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• Modify columns in a data frame in R more cleanly - maybe using with() or apply()?

  - by Mittenchops

  I understand the answer in R to repetitive things is usually "apply()" rather than loop. Is there a better R-design pattern for a nasty bit of code I create frequently? So, pulling tabular data from HTML, I usually need to change the data type, and end up running something like this, to convert the first column to date format (from decimal), and columns 2-4 from character strings with comma thousand separators like "2,400,000" to numeric "2400000." X[,1] <- decYY2YY(as.numeric(X[,1])) X[,2] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,2])) X[,3] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,3])) X[,4] <- as.numeric(gsub(",", "", X[,4])) I don't like that I have X[,number] repeated on both the left and ride sides here, or that I have basically the same statement repeated for 2-4. Is there a very R-style way of making X[,2] less repetitive but still loop-free? Something that sort of says "apply this to columns 2,3,4---a function that reassigns the current column to a modified version in place?" I don't want to create a whole, repeatable cleaning function, really, just a quick anonymous function that does this with less repetition.

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• What might be causing this Rails method error?

  - by Trip

  My error: Notice the undefined method '-@' . This is for a sort by. All sorts on one page break, but all the sorts on other pages use the same helper and do not break. Does it allude to something obvious? Processing OrganizationsController#search (for ::1 at 2010-05-13 15:42:01) [GET] Parameters: {"action"=>"search", "controller"=>"organizations", "direction"=>"desc", "_"=>"1273779721464", "order_by"=>"published_at"} SQL (0.5ms) SHOW TABLES Organization Columns (2.2ms) SHOW FIELDS FROM `organizations` NoMethodError (undefined method `-@' for #<Array:0x2f88cc8>): app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb:190:in `search' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/util.rb:84:in `call' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/util.rb:84:in `instance_eval_or_call' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/search.rb:200:in `build' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/session.rb:45:in `new_search' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/session.rb:53:in `search' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot/session_proxy/abstract_session_proxy.rb:11:in `search' sunspot (1.0.5) lib/sunspot.rb:323:in `search' app/controllers/organizations_controller.rb:183:in `search' haml (2.2.2) [v] rails/./lib/sass/plugin/rails.rb:19:in `process' lib/flash_session_cookie_middleware.rb:14:in `call' vendor/gems/hoptoad_notifier-2.2.2/lib/hoptoad_notifier/rack.rb:27:in `call' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:104:in `service' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/httpserver.rb:65:in `run' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:173:in `start_thread' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:162:in `start_thread' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:95:in `start' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `each' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:92:in `start' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:23:in `start' /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.8/webrick/server.rb:82:in `start' Rendered rescues/_trace (68.5ms) Rendered rescues/_request_and_response (0.6ms) Rendering rescues/layout (internal_server_error)

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• SQLAlchemy, one to many vs many to one

  - by sadvaw

  Dear Everyone, I have the following data: CREATE TABLE `groups` ( `bookID` INT NOT NULL, `groupID` INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(`bookID`), KEY( `groupID`) ); and a book table which basically has books( bookID, name, ... ), but WITHOUT groupID. There is no way for me to determine what the groupID is at the time of the insert for books. I want to do this in sqlalchemy. Hence I tried mapping Book to the books joined with groups on book.bookID=groups.bookID. I made the following: tb_groups = Table( 'groups', metadata, Column('bookID', Integer, ForeignKey('books.bookID'), primary_key=True ), Column('groupID', Integer), ) tb_books = Table( 'books', metadata, Column('bookID', Integer, primary_key=True), tb_joinedBookGroup = sql.join( tb_books, tb_groups, \ tb_books.c.bookID == tb_groups.c.bookID) and defined the following mapper: mapper( Group, tb_groups, properties={ 'books': relation(Book, backref='group') }) mapper( Book, tb_joinedBookGroup ) ... However, when I execute this piece of code, I realized that each book object has a field groups, which is a list, and each group object has books field which is a singular assigment. I think my definition here must have been causing sqlalchemy to be confused about the many-to-one vs one-to-many relationship. Can someone help me sort this out? My desired goal is g.books = [b, b, b, .. ] book.group = g, where g is an instance of group, and b is an instance of book

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• folder structure in a mercurial repo?

  - by ajsie

  I have just switched from svn to mercurial and have read some tutorials about it. I've still got some confusions that i hope you could help me to sort out. I wonder if I have understood the folder structure in a mercurial repo right. In a svn repo I usually have these folders: svn: branches (branches/chat, branches/new_login etc) tags (version1.0, version2.0 etc) sandbox trunk Should a branch actually be another clone of the original/central repo in mercurial? it seemed like that when I read the manual. And a tag is just a named identifier, but you should clone the original/central repo whenever you want to create a tag? How about the sandbox? should that be another clone too? So basically you just have in a repo all the folders/files that you would have in the trunk folder? mercurial: central repo: projects folders/files (not in any parentfolder) tag repo: cloned from central repo at a given moment for release (version1.0, version2.0 etc) branch repo: cloned from central repo for adding features (chat, new_login etc) sandbox repo: experimental repo (could be pushed to central repo, or just deleted) is this correct?

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• Appropriate uses of Monad `fail` vs. MonadPlus `mzero`

  - by jberryman

  This is a question that has come up several times for me in the design code, especially libraries. There seems to be some interest in it so I thought it might make a good community wiki. The fail method in Monad is considered by some to be a wart; a somewhat arbitrary addition to the class that does not come from the original category theory. But of course in the current state of things, many Monad types have logical and useful fail instances. The MonadPlus class is a sub-class of Monad that provides an mzero method which logically encapsulates the idea of failure in a monad. So a library designer who wants to write some monadic code that does some sort of failure handling can choose to make his code use the fail method in Monad or restrict his code to the MonadPlus class, just so that he can feel good about using mzero, even though he doesn't care about the monoidal combining mplus operation at all. Some discussions on this subject are in this wiki page about proposals to reform the MonadPlus class. So I guess I have one specific question: What monad instances, if any, have a natural fail method, but cannot be instances of MonadPlus because they have no logical implementation for mplus? But I'm mostly interested in a discussion about this subject. Thanks! EDIT: One final thought occured to me. I recently learned (even though it's right there in the docs for fail) that monadic "do" notation is desugared in such a way that pattern match failures, as in (x:xs) <- return [] call the monad's fail. It seems like the language designers must have been strongly influenced by the prospect of some automatic failure handling built in to haskell's syntax in their inclusion of fail in Monad.

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• In Perl, how can I wait for threads to end in parallel?

  - by Pmarcoen

  I have a Perl script that launches 2 threads,one for each processor. I need it to wait for a thread to end, if one thread ends a new one is spawned. It seems that the join method blocks the rest of the program, therefore the second thread can't end until everything the first thread does is done which sort of defeats its purpose. I tried the is_joinable method but that doesn't seem to do it either. Here is some of my code : use threads; use threads::shared; @file_list = @ARGV; #Our file list $nofiles = $#file_list + 1; #Real number of files $currfile = 1; #Current number of file to process my %MSG : shared; #shared hash $thr0 = threads->new(\&process, shift(@file_list)); $currfile++; $thr1 = threads->new(\&process, shift(@file_list)); $currfile++; while(1){ if ($thr0->is_joinable()) { $thr0->join; #check if there are files left to process if($currfile <= $nofiles){ $thr0 = threads->new(\&process, shift(@file_list)); $currfile++; } } if ($thr1->is_joinable()) { $thr1->join; #check if there are files left to process if($currfile <= $nofiles){ $thr1 = threads->new(\&process, shift(@file_list)); $currfile++; } } } sub process{ print "Opening $currfile of $nofiles\n"; #do some stuff if(some condition){ lock(%MSG); #write stuff to hash } print "Closing $currfile of $nofiles\n"; } The output of this is : Opening 1 of 4 Opening 2 of 4 Closing 1 of 4 Opening 3 of 4 Closing 3 of 4 Opening 4 of 4 Closing 2 of 4 Closing 4 of 4

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• encapsulation in python list (want to use " instead of ')

  - by Codehai

  I have a list of users users["pirates"] and they're stored in the format ['pirate1','pirate2']. If I hand the list over to a def and query for it in MongoDB, it returns data based on the first index (e.g. pirate1) only. If I hand over a list in the format ["pirate1","pirate"], it returns data based on all the elements in the list. So I think there's something wrong with the encapsulation of the elements in the list. My question: can I change the encapsulation from ' to " without replacing every ' on every element with a loop manually? Short Example: aList = list() # get pirate Stuff # users["pirates"] is a list returned by a former query # so e.g. users["pirates"][0] may be peter without any quotes for pirate in users["pirates"]: aList.append(pirate) aVar = pirateDef(aList) print(aVar) the definition: def pirateDef(inputList = list()): # prepare query col = mongoConnect().MYCOL # query for pirates Arrrr pirates = col.find({ "_id" : {"$in" : inputList}} ).sort("_id",1).limit(50) # loop over users userList = list() for person in pirates: # do stuff that has nothing to do with the problem # append user to userlist userList.append(person) return userList If the given list has ' encapsulation it returns: 'pirates': [{'pirate': 'Arrr', '_id': 'blabla'}] If capsulated with " it returns: 'pirates' : [{'_id': 'blabla', 'pirate' : 'Arrr'}, {'_id': 'blabla2', 'pirate' : 'cheers'}] EDIT: I tried figuring out, that the problem has to be in the MongoDB query. The list is handed over to the Def correctly, but after querying pirates only consists of 1 element... Thanks for helping me Codehai

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• Strongly typed dynamic Linq sorting

  - by David

  I'm trying to build some code for dynamically sorting a Linq IQueryable<. The obvious way is here, which sorts a list using a string for the field name http://dvanderboom.wordpress.com/2008/12/19/dynamically-composing-linq-orderby-clauses/ However I want one change - compile time checking of field names, and the ability to use refactoring/Find All References to support later maintenance. That means I want to define the fields as f=f.Name, instead of as strings. For my specific use I want to encapsulate some code that would decide which of a list of named "OrderBy" expressions should be used based on user input, without writing different code every time. Here is the gist of what I've written: var list = from m Movies select m; // Get our list var sorter = list.GetSorter(...); // Pass in some global user settings object sorter.AddSort("NAME", m=m.Name); sorter.AddSort("YEAR", m=m.Year).ThenBy(m=m.Year); list = sorter.GetSortedList(); ... public class Sorter ... public static Sorter GetSorter(this IQueryable source, ...) The GetSortedList function determines which of the named sorts to use, which results in a List object, where each FieldData contains the MethodInfo and Type values of the fields passed in AddSort: public SorterItem AddSort(Func field) { MethodInfo ... = field.Method; Type ... = TypeOf(TKey); // Create item, add item to diction, add fields to item's List // The item has the ThenBy method, which just adds another field to the List } I'm not sure if there is a way to store the entire field object in a way that would allow it be returned later (it would be impossible to cast, since it is a generic type) Is there a way I could adapt the sample code, or come up with entirely new code, in order to sort using strongly typed field names after they have been stored in some container and retrieved (losing any generic type casting)

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• Should I be using Expression Blend to design really dynamic UIs?

  - by Robert Rossney

  My company's product is, at its core, a framework for developing metadata-driven UIs. I don't know how to characterize it less succinctly than that, and hope I won't need to for purposes of this question, but we'll see. I've been trying to come up to speed on WPF, and have been building UI prototypes here and there, and recently I decided to see if I could use Expression Blend to help with the design of these UIs. And I'm pretty mystified at this point. It appears to me as though Expresssion Blend is designed with the expectation that you already know all of the objects that are going to be present in the UI at design time. But our program generates these object dynamically at runtime. For instance, a data row might be presented in a horizontal StackPanel containing alternating TextBlocks (for captions) and TextBoxes (for data fields). The number of these objects depends on metadata about the number of columns in the data row. I can, pretty readily, write code that runs through a metadata record and populates a StackPanel dynamically, setting up the binding of all of the controls to properties in either the data or metadata. (A TextBox's Width might be bound to metadata, while its Text is bound to data.) But I can't even begin to figure out how to do something like this in Expression Blend. I can manually create all these controls, so that I have a set of controls that I can apply styles to and work out the visual design of the app, but it's really a pain to do this. I can write code that goes through my data model and emits XAML for all these controls, I suppose, and then copy and paste it. But I'm going to feel really stupid if it turns out there a way to do this sort of thing in Expression Blend and I've dropped back and punted because I'm too dim to figure out the right way to think of it. Is this enough information for someone to try formulating an answer?

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• Removing a pattern from the beggining and end of a string in ruby

  - by seaneshbaugh

  So I found myself needing to remove <br /> tags from the beginning and end of strings in a project I'm working on. I made a quick little method that does what I need it to do but I'm not convinced it's the best way to go about doing this sort of thing. I suspect there's probably a handy regular expression I can use to do it in only a couple of lines. Here's what I got: def remove_breaks(text) if text != nil and text != "" text.strip! index = text.rindex("<br />") while index != nil and index == text.length - 6 text = text[0, text.length - 6] text.strip! index = text.rindex("<br />") end text.strip! index = text.index("<br />") while index != nil and index == 0 text = test[6, text.length] text.strip! index = text.index("<br />") end end return text end Now the "<br />" could really be anything, and it'd probably be more useful to make a general use function that takes as an argument the string that needs to be stripped from the beginning and end. I'm open to any suggestions on how to make this cleaner because this just seems like it can be improved.

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• Best Practice for Summary Footer (and the like) in MVC

  - by benpage

  Simple question on best practice. Say I have: public class Product { public string Name { get; set; } public string Price { get; set; } public int CategoryID { get; set; } public bool IsAvailable { get; set; } } and i have a view using IEnumerable< Product as the model, and i iterate through the Products on the page and want to show the total of the prices at the end of the list, should I use: <%= Model.Sum(x=> x.Price) %> or should I use some other method? This may extend to include more involved things like: <%= Model.Where(x=> x.CategoryID == 5 && x.IsAvailable).Sum(x=> x.Price) %> and even <% foreach (Product p in Model.Where(x=> x.IsAvailable) {%> -- insert html -- <% } %> <% foreach (Product p in Model.Where(x=> !x.IsAvailable) {%> -- insert html -- <% } %> I guess this comes down to should I have that sort of code within my view, or should i be passing it to my view in ViewData? Or perhaps some other way?

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• What is the simplest way to map a folder on the file system to a url in Tomcat?

  - by Simon

  Here's my problem... I have a small prototype app (happens to be in Grails hosted on AWS) and I want to add the ability of the user to upload a few (max 10) images. I want to persist these images on disk on the server machine, in a folder location which is outside my WAR. I realise that there is probably a super-scalable solution involving more web servers and optimised static asset serving, but for the approximately 100 users I am likely to get, it's really not worth the effort and cost. So, what is the simplest way I can have a virtual folder from my url map to a physical folder on disk? I sort of want... http://myapp.com/static to map to a folder which I can configure e.g. /var/www/static so I can then have in my code... <img src="/static/user1/picture.jpg"/> I don't particularly mind whether the resulting physical folders are directly browsable. Security will eventually be an issue, but it isn't at the start. So, what are my options? I have looked at virtual hosts on the apache site, but it feels more complicated than I need. I don't want to use the Grails static rendering plugins.

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• JSR-299 (CDI) configuration at runtime

  - by nsn

  I need to configure different @Alternatives, @Decorators and @Injectors for different runtime environments (think testing, staging and production servers). Right now I use maven to create three wars, and the only difference between those wars are in the beans.xml files. Is there a better way to do this? I do have @Alternative @Stereotypes for the different environments, but even then I need to alter beans.xml, and they don't work for @Decorators (or do they?) Is it somehow possible to instruct CDI to ignore the values in beans.xml and use a custom configuration source? Because then I could for example read a system property or other environment variable. The application exclusively runs in containers that use Weld, so a weld-specific solution would be ok. I already tried to google this but can't seem to find good search terms, and I asked the Weld-Users-Forums, but to no avail. Someone over there suggested to write my own custom extension, but I can't find any API to actually change the container configuration at runtime. I think it would be possible to have some sort of @ApplicationScoped configuration bean and inject that into all @Decorators which could then decide themselves whether they should be active or not and then in order to configure @Alternatives write @Produces methods for every interface with multiple implementations and inject the config bean there too. But this seems to me like a lot of unnecessary work to essentially duplicate functionality already present in CDI?

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• Can one connection get details of another? Or, how can I get the most detailed pending transaction

  - by bob-the-destroyer

  Is there a Mysql statement which provides full details of any other open connection or user? For this particular case, on myisam tables specifically. Looking at Mysql's SHOW TABLE STATUS documentation, it's missing some very important information for my purpose. For example: remote odbc connection one is inserting several thousand records, which due to a slow connection speed can take up to an hour. Tcp connection two, using PHP on the server's localhost, is running select queries with aggregate functions on that data. Before allowing connection two to run those queries, I'd like connection two to first check to make sure there's no pending inserts on any other connection on those specific tables so it can instead wait until all data is available. If the table is currently being written to, I'd like to spit back to the user of connection two an approximation of how much longer to wait based on the number of pending inserts. Ideally by table, I'd like to get back using a query the timestamp when connection one began the write, total inserts left to be done, and total inserts already completed. Instead of insert counts, even knowing number of bytes written and left to write would work just fine here. Obviously since connection two is a tcp connection via a PHP script, all I can really use in that script is some sort of query. I suppose if I have to, since it is on localhost, I can exec() it if the only way is by a mysql command line option that outputs this info, but I'd rather not. I suppose I could simply update a custom-made transaction log before and after this massive insert task which the PHP script can check, but hopefully there's already a built-in Mysql feature I can take advantage of.

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• Converting Source ASCII Files to JPEGs

  - by CommonsWare

  I publish technical books, in print, PDF, and Kindle/MOBI, with EPUB on the way. The Kindle does not support monospace fonts, which are kinda useful for source code listings. The only way to do monospace fonts is to convert the text (Java source, HTML, XML, etc.) into JPEG images. More specifically, due to pagination issues, a given input ASCII file needs to be split into slices of ~6 lines each, with each slice turned into a JPEG, so listings can span a screen. This is a royal pain. My current mechanism to do that involves: Running expand to set a consistent 2-space tab size, which pipes to... a2ps, which pipes to... A small Perl snippet to add a "%%LanguageLevel: 3\n" line, which pipes to... ImageMagick's convert, to take the (E)PS and make a JPEG out it, with an appropriate background, cropped to 575x148+5+28, etc. That used to work 100% of the time. It now works 95% of the time. The rest of the time, I get convert: geometry does not contain image errors, which I cannot seem to get rid of, in part because I don't understand what the problem is. Before this process, I used to use a pretty-print engine (source-highlight) to get HTML out of the source code...but then the only thing I could find to convert the HTML into JPEGs was to automate screen-grabs from an embedded Gecko engine. Reliability stank, which is why I switched to my current mechanism. So, if you were you, and you needed to turn source listings into JPEG images, in an automated fashion, how would you do it? Bonus points if it offers some sort of pretty-print process (e.g., bolded keywords)! Or, if you know what typically causes convert: geometry does not contain image, that might help. My current process is ugly, but if I could get it back to 100% reliability, that'd be just fine for now. Thanks in advance!

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• PHP hashing function not working properly

  - by Jordan Foreman

  So I read a quick PHP login system securing article, and was trying to sort of duplicate their hashing method, and during testing, am not getting the proper output. Here is my code: function decryptPassword($pw, $salt){ $hash = hash('sha256', $salt . hash('sha256', $pw)); return $hash; } function encryptPassword($pw){ $hash = hash('sha256', $pw); $salt = substr(md5(uniqid(rand(), true)), 0, 3); $hash = hash('sha265', $salt . $hash); return array( 'salt' => $salt, 'hash' => $hash ); } And here is my testing code: $pw = $_GET['pw']; $enc = encryptPassword($pw); $hash = $enc['hash']; $salt = $enc['salt']; echo 'Pass: ' . $pw . '<br />'; echo 'Hash: ' . $hash . '<br />'; echo 'Salt: ' . $salt . '<br />'; echo 'Decrypt: ' . decryptPassword($hash, $salt); Now, the output of this should be pretty obvious, but unfortunately, the $hash variable always comes out empty! I'm trying to figure out what the problem could be, and my only guess would be the second $hash assignment line in the encryptPassword(..) function. After a little testing, I've determined that the first assignment works smoothly, but the second does not. Any suggestions? Thanks SO!

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• EF4 + STE: Reattaching via a WCF Service? Using a new objectcontext each and every time?

  - by Martin

  Hi there, I am planning to use WCF (not ria) in conjunction with Entity Framework 4 and STE (Self tracking entitites). If i understnad this correctly my WCF should return an entity or collection of entities (using LIST for example and not IQueryable) to the client (in my case silverlight) The client then can change the entity or update it. At this point i believe it is self tracking???? This is where i sort of get a bit confused as there are a lot of reported problems with STEs not tracking.. Anyway... Then to update i just need to send back the entity to my WCF service on another method to do the update. I should be creating a new OBJECTCONTEXT everytime? In every method? If i am creaitng a new objectcontext everytime in everymethod on my WCF then don't i need to re-attach the STE to the objectcontext? So basically this alone wouldn't work?? using(var ctx = new MyContext()) { ctx.Orders.ApplyChanges(order); ctx.SaveChanges(); } Or should i be creating the object context once in the constructor of the WCF service so that 1 call and every additional call using the same wcf instance uses the same objectcontext? I could create and destroy the wcf service in each method call from the client - hence creating in effect a new objectcontext each time. I understand that it isn't a good idea to keep the objectcontext alive for very long. Any insight or information would be gratefully appreciated thanks

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• Starting a code library.

  - by Rob Stevenson-Leggett

  Hi, I've been meaning to start a library of reusable code snippets for a while and never seem to get round to it. I think my main problems are: Where to start. What structure should my library take? Should it be a compiled library (where appropriate or just classes I can drop into any project? Or a library project that can be included? In my experience, a built library will quickly become out of date and the source will get lost. So I'm leaning towards source libraries that I can export from SVN and include in any project. Intellectual property. I am employeed, so a lot of the code I write is not my IP. How can I ensure that I don't give my own IP away using it on projects in work and at home? I'm thinking the best way would be to licence my library with an open source licence and make sure I only add to it in my own time using my own equipment and therefore making sure that if I use it in a work project the same rules apply as if I was using a third party library. I write in many different languages and often would require two or more parts of this library. Should I look at implementing a few template projects and a core project for each of my chosen reusable components and languages? Has anyone else got this sort of library and how do you organise and update it?

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• Android Layout + Programming

  - by MD

  I'm trying to create a "scrollable" layout in Android. Even using developers.android.com, though, I feel a little bit lost at the moment. I'm somewhat new to Java, but not so much that I feel I should be having these issues--being new to Android is the bigger problem right now. The layout I'm trying to create should scroll in a sort of a "grid". I THINK what I'm looking for is the Gallery view, but I'm really lost as to how to implement it at the moment. I want it to "snap" to center the frame, like in the actual Gallery application. Essentially, if I had a photo gallery of 9 pictures, the idea is to scroll between them up/down AND side to side, in a 3x3 manner. Doesn't need to dynamically adjust, or anything like that, I just want a grid I can scroll through. I'm also not asking for anyone to give me explicit code for it--I'm trying to learn, more than anything. But pointing me in the right direction for helpful layout programming resources would be greatly appreciated, and confirming if it's a Gallery view I'm looking for would also be really helpful. Thanks in advance.

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• What to call factory-like (java) methods used with immutable objects

  - by StaxMan

  When creating classes for "immutable objects" immutable meaning that state of instances can not be changed; all fields assigned in constructor) in Java (and similar languages), it is sometimes useful to still allow creation of modified instances. That is, using an instance as base, and creating a new instance that differs by just one property value; other values coming from the base instance. To give a simple example, one could have class like: public class Circle { final double x, y; // location final double radius; public Circle(double x, double y, double r) { this.x = x; this.y = y; this.r = r; } // method for creating a new instance, moved in x-axis by specified amount public Circle withOffset(double deltaX) { return new Circle(x+deltaX, y, radius); } } So: what should method "withOffset" be called? (note: NOT what its name ought to be -- but what is this class of methods called). Technically it is kind of a factory method, but somehow that does not seem quite right to me, since often factories are just given basic properties (and are either static methods, or are not members of the result type but factory type). So I am guessing there should be a better term for such methods. Since these methods can be used to implement "fluent interface", maybe they could be "fluent factory methods"? Better suggestions? EDIT: as suggested by one of answers, java.math.BigDecimal is a good example with its 'add', 'subtract' (etc) methods. Also: I noticed that there's this question (by Jon Skeet no less) that is sort of related (although it asks about specific name for method)

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• How can I prevent text displacement for some foreign language fonts?

  - by weltraumpirat

  I have a multilingual project (currently 13 languages), which uses many different font variations of "Helvetica Neue", mostly bold, condensed and regular cuts from the LinoType Pro font set ( which includes western european characters) and the same for cyrillic. We will probably add chinese and japanese variations in the future. I have set up the project to use different CSS stylesheets and separately load the fonts for each version, depending on which language the user selects, so I can have different line heights, kerning and/or font sizes to make everything keep the original look, even if the fonts look nothing alike. All of this works well, except for one problem: For some reason, all cyrillic letters seem to be displaced. They appear 2-3 pixels below the correct base line, and actually protrude across the textfield's bottom border, even when the field is set to autosize. When I use textfield.getCharBoundaries(), all values seem to be correct, even though they obviously aren't rendered correctly. To make everything look neat, I could of course manually move all problematic textfields up or down according to language and font size, but I was wondering if there was some way to prevent or at least detect this kind of displacement in order to automatically handle the adjustments - the Flash Player should have some sort of information on how things are rendered, shouldn't it? Have any of you had similar problems? Or better yet: a solution?

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• Move SELECT to SQL Server side

  - by noober

  Hello all, I have an SQLCLR trigger. It contains a large and messy SELECT inside, with parts like: (CASE WHEN EXISTS(SELECT * FROM INSERTED I WHERE I.ID = R.ID) THEN '1' ELSE '0' END) AS IsUpdated -- Is selected row just added? as well as JOINs etc. I like to have the result as a single table with all included. Question 1. Can I move this SELECT to SQL Server side? If yes, how to do this? Saying "move", I mean to create a stored procedure or something else that can be executed before reading dataset in while cycle. The 2 following questions make sense only if answer is "yes". Why do I want to move SELECT? First off, I don't like mixing SQL with C# code. At second, I suppose that server-side queries run faster, since the server have more chances to cache them. Question 2. Am I right? Is it some sort of optimizing? Also, the SELECT contains constant strings, but they are localizable. For instance, WHERE R.Status = "Enabled" "Enabled" should be changed for French, German etc. So, I want to write 2 static methods -- OnCreate and OnDestroy -- then mark them as stored procedures. When registering/unregistering my assembly on server side, just call them respectively. In OnCreate format the SELECT string, replacing {0}, {1}... with required values from the assembly resources. Then I can localize resources only, not every script. Question 3. Is it good idea? Is there an existing attribute to mark methods to be executed by SQL Server automatically after (un)registartion an assembly? Regards,

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• Refining Search Results [PHP/MySQL]

  - by Dae

  I'm creating a set of search panes that allow users to tweak their results set after submitting a query. We pull commonly occurring values in certain fields from the results and display them in order of their popularity - you've all seen this sort of thing on eBay. So, if a lot of rows in our results were created in 2009, we'll be able to click "2009" and see only rows created in that year. What in your opinion is the most efficient way of applying these filters? My working solution was to discard entries from the results that didn't match the extra arguments, like: while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)) { foreach($_GET as $key => $val) { if($val !== $row[$key]) { continue 2; } } // Output... } This method should hopefully only query the database once in effect, as adding filters doesn't change the query - MySQL can cache and reuse one data set. On the downside it makes pagination a bit of a headache. The obvious alternative would be to build any additional criteria into the initial query, something like: $sql = "SELECT * FROM tbl MATCH (title, description) AGAINST ('$search_term')"; foreach($_GET as $key => $var) { $sql .= " AND ".$key." = ".$var; } Are there good reasons to do this instead? Or are there better options altogether? Maybe a temporary table? Any thoughts much appreciated!

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• [C#] Dynamic user-interface, WPF or not?

  - by pieter.lowie

  Hi, I'm currently working at a application that helps people understand how to do there job. You can see it as a personal coach that guides them trough all the steps they need to do that no normal person could keep remembering. In my previous application we had the ability to show the user up to 4 pictures (what proves to be more then enough). The application would load the data and see how many pictures where in every instruction and then sort out the picture in the best fitting way without messing up the scale and resolution of the pictures. This all was done with GDI+ and worked very well. Ofc, change is something that always happens, my bosses came up with some great ideas. So they want to be able to see movies on the screen, animated gif's, 3D models that can rotate or animate. So I think we had pushed GDI+ to it's limits and it's time to look for something different. I have heard and readed about WPF but have no experience with it. Is it even possible to do all what I ask in WPF? And what about the old picture-merging thing I wrote, can we also get it done in wpf? I tried to make some things working but I didn't went as smooth as I hoped. I'm also concerned about the fact that the interface needs to be dynamic, the one moment it should be showing picture with some text above it, the other moment it should be showing another text with a video under it. I would love to hear some opinions here and if you got some other suggestions I should look into pls tell me. Thnx in advance PS: If WPF is the choice, should I convince my boss to change to .net 4.0?

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• How not to lose binding source updates?

  - by Fyodor Soikin

  Suppose I have a modal dialog with a textbox and OK/Cancel buttons. And it is built on MVVM - i.e. it has a ViewModel object with a string property that the textbox is bound to. Say, I enter some text in the textbox and then grab my mouse and click "OK". Everything works fine: at the moment of click, the textbox loses focus, which causes the binding engine to update the ViewModel's property. I get my data, everybody's happy. Now suppose I don't use my mouse. Instead, I just hit Enter on the keyboard. This also causes the "OK" button to "click", since it is marked as IsDefault="True". But guess what? The textbox doesn not lose focus in this case, and therefore, the binding engine remains innocently ignorant, and I don't get my data. Dang! Another variation of the same scenario: suppose I have a data entry form right in the main window, enter some data into it, and then hit Ctrl+S for "Save". Guess what? My latest entry doesn't get saved! This may be somewhat remedied by using UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, but that is not always possible. One obvious case would be the use of StringFormat with binding - the text keeps jumping back into "formatted" state as I'm trying to enter it. And another case, which I have encountered myself, is when I have some time-consuming processing in the viewmodel's property setter, and I only want to perform it when the user is "done" entering text. This seems like an eternal problem: I remember trying to solve it systematically from ages ago, ever since I've started working with interactive interfaces, but I've never quite succeeded. In the past, I always ended up using some sort of hacks - like, say, adding an "EnsureDataSaved" method to every "presenter" (as in "MVP") and calling it at "critical" points, or something like that... But with all the cool technologies, as well as empty hype, of WPF, I expected they'd come up with some good solution.

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