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• iptables not writing rules.

  - by Darkmage

  im running these two rules as root, but when doing a iptables -L it dosent show any rules, any one have an idea of what the problem can be? iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 --source 84.244.145.135 -j REDIRECT --to-port 1222 iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 --source 243.134.97.194 -j REDIRECT --to-port 1222 duno@Virtual-Box:/home/glennwiz# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination

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• Simple one-way synchronisation of user password list between servers

  - by Renaud Bompuis

  Using a RedHat-derivative distro (CentOS), I'd like to keep the list of regular users (UID over 500), and group (and shadow files) pushed to a backup server. The sync is only one-way, from the main server to the backup server. I don't really want to have to deal with LDAP or NIS. All I need is a simple script that can be run nightly to keep the backup server updated. The main server can SSH into the backup system. Any suggestion? Edit: Thanks for the suggestions so far but I think I didn't make myself clear enough. I'm only looking at synchronising normal users whose UID is on or above 500. System/service users (with UID below 500) may be different on both system. So you can't just sync the whole files I'm afraid.

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• Migrate data from one server to another using rsync

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  I'm moving from one VPS to another, and I figured that the simplest way to transfer data would be rsync. However, the data is owned by a user, www-data, which doesn't have ssh privileges, and I'd like it to be owned by the same (named) user on the target machine. Obviously I need all file permissions preserved. I have SSH access via another user with sudo privileges on both machines. Is this possible to do this with rsync?

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• Erros installing archlinux on macbook air

  - by user1021852

  I have "installed" Archboot on my macbook air, and I am getting screen problems after it loads UDEV, it is last thing I can read. Basically I am following this instructions. But then I got error that when installing grub legacy. Something about that it has no support of gpt. And I cannot find anything about bios-compatibility. P.S. it only took one try too install it on macbook 6,2 and few dozens in macbook air without results.

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• How to tell statd to use portmap on a non-localhost ipadress?

  - by jneves

  How can I make statd connect to other IP address other than 127.0.0.1? I have a server that is connected to 2 different networks (one is public, another a private). I want it to provide a NFS share for only the private network. The host in an ubuntu 8.04. The private ip address is 192.168.1.202 I changed /etc/default/portmap to add: OPTIONS="-i 192.168.1.202" The command lsof -n | grep portmap returns: portmap 10252 daemon cwd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon rtd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon txt REG 202,0 15248 13461 /sbin/portmap portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 83708 32823 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 1364388 32817 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 31304 16588 /lib/libwrap.so.0.7.6 portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 109152 16955 /lib/ld-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon 0u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 1u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 2u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 3u unix 0xecc8c3c0 4332992 socket portmap 10252 daemon 4u IPv4 4332993 UDP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc portmap 10252 daemon 5u IPv4 4332994 TCP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc (LISTEN) portmap 10252 daemon 6u REG 0,12 289 3821511 /var/run/portmap_mapping I defined in /etc/hosts the following: 192.168.1.202 server.local In /etc/default/nfs-common I changed STATDOPTS to: STATDOPTS="--name server.local" Yet when I run /etc/init.d/nfs-common start if fails to start. The log shows: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Version 1.1.2 Starting Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Flags: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: unable to register (statd, 1, udp). An strace -f rpc.statd -n server.local results in a lot of lines, including this one: sendto(9, "\200]3\362\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0\1\206\240\0\0\0\2\0\0\0\1"..., 56, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(111), sin_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1")}, 16) = 56

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• have a bash script remotely shutdown another computer on the lan

  - by gletscher

  Hi I want to write a bash script that when called shuts down another computer on the lan. Maybe using ssh? The other computer is an ubuntu machine. Now I'm not sure how to send e.g. a sudo shutdown -h now command from withing a bash script to the ssh after logging in. Also I'm not sure how to obtain the rights for the sudo command, hence how to handle the communication between the server and client from within a bash script. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated.

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• Added user to CentOS, Updated sshd_config with AllowUsers, Login denied

  - by Gregg

  CentOS 5.3. I can SSH into the system as root just fine. Added a user and set their password. They have shell access (/bin/bash). I can su to the account from root just fine. I updated /etc/ssh/sshd_config with: AllowUsers myNewUser And restarted sshd: /etc/init.d/sshd restart When trying to ssh into the server with the new user, I get a permission denied. And yes, I've double and triple checked that I am using the correct password. Any help is appreciated.

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• Best format for backing up data in Blu Ray

  - by Arrieta

  We are in the process of backing up our hard drives to Blu Rays. I am creating tar.gz files and burning them to Blu Ray. Is it possible to use a simple (preferably Python-based) solution for creating images of those tar.gz files, of a predetermined size (to fit in the Blu Ray), and simply burn this images to the disc? Do you have any other approach for creating physical back-up of your hard drives?

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• "Clone" a Virtuozzo VPS

  - by Alex Takitani

  We have a rhel running on a VPS, I want to bring it to our network server, a vmware esx. Is it possible? Any advice would be great, tks!

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• Find where packages have been installed using rpm

  - by ant2009

  Hello, CentOS 5.3 I have been installing some packages using rpm -ivh package However, I am just wondering what command I can use to find the path of where the packages are installed. Many thanks,

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• Video desktop recording and multiple WM displays, capturing nonactive display

  - by okobaka

  Two WM running on one local machine. WM - Fluxbox. Using ffmpeg to record desktop. ffmpeg -an -f x11grab -s 1920x1080 -r 25 -i :1.0 -sameq /tmp/video.mkv On one display everything works great, but not when i have another WM display startx -- :1. What i am doing right now is to switch ctrl+alt+f8 to display:1.0, and start recording with ffmpeg. Everything is fine until i switch back ctrl+alt+f7 to display:0.0, WM and captured video image freezes, but when i switch back ctrl+alt+f8 to display:1.0, it unfreeze and continue recording. So, how to make display:1.0 not to freeze, while on display:0.0? Tested some more. open [display 0.0] open [display 0.1] from [display 0.0] = open => [display 0.2] same problem For different users and same users results are the same. ffmpeg keeps recording that paused image. Looks like WM root window need to be active, to be recorded.

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• Monit network availability checking

  - by viraptor

  Hi, I'd like to start a service with monit but only when I have the correct ip bound to the host. Can this be done somehow with the normal config? For example I want to start a process xxx with pidfile xxx.pid, but only if host currently has 10.0.0.1 bound to some interface.

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• Calculate minimum ext3 partition size for certain amount of data

  - by Daniel Beck

  These following ext3 partitions contain identical data. As we can see, the larger the partition size, the more space is required for the same files: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/loop11 3965777 561064 3199964 15% [...] /dev/loop19 573029 543843 29186 95% [...] Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/loop11 3.8G 548M 3.1G 15% [...] /dev/loop19 560M 532M 29M 95% [...] Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/loop11 1024000 1656 1022344 1% [...] /dev/loop19 1024000 1656 1022344 1% [...] I start with a partition of fixed size that possibly wasted a lot of space and I want to create a partition that is able to hold that data but with (almost) minimal size. How can I reliably calculate that minimal partition size needed for storing a certain amount of data? The amount of data changes over time, and I need to automate these calculations.

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• Is it possible to either abort or interrupt and later continue a lvconvert -m1 operation?

  - by SLi

  I have run the command lvconvert -m1 rootvg/newroot /dev/sdb to convert a linear logical volume to a mirrored one. The operation has not yet finished; I interrupted the command with ctrl-c at around 10% mark, but the operation seems to be running in the background anyway. Is it possible to either 1) Abort the lvconvert operation and revert to the state before it? (This would be my preferred option) 2) To safely interrupt the operation and resume it later?

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• Change Audio title from English to Sinhalese using ffmpeg

  - by user330461

  I insert an extra Sound track in my video file and it works well. ffmpeg -i news.mov -i news.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:1 -map 1:0 -pass 1 -vcodec libx264 -preset fast -b 512k -minrate 512k -maxrate 512k -bufsize 512k -threads 0 -f mp4 -an -y /dev/null && ffmpeg -i news.mov -i news.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:1 -map 1:0 -pass 2 -acodec libfaac -ab 128k -ac 2 -vcodec libx264 -preset fast -b 512k -minrate 512k -maxrate 512k -bufsize 512k -threads 0 -f mp4 news.mp4 The default audio track come with the label "English" and I would like to give it a label "Sinhalese" The Second Audio track come up without a label as "track#1" and I would like to give that a label of "Tamil". How do I do that ?

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• Aptitude - find new versions of packages

  - by tamm0r

  How do I find out if new versions of installed packages exist without installing them via aptitude in non-interactive mode? Is there anything comparable to the MacPorts port outdated command?

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• XenServer Converting HVM to Paravirtualised

  - by Karl Kloppenborg

  Recently I have been tasked with the daunting process of converting a setup of HVM enabled VMs (running on Citrix XenServer 5.6.0) into PV (paravirtualised) containers. The constraints of the project was that: The operating system must be functionally identical after the migration. minimal modification to the operating system (with exception of kernel / drive mapping) I also was allowed to change the bootloader(ie, grub) in what ever way I see fit. However, I have attempted this, I will firstly like to show you my steps I took. This at the moment is CentOS5.5 specific: Steps: yum install kernel-xen This installed: 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen edited: /boot/grub/menu.lst changed my specs to match: title CentOS (2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 console=xvc0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img Then I changed my xenserver parameters to match: xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader-args="--kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen --ramdisk /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] HVM-boot-policy="" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader=pygrub xe vbd-param-set uuid==[Virtual Block Device/VBD uuid] bootable=true Some things to note, I am running a VolGroup LVM ;) Anyways, after all these steps (which aren't much!) I boot the VM and it boots initial kernel just fine, however I am presented with this error: Boot Screen: device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Waiting for driver initialization. Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Activating logical volumes Volume group "VolGroup00" not found Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root' Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Now my hints are that it cannot detect / because of the fact that when you change from HVM mode to PV it does something (not that obvious) When you make a SR (storage) on a HVM, you get it mounted to the guest os as /dev/hda. However in PV mode, this presents itself as /dev/xvda... Could this be the answer? and if so, how the heck to I implement it?? Update: So I have gotten a bit further in my quest, as it now detects the LVM's... To do this, I required to recompile the xen-kernel initrd image. Command: mkinitrd -v --builtin=xen_vbd --preload=xenblk initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen Now when I boot I get this: Boot Screen: Loading dm-raid45.ko module device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2 Activating logical volumes 3 logical volume(s) in volume group "VolGroup00" now active Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: error mounting /dev/root on /sysroot as ext3: Device or resource busy Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

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• OpenSSL missing during ./configure. How to fix?

  - by P K

  I was trying to install node.js and found OpenSSL support missing during ./configure. How can I fix it? Is it a mandatory step? # ./configure Checking for gcc : ok Checking for library dl : not found Checking for openssl : not found Checking for function SSL_library_init : not found Checking for header openssl/crypto.h : not found /home/ec2-user/node-v0.6.6/wscript:374: error: Could not autodetect OpenSSL support. Make sure OpenSSL development packages are installed. Use configure --without-ssl to disable this message.

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• How to get the Three.js import/export scripts into Blender on Ubuntu?

  - by Bane

  I have been working with 3D primitives in Three.js, but now I want to import some models. I plan on using Blender, which I have just downloaded with: sudo apt-get install blender However, I was instructed to put the import/export scripts in the .blender/2.62/scripts/addons folder, but it does not exist! .blender/2.62 does exist, but it only has a config folder. The next thing I did is manually changed the script search path in Blender's preferences from // to my homefolder/scripts, which contained the required io_mesh_threejs folder (which, in turn had the .py scripts inside). I saved the changes, restarted Blender, but still nothing: in the menu there is no mention of Three.js at all! What do I do? It would be great if I knew the installation path for Blender, because maybe I could put those scripts there manually. Where should it be installed? EDIT: these are the scripts I'm talking about, along with the instructions: https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/tree/master/utils/exporters/blender.

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• Apache security for multi-user development web server.

  - by mrmartinblue

  I've been searching and reading through documents all morning and understand that I need to use some combination of chown and probably 'jailing' to securely give programmers access to directories on my centos webserver. Here's the situation: I have an apache web server that has any number of virtual sites located in /var/www/site1 /var/www/site2 etc.. I have different developers that need full access both ssh and vsFTP to only the site they are working on. What is the best way to create and maintain security in this scenario. My thought would be to create a new user for each coder, jail that user to the website directory they are allowed to work in, add their user to a group and set the webroot's owner to that group. Any thoughts? Good, bad, ugly? Thanks!

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• Estimating compressed file size using a list parameter

  - by Sai

  I am currently compressing a list of files from a directory in the following format: tar -cvjf test_1.tar.gz -T test_1.lst --no-recursion The above command will compress only those files mentioned in the list. I am doing this because this list is generated such that it fits a DVD. However, during compression the compression rate decreases the estimated file size and there is abundant space left in the DVD. This is something like a Knapsack algorithm. I would like to estimate the compressed file size and add some more files to the list. I found that it is possible to estimate file size using the following command: tar -cjf - Folder/ | wc -c This command does not take a list parameter. Is there a way to estimate compressed file size? I am also looking into options like perl scripts etc. Edit: I think I should provide more information since I have been doing a lot of web search. I came across a perl script(Link)that sort of emulates the Knapsack algorithm. The current problem with the above mentioned script is that it splits the files in their original state. When I compress the files after splitting them, there are opportunities for adding more files which I consider to be inefficient. There are 2 ways I could resolve the inefficiency: a) Compress individual files and save them in a directory using a script. The compressed file could provide a best estimate. I could generate a script using a folder of compressed files and use them on the uncompressed ones. b) Check whether the compressed file's size is less than the required size. If so, I should keep adding files until I meet the requirement. However, the addition of new files to the compressed file is an optimization problem by itself.

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• Exploratory Question for Security Admins (/etc/passwd + PHP)

  - by JPerkSter

  Hi everyone, I've been seeing a few issues lately on a few of my servers where an account gets hacked via outdated scripts, and the hacker uploads a cPanel / FTP Brute forcing PHP script inside the account. The PHP File reads /etc/passwd to get the usernames, and than uses a passwd.txt file to try and brute force it's way in to 127.0.0.1:2082. I'm trying to think of a way to block this. It doesn't POST anything except "GET /path/phpfile.php", so I can't use mod_security to block this. I've been thinking of maybe changing permissions on /etc/passwd to 600, however I'm unsure how this will result in regards to my users. I was also thinking of rate-limiting localhost connections to :2082, however I'm worried about mod_proxy being affected. Any suggestions?

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• Cannot install CentOS 6.5 using UEFI usb boot

  - by Vaindil

  I am trying to dual-boot CentOS 6.5 on my desktop that is currently running Windows 8.1. I have two storage devices: an SSD that has my Windows installation, and an HDD that has all of my data. Both are formatted using GPT, and Windows boots using UEFI. I used the CentOS 6.5 live DVD (CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso) to create an EFI-bootable flash drive (it does boot properly in EFI mode). I receive an error, however, when CentOS is booting (error is below). I have a 6.4 boot DVD which boots as expected, but it does not boot in UEFI mode and therefore doesn't play nicely with my Windows installation (I have no way to access it, even using rEFInd or any other similar tools). What do I need to do to get the device to boot properly in UEFI mode? Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 Call Trace: [<ffffffff815271fa>] ? panic+0xa7/0x16f [<ffffffff81077622>] ? do_exit+0x862/0x870 [<ffffffff8118a865>] ? fput+0x25/0x30 [<ffffffff81077688>] ? do_group_exit+0x58/0xd0 [<ffffffff81077717>] ? sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20 [<ffffffff8100b072>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console

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• Adding a jar file to CLASSPATH is still not executable

  - by Simon O'Hanlon

  Perhaps I just don't understand how the whole CLASSPATH environment variable works when trying to find .jar files on your system. I thought if you specified it, you could launch .jar files with java in much the same way that you can launch executables that are on your path. I have an executable java archive (.jar file) on my system, that I stuck in /usr/local/bin/gatk/. I added this to my CLASSPATH via: export CLASSPATH=/usr/local/bin/gatk/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar I thought this would make the .jar file visible to my JVM. When I try to invoke it with java -jar GenomeAnalysisTK.jar #Error: Unable to access jarfile .gatk/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar I can invoke it setting the absolute path, e.g. java -jar /usr/local/bin/gatk/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar, however I'd rather not type the full path each time. I have read many of the linked tutorials but somehow I don't seem to be getting this right and I can't understand what I am doing wrong.

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• Why mutt terminates with segmentation error?

  - by hugemeow

  I pressed $, in order to sync mailbox, but mutt just quit... in fact mutt don't quit every time i press $, it only quits sometimes, so how to know the reason why mutt quit? is this a bug in mutt'? The error message is: Sorting mailbox... Segmentation fault Can i use strace with mutt if i want to know what happens? Or are there tools which are better to find out more about the problem? right now i replied to a mail, then i press $, then segmentation fault...

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