lib' for regex 'openjdk*' Note, selecting 'uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6' for regex 'openjdk*' Package uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 is not installed, so not removed Package uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-dbg is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-demo is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-doc is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-jdk is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-jre is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-jre-headless is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-jre-lib is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-source is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-6-jre-zero is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-dbg is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-demo is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-doc is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-jdk is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-jre is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-jre-headless is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-jre-lib is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-jre-zero is not installed, so not removed Package openjdk-7-source is not installed, so not removed 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Setting up oracle-java7-installer (7u3-0~eugenesan~precise4) ... Downloading... --2012-06-11 23:56:42-- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk- 7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Resolving download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)... 64.209.77.18 Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|64.209.77.18|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz [following] --2012-06-11 23:56:42-- https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Resolving edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)... 95.101.122.174 Connecting to edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)|95.101.122.174|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html [following] --2012-06-11 23:56:44-- http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|64.209.77.18|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 5307 (5.2K) [text/html] Saving to: `./jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz' 0K ..... 100% 1007K=0.005s 2012-06-11 23:56:44 (1007 KB/s) - `./jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz' saved [5307/5307] Download done. sha256sum mismatch jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Oracle JDK 7 is NOT installed. dpkg: error processing oracle-java7-installer (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: oracle-java7-installer E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) zero@ghostrider:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:eugenesan/java You are about to add the following PPA to your system: More info: https://launchpad.net/~eugenesan/+archive/java Press [ENTER] to continue or ctrl-c to cancel adding it Executing: gpg --ignore-time-conflict --no-options --no-default-keyring --secret- keyring /tmp/tmp.uGcZHfsoNF --trustdb-name /etc/apt/trustdb.gpg --keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg --primary-keyring /etc/apt/trusted.gpg --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80/ --recv 4346FBB158F4022C896164EEE61380B28313A596 gpg: requesting key 8313A596 from hkp server keyserver.ubuntu.com gpg: key 8313A596: "Launchpad synergy+" not changed gpg: Total number processed: 1 gpg: unchanged: 1 zero@ghostrider:~$ sudo apt-get update Ign http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease Ign http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease Ign http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports InRelease Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise InRelease Ign http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise InRelease Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release.gpg Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise Release Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main TranslationIndex Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Sources Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main i386 Packages Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/main Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/restricted Translation-en Hit http://tr.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports/universe Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en_US Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en_US Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net precise/main Translation-en Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en Reading package lists... Done zero@ghostrider:~$ sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done oracle-java7-installer is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Setting up oracle-java7-installer (7u3-0~eugenesan~precise4) ... Downloading... --2012-06-11 23:57:11-- http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk- 7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Resolving download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)... 64.209.77.18 Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|64.209.77.18|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz [following] --2012-06-11 23:57:11-- https://edelivery.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u3-b04/jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Resolving edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)... 95.101.122.174 Connecting to edelivery.oracle.com (edelivery.oracle.com)|95.101.122.174|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily Location: http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html [following] --2012-06-11 23:57:12-- http://download.oracle.com/errors/download-fail-1505220.html Connecting to download.oracle.com (download.oracle.com)|64.209.77.18|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 5307 (5.2K) [text/html] Saving to: `./jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz' 0K ..... 100% 976K=0.005s 2012-06-11 23:57:12 (976 KB/s) - `./jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz' saved [5307/5307] Download done. sha256sum mismatch jdk-7u3-linux-i586.tar.gz Oracle JDK 7 is NOT installed. dpkg: error processing oracle-java7-installer (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: oracle-java7-installer E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) zero@ghostrider:~$

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Refactoring Part 1 : Intuitive Investments

- by Wes McClure

Fear, it’s what turns maintaining applications into a nightmare. Technology moves on, teams move on, someone is left to operate the application, what was green is now perceived brown. Eventually the business will evolve and changes will need to be made. The approach to those changes often dictates the long term viability of the application. Fear of change, lack of passion and a lack of interest in understanding the domain often leads to a paranoia to do anything that doesn’t involve duct tape and bailing twine. Don’t get me wrong, those have a place in the short term viability of a project but they don’t have a place in the long term. Add to it “us versus them” in regards to the original team and those that maintain it, internal politics and other factors and you have a recipe for disaster. This results in code that quickly becomes unmanageable. Even the most clever of designs will eventually become sub optimal and debt will amount that exponentially makes changes difficult. This is where refactoring comes in, and it’s something I’m very passionate about. Refactoring is about improving the process whereby we make change, it’s an exponential investment in the process of change. Without it we will incur exponential complexity that halts productivity. Investments, especially in the long term, require intuition and reflection. How can we tackle new development effectively via evolving the original design and paying off debt that has been incurred? The longer we wait to ask and answer this question, the more it will cost us. Small requests don’t warrant big changes, but realizing when changes now will pay off in the long term, and especially in the short term, is valuable. I have done my fair share of maintaining applications and continuously refactoring as needed, but recently I’ve begun work on a project that hasn’t had much debt, if any, paid down in years. This is the first in a series of blog posts to try to capture the process which is largely driven by intuition of smaller refactorings from other projects. Signs that refactoring could help: Testability How can decreasing test time not pay dividends? One of the first things I found was that a very important piece often takes 30+ minutes to test. I can only imagine how much time this has cost historically, but more importantly the time it might cost in the coming weeks: I estimate at least 10-20 hours per person! This is simply unacceptable for almost any situation. As it turns out, about 6 hours of working with this part of the application and I was able to cut the time down to under 30 seconds! In less than the lost time of one week, I was able to fix the problem for all future weeks! If we can’t test fast then we can’t change fast, nor with confidence. Code is used by end users and it’s also used by developers, consider your own needs in terms of the code base. Adding logic to enable/disable features during testing can help decouple parts of an application and lead to massive improvements. What exactly is so wrong about test code in real code? Often, these become features for operators and sometimes end users. If you cannot run an integration test within a test runner in your IDE, it’s time to refactor. Readability Are variables named meaningfully via a ubiquitous language? Is the code segmented functionally or behaviorally so as to minimize the complexity of any one area? Are aspects properly segmented to avoid confusion (security, logging, transactions, translations, dependency management etc) Is the code declarative (what) or imperative (how)? What matters, not how. LINQ is a great abstraction of the what, not how, of collection manipulation. The Reactive framework is a great example of the what, not how, of managing streams of data. Are constants abstracted and named, or are they just inline? Do people constantly bitch about the code/design? If the code is hard to understand, it will be hard to change with confidence. It’s a large undertaking if the original designers didn’t pay much attention to readability and as such will never be done to “completion.” Make sure not to go over board, instead use this as you change an application, not in lieu of changes (like with testability). Complexity Simplicity will never be achieved, it’s highly subjective. That said, a lot of code can be significantly simplified, tidy it up as you go. Refactoring will often converge upon a simplification step after enough time, keep an eye out for this. Understandability In the process of changing code, one often gains a better understanding of it. Refactoring code is a good way to learn how it works. However, it’s usually best in combination with other reasons, in effect killing two birds with one stone. Often this is done when readability is poor, in which case understandability is usually poor as well. In the large undertaking we are making with this legacy application, we will be replacing it. Therefore, understanding all of its features is important and this refactoring technique will come in very handy. Unused code How can deleting things not help? This is a freebie in refactoring, it’s very easy to detect with modern tools, especially in statically typed languages. We have VCS for a reason, if in doubt, delete it out (ok that was cheesy)! If you don’t know where to start when refactoring, this is an excellent starting point! Duplication Do not pray and sacrifice to the anti-duplication gods, there are excellent examples where consolidated code is a horrible idea, usually with divergent domains. That said, mediocre developers live by copy/paste. Other times features converge and aren’t combined. Tools for finding similar code are great in the example of copy/paste problems. Knowledge of the domain helps identify convergent concepts that often lead to convergent solutions and will give intuition for where to look for conceptual repetition. 80/20 and the Boy Scouts It’s often said that 80% of the time 20% of the application is used most. These tend to be the parts that are changed. There are also parts of the code where 80% of the time is spent changing 20% (probably for all the refactoring smells above). I focus on these areas any time I make a change and follow the philosophy of the Boy Scout in cleaning up more than I messed up. If I spend 2 hours changing an application, in the 20%, I’ll always spend at least 15 minutes cleaning it or nearby areas. This gives a huge productivity edge on developers that don’t. Ironically after a short period of time the 20% shrinks enough that we don’t have to spend 80% of our time there and can move on to other areas. Refactoring is highly subjective, never attempt to refactor to completion! Learn to be comfortable with leaving one part of the application in a better state than others. It’s an evolution, not a revolution. These are some simple areas to look into when making changes and can help get one started in the process. I’ve often found that refactoring is a convergent process towards simplicity that sometimes spans a few hours but often can lead to massive simplifications over the timespan of weeks and months of regular development.

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DTracing TCP congestion control

- by user12820842

In a previous post, I showed how we can use DTrace to probe TCP receive and send window events. TCP receive and send windows are in effect both about flow-controlling how much data can be received - the receive window reflects how much data the local TCP is prepared to receive, while the send window simply reflects the size of the receive window of the peer TCP. Both then represent flow control as imposed by the receiver. However, consider that without the sender imposing flow control, and a slow link to a peer, TCP will simply fill up it's window with sent segments. Dealing with multiple TCP implementations filling their peer TCP's receive windows in this manner, busy intermediate routers may drop some of these segments, leading to timeout and retransmission, which may again lead to drops. This is termed congestion, and TCP has multiple congestion control strategies. We can see that in this example, we need to have some way of adjusting how much data we send depending on how quickly we receive acknowledgement - if we get ACKs quickly, we can safely send more segments, but if acknowledgements come slowly, we should proceed with more caution. More generally, we need to implement flow control on the send side also. Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance From RFC2581, let's examine the relevant variables: "The congestion window (cwnd) is a sender-side limit on the amount of data the sender can transmit into the network before receiving an acknowledgment (ACK). Another state variable, the slow start threshold (ssthresh), is used to determine whether the slow start or congestion avoidance algorithm is used to control data transmission" Slow start is used to probe the network's ability to handle transmission bursts both when a connection is first created and when retransmission timers fire. The latter case is important, as the fact that we have effectively lost TCP data acts as a motivator for re-probing how much data the network can handle from the sending TCP. The congestion window (cwnd) is initialized to a relatively small value, generally a low multiple of the sending maximum segment size. When slow start kicks in, we will only send that number of bytes before waiting for acknowledgement. When acknowledgements are received, the congestion window is increased in size until cwnd reaches the slow start threshold ssthresh value. For most congestion control algorithms the window increases exponentially under slow start, assuming we receive acknowledgements. We send 1 segment, receive an ACK, increase the cwnd by 1 MSS to 2*MSS, send 2 segments, receive 2 ACKs, increase the cwnd by 2*MSS to 4*MSS, send 4 segments etc. When the congestion window exceeds the slow start threshold, congestion avoidance is used instead of slow start. During congestion avoidance, the congestion window is generally updated by one MSS for each round-trip-time as opposed to each ACK, and so cwnd growth is linear instead of exponential (we may receive multiple ACKs within a single RTT). This continues until congestion is detected. If a retransmit timer fires, congestion is assumed and the ssthresh value is reset. It is reset to a fraction of the number of bytes outstanding (unacknowledged) in the network. At the same time the congestion window is reset to a single max segment size. Thus, we initiate slow start until we start receiving acknowledgements again, at which point we can eventually flip over to congestion avoidance when cwnd ssthresh. Congestion control algorithms differ most in how they handle the other indication of congestion - duplicate ACKs. A duplicate ACK is a strong indication that data has been lost, since they often come from a receiver explicitly asking for a retransmission. In some cases, a duplicate ACK may be generated at the receiver as a result of packets arriving out-of-order, so it is sensible to wait for multiple duplicate ACKs before assuming packet loss rather than out-of-order delivery. This is termed fast retransmit (i.e. retransmit without waiting for the retransmission timer to expire). Note that on Oracle Solaris 11, the congestion control method used can be customized. See here for more details. In general, 3 or more duplicate ACKs indicate packet loss and should trigger fast retransmit . It's best not to revert to slow start in this case, as the fact that the receiver knew it was missing data suggests it has received data with a higher sequence number, so we know traffic is still flowing. Falling back to slow start would be excessive therefore, so fast recovery is used instead. Observing slow start and congestion avoidance The following script counts TCP segments sent when under slow start (cwnd ssthresh). #!/usr/sbin/dtrace -s #pragma D option quiet tcp:::connect-request / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 0/ { start[args[1]-cs_cid] = 1; } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Slow start", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd args[3]-tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Congestion avoidance", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } As we can see the script only works on connections initiated since it is started (using the start[] associative array with the connection ID as index to set whether it's a new connection (start[cid] = 1). From there we simply differentiate send events where cwnd ssthresh (congestion avoidance). Here's the output taken when I accessed a YouTube video (where rport is 80) and from an FTP session where I put a large file onto a remote system. # dtrace -s tcp_slow_start.d ^C ALGORITHM RADDR RPORT #SEG Slow start 10.153.125.222 20 6 Slow start 138.3.237.7 80 14 Slow start 10.153.125.222 21 18 Congestion avoidance 10.153.125.222 20 1164 We see that in the case of the YouTube video, slow start was exclusively used. Most of the segments we sent in that case were likely ACKs. Compare this case - where 14 segments were sent using slow start - to the FTP case, where only 6 segments were sent before we switched to congestion avoidance for 1164 segments. In the case of the FTP session, the FTP data on port 20 was predominantly sent with congestion avoidance in operation, while the FTP session relied exclusively on slow start. For the default congestion control algorithm - "newreno" - on Solaris 11, slow start will increase the cwnd by 1 MSS for every acknowledgement received, and by 1 MSS for each RTT in congestion avoidance mode. Different pluggable congestion control algorithms operate slightly differently. For example "highspeed" will update the slow start cwnd by the number of bytes ACKed rather than the MSS. And to finish, here's a neat oneliner to visually display the distribution of congestion window values for all TCP connections to a given remote port using a quantization. In this example, only port 80 is in use and we see the majority of cwnd values for that port are in the 4096-8191 range. # dtrace -n 'tcp:::send { @q[args[4]-tcp_dport] = quantize(args[3]-tcps_cwnd); }' dtrace: description 'tcp:::send ' matched 10 probes ^C 80 value ------------- Distribution ------------- count -1 | 0 0 |@@@@@@ 5 1 | 0 2 | 0 4 | 0 8 | 0 16 | 0 32 | 0 64 | 0 128 | 0 256 | 0 512 | 0 1024 | 0 2048 |@@@@@@@@@ 8 4096 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 23 8192 | 0

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Chrome and Firefox not able to find some sites after Ubuntu's recent update?

- by gkr

Loading of revision3.com in Chrome stops and status saying "waiting for static.inplay.tubemogul.com" grooveshark.com in Chrome never loads But wikipedia.org, google.com works just normal same behavior in Firefox too. I use wired DSL connection in Ubuntu 12.04. I guess this started happening after I upgraded the Chrome browser or Flash plugin few days ago from Ubuntu updates through update-manager. Thanks EDIT: Everything works normal in my WinXP. Problem is only in Ubuntu 12.04. This is what I get when I use wget gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget revision3.com --2012-06-12 08:58:01-- http://revision3.com/ Resolving revision3.com (revision3.com)... 173.192.117.198 Connecting to revision3.com (revision3.com)|173.192.117.198|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: `index.html' [ ] 81,046 32.0K/s in 2.5s 2012-06-12 08:58:04 (32.0 KB/s) - `index.html' saved [81046] gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget static.inplay.tubemogul.com --2012-06-12 08:51:25-- http://static.inplay.tubemogul.com/ Resolving static.inplay.tubemogul.com (static.inplay.tubemogul.com)... 72.21.81.253 Connecting to static.inplay.tubemogul.com (static.inplay.tubemogul.com)|72.21.81.253|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 404 Not Found 2012-06-12 08:51:25 ERROR 404: Not Found. grooveshark.com nevers responses so I have to Ctrl+C to terminate wget. gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ wget grooveshark.com --2012-06-12 08:51:33-- http://grooveshark.com/ Resolving grooveshark.com (grooveshark.com)... 8.20.213.76 Connecting to grooveshark.com (grooveshark.com)|8.20.213.76|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... ^C gkr@gkr-desktop:~$ This is the apt term.log of updates I mentioned Log started: 2012-06-09 04:51:45 (Reading database ... (Reading database ... 5% (Reading database ... 10% (Reading database ... 15% (Reading database ... 20% (Reading database ... 25% (Reading database ... 30% (Reading database ... 35% (Reading database ... 40% (Reading database ... 45% (Reading database ... 50% (Reading database ... 55% (Reading database ... 60% (Reading database ... 65% (Reading database ... 70% (Reading database ... 75% (Reading database ... 80% (Reading database ... 85% (Reading database ... 90% (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 161392 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace google-chrome-stable 19.0.1084.52-r138391 (using .../google-chrome-stable_19.0.1084.56-r140965_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement google-chrome-stable ... Preparing to replace libpulse0 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulse0_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulse0 ... Preparing to replace libpulse-mainloop-glib0 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulse-mainloop-glib0_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulse-mainloop-glib0 ... Preparing to replace libpulsedsp 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../libpulsedsp_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement libpulsedsp ... Preparing to replace sudo 1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.2 (using .../sudo_1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement sudo ... Preparing to replace flashplugin-installer 11.2.202.235ubuntu0.12.04.1 (using .../flashplugin-installer_11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement flashplugin-installer ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-utils 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-utils_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-utils ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-gconf 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-gconf_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-gconf ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-x11 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-x11_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-x11 ... Preparing to replace shared-mime-info 1.0-0ubuntu4 (using .../shared-mime-info_1.0-0ubuntu4.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement shared-mime-info ... Preparing to replace pulseaudio-module-bluetooth 1:1.1-0ubuntu15 (using .../pulseaudio-module-bluetooth_1%3a1.1-0ubuntu15.1_i386.deb) ... Unpacking replacement pulseaudio-module-bluetooth ... Processing triggers for menu ... /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: 1: /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")") Processing triggers for man-db ... locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot Processing triggers for update-notifier-common ... flashplugin-installer: downloading http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_11.2.202.236.orig.tar.gz Installing from local file /tmp/tmpNrBt4g.gz Flash Plugin installed. Processing triggers for doc-base ... Processing 1 changed doc-base file... Registering documents with scrollkeeper... Setting up google-chrome-stable (19.0.1084.56-r140965) ... Setting up libpulse0 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up libpulse-mainloop-glib0 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up libpulsedsp (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up sudo (1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3) ... Installing new version of config file /etc/pam.d/sudo ... Setting up flashplugin-installer (11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1) ... locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Setting up pulseaudio-utils (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-gconf (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-x11 (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Setting up shared-mime-info (1.0-0ubuntu4.1) ... Setting up pulseaudio-module-bluetooth (1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1) ... Processing triggers for menu ... /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: 1: /usr/share/menu/downverter.menu: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")") Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Log ended: 2012-06-09 04:53:32 This is from history.log Start-Date: 2012-06-09 04:51:45 Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.56' Upgrade: shared-mime-info:i386 (1.0-0ubuntu4, 1.0-0ubuntu4.1), pulseaudio:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), sudo:i386 (1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.2, 1.8.3p1-1ubuntu3.3), pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), pulseaudio-module-x11:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), flashplugin-installer:i386 (11.2.202.235ubuntu0.12.04.1, 11.2.202.236ubuntu0.12.04.1), pulseaudio-utils:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), pulseaudio-module-gconf:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulse0:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), libpulsedsp:i386 (1.1-0ubuntu15, 1.1-0ubuntu15.1), google-chrome-stable:i386 (19.0.1084.52-r138391, 19.0.1084.56-r140965) End-Date: 2012-06-09 04:53:32

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Nginx Subdomain Problem

- by user292299

i can't access my subdomain on localhost. my localdomain is localhost.dev and it's work.but i want to auto subdomain for php script (username.localhost.dev) i try this server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; access_log /var/www/access.log; error_log /var/www/error.log; root /var/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost.dev ***.localhost.dev**; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location /f2/public/ { try_files $uri $uri/ /f2/public/index.php?$args; } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; allow ::1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/html; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; # fastcgi_index index.php; # include fastcgi_params; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } it's not working.i change server_name for testing server_name localhost.dev asd.localhost.dev; i can't access asd.localhost.dev and i try this double server{} section # You may add here your # server { # ... # } # statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file ## # You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding # of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx. # http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls # http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart # http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration # # Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean # file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled. # # Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples. ## server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; access_log /var/www/access.log; error_log /var/www/error.log; root /var/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost.dev; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location /f2/public/ { try_files $uri $uri/ /f2/public/index.php?$args; } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; allow ::1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/html; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; # fastcgi_index index.php; # include fastcgi_params; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } ############################### server { access_log /var/www/access.log; error_log /var/www/error.log; root /var/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name asd.localhost.dev; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location /f2/public/ { try_files $uri $uri/ /f2/public/index.php?$args; } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; allow ::1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/html; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; # fastcgi_index index.php; # include fastcgi_params; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # # ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ =404; # } #} i can't success

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SSRS Export to Excel not working through VPN (Juniper SA4000)

- by Veynom

We have a SharePoint (MOSS 2007 on Win2003 R2) with SSRS reports (from SQL 2005) embedded in it. When we connect to the SharePoint portal through our VPN (firewall is Juniper SA4000) and using Internet Explorer (6, 7, and 8) and try to export any SSRS report under Excel, we get an error message: Internet Explorer cannot download . Internet Explorer was not able to open the internet site. The requested site is either unavailable or cannot be found. Please try again later. When not using the VPN (LAN from the office), everything (exporting under Excel) works fine. When using Firefox through the VPN, it works fine. When exporting to any other format (pdf or text or whatever), everything is fine under both IE and FF. Our firewall people suspect something in SSRS/MOSS/Office. Our MOSS consultants suspect something in the firewall Juniper SA4000. When using Fiddler and when not connected through VPN, I see the following traffic once i click on the "Export button": (Response was a request for client credentials) GET /ReportServer/Reserved.ReportViewerWebControl.axd?ExecutionID=j1pqbvbqkb34qf45fhlgnx55&ControlID=733607a7d607476abb1e6b8794202158&Culture=127&UICulture=9&ReportStack=1&OpType=Export&FileName=Product+Application+Report&ContentDisposition=OnlyHtmlInline&Format=EXCEL HTTP/1.1 Accept: */* Accept-Language: en-US,fr-be;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB5; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; MS-RTC LM 8; OfficeLiveConnector.1.3; OfficeLivePatch.0.0; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Alive Host: r1frchcurdb01.r1.group.corp HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized Content-Length: 1656 Content-Type: text/html Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0 WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate WWW-Authenticate: NTLM X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Mon, 08 Jun 2009 09:25:21 GMT Proxy-Support: Session-Based-Authentication then (Generic Response successful): GET /ReportServer/Reserved.ReportViewerWebControl.axd?ExecutionID=j1pqbvbqkb34qf45fhlgnx55&ControlID=733607a7d607476abb1e6b8794202158&Culture=127&UICulture=9&ReportStack=1&OpType=Export&FileName=Product+Application+Report&ContentDisposition=OnlyHtmlInline&Format=EXCEL HTTP/1.1 Accept: */* Accept-Language: en-US,fr-be;q=0.5 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB5; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; MS-RTC LM 8; OfficeLiveConnector.1.3; OfficeLivePatch.0.0; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Alive Host: r1frchcurdb01.r1.group.corp Authorization: Negotiate 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 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 08 Jun 2009 09:25:21 GMT Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate oYGgMIGdoAMKAQChCwYJKoZIgvcSAQICooGIBIGFYIGCBgkqhkiG9xIBAgICAG9zMHGgAwIBBaEDAgEPomUwY6ADAgEXolwEWm70xlMp4oj/PyvriNMeNDigow6/MX2DpaYQdBfGkiF0Dcc323tHLRBxBL03QpvwdGBxZGAJI6V1G8sc/lVBzhlCNsZkbJcNfnMNgOgc7UPrz+ZVav/EVm3sDQ== X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727 Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Product Application Report.xls" Cache-Control: private Expires: Mon, 08 Jun 2009 09:24:21 GMT Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel Content-Length: 23012 When using the VPN, I see no traffic in Fiddler and the error message is displayed before anything else. Update 17/06/2009: I could get a hand on some logs from our SA4000. Maybe this could help more. Info PTR23232 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Start Policy [WEBURL/PROTOCOL] evaluation for resource http://<DB server>:80/ReportServer/Reserved.ReportViewerWebControl.axd?ExecutionID=rua1g355tic24245f2e13lim&ControlID=44168efcd36e461493f7a69962580b91&Culture=127&UICulture=9&ReportStack=1&OpType=Export&FileName=Product+Application+Report&ContentDisposition=OnlyHtmlInline&Format=EXCEL Info PTR23233 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Applying Policy [Enable HTTP 1.1]... Info PTR23240 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Resource filter [http://nsrvnts2:80/*] does not match Info PTR23240 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Resource filter [http://nsrvnts3:80/*] does not match Info PTR23233 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Applying Policy [Disable HTTP 1.1]... Info PTR23239 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Action [HTTP 1.0] is returned Info PTR23234 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Policy [Disable HTTP 1.1] applies to resource Info PTR23308 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Skip Policy [WEBURL/COMPRESSION] evaluation because Compression option is not enabled Info PTR23232 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Start Policy [WEBURL/WEBPDSID] evaluation for resource http://<DB server>:80/ReportServer/Reserved.ReportViewerWebControl.axd?ExecutionID=rua1g355tic24245f2e13lim&ControlID=44168efcd36e461493f7a69962580b91&Culture=127&UICulture=9&ReportStack=1&OpType=Export&FileName=Product+Application+Report&ContentDisposition=OnlyHtmlInline&Format=EXCEL Info PTR23233 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Applying Policy [Corporate BI Portal]... Info PTR23240 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Resource filter [http://<SharePoint>:80/*] does not match Info PTR23240 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - Resource filter [http://<SharePoint>/*] does not match Info PTR23235 2009/06/15 17:22:38 - <SA4000> - [<SA4000 IP>] - <user>[SA4000 group names] - No Policy applies to resource Any tip welcome. :)

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nginx + apache subdomain redirection fault

- by webwolf

i really need your advice folks since i'm experiencing some troubles with nginx & apache2 subdomains configs first of all, there's a site (say, site.com) and two subdomains (links.site.com and shop.site.com) whose files are physically located at the same level of FS hierarchy as the site.com itself my hoster has configured both apache and nginx by my request, but it still doesn't work as it used to both of subdomains point to the main page of site.com for some unknown and implicit (for me) reason :( my assumption is that's happen because site.com record is placed first in both configs?!.. please help me solve this out! every opinion would be appreciated =) nginx.conf: server { listen 95.169.187.234:80; server_name site.com www.site.com ; access_log /home/www/site.com/logs/nginx.access.log main; location ~* ^.+\.(jpeg|jpg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js|swf|avi|mp3|mpg|mpeg|asf|vmw)$ { expires 30d; root /home/www/site.com/www; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location / { set $referer $http_referer; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Referer $referer; proxy_set_header Host $host; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } server { listen 95.169.187.234:80; server_name links.site.com www.links.site.com ; access_log /home/www/links.site.com/logs/nginx.access.log main; location ~* ^.+\.(jpeg|jpg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js|swf|avi|mp3|mpg|mpeg|asf|vmw)$ { expires 30d; root /home/www/links.site.com/www; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location / { set $referer $http_referer; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Referer $referer; proxy_set_header Host $host; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } server { listen 95.169.187.234:80; server_name shop.site.com www.shop.site.com ; access_log /home/www/shop.site.com/logs/nginx.access.log main; location ~* ^.+\.(jpeg|jpg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js|swf|avi|mp3|mpg|mpeg|asf|vmw)$ { expires 30d; root /home/www/shop.site.com/www; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location / { set $referer $http_referer; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Referer $referer; proxy_set_header Host $host; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } httpd.conf: # ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2" PidFile /var/run/httpd.pid Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 Listen 127.0.0.1:8080 NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1:8080 ... #Listen *:80 NameVirtualHost *:80 ServerName www.site.com ServerAlias site.com UseCanonicalName Off CustomLog /home/www/site.com/logs/custom_log combined ErrorLog /home/www/site.com/logs/error_log DocumentRoot /home/www/site.com/www AllowOverride All Options +FollowSymLinks Options -MultiViews Options -Indexes Options Includes Order allow,deny Allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php ServerName www.links.site.com ServerAlias links.site.com UseCanonicalName Off CustomLog /home/www/links.site.com/logs/custom_log combined ErrorLog /home/www/links.site.com/logs/error_log DocumentRoot /home/www/links.site.com/www AllowOverride All Options +FollowSymLinks Options -MultiViews Options -Indexes Options Includes Order allow,deny Allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php ServerName www.shop.site.com ServerAlias shop.site.com UseCanonicalName Off CustomLog /home/www/shop.site.com/logs/custom_log combined ErrorLog /home/www/shop.site.com/logs/error_log DocumentRoot /home/www/shop.site.com/www AllowOverride All Options +FollowSymLinks Options -MultiViews Options -Indexes Options Includes Order allow,deny Allow from all DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php # if DSO load module first: LoadModule rpaf_module modules/mod_rpaf-2.0.so RPAFenable On RPAFsethostname On RPAFproxy_ips 127.0.0.1 RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For Include conf/virthost/*.conf

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Xpath question Xml Xpath

- by Ibrar Afzal

I need an xpath expression that would return the value of I need to get the value of this node. the value to extract is my xpath expression is //rates/rate[loantype='30-Year Fixed Rate'] The issue hre is that there are three value each node has a subtype element. Beside fileter for loantype I also need to filter for subtype. I am not sure how to do it in xpath. I have the following xml 40-Year Fixed Rate A 3 5.375 1.000 5.491 0 1 40-Year Fixed Rate B 5.500 0.500 5.579 0 1 40-Year Fixed Rate C 5.625 0.000 5.667 0 1 30-Year Fixed Rate A 3 5.000 1.000 5.134 0 1 30-Year Fixed Rate B 5.125 0.500 5.215 0 1 30-Year Fixed Rate C 5.250 0.000 5.297 0 1 20-Year Fixed Rate A 3 4.875 1.000 5.055 0 1 20-Year Fixed Rate B 5.000 0.500 5.121 0 1 20-Year Fixed Rate C 5.125 0.000 5.187 0 1 15-Year Fixed Rate A 3 4.250 1.000 4.467 0 1 15-Year Fixed Rate B 4.375 0.500 4.512 0 1 15-Year Fixed Rate C 4.500 0.000 4.570 0 1 10-Year Fixed Rate A 3 4.125 1.000 4.435 0 1 10-Year Fixed Rate B 4.250 0.500 4.454 0 1 10-Year Fixed Rate C 4.375 0.000 4.473 0 1 High-Balance 15-Year Fixed Rate D 3 4.250 1.000 4.461 0 1 High-Balance 15-Year Fixed Rate B 4.375 0.500 4.512 0 1 High-Balance 15-Year Fixed Rate C 4.500 0.000 4.563 0 1 High-Balance 30-Year Fixed Rate D 3 5.000 1.000 5.130 0 1 High-Balance 30-Year Fixed Rate B 5.125 0.500 5.211 0 1 High-Balance 30-Year Fixed Rate C 5.250 0.000 5.293 0 1 30-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo A 2 5.125 1.000 5.254 1 1 30-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo B 5.250 0.500 5.336 1 1 30-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo C 5.375 0.000 5.417 1 1 -- 15-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo A 2 5.000 1.000 5.220 1 1 15-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo B 5.125 0.500 5.270 1 1 15-Year Fixed Rate Jumbo C 5.250 0.000 5.320 1 1 -- 3/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 3.625 1.000 3.431 0 0 3/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 3.875 0.500 3.448 0 0 3/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.125 0.000 3.465 0 0 3/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 3.875 1.000 3.438 0 0 3/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate B 4.125 0.500 3.453 0 0 3/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.375 0.000 3.467 0 0 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 3.375 1.000 3.401 0 0 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 3.625 0.500 3.457 0 0 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 3.875 0.000 3.514 0 0 5/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 3.625 1.000 3.441 0 0 5/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate B 3.875 0.500 3.481 0 0 5/1 40-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.125 0.000 3.531 0 0 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 3.875 1.000 3.670 0 0 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 4.125 0.500 3.755 0 0 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.375 0.000 3.841 0 0 10/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate A 3 4.375 1.000 4.092 0 0 10/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 4.625 0.500 4.217 0 0 10/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.875 0.000 4.342 0 0 -- 2/2 ARM 30-Year (Purchase only) DH 5.250 0.000 3.709 0 0 -- High-Balance 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate D 3 3.375 1.000 3.366 0 0 High-Balance 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 3.625 0.500 3.404 0 0 High-Balance 5/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 3.875 0.000 3.454 0 0 High-Balance 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate D 3 3.875 1.000 3.670 0 0 High-Balance 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate B 4.125 0.500 3.755 0 0 High-Balance 7/1 30-Year Adjustable Rate C 4.375 0.000 3.841 0 0 3/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate A 2 4.875 1.000 3.719 1 0 3/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate B 5.000 0.500 3.708 1 0 3/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate C 5.125 0.000 3.704 1 0 -- 3/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate A 2 5.250 1.000 3.733 1 0 3/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate B 5.375 0.500 3.727 1 0 3/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate C 5.500 0.000 3.725 1 0 -- 5/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate A 3 4.375 1.000 3.791 1 0 5/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate B 4.500 0.500 3.803 1 0 5/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate C 4.625 0.000 3.814 1 0 5/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate A 2 5.000 1.000 3.922 1 0 5/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate B 5.125 0.500 3.925 1 0 5/1 40-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate C 5.250 0.000 3.936 1 0 -- 7/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate A 3 4.950 1.000 4.261 1 0 7/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate B 5.075 0.500 4.286 1 0 7/1 30-Year Jumbo Adjustable Rate C 5.200 0.000 4.311 1 0 2/2 ARM 30-Year Jumbo (Purchase only) DH 6.500 0.000 4.260 1 0 -- 30 Due in 7 Fixed Rate JUMBO Balloon A 6.375 1.000 6.613 1 0 30 Due in 7 Fixed Rate JUMBO Balloon B 6.500 0.500 6.625 1 0 40 due in 7 Fixed Rate offer1 5.250 0.000 5.374 0 0 1 40 Due in 7 Fixed Rate JUMBO Balloon offer2 6.500 0.000 6.625 1 0 1 Interest Only HELOC A To 80% LTV 3.250 0 1 Home Equity Loan - 7Yrs A Up to $100,000.00 Up to 75% LTV 6.000 6.000 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 7Yrs A $100,000.01 - $250,000.00 Up to 75% LTV 6.00 6.153 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 7Yrs A Up to $100,000.00 Up to 80% LTV 6.250 6.250 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 7Yrs A $100,000.01 - $250,000.00 Up to 80% LTV 6.25 6.403 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 7Yrs B $100,000.01 - $250,000.00 Up to 90% LTV 6.99 7.145 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 10,15Yrs C $5,000-$250,000.00 To 75% LTV 6.50 6.612 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 10,15Yrs C $5,000-$250,000.00 To 80% LTV 6.75 6.863 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 10,15Yrs D $5,000-$250,000.00 Up to 90% LTV 7.50 7.614 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 20Yrs E $5,000-$250,000.00 To 75% LTV 7.50 7.566 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 20Yrs E $5,000-$250,000.00 To 80% LTV 7.75 7.817 0 2 Home Equity Loan - 20Yrs F $5,000-$250,000.00 Up to 90% LTV 8.50 8.569 0 2 Equity Edge $5,000-$25,000.00 Up to 125% LTV 12.00 12.188 Current Index 0.350 Prime Index 3.250 03/26/2010

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Node.js vs PHP processing speed

- by Cody Craven

I've been looking into node.js recently and wanted to see a true comparison of processing speed for PHP vs Node.js. In most of the comparisons I had seen, Node trounced Apache/PHP set ups handily. However all of the tests were small 'hello worlds' that would not accurately reflect any webpage's markup. So I decided to create a basic HTML page with 10,000 hello world paragraph elements. In these tests Node with Cluster was beaten to a pulp by PHP on Nginx utilizing PHP-FPM. So I'm curious if I am misusing Node somehow or if Node is really just this bad at processing power. Note that my results were equivalent outputting "Hello world\n" with text/plain as the HTML, but I only included the HTML as it's closer to the use case I was investigating. My testing box: Core i7-2600 Intel CPU (has 8 threads with 4 cores) 8GB DDR3 RAM Fedora 16 64bit Node.js v0.6.13 Nginx v1.0.13 PHP v5.3.10 (with PHP-FPM) My test scripts: Node.js script var cluster = require('cluster'); var http = require('http'); var numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length; if (cluster.isMaster) { // Fork workers. for (var i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) { cluster.fork(); } cluster.on('death', function (worker) { console.log('worker ' + worker.pid + ' died'); }); } else { // Worker processes have an HTTP server. http.Server(function (req, res) { res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/html'}); res.write('<html>\n<head>\n<title>Speed test</title>\n</head>\n<body>\n'); for (var i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { res.write('<p>Hello world</p>\n'); } res.end('</body>\n</html>'); }).listen(80); } This script is adapted from Node.js' documentation at http://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/cluster.html PHP script <?php echo "<html>\n<head>\n<title>Speed test</title>\n</head>\n<body>\n"; for ($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++) { echo "<p>Hello world</p>\n"; } echo "</body>\n</html>"; My results Node.js $ ab -n 500 -c 20 http://speedtest.dev/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking speedtest.dev (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Finished 500 requests Server Software: Server Hostname: speedtest.dev Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 190070 bytes Concurrency Level: 20 Time taken for tests: 14.603 seconds Complete requests: 500 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 95066500 bytes HTML transferred: 95035000 bytes Requests per second: 34.24 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 584.123 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 29.206 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 6357.45 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 2 Processing: 94 547 405.4 424 2516 Waiting: 0 331 399.3 216 2284 Total: 95 547 405.4 424 2516 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 424 66% 607 75% 733 80% 813 90% 1084 95% 1325 98% 1843 99% 2062 100% 2516 (longest request) PHP/Nginx $ ab -n 500 -c 20 http://speedtest.dev/test.php This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking speedtest.dev (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Finished 500 requests Server Software: nginx/1.0.13 Server Hostname: speedtest.dev Server Port: 80 Document Path: /test.php Document Length: 190070 bytes Concurrency Level: 20 Time taken for tests: 0.130 seconds Complete requests: 500 Failed requests: 0 Write errors: 0 Total transferred: 95109000 bytes HTML transferred: 95035000 bytes Requests per second: 3849.11 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 5.196 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.260 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 715010.65 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 0 0 0.2 0 1 Processing: 3 5 0.7 5 7 Waiting: 1 4 0.7 4 7 Total: 3 5 0.7 5 7 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 5 66% 5 75% 5 80% 6 90% 6 95% 6 98% 6 99% 6 100% 7 (longest request) Additional details Again what I'm looking for is to find out if I'm doing something wrong with Node.js or if it is really just that slow compared to PHP on Nginx with FPM. I certainly think Node has a real niche that it could fit well, however with these test results (which I really hope I made a mistake with - as I like the idea of Node) lead me to believe that it is a horrible choice for even a modest processing load when compared to PHP (let alone JVM or various other fast solutions). As a final note, I also tried running an Apache Bench test against node with $ ab -n 20 -c 20 http://speedtest.dev/ and consistently received a total test time of greater than 0.900 seconds.

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Saving a transliteration table in perl

- by user246100

I want to transliterate digits from 1 - 8 with 0 but not knowing the number at compile time. Since transliterations do not interpolate variables I'm doing this: @trs = (sub{die},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,1]/[1,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,2]/[2,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,3]/[3,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,4]/[4,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,5]/[5,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,6]/[6,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,7]/[7,0]/},sub{${$_[0]} =~ tr/[0,8]/[8,0]/}); and then index it like: $trs[$character_to_transliterate](\$var_to_change); I would appreciate if anyone can point me to a best looking solution.

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Python Continue Loop

- by Rob B.

I am using the following code from this tutorial (http://jeriwieringa.com/blog/2012/11/04/beautiful-soup-tutorial-part-1/). from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup (open("43rd-congress.html")) final_link = soup.p.a final_link.decompose() trs = soup.find_all('tr') for tr in trs: for link in tr.find_all('a'): fulllink = link.get ('href') print fulllink #print in terminal to verify results tds = tr.find_all("td") try: #we are using "try" because the table is not well formatted. This allows the program to continue after encountering an error. names = str(tds[0].get_text()) # This structure isolate the item by its column in the table and converts it into a string. years = str(tds[1].get_text()) positions = str(tds[2].get_text()) parties = str(tds[3].get_text()) states = str(tds[4].get_text()) congress = tds[5].get_text() except: print "bad tr string" continue #This tells the computer to move on to the next item after it encounters an error print names, years, positions, parties, states, congress However, I get an error saying that 'continue' is not properly in the loop on line 27. I am using notepad++ and windows powershell. How do I make this code work?

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How to solve "403 Forbidden" on CentOS6 with SELinux Disabled?

- by André

I have a machine on Linode that is driving me crazy. Linode does not have SELinux on CentOS6... I'm trying to configure to put my website in "/home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public" As I don´t have SELinux enable, how can I avoid the "403 Forbidden" that I get when trying to access the webpage? Sorry for my english. Best Regards, Update1, ERROR_LOG [Mon Oct 17 14:04:16 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:08:07 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:41 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:32:35 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:34:45 2011] [error] [client 58.218.199.227] (13)Permission denied: access to /proxy-1.php denied [Mon Oct 17 15:32:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:26 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:43 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:38:32 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:42:56 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:43:12 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:45:34 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:51:25 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable Upadate2, /home/websites directory drwx------ 3 websites websites 4096 Oct 17 14:52 . drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 13:42 .. -rw------- 1 websites websites 372 Oct 17 14:52 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 18 May 30 11:46 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 176 May 30 11:46 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 124 May 30 11:46 .bashrc drwxrwxr-x 3 websites apache 4096 Oct 17 13:45 public_html Update3, httpd.conf ### Section 1: Global Environment ServerTokens OS ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" PidFile run/httpd.pid Timeout 60 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 </IfModule> <IfModule worker.c> StartServers 4 MaxClients 300 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so Include conf.d/*.conf #ExtendedStatus On User apache Group apache ServerAdmin root@localhost #ServerName www.example.com:80 UseCanonicalName Off DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # # Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect # to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories). # # First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features. # <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/home/websites/public_html"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home # directory if a ~user request is received. # # The path to the end user account 'public_html' directory must be # accessible to the webserver userid. This usually means that ~userid # must have permissions of 711, ~userid/public_html must have permissions # of 755, and documents contained therein must be world-readable. # Otherwise, the client will only receive a "403 Forbidden" message. # # See also: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#forbidden # <IfModule mod_userdir.c> # # UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence # of a username on the system (depending on home directory # permissions). # UserDir disabled # # To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html # directory, remove the "UserDir disabled" line above, and uncomment # the following line instead: # #UserDir public_html </IfModule> # # Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example # for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. # #<Directory /home/*/public_html> # AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec # <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> # Order allow,deny # Allow from all # </Limit> # <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # </LimitExcept> #</Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # # The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content- # negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the # same purpose, but it is much slower. # DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </Files> # # TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is # to be found. # TypesConfig /etc/mime.types # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # <IfModule mod_mime_magic.c> # MIMEMagicFile /usr/share/magic.mime MIMEMagicFile conf/magic </IfModule> # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel warn # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # "combinedio" includes actual counts of actual bytes received (%I) and sent (%O); this # requires the mod_logio module to be loaded. #LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # #CustomLog logs/access_log common # # If you would like to have separate agent and referer logfiles, uncomment # the following directives. # #CustomLog logs/referer_log referer #CustomLog logs/agent_log agent # # For a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format), use the following directive: # CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/" <Directory "/var/www/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # WebDAV module configuration section. # <IfModule mod_dav_fs.c> # Location of the WebDAV lock database. DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb </IfModule> # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client. # The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to # Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" # # "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable Charset=UTF-8 AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/* AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/* AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/* AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif .. AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ # # DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon # explicitly set. # DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif # # AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in # server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed # directories. # Format: AddDescription "description" filename # #AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz #AddDescription "tar archive" .tar #AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz # # ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by # default, and append to directory listings. # # HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to # directory indexes. ReadmeName README.html HeaderName HEADER.html # # IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore # and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted. # IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t # # DefaultLanguage and AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of # a document. You can then use content negotiation to give a browser a # file in a language the user can understand. # # Specify a default language. This means that all data # going out without a specific language tag (see below) will # be marked with this one. You probably do NOT want to set # this unless you are sure it is correct for all cases. # # * It is generally better to not mark a page as # * being a certain language than marking it with the wrong # * language! # # DefaultLanguage nl # # Note 1: The suffix does not have to be the same as the language # keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose net-standard # language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po" to # avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts. # # Note 2: The example entries below illustrate that in some cases # the two character 'Language' abbreviation is not identical to # the two character 'Country' code for its country, # E.g. 'Danmark/dk' versus 'Danish/da'. # # Note 3: In the case of 'ltz' we violate the RFC by using a three char # specifier. There is 'work in progress' to fix this and get # the reference data for rfc1766 cleaned up. # # Catalan (ca) - Croatian (hr) - Czech (cs) - Danish (da) - Dutch (nl) # English (en) - Esperanto (eo) - Estonian (et) - French (fr) - German (de) # Greek-Modern (el) - Hebrew (he) - Italian (it) - Japanese (ja) # Korean (ko) - Luxembourgeois* (ltz) - Norwegian Nynorsk (nn) # Norwegian (no) - Polish (pl) - Portugese (pt) # Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) - Russian (ru) - Swedish (sv) # Simplified Chinese (zh-CN) - Spanish (es) - Traditional Chinese (zh-TW) # AddLanguage ca .ca AddLanguage cs .cz .cs AddLanguage da .dk AddLanguage de .de AddLanguage el .el AddLanguage en .en AddLanguage eo .eo AddLanguage es .es AddLanguage et .et AddLanguage fr .fr AddLanguage he .he AddLanguage hr .hr AddLanguage it .it AddLanguage ja .ja AddLanguage ko .ko AddLanguage ltz .ltz AddLanguage nl .nl AddLanguage nn .nn AddLanguage no .no AddLanguage pl .po AddLanguage pt .pt AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br AddLanguage ru .ru AddLanguage sv .sv AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw # # LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages # in case of a tie during content negotiation. # # Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference. We have # more or less alphabetized them here. You probably want to change this. # LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW # # ForceLanguagePriority allows you to serve a result page rather than # MULTIPLE CHOICES (Prefer) [in case of a tie] or NOT ACCEPTABLE (Fallback) # [in case no accepted languages matched the available variants] # ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback # # Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables # interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default. To use the # default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags # in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this # directive: # AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file mime.types for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-tar .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothing # to do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs # AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # # For files that include their own HTTP headers: # #AddHandler send-as-is asis # # For type maps (negotiated resources): # (This is enabled by default to allow the Apache "It Worked" page # to be distributed in multiple languages.) # AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml # # Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenever # a matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL # pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors. # Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location # Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location # # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses. # # We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to # our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use # includes to substitute the appropriate text. # # You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the # default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line: # # Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/" # # which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the # /var/www/error/include/ files and # copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis. # Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/" <IfModule mod_negotiation.c> <IfModule mod_include.c> <Directory "/var/www/error"> AllowOverride None Options IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AddHandler type-map var Order allow,deny Allow from all LanguagePriority en es de fr ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback </Directory> # ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var # ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var # ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var # ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var # ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var # ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var # ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var # ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var # ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var # ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var # ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var # ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var # ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var # ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var # ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var </IfModule> </IfModule> # # The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior to # handle known problems with browser implementations. # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 # # The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for # a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a # problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle # redirects for folders with DAV methods. # Same deal with Apple's DAV filesystem and Gnome VFS support for DAV. # BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully # # Allow server status reports generated by mod_status, # with the URL of http://servername/server-status # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-status> # SetHandler server-status # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of # http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded). # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-info> # SetHandler server-info # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines to # enable the proxy server: # #<IfModule mod_proxy.c> #ProxyRequests On # #<Proxy *> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Proxy> # # Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers. # ("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers) # Set to one of: Off | On | Full | Block # #ProxyVia On # # To enable a cache of proxied content, uncomment the following lines. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_cache.html for more details. # #<IfModule mod_disk_cache.c> # CacheEnable disk / # CacheRoot "/var/cache/mod_proxy" #</IfModule> # #</IfModule> # End of proxy directives. ### Section 3: Virtual Hosts # # VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # NOTE: NameVirtualHost cannot be used without a port specifier # (e.g. :80) if mod_ssl is being used, due to the nature of the # SSL protocol. # # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known # server name. # #<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin [email protected] # DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com # ServerName dummy-host.example.com # ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log # CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common #</VirtualHost> # domain: mysite.com # public: /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/ <VirtualHost *:80> # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias www.mysite.com # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located) DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public # Custom log file locations LogLevel warn ErrorLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/error.log CustomLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/access.log combined </VirtualHost>

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