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  • How do I find the "concrete class" of a django model baseclass

    - by Mr Shark
    I'm trying to find the actual class of a django-model object, when using model-inheritance. Some code to describe the problem: class Base(models.model): def basemethod(self): ... class Child_1(Base): pass class Child_2(Base): pass If I create various objects of the two Child classes and the create a queryset containing them all: Child_1().save() Child_2().save() (o1, o2) = Base.objects.all() I want to determine if the object is of type Child_1 or Child_2 in basemethod, I can get to the child object via o1.child_1 and o2.child_2 but that reconquers knowledge about the childclasses in the baseclass. I have come up with the following code: def concrete_instance(self): instance = None for subclass in self._meta.get_all_related_objects(): acc_name = subclass.get_accessor_name() try: instance = self.__getattribute__(acc_name) return instance except Exception, e: pass But it feels brittle and I'm not sure of what happens when if I inherit in more levels.

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  • Url open encoding

    - by badc0re
    I have the following code for urllib and BeautifulSoup: getSite = urllib.urlopen(pageName) # open current site getSitesoup = BeautifulSoup(getSite.read()) # reading the site content print getSitesoup.originalEncoding for value in getSitesoup.find_all('link'): # extract all <a> tags defLinks.append(value.get('href')) The result of it: /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/bs4/dammit.py:231: UnicodeWarning: Some characters could not be decoded, and were replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER. "Some characters could not be decoded, and were " And when i try to read the site i get: ?7?e????0*"I??G?H????F??????9-??????;??E?YÞBs????????????4i???)?????^W?????`w?Ke??%??*9?.'OQB???V??@?????]???(P??^??q?$?S5???tT*?Z

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  • How do I get javascript results using selenium?

    - by Seth
    I have the following code: from selenium import selenium selenium = selenium("localhost", 4444, "*chrome", "http://some_site.com/") selenium.start() sel = selenium sel.open("/") sel.type("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SuburbTownTextBox", "Adelaide,SA,5000") sel.click("ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SearchImageButton") #text = sel.get_body_text() text = sel.get_html_source() print(text) The click executes a javascript file which then produces results on the same page. Obviously print(text) will only print the orignal html source. How do I get to the results of the javascript?

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  • How to retrieve view of MultiIndex DataFrame

    - by Henry S. Harrison
    This question was inspired by this question. I had the same problem, updating a MultiIndex DataFrame by selection. The drop_level=False solution in Pandas 0.13 will allow me to achieve the same result, but I am still wondering why I cannot get a view from the MultiIndex DataFrame. In other words, why does this not work?: >>> sat = d.xs('sat', level='day', copy=False) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\frame.py", line 2248, in xs raise ValueError('Cannot retrieve view (copy=False)') ValueError: Cannot retrieve view (copy=False) Of course it could be only because it is not implemented, but is there a reason? Is it somehow ambiguous or impossible to implement? Returning a view is more intuitive to me than returning a copy then later updating the original. I looked through the source and it seems this situation is checked explicitly to raise an error. Alternatively, is it possible to get the same sort of view from any of the other indexing methods? I've experimented but have not been successful. [edit] Some potential implementations are discussed here. I guess with the last question above I'm wondering what the current best solution is to index into arbitrary multiindex slices and cross-sections.

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  • Execute function without sending 'self' to it

    - by Sergey
    Is that possible to define a function without referencing to self this way? def myfunc(var_a,var_b) But so that it could also get sender data, like if I defined it like this: def myfunc(self, var_a,var_b) That self is always the same so it looks a little redundant here always to run a function this way: myfunc(self,'data_a','data_b'). Then I would like to get its data in the function like this sender.fields. UPDATE: Here is some code to understand better what I mean. The class below is used to show a page based on Jinja2 templates engine for users to sign up. class SignupHandler(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self, *args, **kwargs): utils.render_template(self, 'signup.html') And this code below is a render_template that I created as wrapper to Jinja2 functions to use it more conveniently in my project: def render_template(response, template_name, vars=dict(), is_string=False): template_dirs = [os.path.join(root(), 'templates')] logging.info(template_dirs[0]) env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(template_dirs)) try: template = env.get_template(template_name) except TemplateNotFound: raise TemplateNotFound(template_name) content = template.render(vars) if is_string: return content else: response.response.out.write(content) As I use this function render_template very often in my project and usually the same way, just with different template files, I wondered if there was a way to get rid of having to call it like I do it now, with self as the first argument but still having access to that object.

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  • Convert args to flat list?

    - by Mark
    I know this is very similar to a few other questions, but I can't quite get this function to work correctly. def flatten(*args): return list(item for iterable in args for item in iterable) The output I'm looking for is: flatten(1) -> [1] flatten(1,[2]) -> [1, 2] flatten([1,[2]]) -> [1, 2] The current function, which I from another SO answer doesn't seem to produce correct results at all: >>> flatten([1,[2]]) [1, [2]] I wrote the following function which seems to work for 0 or 1 levels of nesting, but not deeper: def flatten(*args): output = [] for arg in args: if hasattr(arg, '__iter__'): output += arg else: output += [arg] return output

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  • Can SQLAlchemy DateTime Objects Only Be Naive?

    - by Sean M
    I am working with SQLAlchemy, and I'm not yet sure which database I'll use under it, so I want to remain as DB-agnostic as possible. How can I store a timezone-aware datetime object in the DB without tying myself to a specific database? Right now, I'm making sure that times are UTC before I store them in the DB, and converting to localized at display-time, but that feels inelegant and brittle. Is there a DB-agnostic way to get a timezone-aware datetime out of SQLAlchemy instead of getting naive datatime objects out of the DB?

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  • Designing a Tag table that tells how many times it's used

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I am trying to design a tagging system with a model like this: Tag: content = CharField creator = ForeignKey used = IntergerField It is a many-to-many relationship between tags and what's been tagged. Everytime I insert a record into the assotication table, Tag.used is incremented by one, and decremented by one in case of deletion. Tag.used is maintained because I want to speed up answering the question 'How many times this tag is used?'. However, this seems to slow insertion down obviously. Please tell me how to improve this design. Thanks in advance.

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  • How do I use Django to insert a Geometry Field into the database?

    - by alex
    class LocationLog(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) utm = models.GeometryField(spatial_index=True) This is my database model. I would like to insert a row. I want to insert a circle at point -55, 333. With a radius of 10. How can I put this circle into the geometry field? Of course, then I would want to check which circles overlap a given circle. (my select statement)

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  • Error -3 while decompressing data: incorrect header check

    - by Rahul99
    I have .zip file which contain csv data. I am reading .zip file using <input type = "file" name = "select_file"/> I want to decompress that .zip file and read csv data. file_data = self.request.get('select_file') file_str = zlib.decompress(file_data) #file_data_list = file_str.split('\n') #file_Reader = csv.reader(file_data_list,quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE ) I am expecting csv data in file_str but I am getting error. error :: Error -3 while decompressing data: incorrect header check What I have to use?

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  • Which webserver to use with bottle?

    - by luc
    Bottle can use several webservers: Build-in HTTP development server and support for paste, fapws3, flup, cherrypy or any other WSGI capable server. I am using bottle for a desktop-app and I guess that the development server is enough in this case. I would like to know if some of you have experience with one of the alternative server. Which server for which purpose? Thanks in advance

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  • Pygame Sprite/Font rendering issues

    - by Grimless
    Hey guys. Here's my problem: I have a game class that maintains a HUD overlay that has a bunch of elements, including header and footer background sprites. Everything was working fine until I added a 1024x128 footer sprite. Now two of my text labels will not render, despite the fact that they DO exist in my Group and self.elements array. Is there something I'm missing? When I take out the footerHUDImage line, all of the labels render correctly and everything works fine. When I add the footerHUDImage, two of the labels (the first two) no longer render and the third only sometimes renders. HELP PLEASE! Here is the code: class AoWHUD (object): def __init__(self, screen, delegate, dataSource): self.delegate = delegate self.dataSource = dataSource self.elements = [] headerHudImage = KJRImage("HUDBackground.png") self.elements.append(headerHudImage) headerHudImage.userInteractionEnabled = True footerHUDImage = KJRImage("ControlsBackground.png") self.elements.append(footerHUDImage) footerHUDImage.rect.bottom = screen.get_rect().height footerHUDImage.userInteractionEnabled = True lumberMessage = "Lumber: " + str(self.dataSource.lumber) lumberLabel = KJRLabel(lumberMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) lumberLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 0, 0) self.elements.append(lumberLabel) stoneMessage = "Stone: " + str(self.dataSource.stone) stoneLabel = KJRLabel(stoneMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) stoneLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 1, 0) self.elements.append(stoneLabel) metalMessage = "Metal: " + str(self.dataSource.metal) metalLabel = KJRLabel(metalMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) metalLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 2, 0) self.elements.append(metalLabel) foodMessage = "Food: " + str(len(self.dataSource.units)) + "/" + str(self.dataSource.food) foodLabel = KJRLabel(foodMessage, size = 48, color = (240, 200, 10)) foodLabel.rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 3, 0) self.elements.append(foodLabel) self.selectionSprites = {32 : pygame.image.load("Selected32.png").convert_alpha(), 64 : pygame.image.load("Selected64.png")} self._sprites_ = pygame.sprite.Group() for e in self.elements: self._sprites_.add(e) print self.elements def draw(self, screen): if self.dataSource.resourcesChanged: lumberMessage = "Lumber: " + str(self.dataSource.lumber) stoneMessage = "Stone: " + str(self.dataSource.stone) metalMessage = "Metal: " + str(self.dataSource.metal) foodMessage = "Food: " + str(len(self.dataSource.units)) + "/" + str(self.dataSource.food) self.elements[2].setText(lumberMessage) self.elements[2].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 0, 0) self.elements[3].setText(stoneMessage) self.elements[3].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 1, 0) self.elements[4].setText(metalMessage) self.elements[4].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 2, 0) self.elements[5].setText(foodMessage) self.elements[5].rect.topleft = (_kSpacingMultiple * 3, 0) self.dataSource.resourcesChanged = False self._sprites_.draw(screen) if self.delegate.selectedUnit: theSelectionSprite = self.selectionSprites[self.delegate.selectedUnit.rect.width] screen.blit(theSelectionSprite, self.delegate.selectedUnit.rect)

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  • How do I call setattr() on the current module?

    - by Matt Joiner
    What do I pass as the first parameter "object" to the function setattr(object, name, value), to set variables on the current module? For example: setattr(object, "SOME_CONSTANT", 42); giving the same effect as: SOME_CONSTANT = 42 within the module containing these lines (with the correct object). I'm generate several values at the module level dynamically, and as I can't define __getattr__ at the module level, this is my fallback.

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  • Dynamically setting the queryset of a ModelMultipleChoiceField to a custom recordset

    - by Daniel Quinn
    I've seen all the howtos about how you can set a ModelMultipleChoiceField to use a custom queryset and I've tried them and they work. However, they all use the same paradigm: the queryset is just a filtered list of the same objects. In my case, I'm trying to get the admin to draw a multiselect form that instead of using usernames as the text portion of the , I'd like to use the name field from my account class. Here's a breakdown of what I've got: # models.py class Account(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128,help_text="A display name that people understand") user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) # Tied to the User class in settings.py class Organisation(models.Model): administrators = models.ManyToManyField(User) # admin.py from django.forms import ModelMultipleChoiceField from django.contrib.auth.models import User class OrganisationAdminForm(forms.ModelForm): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): from ethico.accounts.models import Account self.base_fields["administrators"] = ModelMultipleChoiceField( queryset=User.objects.all(), required=False ) super(OrganisationAdminForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) class Meta: model = Organisation This works, however, I want queryset above to draw a selectbox with the Account.name property and the User.id property. This didn't work: queryset=Account.objects.all().order_by("name").values_list("user","name") It failed with this error: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'pk' I figured that this would be easy, but it's turned into hours of dead-ends. Anyone care to shed some light?

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  • Removing a node from a linked list

    - by lost_with_coding
    I would like to create a delete_node function that deletes the node at the location in the list as a count from the first node. So far this is the code I have: class node: def __init__(self): self.data = None # contains the data self.next = None # contains the reference to the next node class linked_list: def __init__(self): self.cur_node = None def add_node(self, data): new_node = node() # create a new node new_node.data = data new_node.next = self.cur_node # link the new node to the 'previous' node. self.cur_node = new_node # set the current node to the new one. def list_print(self): node = ll.cur_node while node: print node.data node = node.next def delete_node(self,location): node = ll.cur_node count = 0 while count != location: node = node.next count+=1 delete node ll = linked_list() ll.add_node(1) ll.add_node(2) ll.add_node(3) ll.list_print()

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  • Search a variable for an address

    - by chrissygormley
    Hello, I am trying to match information stored in a variable. I have a list of uuid's and ip addresses beside them. The code I have is: r = re.compile(r'urn:uuid:5EEF382F-JSQ9-3c45-D5E0-K15X8M8K76') m = r.match(str(serv)) if m1: print'Found' The string serv contains is: urn:uuid:7FDS890A-KD9E-3h53-G7E8-BHJSD6789D:[u'http://10.10.10.20:12365/7FDS890A-KD9E-3h53-G7E8-BHJSD6789D/'] --------------------------------------------- urn:uuid:5EEF382F-JSQ9-3c45-D5E0-K15X8M8K76:[u'http://10.10.10.10:42365'] --------------------------------------------- urn:uuid:8DSGF89S-FS90-5c87-K3DF-SDFU890US9:[u'http://10.10.10.40:5234'] --------------------------------------------- So basically I am wanting to find the uuid string and find out what it's address is and store it as a variable. So far I have just tried to get it to match the string to no avail. Can anyone point out a solution to this. Thanks

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  • initialize a numpy array

    - by Curious2learn
    Is there way to initialize a numpy array of a shape and add to it? I will explain what I need with a list example. If I want to create a list of objects generated in a loop, I can do: a = [] for i in range(5): a.append(i) I want to do something similar with a numpy array. I know about vstack, concatenate etc. However, it seems these require two numpy arrays as inputs. What I need is: big_array # Initially empty. This is where I don't know what to specify for i in range(5): array i of shape = (2,4) created. add to big_array The big_array should have a shape (10,4). How to do this? Thanks for your help.

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  • Why is win32com so much slower than xlrd?

    - by Josh
    I have the same code, written using win32com and xlrd. xlrd preforms the algorithm in less than a second, while win32com takes minutes. Here is the win32com: def makeDict(ws): """makes dict with key as header name, value as tuple of column begin and column end (inclusive)""" wsHeaders = {} # key is header name, value is column begin and end inclusive for cnum in xrange(9, find_last_col(ws)): if ws.Cells(7, cnum).Value: wsHeaders[str(ws.Cells(7, cnum).Value)] = (cnum, find_last_col(ws)) for cend in xrange(cnum + 1, find_last_col(ws)): #finds end column if ws.Cells(7, cend).Value: wsHeaders[str(ws.Cells(7, cnum).Value)] = (cnum, cend - 1) break return wsHeaders And the xlrd def makeDict(ws): """makes dict with key as header name, value as tuple of column begin and column end (inclusive)""" wsHeaders = {} # key is header name, value is column begin and end inclusive for cnum in xrange(8, ws.ncols): if ws.cell_value(6, cnum): wsHeaders[str(ws.cell_value(6, cnum))] = (cnum, ws.ncols) for cend in xrange(cnum + 1, ws.ncols):#finds end column if ws.cell_value(6, cend): wsHeaders[str(ws.cell_value(6, cnum))] = (cnum, cend - 1) break return wsHeaders

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  • The dictionary need to add every word in SpellingMistakes and the line number but it only adds the l

    - by Will Boomsight
    modules import sys import string Importing and reading the files form the Command Prompt Document = open(sys.argv[1],"r") Document = open('Wc.txt', 'r') Document = Document.read().lower() Dictionary = open(sys.argv[2],"r") Dictionary = open('Dict.txt', 'r') Dictionary = Dictionary.read() def Format(Infile): for ch in string.punctuation: Infile = Infile.replace(ch, "") for no in string.digits: Infile = Infile.replace(no, " ") Infile = Infile.lower() return(Infile) def Corrections(Infile, DictWords): Misspelled = set([]) Infile = Infile.split() DictWords = DictWords.splitlines() for word in Infile: if word not in DictWords: Misspelled.add(word) Misspelled = sorted(Misspelled) return (Misspelled) def Linecheck(Infile,ErrorWords): Infile = Infile.split() lineno = 0 Noset = list() for line in Infile: lineno += 1 line = line.split() for word in line: if word == ErrorWords: Noset.append(lineno) sorted(Noset) return(Noset) def addkey(error,linenum): Nodict = {} for line in linenum: Nodict.setdefault(error,[]).append(linenum) return Nodict FormatDoc = Format(Document) SpellingMistakes = Corrections(FormatDoc,Dictionary) alp = str(SpellingMistakes) for word in SpellingMistakes: nSet = str(Linecheck(FormatDoc,word)) nSet = nSet.split() linelist = addkey(word, nSet) print(linelist) # # for word in Nodict.keys(): # Nodict[word].append(line) Prints each incorrect word on a new line

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  • Is using os.path.abspath to validate an untrusted filename's location secure?

    - by mcmt
    I don't think I'm missing anything. Then again I'm kind of a newbie. def GET(self, filename): name = urllib.unquote(filename) full = path.abspath(path.join(STATIC_PATH, filename)) #Make sure request is not tricksy and tries to get out of #the directory, e.g. filename = "../.ssh/id_rsa". GET OUTTA HERE assert full[:len(STATIC_PATH)] == STATIC_PATH, "bad path" return open(full).read() Edit: I realize this will return the wrong HTTP error code if the file doesn't exist (at least under web.py). I will fix this.

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