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  • Print ssh and su chain

    - by user1824885
    Is there a way to show the complete ssh and su chain in bash? For example. In Server A as user aa: su - ab ssh ba@B su - bb Thus, I would like a command that prints something like this: 1 bash aa in A 2 su ab in A 3 ssh ba in B 4 su bb in B I tried pstree but it does not print the users and only works with the processes of the last ssh'ed server: $ pstree | grep -C 5 pstree serversshd---sshd---sshd---bash---su---bash-+-grep | `-pstree Thanks and regards.

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  • Why does bash sometimes think my $HOME isn't the correct directory?

    - by Adam Yanalunas
    Like the title says it seems that bash sometimes misidentifies my $HOME. This cropped up after a seemingly unique series of events that I will now replay in broad strokes. Running OS X 10.6 with normal, local account Work binds my account to Active Directory Much time passes with no issues Set up rvm to manage Ruby installs (this becomes important later) Upgraded to OS X 10.7 a few days ago After successful install, attempted to log in, was presented with "Must reset password" dialog that never allowed a password to be reset. Would simply shake the box after new password was entered. Much googling was done. Much more googling was done. Swearing was had. Logged in as root, created new account, set as admin, deleted /Users/[new account], renamed /Users/[old account] to /Users/[new account] Logged out of root, logged into new account with no issues After OS X asking for a my account password a few times to update Keychain and other system-level stuff it was back to business as usual. Opened Terminal, cd to project folder, tried "rails server" and was presented with: /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in to_specs': Could not find rails (>= 0) amongst [] (Gem::LoadError) from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:into_spec' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb:1210:in gem' from /usr/local/bin/rails:18:in' Ran through a few exercises, decided to rm -rf ~/.rvm and reinstall. Running a --trace on the rvm installer shows it dies on this line: mkdir: /Users/[old account]: Permission denied Scrolling back through the --trace log I see many more mentions of /Users/[old account]. When inspect the install script the offending line is looking at "${HOME}/.rvm" as it tries to run the mkdir. To my confusion I also see mentions of /Users/[new account] in the log. I've tried exporting a new HOME in my .bash_profile to no luck. Can anyone guess why /Users/[old account] would still be kicking around?

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  • On Ubuntu get: "-bash: ./flume No such file or directory" BUT flume is there and executable. Same binary OK on RHEL

    - by lcbrevard
    This is already posted in serverfault - and may be more apprpriate there. Reworked a bit from the orginal posting. We have a product built on CentOS 4 32-bit Linux that runs unmodified on 32- and 64-bit CentOS/RHEL 4 and 5 and SLES 10. It also runs unmodified on SLES 9 64-bit. [SLES 9 32-bit requires a different libstdc++.] The name of the main binary executable is 'flume' Yesterday we tried to put this on 64-bit Ubuntu 10 and, even though the file is there and the right size, we get: -bash: ./flume: No such file or directory 'file flume' shows it to be a 32-bit ELF (can't remember the exact output and the system is on an isolated network) If put into /usr/local/bin, then 'which flume' returns: /usr/local/bin/flume The file is marked as executable (did 'chmod +x flume') and lsattr shows no problems with attribute bits. I was not able to try 'ldd flume' yet. I have also not tried 'strace flume'. Currently I am with an air conditioning failure. [It's been that kind of week!] I now suspect that some library is not there. This is a profoundly unhelpful message and one I have never seen before. Is this peculiar to Ubuntu or perhaps just to this installation. We gave up and moved to a RHEL 4 system and everything is fine. But I sure would like to know what causes this.

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  • How can I run sudo gedit as gksu gedit

    - by SimplySimon
    I'm looking into ways of automatically loading Gedit as gksu gedit when I enter sudo gedit by mistake? I have found that I have made a number of files unreachable by using gedit and I have only just found out why! ACHIEVED SO FAR I have written a script which will make an alias so that if I type in sudo <application> it can automatically convert that to gksu <application> but I want to make this alias stick, so that I don't have to run the script every time I boot the computer. Is there a config file I can edit or should I run this script as a start up script (which would be inconvenient!)?

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  • Recommended: git-completion.bash

    - by andy.grover
    If you use git on a daily basis like I do, git-completion.bash is a great way to make your life a little easier. While I guess it does add tab-completion for git commands, the most useful feature for me is the ability to put the current branch into the cmdline prompt. Now that I am comfortable working with multiple git branches and remotes, a little reminder where I am prevents time-consuming mistakes. git-completion.bash lives in git's git tree.git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.gitcopy git/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash to ~/.git-completion.shFollow the instructions in the file to set up, and enable showing branch in $PS1I also use this alias in my ~/.gitconfig, which is convenient:[alias]        log1 = log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commitHave fun!

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  • How to improve this bash shell script for turning hardlinks into symlinks?

    - by MountainX
    This shell script is mostly the work of other people. It has gone through several iterations, and I have tweaked it slightly while also trying to fully understand how it works. I think I understand it now, but I don't have confidence to significantly alter it on my own and risk losing data when I run the altered version. So I would appreciate some expert guidance on how to improve this script. The changes I am seeking are: make it even more robust to any strange file names, if possible. It currently handles spaces in file names, but not newlines. I can live with that (because I try to find any file names with newlines and get rid of them). make it more intelligent about which file gets retained as the actual inode content and which file(s) become sym links. I would like to be able to choose to retain the file that is either a) the shortest path, b) the longest path or c) has the filename with the most alpha characters (which will probably be the most descriptive name). allow it to read the directories to process either from parameters passed in or from a file. optionally, write a long of all changes and/or all files not processed. Of all of these, #2 is the most important for me right now. I need to process some files with it and I need to improve the way it chooses which files to turn into symlinks. (I tried using things like the find option -depth without success.) Here's the current script: #!/bin/bash # clean up known problematic files first. ## find /home -type f -wholename '*Icon* ## *' -exec rm '{}' \; # Configure script environment # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ set -o nounset dir='/SOME/PATH/HERE/' # For each path which has multiple links # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ # (except ones containing newline) last_inode= while IFS= read -r path_info do #echo "DEBUG: path_info: '$path_info'" inode=${path_info%%:*} path=${path_info#*:} if [[ $last_inode != $inode ]]; then last_inode=$inode path_to_keep=$path else printf "ln -s\t'$path_to_keep'\t'$path'\n" rm "$path" ln -s "$path_to_keep" "$path" fi done < <( find "$dir" -type f -links +1 ! -wholename '* *' -printf '%i:%p\n' | sort --field-separator=: ) # Warn about any excluded files # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ buf=$( find "$dir" -type f -links +1 -path '* *' ) if [[ $buf != '' ]]; then echo 'Some files not processed because their paths contained newline(s):'$'\n'"$buf" fi exit 0

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  • echo -e acts differently when run in a script by root on ubuntu

    - by ekrub
    When running a bash script on ubuntu 9.10, I get different behavior from bash echo's "-e" option depending on whether or not I'm running as root. Consider this script: $ cat echo-test if [ "`whoami`" = "root" ]; then echo "Running as root" fi echo Testing /bin/echo -e /bin/echo -e "foo\nbar" echo Testing bash echo -e echo -e "foo\nbar" When run as non-root user, I see this output: $ ./echo-test Testing /bin/echo -e foo bar Testing bash echo -e foo bar When run as root, I see this output: $ sudo ./echo-test Running as root Testing /bin/echo -e foo bar Testing bash echo -e -e foo bar Notice the "-e" being echoed in the last case ("-e foo" instead of "foo" on the second-to-last line). When running a script as root, the echo command runs as if "-e" was given and, if -e is given, the option itself is echoed. I can understand some subtle differences in behavior between /bin/echo and bash echo, but I would expect bash echo to behave the same no matter which user invokes it. Anyone know why this is the case? Is this a bug in bash echo? FYI -- I'm running GNU bash, version 4.0.33(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)

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  • Getting Windows 7 SUA's bash shell working with emacs (EmacsW32)?

    - by landstatic
    Having recently purchased Windows 7 Ultimate in order to gain access to the SUA subsystem, I have been struggling to get SUA's bash utility (/usr/local/bin/bash) working with EmacsW32. M-x shell normally invokes a shell process and pipes stdio through an Emacs buffer and this works well with Cygwin e.g. Cygwin is very slow compared to SUA however, so I am very keen to get this facility working with the EmacsW32 + SUA combo. Any tips, experience, solutions would be appreciated.

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  • How to create a bash script to check the SSH connection?

    - by chutsu
    I am in the process of creating a bash script that would log into the remote machines and create private and public keys. My problem is that the remote machines are not very reliable, and they are not always up. I need a bash script that would check if the SSH connection is up. Before actually creating the keys for future use.

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  • How can I make this if's work in Bash ?

    - by Dragos
    In bash how can I make a construction like this to work: if (cp /folder/path /to/path) && (cp /anotherfolder/path /to/anotherpath) then echo "Succeeded" else echo "Failed" fi The if should test for the $? return code of each command and tie them with &&. How can I make this in Bash ?

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  • bash script code help to make zip/tar of several folders .

    - by Arsheep
    I am very new in bash and never coded in before but this task is stuck so need to get rid of it . I need to make bash script to make a single compressed file with several dirs. Like - /home/code/bots/ /var/config/ . . . /var/system/ and all will be compressed to single file /var/file/bkup.[zip][tar.gz] Thanks in advance

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  • Bash: easy way to put a configurable load on a system?

    - by WizardOfOdds
    In order to test how a program reacts when system resources become scarce (mainly the CPU but I'm interested in disk I/O too), I'd like to put an arbitrary load on the system. Currently I'm doing something like this: #!/bin/bash while true do echo "a" >> a.txt md5 a.txt done I could also start mp3-encoding audio files, or whatever. What would be an easy and small Bash script that could be used to simulate an arbitrary load, ideally configurable using parameter(s)?

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  • Kill child process when the parent exits

    - by kolypto
    I'm preparing a script for Docker, which allows only one top-level process, which should receive the signals so we can stop it. Therefore, I'm having a script like this: one application writes to syslog (bash script in this sample), and the other one just prints it. #! /usr/bin/env bash set -eu tail -f /var/log/syslog & exec bash -c 'while true ; do logger aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ; sleep 1 ; done' Almost solved: when the top-level process bash gets SIGTERM -- it exists, but tail -f continues to run. How do I instruct tail -f to exit when the parent process exits? E.g. it should also get the signal. Note: Can't use bash traps since exec on the last line replaces the process completely.

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  • Improving grepping over a huge file performance

    - by rogerio_marcio
    I have FILE_A which has over 300K lines and FILE_B which has over 30M lines. I created a bash script that greps each line in FILE_A over in FILE_B and writes the result of the grep to a new file. This whole process is taking over 5+ hours. I'm looking for suggestions on whether you see any way of improving the performance of my script. I'm using grep -F -m 1 as the grep command. FILE_A looks like this: 123456789 123455321 and FILE_B is like this: 123456789,123456789,730025400149993, 123455321,123455321,730025400126097, So with bash I have a while loop that picks the next line in FILE_A and greps it over in FILE_B. When the pattern is found in FILE_B i write it to result.txt. while read -r line; do grep -F -m1 $line 30MFile done < 300KFile Thanks a lot in advance for your help.

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  • How to get current gnome keyboad layout from terminal

    - by ftiaronsem
    For usage in a bash script, I need to get the gnome keyboard layout the user is currently using. For example if the user sets its keyboard layout to en-us , I need a bash command that prints me this. How can I get that information? Update: setxkbmap -query is unfortunatelly not working. Below is the ouput with the en (first command) and the de (second command) layout activated. Switching keyboard layout seems to be have some relation with gnome session configuration setxkbmap -query rules: evdev model: pc105 layout: us,de variant: , options: terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp,lv3:ralt_switch,grp:alts_toggle setxkbmap -query rules: evdev model: pc105 layout: us,de variant: , options: terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp,lv3:ralt_switch,grp:alts_toggle

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  • Setup CRON weekly backup

    - by sadmicrowave
    I want to make a backup of my /var/lib/mysql and /var/www folders and save them as tar.gz files to my mounted network file server (uslons001). Here is my bash file located in: /etc/cron.weekly/mysqlbackup.sh #!/bin/bash mkdir ~/uslons001/`date +%d%m%y` tar -czf ~/uslons001/`date +%d%m%y`/mysql.tar.gz /var/lib/mysql tar -czf ~/uslons001/`date +%d%m%y`/www.tar.gz /var/www tar -czf ~/uslons001/`date +%d%m%y`.tar.gz ~/uslons001/`date +%d%m%y` echo Backup Completed `date` >> ~/backuplog Which works PERFECTLY fine when I execute it in a cmd shell but when I setup the cron job it never runs, so I'm not setting the cron job up properly. My cron job looks like this. 30 7 * * fri /etc/cron.weekly/mysqlbackup.sh Which should execute at 7:30AM every Friday... What am I doing wrong? UPDATE1 - change the cron job line to the following: 44 8 * * 5 /etc/cron.weekly/mysqlbackup.sh with still no luck...is there a cron error log file that I can read to help pin point where the problem is?

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  • /etc/profile not being sourced

    - by Marc
    For 11.04, I did a fresh install of my system. Part of that install was to install rvm, which sticks a rvm.sh in /etc/profile.d/. This doesn't work as /etc/profile (which loads each +r in /etc/profile.d/*.sh) is not being loaded. According to the documentation, the profile is only sourced if bash is run in login. To verify this, I invoked bash --login, after which rvm was available. This has worked for me in previous versions of Ubuntu without any configuration. That is, a fresh install of 10.10 will correctly source profile/.d. My question is: is there anything I'm doing wrong, or are there some new assumptions being made in Natty that have broken this? My current workaround is to source /etc/profile in ~/.bashrc (which is awful as profile is meant to load before bashrc's, but does the trick).

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  • How can I determine whether a shellscript runs as root or not?

    - by EvilPhoenix
    This is something I've been curious about. I make a lot of small bash scripts (.sh files) to do tasks that I routinely do. Some of those tasks require everything to be ran as superuser. I've been curious: Is it possible to, within the BASH script prior to everything being run, check if the script is being run as superuser, and if not, print a message saying You must be superuser to use this script, then subsequently terminate the script itself. The other side of that is I'd like to have the script run when the user is superuser, and not generate the error. Any ideas on coding (if statements, etc.) on how to execute the aforementioned?

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  • Any way to list similar commands?

    - by Septagram
    When you write the command name wrong, bash often does this: septi@norbert:~$ good No command 'good' found, did you mean: Command 'gold' from package 'binutils' (main) Command 'gmod' from package 'gmod' (universe) Command 'goo' from package 'goo' (universe) Command 'god' from package 'god' (universe) Command 'geod' from package 'proj-bin' (universe) Command 'gord' from package 'scotch' (universe) good: command not found Or sometimes it does this: septi@norbert:~$ nftp No command 'nftp' found, but there are 23 similar ones nftp: command not found Is there any way to ask bash to show these 23 similar commands for me? And, is there a way to show similar commands, including those that aren't yet installed, instead of running the application, ftp for example?

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  • How can a script detect if the user is idle

    - by josinalvo
    I want to check, inside a bash script (*), how much time the user of a X session has been idle The user himself does not have to be using bash, but just X. If the user just moved the mouse, for example, a good answer would be "idle for 0 seconds". If he has not touched the computer in 5 minutes, a good answer would be "idle for 300 seconds" The reason to not use xautolock straight away is to be able to implement some complex behavior. For example, if the user is idle for 10 minutes, try to suspend, if he is idle for more 5 minutes, shutoff (I know it sounds odd, but suspend does not always work here ...) (*)or could be another language.

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  • Help writing server script to ban IP's from a list

    - by Chev_603
    I have a VPS that I use as an openvpn and web server. For some reason, my apache log files are filled with thousands of these hack attempts: "POST /xmlrpc.php HTTP/1.0" 404 395 These attack attempts fill up 90% of my logs. I think it's a WordPress vulnerability they're looking for. Obviously they are not successful (I don't even have Wordpress on my server), but it's annoying and probably resource consuming as well. I am trying to write a bash script that will do the following: Search the apache logs and grab the offending IP's (even if they try it once), Sort them into a list with each unique IP on a seperate line, And then block them using the IP table rules. I am a bash newb, and so far my script does everything except Step 3. I can manually block the IP's, but that's tedious and besides, this is Linux and it's perfectly capable of doing it for me. I also want the script to be customizable so that I (or anyone else who wants to use it) can change the variables to suit whatever situation I/they may deal with in the future. Here is the script so far: #!/bin/bash ##IP LIST GENERATOR ##Author Chev Young ##Script to search Apache logs and list IP's based on custom filters ## ##Define our variables: DIRECT=~/Script ##Location of script&where to put results/temp files LOGFILE=/var/log/apache2/access.log ## Logfile to search for offenders TEMPLIST=xml_temp ## Temporary file name IP_LIST=ipstoban ## Name of results file FILTER1=xmlrpc ## What are we looking for? (Requests we want to ban) cd $DIRECT if [ ! -f $TEMPLIST ];then touch $TEMPLIST ##Create temp file fi cat $LOGFILE | grep $FILTER1 >> $DIRECT/$TEMPLIST ## Only interested in the IP's, so: sed -e 's/\([0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+\).*$/\1/' -e t -e d $DIRECT/$TEMPLIST | sort | uniq > $DIRECT/$IP_LIST rm $TEMPLIST ## Clean temp file echo "Done. Results located at $DIRECT/$IP_LIST" So I need help with the next part of the script, which should ban the IP's (incoming and perhaps outgoing too) from the resulting $IP_LIST file. I don't care if it utilizes UFW or IPTables directly, as long as it bans the IP's. I'd probably run it as a cron task. What I'm having trouble with is understanding how to use line of the result file as a seperate variable to do something like: ufw deny $IP1 $IP2 $IP3, ect Any ideas? Thanks.

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  • What's the difference between set, export and env and when should I use each?

    - by Oli
    Every so often I'll bash out a bash script and it strikes me there are a few ways of setting a variable: key=value env key=value export key=value When you're inside a script or a single command (for instance, I'll often chain a variable with a Wine launcher to set the right Wine prefix) these seem to be completely interchangeable but surely that can't be the case. What's the difference between these three methods and can you give me an example of when I would specifically want to use each one? Definitely related to What is the difference between `VAR=...` and `export VAR=...`? but I want to know how env fits into this too, and some examples showing the benefits of each would be nice too :)

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  • sed problem ....

    - by moata_u
    hello there ... am facing problem in sed command , i was trying write a bash script that do the following : 1. search for the line that contain :@ , 2.then save the line that contained :@ and replace it with new line ....as following : ! /bin/bash echo "Please enter the ip address of you file" read ipnumber find=grep ':@' application.properties # find the line input="connection.url=jdbc\racle\:thin\:@$ipnumber\:1521\:billz" # preparing new line echo sed "s/'${find}'/'${input}'/g" application.properties # replace old with new line **Problem is nothing happen !!!! * I already tried to use "${find}" instead of '${find}'

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  • can't control pianobar after using echo

    - by Ubuntuusr22222
    I have a script that starts pianobar (pandora player) and autoloads into tty2 after booting. I'm running Ubuntu Precise 12.04. it's a pretty simple script: #!bin/bash sleep 5 echo "2" | pianobar This works, it selects station 2 and begins playing... but when I try to type in commands it doesn't work (like pushing "p" for pause.) It'll show the letter for a second, then hide it. If I try to exit with ctrl+z it just sits there and I can't use it at all. If I run this it works fine but doesn't auto-select the second station: #!bin/bash sleep 5 pianobar Is there anyway to write this so it will automatically input "2" and then allow me to control from there? Or am I stuck with having to select 2 every time I boot up?

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