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• Array or array element in C?

  - by user3646717

  I'm reading a book about C programming, and I'm not sure whether there is an error in the book or not. Its about arrays and has the following array example: Then it says: The following statements sets all the elements in row 2 of array to zero: for( column = 0; column <= 3; column++) a[ 2 ][ column ] = 0; The preceding for statement is equivalent to the assignment statements: a[ 2 ][ 0 ] = 0; a[ 2 ][ 1 ] = 0; a[ 2 ][ 2 ] = 0; a[ 2 ][ 3 ] = 0; Shouldn't it say "The following statements sets all the elements in row 1 to zero"?. Because if I say a[ 3 ] I am talking about the row 2, if I say a[ 2 ] I am talking about row 1 and if I say a[ 1 ] I am talking about row 0.

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• SQL03070: This statement is not recognized in this context

  - by prash

  Recently I have started working with VS2010 and Fx4. There have been various challenges. We also introduced a new Database Project in our solution. And found this error. The reason for this error is: the project system expects the stored procedure as a create statement only.  The additional statements to drop if existing are not necessary within the project system.  Project deployment takes care of detecting if the sproc already exists and if it needs to be updated. To resolve this error you can simply remove the additional statements other then your create SP, Function etc. OR Exclude the file from build. Right Click on your file in Solution Explorer, Click Properties > Build Action > Not in Build

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• Transforming Business Logic into Web Services Using DB2 9.5 and IBM Data Studio

  Learn how to take business logic such as stored procedures, functions, or SQL statements and turn them into a Web service.

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• SQL Developer: Why Do You Require Semicolons When Executing SQL in the Worksheet?

  - by thatjeffsmith

  There are many database tools out there that support Oracle database. Oracle SQL Developer just happens to be the one that is produced and shipped by the same folks that bring you the database product. Several other 3rd party tools out there allow you to have a collection of SQL statements in their editor and execute them without requiring a statement delimiter (usually a semicolon.) Let’s look at a quick example: select * from scott.emp select * from hr.employees delete from HR_COPY.BEER where HR_COPY.BEER.STATE like '%West Virginia% In some tools, you can simply place your cursor on say the 2nd statement and ask to execute that statement. The tool assumes that the blank line between it and the next statement, a DELETE, serves as a statement delimiter. This is not bad in and of itself. However, it is very important to understand how your tools work. If you were to try the same trick by running the delete statement, it would empty my entire BEER table instead of just trimming out the breweries from my home state. SQL Developer only executes what you ask it to execute You can paste this same code into SQL Developer and run it without problems and without having to add semicolons to your statements. Highlight what you want executed, and hit Ctrl-Enter If you don’t highlight the text, here’s what you’ll see: See the statement at the cursor vs what SQL Developer actually executed? The parser looks for a query and keeps going until the statement is terminated with a semicolon – UNLESS it’s highlighted, then it assumes you only want to execute what is highlighted. In both cases you are being explicit with what is being sent to the database. Again, there’s not necessarily a ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ debate here. What you need to be aware of is the differences and to learn new workflows if you are moving from other database tools to Oracle SQL Developer. I say, when in doubt, back away from the tool, especially if you’re in production. Oh, and to answer the original question… Because we’re trying to emulate SQL*Plus behavior. You end statements in SQL*Plus with delimiters, and the default delimiter is a semicolon.

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• Commit in SQL

  - by PRajkumar

  SQL Transaction Control Language Commands (TCL)                                           (COMMIT) Commit Transaction As a SQL language we use transaction control language very frequently. Committing a transaction means making permanent the changes performed by the SQL statements within the transaction. A transaction is a sequence of SQL statements that Oracle Database treats as a single unit. This statement also erases all save points in the transaction and releases transaction locks. Oracle Database issues an implicit COMMIT before and after any data definition language (DDL) statement. Oracle recommends that you explicitly end every transaction in your application programs with a COMMIT or ROLLBACK statement, including the last transaction, before disconnecting from Oracle Database. If you do not explicitly commit the transaction and the program terminates abnormally, then the last uncommitted transaction is automatically rolled back.   Until you commit a transaction: ·         You can see any changes you have made during the transaction by querying the modified tables, but other users cannot see the changes. After you commit the transaction, the changes are visible to other users' statements that execute after the commit ·         You can roll back (undo) any changes made during the transaction with the ROLLBACK statement   Note: Most of the people think that when we type commit data or changes of what you have made has been written to data files, but this is wrong when you type commit it means that you are saying that your job has been completed and respective verification will be done by oracle engine that means it checks whether your transaction achieved consistency when it finds ok it sends a commit message to the user from log buffer but not from data buffer, so after writing data in log buffer it insists data buffer to write data in to data files, this is how it works.   Before a transaction that modifies data is committed, the following has occurred: ·         Oracle has generated undo information. The undo information contains the old data values changed by the SQL statements of the transaction ·         Oracle has generated redo log entries in the redo log buffer of the System Global Area (SGA). The redo log record contains the change to the data block and the change to the rollback block. These changes may go to disk before a transaction is committed ·         The changes have been made to the database buffers of the SGA. These changes may go to disk before a transaction is committed   Note:   The data changes for a committed transaction, stored in the database buffers of the SGA, are not necessarily written immediately to the data files by the database writer (DBWn) background process. This writing takes place when it is most efficient for the database to do so. It can happen before the transaction commits or, alternatively, it can happen some times after the transaction commits.   When a transaction is committed, the following occurs: 1.      The internal transaction table for the associated undo table space records that the transaction has committed, and the corresponding unique system change number (SCN) of the transaction is assigned and recorded in the table 2.      The log writer process (LGWR) writes redo log entries in the SGA's redo log buffers to the redo log file. It also writes the transaction's SCN to the redo log file. This atomic event constitutes the commit of the transaction 3.      Oracle releases locks held on rows and tables 4.      Oracle marks the transaction complete   Note:   The default behavior is for LGWR to write redo to the online redo log files synchronously and for transactions to wait for the redo to go to disk before returning a commit to the user. However, for lower transaction commit latency application developers can specify that redo be written asynchronously and that transaction do not need to wait for the redo to be on disk.   The syntax of Commit Statement is   COMMIT [WORK] [COMMENT ‘your comment’]; ·         WORK is optional. The WORK keyword is supported for compliance with standard SQL. The statements COMMIT and COMMIT WORK are equivalent. Examples Committing an Insert INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (val1, val2); COMMIT WORK; ·         COMMENT Comment is also optional. This clause is supported for backward compatibility. Oracle recommends that you used named transactions instead of commit comments. Specify a comment to be associated with the current transaction. The 'text' is a quoted literal of up to 255 bytes that Oracle Database stores in the data dictionary view DBA_2PC_PENDING along with the transaction ID if a distributed transaction becomes in doubt. This comment can help you diagnose the failure of a distributed transaction. Examples The following statement commits the current transaction and associates a comment with it: COMMIT     COMMENT 'In-doubt transaction Code 36, Call (415) 555-2637'; ·         WRITE Clause Use this clause to specify the priority with which the redo information generated by the commit operation is written to the redo log. This clause can improve performance by reducing latency, thus eliminating the wait for an I/O to the redo log. Use this clause to improve response time in environments with stringent response time requirements where the following conditions apply: The volume of update transactions is large, requiring that the redo log be written to disk frequently. The application can tolerate the loss of an asynchronously committed transaction. The latency contributed by waiting for the redo log write to occur contributes significantly to overall response time. You can specify the WAIT | NOWAIT and IMMEDIATE | BATCH clauses in any order. Examples To commit the same insert operation and instruct the database to buffer the change to the redo log, without initiating disk I/O, use the following COMMIT statement: COMMIT WRITE BATCH; Note: If you omit this clause, then the behavior of the commit operation is controlled by the COMMIT_WRITE initialization parameter, if it has been set. The default value of the parameter is the same as the default for this clause. Therefore, if the parameter has not been set and you omit this clause, then commit records are written to disk before control is returned to the user. WAIT | NOWAIT Use these clauses to specify when control returns to the user. The WAIT parameter ensures that the commit will return only after the corresponding redo is persistent in the online redo log. Whether in BATCH or IMMEDIATE mode, when the client receives a successful return from this COMMIT statement, the transaction has been committed to durable media. A crash occurring after a successful write to the log can prevent the success message from returning to the client. In this case the client cannot tell whether or not the transaction committed. The NOWAIT parameter causes the commit to return to the client whether or not the write to the redo log has completed. This behavior can increase transaction throughput. With the WAIT parameter, if the commit message is received, then you can be sure that no data has been lost. Caution: With NOWAIT, a crash occurring after the commit message is received, but before the redo log record(s) are written, can falsely indicate to a transaction that its changes are persistent. If you omit this clause, then the transaction commits with the WAIT behavior. IMMEDIATE | BATCH Use these clauses to specify when the redo is written to the log. The IMMEDIATE parameter causes the log writer process (LGWR) to write the transaction's redo information to the log. This operation option forces a disk I/O, so it can reduce transaction throughput. The BATCH parameter causes the redo to be buffered to the redo log, along with other concurrently executing transactions. When sufficient redo information is collected, a disk write of the redo log is initiated. This behavior is called "group commit", as redo for multiple transactions is written to the log in a single I/O operation. If you omit this clause, then the transaction commits with the IMMEDIATE behavior. ·         FORCE Clause Use this clause to manually commit an in-doubt distributed transaction or a corrupt transaction. ·         In a distributed database system, the FORCE string [, integer] clause lets you manually commit an in-doubt distributed transaction. The transaction is identified by the 'string' containing its local or global transaction ID. To find the IDs of such transactions, query the data dictionary view DBA_2PC_PENDING. You can use integer to specifically assign the transaction a system change number (SCN). If you omit integer, then the transaction is committed using the current SCN. ·         The FORCE CORRUPT_XID 'string' clause lets you manually commit a single corrupt transaction, where string is the ID of the corrupt transaction. Query the V$CORRUPT_XID_LIST data dictionary view to find the transaction IDs of corrupt transactions. You must have DBA privileges to view the V$CORRUPT_XID_LIST and to specify this clause. ·         Specify FORCE CORRUPT_XID_ALL to manually commit all corrupt transactions. You must have DBA privileges to specify this clause. Examples Forcing an in doubt transaction. Example The following statement manually commits a hypothetical in-doubt distributed transaction. Query the V$CORRUPT_XID_LIST data dictionary view to find the transaction IDs of corrupt transactions. You must have DBA privileges to view the V$CORRUPT_XID_LIST and to issue this statement. COMMIT FORCE '22.57.53';

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• Analysing and measuring the performance of a .NET application (survey results)

  - by Laila

  Back in December last year, I asked myself: could it be that .NET developers think that you need three days and a PhD to do performance profiling on their code? What if developers are shunning profilers because they perceive them as too complex to use? If so, then what method do they use to measure and analyse the performance of their .NET applications? Do they even care about performance? So, a few weeks ago, I decided to get a 1-minute survey up and running in the hopes that some good, hard data would clear the matter up once and for all. I posted the survey on Simple Talk and got help from a few people to promote it. The survey consisted of 3 simple questions: Amazingly, 533 developers took the time to respond - which means I had enough data to get representative results! So before I go any further, I would like to thank all of you who contributed, because I now have some pretty good answers to the troubling questions I was asking myself. To thank you properly, I thought I would share some of the results with you. First of all, application performance is indeed important to most of you. In fact, performance is an intrinsic part of the development cycle for a good 40% of you, which is much higher than I had anticipated, I have to admit. (I know, "Have a little faith Laila!") When asked what tool you use to measure and analyse application performance, I found that nearly half of the respondents use logging statements, a third use performance counters, and 70% of respondents use a profiler of some sort (a 3rd party performance profilers, the CLR profiler or the Visual Studio profiler). The importance attributed to logging statements did surprise me a little. I am still not sure why somebody would go to the trouble of manually instrumenting code in order to measure its performance, instead of just using a profiler. I personally find the process of annotating code, calculating times from log files, and relating it all back to your source terrifyingly laborious. Not to mention that you then need to remember to turn it all off later! Even when you have logging in place throughout all your code anyway, you still have a fair amount of potentially error-prone calculation to sift through the results; in addition, you'll only get method-level rather than line-level timings, and you won't get timings from any framework or library methods you don't have source for. To top it all, we all know that bottlenecks are rarely where you would expect them to be, so you could be wasting time looking for a performance problem in the wrong place. On the other hand, profilers do all the work for you: they automatically collect the CPU and wall-clock timings, and present the results from method timing all the way down to individual lines of code. Maybe I'm missing a trick. I would love to know about the types of scenarios where you actively prefer to use logging statements. Finally, while a third of the respondents didn't have a strong opinion about code performance profilers, those who had an opinion thought that they were mainly complex to use and time consuming. Three respondents in particular summarised this perfectly: "sometimes, they are rather complex to use, adding an additional time-sink to the process of trying to resolve the existing problem". "they are simple to use, but the results are hard to understand" "Complex to find the more advanced things, easy to find some low hanging fruit". These results confirmed my suspicions: Profilers are seen to be designed for more advanced users who can use them effectively and make sense of the results. I found yet more interesting information when I started comparing samples of "developers for whom performance is an important part of the dev cycle", with those "to whom performance is only looked at in times of crisis", and "developers to whom performance is not important, as long as the app works". See the three graphs below. Sample of developers to whom performance is an important part of the dev cycle: Sample of developers to whom performance is important only in times of crisis: Sample of developers to whom performance is not important, as long as the app works: As you can see, there is a strong correlation between the usage of a profiler and the importance attributed to performance: indeed, the more important performance is to a development team, the more likely they are to use a profiler. In addition, developers to whom performance is an important part of the dev cycle have a higher tendency to use a much wider range of methods for performance measurement and analysis. And, unsurprisingly, the less important performance is, the less varied the methods of measurement are. So all in all, to come back to my random questions: .NET developers do care about performance. Those who care the most use a wider range of performance measurement methods than those who care less. But overall, logging statements, performance counters and third party performance profilers are the performance measurement methods of choice for most developers. Finally, although most of you find code profilers complex to use, those of you who care the most about performance tend to use profilers more than those of you to whom performance is not so important.

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, June 13, 2011

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, June 13, 2011Popular ReleasesCommunity TFS Build Extensions: Alpha 1.0.0.4: Please see the Source Control change sets for updates in this release This is a minor release to wrap up the BuildReport activity This release contains signed assemblies and a CHM file. Effort is now going into improving the documentation. Note the help on the Guid activity. We plan to provide Actions and a self contained Sequence sample whenever possible. This should address most peoples needs. You can expect frequent updates over the next month as we add more activities and improve the ...Mobile Device Detection and Redirection: 1.0.4.1: Stable Release 51 Degrees.mobi Foundation is the best way to detect and redirect mobile devices and their capabilities on ASP.NET and is being used on thousands of websites worldwide. We’re highly confident in our software and we recommend all users update to this version. Changes to Version 1.0.4.1Changed the BlackberryHandler and BlackberryVersion6Handler to have equal CONFIDENCE values to ensure they both get a chance at detecting BlackBerry version 4&5 and version 6 devices. Prior to thi...Rawr: Rawr 4.1.06: This is the Downloadable WPF version of Rawr!For web-based version see http://elitistjerks.com/rawr.php You can find the version notes at: http://rawr.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=VersionNotes Rawr AddonWe now have a Rawr Official Addon for in-game exporting and importing of character data hosted on Curse. The Addon does not perform calculations like Rawr, it simply shows your exported Rawr data in wow tooltips and lets you export your character to Rawr (including bag and bank items) like Char...AcDown????? - Anime&Comic Downloader: AcDown????? v3.0 Beta6: ??AcDown?????????????，?????????????，????、????。?????Acfun????? ????32??64? Windows XP/Vista/7 ????????????? ??：????????Windows XP???,?????????.NET Framework 2.0???(x86)?.NET Framework 2.0???(x64)，?????"?????????"??? ??v3.0 Beta6 ?????(imanhua.com)????? ???? ?? ??"????","?????","?????","????"?????? "????"?????"????????"?? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????????/???? ?? ????Windows 7???????????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ???????/??????????? ???????????? ?? ?? ?????(imanh...Microsoft Ajax Minifier: Microsoft Ajax Minifier 4.22: Added lots of optimizations related to expression optimization. Combining adjacent expression statements into a single statement means more if-, for-, and while-statements can get rid of the curly-braces. Then more if-statements can be converted to expressions, and more expressions can be combined with return- and for-statements. Moving functions to the top of their scopes, followed by var-statements, provides more opportunities for expression-combination. Added command-line option to remove ...Pulse: Pulse Beta 2: - Added new wallpapers provider http://wallbase.cc. Supports english search, multiple keywords* - Improved font rendering in Options window - Added "Set wallpaper as logon background" option* - Fixed crashes if there is no internet connection - Fixed: Rewalls downloads empty images sometimes - Added filters* Note 1: wallbase provider supports only english search. Rewalls provider supports only russian search but Pulse automatically translates your english keyword into russian using Google Tr...SizeOnDisk: 1.0.8.4: Fix: Contextual menu failures. Switch to ShellExecuteEx of Win32Api.Phalanger - The PHP Language Compiler for the .NET Framework: 2.1 (June 2011) for .NET 4.0: Release of Phalanger 2.1 - the opensource PHP compiler for .NET framework 4.0. Installation package also includes basic version of Phalanger Tools for Visual Studio 2010. This allows you to easily create, build and debug Phalanger web or application inside this ultimate integrated development environment. You can even install the tools into the free Visual Studio 2010 Shell (Integrated). To improve the performance of your application using MySQL, please use Managed MySQL Extension for Phala...WPF Application Framework (WAF): WPF Application Framework (WAF) 2.0.0.7: Version: 2.0.0.7 (Milestone 7): This release contains the source code of the WPF Application Framework (WAF) and the sample applications. Requirements .NET Framework 4.0 (The package contains a solution file for Visual Studio 2010) The unit test projects require Visual Studio 2010 Professional Remark The sample applications are using Microsoft’s IoC container MEF. However, the WPF Application Framework (WAF) doesn’t force you to use the same IoC container in your application. You can use ...SimplePlanner: v2.0b: For 2011-2012 Sem 1 ???2011-2012 ????Visual Studio 2010 Help Downloader: 1.0.0.3: Domain name support for proxy Cleanup old packages bug Writing to EventLog with UAC enabled bug Small fixes & RefactoringMedia Companion: MC 3.406b weekly: With this version change a movie rebuild is required when first run -else MC will lock up on exit. Extract the entire archive to a folder which has user access rights, eg desktop, documents etc. Refer to the documentation on this site for the Installation & Setup Guide Important! If you find MC not displaying movie data properly, please try a 'movie rebuild' to reload the data from the nfo's into MC's cache. Fixes Movies Readded movie preference to rename invalid or scene nfo's to info ext...Windows Azure VM Assistant: AzureVMAssist V1.0.0.5: AzureVMAssist V1.0.0.5 (Debug) - Test Release VersionNetOffice - The easiest way to use Office in .NET: NetOffice Release 0.9: Changes: - fix examples (include issue 16026) - add new examples - 32Bit/64Bit Walkthrough is now available in technical Documentation. Includes: - Runtime Binaries and Source Code for .NET Framework:......v2.0, v3.0, v3.5, v4.0 - Tutorials in C# and VB.Net:..............................................................COM Proxy Management, Events, etc. - Examples in C# and VB.Net:............................................................Excel, Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, Access - COMAddi...Reusable Library: V1.1.3: A collection of reusable abstractions for enterprise application developerClosedXML - The easy way to OpenXML: ClosedXML 0.54.0: New on this release: 1) Mayor performance improvements. 2) AdjustToContents now take into account the text rotation. 3) Fixed issues 6782, 6784, 6788HTML-IDEx: HTML-IDEx .15 ALPHA: This release fixes line counting a little bit and adds the masshighlight() sub, which highlights pasted and inserted code.AutoLoL: AutoLoL v2.0.3: - Improved summoner spells are now displayed - Fixed some of the startup errors people got - Double clicking an item selects it - Some usability changes that make using AutoLoL just a little easier - Bug fixes AutoLoL v2 is not an update, but an entirely new version! Please install to a different directory than AutoLoL v1Host Profiles: Host Profiles 1.0: Host Profiles 1.0 Release Quickly modify host file Automatically flush dnsVidCoder: 0.9.2: Updated to HandBrake 4024svn. This fixes problems with mpeg2 sources: corrupted previews, incorrect progress indicators and encodes that incorrectly report as failed. Fixed a problem that prevented target sizes above 2048 MB.New ProjectsAFS - Application Foundation System: application foundation system,including organization structure,rights management,user management,event subscription etc.AuctionWorks: AuctionWorks 1.0Commander: CMD VB6 GUI a CMD application written in Visual Studio 2010 ultimate (VB6). Simple GUI interface, more functions to be addedCotizador de Serigrafia: Cotizador para Industrias SerigráficasESPGame: ESPGame renders a wonderful picture label game environment. It's developed in Python with web framework django.ETRoboCon Race Tracking System: The race tracking system of Embedded Technology Robot Contest in Japan.HNI2: get me at x.InkML JavaScript Library: The InkML JavaScript library allows InkML digital ink to be refernced within web pages and rendered directly into HTML5 <canvas> tags. Ink Markup Language (InkML) is a W3C standard for encoding digital ink (www.w3.org/tr/inkml). Ionut's C++ Programs: Ionut's C++ Programs Are you wondering were you can find software that suports any windows platform and the source code mai be compiled also for a NON-WINDOWS platforms. The Programs are Developed in C++ Mano Machine Emulator: Mano Machine Emulator makes it easier for Computer Science students to learn how the machine works in low level layers. You'll no longer have to imagine how the computer works, instead you will see how it works. It's developed in C#. MSMQ Client Library: MSMQ client library is a client for MSMQ server. It provides easy usage of MSMQ server, and can be used in any type of NET framework projects. It is developed in C#, Framework 4.0MVC Photos: ASP.NET MVC???????????。 mvcConf @:Japan???????????????。MvcPractice: learn the asp.net mvc3 source.Of Shared Points - Blog Demos and Samples: Blog samples and demonstration source code for "Of Shared Points" SharePoint blogPresentation Abstraction Control for Silverlight - PAC4SL: PAC4SL is a delivery framework used for developing Silverlight applications that uses the Presentation Abstraction Control delivery pattern. This delivery pattern is centered on team development with Silverlight. The focus of the pattern is spreading out of application logic into focused delivery tiers. The framework was developed in C# on the 4.0 framework and Silverlight 4.0 The framework is designed to be used with C# and Silverlight 4.0 or higher. queryexecutor: A generic database browserSilVM: MVVM, Silverlight, Arquitetura, ArchitectureSimple Dot Net Grapher: Demo project for drawing graphs based on a equation E.g F(x) = 5x^2 + 10x - 1 Just a math grapher I made to test the DynamicDataDisplay library and dynamic string evaluationSPEvolution: Migration for Microsoft SharePoint 2010 data - Content Types, List, Columns, ListItems and many other - in Rails-style. Write small evolution's steps which help to deploy and synchronize data schema beetween production and development environment. SQLDeploy.Net: SQLDeploy.Net is a utility to deploy [run] a set of SQL Scripts on SQL Server. The utility can be integrated with any deployment manager like Marimba , Hudson etc to automate database deployment. The project is developed on .Net Framework 4.0 but it is equally backward compatible. For a list of known issues and enhancements which are being worked upon, refer to Issue Tracker.webget: webgetwhoami: ip address resolverWPFGenie: about WPF, .Net, framework

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• SQL Trace challenge: a simple requirement

  - by Linchi Shea

  SQL Trace (or SQL Profiler) is no doubt an excellent tool. But its filtering capability is rather primitive, and is very poorly documented. Here is a request that is simple and seems to be rather reasonable. Create a trace to filter for the following: 1. All the update/delete statements, and 2. All the select/insert statements whose CPU column value is greater than 1000 or whose Duration value is greater than 1000 Now, I'm having a tough time creating a trace to meet this simple requirement. Perhaps,...(read more)

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• Nesting Linq-to-Objects query within Linq-to-Entities query –what is happening under the covers?

  - by carewithl

  var numbers = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; var contacts = from c in context.Contacts where c.ContactID == numbers.Max() | c.ContactID == numbers.FirstOrDefault() select c; foreach (var item in contacts) Console.WriteLine(item.ContactID); Linq-to-Entities query is first translated into Linq expression tree, which is then converted by Object Services into command tree. And if Linq-to-Entities query nests Linq-to-Objects query, then this nested query also gets translated into an expression tree. a) I assume none of the operators of the nested Linq-to-Objects query actually get executed, but instead data provider for particular DB (or perhaps Object Services) knows how to transform the logic of Linq-to-Objects operators into appropriate SQL statements? b) Data provider knows how to create equivalent SQL statements only for some of the Linq-to-Objects operators? c) Similarly, data provider knows how to create equivalent SQL statements only for some of the non-Linq methods in the Net Framework class library? EDIT: I know only some Sql so I can't be completely sure, but reading Sql query generated for the above code it seems data provider didn't actually execute numbers.Max method, but instead just somehow figured out that numbers.Max should return the maximum value and then proceed to include in generated Sql query a call to TSQL's build-in MAX function. It also put all the values held by numbers array into a Sql query. SELECT CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN '0X0X' ELSE '0X1X' END AS [C1], [Extent1].[ContactID] AS [ContactID], [Extent1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName], [Extent1].[LastName] AS [LastName], [Extent1].[Title] AS [Title], [Extent1].[AddDate] AS [AddDate], [Extent1].[ModifiedDate] AS [ModifiedDate], [Extent1].[RowVersion] AS [RowVersion], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[CustomerTypeID] END AS [C2], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[InitialDate] END AS [C3], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[PrimaryDesintation] END AS [C4], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[SecondaryDestination] END AS [C5], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[PrimaryActivity] END AS [C6], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[SecondaryActivity] END AS [C7], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[Notes] END AS [C8], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[RowVersion] END AS [C9], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[BirthDate] END AS [C10], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[HeightInches] END AS [C11], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[WeightPounds] END AS [C12], CASE WHEN (([Project1].[C1] = 1) AND ([Project1].[C1] IS NOT NULL)) THEN [Project1].[DietaryRestrictions] END AS [C13] FROM [dbo].[Contact] AS [Extent1] LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT [Extent2].[ContactID] AS [ContactID], [Extent2].[BirthDate] AS [BirthDate], [Extent2].[HeightInches] AS [HeightInches], [Extent2].[WeightPounds] AS [WeightPounds], [Extent2].[DietaryRestrictions] AS [DietaryRestrictions], [Extent3].[CustomerTypeID] AS [CustomerTypeID], [Extent3].[InitialDate] AS [InitialDate], [Extent3].[PrimaryDesintation] AS [PrimaryDesintation], [Extent3].[SecondaryDestination] AS [SecondaryDestination], [Extent3].[PrimaryActivity] AS [PrimaryActivity], [Extent3].[SecondaryActivity] AS [SecondaryActivity], [Extent3].[Notes] AS [Notes], [Extent3].[RowVersion] AS [RowVersion], cast(1 as bit) AS [C1] FROM [dbo].[ContactPersonalInfo] AS [Extent2] INNER JOIN [dbo].[Customers] AS [Extent3] ON [Extent2].[ContactID] = [Extent3].[ContactID]) AS [Project1] ON [Extent1].[ContactID] = [Project1].[ContactID] LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT TOP (1) [c].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll3].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll2].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll1].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable1] UNION ALL SELECT 2 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable2]) AS [UnionAll1] UNION ALL SELECT 3 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable3]) AS [UnionAll2] UNION ALL SELECT 4 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable4]) AS [UnionAll3] UNION ALL SELECT 5 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable5]) AS [c]) AS [Limit1] ON 1 = 1 LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT TOP (1) [c].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll7].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll6].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll5].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable6] UNION ALL SELECT 2 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable7]) AS [UnionAll5] UNION ALL SELECT 3 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable8]) AS [UnionAll6] UNION ALL SELECT 4 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable9]) AS [UnionAll7] UNION ALL SELECT 5 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable10]) AS [c]) AS [Limit2] ON 1 = 1 CROSS JOIN (SELECT MAX([UnionAll12].[C1]) AS [A1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll11].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll10].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT [UnionAll9].[C1] AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable11] UNION ALL SELECT 2 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable12]) AS [UnionAll9] UNION ALL SELECT 3 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable13]) AS [UnionAll10] UNION ALL SELECT 4 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable14]) AS [UnionAll11] UNION ALL SELECT 5 AS [C1] FROM (SELECT 1 AS X) AS [SingleRowTable15]) AS [UnionAll12]) AS [GroupBy1] WHERE [Extent1].[ContactID] IN ([GroupBy1].[A1], (CASE WHEN ([Limit1].[C1] IS NULL) THEN 0 ELSE [Limit2].[C1] END)) Based on this, is it possible that Linq2Entities provider indeed doesn't execute non-Linq and Linq-to-Object methods, but instead creates equivalent SQL statements for some of them ( and for others it throws an exception )? Thank you in advance

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• ETPM Environment Health Monitoring Tools

  - by Paula Speranza-Hadley

  This post is to provide some useful information about the tools typically used by Oracle ETPM implementations for performance tuning and analysis.   This includes tools to monitor and gather performance information and statistics on the Database, Application Server, and Client (browser).  Enterprise Monitoring Tools Oracle Enterprise Manager - OEM Grid Control comes with a comprehensive set of performance and health metrics that allow monitoring of key components in your environment such as applications, application servers, databases, as well as the back-end components on which they rely, such as hosts, operating systems and storage. Tools for the Database Oracle Diagnostics Pack Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)  - this tool gets statistics from memory abut the Time Model or DB Time, Wait Events, Active Session History and High Load SWL queries Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) - This self-diagnostic software is built into the database.  It examines and analyzes data captured in AWR to dertermine possible performance issues.  It locates the root cause of the issue, provides recommendations for correcting the issues and qualifies the expected benefit. Oracle Database Tuning Pack SQL Tuning Advisor - This enables you to submit one or more SQL statements as input and receive output in the form of specific advice or recommendations on how to tune statements.  The recommendation relates to collection of statistics on objects, creation on new indexes and restructuring of SQL statements. SQL Access Advisor - This enables you to optimize data access paths of SQL queries by recommending a proper set of materialized views, indexes and partitions for a given SQL workload. Tools for the Application Server Weblogic Console - is a web-based, user interface used to configure and control a set of WebLogic servers or clusters (i.e. a "domain").  In any logical group of WebLogic servers there must exist one admin server, which hosts the WebLogic Admin console application and manages the associated configuratoin files. WebLogic Administrators will use the Administration Console for a number of tasks, including: Starting and stopping WebLogic servers or entire clusters. Configuring server parameters, security, database connections and deployed applications. Viewing server status, health and metrics. Yourkit for Profiling - helps analyze synchronization issues, including: Which threads were calling wait(), and for how long Which threads were blocked on attempt to acquire a monitor held by another thread (synchronized methods/blocks), and for how long Tools for the Client Fiddler - allows you to inspect traffic logs, debug and set breakpoints. Firebug – allows you to inspect and edit HTML, monitor network activity and debug JavaScript

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• How can one manage thousands of IF...THEN...ELSE rules?

  - by David

  I am considering building an application, which, at its core, would consist of thousands of if...then...else statements. The purpose of the application is to be able to predict how cows move around in any landscape. They are affected by things like the sun, wind, food source, sudden events etc. How can such an application be managed? I imagine that after a few hundred IF-statements, it would be as good as unpredictable how the program would react and debugging what lead to a certain reaction would mean that one would have to traverse the whole IF-statement tree every time. I have read a bit about rules engines, but I do not see how they would get around this complexity.

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• Better way to do AI Behavior in AS3/Flixel

  - by joon

  I'm making a game in Flixel and I need to program an NPC. It's rapidly turning more complex than I expected. I was wondering if there are any best practices, tutorials or examples that you can refer me to, to see how this is done. I can probably hack it together, which is what I always do, but it would be nice if I can make it maintanable and can add stuff later on. Here's screenshot to give you an idea: The butler will be an NPC that will follow you, or guide you, and talk to you the whole time. EDIT: More specifically: What I have now is a long list of IF statements in the update loop of the butler (about 8 different cases), and all I have covered is his walking behavior. I want him to comment on things and sometimes switch his main behavior to be more aggresive or distant,... Is there any way to keep track of this, or is complex code with many many nested if statements the way to go?

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• NEW CERTIFICATION: Oracle Certified Expert, Oracle Database 11g Release 2 SQL Tuning

  - by Brandye Barrington

  Oracle Certification announces the release of the new Oracle Certified Expert, Oracle Database 11g Release 2 SQL Tuning certification. This certification is designed forDevelopers, Database Administrators and SQL developers who are proficient at tuning efficient SQL statements. This certification covers topics on core elements such as: identifying and tuning inefficient SQL statements, using automatic SQL tuning, managing optimizer statistics on database objects, implementing partitioning and analyizing queries. Beta testing for the Oracle Database 11g Release 2: SQL Tuning exam (1Z1-117) is now underway and thus is available at the greatly discounted rate of $50 USD. Visit pearsonvue.com/oracle and register for exam 1Z1-117. You can get all preparation details on the Oracle Certification website, including exam objectives, number of questions, time allotments, and pricing. QUICK LINKS: Certification Track: Oracle Certified Expert, Oracle Database 11g Release 2 SQL Tuning Certification Exam: Oracle Database 11g Release 2: SQL Tuning (1Z0-117) Certification Website: About Beta Exams Register Now: Pearson VUE

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• Beyond Syntax Highlighting - What other code representations are possible today?

  - by Mathieu Hélie

  Despite GUI applications having been around for 30ish years, software is still written as lines of text instructions, for various valid reasons. But we've also found that manipulating these text instructions is mind-blowingly difficult unless we apply a layer of coloring on different words to represent their syntax, thus allowing us to quickly parse through these text files without having to read the whole words. But besides the Sublime Text minimap feature, I've yet to see any innovation in visual representation of code since colors came around on CRT monitors. I can think of one obviously essential representation that modern graphics technology allows: visual hierarchies for nested structures. If we make nested text slightly smaller than its outer context, and zoom on it when the cursor is focused on the line, then we will be able to browse huge files of nested statements very quickly. This becomes even more essential as languages based on closures and anonymous functions become filled with deep statements. Has anyone attempted to implement this in a text editor? Do you know of any otherwise useful improvements in representing code text graphically?

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• Pre-Loading von Tabellen in 11g

  - by Ulrike Schwinn (DBA Community)

  Tabellen und Indizes in den Cache zu laden, damit möglichst wenig I/O durchgeführt wird, ist eine häufig anzutreffende Anforderung. Diese Technik nennt man auch Pre-Loading oder Pre-Caching von Datenbank Objekten. Die Durchführung ist dabei sehr einfach. Gleich zu Beginn werden spezielle SQL Statements wie SELECT Statements mit Full Table Scan oder Index Scan durchgeführt, damit die entsprechenden Objekte vollständig in den Cache geladen werden können. Besonders interessant ist dieser Aspekt auch im Zusammenhang mit der Erstellung von Testumgebungen. Falls beispielsweise kein Warmup möglich ist, kann man bevor der eigentliche Test durchgeführt wird, bestimmte Tabellen und Indizes mit dieser Technik vorab in den Buffer Cache laden.  Der folgende Artikel zeigt wie man eine Tabelle in 11g in den Buffer Cache laden kann und gibt Tipps zur Durchführung.

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• Several New Hints

  - by Ondrej Brejla

  Hi all! Today we would like to introduce you some of our new experimental hints for NetBeans 7.2. They are called: Unused Use Statement and Immutable Variables. Unused Use Statement This hint is quite simple. It highlights (underlines) your use statements, which are not used. Typical use case is after some refactoring, when you forgot to remove some obsolete use statements. This hint warns you on them and allows you to remove them easily. Just click on the hint bulb in the gutter and select Remove Unused Use Statement. And of course, it works in multiple use statements combined too. Immutable Variables The next one is the hint which checks too many assignments into a variable. And why? That's simple. Mostly you should use just one assignment into one variable. But sometimes you are lazy and you do something like: But it's quite wrong, because what you really do is: And that's exactly the case, when our new hint warns you, that Too many assignments (2) into variable $foo occured. Nothing more. Yes, we know that there are some cases, where could be more assignments and no warning should occur, e.g.: Because maybe one likes longer increment syntax more than the short one. So we tried to handle these cases to don't bother you if it's not a need. Note: We are almost sure that this hint doesn't cover all your use cases, because there are a lot of them. So if you find something strange, write it into our bugzilla so we can handle it better for you. Thanks for your patience! And the last thing is, that you can set the number of allowed assignments in Tools -> Options -> Editor -> Hints -> PHP: Immutable Variables. Note: This hint works just for a common variables, not for fields. We have an enhancement request for that and it should be implemented in next version of NetBeans (probably 7.3). And that's all for today and as usual, please test it and if you find something strange, don't hesitate to file a new issue (product php, component Editor). Thanks.

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• Seven Accounting Changes for 2010

  - by Theresa Hickman

  I read a very interesting article called Seven Accounting Changes That Will Affect Your 2010 Annual Report from SmartPros that nicely summarized how 2010 annual financial statements will be impacted.  Here’s a Reader’s Digest version of the changes: 1.  Changes to revenue recognition if you sell bundled products with multiple deliverables: Old Rule: You needed to objectively establish the “fair value” of each bundled item. So if you sold a dishwasher plus installation and could not establish the fair value of the installation, you might have to delay recognizing revenue of the dishwasher days or weeks later until it was installed. New Rule (ASU 2009-13): “Objective” proof of each service or good is no longer required; you can simply estimate the selling price of the installation and warranty. So the dishwasher vendor can recognize the dishwasher revenue immediately at the point of sale without waiting a few weeks for the installation. Then they can recognize the estimated value of the installation after it is complete. 2.  Changes to revenue recognition for devices with embedded software: Old Rule: Hardware devices with embedded software, such as the iPhone, had to follow stringent software revrec rules. This forced Apple to recognize iPhone revenues over two years, the period of time that software updates were provided. New Rule (ASU 2009-14): Software revrec rules no longer apply to these devices with embedded software; these devices can now follow ASU 2009-13. This allows vendors, such as Apple, to recognize revenue sooner. 3.  Fair value disclosures: Companies (both public and private) now need to spend extra time gathering, summarizing, and disclosing information about items measured at fair value, such as significant transfers in and out of Level 1(quoted market price), Level 2 (valuation based on observable markets), and Level 3 (valuations based on internal information). 4.  Consolidation of variable interest entities (a.k.a special purpose entities): Consolidation rules for variable interest entities now require a qualitative, not quantitative, analysis to determine the primary beneficiary. Instead of simply looking at the percentage of voting interests, the primary beneficiary could have less than the majority interests as long as it has the power to direct the activities and absorb any losses.  5.  XBRL: Starting in June 2011, all U.S. public companies are required to file financial statements to the SEC using XBRL. Note: Oracle supports XBRL reporting. 6.  Non-GAAP financial disclosures: Companies that report non-GAAP measures of performance, such as EBITDA in SEC filings, have more flexibility.  The new interpretations can be found here: http://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/guidance/nongaapinterp.htm.  7.  Loss contingencies disclosures: Companies should expect additional scrutiny of their loss disclosures, such as those from litigation losses, in their annual financial statements. The SEC wants more disclosures about loss contingencies sooner instead of after the cases are settled.

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• Calculate vector direction

  - by Starkers

  Is the direction angle always measured from the plus x axis? Does a vector in the +,+ quadrant always have a direction between 0 and 90, and in -,+ between 90 and 180 and in -,- between 180 and 270 and in -,+ between 270 and 360 ? Also, how should we calculate the direction using tan? Would that mean nested if statements to find out what quadrant we're in, and then applying the appropriate "work arounds"? E.g. If we were in the -,+ (like in the diagram) would we find the angle from the + axis would be 90 + tan^-1(y/x), the 90 + only used because we're in the -,+ quadrant. Also, that's just a quick solution, may be off, I just want to know if we use nested if statements to get the angle from the + x axis. Finally, should we find the distance in degrees or radians?

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• How and when is old-releases.ubuntu.com updated?

  - by muru

  The old-releases.ubuntu.com mirror hosts the repositories for EOL Ubuntu releases. The main page currently lists up to 11.10 (or 12.04.3 if you count point upgrades), but the dists page lists up to 13.04. Why the discrepancy? When will the main page be updated? When will the newest EOL release (13.10) be shifted here? I'd like documentation backing up answers, please. Priority of documentation: Statements by Mark Shuttleworth (on his blog or other public statements) Pages from the Official Ubuntu documentation Ubuntu mailing list discussions, Launchpad bug reports (or questions) or blueprints, etc. IRC discussion logs for official Ubuntu channels Random gossip on the street Community Wiki.

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• asp.net web apps: are OnServerValidate necessary with custom validators

  - by peroija

  I recently created a .net web app that used over 200 custom validators on one page. I wrote code for both ClientValidationFunction and OnServerValidate which results in a ton of repetitive code. My sql statements are parameterized, I have functions that pull data from input fields and validates them before passing to the sql statements or stored procedures. And the javascript validates the fields before the page submits. So essentially the data is clean and valid before it even hits the OnServerValidate and clean after it anyways due to the aforementioned steps. This makes me question, is OnServerValidate really needed when I validate on the clientside?

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• RadioButtons and Lambda Expressions

  - by MightyZot

  Radio buttons operate in groups. They are used to present mutually exclusive lists of options. Since I started programming in Windows 20 years ago, I have always been frustrated about how they are implemented. To make them operate as a group, you put your radio buttons in a group box. Conversely, to group radio buttons in HTML, you simply give them all the same name. Radio buttons with the same name or ID in HTML operate as one mutually exclusive group of options. In C#, all your radio buttons must have unique names and you use group boxes to group them. I’m in the process of converting some old code to C# and I’m tasked with creating a user control with groups of radio buttons on it. I started out writing the traditional switch…case statements to check the appropriate radio button based upon value, loops to uncheck them all, etc. Then it occurred to me that I could stick the radio buttons in a Dictionary or List and use Lambda expressions to make my code a lot more maintainable. So, here is what I ended up with: Here is a dictionary that contains my list of radio buttons and their values. I used their values as the keys, so that I can select them by value. Now, instead of using loops and switch…case statements to control the radio buttons, I use the lambda syntax and extension methods. Selecting a Radio Button by Value This code is inside of a property accessor, so “value” represents the value passed into the property accessor. The “First” extension method uses the delegate represented by the lambda expression to select the radio button (actually KeyValuePair) that represents the passed in value. Finally, the resulting checkbox is checked. Since the radio buttons are in the same group, they function as a group, the appropriate radio button is selected while the others are unselected. Reading the Value This is the get accessor for the property that returns the value of the checked radio button. Now, if you’re using binding, this code is likely not necessary; however, I didn’t want to use binding in this case, so I think this is a good alternative to the traditional loops and switch…case statements.

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• How to speak to a computer

  - by SalemSeven

  I am a self taught.. NEW..programmer. The language I chose was Objective-C so I can write for Apple products. I have learned the hard way that Objective-C has a steep learning curve but have forced myself to look at it over and over until I get it. I feel I am completing one major step and that is becoming very comfortable with the syntax and now as I enter the next big step...finding out what is possible with a computer language - I am thinking that all software is just developed within the confines of classes-loops-booleans-IF/OR statements-variables-etc. Is that a true assessment? When thinking of software in my head do I just need to learn to convert it all to arrays-loops/variables/classes - IF/OR statements - etc? Sorry if this question sounds funny but I am just learning how to take the language in my head and talk (what I think is) the language of a computer. Is there a good book or tutorial that helps illustrate how to speak computer speak?

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• If there's no problem treating a statement as an expression, why was there a distinction in the first place in some programming languages?

  - by cdmckay

  Why do we have the distinction between statements and expressions in most programming languages? For example, in Java, assuming f and g return ints, this still won't compile because it's a statement and statements don't return values. // won't compile int i = if (pred) { f(x); } else { g(x); } but in Scala, it's very happy with treating if as an expression. // compiles fine val i: Int = if (pred) f(x) else g(x) So if there's no problem treating an if statement as an expression, why was there a distinction in the first place?

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• JavaOne 2012: JDBC Community Discussion

  - by sowmya

  At JavaOne2012, Mark Biamonte of DataDirect Technologies and Lance Andersen of Oracle organized a discussion about JDBC. To learn more about using JDBC to develop database applications, see the JDBC trail in the Java Tutorials. You will know how to use the basic JDBC API to * create tables * insert values into them * query the tables * retrieve the results of the queries * update the tables In this process, you will learn how to use simple statements and prepared statements, and see an example of a stored procedure. You will also learn how to perform transactions and how to catch exceptions and warnings. - Sowmya

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• What are some really simple rules to keep a PHP codebase organized?

  - by wowest

  I'm new to PHP in a professional context. I want a few macro thumb rules to keep me on the enlightened path. Here are a few I'm proposing to myself: no absolute paths in include|require(_once)? statements no .. dirname(foo), or other means of walking up in include|require(_once)? statements put libs on the include path, not in subdirectories You can see that all of this is focusing on managing dependencies, because that is the problem I've encountered thus far. What other thumb-rule solutions to macro level problems do you have?

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