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  • Are python list comprehensions always a good programming practice?

    - by dln385
    To make the question clear, I'll use a specific example. I have a list of college courses, and each course has a few fields (all of which are strings). The user gives me a string of search terms, and I return a list of courses that match all of the search terms. This can be done in a single list comprehension or a few nested for loops. Here's the implementation. First, the Course class: class Course: def __init__(self, date, title, instructor, ID, description, instructorDescription, *args): self.date = date self.title = title self.instructor = instructor self.ID = ID self.description = description self.instructorDescription = instructorDescription self.misc = args Every field is a string, except misc, which is a list of strings. Here's the search as a single list comprehension. courses is the list of courses, and query is the string of search terms, for example "history project". def searchCourses(courses, query): terms = query.lower().strip().split() return tuple(course for course in courses if all( term in course.date.lower() or term in course.title.lower() or term in course.instructor.lower() or term in course.ID.lower() or term in course.description.lower() or term in course.instructorDescription.lower() or any(term in item.lower() for item in course.misc) for term in terms)) You'll notice that a complex list comprehension is difficult to read. I implemented the same logic as nested for loops, and created this alternative: def searchCourses2(courses, query): terms = query.lower().strip().split() results = [] for course in courses: for term in terms: if (term in course.date.lower() or term in course.title.lower() or term in course.instructor.lower() or term in course.ID.lower() or term in course.description.lower() or term in course.instructorDescription.lower()): break for item in course.misc: if term in item.lower(): break else: continue break else: continue results.append(course) return tuple(results) That logic can be hard to follow too. I have verified that both methods return the correct results. Both methods are nearly equivalent in speed, except in some cases. I ran some tests with timeit, and found that the former is three times faster when the user searches for multiple uncommon terms, while the latter is three times faster when the user searches for multiple common terms. Still, this is not a big enough difference to make me worry. So my question is this: which is better? Are list comprehensions always the way to go, or should complicated statements be handled with nested for loops? Or is there a better solution altogether?

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  • How to explain to a developer that adding extra if - else if conditions is not a good way to "improv

    - by Lilit
    Recently I've bumped into the following C++ code: if (a) { f(); } else if (b) { f(); } else if (c) { f(); } Where a, b and c are all different conditions, and they are not very short. I tried to change the code to: if (a || b || c) { f(); } But the author opposed saying that my change will decrease readability of the code. I had two arguments: 1) You should not increase readability by replacing one branching statement with three (though I really doubt that it's possible to make code more readable by using else if instead of ||). 2) It's not the fastest code, and no compiler will optimize this. But my arguments did not convince him. What would you tell a programmer writing such a code? Do you think complex condition is an excuse for using else if instead of OR?

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  • elegant way to extract values from array

    - by smoove666
    Something that bugs me for a long time: I want to convert this Array: // $article['Tags'] array(3) { [0] => array(2) { ["id"] => string(4) "1" ["tag"] => string(5) "tag1" }, [1] => array(2) { ["id"] => string(4) "2" ["tag"] => string(5) "tag2" }, [2] => array(2) { ["id"] => string(4) "3" ["tag"] => string(5) "tag3" }, } To this form: // $extractedTags[] array(3) { [0] => string(4) "tag1", [1] => string(4) "tag2", [2] => string(4) "tag3", } currently i am using this code: $extractedTags = array(); foreach ($article['Tags'] as $tags) { $extractedTags[] = $tags['tag']; } Is there any more elegant way of doing this, maybe a php built-in function?

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  • is it good "form" to declare new classes in the same file ?

    - by hatorade
    I code in Python a lot, and I frequently create classes. Now, I'm not sure if this is good Python form, but I just declare a class in the same file as my main(). class foo { ... } I'm wondering if it's good form in Java to do the same? For example, class foo { public static int name; public static int numPoints; public static int[] points; } public class bar { public static void main(String[] args) { ... } } Does not throw errors in Eclipse, so it must be allowed. But is it okay to do? Would it be better to just declare this class in a separate file..? Edit: I just want to emphasize that my new class literally is just a container to hold the same type of data multiple times, and literally will only have like 3 values. So it's total about 5 lines of code. The question is - does this merit a new file?

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  • Origin of discouraged perl idioms: &x(...) and sub x($$) { ... }

    - by knorv
    In my perl code I've previously used the following two styles of writing which I've later found are being discouraged in modern perl: # Style #1: Using & before calling a user-defined subroutine &name_of_subroutine($something, $something_else); # Style #2: Using ($$) to show the number of arguments in a user-defined sub sub name_of_subroutine($$) { # the body of a subroutine taking two arguments. } Since learning that those styles are not recommended I've simply stopped using them. However, out of curiosity I'd like to know the following: What is the origin of those two styles of writing? (I'm sure I've not dreamt up the styles myself.) Why are those two styles of writing discouraged in modern perl? Have the styles been considered best practice at some point in time?

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  • Variable pre-fixes, Visual Studio 2010 onwards?

    - by thedixon
    I'm a bit bewildered on this subject, as I relate variable prefixes to being a thing of the past now, but with Visual Studio 2010 onwards (I'm currently using 2012), do people still do this and why? I only ask because, these days, you can hover over any variable and it'll tell you the variable type and scope. There's literally no requirement for pre-fixing being there for readability. By this I mean: string strHello int intHello etc. And I'm being language/tool biased here - as Visual Studio takes a lot of the legwork out for you in terms of seeing exactly what type the variable is, including after conversions in the code. This is not a "general programming" question.

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  • Code formatting for initializing lists

    - by Roman
    I've just found in my java project this code snippet: List<IssueType> selectedIssueTypes = new ArrayList<IssueType>(); for (Object item : selectedItems) selectedIssueTypes.add((IssueType) item); How do you think, can this style be used?

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  • Are booleans as method arguments unacceptable?

    - by koschi
    A colleague of mine states that booleans as method arguments are not acceptable. They shall be replaced by enumerations. At first I did not see any benefit, but he gave me an example. What's easier to understand? file.writeData( data, true ); Or enum WriteMode { Append, Overwrite }; file.writeData( data, Append ); Now I got it! ;-) This is definitely an example where an enumeration as second parameter makes the code much more readable. So, what's your opinion on this topic?

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  • Love coding but offered a server/network job -- any advice?

    - by Pete
    I really enjoy software development. I've done it for going on 3 years now full-time for a small company and still find it interesting and exciting. I haven't had much server/network experience but have an opportunity to work for a large IT company dealing with server setups, configurations, maintenance and some networking work as well. The thing is, I'm not sure whether to accept. If I were to take this, it would have relatively little if any coding and I'm guessing would start me down a career path away from coding. The only thing is the company is large enough and has a coding division so I guess in a few years I could transition back to the software side of things if I wanted, but I'm just not sure whether I would enjoy the server/network side of things. Any advice is greatly appreciated. Especially if you have had a similar situation occur. Thanks!

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  • WP7 Tips–Part I– Media File Coding Techniques to help pass the Windows Phone 7 Marketplace Certification Requirements

    - by seaniannuzzi
    Overview Developing an application that plays media files on a Windows Phone 7 Device seems fairly straight forward.  However, what can make this a bit frustrating are the necessary requirements in order to pass the WP7 marketplace requirements so that your application can be published.  If you are new to this development, be aware of these common challenges that are likely to be made.  Below are some techniques and recommendations on how optimize your application to handle playing MP3 and/or WMA files that needs to adhere to the marketplace requirements.   Windows Phone 7 Certification Requirements Windows Phone 7 Developers Blog   Some common challenges are: Not prompting the user if another media file is playing in the background before playing your media file Not allowing the user to control the volume Not allowing the user to mute the sound Not allowing the media to be interrupted by a phone call  To keep this as simple as possible I am only going to focus on what “not to do” and what “to do” in order to implement a simple media solution. Things you will need or may be useful to you before you begin: Visual Studio 2010 Visual Studio 2010 Feature Packs Windows Phone 7 Developer Tools Visual Studio 2010 Express for Windows Phone Windows Phone Emulator Resources Silverlight 4 Tools For Visual Studio XNA Game Studio 4.0 Microsoft Expression Blend for Windows Phone Note: Please keep in mind you do not need all of these downloaded and installed, it is just easier to have all that you need now rather than add them on later.   Objective Summary Create a Windows Phone 7 – Windows Media Sample Application.  The application will implement many of the required features in order to pass the WP7 marketplace certification requirements in order to publish an application to WP7’s marketplace. (Disclaimer: I am not trying to indicate that this application will always pass as the requirements may change or be updated)   Step 1: – Create a New Windows Phone 7 Project   Step 2: – Update the Title and Application Name of your WP7 Application For this example I changed: the Title to: “DOTNETNUZZI WP7 MEDIA SAMPLE - v1.00” and the Page Title to:  “media magic”. Note: I also updated the background.   Step 3: – XAML - Media Element Preparation and Best Practice Before we begin the next step I just wanted to point out a few things that you should not do as a best practice when developing an application for WP7 that is playing music.  Please keep in mind that these requirements are not the same if you are playing Sound Effects and are geared towards playing media in the background.   If you have coded this – be prepared to change it:   To avoid a failure from the market place remove all of your media source elements from your XAML or simply create them dynamically.  To keep this simple we will remove the source and set the AutoPlay property to false to ensure that there are no media elements are active when the application is started. Proper example of the media element with No Source:   Some Additional Settings - Add XAML Support for a Mute Button   Step 4: – Boolean to handle toggle of Mute Feature Step 5: – Add Event Handler for Main Page Load   Step 6: – Add Reference to the XNA Framework   Step 7: – Add two Using Statements to Resolve the Namespace of Media and the Application Bar using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; using Microsoft.Phone.Shell;   Step 8: – Add the Method to Check the Media State as Shown Below   Step 9: – Add Code to Mute the Media File Step 10: – Add Code to Play the Media File //if the state of the media has been checked you are good to go. media_sample.Play(); Note: If we tried to perform this operation at this point you will receive the following error: System.InvalidOperationException was unhandled Message=FrameworkDispatcher.Update has not been called. Regular FrameworkDispatcher.Update calls are necessary for fire and forget sound effects and framework events to function correctly. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=193853 for details. StackTrace:        at Microsoft.Xna.Framework.FrameworkDispatcher.AddNewPendingCall(ManagedCallType callType, UInt32 arg)        at Microsoft.Xna.Framework.UserAsyncDispatcher.HandleManagedCallback(ManagedCallType managedCallType, UInt32 managedCallArgs) at Microsoft.Xna.Framework.UserAsyncDispatcher.AsyncDispatcherThreadFunction()            It is not recommended that you just add the FrameworkDispatcher.Update(); call before playing the media file. It is recommended that you implement the following class to your solution and implement this class in the app.xaml.cs file.   Step 11: – Add FrameworkDispatcher Features I recommend creating a class named XNAAsyncDispatcher and adding the following code:   After you have added the code accordingly, you can now implement this into your app.xaml.cs file as highlighted below.   Note:  If you application sound file is not playing make sure you have the proper “Build Action” set such as Content.   Running the Sample Now that we have some of the foundation created you should be able to run the application successfully.  When the application launches your sound options should be set accordingly when the “checkMediaState” method is called.  As a result the application will properly setup the media options and/or alert the user accordinglyper the certification requirements.  In addition, the sample also shows a quick way to mute the sound in your application by simply removing the URI source of the media file.  If everything successfully compiled the application should look similar to below.                 <sound playing>   Summary At this point we have a fully functional application that provides techniques on how to avoid some common challenges when working with media files and developing applications for Windows Phone 7.  The techniques mentioned above should make things a little easier and helpful in getting your WP7 application approved and published on the Marketplace.  The next blog post will be titled: WP7 Tips–Part II - How to write code that will pass the Windows Phone 7 Marketplace Requirements for Themes (light and dark). If anyone has any questions or comments please comment on this blog. 

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  • CodeCritics.com: A no nonsense place for coders to critique code and raise awareness of standards and "good coding standards" [closed]

    - by Visionary Software Solutions
    StackOverflow has been a boon for increasing programming knowledge by allowing developers to ask for help and knowledge related to programming. Oftentimes these questions boil down to: This code is broken, fix it I don't know how to do this Is this the best approach (hard question to answer on StackExchange, but democratic) Oftentimes, however, these questions are discussed at a very high level. "I use web services with a proxy client to ..." But, as Grady Booch is fond of saying "the Truth is raw, naked, running code". Those high level descriptions can be accomplished in any ways. Programming is an Art, and there are an infinite number of different ways to do things. But some are better than others. A site devoted to Q&A can help increase knowledge...a site devoted to critique of code can help elevate standards and result in higher quality knowledge. By upvoting the most elegant ways to solve a short, concise problem statement, or just looking at a piece of code and saying "this is ugly, how can we fix it?" we can increase community participation in discussions about the substantive details of an approach: "is my commenting clear? "Is this 3 nested for-loops with a continue that breaks in a special case a good way of building an object?" "Does this extremely generic and polymorphic inheritance hierarchy have issues?") Code is an art/craft and science/engineering artifact. Doesn't it deserve the same type of review treatment as a painting and an experiment? For praising those that provide that moment of zen when looking at exceptionally good code that makes you believe in a better tomorrow, and panning those whose offal is so offensive that were you to meet them on the job you'd say "YOU! GET OUT!!!" Hence, CodeCritics. A collaborative critiquing platform in the style of StackOverflow focused solely on critiquing code that can act as a collaborative code review and assist in the discovery of Design Patterns.

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  • Does relying on intellisense and documentation a lot while coding makes you a bad programmer? [duplicate]

    - by sharp12345
    This question already has an answer here: Forgetting basic language functions due to use of IDE, over reliance? [duplicate] 4 answers Is a programmer required to learn and memorize all syntax, or is it ok to keep handy some documentation? Would it affect the way that managers look at coders? What are the downside of depending on intellisense and auto-complete technologies and pdf documentation?

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  • Inspiring a co-worker to adopt better coding practices?

    - by Aaronaught
    In the Handling my antiquated coworker question, various people discussed strategies for dealing with coworkers who are unwilling to integrate their workflow with the team's. I'd like, if possible, to learn some strategies for "teaching" a coworker who is merely ignorant of modern techniques and tools, and possibly a little apathetic. I've started working with a programmer who until recently has been working in relative isolation, in a different part of the company. He has extensive domain knowledge and most importantly he has demonstrated good problem-solving skills, something which many candidates seem to lack. However, the actual (C#) code I've seen is a throwback to the VB6 days. Procedural structure, Hungarian notation, global variables (abuse of static), no interfaces, no tests, non-use of Generics, throwing System.Exception... you get the idea. This programmer is a fair bit older than I am and, by first impressions at least, doesn't actively seek positive change. I'm not going to say resistant to change, because I think that is largely an issue of how the topic gets broached, and I want to be prepared. Programmers tend to be stubborn people, and going in with guns blazing and instituting rip-it-to-shreds code reviews and strictly-enforced policies is very likely not going to produce the end result that I want. If this were a new hire, a junior programmer, I wouldn't think twice about taking a "mentor" stance, but I'm extremely wary of treating an experienced employee as a clueless newbie (which he's not - he just hasn't kept pace with certain advancements in the field). How might I go about raising this developer's code quality standard the Dale Carnegie way, through gentle persuasion and non-material incentives? What would be the best strategy for effecting subtle, gradual changes, without creating an adversarial situation? Have other people - especially lead developers - been in this type of situation before? Which strategies were successful at stimulating interest and creating a positive group dynamic? Which strategies weren't successful and would be better to avoid? Clarifications: I really feel that several people are answering based on personal feelings without actually reading all of the details of the question. Please note the following, which should have been implied but I am now making explicit: This coworker is only my "senior" by virtue of age. I never said that his title, sphere of influence, or years at the organization exceed mine, and in fact, none of those things are true. He's a LOB programmer who's been absorbed into the main development shop. That's it. I am not a new hire, junior programmer, or other naïve idiot with grand plans to transform the company overnight. I am basically in charge of the software process, but as many who've worked as "leads" will know, responsibilities don't always correlate precisely with the org chart. I'm not asking people how to get my way, come hell or high water. I could do that if I wanted to, with the net result being that this person would become resentful and/or quit. Please try to understand that I am looking for a social, cooperative method of driving change. The mention of "...global variables... no tests... throwing System.Exception" was intended to demonstrate that the problems are not just superficial or aesthetic. Practices that may work for relatively small CRUD apps do not necessarily work for large enterprise apps, and in fact, none of the code so far has actually passed the integration tests. Please, try to take the question at face value, accept that I actually know what I'm talking about, and either answer the question that I actually asked or move on. P.S. My sincerest gratitude to those who -did- offer constructive advice rather than arguing with the premise. I'm going to leave this open for a while longer as I'm hoping to hear more in the way of real-world experiences.

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  • How to Handle Managing a Coding Project With 8 Friends?

    - by Raul
    I usually code by myself but currently I need to do a java web-based project with 8 of my friends. I would like to ask the following questions: 1) How to document the development properly? Like how to keep a daily log? Any software or format suggested? What things do you think are important to be included in the log? 2) How to code together? Is there any software/IDE that allows a team to code together? Something ike google docs? 3) How to do a proper backup for a team project? Any software or tips to share?

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  • How do I overcome paralysis by analysis when coding?

    - by LuxuryMode
    When I start a new project, I often times immediately start thinking about the details of implementation. "Where am I gonna put the DataBaseHandler? How should I use it? Should classes that want to use it extend from some Abstract superclass..? Should I an interface? What level of abstraction am I going to use in my class that contains methods for sending requests and parsing data?" I end up stalling for a long time because I want to code for extensibility and reusability. But I feel it almost impossible to get past thinking about how to implement perfectly. And then, if I try to just say "screw it, just get it done!", I hit a brick wall pretty quickly because my code isn't organized, I mixed levels of abstractions, etc. What are some techniques/methods you have for launching into a new project while also setting up a logical/modular structure that will scale well?

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  • What causes critical glib errors (when coding using messaging menu)?

    - by fluteflute
    If I run the python code below (almost entirely from this useful blog post) then I get three identical nasty looking error messages in the terminal. What might be causing them? I note the number (5857 in the example below) changes slightly on each run. What does this number signify? Is it a memory location or something similar? (messaging-menu.py:5857): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: g_dbus_method_invocation_return_dbus_error: assertion `error_name != NULL && g_dbus_is_name (error_name)' failed (messaging-menu.py:5857): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: g_dbus_method_invocation_return_dbus_error: assertion `error_name != NULL && g_dbus_is_name (error_name)' failed (messaging-menu.py:5857): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: g_dbus_method_invocation_return_dbus_error: assertion `error_name != NULL && g_dbus_is_name (error_name)' failed I'm running this on Natty, I should probably find out if I get the same errors in 10.10 though... import gtk def show_window_function(x, y): print x print y # get the indicate module, which does all the work import indicate # Create a server item mm = indicate.indicate_server_ref_default() # If someone clicks your server item in the MM, fire the server-display signal mm.connect("server-display", show_window_function) # Set the type of messages that your item uses. It's not at all clear which types # you're allowed to use, here. mm.set_type("message.im") # You must specify a .desktop file: this is where the MM gets the name of your # app from. mm.set_desktop_file("/usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop") # Show the item in the MM. mm.show() # Create a source item mm_source = indicate.Indicator() # Again, it's not clear which subtypes you are allowed to use here. mm_source.set_property("subtype", "im") # "Sender" is the text that appears in the source item in the MM mm_source.set_property("sender", "Unread") # If someone clicks this source item in the MM, fire the user-display signal mm_source.connect("user-display", show_window_function) # Light up the messaging menu so that people know something has changed mm_source.set_property("draw-attention", "true") # Set the count of messages in this source. mm_source.set_property("count", "15") # If you prefer, you can set the time of the last message from this source, # rather than the count. (You can't set both.) This means that instead of a # message count, the MM will show "2m" or similar for the time since this # message arrived. # mm_source.set_property_time("time", time.time()) mm_source.show() gtk.main()

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  • Which language and platform features really boosted your coding speed?

    - by Serge
    The question is about delivering working code faster without any regard for design, quality, maintainability, etc. Here is the list of things that help me to write and read code faster: Language: static typing, support for object-oriented and functional programming styles, embedded documentation, short compile-debug-fix cycle or REPL, automatic memory management Platform: "batteries" included (text, regex, IO, threading, networking), thriving community, tons of open-source libs Tools: IDE, visual debugger, code-completion, code navigation, refactoring

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  • Coding a web browser on Windows using a layout engine?

    - by samual johnson
    I've never attempted anything like this before but what I want to do is code a browser for Windows. I know that I can use the web-browser control that Microsoft has released, but I'm interested in seeing how the problem is solved from a lower level. So I want to know what layout engine I should be looking at? Or is a layout engine the best way to go? I've been looking at WebKit, but it seems rather Mac-centric, so I'm wondering if there are any more practical one's for windows? Has Microsoft released the source code for their webbrowser winforms control in the .Net framework? That would be dependent on the CLR anyway, I suppose? Any suggestions?

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  • Is there an antipattern to describe this method of coding?

    - by P.Brian.Mackey
    I have a codebase where the programmer tended to wrap things up in areas that don't make sense. For example, given an Error log we have you can log via ErrorLog.Log(ex, "friendly message"); He added various other means to accomplish the exact same task. E.G. SomeClass.Log(ex, "friendly message"); Which simply turns around and calls the first method. This adds levels of complexity with no added benefit. Is there an anti-pattern to describe this?

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  • What is the ideal laptop for creative coding applications?

    - by Jason
    Hi, I am a creative coder using C++(cinder and OpenFrameworks) I am looking to upgrade from my MacBook, which slowed down to about 3fps this morning. My project involves particles systems and fluids reacting to audio analysis data and computer vision data in real-time. SD or HD? no biggie. I have asked many people what computer I need. Ideally, I want a MacBook Pro. But is that enough power? I've been told that I need a desktop for what I am doing though I'd rather stay portable I've been told that I should go PC linux to get the most power but I'd rather stay mac I've been told that RAM is more of bottleneck than processor speed I've been told that the Graphics Card is more important than CPU and that code optimizations such as using trees over lists, proper threading, sending tasks to the GPU make a bigger difference than the hardware!!! what's true?! what do I need? Any suggestions are greatly appreciated

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  • What are good ways to find collaborators for a coding weekend?

    - by tarrasch
    Not sure if this belongs here, feel free to push it somewhere else if needed. When i was at university we would sometimes come together into a room full of beer and fast food and crank out software in a weekend. Unfortunately the group has kind of split up and its just not possible any more. My question is now: Where can i find like-minded people on the Internet that would like to do something like this? I have an idea what i wanted to do next, but of course other people have ideas too.

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