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• How to find string in a string

  - by owca

  I somehow need to find the longest string in other string, so if string1 will be "Alibaba" and string2 will be "ba" , the longest string will be "baba". I have the lengths of strings, but what next ? char* fun(char* a, char& b) { int length1=0; int length2=0; int longer; int shorter; char end='\0'; while(a[i] != tmp) { i++; length1++; } int i=0; while(b[i] != tmp) { i++; length++; } if(dlug1 > dlug2){ longer = length1; shorter = length2; } else{ longer = length2; shorter = length1; } //logics here } int main() { char name1[] = "Alibaba"; char name2[] = "ba"; char &oname = *name2; cout << fun(name1, oname) << endl; system("PAUSE"); return 0; }

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• Making dtSearch highlight one hit per phrase, rather than one hit per word-in-a-phrase

  - by Chris

  I'm using dtSearch to highlight text search matches within a document. The code to do this, minus some details and cleanup, is roughly along these lines: SearchJob sj = new SearchJob(); sj.Request = "\"audit trail\""; // the user query sj.FoldersToSearch.Add(path_to_src_document); sj.Execute(); FileConverter fileConverter = new FileConverter(); fileConverter.SetInputItem(sj.Results, 0); fileConvert.BeforeHit = "<a name=\"HH_%%ThisHit%%\"/><b>"; fileConverter.AfterHit = "</b>"; fileConverter.Execute(); string myHighlightedDoc = fileConverter.OutputString; If I give dtSearch a quoted phrase query like "audit trail" then dtSearch will do hit highlighting like this: An <a name="HH_0"/><b>audit</b> <a name="HH_1"/><b>trail</b> is a fun thing to have an <a name="HH_2"/><b>audit</b> <a name="HH_last"/><b>trail</b> about! Note that each word of the phrase is highlighted separately. Instead, I would like phrases to get highlighted as whole units, like this: An <a name="HH_0"/><b>audit trail</b> is a fun thing to have an <a name="HH_last"/><b>audit trail</b> about! This would A) make highlighting look better, B) improve behavior of my javascript that helps users navigate from hit to hit, and C) give more accurate counts of total # hits. Is there good ways to make dtSearch highlight phrases this way?

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• F# Active Pattern List.filter or equivalent

  - by akaphenom

  I have a records of types type tradeLeg = { id : int ; tradeId : int ; legActivity : LegActivityType ; actedOn : DateTime ; estimates : legComponents ; entryType : ShareOrDollarBased ; confirmedPrice: DollarsPerShare option; actuals : legComponents option ; type trade = { id : int ; securityId : int ; ricCode : string ; tradeActivity : TradeType ; enteredOn : DateTime ; closedOn : DateTime ; tradeLegs : tradeLeg list ; } Obviously the tradeLegs are a type off of a trade. A leg may be settled or unsettled (or unsettled but price confirmed) - thus I have defined the active pattern: let (|LegIsSettled|LegIsConfirmed|LegIsUnsettled|) (l: tradeLeg) = if Helper.exists l.actuals then LegIsSettled elif Helper.exists l.confirmedPrice then LegIsConfirmed else LegIsUnsettled and then to determine if a trade is settled (based on all legs matching LegIsSettled pattern: let (|TradeIsSettled|TradeIsUnsettled|) (t: trade) = if List.exists ( fun l -> match l with | LegIsSettled -> false | _ -> true) t.tradeLegs then TradeIsSettled else TradeIsUnsettled I can see some advantages of this use of active patterns, however i would think there is a more efficient way to see if any item of a list either matches (or doesn't) an actie pattern without having to write a lambda expression specifically for it, and using List.exist. Question is two fold: is there a more concise way to express this? is there a way to abstract the functionality / expression (fun l - match l with | LegIsSettled - false | _ - true) Such that let itemMatchesPattern pattern item = match item with | pattern -> true | _ -> false such I could write (as I am reusing this design-pattern): let curriedItemMatchesPattern = itemMatchesPattern LegIsSettled if List.exists curriedItemMatchesPattern t.tradeLegs then TradeIsSettled else TradeIsUnsettled Thoughts?

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• Confused over behavior of List.mapi in F#

  - by James Black

  I am building some equations in F#, and when working on my polynomial class I found some odd behavior using List.mapi Basically, each polynomial has an array, so 3*x^2 + 5*x + 6 would be [|6, 5, 3|] in the array, so, when adding polynomials, if one array is longer than the other, then I just need to append the extra elements to the result, and that is where I ran into a problem. Later I want to generalize it to not always use a float, but that will be after I get more working. So, the problem is that I expected List.mapi to return a List not individual elements, but, in order to put the lists together I had to put [] around my use of mapi, and I am curious why that is the case. This is more complicated than I expected, I thought I should be able to just tell it to make a new List starting at a certain index, but I can't find any function for that. type Polynomial() = let mutable coefficients:float [] = Array.empty member self.Coefficients with get() = coefficients static member (+) (v1:Polynomial, v2:Polynomial) = let ret = List.map2(fun c p -> c + p) (List.ofArray v1.Coefficients) (List.ofArray v2.Coefficients) let a = List.mapi(fun i x -> x) match v1.Coefficients.Length - v2.Coefficients.Length with | x when x < 0 -> ret :: [((List.ofArray v1.Coefficients) |> a)] | x when x > 0 -> ret :: [((List.ofArray v2.Coefficients) |> a)] | _ -> [ret]

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• How to tell endianness from this output?

  - by Nick Rosencrantz

  I'm running this example program and I'm suppossed to be able to tell from the output what machine type it is. I'm certain it's from inspecting one or two values but how should I perform this inspection? /* pointers.c - Test pointers * Written 2012 by F Lundevall * Copyright abandoned. This file is in the public domain. * * To make this program work on as many systems as possible, * addresses are converted to unsigned long when printed. * The 'l' in formatting-codes %ld and %lx means a long operand. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int * ip; /* Declare a pointer to int, a.k.a. int pointer. */ char * cp; /* Pointer to char, a.k.a. char pointer. */ /* Declare fp as a pointer to function, where that function * has one parameter of type int and returns an int. * Use cdecl to get the syntax right, http://cdecl.org/ */ int ( *fp )( int ); int val1 = 111111; int val2 = 222222; int ia[ 17 ]; /* Declare an array of 17 ints, numbered 0 through 16. */ char ca[ 17 ]; /* Declare an array of 17 chars. */ int fun( int parm ) { printf( "Function fun called with parameter %d\n", parm ); return( parm + 1 ); } /* Main function. */ int main() { printf( "Message PT.01 from pointers.c: Hello, pointy World!\n" ); /* Do some assignments. */ ip = &val1; cp = &val2; /* The compiler should warn you about this. */ fp = fun; ia[ 0 ] = 11; /* First element. */ ia[ 1 ] = 17; ia[ 2 ] = 3; ia[ 16 ] = 58; /* Last element. */ ca[ 0 ] = 11; /* First element. */ ca[ 1 ] = 17; ca[ 2 ] = 3; ca[ 16 ] = 58; /* Last element. */ printf( "PT.02: val1: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val1, val1, val1 ); printf( "PT.03: val2: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val2, val2, val2 ); printf( "PT.04: ip: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &ip, (long) ip, (long) ip ); printf( "PT.05: Dereference pointer ip and we find: %d \n", *ip ); printf( "PT.06: cp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &cp, (long) cp, (long) cp ); printf( "PT.07: Dereference pointer cp and we find: %d \n", *cp ); *ip = 1234; printf( "\nPT.08: Executed *ip = 1234; \n" ); printf( "PT.09: val1: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val1, val1, val1 ); printf( "PT.10: ip: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &ip, (long) ip, (long) ip ); printf( "PT.11: Dereference pointer ip and we find: %d \n", *ip ); printf( "PT.12: val1: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val1, val1, val1 ); *cp = 1234; /* The compiler should warn you about this. */ printf( "\nPT.13: Executed *cp = 1234; \n" ); printf( "PT.14: val2: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val2, val2, val2 ); printf( "PT.15: cp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &cp, (long) cp, (long) cp ); printf( "PT.16: Dereference pointer cp and we find: %d \n", *cp ); printf( "PT.17: val2: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val2, val2, val2 ); ip = ia; printf( "\nPT.18: Executed ip = ia; \n" ); printf( "PT.19: ia[0]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ia[0], ia[0], ia[0] ); printf( "PT.20: ia[1]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ia[1], ia[1], ia[1] ); printf( "PT.21: ip: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &ip, (long) ip, (long) ip ); printf( "PT.22: Dereference pointer ip and we find: %d \n", *ip ); ip = ip + 1; /* add 1 to pointer */ printf( "\nPT.23: Executed ip = ip + 1; \n" ); printf( "PT.24: ip: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &ip, (long) ip, (long) ip ); printf( "PT.25: Dereference pointer ip and we find: %d \n", *ip ); cp = ca; printf( "\nPT.26: Executed cp = ca; \n" ); printf( "PT.27: ca[0]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ca[0], ca[0], ca[0] ); printf( "PT.28: ca[1]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ca[1], ca[1], ca[1] ); printf( "PT.29: cp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &cp, (long) cp, (long) cp ); printf( "PT.30: Dereference pointer cp and we find: %d \n", *cp ); cp = cp + 1; /* add 1 to pointer */ printf( "\nPT.31: Executed cp = cp + 1; \n" ); printf( "PT.32: cp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &cp, (long) cp, (long) cp ); printf( "PT.33: Dereference pointer cp and we find: %d \n", *cp ); ip = ca; /* The compiler should warn you about this. */ printf( "\nPT.34: Executed ip = ca; \n" ); printf( "PT.35: ca[0]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ca[0], ca[0], ca[0] ); printf( "PT.36: ca[1]: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &ca[1], ca[1], ca[1] ); printf( "PT.37: ip: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &ip, (long) ip, (long) ip ); printf( "PT.38: Dereference pointer ip and we find: %d \n", *ip ); cp = ia; /* The compiler should warn you about this. */ printf( "\nPT.39: Executed cp = ia; \n" ); printf( "PT.40: cp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &cp, (long) cp, (long) cp ); printf( "PT.41: Dereference pointer cp and we find: %d \n", *cp ); printf( "\nPT.42: fp: stored at %lx (hex); value is %ld (dec), %lx (hex)\n", (long) &fp, (long) fp, (long) fp ); printf( "PT.43: Dereference fp and see what happens.\n" ); val1 = (*fp)(42); printf( "PT.44: Executed val1 = (*fp)(42); \n" ); printf( "PT.45: val1: stored at %lx (hex); value is %d (dec), %x (hex)\n", (long) &val1, val1, val1 ); return( 0 ); } Output Message PT.01 from pointers.c: Hello, pointy World! PT.02: val1: stored at 21e50 (hex); value is 111111 (dec), 1b207 (hex) PT.03: val2: stored at 21e54 (hex); value is 222222 (dec), 3640e (hex) PT.04: ip: stored at 21eb8 (hex); value is 138832 (dec), 21e50 (hex) PT.05: Dereference pointer ip and we find: 111111 PT.06: cp: stored at 21e6c (hex); value is 138836 (dec), 21e54 (hex) PT.07: Dereference pointer cp and we find: 0 PT.08: Executed *ip = 1234; PT.09: val1: stored at 21e50 (hex); value is 1234 (dec), 4d2 (hex) PT.10: ip: stored at 21eb8 (hex); value is 138832 (dec), 21e50 (hex) PT.11: Dereference pointer ip and we find: 1234 PT.12: val1: stored at 21e50 (hex); value is 1234 (dec), 4d2 (hex) PT.13: Executed *cp = 1234; PT.14: val2: stored at 21e54 (hex); value is -771529714 (dec), d203640e (hex) PT.15: cp: stored at 21e6c (hex); value is 138836 (dec), 21e54 (hex) PT.16: Dereference pointer cp and we find: -46 PT.17: val2: stored at 21e54 (hex); value is -771529714 (dec), d203640e (hex) PT.18: Executed ip = ia; PT.19: ia[0]: stored at 21e74 (hex); value is 11 (dec), b (hex) PT.20: ia[1]: stored at 21e78 (hex); value is 17 (dec), 11 (hex) PT.21: ip: stored at 21eb8 (hex); value is 138868 (dec), 21e74 (hex) PT.22: Dereference pointer ip and we find: 11 PT.23: Executed ip = ip + 1; PT.24: ip: stored at 21eb8 (hex); value is 138872 (dec), 21e78 (hex) PT.25: Dereference pointer ip and we find: 17 PT.26: Executed cp = ca; PT.27: ca[0]: stored at 21e58 (hex); value is 11 (dec), b (hex) PT.28: ca[1]: stored at 21e59 (hex); value is 17 (dec), 11 (hex) PT.29: cp: stored at 21e6c (hex); value is 138840 (dec), 21e58 (hex) PT.30: Dereference pointer cp and we find: 11 PT.31: Executed cp = cp + 1; PT.32: cp: stored at 21e6c (hex); value is 138841 (dec), 21e59 (hex) PT.33: Dereference pointer cp and we find: 17 PT.34: Executed ip = ca; PT.35: ca[0]: stored at 21e58 (hex); value is 11 (dec), b (hex) PT.36: ca[1]: stored at 21e59 (hex); value is 17 (dec), 11 (hex) PT.37: ip: stored at 21eb8 (hex); value is 138840 (dec), 21e58 (hex) PT.38: Dereference pointer ip and we find: 185664256 PT.39: Executed cp = ia; PT.40: cp: stored at 21e6c (hex); value is 138868 (dec), 21e74 (hex) PT.41: Dereference pointer cp and we find: 0 PT.42: fp: stored at 21e70 (hex); value is 69288 (dec), 10ea8 (hex) PT.43: Dereference fp and see what happens. Function fun called with parameter 42 PT.44: Executed val1 = (*fp)(42); PT.45: val1: stored at 21e50 (hex); value is 43 (dec), 2b (hex)

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• Unexpected performance curve from CPython merge sort

  - by vkazanov

  I have implemented a naive merge sorting algorithm in Python. Algorithm and test code is below: import time import random import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math from collections import deque def sort(unsorted): if len(unsorted) <= 1: return unsorted to_merge = deque(deque([elem]) for elem in unsorted) while len(to_merge) > 1: left = to_merge.popleft() right = to_merge.popleft() to_merge.append(merge(left, right)) return to_merge.pop() def merge(left, right): result = deque() while left or right: if left and right: elem = left.popleft() if left[0] > right[0] else right.popleft() elif not left and right: elem = right.popleft() elif not right and left: elem = left.popleft() result.append(elem) return result LOOP_COUNT = 100 START_N = 1 END_N = 1000 def test(fun, test_data): start = time.clock() for _ in xrange(LOOP_COUNT): fun(test_data) return time.clock() - start def run_test(): timings, elem_nums = [], [] test_data = random.sample(xrange(100000), END_N) for i in xrange(START_N, END_N): loop_test_data = test_data[:i] elapsed = test(sort, loop_test_data) timings.append(elapsed) elem_nums.append(len(loop_test_data)) print "%f s --- %d elems" % (elapsed, len(loop_test_data)) plt.plot(elem_nums, timings) plt.show() run_test() As much as I can see everything is OK and I should get a nice N*logN curve as a result. But the picture differs a bit: Things I've tried to investigate the issue: PyPy. The curve is ok. Disabled the GC using the gc module. Wrong guess. Debug output showed that it doesn't even run until the end of the test. Memory profiling using meliae - nothing special or suspicious. ` I had another implementation (a recursive one using the same merge function), it acts the similar way. The more full test cycles I create - the more "jumps" there are in the curve. So how can this behaviour be explained and - hopefully - fixed? UPD: changed lists to collections.deque UPD2: added the full test code UPD3: I use Python 2.7.1 on a Ubuntu 11.04 OS, using a quad-core 2Hz notebook. I tried to turn of most of all other processes: the number of spikes went down but at least one of them was still there.

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• What's the best way to annotate this ggplot2 plot? [R]

  - by Matt Parker

  Here's a plot: library(ggplot2) ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = factor(cyl), y = hp, group = factor(am), color = factor(am))) + stat_smooth(fun.data = "mean_cl_boot", geom = "pointrange") + stat_smooth(fun.data = "mean_cl_boot", geom = "line") + geom_hline(yintercept = 130, color = "red") + annotate("text", label = "130 hp", x = .22, y = 135, size = 4) I've been experimenting with labeling the geom_hline in a few different ways, each of which does something I want but has a problem that the other methods don't have. annotate(), used above, is nice - the text is resizeable, black, and easy to position. But it can only be placed within the plot itself, not outside the plot like the axis labels. It also makes an "a" appear in the legend, which I can't dismiss with legend = FALSE. legend = FALSE works with geom_text, but I can't get geom_text to just be black - it seems to be getting tangled up in the line colorings. grid.text lets me put the text anywhere I want, but I can't seem to resize it. I can definitely accept the text being inside of the plot area, but I'd like to keep the legend clean. I feel like I'm missing something simple, but I'm just fried. Thanks in advance for your consideration.

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• Benefits of migrating my work to a new web development framework?

  - by John

  When I first started programming with PHP, I was ignorant of other php frameworks (like code igniter, cake php, etc...). So I fell into the trap of re-inventing wheels, which had the benefit of being "fun" and "educational". Overtime, I discovered other open source products that I found useful, like smarty templating engine, jquery library, tcpdf library, fdf etc...so I started bundling these technologies along with things I've built over the years into a LAMP development framework to make life easier for myself. This pass year, I've been having fun developing on the code igniter framework. It does many of the things I do in my framework. Coding in CI feels natural because the MVC and ORM feels similar to the MVC and ORM of my framework. So now I'm contemplating migrating a lot of the plugins in my framework over to CI. The pros and cons I can think of for such a project are: Pros: benefit from the vast community of CI developers lots of other developers will be familiar with it better documentation Cons: I've built a lot of useful plugins against my own framework, and it will take a lot of time to move even just the essential ones at the moment, I still, work faster against my own framework than CI, just because I'm more familiar with it even if I did migrate to CI, there will always be newer and better frameworks in the near future, and i'll be contemplating this scenario again So my question is the following: perhaps I should leave my old framework as is, and for each new project I receive, I make a decision on whether the requirements are best served by developing with CI or my own framework. Is this the right approach?

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• Can you recommend a full-text search engine?

  - by Jen

  Can you recommend a full-text search engine? (Preferably open source) I have a database of many (though relatively short) HTML documents. I want users to be able to search this database by entering one or more search words in my C++ desktop application. Hence, I’m looking for a fast full-text search solution to integrate with my app. Ideally, it should: Skip common words, such as the, of, and, etc. Support stemming, i.e. search for run also finds documents containing runner, running and ran. Be able to update its index in the background as new documents are added to the database. Be able to provide search word suggestions (like Google Suggest) Have a well-documented API To illustrate, assume the database has just two documents: Document 1: This is a test of text search. Document 2: Testing is fun. The following words should be in the index: fun, search, test, testing, text. If the user types t in the search box, I want the application to be able to suggest test, testing and text (Ideally, the application should be able to query the search engine for the 10 most common search words starting with t). A search for testing should return both documents. Other points: I don't need multi-user support I don't need support for complex queries The database resides on the user's computer, so the indexing should be performed locally. Can you suggest a C or C++ based solution? (I’ve briefly reviewed CLucene and Xapian, but I’m not sure if either will address my needs, especially querying the search word indexes for the suggest feature).

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• F# Seq.initInfinite giving StackOverflowException

  - by TrueWill

  I'm learning F#, and I am having trouble understanding why this crashes. It's an attempt to solve Project Euler problem 2. let rec fibonacci n = if n = 1 then 1 elif n = 2 then 2 else fibonacci (n - 1) + fibonacci (n - 2) let debugfibonacci n = printfn "CALC: %d" n fibonacci n let isEven n = n % 2 = 0 let isUnderLimit n = n < 55 let getSequence = //[1..30] Seq.initInfinite (fun n -> n) |> Seq.map debugfibonacci |> Seq.filter isEven |> Seq.takeWhile isUnderLimit Seq.iter (fun x -> printfn "%d" x) getSequence The final version would call a sum function (and would have a higher limit than 55), but this is learning code. As is, this gives a StackOverflowException. However, if I comment in the [1..30] and comment out the Seq.initInfinite, I get: CALC: 1 CALC: 2 2 CALC: 3 CALC: 4 CALC: 5 8 CALC: 6 CALC: 7 CALC: 8 34 CALC: 9 CALC: 10 CALC: 11 It appears to be generating items on demand, as I would expect in LINQ. So why does it blow up when used with initInfinite?

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• Memory Leak Looping cfmodule inside cffunction

  - by orangepips

  Hoping someone else can confirm or tell me what I'm doing wrong. I am able to consistently reproduce an OOM running by calling the file oom.cfm (shown below). Using jconsole I am able to see the request consumes memory and never releases it until complete. The issue appears to be calling <cfmodule> inside of <cffunction>, where if I comment out the <cfmodule> call things are garbage collected while the request is running. ColdFusion version: 9,0,1,274733 JVM Arguments java.home=C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_18 java.args=-server -Xms768m -Xmx768m -Dsun.io.useCanonCaches=false -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+UseParallelGC -Xbatch -Dcoldfusion.rootDir={application.home}/ -Djava.security.policy={application.home}/servers/41ep8/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/WEB-INF/cfusion/lib/coldfusion.policy -Djava.security.auth.policy={application.home}/servers/41ep8/cfusion.ear/cfusion.war/WEB-INF/cfusion/lib/neo_jaas.policy -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=56033 Test Case oom.cfm (this calls template.cfm below) <cffunction name="fun" output="false" access="public" returntype="any" hint=""> <cfset var local = structNew()/> <!--- comment out cfmodule and no OOM ---> <cfmodule template="template.cfm"> </cffunction> <cfset size = 1000 * 200> <cfloop from="1" to="#size#" index="idx"> <cfset fun()> <cfif NOT idx mod 1000> <cflog file="se-err" text="#idx# of #size#"> </cfif> </cfloop> template.cfm <!--- I am empty! --->

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• Writing a VM - well formed bytecode?

  - by David Titarenco

  Hi, I'm writing a virtual machine in C just for fun. Lame, I know, but luckily I'm on SO so hopefully no one will make fun :) I wrote a really quick'n'dirty VM that reads lines of (my own) ASM and does stuff. Right now, I only have 3 instructions: add, jmp, end. All is well and it's actually pretty cool being able to feed lines (doing it something like write_line(&prog[1], "jmp", regA, regB, 0); and then running the program: while (machine.code_pointer <= BOUNDS && DONE != true) { run_line(&prog[machine.cp]); } I'm using an opcode lookup table (which may not be efficient but it's elegant) in C and everything seems to be working OK. My question is more of a "best practices" question but I do think there's a correct answer to it. I'm making the VM able to read binary files (storing bytes in unsigned char[]) and execute bytecode. My question is: is it the VM's job to make sure the bytecode is well formed or is it just the compiler's job to make sure the binary file it spits out is well formed? I only ask this because what would happen if someone would edit a binary file and screw stuff up (delete arbitrary parts of it, etc). Clearly, the program would be buggy and probably not functional. Is this even the VM's problem? I'm sure that people much smarter than me have figured out solutions to these problems, I'm just curious what they are!

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• Help me to refactor this F# code to tail recursion

  - by Kev

  I write some code to learning F#. Here is a example: let nextPrime list= let rec loop n= match n with | _ when (list |> List.filter (fun x -> x <= ( n |> double |> sqrt |> int)) |> List.forall (fun x -> n % x <> 0)) -> n | _ -> loop (n+1) loop (List.max list + 1) let rec findPrimes num= match num with | 1 -> [2] | n -> let temp = findPrimes <| n-1 (nextPrime temp ) :: temp //find 10 primes findPrimes 10 |> printfn "%A" I'm very happy that it just works! I'm totally beginner to recursion Recursion is a wonderful thing. I think findPrimes is not efficient. Someone help me to refactor findPrimes to tail recursion if possible? BTW, is there some more efficient way to find first n primes?

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• Full-text search in C++

  - by Jen

  I have a database of many (though relatively short) HTML documents. I want users to be able to search this database by entering one or more search words in a C++ desktop application. Hence, I’m looking for a fast full-text search solution. Ideally, it should: Skip common words, such as the, of, and, etc. Support stemming, i.e. search for run also finds documents containing runner, running and ran. Be able to update its index in the background as new documents are added to the database. Be able to provide search word suggestions (like Google Suggest) To illustrate, assume the database has just two documents: Document 1: This is a test of text search. Document 2: Testing is fun. The following words should be in the index: fun, search, test, testing, text. If the user types t in the search box, I want the application to be able to suggest test, testing and text (Ideally, the application should be able to query the search engine for the 10 most common search words starting with t). A search for testing should return both documents. Can you suggest a C or C++ based solution? (I’ve briefly reviewed CLucene and Xapian, but I’m not sure if either will address my needs, especially querying the search word indexes for the suggest feature).

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• Comparing lists in Standard ML

  - by user1050640

  I am extremely new to SML and we just got out first programming assignment for class and I need a little insight. The question is: write an ML function, called minus: int list * int list -> int list, that takes two non-decreasing integer lists and produces a non-decreasing integer list obtained by removing the elements from the first input list which are also found in the second input list. For example, minus( [1,1,1,2,2], [1,1,2,3] ) = [1,2] minus( [1,1,2,3],[1,1,1,2,2] ) = [3] Here is my attempt at answering the question. Can anyone tell me what I am doing incorrectly? I don't quite understand parsing lists. fun minus(xs,nil) = [] | minus(nil,ys) = [] | minus(x::xs,y::ys) = if x=y then minus(xs,ys) else x :: minus(x,ys); Here is a fix I just did, I think this is right now? fun minus(L1,nil) = L1 | minus(nil,L2) = [] | minus(L1,L2) = if hd(L1) > hd(L2) then minus(L1,tl(L2)) else if hd(L1) = hd(L2) then minus(tl(L1),tl(L2)) else hd(L1) :: minus(tl(L1), L2);

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• Type classe, generic memoization

  - by nicolas

  Something quite odd is happening with y types and I quite dont understand if this is justified or not. I would tend to think not. This code works fine : type DictionarySingleton private () = static let mutable instance = Dictionary<string*obj, obj>() static member Instance = instance let memoize (f:'a -> 'b) = fun (x:'a) -> let key = f.ToString(), (x :> obj) if (DictionarySingleton.Instance).ContainsKey(key) then let r = (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] r :?> 'b else let res = f x (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] <- (res :> obj) res And this ones complains type DictionarySingleton private () = static let mutable instance = Dictionary<string*obj, _>() static member Instance = instance let memoize (f:'a -> 'b) = fun (x:'a) -> let key = f.ToString(), (x :> obj) if (DictionarySingleton.Instance).ContainsKey(key) then let r = (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] r :?> 'b else let res = f x (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] <- (res :> obj) res The difference is only the underscore in the dictionary definition. The infered types are the same, but the dynamic cast from r to type 'b exhibits an error. 'this runtime coercition ... runtime type tests are not allowed on some types, etc..' Am I missing something or is it a rough edge ?

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• Usage of VIsual Memory Leak Detector

  - by Yan Cheng CHEOK

  I found a very interesting memory leak detector by using Visual C++. http://www.codeproject.com/KB/applications/visualleakdetector.aspx I try it out, but cannot make it works to detect a memory leak code. I am using MS Visual Studio 2008. Any step I had missed out? #include "stdafx.h" #include "vld.h" #include <iostream> void fun() { new int[1000]; } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { fun(); std::cout << "lead?" << std::endl; getchar(); return 0; } The output when I run in debug mode is : ... ... 'Test.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.VC80.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_8.0.50727.4053_x-ww_e6967989\msvcr80.dll', Symbols loaded. 'Test.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\system32\msvcrt.dll', Symbols loaded (source information stripped). 'Test.exe': Loaded 'C:\WINDOWS\WinSxS\x86_Microsoft.VC90.DebugCRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.1_x-ww_f863c71f\msvcp90d.dll', Symbols loaded. 'Test.exe': Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Visual Leak Detector\bin\dbghelp.dll', Symbols loaded (source information stripped). Visual Leak Detector Version 1.9d installed. No memory leaks detected. Visual Leak Detector is now exiting. The program '[5468] Test.exe: Native' has exited with code 0 (0x0).

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• rabbitmq-erlang-client, using rebar friendly pkg, works on dev env fails on rebar release

  - by lfurrea

  I am successfully using the rebar-friendly package of rabbitmq-erlang-client for a simple Hello World rebarized and OTP "compliant" app and things work fine on the dev environment. I am able to fire up an erl console and do my application:start(helloworld). and connect to the broker, open up a channel and communicate to queues. However, then I proceed to do rebar generate and it builds up the release just fine, but when I try to fire up from the self contained release package then things suddenly explode. I know rebar releases are known to be an obscure art, but I would like to know what are my options as far as deployment for an app using the rabbitmq-erlang-client. Below you will find the output of the console on the crash: =INFO REPORT==== 18-Dec-2012::16:41:35 === application: session_record exited: {{{badmatch, {error, {'EXIT', {undef, [{amqp_connection_sup,start_link, [{amqp_params_network,<<"guest">>,<<"guest">>,<<"/">>, "127.0.0.1",5672,0,0,0,infinity,none, [#Fun<amqp_auth_mechanisms.plain.3>, #Fun<amqp_auth_mechanisms.amqplain.3>], [],[]}], []}, {supervisor2,do_start_child_i,3, [{file,"src/supervisor2.erl"},{line,391}]}, {supervisor2,handle_call,3, [{file,"src/supervisor2.erl"},{line,413}]}, {gen_server,handle_msg,5, [{file,"gen_server.erl"},{line,588}]}, {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3, [{file,"proc_lib.erl"},{line,227}]}]}}}}, [{amqp_connection,start,1, [{file,"src/amqp_connection.erl"},{line,164}]}, {hello_qp,start_link,0,[{file,"src/hello_qp.erl"},{line,10}]}, {session_record_sup,init,1, [{file,"src/session_record_sup.erl"},{line,55}]}, {supervisor_bridge,init,1, [{file,"supervisor_bridge.erl"},{line,79}]}, {gen_server,init_it,6,[{file,"gen_server.erl"},{line,304}]}, {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3, [{file,"proc_lib.erl"},{line,227}]}]}, {session_record_app,start,[normal,[]]}} type: permanent

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• is it possible to write a program which prints its own source code utilizing a "sequence-generating-

  - by guest

  is it possible to write a program which prints its own source code utilizing a "sequence-generating-function"? what i call a sequence-generating-function is simply a function which returns a value out of a specific interval (i.e. printable ascii-charecters (32-126)). the point now is, that this generated sequence should be the programs own source-code. as you see, implementing a function which returns an arbitrary sequence is really trivial, but since the returned sequence must contain the implementation of the function itself it is a highly non-trivial task. this is how such a program (and its corresponding output) could look like #include <stdio.h> int fun(int x) { ins1; ins2; ins3; . . . return y; } int main(void) { int i; for ( i=0; i<size of the program; i++ ) { printf("%c", fun(i)); } return 0; } i personally think it is not possible, but since i don't know very much about the underlying matter i posted my thoughts here. i'm really looking forward to hear some opinions!

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• Writing an auto-memoizer in Scheme. Help with macro and a wrapper.

  - by kunjaan

  I am facing a couple of problems while writing an auto-memoizer in Scheme. I have a working memoizer function, which creats a hash table and checks if the value is already computed. If it has been computed before then it returns the value else it calls the function. (define (memoizer fun) (let ((a-table (make-hash))) (?(n) (define false-if-fail (?() #f)) (let ((return-val (hash-ref a-table n false-if-fail))) (if return-val return-val (begin (hash-set! a-table n (fun n)) (hash-ref a-table n))))))) Now I want to create a memoize-wrapper function like this: (define (memoize-wrapper function) (set! function (memoizer function))) And hopefully create a macro called def-memo which defines the function with the memoize-wrapper. eg. the macro could expand to (memoizer (define function-name arguments body ...) or something like that. So that I should be able to do : (def-memo (factorial n) (cond ((= n 1) 1) (else (* n (factorial (- n 1)))))) which should create a memoized version of the factorial instead of the normal slow one. My problem is that the The memoize-wrapper is not working properly, it doesnt call the memoized function but the original function. I have no idea how to write a define inside of the macro. How do I make sure that I can get variable lenght arguments and variable length body? How do I then define the function and wrap it around with the memoizer? Thanks a lot.

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• optimize output value using a class and public member

  - by wiso

  Suppose you have a function, and you call it a lot of times, every time the function return a big object. I've optimized the problem using a functor that return void, and store the returning value in a public member: #include <vector> const int N = 100; std::vector<double> fun(const std::vector<double> & v, const int n) { std::vector<double> output = v; output[n] *= output[n]; return output; } class F { public: F() : output(N) {}; std::vector<double> output; void operator()(const std::vector<double> & v, const int n) { output = v; output[n] *= n; } }; int main() { std::vector<double> start(N,10.); std::vector<double> end(N); double a; // first solution for (unsigned long int i = 0; i != 10000000; ++i) a = fun(start, 2)[3]; // second solution F f; for (unsigned long int i = 0; i != 10000000; ++i) { f(start, 2); a = f.output[3]; } } Yes, I can use inline or optimize in an other way this problem, but here I want to stress on this problem: with the functor I declare and construct the output variable output only one time, using the function I do that every time it is called. The second solution is two time faster than the first with g++ -O1 or g++ -O2. What do you think about it, is it an ugly optimization?

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• Optimizing a "set in a string list" to a "set as a matrix" operation

  - by Eric Fournier

  I have a set of strings which contain space-separated elements. I want to build a matrix which will tell me which elements were part of which strings. For example: "" "A B C" "D" "B D" Should give something like: A B C D 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 1 Now I've got a solution, but it runs slow as molasse, and I've run out of ideas on how to make it faster: reverseIn <- function(vector, value) { return(value %in% vector) } buildCategoryMatrix <- function(valueVector) { allClasses <- c() for(classVec in unique(valueVector)) { allClasses <- unique(c(allClasses, strsplit(classVec, " ", fixed=TRUE)[[1]])) } resMatrix <- matrix(ncol=0, nrow=length(valueVector)) splitValues <- strsplit(valueVector, " ", fixed=TRUE) for(cat in allClasses) { if(cat=="") { catIsPart <- (valueVector == "") } else { catIsPart <- sapply(splitValues, reverseIn, cat) } resMatrix <- cbind(resMatrix, catIsPart) } colnames(resMatrix) <- allClasses return(resMatrix) } Profiling the function gives me this: $by.self self.time self.pct total.time total.pct "match" 31.20 34.74 31.24 34.79 "FUN" 30.26 33.70 74.30 82.74 "lapply" 13.56 15.10 87.86 97.84 "%in%" 12.92 14.39 44.10 49.11 So my actual questions would be: - Where are the 33% spent in "FUN" coming from? - Would there be any way to speed up the %in% call? I tried turning the strings into factors prior to going into the loop so that I'd be matching numbers instead of strings, but that actually makes R crash. I've also tried going for partial matrix assignment (IE, resMatrix[i,x] <- 1) where i is the number of the string and x is the vector of factors. No dice there either, as it seems to keep on running infinitely.

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• OpenType Font Parsing for Pleasure and Profit (anyone understand these damn tables?)

  - by mustISignUp

  So, this is mainly for fun, I'm poking around and trying to find my way inside a few fonts and i have a few questions i'd reeally appreciate some help on if anyone has done this kind of stuff. cmap table The fonts i am testing with contain several cmap subtables of different formats. I can read them, but i don't understand which i should be using. ie. what is the strategy for choosing the most appropriate subtable? Does this even make sense? glyf table This is really making my head hurt. I'm going by what is on here. Looking at the second table on that page.. I've got 'n' endPtsOfContours, 'n' instructions and 'n' flags but it is not clear to me if i have the same number of flags as contours (i know how many contours i have). Then, to make matters worse..(fun!) i have an array of xCoords and an array of yCoords. These arrays seem to be of indeterminate length and may contain data of either BYTE or SHORT but we are not going to tell you which.. Thanks to anyone willing to shed some light.

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• How to reduce a data frame keeping the order for other columns

  - by betabandido

  I am trying to reduce a data frame using the max function on a given column. I would like to preserve other columns but keeping the values from the same rows where each maximum value was selected. An example will make this explanation easier. Let us assume we have the following data frame: dframe <- data.frame(list(BENCH=sort(rep(letters[1:4], 4)), CFG=rep(1:4, 4), VALUE=runif(4 * 4) )) This gives me: BENCH CFG VALUE 1 a 1 0.98828096 2 a 2 0.19630597 3 a 3 0.83539540 4 a 4 0.90988296 5 b 1 0.01191147 6 b 2 0.35164194 7 b 3 0.55094787 8 b 4 0.20744004 9 c 1 0.49864470 10 c 2 0.77845408 11 c 3 0.25278871 12 c 4 0.23440847 13 d 1 0.29795494 14 d 2 0.91766057 15 d 3 0.68044728 16 d 4 0.18448748 Now, I want to reduce the data in order to select the maximum VALUE for each different BENCH: aggregate(VALUE ~ BENCH, dframe, FUN=max) This gives me the expected result: BENCH VALUE 1 a 0.9882810 2 b 0.5509479 3 c 0.7784541 4 d 0.9176606 Next, I tried to preserve other columns: aggregate(cbind(VALUE, CFG) ~ BENCH, dframe, FUN=max) This reduction returns: BENCH VALUE CFG 1 a 0.9882810 4 2 b 0.5509479 4 3 c 0.7784541 4 4 d 0.9176606 4 Both VALUE and CFG are reduced using max function. But this is not what I want. For instance, in this example I would like to obtain: BENCH VALUE CFG 1 a 0.9882810 1 2 b 0.5509479 3 3 c 0.7784541 2 4 d 0.9176606 2 where CFG is not reduced, but it just keeps the value associated to the maximum VALUE for each different BENCH. How could I change my reduction in order to obtain the last result shown?

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• Looking for a book which teaches how to write applications (as opposed to writng code)

  - by rumtscho

  I am not a developer. I have coded for fun and for university projects in several languages, and during an internship, I have written code which is still in use by a department of Fortune Global 500 company. I also have extensive theoretical knowledge of software engineering - process models, architecture, project management, UI construction using Lauesen's virtual windows... you get the picture. But I am not involved with software development in my job. I recently decided to start coding for fun again, and now I have some free days to do it. But this time, I want to do it right. I want to write a real, useful application, install it on my devices and use it myself. Also I want to publish it for others to use, should they want to do so. I am vaguely aware that there is more to writing an application than to writing code. There is stuff like version control software, decision for the right IDE, having a suite of unit tests, producing an installation package - and probably lots of other things I never thought of but which must be taken care of in a proper application, as opposed to a bunch of classes I am running from my IDE. All this is stuff I should know before I start, but I have not learned it. Coding books touch on some of the subjects like IDE choice, but don't go into detail, and are not exhaustive. Theoretical software engineering textbooks are even less helpful. So is there a book which teaches exactly that? I know that I can find information on each of these topics on the Internet, but I'd rather have a systematic book exhaustively listing all the things I should take care of if I want to create a good application, and offering the currently accepted solutions for them. In the best case, it will be language- and platform independent, but if you know of a good book focusing on a specific platform, I would like to know about it too. I know I want a lot, but given how important such knowledge is and how many people need it, surely somebody must have written such a book?

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