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  • How different protocols interact with eachother in Twisted

    - by stsupermouse
    The scenario I want two different protocols interact with each other is as below: A and B is two different protocols. First A will interact with the server and retrieve some values. Only after A finishes retrieving the values , B will start to interact with the server. Now my problem is that is there an elegant way to initial B when A retrieves the values. Currently I just initial B in A's data process function. But i don't think that this is an elegant way. What I mean an elegant way is that the initialization of B is done by a flow controller or something like that, but not another protocol. Is there an elegant way? such using defered or any other things. I'm just new to twisted, not knowing very much about defered.... Thank you very much!

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  • sqlite3 'database is locked' won't go away with retries

    - by Azarias
    I have a sqlite3 database that is accessed by a few threads (3-4). I am aware of the general limitations of sqlite3 with regards to concurrency as stated http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q6 , but I am convinced that is not the problem. All of the threads both read and write from this database. Whenever I do a write, I have the following construct: try: Cursor.execute(q, params) Connection.commit() except sqlite3.IntegrityError: Notify except sqlite3.OperationalError: print sys.exc_info() print("DATABASE LOCKED; sleeping for 3 seconds and trying again") time.sleep(3) Retry On some runs, I won't even hit this block, but when I do, it never comes out of it (keeps retrying, but I keep getting the 'database is locked' error from exc_info. If I understand the reader/writer lock usage correctly, some amount of waiting should help with the contention. What this sounds like is deadlock, but I do not use any transactions in my code, and every SELECT or INSERT is simply a one off. Some threads, however, keep the same connection when they do their operation (which includes a mix of SELECTS and INSERTS and other modifiers). I would appericiate it if you could shade a light on this, and also ways around fixing it (besides using a different database engine.)

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  • Parsing html for domain links

    - by Hallik
    I have a script that parses an html page for all the links within it. I am getting all of them fine, but I have a list of domains I want to compare it against. So a sample list contains list=['www.domain.com', 'sub.domain.com'] But I may have a list of links that look like http://domain.com http://sub.domain.com/some/other/page I can strip off the http:// just fine, but in the two example links I just posted, they both should match. The first I would like to match against the www.domain.com, and the second, I would like to match against the subdomain in the list. Right now I am using url2lib for parsing the html. What are my options in completely this task?

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  • Matching strings

    - by Joy
    Write the function subStringMatchExact. This function takes two arguments: a target string, and a key string. It should return a tuple of the starting points of matches of the key string in the target string, when indexing starts at 0. Complete the definition for def subStringMatchExact(target,key): For example, subStringMatchExact("atgacatgcacaagtatgcat","atgc") would return the tuple (5, 15).

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  • In SqlAlchemy, how to ignore m2m relationship attributes when merge?

    - by ablmf
    There is a m2m relation in my models, User and Role. I want to merge a role, but i DO NOT want this merge has any effect on user and role relation-ship. Unfortunately, for some complicate reason, role.users if not empty. I tried to set role.users = None, but SA complains None is not a list. At this moment, I use sqlalchemy.orm.attributes.del_attribute, but I don't know if it's provided for this purpose.

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  • methods of metaclasses on class instances.

    - by Stefano Borini
    I was wondering what happens to methods declared on a metaclass. I expected that if you declare a method on a metaclass, it will end up being a classmethod, however, the behavior is different. Example >>> class A(object): ... @classmethod ... def foo(cls): ... print "foo" ... >>> a=A() >>> a.foo() foo >>> A.foo() foo However, if I try to define a metaclass and give it a method foo, it seems to work the same for the class, not for the instance. >>> class Meta(type): ... def foo(self): ... print "foo" ... >>> class A(object): ... __metaclass__=Meta ... def __init__(self): ... print "hello" ... >>> >>> a=A() hello >>> A.foo() foo >>> a.foo() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> AttributeError: 'A' object has no attribute 'foo' What's going on here exactly ? edit: bumping the question

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  • Right way to return proxy model instance from a base model instance in Django ?

    - by sotangochips
    Say I have models: class Animal(models.Model): type = models.CharField(max_length=255) class Dog(Animal): def make_sound(self): print "Woof!" class Meta: proxy = True class Cat(Animal): def make_sound(self): print "Meow!" class Meta: proxy = True Let's say I want to do: animals = Animal.objects.all() for animal in animals: animal.make_sound() I want to get back a series of Woofs and Meows. Clearly, I could just define a make_sound in the original model that forks based on animal_type, but then every time I add a new animal type (imagine they're in different apps), I'd have to go in and edit that make_sound function. I'd rather just define proxy models and have them define the behavior themselves. From what I can tell, there's no way of returning mixed Cat or Dog instances, but I figured maybe I could define a "get_proxy_model" method on the main class that returns a cat or a dog model. Surely you could do this, and pass something like the primary key and then just do Cat.objects.get(pk = passed_in_primary_key). But that'd mean doing an extra query for data you already have which seems redundant. Is there any way to turn an animal into a cat or a dog instance in an efficient way? What's the right way to do what I want to achieve?

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  • Union on ValuesQuerySet in django

    - by Wuxab
    I've been searching for a way to take the union of querysets in django. From what I read you can use query1 | query2 to take the union... This doesn't seem to work when using values() though. I'd skip using values until after taking the union but I need to use annotate to take the sum of a field and filter on it and since there's no way to do "group by" I have to use values(). The other suggestions I read were to use Q objects but I can't think of a way that would work. Do I pretty much need to just use straight SQL or is there a django way of doing this? What I want is: q1 = mymodel.objects.filter(date__lt = '2010-06-11').values('field1','field2').annotate(volsum=Sum('volume')).exclude(volsum=0) q2 = mymodel.objects.values('field1','field2').annotate(volsum=Sum('volume')).exclude(volsum=0) query = q1|q2 But this doesn't work and as far as I know I need the "values" part because there's no other way for Sum to know how to act since it's a 15 column table.

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  • How to separate comma separeted data from csv file?

    - by Rahul
    I have opened a csv file and I want to sort each string which is comma separeted and are in same line: ex:: file : name,sal,dept tom,10000,it o/p :: each string in string variable I have a file which is already open, so I can not use "open" API, I have to use "csv.reader" which have to read one line at a time.

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  • Trie Backtracking in Recursion

    - by Darksky
    I am building a tree for a spell checker with suggestions. Each node contains a key (a letter) and a value (array of letters down that path). So assume the following sub-trie in my big trie: W / \ a e | | k k | | is word--> e e | ... This is just a subpath of a sub-trie. W is a node and a and e are two nodes in its value array etc... At each node, I check if the next letter in the word is a value of the node. I am trying to support mistyped vowels for now. So 'weke' will yield 'wake' as a suggestion. Here's my searchWord function in my trie: def searchWord(self, word, path=""): if len(word) > 0: key = word[0] word = word[1:] if self.values.has_key(key): path = path + key nextNode = self.values[key] return nextNode.searchWord(word, path) else: # check here if key is a vowel. If it is, check for other vowel substitutes else: if self.isWord: return path # this is the word found else: return None Given 'weke', at the end when word is of length zero and path is 'weke', my code will hit the second big else block. weke is not marked as a word and so it will return with None. This will return out of searchWord with None. To avoid this, at each stack unwind or recursion backtrack, I need to check if a letter is a vowel and if it is, do the checking again. I changed the if self.values.has_key(key) loop to the following: if self.values.has_key(key): path = path + key nextNode = self.values[key] ret = nextNode.searchWord(word, path) if ret == None: # check if key == vowel and replace path # return nextNode.searchWord(... return ret What am I doing wrong here? What can I do when backtracking to achieve what I'm trying to do?

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  • Creating a custom widget using django for use on external sites

    - by ajt
    I have a new site that I am putting together and part of it has statistics for the site's users. I would like to create a widget that others can use on another website by invoking javascript that reads data from my server and shows that statistics for a given user, but I am having a hard time finding specific tutorials that covers this in django. I have seen the link at Alex Maradon's site [0], but it looks to me like that is passing html back to the widget and I am having a hard time figuring out how to do this using something like xml. Are there any django apps for doing this or does anyone know of good how-tos? [0] http://alexmarandon.com/articles/web_widget_jquery/

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  • beautifulsoup can't find exist href in file

    - by young001
    I have a html file like following: <form action="/2811457/follow?gsid=3_5bce9b871484d3af90c89f37" method="post"> <div> <a href="/2811457/follow?page=2&amp;gsid=3_5bce9b871484d3af90c89f37">next_page</a> &nbsp;<input name="mp" type="hidden" value="3" /> <input type="text" name="page" size="2" style='-wap-input-format: "*N"' /> <input type="submit" value="jump" />&nbsp;1/3 </div> </form> how to extract the "1/3" from the file? It is a part of html,I intend to make it clear. When I use beautifulsoup, I'm new to beautifulsoup,and I have look the document,but still confused. how to extract"1/3" from the html file? total_urls_num = soup.find(re.compile('.*/d\//d.*')) doesn't work As JBernardo said,\d should be a number,When I change to .*\d/\d.*,it doesn't work too. my code: from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup import re with open("html.txt","r") as f: response = f.read() print response soup = BeautifulSoup(response) delete_urls = soup.findAll('a', href=re.compile('follow\?page')) #works print delete_urls #total_urls_num = soup.find(re.compile('.*\d/\d.*')) total_urls_num = soup.find('input',style='submit') #can't work print total_urls_num

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  • has any tools easy to download or uploaed data from gae ..

    - by zjm1126
    i find this: http://aralbalkan.com/1784 but it is : Gaebar is an easy-to-use, standalone Django application that you can plug in to your existing Google App Engine Django or app-engine-patch-based Django applications on Google App Engine to give them datastore backup and restore functionality. my app is not based on django,so did you know any tools esay to do this . thanks

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  • Efficiently generate a 16-character, alphanumeric string

    - by ensnare
    I'm looking for a very quick way to generate an alphanumeric unique id for a primary key in a table. Would something like this work? def genKey(): hash = hashlib.md5(RANDOM_NUMBER).digest().encode("base64") alnum_hash = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', "", hash) return alnum_hash[:16] What would be a good way to generate random numbers? If I base it on microtime, I have to account for the possibility of several calls of genKey() at the same time from different instances. Or is there a better way to do all this? Thanks.

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  • How do I relate two models/tables in Django based on non primary non unique keys?

    - by wizard
    I've got two tables that I need to relate on a single field po_num. The data is imported from another source so while I have a little bit of control over what the tables look like but I can't change them too much. What I want to do is relate these two models so I can look up one from the other based on the po_num fields. What I really need to do is join the two tables so I can do a where on a count of the related table. I would like to do filter for all Order objects that have 0 related EDI856 objects. I tried adding a foreign key to the Order model and specified the db_column and to_fields as po_num but django didn't like that the fact that Edi856.po_num wasn't unique. Here are the important fields of my current models that let me display but not filter for the data that I want. class Edi856(models.Model): po_num = models.CharField(max_length=90, db_index=True ) class Order(models.Model): po_num = models.CharField(max_length=90, db_index=True) def in_edi(self): '''Has the edi been processed?''' return Edi856.objects.filter(po_num = self.po_num).count() Thanks for taking the time to read about my problem. I'm not sure what to do from here.

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  • Numpy Matrix keeps giving me an Error,

    - by uberjumper
    Okay this is werid, i keep getting the error, randomly. ValueError: matrix must be 2-dimensional So i tracked it down, and cornered it to basically something like this: a_list = [[(1,100) for _ in range(32)] for _ in range(32)] numpy.matrix(a_list) Whats wrong with this? If i print a_list it is clearly a 2d matrix of tuples, however numpy does not believe so.

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  • Accessing CSR extension stack in M2Crypto

    - by Charles Duffy
    Howdy! I have a certificate signing request with an extension stack added. When building a certificate based on this request, I would like to be able to access that stack to use in creating the final certificate. However, while M2Crypto.X509.X509 has a number of helpers for accessing extensions (get_ext, get_ext_at and the like), M2Crypto.X509.Request appears to provide only a member for adding extensions, but no way to inspect the extensions already associated with a given object. Am I missing something here?

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  • In plain English, what are Django generic views?

    - by allyourcode
    The first two paragraphs of this page explain that generic views are supposed to make my life easier, less monotonous, and make me more attractive to women (I made up that last one): http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/generic-views/#topics-generic-views I'm all for improving my life, but what do generic views actually do? It seems like lots of buzzwords are being thrown around, which confuse more than they explain. Are generic views similar to scaffolding in Ruby on Rails? The last bullet point in the intro seems to indicate this. Is that an accurate statement?

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  • Creating a Group of Groups in Django

    - by Greg
    I'm creating my own Group model; I'm not referring to the builtin Group model. I want each hroup to be a member of another group (it's parent), but there is the one "top" group that doesn't have a parent group. The admin interface won't let me create a group without entering a parent. I get the error personnel_group.parent_id may not be NULL. My Group model looks like this: class Group(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.ForeignKey('self', blank=True, null=True) order = models.IntegerField() icon = models.ImageField(upload_to='groups', blank=True, null=True) description = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True) How can I accomplish this? Thanks.

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  • need help in site classification

    - by goh
    hi guys, I have to crawl the contents of several blogs. The problem is that I need to classify whether the blogs the authors are from a specific school and is talking about the school's stuff. May i know what's the best approach in doing the crawling or how should i go about the classification?

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  • SQLAlchemy Expression Language problem

    - by Torkel
    I'm trying to convert this to something sqlalchemy expression language compatible, I don't know if it's possible out of box and are hoping someone more experienced can help me along. The backend is PostgreSQL and if I can't make it as an expression I'll create a string instead. SELECT DISTINCT date_trunc('month', x.x) as date, COALESCE(b.res1, 0) AS res1, COALESCE(b.res2, 0) AS res2 FROM generate_series( date_trunc('year', now() - interval '1 years'), date_trunc('year', now() + interval '1 years'), interval '1 months' ) AS x LEFT OUTER JOIN( SELECT date_trunc('month', access_datetime) AS when, count(NULLIF(resource_id != 1, TRUE)) AS res1, count(NULLIF(resource_id != 2, TRUE)) AS res2 FROM tracking_entries GROUP BY date_trunc('month', access_datetime) ) AS b ON (date_trunc('month', x.x) = b.when) First of all I got a class TrackingEntry mapped to tracking_entries, the select statement within the outer joined can be converted to something like (pseudocode):: from sqlalchemy.sql import func, select from datetime import datetime, timedelta stmt = select([ func.date_trunc('month', TrackingEntry.resource_id).label('when'), func.count(func.nullif(TrackingEntry.resource_id != 1, True)).label('res1'), func.count(func.nullif(TrackingEntry.resource_id != 2, True)).label('res2') ], group_by=[func.date_trunc('month', TrackingEntry.access_datetime), ]) Considering the outer select statement I have no idea how to build it, my guess is something like: outer = select([ func.distinct(func.date_trunc('month', ?)).label('date'), func.coalesce(?.res1, 0).label('res1'), func.coalesce(?.res2, 0).label('res2') ], from_obj=[ func.generate_series( datetime.now(), datetime.now() + timedelta(days=365), timedelta(days=1) ).label(x) ]) Then I suppose I have to link those statements together without using foreign keys: outer.outerjoin(stmt???).??(func.date_trunc('month', ?.?), ?.when) Anyone got any suggestions or even better a solution?

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  • How to give points for each indices of list

    - by Eric Jung
    def voting_borda(rank_ballots): '''(list of list of str) -> tuple of (str, list of int) The parameter is a list of 4-element lists that represent rank ballots for a single riding. The Borda Count is determined by assigning points according to ranking. A party gets 3 points for each first-choice ranking, 2 points for each second-choice ranking and 1 point for each third-choice ranking. (No points are awarded for being ranked fourth.) For example, the rank ballot shown above would contribute 3 points to the Liberal count, 2 points to the Green count and 1 point to the CPC count. The party that receives the most points wins the seat. Return a tuple where the first element is the name of the winning party according to Borda Count and the second element is a four-element list that contains the total number of points for each party. The order of the list elements corresponds to the order of the parties in PARTY_INDICES.''' #>>> voting_borda([['GREEN','NDP', 'LIBERAL', 'CPC'], ['GREEN','CPC','LIBERAL','NDP'], ['LIBERAL','NDP', 'CPC', 'GREEN']]) #('GREEN',[4, 6, 5, 3]) list_of_party_order = [] for sublist in rank_ballots: for party in sublist[0]: if party == 'GREEN': GREEN_COUNT += 3 elif party == 'NDP': NDP_COUNT += 3 elif party == 'LIBERAL': LIBERAL_COUNT += 3 elif party == 'CPC': CPC_COUNT += 3 for party in sublist[1]: if party == 'GREEN': GREEN_COUNT += 2 elif party == 'NDP': NDP_COUNT += 2 elif party == 'LIBERAL': LIBERAL_COUNT += 2 elif party == 'CPC': CPC_COUNT += 2 for party in sublist[2]: if party == 'GREEN': GREEN_COUNT += 1 elif party == 'NDP': NDP_COUNT += 1 elif party == 'LIBERAL': LIBERAL_COUNT += 1 elif party == 'CPC': CPC_COUNT += 1 I don't know how I would give points for each indices of the list MORE SIMPLY. Can someone please help me? Without being too complicated. Thank you!

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