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  • My system administrator set up 2 databases that sync. Master-Master. However, these two databases a

    - by Alex
    DB1 and DB2. I made changes to DB1, and it does not seem to be on DB2. When I do "SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G" on DB2, there seems to be an error: mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: Master_User: Master_Port: Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.0005496 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 5445649315 Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.0041705 Relay_Log_Pos: 1624302119 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.0004461 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 1062 Last_Error: Error 'Duplicate entry '4779' for key 1' on query. Default database: 'falc'. Query: 'INSERT INTO `log` (`anon_id`, `created_at`, `query`, `episode_url`, `detail_id`, `ip`) VALUES ('fdzn1d45kMavF4qbyePv', '2009-11-19 04:19:13', 'amazon', '', '', '130.126.40.57')' Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 162301982 Relay_Log_Space: 136505187184 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL 1 row in set (0.00 sec) Then, I did show tables, and it seems like DB2 is lacking a table that I created on DB1...that means that for some reason, DB2 stopped syncing with DB1. How can I simply allow them to be in full synchronization again? All I want is DB2 to be exactly the same as DB1!

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  • Openldap startup problems after upgrade

    - by Craig Efrein
    I am trying to syncrhonize a ldap slave and master server. The master server is using openldap 2.3.43-12 and the slave server is using openldap 2.4.23. I copied over the files in /var/lib/ldap, started the server and got this error: Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb(dc=myserver,dc=fr): Program version 4.7 doesn't match environment version 4.4 Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_open: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr" cannot be opened, err -30971. Restore from backup! Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb(dc=myserver,dc=fr): txn_checkpoint interface requires an environment configured for the transaction subsystem Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_close: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr": txn_checkpoint failed: Invalid argument (22). Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: backend_startup_one (type=bdb, suffix="dc=myserver,dc=fr"): bi_db_open failed! (-30971) Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_close: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr": alock_close failed I have used the db_upgrade command to upgrade the database files on the new slave server, but I still get the same error when starting slapd. The master server is Centos 5.5 32bit & openldap 2.3.43-12 The slave server is Centos 6.3 64 bit & openldap 2.4.23 Everything was installed using yum. What is the proper method to synchronize database files from an ldap master server and slave server when the slave server is more recent then the master? I have followed the suggestion from 84104, but I am getting an error on the slave Here is the error on the slave: Oct 23 18:28:30 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[1415]: slap_client_connect: URI=ldaps://ldap0.lan.myserver.com:636 DN="cn=syncuser,dc=myserver,dc=fr" ldap_sasl_bind_s failed (-1) Oct 23 18:28:30 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[1415]: do_syncrepl: rid=003 rc -1 retrying Here is the error on the master: Oct 23 18:29:30 ldap0 slapd[15265]: conn=201 fd=35 ACCEPT from IP=192.168.150.100:47690 (IP=0.0.0.0:636) Oct 23 18:29:30 ldap0 slapd[15265]: conn=201 fd=35 closed (TLS negotiation failure) I can do an ldap search on the master just fine with the user configured for synchronization from the new slave server. ldapsearch -LLL -x -H ldaps://192.168.150.99:636 -x -W -b dc=myserver,dc=fr-D"cn=syncuser,dc=myserver,dc=fr"

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  • Time sync fails on Hyper-V VM, but succeeds when I log in as a domain user

    - by Richard Beier
    We have a Windows Server 2003 SP2 VM running on Hyper-V (Server 2008 R2 host). The VM has Hyper-V time synchronization enabled. I noticed that the time on the VM was fast by around 25 minutes. I saw the following in the event log: The time provider NtpClient is configured to acquire time from one or more time sources, however none of the sources are currently accessible. No attempt to contact a source will be made for 15 minutes. NtpClient has no source of accurate time. The time provider NtpClient cannot reach or is currently receiving invalid time data from ourdc.ourdomain.local (ntp.d|192.168.2.18:123-192.168.2.2:123). Time Provider NtpClient: No valid response has been received from domain controller ourdc.ourdomain.local after 8 attempts to contact it. This domain controller will be discarded as a time source and NtpClient will attempt to discover a new domain controller from which to synchronize. I had been logged in as a local user. (We have an old app that runs on this VM - it requires a user to be logged in at all times, and we use a non-domain user account for this.) When I logged in as a domain user, the clock almost immediately corrected itself. Running "w32tm /monitor" and "net time" as the domain user showed no errors, and indicated that our domain controller was the time source. Does anyone know what might cause this, and why logging in under a domain account fixes the problem? I'm wondering if the time will start to drift again. Thanks for your help, Richard

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  • Solution to easily share large files with non-tech-savvy users?

    - by Tim
    Hey all, We've got a server setup at work which we'd like to use to exchange large files with known clients easily. We're looking into software to facilitate this, but somewhow typing "large file hosting" into Google gives questionable results.. ;) We've come up with the following requirements, and I hope any of you can points us in the direction of a solution that offers this functionality, or is malleable to our needs. Synchronization / revision management is of no concern, it's mostly single large (up to 1+ GB) file uploads & downloads we'll need. We'd like to make the downloads expire & be removed after a certain number of days / downloads, to limit the amount of cleanup we'd have to do. The data files exchanged sometimes hold confidential information, so the URLs generated should be random and not publicly visible. Our users are of the less technically savvy variety, so a simple webform would be best over a desktop client (because we also have to support a mix of operating systems). As for use of the system we'd either like to send out generated random URLs for them to upload their files, or have an easy way manage & expire users. Works on a linux (Ubuntu) server (so nothing .Net-related please) Does anyone know of software that fits the above criteria? We've already seen a few instances of this within the scientific community, but nothing we could use directly.. Best regards, Tim

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  • Solution to easily share large files with non-tech-savvy users?

    - by Tim
    Hey all, We've got a server setup at work which we'd like to use to exchange large files with known clients easily. We're looking into software to facilitate this, but somewhow typing "large file hosting" into Google gives questionable results.. ;) We've come up with the following requirements, and I hope any of you can points us in the direction of a solution that offers this functionality, or is malleable to our needs. Synchronization / revision management is of no concern, it's mostly single large (up to 1+ GB) file uploads & downloads we'll need. We'd like to make the downloads expire & be removed after a certain number of days / downloads, to limit the amount of cleanup we'd have to do. The data files exchanged sometimes hold confidential information, so the URLs generated should be random and not publicly visible. Our users are of the less technically savvy variety, so a simple webform would be best over a desktop client (because we also have to support a mix of operating systems). As for use of the system we'd either like to send out generated random URLs for them to upload their files, or have an easy way manage & expire users. Works on a linux (Ubuntu) server (so nothing .Net-related please) Does anyone know of software that fits the above criteria? We've already seen a few instances of this within the scientific community, but nothing we could use directly.. Best regards, Tim

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  • Drupal on an NFS share has terrible performance

    - by Marcus
    We have a setup where a Drupal 7 site with the following setup - a VMware ESXi 4.1 host server running a web vm and an NFS VM. The web VM is using Apache and mod_php. The site is still in development thus we have to turn off all forms of caching due to the frequently-updated files. Each page request takes around 15-20 seconds to complete. Profiling the PHP code shows that the vast majority of time (normally over 90%) is taking by all the is_dir(), is_file() function calls that load up the modules. I've increased PHP's realpath cache size to several megs and an strace shows that the lstat calls then drop from over 200 to around 6 and stat() decreases a bit (around 600 calls). However, while this has shaved off quite a bit of time, I am simply unable to break past the 10 second per request barrier. Is there a way to get better performance out of this setup that doesn't involve caching? Configs and stats: VMs: web - Centos 6 64bt, 2.5GB RAM, normal CPU/HD prioritisation nfs - Centos 6 64bt, 2GB RAM, normal CPU priority, high HD priority PHP: 32M realpath cache size (it's this high for testing purposes) NFS: ~]# egrep -v '#|^$' /etc/nfsmount.conf [ NFSMount_Global_Options ] Defaultvers=4 Ac=False Rsize=32k Wsize=32k Bsize=32k Reading speeds via NFS are not an issue a dd of a 100M test file using 32k blocks returns: 3200+0 records in 3200+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB) copied, 1.84984 s, 56.7 MB/s real 0m1.857s user 0m0.007s sys 0m0.330s Strace on Apache process with empty realpath cache: % time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 50.78 1.157452 337 3434 28 stat 32.58 0.742656 628 1182 425 open 9.29 0.211788 762 278 1 lstat 3.17 0.072322 0 237865 write 2.45 0.055839 490 114 13 access 0.45 0.010262 43 237 brk 0.34 0.007725 10 811 74 read 0.28 0.006340 9 679 fstat 0.22 0.005069 18 281 poll 0.20 0.004533 6 698 getdents 0.09 0.001960 10 190 mmap 0.05 0.001065 14 74 accept4 0.04 0.001000 333 3 chdir 0.03 0.000750 4 190 munmap 0.01 0.000339 0 836 close 0.01 0.000247 3 75 writev 0.00 0.000068 0 611 fcntl 0.00 0.000063 1 77 shutdown 0.00 0.000000 0 1 lseek 0.00 0.000000 0 5 rt_sigaction 0.00 0.000000 0 1 rt_sigprocmask 0.00 0.000000 0 3 setitimer 0.00 0.000000 0 5 socket 0.00 0.000000 0 5 5 connect 0.00 0.000000 0 74 getsockname 0.00 0.000000 0 15 setsockopt 0.00 0.000000 0 5 getcwd 0.00 0.000000 0 1 futex ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- Strace after realpaths are cached % time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- 60.14 1.371006 484 2831 28 stat 31.79 0.724705 627 1155 425 open 3.53 0.080354 0 237865 write 2.65 0.060433 530 114 13 access 0.43 0.009913 99 100 brk 0.38 0.008730 11 804 74 read 0.35 0.007910 12 675 fstat 0.30 0.006775 10 654 getdents 0.13 0.003065 11 281 poll 0.09 0.002000 333 6 1 lstat 0.07 0.001545 2 807 close 0.05 0.001063 14 74 accept4 0.04 0.001000 6 179 mmap 0.02 0.000404 2 179 munmap 0.01 0.000271 4 75 writev 0.01 0.000212 0 611 fcntl 0.01 0.000129 2 77 shutdown 0.00 0.000022 0 74 getsockname 0.00 0.000000 0 1 lseek 0.00 0.000000 0 5 rt_sigaction 0.00 0.000000 0 1 rt_sigprocmask 0.00 0.000000 0 3 setitimer 0.00 0.000000 0 3 socket 0.00 0.000000 0 3 3 connect 0.00 0.000000 0 15 setsockopt 0.00 0.000000 0 5 getcwd 0.00 0.000000 0 3 chdir ------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ---------------- Mount: nfs.xxx.xxx.xxx:/path/to/website/files on /path/to/website/files type nfs (rw,hard,intr,noac,vers=4,addr=xx.xx.xx.xx,clientaddr=xx.xx.xx.xx) Any help is, naturally, appreciated.

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  • Sync desktop Mac environment to laptop

    - by Andrew Vit
    I spend the majority of my time working at my desktop Mac, which I have configured for my web development environment. My spouse has a MacBook for casual use, and I occasionally steal it back when I need to work off-site, or when travelling. The question is how to best synchronize the two so I can switch between them more readily. I've solved a few obvious things by using online services: Email is hosted on IMAP. Working files are in Dropbox. Source code is managed in git. However, the following are things I always miss when jumping on the laptop: Installed Applications (current versions) Installed libraries & utilities (/usr/local) Apache VirtualHosts & other configurations (/etc) Disk image files for VMs My current method is to connect the MacBook via Firewire target mode and rsync the /Users/me home directory, and then cherry-pick the other items I need from Applications, /etc and /usr/local. The problem with this method is that it can be very time consuming due to things like my virtual machine image files, cached emails, etc. How can I make this faster & easier? Can you recommend a solution for configuration management (so I can repeatably install & configure the same software on both), or synchronization (so I can bring the MacBook up to date nightly, over our home network)?

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  • Start a software company offshore

    - by Mascarpone
    Hello Everybody, I own a small, very young, EU based (Italy) company, and among other things, we sell IT solutions. I have a degree in applied mathematics, and I mainly deal with user interfaces, embedded systems, automation and web applications. You can say that I'm an enlightened entrepreneur because I work only with open source software (OS, IDE, I release under BSD , ... everything is free as in freedom), I give high importance to post sales services and customer satisfaction, plus I think I'm the best boss someone could desire (LOL), as I have google in mind when I think about IT workers rights. But the most beautiful thing is that, although everybody advised us not to use open source, is that we are quite profitable!!! (for the sixth trimester in a row). Now I offshore most of the work to an Indian company. I divide the work in modules and I outsource the longer or more trivial ones. I spend a lot of time defining the specifications and I leave the hard work to them. Using productivity bonuses, a lot of prototypes and third-party audits I think that my software has reached a very good quality level. I would like to start my own software development company, in order to improve control over process and cut costs. Obviously I can't afford the cost of labor in the EU, so I thought about opening a company in Asia. What I need Is: 1) Cheap labor - I can afford to give productivity bonuses and higher than average wages and stay profitable just because labor is cheap. 2) Many talents - I need a good level of tertiary education, and a good number of graduates, so I can hire junior developers and train and teach them according to my needs and philosophies (e.g.: open source mind) 3) Good infrastructure - buildings, transport, internet, .... everything that a company might need. I thought about 3 possible candidates: 1) India - I already work with indian people, I know that they are realiable and speak a good english. Big cities are too expensive, but maybe a small city like lucknow http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow could suits my needs. 2) China - They say it's cheaper than India, but I everytime I worked with a chineese company the language was a big barrier. They work hard, are somewhat skilled and cheap but maybe it's a risky path. Plus I feel a little uncofortable with their lack of human rights. 3) Philippines - Same as china: cheaper than india, but maybe less educated. Where do you think it's the best place to start a software company? Any reading or book to advise? thank you very much

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  • Moving from VPS to Cloud

    - by GRIGORE-TURBODISEL
    ...and I have a few questions. I'm basically working on a MySQL+PHP based webapp. Since I don't have on-demand scaling with VPS, I'm planning to move from VPS to Cloud when I hit the 1000 subscribers barrier. I'm looking at Windows Azure but I'm ok with other suggestions. So here are my questions: Will it really cost me a kidney? Every subscriber needs to download around 4-5MB of static resources each day. Bandwidth is free on the VPS but here I see costs can easily get to $800.00/mo; this makes me very insecure about the whole thing, I mean VPS is just $2,000/yr. Do I need another VM or is PHP included in the Web Sites? I have basic sysadmin skills, I think I can handle setting up a PHP install, but will I have to do this? If yes, what other service do I need to setup manually? What about Memcached, MySQL, etc? What security protections does it include? For example I have some basic protection included, like directory traversals and executable files upload; I also have CloudFlare on my other websites for DDoS protection; will I need to do the same thing here too, can it even be installed, can I edit my DNS records, etc? How are e-mails, subdomains, add-on domains, parked domains, etc. handled? I haven't seen any references to e-mail boxes. On the VPS I simply add them from cPanel ([email protected] / whatever.mysite.com / ...); do I have a similar management interface here? Do I get SSH access? Or at least FTP, remote MySQL access and maybe some incremental back-ups or something? Can I see my quotas and advanced traffic info? I must mention that I really like the idea of the whole "cloud" concept, the added reliability and everything but I really need maybe a parallel to regular hosting or something so I know what to expect.

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  • Remote mouse pointer not visible in VNC

    - by aef
    I used VNC desktops as a kind of collaboration server, as shared planning and pair programming environment for a long time. Now my latest iteration uses a KVM guest running Fedora 17 "Beefy Miracle", the Cinnamon desktop environment and an X11VNC server. The X11VNC server is automatically started with the desktop environment using the following command: x11vnc -localhost -many -shared -display :0 -bg My problem is that depending on the VNC client, the mouse pointer of the remote system which is shown through VNC is not synchronized to my client. I really need this, so I can see what my partner is doing on the desktop. When using Vinagre 3.2.1 on Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot (11.10) or Vinagre 2.3.0.3 on Debian Squeeze (6.0) and I don't have my local mouse pointer inside the VNC view, I cannot see the mouse pointer of my remote system, nor its movement. When using TightVNC on Windows 7, I can recognize a mouse pointer trace for very short amounts of time after moving the mouse, but it is not clearly visible. Using UltraVNC on Windows 7 the mouse pointer is clearly visible all the time. With Gnome 2 I never had any problems with remote pointer synchronization, using exactly the same clients. I suspect this could have something to do with Cinnamon's dependency on 3D acceleration. On the other hand, it doesn't change anything to start Cinnamon's fallback environment Cinnamon 2D. Update: Same effect when I use Gnome 3.

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  • When should NTPd broadcast/broadcastclient be used instead of client/server or peer modes?

    - by Luke404
    The NTP deamon if often used in its simplest mode, which is client/server: you specify one or more server directives in your ntp.conf and your clients will use those servers. In addition to that, when you run your own NTP servers, it is good practice to peer them together, so if one of them looses connectivity to its upstream servers, it will get time from its peers. But NTPd can also work with broadcast and/or multicast distribution of time data, with the documentation stating: broadcast and multicast modes are intended for configurations involving one or a few servers and a possibly very large client population The documentation also says elsewhere: It is possible and frequently useful to configure a host as both broadcast client and broadcast server. A number of hosts configured this way and sharing a common broadcast address will automatically organize themselves in an optimum configuration based on stratum and synchronization distance. I can see one obvious administrative benefit: you don't have to manually specify and update your list of NTP servers in the clients ntp.conf, so to me it looks tempting to use broadcast mode even for a small client population (say 5+ clients with 3~4 servers). I expect network traffic to be a little higher with broadcasts instead of client/server associations, but given the usual gigabit ethernet LAN the impact should be negligible unless you have a very very large number of hosts in the same broadcast domain. At the end of the day, when should broadcast mode be used or avoided? Are there pros and cons I haven't seen?

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  • SQL 2008 R2 replication error: The process could not connect to Distributor

    - by Lance Lefebure
    I have two servers running SQL 2008 R2 Standard, each with an instance named "MAIN". I have a small test database on my primary server (one table, 13 rows) that I want to replicate to a second server as a proof-of-concept for some larger databases that I want to replicate. I set up the primary server to be a publisher and distributor, and set the database to do transactional replication. I copied the data to the second server via a backup/restore, not via a snapshot (which I'll have to do with the larger databases due to database size and limited bandwidth). I followed the instructions here: http://gnawgnu.blogspot.com/2009/11/sql-2008-transactional-replication-and.html Now on the subscriber, I go under Replication / Local Subscriptions / Right click / Properties on my subscription to the DB. The status of the last synchronization shows a status of: "The process could not connect to Distributor 'PRIMARYSERVER\MAIN'." Data IS replicating from the primary to the secondary. Any record I add on the primary shows up on the secondary server within seconds. Is the Distributor part of the Snapshot system that I'm not using, or is it part of the transaction replication stuff? Thanks, Lance

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  • Synchronize folders on different computers without cloud and without network just internet

    - by theimmortalbg
    I have two computers with windows 7, one in my home town and one in another town. So they are not in private network but I have internet on both. They have exactly the same file structure. I am searching for program that can keep the data equal. I know about dropbox or google drive but they are cloud and I don't want to use them. Also they are using folder that you should copy your data in it. There is another programs that are like a server, just put something and after that you can download it but I dont need them. I want just to point which folders to be synchronized and the program make the synchronization. The sync can be in real time if the two computers are powered, or after few time when they are powered. Or it can lock another computer synced folder till update is required. At all this is my documents that I want to be synced in all my computers and to be changed from where I want. In fact I can move the updates with flash but if some program save the changes and make them on another computer with one click it will facilitate my work.

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  • Synchronize two directories on linux pc

    - by Gab
    I need a distributed filesystem (or a synchronization tool) that is capable of keeping a directory synchronized across 4 pc. My requirements are: offline access (data must be available offline on each pc) preserve execution rights: some files are marked executable on a linux partition. This flag should be replicated. efficient sync strategy: some of my files are 20GB, they are changed quite often, but in very little parts (Virtualbox images). Delta transmissions are welcome. efficient handling of space: no history for files, files shouldn't be copied to temp directories "just in case you break it". it must propagate deletions of files modification can happen in any of the 4 pcs, they should be propagated when other pc are connected. Other specs of my solution are: Sync is over a lan, the total amount of data to be synced is around 180GB, in some ten thousand files. Changes are small, but can happen in big files. At the moment i'm interested in a linux only solution. conflicts either don't happen or are solved with "last one wins" I haven't found any good solution. I've been trying: unison: it is the only one working at the moment, but during the hashing phase it hangs my pc for some minute, disk light steady on. Sparkleshare doesn't handle large files nicely. It keeps an history of all your changes that grows up indefinitely. They promise it will be fixed in next releases, but at the moment it still doesn't fit my needs. owncloud (keeps history of each file i change) coda ? (help! i couldn't set it up correctly!) git-annex assistant transforms all your files in symlinks and mark the original file as read only ("just in case you make a mistake while you modify it"!). Before you edit a file you have to issue a special command "git-annex unlock", that creates a local copy of the file, and you have to remember to lock it again if you want it synchronized. What to try next?

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  • Copying files between linux machines with strong authentication but without encryption

    - by Zizzencs
    I'm looking for a suitable program to copy files from one linux machine to another one. The program should be able to do authentication but it should not do encryption. The reason behind the latter is the lack of CPU power to do the encryption. I copy backups from ~70 machines to a single backup server simultaneously. The single server is an HP Proliant DL360 G7, with 10 Gbps ethernet connection and an FC storage backend that can do 4 Gbps. Through FTP I can write ~400MB/sec to the storage (that's about what I want) but through ssh with arcfour I can only do ~100MB/sec while having 100% CPU usage. That's why I want file transfers not to be encrypted. The alternatives that I found not really suitable: rcp: no authentication, forget it FTP: making the authentication "secure" (at least preventing plain-text password exchange) is possible but not really easy and I haven't found a method to force any FTP daemon to encrypt the control channel (for the authentication) and not to encrypt the data channel (for data transfers) SCP/SFTP: in farely recent ssh(d) implementations you can't turn off encryption. The best you can do is to use the arcfour cypher for the encryption but it sill uses too much CPU power for my needs. rsync over ssh: same problems as with SCP/SFTP. plain rsync: from the documentation of rsyncd: "The authentication protocol used in rsync is a 128 bit MD4 based challenge response system. This is fairly weak protection, though (with at least one brute-force hash-finding algorithm publicly available), so if you want really top-quality security, then I recommend that you run rsync over ssh." It's a no-go. Is there a protocol/program that can do exactly what I want? (A big plus would be if it could work on windows as well and/or if it would support rsync-stlye copying/synchronization (e.g. copy only the differences).)

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  • How can I automatically synchronize a directory tree on multiple machines?

    - by Blacklight Shining
    I have two Mac laptops and a Debian server, each with a directory that I would like to keep in sync between the three. The solution should meet the following criteria (in rough order of importance): It must not use any third-party service (e.g. Dropbox, SugarSync, Google whatever). This does not include installing additional software (as long as it's free). It must not require me to use specific directories or change my way of storing things. (Dropbox does this IIRC) It must work in all directions (changes made on /any/ machine should be pushed to the others) All data sent must be encrypted (I have ssh keypairs set up already) It must work even when not all machines are available (changes should be pushed to a machine when it comes back online) It must work even when the /directories/ on some machines are not available (they may be stored on disk images which will not always be mounted) This can be solved for Macs by using launchd to automatically launch and kill (or in some way change the behavior of) whatever daemon is used for syncing when the images are mounted and unmounted. It must be immediate (using an event-based system, not a periodic one like cron) It must be flexible (if more machines are added, I should be able to incorporate them easily) I also have some preferences that I would like to be fulfilled, but do not have to be: It should notify me somehow if there are conflicts or other errors. It should recognize symbolic and hard links and create corresponding ones. It should allow me to create a list of exceptions (subdirectories which will not be synced at all). It should not require me to set up port forwarding or otherwise reconfigure a network. This can be solved by using an ssh tunnel with reverse port forwarding. If you have a solution that meets some, but not all of the criteria, please contribute it in the comments as it might be useful in some way, and it might be possible to meet some of the criteria separately. What I tried, and why it didn't work: rsync and lsyncd do not support bidirectional synchronization csync2 is designed for server clusters and does not appear to work with machines with dynamic IPs DRBD (suggested by amotzg) involves installing a kernel module and does not appear to work on systems running OS X

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  • Managed LAMP platform for maximizing availability and global reach, not scalability

    - by user66819
    Assume a Linux/Apache/MySQL/PHP application for a small base of registered users. With small userbase, there are no traffic peaks so the scalability that cloud platforms offer is not imperative. But the system is mission-critical, so availability is the primary goal. Users are also distributed across Asia, Europe, and US, so multiple server locations that minimize users' network hops would be highly desirable. The dream: a managed VPS platform where we would configure a single server (uploading PHP and other files, manipulating database, etc.), and the platform would automatically mirror the server in a handful of key places around the world (say one on each US coast, one in Europe, one in east Asia). File system synchronization and MySQL replication would happen automatically. Core operating system is managed, so we don't need to do full system administration and security, and low-level backups are also done by service provider, though we also do our own backups as well. Couple this with some sort of DNS geo-detection, so users are routed to the nearest operational server... with support for https, of course. Does such a dream exist? If not, what are some approaches to accomplish the same end with minimal time investment and minimal monthly hosting costs?

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  • How to prevent dual booted OSes from damaging each other?

    - by user1252434
    For better compatibility and performance in games I'm thinking about installing Windows additionally to Linux. I have security concerns about this, though. Note: "Windows" in the remaining text includes not only the OS but also any software running on it. Regardless of whether it comes included or is additionally installed, whether it is started intentionally or unintentionally (virus, malware). Is there an easy way to achieve the following requirements: Windows MUST NOT be able to kill my linux partition or my data disk neither single files (virus infection) nor overwriting the whole disk Windows MUST NOT be able to read data disk (- extra protection against spyware) Linux may or may not have access to the windows partition both Linux and Windows should have full access to the graphics card this rules out desktop VM solutions for gaming I want the manufacturer's windows graphics card driver Regarding Windows to be unable to destroy my linux install: this is not just the usual paranoia, that has happened to me in the past. So I don't accept "no ext4 driver" as an argument. Once bitten, twice shy. And even if destruction targeted at specific (linux) files is nearly impossible, there should be no way to shred the whole partition. I may accept the risk of malware breaking out of a barrier (e.g. VM) around the whole windows box, though. Currently I have a system disk (SSD) and a data disk (HDD), both SATA. I expect I have to add another disk. If i don't: even better. My CPU is a Intel Core i5, with VT-x and VT-d available, though untested. Ideas I've had so far: deactivate or hide other HDs until reboot at low level possible? can the boot loader (grub) do this for me? tiny VM layer: load windows in a VM that provides access to almost all hardware, except the HDs any ready made software solution for this? Preferably free. as I said: the main problem seems to be to provide full access to the graphics card hardware switch to cut power to disks commercial products expensive and lots of warnings against cheap home built solutions preferably all three hard disks with one switch (one push) mobile racks - won't wear of daily swapping be a problem?

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  • How to auto syncronize files with network drive on Windows XP?

    - by stephenmm
    Windows XP: I would like to auto synchronize files between a a local drive and a network drive. I am aware of Windows Briefcase but it is very slow and I have to tell it to synchronize. I really like the way Dropbox does there synchronization as it is almost instantaneous. It is very impressive. I would just use Dropbox but I cannot install it on the remote machine. Is there some tool or script I can create that will watch a particular folder for any changes and then sync those changes to the networked drive automatically and nearly instantaneously? CLARIFICATION: I would like this tool/script to to be a daemon that starts when windows starts and continually monitors a folder for any changes to its contents. Once it observes changes in the source or the destination it synchronizes the files that changed (Very similar to the way Dropbox works). I have a good idea about how I would do this in a Perl script and if a tool does not exist that does this I will write it myself in Perl. If someone has already done this can they share the script?

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  • Distributing Microsoft Office Template or Macro over the network

    - by zfranciscus
    We have around 400 users who use Word and we want to make their life easier by distributing templates and macros over the network. The easiest way to do this of course to setup a shared network folder and let them get the appropriate templates and macros. Of course, each user has to know where to copy these files to in their local PC, and we have to rely on constant email communication to let them know for newer version of the macro and templates. The next alternative is to ask them to configure Word to point to these network folder. But of course any disruption to the network means disruption to their work. We are thinking to setup a synchronization mechanism that downloads new templates to their local machine. We are also thinking to make this sync tool to prompt users that it will download new templates - you know just to give them visibility that they are receiving changes. We are wondering what is the best approach that people usually use in their workplaces ? Are there any specific tool that can make this task easier ?

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  • Looking for a smart sync tool that exactly copies the structure of the source to that of the destination

    - by ????????
    I am a Windows 7 user and looking for a sync tool that exactly copies the structure of the source to that of the destination. The scenario is as follows: I have a laptop in which I save my daily projects. I always bring this laptop wherever I go to work, either at my school or at my house. At school I have a room in which I put an external hard drive to backup my laptop data. Upon arriving at school I always sync the external data with my laptop. Before leaving the school, I also do the synchronization if I make some modification in my laptop data. I do the same thing when I arrive and leave my house. Every month I reformat my laptop because of some trial softwares. I am using SyncToy 2.1 to sync the external drives with my laptop. The problem is as follows. Before formatting my laptop, I sync all external drives with my laptop. For example, My laptop structure: c:\data\file1.ext c:\data\folder1\file2.ext Both external drive structure: d:\data\file1.ext d:\data\folder1\file2.ext After reformatting my laptop, I move the file1.ext to folder1. So my laptop structure becomes, c:\data\folder1\file1.ext c:\data\folder1\file2.ext If I sync external drives with my laptop, I get d:\data\file1.ext d:\data\folder1\file1.ext d:\data\folder1\file2.ext I want the tool also remove d:\data\file1.ext. How to do this?

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  • Form, function and complexity in rule processing

    - by Charles Young
    Tim Bass posted on ‘Orwellian Event Processing’. I was involved in a heated exchange in the comments, and he has more recently published a post entitled ‘Disadvantages of Rule-Based Systems (Part 1)’. Whatever the rights and wrongs of our exchange, it clearly failed to generate any agreement or understanding of our different positions. I don't particularly want to promote further argument of that kind, but I do want to take the opportunity of offering a different perspective on rule-processing and an explanation of my comments. For me, the ‘red rag’ lay in Tim’s claim that “...rules alone are highly inefficient for most classes of (not simple) problems” and a later paragraph that appears to equate the simplicity of form (‘IF-THEN-ELSE’) with simplicity of function.   It is not the first time Tim has expressed these views and not the first time I have responded to his assertions.   Indeed, Tim has a long history of commenting on the subject of complex event processing (CEP) and, less often, rule processing in ‘robust’ terms, often asserting that very many other people’s opinions on this subject are mistaken.   In turn, I am of the opinion that, certainly in terms of rule processing, which is an area in which I have a specific interest and knowledge, he is often mistaken. There is no simple answer to the fundamental question ‘what is a rule?’ We use the word in a very fluid fashion in English. Likewise, the term ‘rule processing’, as used widely in IT, is equally difficult to define simplistically. The best way to envisage the term is as a ‘centre of gravity’ within a wider domain. That domain contains many other ‘centres of gravity’, including CEP, statistical analytics, neural networks, natural language processing and so much more. Whole communities tend to gravitate towards and build themselves around some of these centres. The term 'rule processing' is associated with many different technology types, various software products, different architectural patterns, the functional capability of many applications and services, etc. There is considerable variation amongst these different technologies, techniques and products. Very broadly, a common theme is their ability to manage certain types of processing and problem solving through declarative, or semi-declarative, statements of propositional logic bound to action-based consequences. It is generally important to be able to decouple these statements from other parts of an overall system or architecture so that they can be managed and deployed independently.  As a centre of gravity, ‘rule processing’ is no island. It exists in the context of a domain of discourse that is, itself, highly interconnected and continuous.   Rule processing does not, for example, exist in splendid isolation to natural language processing.   On the contrary, an on-going theme of rule processing is to find better ways to express rules in natural language and map these to executable forms.   Rule processing does not exist in splendid isolation to CEP.   On the contrary, an event processing agent can reasonably be considered as a rule engine (a theme in ‘Power of Events’ by David Luckham).   Rule processing does not live in splendid isolation to statistical approaches such as Bayesian analytics. On the contrary, rule processing and statistical analytics are highly synergistic.   Rule processing does not even live in splendid isolation to neural networks. For example, significant research has centred on finding ways to translate trained nets into explicit rule sets in order to support forms of validation and facilitate insight into the knowledge stored in those nets. What about simplicity of form?   Many rule processing technologies do indeed use a very simple form (‘If...Then’, ‘When...Do’, etc.)   However, it is a fundamental mistake to equate simplicity of form with simplicity of function.   It is absolutely mistaken to suggest that simplicity of form is a barrier to the efficient handling of complexity.   There are countless real-world examples which serve to disprove that notion.   Indeed, simplicity of form is often the key to handling complexity. Does rule processing offer a ‘one size fits all’. No, of course not.   No serious commentator suggests it does.   Does the design and management of large knowledge bases, expressed as rules, become difficult?   Yes, it can do, but that is true of any large knowledge base, regardless of the form in which knowledge is expressed.   The measure of complexity is not a function of rule set size or rule form.  It tends to be correlated more strongly with the size of the ‘problem space’ (‘search space’) which is something quite different.   Analysis of the problem space and the algorithms we use to search through that space are, of course, the very things we use to derive objective measures of the complexity of a given problem. This is basic computer science and common practice. Sailing a Dreadnaught through the sea of information technology and lobbing shells at some of the islands we encounter along the way does no one any good.   Building bridges and causeways between islands so that the inhabitants can collaborate in open discourse offers hope of real progress.

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  • An MCM exam, Rob? Really?

    - by Rob Farley
    I took the SQL 2008 MCM Knowledge exam while in Seattle for the PASS Summit ten days ago. I wasn’t planning to do it, but I got persuaded to try. I was meaning to write this post to explain myself before the result came out, but it seems I didn’t get typing quickly enough. Those of you who know me will know I’m a big fan of certification, to a point. I’ve been involved with Microsoft Learning to help create exams. I’ve kept my certifications current since I first took an exam back in 1998, sitting many in beta, across quite a variety of topics. I’ve probably become quite good at them – I know I’ve definitely passed some that I really should’ve failed. I’ve also written that I don’t think exams are worth studying for. (That’s probably not entirely true, but it depends on your motivation. If you’re doing learning, I would encourage you to focus on what you need to know to do your job better. That will help you pass an exam – but the two skills are very different. I can coach someone on how to pass an exam, but that’s a different kind of teaching when compared to coaching someone about how to do a job. For example, the real world includes a lot of “it depends”, where you develop a feel for what the influencing factors might be. In an exam, its better to be able to know some of the “Don’t use this technology if XYZ is true” concepts better.) As for the Microsoft Certified Master certification… I’m not opposed to the idea of having the MCM (or in the future, MCSM) cert. But the barrier to entry feels quite high for me. When it was first introduced, the nearest testing centres to me were in Kuala Lumpur and Manila. Now there’s one in Perth, but that’s still a big effort. I know there are options in the US – such as one about an hour’s drive away from downtown Seattle, but it all just seems too hard. Plus, these exams are more expensive, and all up – I wasn’t sure I wanted to try them, particularly with the fact that I don’t like to study. I used to study for exams. It would drive my wife crazy. I’d have some exam scheduled for some time in the future (like the time I had two booked for two consecutive days at TechEd Australia 2005), and I’d make sure I was ready. Every waking moment would be spent pouring over exam material, and it wasn’t healthy. I got shaken out of that, though, when I ended up taking four exams in those two days in 2005 and passed them all. I also worked out that if I had a Second Shot available, then failing wasn’t a bad thing at all. Even without Second Shot, I’m much more okay about failing. But even just trying an MCM exam is a big effort. I wouldn’t want to fail one of them. Plus there’s the illusion to maintain. People have told me for a long time that I should just take the MCM exams – that I’d pass no problem. I’ve never been so sure. It was almost becoming a pride-point. Perhaps I should fail just to demonstrate that I can fail these things. Anyway – boB Taylor (@sqlboBT) persuaded me to try the SQL 2008 MCM Knowledge exam at the PASS Summit. They set up a testing centre in one of the room there, so it wasn’t out of my way at all. I had to squeeze it in between other commitments, and I certainly didn’t have time to even see what was on the syllabus, let alone study. In fact, I was so exhausted from the week that I fell asleep at least once (just for a moment though) during the actual exam. Perhaps the questions need more jokes, I’m not sure. I knew if I failed, then I might disappoint some people, but that I wouldn’t’ve spent a great deal of effort in trying to pass. On the other hand, if I did pass I’d then be under pressure to investigate the MCM Lab exam, which can be taken remotely (therefore, a much smaller amount of effort to make happen). In some ways, passing could end up just putting a bunch more pressure on me. Oh, and I did.

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  • An MCM exam, Rob? Really?

    - by Rob Farley
    I took the SQL 2008 MCM Knowledge exam while in Seattle for the PASS Summit ten days ago. I wasn’t planning to do it, but I got persuaded to try. I was meaning to write this post to explain myself before the result came out, but it seems I didn’t get typing quickly enough. Those of you who know me will know I’m a big fan of certification, to a point. I’ve been involved with Microsoft Learning to help create exams. I’ve kept my certifications current since I first took an exam back in 1998, sitting many in beta, across quite a variety of topics. I’ve probably become quite good at them – I know I’ve definitely passed some that I really should’ve failed. I’ve also written that I don’t think exams are worth studying for. (That’s probably not entirely true, but it depends on your motivation. If you’re doing learning, I would encourage you to focus on what you need to know to do your job better. That will help you pass an exam – but the two skills are very different. I can coach someone on how to pass an exam, but that’s a different kind of teaching when compared to coaching someone about how to do a job. For example, the real world includes a lot of “it depends”, where you develop a feel for what the influencing factors might be. In an exam, its better to be able to know some of the “Don’t use this technology if XYZ is true” concepts better.) As for the Microsoft Certified Master certification… I’m not opposed to the idea of having the MCM (or in the future, MCSM) cert. But the barrier to entry feels quite high for me. When it was first introduced, the nearest testing centres to me were in Kuala Lumpur and Manila. Now there’s one in Perth, but that’s still a big effort. I know there are options in the US – such as one about an hour’s drive away from downtown Seattle, but it all just seems too hard. Plus, these exams are more expensive, and all up – I wasn’t sure I wanted to try them, particularly with the fact that I don’t like to study. I used to study for exams. It would drive my wife crazy. I’d have some exam scheduled for some time in the future (like the time I had two booked for two consecutive days at TechEd Australia 2005), and I’d make sure I was ready. Every waking moment would be spent pouring over exam material, and it wasn’t healthy. I got shaken out of that, though, when I ended up taking four exams in those two days in 2005 and passed them all. I also worked out that if I had a Second Shot available, then failing wasn’t a bad thing at all. Even without Second Shot, I’m much more okay about failing. But even just trying an MCM exam is a big effort. I wouldn’t want to fail one of them. Plus there’s the illusion to maintain. People have told me for a long time that I should just take the MCM exams – that I’d pass no problem. I’ve never been so sure. It was almost becoming a pride-point. Perhaps I should fail just to demonstrate that I can fail these things. Anyway – boB Taylor (@sqlboBT) persuaded me to try the SQL 2008 MCM Knowledge exam at the PASS Summit. They set up a testing centre in one of the room there, so it wasn’t out of my way at all. I had to squeeze it in between other commitments, and I certainly didn’t have time to even see what was on the syllabus, let alone study. In fact, I was so exhausted from the week that I fell asleep at least once (just for a moment though) during the actual exam. Perhaps the questions need more jokes, I’m not sure. I knew if I failed, then I might disappoint some people, but that I wouldn’t’ve spent a great deal of effort in trying to pass. On the other hand, if I did pass I’d then be under pressure to investigate the MCM Lab exam, which can be taken remotely (therefore, a much smaller amount of effort to make happen). In some ways, passing could end up just putting a bunch more pressure on me. Oh, and I did.

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  • Understanding each other in web development

    - by Pete Hotchkin
    During my career I have been lucky enough to work in several different roles within web development with many extremely talented people, from incredible designers who were passionate about the placement of every pixel right through to server administrators and DBAs who were always measuring the improvements they were making to their queries in the smallest possible unit. The problem I always faced was that more often than not I was stuck in the middle trying to mediate between these different functions and enable each side to understand the other’s point of view. The main areas of contention that there have always been between these functional groups in my experience have been at 2 key points: during the build phase and then when there is a problem post-build. During both of these times it is often easier for someone to pass the buck onto someone else than spend the time to understand the other person’s perspective. Below is a quick look at two upcoming tools that will not only speed up the build phase for each function, but  also help when it comes to the issues faced once a site has been pushed live. In my experience a web project goes through several phases of development. The first of these is design, generally handled as Photoshop files which are then passed onto a front-end developer. This is the first point at which heated discussions can arise. One problem I’ve seen several times is that the designer doesn’t fully understand the platform constraints that need to be considered, and as a result has designed something that does not translate very well or is simply not possible. Working at Red Gate, I am lucky enough to be able to meet some amazing people and this happened just the other day when I was introduced to Neil Kinnish and Pete Nelson, the creators of what I believe could be a great asset in this designer-developer relationship, Mixture. Mixture allows the front end developer to quickly prototype a web page with built-in frameworks such as bootstrap. It’s not an IDE however, it just sits there in the background and monitors the project files in the background so every time you save a file from your favorite IDE, it will compile things like LESS, compact your JavaScript and the automatically refresh your test browser so you can see the changes instantly. I think one of the best parts of this however is a single button that pushes the changed files up to the web so the designer can instantly see how far the developer has got and the problem that he is facing at that time without the need to spend time setting up a remote server. I can see this being a real asset to remote teams where there needs to be a compromise between the designer and the front-end developer, or just to allow the designer to see how the build is progressing and suggest small alterations. Once the design has been built into the front end the designer’s job is generally done and there are no other points of contention between the designer and the other functions involved in building these web projects. As the project moves into the stage of integrating it into the back end and deploying it to the production server other functions start to be pulled in and other issues arise such as the back-end developer understanding the frameworks that they are using such as the routes that are in place in an MVC application or the number of database calls that the ORM layer is actually making. There are many tools out there that can actually help with these problems such as mini profiler that gives you a quick snapshot of what is going on directly in the browser. For a slightly more in-depth look at what is happening and to gain a deeper understanding of an application you may be working on though, you may want to consider Glimpse. Created by Nik and Anthony, it is an application that sits at the bottom of your browser (installed via NuGet) which can show you information about how your application is pieced together and how the information on screen is being delivered as it happens. With a wealth of community-built plugins such as one for nHibernate and linq2SQL (full list of plugins on NuGet). It can be customized directly to your own setup to truly delve into the code to see what is happening, and can help to reduce the number of confusing moments about whether it is your code that is going wrong or whether there is something more sinister happening directly on the server. All the tools that I have mentioned in this post help to do one thing above all, and that is to ease the barrier of understanding between the different functions that are involved in building and maintaining a web application. In my experience it is very easy to say “Well, that’s not my problem”, simply because the two functions involved don’t truly understand the other’s point of view. Software should not only be seen as a way to streamline our own working process or as a debugging tool but also a communication aid to improve the entire lifecycle of a web project. Glimpse is actually the project that I am the designer on and I would love to get your feedback if you do decide to try it out or if you would like to share your own experiences of working on web projects please fill in your details at https://www.surveymk.com/s/joinGlimpse  or add a comment below and I will get in touch with you.

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