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  • SQL Saturday #229 - Dublin

    SQL Saturday Dublin is hosting a two-day training event covering SQL Server 2012, Business Intelligence, Database Administration and Personal Development. The free training event will be Saturday June 22 2013, and three preconference sessions (not free) will take place the 21st. Compare and sync databases with SQL Compare“SQL Compare is fast, extremely easy to use, full-featured and affordable. I wouldn't bother messing around with anything else.” Adam Machanic, SQL Server MVP. Download a 14-day free trial.

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  • Can't access external USB storage after updating to 12.10

    - by user99252
    I installed Ubuntu 12.04 after Windows failed me and Samsung got a bit pissy about providing any help. I then upgraded to 12.10 after a week or two and suddenly my external USB devices no longer work. The same devices I plugged in are no longer recognised. As I say, I'm only a user of Ubuntu for a fortnight, so any advice and directions to very simple instructions, would be appreciated greatly. I've seen this asked elsewhere, but the advice was to ask again if you needed clarification.

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  • How can I choose which menubar indicators are shown in 12.04?

    - by Nicholas Weininger
    I'd like to be able to tweak the set of shortcuts on the right side of the menubar in 12.04 (e.g. remove the email shortcut, remove the wifi shortcut on my laptop, add a lock screen shortcut so I can lock the screen with a single click rather than facing the choice between two clicks and Ctrl-Alt-L). Is this possible? The only thing I can find to configure in the settings is the date/time display.

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  • Developing Freecell Game Using Silverlight 3 Part 2

    In the two parts of series, we are going to develop another Silverlight 3 based Freecell game like the one shipped with Microsoft Windows. Our main purpose to write this game is to continue to explore the mouse related operations supported in Silverlight 3. And also, in constructing this application you will learn the Silverlight 3-supported behavior related topics.

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  • SEO Copywriting - Embracing Google's Mayday Update

    SEO copywriting has changed dramatically over the past two or three years. Then, it was all meta tags and keyword density. Now, SEO copywriting is more about quality inbound links and useful content that reads smoothly. Google's 2010 Mayday algorithm update also emphasises quality content at the expense of 'long-tail keywords' whose demise is spelt in a single, simple term: 'irrelevance'.

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  • Returning to Linux, where to start? Part 1

    <b>KnoLinuxGuy:</b> "Like many other distros, it seems PCLinux now has a way to gather applications outside of Synaptic...why? I don't see the need to go beyond a solid method of gathering applications... Why have two points of failure that are doing the same thing?"

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  • From the Tips Box: Waterproof Boomboxes, Quick Access Laptop Stats, and Stockpiling Free Free Apps and Books

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Once a week we round up some great reader tips and share them with everyone. This week we’re looking at building a waterproof boombox, quick access to laptop stats in Windows 7, and how to stockpile free apps and books at Amazon. How to Banish Duplicate Photos with VisiPic How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It?

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  • Bordeaux 2.0.4 - Hands on Review

    <b>Thoughts on Technology:</b> "I think Crossover is fantastic software, but with Cedega pretty much being dead where is the choice in commercial Wine software? Lesser known than the two previously mentioned is Bordeaux."

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  • Google SEO Campaigns - Getting Your Site Off the Ground

    Google SEO campaigns have two main facets: actual website content and promotional content. While what is actually on your website is the face that both the search engine and potential visitors will pay a large amount of attention to, off-site promotion is an even bigger part to your success.

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  • Ubuntu 10.04: Check IMAP with Nagios

    <b>BeginLinux: </b>"You will probably want to check to see if your IMAP server is working properly. There are several plugins that are options. These two options presented next are straightforward and easy to use. One plugin for IMAP and one plugin for IMAPS."

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  • Should I use SDL_Surface or SDL_Window? [on hold]

    - by The Light Spark
    I am making an OpenGL game basically. I have just started out on the territory. I have seen tutorials which use an SDL_Surface for rendering to while other tutorials use SDL_Window and obtain an openGL context from that and render to that, with no mention of surfaces. I understand what the differences between the two are, but is there any advantage in using one over the other? Can I use the SDL_Window technique to create high quality games or does the SDL_Surface approach get me better results?

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  • Kinds of Keywords

    One of the most important element in your blog or website is keyword. With proper use, this element will surely put you in higher rankings and it will surely generate more traffic. But before anything else, let's take a look at the two kinds of keywords.

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  • Followup: Python 2.6, 3 abstract base class misunderstanding

    - by Aaron
    I asked a question at Python 2.6, 3 abstract base class misunderstanding. My problem was that python abstract base classes didn't work quite the way I expected them to. There was some discussion in the comments about why I would want to use ABCs at all, and Alex Martelli provided an excellent answer on why my use didn't work and how to accomplish what I wanted. Here I'd like to address why one might want to use ABCs, and show my test code implementation based on Alex's answer. tl;dr: Code after the 16th paragraph. In the discussion on the original post, statements were made along the lines that you don't need ABCs in Python, and that ABCs don't do anything and are therefore not real classes; they're merely interface definitions. An abstract base class is just a tool in your tool box. It's a design tool that's been around for many years, and a programming tool that is explicitly available in many programming languages. It can be implemented manually in languages that don't provide it. An ABC is always a real class, even when it doesn't do anything but define an interface, because specifying the interface is what an ABC does. If that was all an ABC could do, that would be enough reason to have it in your toolbox, but in Python and some other languages they can do more. The basic reason to use an ABC is when you have a number of classes that all do the same thing (have the same interface) but do it differently, and you want to guarantee that that complete interface is implemented in all objects. A user of your classes can rely on the interface being completely implemented in all classes. You can maintain this guarantee manually. Over time you may succeed. Or you might forget something. Before Python had ABCs you could guarantee it semi-manually, by throwing NotImplementedError in all the base class's interface methods; you must implement these methods in derived classes. This is only a partial solution, because you can still instantiate such a base class. A more complete solution is to use ABCs as provided in Python 2.6 and above. Template methods and other wrinkles and patterns are ideas whose implementation can be made easier with full-citizen ABCs. Another idea in the comments was that Python doesn't need ABCs (understood as a class that only defines an interface) because it has multiple inheritance. The implied reference there seems to be Java and its single inheritance. In Java you "get around" single inheritance by inheriting from one or more interfaces. Java uses the word "interface" in two ways. A "Java interface" is a class with method signatures but no implementations. The methods are the interface's "interface" in the more general, non-Java sense of the word. Yes, Python has multiple inheritance, so you don't need Java-like "interfaces" (ABCs) merely to provide sets of interface methods to a class. But that's not the only reason in software development to use ABCs. Most generally, you use an ABC to specify an interface (set of methods) that will likely be implemented differently in different derived classes, yet that all derived classes must have. Additionally, there may be no sensible default implementation for the base class to provide. Finally, even an ABC with almost no interface is still useful. We use something like it when we have multiple except clauses for a try. Many exceptions have exactly the same interface, with only two differences: the exception's string value, and the actual class of the exception. In many exception clauses we use nothing about the exception except its class to decide what to do; catching one type of exception we do one thing, and another except clause catching a different exception does another thing. According to the exception module's doc page, BaseException is not intended to be derived by any user defined exceptions. If ABCs had been a first class Python concept from the beginning, it's easy to imagine BaseException being specified as an ABC. But enough of that. Here's some 2.6 code that demonstrates how to use ABCs, and how to specify a list-like ABC. Examples are run in ipython, which I like much better than the python shell for day to day work; I only wish it was available for python3. Your basic 2.6 ABC: from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod class Super(): __metaclass__ = ABCMeta @abstractmethod def method1(self): pass Test it (in ipython, python shell would be similar): In [2]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods method1 Notice the end of the last line, where the TypeError exception tells us that method1 has not been implemented ("abstract methods method1"). That was the method designated as @abstractmethod in the preceding code. Create a subclass that inherits Super, implement method1 in the subclass and you're done. My problem, which caused me to ask the original question, was how to specify an ABC that itself defines a list interface. My naive solution was to make an ABC as above, and in the inheritance parentheses say (list). My assumption was that the class would still be abstract (can't instantiate it), and would be a list. That was wrong; inheriting from list made the class concrete, despite the abstract bits in the class definition. Alex suggested inheriting from collections.MutableSequence, which is abstract (and so doesn't make the class concrete) and list-like. I used collections.Sequence, which is also abstract but has a shorter interface and so was quicker to implement. First, Super derived from Sequence, with nothing extra: from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): pass Test it: In [6]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods __getitem__, __len__ We can't instantiate it. A list-like full-citizen ABC; yea! Again, notice in the last line that TypeError tells us why we can't instantiate it: __getitem__ and __len__ are abstract methods. They come from collections.Sequence. But, I want a bunch of subclasses that all act like immutable lists (which collections.Sequence essentially is), and that have their own implementations of my added interface methods. In particular, I don't want to implement my own list code, Python already did that for me. So first, let's implement the missing Sequence methods, in terms of Python's list type, so that all subclasses act as lists (Sequences). First let's see the signatures of the missing abstract methods: In [12]: help(Sequence.__getitem__) Help on method __getitem__ in module _abcoll: __getitem__(self, index) unbound _abcoll.Sequence method (END) In [14]: help(Sequence.__len__) Help on method __len__ in module _abcoll: __len__(self) unbound _abcoll.Sequence method (END) __getitem__ takes an index, and __len__ takes nothing. And the implementation (so far) is: from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): # Gives us a list member for ABC methods to use. def __init__(self): self._list = [] # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __getitem__(self, index): return self._list.__getitem__(index) # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __len__(self): return self._list.__len__() # Not required. Makes printing behave like a list. def __repr__(self): return self._list.__repr__() Test it: In [34]: a = Super() In [35]: a Out[35]: [] In [36]: print a [] In [37]: len(a) Out[37]: 0 In [38]: a[0] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- IndexError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() /home/aaron/projects/test/test.py in __getitem__(self, index) 10 # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. 11 def __getitem__(self, index): ---> 12 return self._list.__getitem__(index) 13 14 # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. IndexError: list index out of range Just like a list. It's not abstract (for the moment) because we implemented both of Sequence's abstract methods. Now I want to add my bit of interface, which will be abstract in Super and therefore required to implement in any subclasses. And we'll cut to the chase and add subclasses that inherit from our ABC Super. from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): # Gives us a list member for ABC methods to use. def __init__(self): self._list = [] # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __getitem__(self, index): return self._list.__getitem__(index) # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __len__(self): return self._list.__len__() # Not required. Makes printing behave like a list. def __repr__(self): return self._list.__repr__() @abstractmethod def method1(): pass class Sub0(Super): pass class Sub1(Super): def __init__(self): self._list = [1, 2, 3] def method1(self): return [x**2 for x in self._list] def method2(self): return [x/2.0 for x in self._list] class Sub2(Super): def __init__(self): self._list = [10, 20, 30, 40] def method1(self): return [x+2 for x in self._list] We've added a new abstract method to Super, method1. This makes Super abstract again. A new class Sub0 which inherits from Super but does not implement method1, so it's also an ABC. Two new classes Sub1 and Sub2, which both inherit from Super. They both implement method1 from Super, so they're not abstract. Both implementations of method1 are different. Sub1 and Sub2 also both initialize themselves differently; in real life they might initialize themselves wildly differently. So you have two subclasses which both "is a" Super (they both implement Super's required interface) although their implementations are different. Also remember that Super, although an ABC, provides four non-abstract methods. So Super provides two things to subclasses: an implementation of collections.Sequence, and an additional abstract interface (the one abstract method) that subclasses must implement. Also, class Sub1 implements an additional method, method2, which is not part of Super's interface. Sub1 "is a" Super, but it also has additional capabilities. Test it: In [52]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods method1 In [53]: a = Sub0() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Sub0 with abstract methods method1 In [54]: a = Sub1() In [55]: a Out[55]: [1, 2, 3] In [56]: b = Sub2() In [57]: b Out[57]: [10, 20, 30, 40] In [58]: print a, b [1, 2, 3] [10, 20, 30, 40] In [59]: a, b Out[59]: ([1, 2, 3], [10, 20, 30, 40]) In [60]: a.method1() Out[60]: [1, 4, 9] In [61]: b.method1() Out[61]: [12, 22, 32, 42] In [62]: a.method2() Out[62]: [0.5, 1.0, 1.5] [63]: a[:2] Out[63]: [1, 2] In [64]: a[0] = 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: 'Sub1' object does not support item assignment Super and Sub0 are abstract and can't be instantiated (lines 52 and 53). Sub1 and Sub2 are concrete and have an immutable Sequence interface (54 through 59). Sub1 and Sub2 are instantiated differently, and their method1 implementations are different (60, 61). Sub1 includes an additional method2, beyond what's required by Super (62). Any concrete Super acts like a list/Sequence (63). A collections.Sequence is immutable (64). Finally, a wart: In [65]: a._list Out[65]: [1, 2, 3] In [66]: a._list = [] In [67]: a Out[67]: [] Super._list is spelled with a single underscore. Double underscore would have protected it from this last bit, but would have broken the implementation of methods in subclasses. Not sure why; I think because double underscore is private, and private means private. So ultimately this whole scheme relies on a gentleman's agreement not to reach in and muck with Super._list directly, as in line 65 above. Would love to know if there's a safer way to do that.

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  • Varnish 3.0.2 and ISPConfig 3.0.4

    - by Warren Bullock III
    I followed the tutorial The Perfect Server - Ubuntu 11.10 [ISPConfig 3] here. I'm running an Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) server with 1024 RAM on Rackspace. I've gone through and updated to ISPConfig 3.0.4. Everything has been working great up to now when I decided to try and install Varnish. Initially I did an install of Varnish by issuing: apt-get update apt-get upgrade apt-get install varnish Apparently the version that was installed was Varnish 2.x so I went back and added the repositories for packages provided by varnish-cache.org curl http://repo.varnish-cache.org/debian/GPG-key.txt | apt-key add - echo "deb http://repo.varnish-cache.org/ubuntu/ lucid varnish-3.0" >> /etc/apt/sources.list apt-get update apt-get install varnish This updated my version of Varnish to 3.0.2 I then proceeded to make the following changes: vim /etc/default/varnish change DAEMON_OPTS to port 80: vim /etc/apache2/ports.conf NameVirtualHost *:8000 Listen 8000 vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:8000> vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/ispconfig.vhost Listen 8080 NameVirtualHost *:8080 <VirtualHost _default_:8080> I then proceeded to set my other vhosts to use 8000 (the apache2 port) so with all this set I reset both Apache2 and Varnish to test. I used Firebug in Firefox 11.0 The output from what I see doesn't seem to indicate that Varnish is working completely correct: First of all I see: X-Varnish 1644834493 but I've heard that unless you have two timestamps side by side than it's probably not working correctly so for example I was thinking I might see something like: X-Varnish 1644834493 1644837493 Also if I noticed this in the output which seems to be inconstant: X-Drupal-Cache MISS There are times when it will say HIT as well.... So the question here that I have is I think Varnish is partially working, however, why don't I see two timestamps on X-Varnish like I'm thinking I should and does the output of the screenshot I have look correct? If Varnish isn't working can someone tell me what I might being doing wrong? Thanks in advance.

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  • Windows 2008, IIS7 and virtual directories

    - by Thomas
    I created a virtual directory called test (C:\test) under the Default Web Site and added two simple test files (one html and one aspx). I thought I had to add the IUSR and NetworkService (for application pools) to C:\test and grant the users appropriate rights in order for IIS7 to serve the content. It appears that is not the case at all as I can view any files in the virtual directory (even if I convert it to an application) without changing or adding any security settings on the C:\test folder. I just installed IIS7 with ASP.NET on Windows 2008 without changing any settings besides adding the virtual directory. Am I missing something? Even my book on IIS7 states that the user accounts should be added an appropriate rights should be added. I added the following to answer the comments: I am referencing the file using a public IP http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/test/one.html and the IP nor localhost is in my trusted sites. I am not signed in on the server at all as I am accessing the content from my home machine and the content is on my production server. The following users/groups have access to c:\test on the server (Creator Owner, System, Administrators, Users) and the app pool is running under the default NetworkService account. I basically installed win2008, added the IIS role with asp.net. I then opened IIS7, added a virtual directory and copied two files to the directory to test. It works which is great but I want to understand why it works. How is it that IIS7 can access files in the C:\test folder without any permissions set.

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  • Adaptec 6405 RAID controller turned on red LED

    - by nn4l
    I have a server with an Adaptec 6405 RAID controller and 4 disks in a RAID 5 configuration. Staff in the data center called me because they noticed a red LED was turned on in one of the drive bays. I have then checked the status using 'arcconf getconfig 1' and I got the status message 'Logical devices/Failed/Degraded: 2/0/1'. The status of the logical devices was listed as 'Rebuilding'. However, I did not get any suspicious status of the affected physical device, the S.M.A.R.T. setting was 'no', the S.M.A.R.T. warnings were '0' and also 'arcconf getsmartstatus 1' returned no problems with any of the disk drives. The 'arcconf getlogs 1 events tabular' command gives lots of output (sorry, can't paste the log file here as I only have remote console access, I could post a screenshot though). Here are some sample entries: eventtype FSA_EM_EXPANDED_EVENT grouptype FSA_EXE_SCSI_GROUP subtype FSA_EXE_SCSI_SENSE_DATA subtypecode 12 cdb 28 00 17 c4 74 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 data 70 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 The 'arcconf getlogs 1 device tabular' command reports mediumErrors 1 for two of the disks. Today, I have checked the status of the controller again. Everything is back to normal, the controller status is now 'Logical devices/Failed/Degraded: 2/0/0', the logical devices are also all back to 'Optimal'. I was not able to check the LED status, my guess is that the red LED is off again. Now I have a lot of questions: what is a possible cause for the medium error, why it is not reported by the SMART log too? Should I replace the disk drives? They were purchased just a month ago. The rebuilding process took one or two days, is that normal? The disks are 2 TByte each and the storage system is mostly idling. the timestamp of the logs seem to show the moment of the log retrieval, not the moment of the incident. Please advise, all help is very appreciated.

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