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• How do I get grep color in the file names before each match?

  - by chimerical

  If I run grep -ir "somethingtomatch" . from the current directory, I typically get results like this: ./some/path/file1.html: filecontent filecontent keyword filecontent ./some/path/file2.html: filecontent filecontent filecontent keyword ./some/path/file3.html: filecontent keyword filecontent filecontent ./some/path/file4.html: keyword filecontent filecontent filecontent I used grep --color=auto -ir 'somethingtomatch" . but it only highlights the keywords in white on a red highlight. I'm trying to get file names on the left color-coded too. How do I do that? I'm using Terminal.app in OS X with bash and xterm (and I tried xterm-color too).

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• pam_exec.so PAM module does not export variable PAM_USER as stated in the documentation

  - by davidparks21

  I'm trying to use the pam_exec.so PAM module to execute a script which needs to know the username/password coming from the application (OpenVPN in this case). I have a script that executes printenv >>afile, but I don't see all the environment variables that the man pages states that pam_exec.so exports (namely PAM_USER I think), I only see the following: PAM_SERVICE=openvpn PAM_TYPE=auth PWD=/usr/local/openvpn/bin SHLVL=1 A__z="*SHLVL I do successfully pick up the password off of STDIN and output it with this same script. But for the life of me I can't get the username. Any thoughts on what I should try next?

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• Apache is running but there is no page displayed

  - by Michael Ozeryansky

  I am on a Mac OSX and I am using the built in PHP and Apache2. I have been setting up MySQL and finally when I got MySQL working my local site won't display. Do note that I did have the web server running and delivering PHP enabled pages, just no database connection. But my question is not about MySQL. I have changed various settings in the 'http.conf' file, and I have the line: '127.0.0.1 localhost' in my hosts file. I also have other alias' pointing to 127.0.0.1. I have checked everything I could about Apache and I have made sure that any message in the error_log is ok. I currently have my errorLevel set to debug, so I get all the messages. At this point (HOURS of self fixing) I think I need help. What can I provide for someone to figure this out with me. Thanks.

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• How to run node.js app on port 80? Are processes blocking my port?

  - by Lucas

  I believe the port 80 on my remote instance is blocked, and I am trying to run a node.js app using port 80. I have experimented with ports 3000 and 3002, and both ports are working fine, but I get an error when running on port 80. I suspect port 80 is blocked from my output of netstat -an below, but how can I find the process id's of the addresses that are blocking port 80 below? [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest1$ netstat -an Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3002 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 127.0.0.1:51108 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:51106 127.0.0.1:27017 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 127.0.0.1:51106 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:51107 127.0.0.1:27017 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.240.241.116:3002 174.61.171.61:36583 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 127.0.0.1:51109 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.240.241.116:42423 169.254.169.254:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:51108 127.0.0.1:27017 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 532 10.240.241.116:22 174.61.171.61:56824 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 127.0.0.1:51107 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.240.241.116:42412 169.254.169.254:80 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:51109 127.0.0.1:27017 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:51105 127.0.0.1:27017 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 10.240.241.116:42422 169.254.169.254:80 TIME_WAIT tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 127.0.0.1:51105 ESTABLISHED tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:49948 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 10.240.241.116:123 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* udp6 0 0 :::12151 :::* udp6 0 0 :::123 :::* Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 405680 /tmp/ssh-KdkxJfFLpKTC/agent.22 813 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 408230 /tmp/ssh-ofUeNNEwAqtP/agent.22 243 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 416227 /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] SEQPACKET LISTENING 3692 /run/udev/control unix 7 [ ] DGRAM 5286 /dev/log unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5318 /var/run/acpid.socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 16170 /tmp//tmux-1000/default unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 414450 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socke And here is the log when trying to run on port 80 with node.js: [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest1$ npm start > [email protected] start /home/lucas/node/nodetest1 > node ./bin/www events.js:72 throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event ^ Error: listen EACCES at errnoException (net.js:904:11) at Server._listen2 (net.js:1023:19) at listen (net.js:1064:10) at Server.listen (net.js:1138:5) at Function.app.listen (/home/lucas/node/nodetest1/node_modules/express/lib/applicati on.js:532:24) at Object.<anonymous> (/home/lucas/node/nodetest1/bin/www:7:18) at Module._compile (module.js:456:26) at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10) at Module.load (module.js:356:32) at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12) npm ERR! [email protected] start: `node ./bin/www` npm ERR! Exit status 8 npm ERR! npm ERR! Failed at the [email protected] start script. npm ERR! This is most likely a problem with the nodetest1 package, npm ERR! not with npm itself. npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system: npm ERR! node ./bin/www npm ERR! You can get their info via: npm ERR! npm owner ls nodetest1 npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above. npm ERR! System Linux 3.13-0.bpo.1-amd64 npm ERR! command "/usr/local/bin/node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "start" npm ERR! cwd /home/lucas/node/nodetest1 npm ERR! node -v v0.10.28 npm ERR! npm -v 1.4.9 npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE npm ERR! npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in: npm ERR! /home/lucas/node/nodetest1/npm-debug.log npm ERR! not ok code 0 And sudo netstat -lnp does not return any matching port 80's: [lucas@ecoinstance]~/node/nodetest1$ sudo netstat -lnp [48/648] Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Progr am name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 29160/mon god tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1976/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1976/sshd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:49948 0.0.0.0:* 1604/dhcl ient udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 1604/dhcl ient udp 0 0 10.240.241.116:123 0.0.0.0:* 2076/ntpd udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* 2076/ntpd udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* 2076/ntpd udp6 0 0 :::12151 :::* 1604/dhcl ient udp6 0 0 :::123 :::* 2076/ntpd Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node PID/Program name Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 405680 22814/ssh-agent /tmp/ssh-K dkxJfFLpKTC/agent.22813 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 408230 24049/ssh-agent /tmp/ssh-o fUeNNEwAqtP/agent.22243 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 416227 29160/mongod /tmp/mongo db-27017.sock unix 2 [ ACC ] SEQPACKET LISTENING 3692 284/udevd /run/udev/ control unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5318 1798/acpid /var/run/a cpid.socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 16170 5177/tmux /tmp//tmux -1000/default unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 414450 28213/dbus-daemon /var/run/d bus/system_bus_socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 404225 22324/1 /tmp/ssh-9 TlDmu4bjl/agent.22324

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• How to avoid tilde ~ in Bash prompt?

  - by Jirka

  Hello! I have set my prompt in bash in a such way that I can use it directly in scp command: My current PS1 string: PS1="\h:\w\n$" And the prompt looks like this: lnx-hladky:/tmp/plugtmp $ What I don't like at all is the fact that $HOME directory is displayed as tilde. Can this be avoided? It's causing problems when switching between different users. Example: lnx-hladky:~/DOC $ Documentation says: \w : the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde \W: the basename of the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde Is there any possibility to avoid $HOME being abbreviated with a tilde? I have found one way around but I feel like it's overcomplicated: PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\e[4;35m$(date +%T)\e[24m$(whoami)@$(hostname):$(pwd)\e[m\n"' PS1=$ Can anyone propose a better solution? I have a feeling it's not quite OK to run so many commands just to get prompt. (date,whoami,hostname,pwd). Thanks a lot! Jirka

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• "eject" command not working..

  - by shadyabhi

  shadyabhi@shadyabhi-desktop:~$ eject -v eject: using default device `cdrom' eject: device name is `cdrom' eject: expanded name is `/media/cdrom' eject: `/media/cdrom' is a link to `/media/cdrom0' eject: `/media/cdrom0' is not mounted eject: `/media/cdrom0' is not a mount point eject: tried to use `/media/cdrom0' as device name but it is no block device eject: unable to find or open device for: `cdrom' shadyabhi@shadyabhi-desktop:~$ The tray doesnt open.. How do I open tray using command line?

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• Rsync: Only preserve meta (time, group, etc) on files and sub-directories, not root directory

  - by Svish

  I am copying some files (all except hidden ones) using rsync from one place to another using this command: rsync -Cav --delete --exclude=.* /Some/Directory/ other-host:/Other/Directory It works nice except that I get the following errors: rsync: chgrp "/Other/Directory/." failed: Operation not permitted (1) rsync: failed to set times on "/Other/Directory/.": Permission denied (13) That is understandable because I do in fact not have those permissions, and I also do not want to change the group of that directory. I only want to do this for all the files and directories that are in that directory. Is there any way to solve this? Tried to --exclude=. and --exclude=./, but those didn't work. Any ideas? I have no idea how to fix this... More details: This is on Mac OS X, and the directories I am syncing is from a local mounted volume to the /Users/Shared/ directory on the other host. That directory has user root and group wheel. The files inside it has user admin and group staff and so does the local source directory.

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• external SCSI tape drive DAT 72 problem Solaris 10

  - by Hassan

  Hi all, I have solaris 10 sparc running and working very well but i have problem with external SCSI tape drive DAT 72 problem it seems to me the tape drive is manufactured by SUN microsystems when i ran mt -f /dev/rmt/0 status it reveals the following output bash-3.00# mt -f /dev/rmt/0 status /dev/rmt/0: No such file or directory when i ran ls -l it reveals the following output ls -l /dev/rmt/0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 43 Sep 20 2006 /dev/rmt/0 -> ../../devices/pci@8,600000/scsi@1,1/st@3,0: it seems to me everything is okay SCSI cable is connected properly to Tape device and to server as well the tape has SCSI termination dongle as well and connected properly to Tape device as well any ideas would be a great assist Thanks in advance

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• Start screen with bash command

  - by Jeje

  I need to start screen with some bash command to execute. Trying screen -S test -d -m bash -c './test.php' but have no result, screen didn't apear. Even more, let's that i need to start something like that vlc -I ncurses --http-reconnect http://ip/ --sout '#duplicate{dst=std{access=http{user=,pwd=},mux=ts,dst=:51001}}' --ttl=255 --loop --repeat

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• How to have supervisord follows the new unicorn process after USR2 rolling restart?

  - by ybart

  I have configured supervisord to track my unicorn server process. When I send USR2 process, this performs a rolling restart. After this operation the old unicorn master have restarted and then changed PID. This caused supervisor to lose track of the unicorn process considering it as EXITED. How can I have supervisord to follow the new unicorn process after this operation ? Unicorn has a PID file available, but I have not found an option in supervisord configuration for this. An other option would be to have supervisord to send itself the USR2 signal, but I don't know how to perform this and whether it will prevent my problem from occurring.

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• Is it possible to format ps RSS (memory) output to be more human friendly?

  - by metasoarous

  Executing ps ux returns a nice list of process information, easy to grep through or watch. However, there doesn't seem to be much flexibility in the memory usage output; the RSS (resident set size) is printed in kB, which for large processes is hard to read (especially at a glance), and %MEM gives 100 × RSS / system_memory. The du utility has a lovely -h flag which prints space in a more user friendly fashion. I have not been able to find anything equivalent for ps. Is there a special formatting trick that can accomplish this?

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• What is user/owner 24561?

  - by ralphthemagician

  So, I just installed the node.js package from nodejs.org and I was poking around to see what it installed. Over in /usr/local/bin I saw this owner 24561. I see it in a few other places too. What is this? What does it mean? Should it be root like everything else? lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 66 Jun 23 13:02 mate -> /Applications/TextMate.app/Contents/SharedSupport/Support/bin/mate -rwxr-xr-x 1 24561 wheel 18865984 Jun 29 09:32 node -rwxr-xr-x 1 24561 wheel 355 Jun 29 09:32 node-waf lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 38 Jul 3 12:15 npm -> ../lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npm-cli.js What was curious is that I couldn't find any other information about this user by Googling. Using OS X Lion 10.7.4 with Xcode installed if that makes any difference.

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• TCP failure on Solaris

  - by anurag kohli

  Hi All, I recently ran into a problem where a Solaris server could not establish a TCP socket on port 2126. From a packet capture I see this (note: A is a Solaris server, B is a router): A sends SYN to B B sends SYN, ACK to A Notice A (Solaris) does not acknowledge the SYN from B. Due to the business impact of the problem, I had to reboot the server to fix the problem. That said, I want to know the next time the problem occurs, what can I do to get a root cause (ie before server reboot)? Thanks in advance.

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• failed to enable x11 forwarding

  - by Hunt

  I am trying to enable X11 forwarding on my server which is running on FreeBSD 7.1. I have a putty installed in my windows in which i have enabled X11 forwarding by checking on Enable X11 forwarding and specifying following parameter X display location localhost:0 after that i run putty and checked whether X11 is enabled or not by typing following command echo "$DISPLAY" or echo $DISPLAY but i am getting following error DISPLAY: Undefined variable. Even i have installed XManager but in that also i am getting following error The X11 forwarding request was rejected ! To solve this problem, please turn on the X11 forwarding features of the remote SSH server can anyone suggest me how to get rid off this ?

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• Use one machine to send mail with 2 ip's

  - by fermin

  I need to config one SMTP server (sendmail) to send mail with 2 interfaces with different ip's depending server. For example: In same machine with to ip: 1.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 i need to send email [email protected] by 1.1.1.1 and [email protected] by 2.2.2.2 I don't now if i can configure it on sendmail, or use iptables, some idea ? Thx.

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• Recompile PHP *nix

  - by Dorjan

  Hello everyone, I'm a total newb to *nix in all forms so assume I know nothing about it. I've been trying to use a php function set called "ZipArchive". It says I need to recompile php with the --enable-zip option. Now "recompile php" scares me. Does that re-install it!? Does it clear all previous settings so if I do this then any settings done prior will be wiped? Or is there a way to add on this one option? Seems a bit much for a re-installation to add a model when on a windows server it is just add a line to the .ini file :\ Many thanks to anyone who can clear up this matter for me :)

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• Why do I see the weird backspace behaviour on my shell sometimes?

  - by Lazer

  I use bash shell and sometimes all of a sudded, my Backspace key stops working (when this happens Ctrl + Backspace still works fine) I am not sure why this happens, but it also carries over to any vim sessions that I use from the shell. To my surprise, getting a fresh shell does not help, and the problem seems to go away as abruptly as it started. This is what the typed characters look like, each Backspace keypress is shown by a ^? on the shell $ cat filem^?namr^?e Does anybody have a clue what might be happening? How can I restore the normal behaviour?

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• Sent command-line output as an arguments to other command

  - by pavelartlover

  1) Here is the command to install special package (for example system/header) #pkg install system/header 2) ALso we can install several packages #pkg install system/header network/ssh package/rpm 3) Here is the command to show all available packages from special group #pkg contents -o fmri -H -rt depend -a type=group solaris-desktop How to install all packages from a special group in one command? (How to send output from the third command as an argument to second?)

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• Why are my at jobs running immediately on OS X?

  - by Gabe

  I want to schedule events for exact times in Mac OS X. It seems like the 'at' command is the simplest way to do this. I have enabled atrun using the command: launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.atrun.plist To test at, I'm using the following one-line BASH script: echo 'foo' path/to/log.txt | at now + 2 minutes When I run the script, I get output like: job 17 at Sat May 15 12:57:00 2010 where '12:57:00' is indeed 2 minutes in the future. But the echo command executes immediately: the line 'foo' is added to log.txt right away. How can I make at work for me?

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• rsync - Exclude files that are over a certain size?

  - by Rory

  I am doing a backup of my desktop to a remote machine. I'm basically doing rsync -a ~ example.com:backup/ However there are loads of large files, e.g. wikipedia dumps etc. Most of the files I care a lot about a small, such as firefox cookie files, or .bashrc. Is there some invocation to rsync that will exclude files that are over a certain size? That way I could copy all files that are less than 10MB first, then do all files. That way I can do a fast backup of the most important files, then a longer backup of everything else.

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• bash code in rc.local not excuting after bootup

  - by mrTomahawk

  Does anyone know why a system would not execute the script code within rc.local on bootup? I have a post configuration bash script that I want to run after the initial install of VMware ESX (Red Hat), and for some reason it doesn't seem to execute. I have the setup to log its start of execution and even its progress so that I can see how far it gets in case it fails at some point, but even when I look at that log, I am finding that didn't even started the execution of the script code. I already checked to see that script has execution permissions (755), what else should I be looking at? Here is the first few lines of my code: #!/bin/sh echo >> /tmp/configLog "" echo >> /tmp/configLog "Entering maintenance mode"

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• Mac Terminal.app: Force '^C' to be printed when editing current prompt, then aborting it

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  This is the opposite of Prevent “^C” from being printed when aborting editing current prompt. I'm using Bash. When I'm editing the commandline in Bash, and I hit Control-C to abort the commandline, the '^C' character does not display. I would like to see this character. I tried commands like stty -ctlecho and stty ctlecho (which I borrowed from the other question), but this didn't work for me. This behavior seems to be true with my environment on Ubuntu, CentOS and MacOSX. This only happens within Apple's Terminal.App. If I SSH to a remote Linux or FreeBSD box, then ^C is printed. So, this is clearly just a local setting. Update: Here is the output of stty -a, as requested by @quack quixote : $ stty -a speed 9600 baud; 41 rows; 88 columns; lflags: icanon isig iexten echo echoe -echok echoke -echonl echoctl -echoprt -altwerase -noflsh -tostop -flusho pendin -nokerninfo -extproc iflags: -istrip icrnl -inlcr -igncr ixon -ixoff ixany imaxbel iutf8 -ignbrk brkint -inpck -ignpar -parmrk oflags: opost onlcr -oxtabs -onocr -onlret cflags: cread cs8 -parenb -parodd hupcl -clocal -cstopb -crtscts -dsrflow -dtrflow -mdmbuf cchars: discard = ^O; dsusp = ^Y; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>; eol2 = <undef>; erase = ^?; intr = ^C; kill = ^U; lnext = ^V; min = 1; quit = ^\; reprint = ^R; start = ^Q; status = ^T; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; time = 0; werase = ^W; After typing stty sane, stty -a will output the following. The only difference is the parameter of -iutf8. $ stty sane $ stty -a speed 9600 baud; 41 rows; 157 columns; lflags: icanon isig iexten echo echoe -echok echoke -echonl echoctl -echoprt -altwerase -noflsh -tostop -flusho pendin -nokerninfo -extproc iflags: -istrip icrnl -inlcr -igncr ixon -ixoff ixany imaxbel -iutf8 -ignbrk brkint -inpck -ignpar -parmrk oflags: opost onlcr -oxtabs -onocr -onlret cflags: cread cs8 -parenb -parodd hupcl -clocal -cstopb -crtscts -dsrflow -dtrflow -mdmbuf cchars: discard = ^O; dsusp = ^Y; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>; eol2 = <undef>; erase = ^?; intr = ^C; kill = ^U; lnext = ^V; min = 1; quit = ^\; reprint = ^R; start = ^Q; status = ^T; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; time = 0; werase = ^W;

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• Mounting windows shares with Active Directory permissions

  - by Jamie

  I've managed to get my Ubuntu (server 10.04 beta 2) box to accept logins from users with Active Directory credentials, now I'd like those users to access there permissible windows shares on a W2003 R2 server. The Windows share ("\srv\Users\") has subdirectories named according to the domain account users and permissions are set accordingly. I would like to preserve these permissions, but don't know how to go about it. Would I mount as an AD administrator or have each user mount with there own AD credentials? How do determine between using mount.smbfs or mount.cifs?

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• ubuntu 9.04 /var/www permissions

  - by luca

  ubuntu 9.04, user luca wants to access the /var/www directory. the directory is owned by user root, group root I changed the group ownership to www-data (sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www/) and added write privileges to that group (sudo chmod -R g+r /var/www), and added luca to that group (sudo adduser luca www-data). Now, why can't luca still write to /var/www? It should be able to, right? in /etc/group we have: "www-data:x:33:luca" permissions for /var/www are: "drwxrwxr-x 2 root www-data 4096 Feb 26 15:35 www"

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• Redirect input from one terminal to another

  - by Niki Yoshiuchi

  I have sshed into a linux box and I'm using dvtm and bash (although I have also tried this with Gnu screen and bash). I have two terminals, current /dev/pts/29 and /dev/pts/130. I want to redirect the input from one to the other. From what I understand, in /dev/pts/130 I can type: cat </dev/pts/29 And then when I type in /dev/pts/29 the characters I type should show up in /dev/pts/130. However what ends up happening is that every other character I type gets redirected. For example, if I type "hello" I get this: /dev/pts/29 | /dev/pts/130 $ | $ cat </dev/pts/29 $ el | hlo This is really frustrating as I need to do this in order to redirect the io of a process running in gdb (I've tried both run /dev/pts/# and set inferior-tty /dev/pts/# and both resulted in the aforementioned behavior). Am I doing something wrong, or is this a bug in bash/screen/dvtm?

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