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  • What characteristic of a software determines its operational scope?

    - by Dark Star1
    How can I classify whether a software is a medium with the ability to grow into an enterprise level software or whether it is already there? And how should I use the information to choose the appropriate language/tool to create the software? At first I was asking whether Java or PHP is the best tool to design enterprise level software, however I've suddenly realized that I am unable to put the software I'm tasked with redesigning into the proper scope so I'm lost. Edit: I guess I'm looking for tell tale signs in software that may tip the favour towards enterprise level type software in the sense of functional and operational characteristics; functional: what it does (multi-functional), Architectural characteristics such as highly modular. operational: multi-sourced and multi-homed, databases, e.t.c. To be honest the reason I ask is because I'm skeptical about the use of PhP to design a piece of employee and partial accounting software. I'm more tipping towards the use of JSP and an hmvc framework such as JSF, wickets, e.t.c. where as the other guy wants to go the PhP way although I'm not experienced with PhP, as far as I know it's not an OO oriented language hence my skepticsm towards it.

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  • I'm a student learning C++ and I've recently found out about Ruby. Would learning (some of) Ruby help me with C++ or would it just confuse me?

    - by Von32
    Hi! As the title says, I'm a student that will be starting my second year of C++ very soon. I've discovered Ruby, however. While I've heard much buzz about the language before, I've disregarded it because I always thought it wasn't something that would be useful. However, I've found a number of FANTASTIC tutorials on ruby and am interested in learning it (probably because it seems so straightforward). Would playing around with ruby be a good or bad idea? I understand that there's not such thing as bad knowledge, but I'm afraid that Ruby will only confuse me when dealing with C++. How different from C++ is it? I've read it's based on C in some way, but my google-fu seems to be horrible today. How useful is Ruby in the real world? I'm not specifically asking about jobs- I'm more interested in what sort of applications may come from this language. Any specific examples worth looking at? Going back to Question two- I've read some posts on here that Ruby and C++ can hold hands once in a while. How flexible is this relationship? Is it rarely that this would work? Thank you Very much for your time! EDIT: This has to be the one community on the internet that doesn't suck. Why have I never posted before? You guys are awesome!

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  • Kubuntu 11.04 bad experience, Gimp crashes and other bugs

    - by giowck
    I installed Kubuntu 11.04 64bit today. First let me expose some issues, this is not a rant, just some observations on Kubuntu 11.04 :) Flash doesn't work. The package "flashplugin-installer" was installed by rekonq. But still no flash. Additional Drivers (jockey-kde) doesn't show up automatically after first login. I tried to delete a large file (19,2 GB), an error appeared: "Please empty the trash first, no more space available" or something like that, but you know what? My trash was empty! (Then I found in Dolphin the settings to increment the max size of the trash). Amarok has no play/pause/forward/back buttons, only after changing settings to show those buttons on the top bar. GTK applications like ubuntu software center, inkscape... are in english, but my default language is "german". Only gimp allows to install the "de" language pack. The numblock turns off after each restart. In the KDE Control Center, the "remember last state" of numblock is set. But this is not working. I had some crashes: Nepomuk, Policy-kit, plasma-workspace and gimp. But now to the important stuff. I really need Gimp to work. After starting it, I get a crash: giowck@giowck-desktop:~$ gimp (gimp:1899): GLib-WARNING **: /build/buildd/glib2.0-2.28.6/./glib/goption.c:2132: ignoring no-arg, optional-arg or filename flags (8) on option of type 0 Speicherzugriffsfehler (in English: "Memory error") What can I do to run Gimp? Thanks

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  • I'm a student learning C++ and I've recently found out about Ruby. Would learning (some of) Ruby help me with C++ or would it just confuse me?

    - by Von32
    As the title says, I'm a student that will be starting my second year of C++ very soon. I've discovered Ruby, however. While I've heard much buzz about the language before, I've disregarded it because I always thought it wasn't something that would be useful. However, I've found a number of FANTASTIC tutorials on ruby and am interested in learning it (probably because it seems so straightforward). Would playing around with ruby be a good or bad idea? I understand that there's not such thing as bad knowledge, but I'm afraid that Ruby will only confuse me when dealing with C++. How different from C++ is it? I've read it's based on C in some way. I've read some posts on here that Ruby and C++ can hold hands once in a while. How flexible is this relationship? Is it rarely that this would work? How useful is Ruby in the real world? I'm not specifically asking about jobs- I'm more interested in what sort of applications may come from this language. Any specific examples worth looking at?

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  • How can a large, Fortran-based number crunching codebase be modernized?

    - by Dave Mateer
    A friend in academia asked me for advice (I'm a C# business application developer). He has a legacy codebase which he wrote in Fortran in the medical imaging field. It does a huge amount of number crunching using vectors. He uses a cluster (30ish cores) and has now gone towards a single workstation with 500ish GPUS in it. However where to go next with the codebase so: Other people can maintain it over next 10 year cycle Get faster at tweaking the software Can run on different infrastructures without recompiles After some research from me (this is a super interesting area) some options are: Use Python and CUDA from Nvidia Rewrite in a functional language. For example, F# or Haskell Go cloud based and use something like Hadoop and Java Learn C What has been your experience with this? What should my friend be looking at to modernize his codebase? UPDATE: Thanks @Mark and everyone who has answered. The reasons my friend is asking this question is that it's a perfect time in the projects lifecycle to do a review. Bringing research assistants up to speed in Fortran takes time (I like C#, and especially the tooling and can't imagine going back to older languages!!) I liked the suggestion of keeping the pure number crunching in Fortran, but wrapping it in something newer. Perhaps Python as that seems to be getting a stronghold in academia as a general-purpose programming language that is fairly easy to pick up. See Medical Imaging and a guy who has written a Fortran wrapper for CUDA, Can I legally publish my Fortran 90 wrappers to Nvidias' CUFFT library (from the CUDA SDK)?.

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  • Alternatives for the Snippet Compiler

    - by Marko Apfel
    It seems that the Snippet Compiler is not maintained anymore. So I need an alternative – also for getting syntax highlighting for code in publications. Preferable with the possibility to conserve this highlighting by copying selections to clipboard. Snippet Compiler does not allows this for selections – only by exporting the whole file content to clipboard with HTML- or RTF-formatting (File > Export > HTML to clipboard respectively RTF to clipboard). Today I switched to LINQPad. This application offers constructing LINQ-statements as well as compiling arbitrary code snippets. But there are some other alternatives too: CS-Script - The C# Script Engine CS-Script is a CLR (Common Language Runtime) based scripting system which uses ECMA-compliant C# as a programming language. CS-Script currently targets Microsoft implementation of CLR (.NET 2.0/3.0/3.5. sharpsnippetcompiler C# Snippet Compiler is a tiny IDE to create, debug and run your C# programs CsharpRepl C# interactive shell that is part of Mono's C# compiler. An interactive shell is usually referred to as a read eval print loop or repl. The C# interactive shell is built on top of the Mono.CSharp library, a library that provides a C# compiler service that can be used to evaluate expressions and statements on the flight. What I miss is an alternative with syntax highlighting like in my Visual Studio: Instead of:

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  • A new CAPTCHA using sentences?

    - by Xeoncross
    I was just thinking about how recaptcha is getting harder when I thought about another posible solution. Images won't last forever so we will need something else some day - like human logic or emotion. Google and others are trying grouping images by category (find the image that doesn't belong) but that requires a large amount of images and doesn't work for the blind. Anyway, what if a massive collection of text was gathered (public-domain books from each language) and a sentence was shown to the user with 1 (or 2) words that were a select box of choices? Only computers that knew correct English/Spanish/German grammar would be able to tell which of the words belonged in the sentence. Would there be any problems with this approach? I would assume that it would be easy enough for anyone that knew the language that the sentense was displayed in to figure out the answer easier than trying to read the reCAPTCHA text. Plus, storing an insane number of sentences would only take a couple gigabytes of space and wouldn't take anywhere near the CPU time creating images/audio takes. In other words, anyone could host their own captcha system with minimal impact on system performance. Is there a problem with this approach? More specifically I'm looking for the main problem with this approach. migrated from stackoverflow

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  • Two new Visual WebGui released simultaneously

    - by Webgui
    Two new Visual WebGui versions were released simultaneously. Downloads are available here. The first is a revision to the beta version of the upcoming 6.4 which brings all-new developer/designer interface and capabilities. The second release is the latest enhancement of the current 6.3.x version. The new 6.3.15 includes the following changes over 6.3.14: Breaking Changes [1] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VWG-6132 - [v6.3.15] Deploy language resource assemblies next to the Gizmox.WebGUI.Forms assembly location Installation puts the resources in the assemblies folder rather thatn the GAC. That way they are copied to the output folder of the app, thus enabling their deployment to the server. Bugs fixes [7] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VWG-5714 - Help.ShowHelp of .CHM file with images should show the images VWG-6132 - [v6.3.15] Deploy language resource assemblies next to the Gizmox.WebGUI.Forms assembly location VWG-6401 - Radiobutton: The DoubleClick event should fire. VWG-6409 - The Hourglass (white/blue) Spinner icon should not display to the left on LTR cultures VWG-6452 - Calling/Causing an update on a scrollable container should not reset the scroll position. VWG-6463 - Redrawing a scrollable container does not preserve last scrolling position. VWG-6867 - Listbox: The Items selection in run time should be work correctly Enhancements [1] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VWG-6610 - Visifire - Add a click event handler on the graph

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  • Get Trained on Oracle VM Server for x86 in your timezone or location

    - by Antoinette O'Sullivan
    Register now to get trained on Oracle VM Server for x86 in your location or timezone - and frequently in your local language. You have a choice between the 3 day course, Oracle VM Administration: Oracle VM Server for x86, providing you with a wide range of hands-on exercises or a 1 day seminar, Oracle VM with Oracle VM Server for x86 Seminar. And you have a choice of attending these instructor-led courses Live from your desk through Oracle Universities Live Virtual Classes. For these virtual events there are hundreds of scheduled events across many timezones and there is no need to travel! Schedule details available on the Oracle University portal and visit the Virtualization space. In a classroom with a subset of scheduled events shown below:  Where  When  Delivery Language  3 day Hands-On Course      Dusseldorf, Germany  6 August 2012  German  Munich, Germany  9 July 2012  German  Paris, France  17 October 2012  French  Sydney, Australia  3 September 2012  English  Denver, United States  30 July 2012  English  Roseville, United States  25 June 2012  English  1 day Seminar      Paris, France  4 September 2012  French  Roseville, United States  15 June 2012  English  Mexico City, Mexico  20 June 2012  Spanish To find additional classes, go to the Oracle University portal and visit the Virtualization space. Should you not find an event on the schedule that suits you, register your interest for a specific event/date.

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  • Leveraging Code in Ever Bigger Games

    - by ashes999
    Summary: The same way that I continually build complex engines and libraries within a single platform and technology to allow me to build increasingly bigger and better games, how to continue this when development crosses into different platforms? If I switch platforms, how do I leverage past code and experiences? Games are hard to build. Big games are even harder to build. I've decided that to be able to make big games, I need to start building smaller games, and building up an asset base of code, assets (graphics, sounds), tools, and most importantly, game engines, so that I can eventually get there. One game at a time. Let me give an analogy. To build an MMO 3D RPG, I would approach this by building and releasing small games with increasingly more features. This could entail, for example: A simple 2D game A tile-based game A game with RPG elements (items, equipment, monsters, battle) A full-fledged RPG A 3D RPG The problem now is if I have to change platforms or tools, I don't know how to leverage past code-bases (and experience) to start with a mature product. Right now, I'm writing Silverlight (FlatRedBall) games. Let's say I stick with this for ten years, and then suddenly decide to write a PS6 game, which is in a different programming language entirely. Granted, I have ten years of game-development experience (and correspondingly ten years of professional software development experience from my day job) to back me up. But I would still like some way to transplant that 2D RPG engine into the new programming language, or else leverage it somehow. Is this even possible? What are my options?

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  • Smarty: Configurable Comments and Code Templates

    - by Martin Fousek
    Hello, today we would like to show you few improvements we have prepared in PHP Smarty Framework for NetBeans 7.3. So let's talk about adjustable toggle comment action and code templates. Configurable Comments As some of you requested we implemented toggle comment action with adjustable behavior. In NetBeans 7.3 you can choose in Options between commenting as a "Smarty comments everywhere" or "Language sensitive comments" in Smarty Templates. Toggle comment language sensitive: Toggle comment as Smarty comment everywhere: Code Templates In NetBeans 7.3 we will provide by default many code templates inside Smarty templates or directly inside Smarty tags. Available should be code templates for all built-in or custom functions and modifiers of Smarty 3.x. Besides that you should be able to define additional custom templates easily in Options -> Editor -> Code Templates for "Smarty Templates" or directly for "Smarty Markup" (which means code templates inside Smarty tag). You can also take advantage of selection's template which are able to wrap your code with chosen Smarty tag. That's all for today. As always, please test it and report all the issues or enhancements you find in NetBeans BugZilla (component php, subcomponent Smarty).

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  • Is there a way to add unique items to an array without doing a ton of comparisons?

    - by hydroparadise
    Please bare with me, I want this to be as language agnostic as possible becuase of the languages I am working with (One of which is a language called PowerOn). However, most languanges support for loops and arrays. Say I have the following list in an aray: 0x 0 Foo 1x 1 Bar 2x 0 Widget 3x 1 Whatsit 4x 0 Foo 5x 1 Bar Anything with a 1 should be uniqely added to another array with the following result: 0x 1 Bar 1x 1 Whatsit Keep in mind this is a very elementry example. In reality, I am dealing with 10's of thousands of elements on the old list. Here is what I have so far. Pseudo Code: For each element in oldlist For each element in newlist Compare If values oldlist.element equals newlist.element, break new list loop If reached end of newlist with with nothing equal from oldlist, add value from old list to new list End End Is there a better way of doing this? Algorithmicly, is there any room for improvement? And as a bonus qeustion, what is the O notation for this type of algorithm (if there is one)?

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  • "io: postinst-must-call-ldconfig" when creating a package

    - by egarcia
    I'm trying to create an ubuntu .deb package for the (pretty awesome) Io Language. I am not the developer of that language, so I'm not familiar with its sourcecode yet. This is my first attempt at creating a .deb file. In order to create the .deb, I'm following these instructions: http://www.webupd8.org/2010/01/how-to-create-deb-package-ubuntu-debian.html So far I've been able to create a .deb file (io_2010.06.01-1_amd64.deb) and a changes file (io_201.06.01-1_amd64.changes). I'm using lintian to check the changes file, and it reports an issue I don't know how to resolve: $ lintian -Ivi io_2010.06.01-1_amd64.changes ... (lots of messages) I: io: no-symbols-control-file usr/lib/libiovmall.so I: io: no-symbols-control-file usr/lib/libgarbagecollector.so I: io: no-symbols-control-file usr/lib/libbasekit.so E: io: postinst-must-call-ldconfig usr/lib/libiovmall.so N: N: The package installs shared libraries in a directory controlled by the N: dynamic library loader. Therefore, the package must call "ldconfig" in N: its postinst script. N: N: Refer to Debian Policy Manual section 8.1.1 (ldconfig) for details. N: N: Severity: serious, Certainty: certain N: N: Removing /tmp/OYuNShEHYz ... I've read the debian manual 8.8 section. I think I understand what the problem is (I need to make sure that ldconfig is invoked "somewhere", possibly on a place called "posinst") but I don't know how to resolve it (i.e. where this "posinsts" file is and how should I change it). The current way of installing Io in Ubuntu is basically running sudo make install and then sudo ldconfig. Maybe the makefile should be modified so ldconfig is called from it? I don't know. Thanks a lot.

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  • Learning from jQuery - Solid fundament for experienced jQuery developers

    Frankly speaking, I had to sleep a night over before typing this review. And even now it is not an easy, straight-forward task to write this recension. I'm not sure whether I'm the right kind of audience this title is actually addressed to. It clearly states that this book is for web developers which are very familiar with jQuery library but would like to extend their knowledge to vanilla JavaScript. Not being part of this particular group it felt strange to go through the various chapters after all. This title is clearly addressed to experienced jQuery users and developers especially while looking for improvements in performance and better ways of optimisations. Sometimes just to simplify the existing jQuery code in order to avoid the heavy load of the complete jQuery library and sometimes for the better understanding of JavaScript and its syntax. Callum's style of writing is clear and the numerous code samples used to emphasize the various techniques are good ones and easy to understand. Quite interestingly, it put a light smile on my face when I compared his sample code of sending an AJAX request to some code in one of my own blog articles I wrote back in 2006 (in German language). JavaScript is clearly a mature language and certain requirements are simply done this way. And Callum explains the nuts and bolts of JavaScript very well. Personally, I gained most out of this book from chapter 5 - JavaScript Conventions. The paragraphs and code snippets on Optimizations and Common Antipatterns gave me a better understanding on various aspects of JavaScript development, and I definitely have to revise a couple of code fragments I have written in the past. Overall the book provides solid information on JavaScript for jQuery developers and is worth the money spent. Just be sure that you're part of the targeted audience.

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  • Why isn't Java used for modern web application development?

    - by Cliff
    As a professional Java programmer, I've been trying to understand - why the hate toward Java for modern web applications? I've noticed a trend that out of modern day web startups, a relatively small percentage of them appears to be using Java (compared to Java's overall popularity). When I've asked a few about this, I've typically received a response like, "I hate Java with a passion." But no one really seems to be able to give a definitive answer. I've also heard this same web startup community refer negatively to Java developers - more or less implying that they are slow, not creative, old. As a result, I've spent time working to pick up Ruby/Rails, basically to find out what I'm missing. But I can't help thinking to myself, "I could do this much faster if I were using Java," primarily due to my relative experience levels. But also because I haven't seen anything critical "missing" from Java, preventing me from building the same application. Which brings me to my question(s): Why is Java not being used in modern web applications? Is it a weakness of the language? Is it an unfair stereotype of Java because it's been around so long (it's been unfairly associated with its older technologies, and doesn't receive recognition for its "modern" capabilities)? Is the negative stereotype of Java developers too strong? (Java is just no longer "cool") Are applications written in other languages really faster to build, easier to maintain, and do they perform better? Is Java only used by big companies who are too slow to adapt to a new language?

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  • Is Linq having a mind-numbing effect on .NET programmers?

    - by Aaronaught
    A lot of us started seeing this phenomenon with jQuery about a year ago when people started asking how to do absolutely insane things like retrieve the query string with jQuery. The difference between the library (jQuery) and the language (JavaScript) is apparently lost on many programmers, and results in a lot of inappropriate, convoluted code being written where it is not necessary. Maybe it's just my imagination, but I swear I'm starting to see an uptick in the number of questions where people are asking to do similarly insane things with Linq, like find ranges in a sorted array. I can't get over how thoroughly inappropriate the Linq extensions are for solving that problem, but more importantly the fact that the author just assumed that the ideal solution would involve Linq without actually thinking about it (as far as I can tell). It seems that we are repeating history, breeding a new generation of .NET programmers who can't tell the difference between the language (C#/VB.NET) and the library (Linq). What is responsible for this phenomenon? Is it just hype? Magpie tendencies? Has Linq picked up a reputation as a form of magic, where instead of actually writing code you just have to utter the right incantation? I'm hardly satisfied with those explanations but I can't really think of anything else. More importantly, is it really a problem, and if so, what's the best way to help enlighten these people?

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  • Architectural Composition Languages

    - by C. Lawrence Wenham
    Recently stumbled upon this paper (PDF) talking about ACLs, or Architectural Composition Languages. They're a fusion of two earlier lines of research: Architectural Definition Languages (such as UML) and Object Composition Languages (such as XAML, WWF, or scripting languages). The goal of an ACL is to have a high-level description of a program's architecture which can also be compiled into a runnable program. The high-level description assists automated analysis, while the 'executability' means changes can be tested immediately. You would still author the components of the program in a conventional programming language (C, Java, Python, etc), but they would be composed into a complete program by the ACL. One of the expected benefits is that a program can be ported to a different platform by swapping in "similar but different" components. I've been hankering for something like this for a long time (see this answer I gave on a StackOverflow question a few years ago). The paper mentions that the researchers were working on a language called ACL/1 that initially targeted Java, but would be ported to support .Net as well. However, I can't find any more mention of ACL/1 anywhere. Has there been any more work done on this? Are there any other implementations of the ACL concept that are available for use or experimentation?

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  • Duplicate content appearing for multi lingual sites

    - by Rocky Singh
    I have a site which has a default url say "http://www.blahblah.com/" (which is default in english language). In my site there is support for multi languages. I am having few links at my home page say "English" "French" "Spanish" etc. and on clicking these links user is redirected to these links: http://www.blahblah.com/en-us/ (English) http://www.blahblah.com/fr-ca/ (French) http://www.blahblah.com/spanish-culture/ (Spanish) and based on culture in the url I am showing the content accordingly to end users in their desired language. Now, this was how my site is. The issue I am getting is with SEO. I noticed Google is considering (I checked via Google web masters) my site pages as duplicate like: 1. http://www.blahblah.com/documents/ and http://www.blahblah.com/en-us/documents/ 2. http://www.blahblah.com/news/ and http://www.blahblah.com/en-us/news and similarly all the pages are considered as a duplicate content in Google webmasters tools. I am worried of this, since I think my site is getting penalized in ranking because of this. Could you drop some idea how to overcome this situation?

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  • Write DAX queries in Report Builder #ssrs #dax #ssas #tabular

    - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)
    If you use Report Builder with Reporting Services, you can use DAX queries even if the editor for Analysis Services provider does not support DAX syntax. In fact, the DMX editor that you can use in Visual Studio editor of Reporting Services (see a previous post on that), is not available in Report Builder. However, as Sagar Salvi commented in this Microsoft Connect entry, you can use the DAX query text in the query of a Dataset by using the OLE DB provider instead of the Analysis Services one. I think it’s a good idea to show the steps required. First, create a DataSet using the OLE DB connection type, and provide the connection string the provider (Provider), the server name (Data Source) and the database name (Initial Catalog), such as: Provider=MSOLAP;Data Source=SERVERNAME\\TABULAR;Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks Tabular Model SQL 2012 Then, create a Dataset using the data source previously defined, select the Text query type, and write the DAX code in the Query pane: You can also use the Query Designer window, that doesn’t provide any particular help in writing the DAX query, but at least can show a preview of the result of the query execution. I hope DAX will get better editors in the future… in the meantime, remember you can use DAX Studio to write and test your DAX queries, and DAX Formatter to improve their readability!If you want to learn the DAX Query Language, I suggest you watching my video Data Analysis Expressions as a Query Language on Project Botticelli!

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  • Why Are Minimized Programs Often Slow to Open Again?

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    It seems particularly counterintuitive: you minimize an application because you plan on returning to it later and wish to skip shutting the application down and restarting it later, but sometimes maximizing it takes even longer than launching it fresh. What gives? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader Bart wants to know why he’s not saving any time with application minimization: I’m working in Photoshop CS6 and multiple browsers a lot. I’m not using them all at once, so sometimes some applications are minimized to taskbar for hours or days. The problem is, when I try to maximize them from the taskbar – it sometimes takes longer than starting them! Especially Photoshop feels really weird for many seconds after finally showing up, it’s slow, unresponsive and even sometimes totally freezes for minute or two. It’s not a hardware problem as it’s been like that since always on all on my PCs. Would I also notice it after upgrading my HDD to SDD and adding RAM (my main PC holds 4 GB currently)? Could guys with powerful pcs / macs tell me – does it also happen to you? I guess OSes somehow “focus” on active software and move all the resources away from the ones that run, but are not used. Is it possible to somehow set RAM / CPU / HDD priorities or something, for let’s say, Photoshop, so it won’t slow down after long period of inactivity? So what is the deal? Why does he find himself waiting to maximize a minimized app? The Answer SuperUser contributor Allquixotic explains why: Summary The immediate problem is that the programs that you have minimized are being paged out to the “page file” on your hard disk. This symptom can be improved by installing a Solid State Disk (SSD), adding more RAM to your system, reducing the number of programs you have open, or upgrading to a newer system architecture (for instance, Ivy Bridge or Haswell). Out of these options, adding more RAM is generally the most effective solution. Explanation The default behavior of Windows is to give active applications priority over inactive applications for having a spot in RAM. When there’s significant memory pressure (meaning the system doesn’t have a lot of free RAM if it were to let every program have all the RAM it wants), it starts putting minimized programs into the page file, which means it writes out their contents from RAM to disk, and then makes that area of RAM free. That free RAM helps programs you’re actively using — say, your web browser — run faster, because if they need to claim a new segment of RAM (like when you open a new tab), they can do so. This “free” RAM is also used as page cache, which means that when active programs attempt to read data on your hard disk, that data might be cached in RAM, which prevents your hard disk from being accessed to get that data. By using the majority of your RAM for page cache, and swapping out unused programs to disk, Windows is trying to improve responsiveness of the program(s) you are actively using, by making RAM available to them, and caching the files they access in RAM instead of the hard disk. The downside of this behavior is that minimized programs can take a while to have their contents copied from the page file, on disk, back into RAM. The time increases the larger the program’s footprint in memory. This is why you experience that delay when maximizing Photoshop. RAM is many times faster than a hard disk (depending on the specific hardware, it can be up to several orders of magnitude). An SSD is considerably faster than a hard disk, but it is still slower than RAM by orders of magnitude. Having your page file on an SSD will help, but it will also wear out the SSD more quickly than usual if your page file is heavily utilized due to RAM pressure. Remedies Here is an explanation of the available remedies, and their general effectiveness: Installing more RAM: This is the recommended path. If your system does not support more RAM than you already have installed, you will need to upgrade more of your system: possibly your motherboard, CPU, chassis, power supply, etc. depending on how old it is. If it’s a laptop, chances are you’ll have to buy an entire new laptop that supports more installed RAM. When you install more RAM, you reduce memory pressure, which reduces use of the page file, which is a good thing all around. You also make available more RAM for page cache, which will make all programs that access the hard disk run faster. As of Q4 2013, my personal recommendation is that you have at least 8 GB of RAM for a desktop or laptop whose purpose is anything more complex than web browsing and email. That means photo editing, video editing/viewing, playing computer games, audio editing or recording, programming / development, etc. all should have at least 8 GB of RAM, if not more. Run fewer programs at a time: This will only work if the programs you are running do not use a lot of memory on their own. Unfortunately, Adobe Creative Suite products such as Photoshop CS6 are known for using an enormous amount of memory. This also limits your multitasking ability. It’s a temporary, free remedy, but it can be an inconvenience to close down your web browser or Word every time you start Photoshop, for instance. This also wouldn’t stop Photoshop from being swapped when minimizing it, so it really isn’t a very effective solution. It only helps in some specific situations. Install an SSD: If your page file is on an SSD, the SSD’s improved speed compared to a hard disk will result in generally improved performance when the page file has to be read from or written to. Be aware that SSDs are not designed to withstand a very frequent and constant random stream of writes; they can only be written over a limited number of times before they start to break down. Heavy use of a page file is not a particularly good workload for an SSD. You should install an SSD in combination with a large amount of RAM if you want maximum performance while preserving the longevity of the SSD. Use a newer system architecture: Depending on the age of your system, you may be using an out of date system architecture. The “system architecture” is generally defined as the “generation” (think generations like children, parents, grandparents, etc.) of the motherboard and CPU. Newer generations generally support faster I/O (input/output), better memory bandwidth, lower latency, and less contention over shared resources, instead providing dedicated links between components. For example, starting with the “Nehalem” generation (around 2009), the Front-Side Bus (FSB) was eliminated, which removed a common bottleneck, because almost all system components had to share the same FSB for transmitting data. This was replaced with a “point to point” architecture, meaning that each component gets its own dedicated “lane” to the CPU, which continues to be improved every few years with new generations. You will generally see a more significant improvement in overall system performance depending on the “gap” between your computer’s architecture and the latest one available. For example, a Pentium 4 architecture from 2004 is going to see a much more significant improvement upgrading to “Haswell” (the latest as of Q4 2013) than a “Sandy Bridge” architecture from ~2010. Links Related questions: How to reduce disk thrashing (paging)? Windows Swap (Page File): Enable or Disable? Also, just in case you’re considering it, you really shouldn’t disable the page file, as this will only make matters worse; see here. And, in case you needed extra convincing to leave the Windows Page File alone, see here and here. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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  • Javascript: Machine Constants Applicable?

    - by DavidB2013
    I write numerical routines for students of science and engineering (although they are freely available for use by anybody else as well) and am wondering how to properly use machine constants in a JavaScript program, or if they are even applicable. For example, say I am writing a program in C++ that numerically computes the roots of the following equation: exp(-0.7x) + sin(3x) - 1.2x + 0.3546 = 0 A root-finding routine should be able to compute roots to within the machine epsilon. In C++, this value is specified by the language: DBL_EPSILON. C++ also specifies the smallest and largest values that can be held by a float or double variable. However, how does this convert to JavaScript? Since a Javascript program runs in a web browser, and I don't know what kind of computer will run the program, and JavaScript does not have corresponding predefined values for these quantities, how can I implement my own version of these constants so that my programs compute results to as much accuracy as allowed on the computer running the web browser? My first draft is to simply copy over the literal constants from C++: FLT_MIN: 1.17549435082229e-038 FLT_MAX: 3.40282346638529e+038 DBL_EPSILON: 2.2204460492503131e-16 I am also willing to write small code blocks that could compute these values for each machine on which the program is run. That way, a supercomputer might compute results to a higher accuracy than an old, low-level, PC. BUT, I don't know if such a routine would actually reach the computer, in which case, I would be wasting my time. Anybody here know how to compute and use (in Javascript) values that correspond to machine constants in a compiled language? Is it worth my time to write small programs in Javascript that compute DBL_EPSILON, FLT_MIN, FLT_MIN, etc. for use in numerical routines? Or am I better off simply assigning literal constants that come straight from C++ on a standard Windows PC?

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  • Why do some people hate Dart? [closed]

    - by Hassan
    First, I'd like to note that this question is not intended to compare two languages or technologies, but is only asking about criticisms aimed at a language. I've always thought it a good idea to somehow get rid of Javascript. It works, but it's just so messy. I think many will agree with me there. And that's how I interpreted Google's release of Dart. It seems to me like a very good alternative to Javascript. Now, it looks like some are not very happy that Google has released this new language. Take a look at this Wikipedia page to see what I'm talking about. If you don't feel like reading it, I'll tell you now that some seem to think that Dart is similar to Microsoft's VBScript, in that it only works on Microsoft's browsers. This goes against the web's openness. But it's my understanding that Dart can be compiled to Javascript, which will allow it to be run on any modern browser (as the Wikipedia article also states). So my question is: are these criticisms valid? Is there a real fear that Google is trying to control the web's front-end to be more compatible with its browser?

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  • Discuss: PLs are characterised by which (iso)morphisms are implemented

    - by Yttrill
    I am interested to hear discussion of the proposition summarised in the title. As we know programming language constructions admit a vast number of isomorphisms. In some languages in some places in the translation process some of these isomorphisms are implemented, whilst others require code to be written to implement them. For example, in my language Felix, the isomorphism between a type T and a tuple of one element of type T is implemented, meaning the two types are indistinguishable (identical). Similarly, a tuple of N values of the same type is not merely isomorphic to an array, it is an array: the isomorphism is implemented by the compiler. Many other isomorphisms are not implemented for example there is an isomorphism expressed by the following client code: match v with | ((?x,?y),?z = x,(y,z) // Felix match v with | (x,y), - x,(y,z) (* Ocaml *) As another example, a type constructor C of int in Felix may be used directly as a function, whilst in Ocaml you must write a wrapper: let c x = C x Another isomorphism Felix implements is the elimination of unit values, including those in tuples: Felix can do this because (most) polymorphic values are monomorphised which can be done because it is a whole program analyser, Ocaml, for example, cannot do this easily because it supports separate compilation. For the same reason Felix performs type-class dispatch at compile time whilst Haskell passes around dictionaries. There are some quite surprising issues here. For example an array is just a tuple, and tuples can be indexed at run time using a match and returning a value of a corresponding sum type. Indeed, to be correct the index used is in fact a case of unit sum with N summands, rather than an integer. Yet, in a real implementation, if the tuple is an array the index is replaced by an integer with a range check, and the result type is replaced by the common argument type of all the constructors: two isomorphisms are involved here, but they're implemented partly in the compiler translation and partly at run time.

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  • Discount Multilingual Day in the Life of User Experience

    - by ultan o'broin
    Super article by the WikiMedia Foundation engineering folks about Designing for the Multilingual Web using the Wikipedia Universal Language Selector user interface as an example. Great ideas about tools that are available, as well as covering the basics of wireframing (mockups), prototyping, and user testing. Lots of inspiration there for developers and builders of apps who want to ensure their user experience (UX) really delivers for a global audience. Check out the use of the Firefox-based Pencil, how to translate your mockups, and how to perform remote user testing using Google+ Hangouts. Paul Giner demonstrates how to translate mockups. A little clunky and homespun in parts (I would prefer if tools such as Pencil or Balsamiq MockUps, and so on, could roundtrip directly from SVG to XLIFF for example, and Pencil doesn't work yet with the latest versions for Firefox) and I am not sure how it can really scales to enterprise-level use. However, the UX methodology is basically sound, and reinforces the importance of designing and testing in more that one language. The most powerful message for me is that you do not need special resources, training or expensive tools to deliver great-looking usable apps if you're a developer. Definitely worth considering if you're building apps out there in the community.

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  • How to define type-specific scripts when using a 'type object' programming pattern?

    - by Erik
    I am in the process of creating a game engine written in C++, using the C/C++ SQLite interface to achieve a 'type object' pattern. The process is largely similar to what is outlined here (Thank you Bob Nystrom for the great resource!). I have a generally defined Entity class that when a new object is created, data is taken from a SQLite database and then is pushed back into a pointer vector, which is then iterated through, calling update() for each object. All the ints, floats, strings are loaded in fine, but the script() member of Entity is proving an issue. It's not much fun having a bunch of stationary objects laying around my gameworld. The only solutions I've come up with so far are: Create a monolithic EntityScript class with member functions encompassing all game AI and then calling the corresponding script when iterating through the Entity vector. (Not ideal) Create bindings between C++ and a scripting language. This would seem to get the job done, but it feels like implementing this (given the potential memory overhead) and learning a new language is overkill for a small team (2-3 people) that know the entirety of the existing game engine. Can you suggest any possible alternatives? My ideal situation would be that to add content to the game, one would simply add a script file to the appropriate directory and append the SQLite database with all the object data. All that is required is to have a variety of integers and floats passed between both the engine and the script file.

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