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• Free Updates and Errata for Oracle Linux

  - by Lenz Grimmer

  ISO images of the Oracle Linux installation media as well as individual binary RPMs (and the sources) of major and minor releases (Updates) have always been freely available for download, use and distribution, ever since we started the Oracle Linux support program. We're now taking this a step further: in addition to the above, we will now also provide updated packages or errata for free from separate yum repositories on http://public-yum.oracle.com. If you would like to keep your Oracle Linux system up to date, you can now do so by subscribing your system to the respective "_latest" repository for your distribution, e.g. "ol6_latest" for Oracle Linux 6. See the installation instructions on the public yum front page for details on how enable these repositories. If you would like to also receive free updates to the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 2, make sure to enable the "[ol6_UEK_latest]" repository as well - updates to the kernel will be made available from this separate channel until it is included in the next set of installation media. Now what does this mean for Oracle Network Support? Getting access to the updates and errata was just one part of the offering – the following benefits will still only be available with an Oracle Linux Support Subscription only: Full indemnification against intellectual property claims. Use of base functionality in Enterprise Manager 12c for Linux and Enterprise Manager OpsCenter for provisioning, patching, management and monitoring of Oracle Linux Access to additional software channels on the Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) (e.g. DTrace beta releases or ASM support packages) Wim also published a blog post with his take on the announcement.

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• How to structure an application that combines WCF and WPF

  - by CiaranG

  I'm in the process of learning how to use WCF (Windows Communication Foundation) to allow a client/server desktop application to communicate. The application's UI will be implemented using WPF, and we will probably use SQL Server for our database. What I'm struggling with, is understanding how to structure such an application. From what I've read, there are three components of a WCF application (which in the examples I've seen have existed as separate projects): A WCF service A WCF service host A WCF service client My question then, is - should these projects solely implement the functionality of sending/receiving data from the client/server? Would it make better sense this way? Would it make sense to create a separate WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) project to implement the UI for the application? And so, when I need to send/receive data from the client/server, I could simply invoke the operations provided in the WCF projects that I have created? For anyone who has built similar applications previously, perhaps you could explain what worked best for you in terms of structuring your application? For example, if I create a user registration page. When the user clicks the 'Register' button, the client application will need to send the data to the server. In this case, could I just invoke the methods provided in the WCF projects to send the data? Also, what data structures worked best for you when sending/receiving data? My initial thought is sending/receiving XML containing the data. Is this an option that is easy to implement? I realise that answers to this question may well be a matter of opinion - unless there are specific best practices that I'm not aware of. Thank you

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• Adding a forum to an existing site

  - by Andrew Heath

  I've got a site with ~500 registered members, 300 of which are what you'd call "active". Site data is kept in a MySQL dbase. I'd like to add a myBB forum to the site, but this question applies to any forum really. What I very much want to avoid is requiring my users to register both on the site and on the forum because my userbase is not technically literate and this would confuse a lot of them. However the forum software has its own registration, login, cookie, and password management system which naturally are different from the site's mechanics. I envision the following possibilities: install myBB into the existing database and customize the login code to unify the two systems. This would probably mean changing the site's code to use the myBB system as that would likely be less painful to refactor and wouldn't hurt future myBB upgrade ability. install myBB into separate database and write a bridging script of some sort that auto-registers existing site users with the forum if they elect to participate. Also check new forum registrations against the site's username list to prevent newcomers from taking existing names. run them fully separate and force users to re-register (easiest for ME, but least desirable for them) I would like a suggested course of action from those who have trod this path before... Thank you.

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• Xubuntu 12.04 : Random boot to black screen

  - by Thibaud Ruelle

  My xubuntu 12.04 has worked flawlessly since install in September. However, lately I randomly have the following boot issue : The computer boots to grub, and after choosing xubuntu either boots normally or boots to a black screen. Here are some observations I have made : The black screen seems to happen randomly. The black screen does not seem to happen in safe mode (- nomodeset in grub). The black screen does not allow me to ctrl + alt + F1-6 into a terminal. The black screen allows me to use SysRq keys (Alt + SysRq + K does not work though). The black screen often happens on first boot in several hours and the computer usually boots normally after a RSEINUB. When the computer boots I get "SP5100 TCO timer: mmio address 0xfec000f0 already in use" at startup and "Could not write bytes: broken pipe" at shutdown. However research on these errors did not yield answers to my particular issue. Comparing Xorg.0.log (successful boot) and Xorg.0.log.old (black screen), and reading the answers to similar problem, it seems that I might have a X driver issue. However the system worked flawlessly since lately. Additional info on my system : ACER AO722 C62kk Operating system : 3.2.0-31-generic ubuntu Edit : I made a fresh install of Xubuntu 12.04 x64, the issue is still there ... (I have a separate /home so config. files were not erased). Edit 2 : I followed troubleshooting blank screen, so my new observations are without quiet and splash in grub : When the system boots normally, the screen goes black after grub then lights up and displays text information then goes to login screen. (After that the desktop starting time vary substantially, which is new and may be a separate issue ?). When the boot fails, after grub the screen goes black, lights up, goes black, lights up again and most times goes black again. At this point it responds to Alt+SysReq K by lighting up but no more, and has to be rebooted through Alt+SysReq+ RSEINUB. Thank you for your time and attention in advance ! Thibaud Ruelle

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• Android threads trouble wrapping my head around design

  - by semajhan

  I am having trouble wrapping my head around game design. On the android platform, I have an activity and set its content view with a custom surface view. The custom surface view acts as my panel and I create instances of all classes and do all the drawing and calculation in there. Question: Should I instead create the instances of other classes in my activity? Now I create a custom thread class that handles the game loop. Question: How do I use this one class in all my activities? Or do I have to create a separate instance of the extended thread class each time? In my previous game, I had multiple levels that had to create an instance of the thread class and in the thread class I had to set constructor methods for each separate level and in the loop use a switch statement to check which level it needs to render and update. Sorry if that sounds confusing. I just want to know if the method I am using is inefficient (which it probably is) and how to go about designing it the correct way. I have read many tutorials out there and I am still having lots of trouble with this particular topic. Maybe a link to a some tutorials that explain this? Thanks.

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• Android threads trouble wrapping my head around design

  - by semajhan

  I am having trouble wrapping my head around game design. On the android platform, I have an activity and set its content view with a custom surface view. The custom surface view acts as my panel and I create instances of all classes and do all the drawing and calculation in there. Question: Should I instead create the instances of other classes in my activity? Now I create a custom thread class that handles the game loop. Question: How do I use this one class in all my activities? Or do I have to create a separate thread each time? In my previous game, I had multiple levels that had to create an instance of the thread class and in the thread class I had to set constructor methods for each separate level and in the loop use a switch statement to check which level it needs to render and update. Sorry if that sounds confusing. I just want to know if the method I am using is inefficient (which it probably is) and how to go about designing it the correct way. I have read many tutorials out there and I am still having lots of trouble with this particular topic. Maybe a link to a some tutorials that explain this? Thanks.

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• Tracking state of a one time event on a big website

  - by Mattis

  Assume a website with 250 million active users. I add a new feature to the website. Once a user visits I want to use a short tutorial to teach them how to use said feature. I only want them to complete the tutorial once (or actively click it away). What is the smart way to code the verification check for this? How do I track the progress in the database? Having a separate table with like NewTutorial_completed = 1 for user_id = 21312315 would just snowball. It also feels intuitively bad to check for every one-time event for every user on every page view. While writing the question I got one idea, to have a separate event log that is checked periodically for any new action the user need to see or perform. I push events to this log and once they are completed they are removed from the log. No need to store NewTutorial_completed = 1-type variables this way. I am sure this is a common problem. I would appreciate any input on what best practice is.

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• SQL SERVER – Grouping by Multiple Columns to Single Column as A String

  - by pinaldave

  One of the most common questions I receive in email is how to group multiple column data in comma separate values in a single row grouping by another column. I have previously blogged about it in following two blog posts. However, both aren’t addressing the following exact problem. Comma Separated Values (CSV) from Table Column Comma Separated Values (CSV) from Table Column – Part 2 The question comes in many different formats but in following image I am demonstrating the same question in simple words. This is the most popular question on my Facebook page as well. (Example) Here is the sample script to build the sample dataset. CREATE TABLE TestTable (ID INT, Col VARCHAR(4)) GO INSERT INTO TestTable (ID, Col) SELECT 1, 'A' UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'B' UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'C' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'A' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'B' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'C' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'D' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'E' GO SELECT * FROM TestTable GO Here is the solution which will build an answer to the above question. -- Get CSV values SELECT t.ID, STUFF( (SELECT ',' + s.Col FROM TestTable s WHERE s.ID = t.ID FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'') AS CSV FROM TestTable AS t GROUP BY t.ID GO I hope this is an easy solution. I am going to point to this blog post in the future for all the similar questions. Final Clean Up Act -- Clean up DROP TABLE TestTable GO Here is the question back to you - Is there any better way to write above script? Please leave a comment and I will write a separate blog post with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL XML

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• Avoiding the Anaemic Domain - How to decide what single responsibility a class has

  - by thecapsaicinkid

  Even after reading a bunch I'm still falling into the same trap. I have a class, usually an enity. I need to implement more than one, similar operations on this type. It feels wrong to (seemingly arbitrarily) choose one of these operations to belong inside the entity and push the others out to a separate class; I end up pushing all operations to service classes and am left with an anaemic domain. As a crude example, imagine the typical Employee class with numeric properties to hold how many paid days the employee is entitled to for both sickness and holiday and a collection of days taken for each. public class Employee { public int PaidHolidayAllowance { get; set; } public int PaidSicknessAllowance { get; set; } public IEnumerable<Holiday> Holidays { get; set; } public IEnumerable<SickDays> SickDays { get; set; } } I want two operations, one to calculate remaining holiday, another for remaining paid sick days. It seems strange to include say, CalculateRemaingHoliday() in the Employee class and bump CalculateRemainingPaidSick() to some PaidSicknessCalculator class. I would end up with a PaidSicknessCalculator and a RemainingHolidayCalculator and the anaemic Employee entity as seen above. The other alternative would be to put both operations in the Employee class and kick Single Responsibility to the curb. That doesn't make for particularly maintainable code. I suppose the Employee class should have some initialisation/validation logic (not accepting negative alowances etc.) So maybe I just stick to basic initialisation and validation in the entities themselves and be happy with my separate calculator classes. Or maybe I should be asking myself if Anaemic Domain is actually causing me some tangible problems with my code.

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• How to manage own bots at the server?

  - by Nikolay Kuznetsov

  There is a game server and people can play in game rooms of 2, 3 or 4. When a client connects to server he can send a request specifying a number of people or range he wants to play with. One of this value is valid: {2-4, 2-3, 3-4, 2, 3, 4} So the server maintains 3 separate queues for game room with 2, 3 and 4 people. So we can denote queues as #2, #3 and #4. It work the following way. If a client sends request, 3-4, then two separate request are added to queues #3 and #4. If queue #3 now have 3 requests from different people then game room with 3 players is created, and all other requests from those players are removed from all queues. Right now not many people are online simultaneously, so they apply for a game wait for some time and quit because game does not start in a reasonable time. That's a simple bot for beginning has been developed. So there is a need to patch server code to run a bot, if some one requests a game, but humans are not online. Input: request from human {2-4, 2-3, 3-4, 2, 3, 4} Output: number of bots to run and time to wait for each before connecting, depending on queues state. The problem is that I don't know how to manage bots properly at the server? Example: #3 has 1 request and #4 has 1 request Request from user is {3,4} then server can add one bot to play game with 3 people or two bots to play game of 4. Example: #3 has 1 request and #4 has 2 requests Request from user is {3,4} then in each case just one bot is needed so game with 4 players is more preferrable.

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• In Scrum, should you split up the backlog in a functional backlog and a technical backlog or not?

  - by Patrick

  In our Scrum teams we use a backlog, which mostly contains functional topics, but also sometimes contains technical topics. The advantage of having 1 backlog is that it becomes easy to choose the topics for the next sprint, but I have some questions: First, to me it seems more logical to have a separate technical backlog, where developers themselves can add pure technical items, like: we could improve performance in this method, this class lacks some technical documentation, ... By having one backlog, all developers always have to pass via the product owner to have their topics added to the backlog, which seems additional, unnecessary work for the product owner. Second, if you have a product owner that only focuses on the pure-functional items, the pure-technical items (like missing technical documentation, code that erodes and should be refactored, classes that always give problems during debugging because they don't have a stable foundation and should be refactored, ...) always end up at the end of the list because "they don't serve the customer directly". By having a separate technical backlog, and time reserved in every sprint for these pure technical items, we can improve the applications functionally, but also keep them healthy inside. What is the best approach? One backlog or two?

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• Multiple sites with the same codebase in Python

  - by Jimmy

  I am trying to run a large amount of sites which share about 90% of their code. They are simply designed to query an API and return the results. They will have a common userbase / database but will be configured slightly different and will have different CSS (perhaps even different templating). My initial idea was to run them as separate applications with a common library but I have read about the sites framework which would allow them to run from a single instance of Django which may help to reduce memory usage. https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/sites/ Is the site framework the right approach to a problem like this, and does it have real benefits over running separate applications? Initially I thought it was, but now I think otherwise. I have heard the following: Your SITE_ID is set in settings.py, so in order to have multiple sites, you need multiple settings.py configurations, which means multiple distinct processes/instances. You can of course share the code base between them, but each site will need a dedicated worker / WSGIDaemon to serve the site. This effectively removes any benefit of running multiple sites under one hood, if each site needs a UWSGI instance running. Alternative ideas of systems: https://github.com/iivvoo/django_layers https://github.com/shestera/django-multisite I don't know what route to be taking with this.

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• 12.04, nvidia-settings makes one of my dual monitors grey and useless, disables network

  - by Kerrick

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 64-bit, Precise Pangolin, with a PNY GTS 250 1GB video card and a monitor plugged into each of the DVI ports. I'm using the proprietary drivers (post-release updates). If I set anything to do with Separate X Screens up in nvidia-settings (and write it to xorg.conf and reboot), my second monitor has a grey background, no menu bar, no ability to have a window on it, the second monitor doesn't get picked up in a screneshot, and if I move my mouse cursor to it it's an ugly black X. Plus, my network is unable to connect to anything. If I subsequently delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf and reboot, everything goes back to working, albeit with a single monitor activated. If I set anything to do with TwinView up in nvidia-settings, my second monitor starts working, but it isn't seen as a second monitor by Ubuntu, so I can't apply color calibration to it separately. Plus, my mouse gets "caught" between the monitors every time I try to move my cursor between the two. What gives? If it helps, this is the xorg.conf that nvidia-settings generates for Separate X Screens.

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• MVC and individual elements of the model under a common base class

  - by Stewart

  Admittedly my experience of using the MVC pattern is limited. It might be argued that I don't really separate the V from the C, though I keep the M separate from the VC to the extent I can manage. I'm considering the scenario in which the application's model includes a number of elements that have a common base class. For example, enemy characters in a video game, or shape types in a vector graphics app. The view wants to render these elements. Of course, the different subclasses call for different rendering. The problem is that the elements are part of the model. Rendering them is conceptually part of the view. But how they are to be rendered depends on parameters of both: Attributes and state of the element are parameters of the model User settings are parameters of the view - and to support multiple platforms and/or view modes, different views may be used What's your preferred way of dealing with this? Put the rendering code in the model classes, passing in any view parameters? Put the rendering code in the view, using a switch or similar to select the right rendering for the model element type? Have some intermediate classes as a model-view interface, of which the model will create objects on demand and the view will then render them? Something else?

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• In agile environment, how is bug tracking and iteration tracking consolidated.

  - by DXM

  This topic stemmed from my other question about management-imposed waterfall-like schedule. From the responses in the other thread, I gathered this much about what is generally advised: Each story should be completed with no bugs. Story is not closed until all bugs have been addressed. No news there and I think we can all agree with this. If at a later date QA (or worse yet a customer) finds a bug, the report goes into a bug tracking database and also becomes a story which should be prioritized just like all other work. Does this sum up general handling of bugs in agile environment? If yes, the part I'm curious about is how do teams handle tracking in two different systems? (unless most teams don't have different systems). I've read a lot of advice (including Joel's blog) on software development in general and specifically on importance of a good bug tracking tool. At the same time when you read books on agile methodology, none of them seem to cover this topic because in "pure" agile, you finish iteration with no bugs. Feels like there's a hole there somewhere. So how do real teams operate? To track iterations you'd use (whiteboard, Rally...), to track bugs you'd use something from another set of products (if you are lucky enough, you might even get stuck with HP Quality Center). Should there be 2 separate systems? If they are separate, do teams spend time creating import/sync functionality between them? What have you done in your company? Is bug tracking software even used? Or do you just go straight to creating a story?

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• nvidia-settings makes one of my dual monitors grey and useless, disables network

  - by Kerrick

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 64-bit, Precise Pangolin, with a PNY GTS 250 1GB video card and a monitor plugged into each of the DVI ports. I'm using the proprietary drivers (post-release updates). If I set anything to do with Separate X Screens up in nvidia-settings (and write it to xorg.conf and reboot), my second monitor has a grey background, no menu bar, no ability to have a window on it, the second monitor doesn't get picked up in a screneshot, and if I move my mouse cursor to it it's an ugly black X. Plus, my network is unable to connect to anything. If I subsequently delete /etc/X11/xorg.conf and reboot, everything goes back to working, albeit with a single monitor activated. If I set anything to do with TwinView up in nvidia-settings, my second monitor starts working, but it isn't seen as a second monitor by Ubuntu, so I can't apply color calibration to it separately. Plus, my mouse gets "caught" between the monitors every time I try to move my cursor between the two. What gives? If it helps, this is the xorg.conf that nvidia-settings generates for Separate X Screens.

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• Can Clojure's thread-based agents handle c10k performance?

  - by elliot42

  I'm writing a c10k-style service and am trying to evaluate Clojure's performance. Can Clojure agents handle this scale of concurrency with its thread-based agents? Other high performance systems seem to be moving towards async-IO/events/greenlets, albeit at a seemingly higher complexity cost. Suppose there are 10,000 clients connected, sending messages that should be appended to 1,000 local files--the Clojure service is trying to write to as many files in parallel as it can, while not letting any two separate requests mangle the same single file by writing at the same time. Clojure agents are extremely elegant conceptually--they would allow separate files to be written independently and asynchronously, while serializing (in the database sense) multiple requests to write to the same file. My understanding is that agents work by starting a thread for each operation (assume we are IO-bound and using send-off)--so in this case is it correct that it would start 1,000+ threads? Can current-day systems handle this number of threads efficiently? Most of them should be IO-bound and sleeping most of the time, but I presume there would still be a context-switching penalty that is theoretically higher than async-IO/event-based systems (e.g. Erlang, Go, node.js). If the Clojure solution can handle the performance, it seems like the most elegant thing to code. However if it can't handle the performance then something like Erlang or Go's lightweight processes might be preferable, since they are designed to have tens of thousands of them spawned at once, and are only moderately more complex to implement. Has anyone approached this problem in Clojure or compared to these other platforms? (Thanks for your thoughts!)

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• How to update entity states and animations in a component-based game

  - by mivic

  I'm trying to design a component-based entity system for learning purposes (and later use on some games) and I'm having some troubles when it comes to updating entity states. I don't want to have an update() method inside the Component to prevent dependencies between Components. What I currently have in mind is that components hold data and systems update components. So, if I have a simple 2D game with some entities (e.g. player, enemy1, enemy 2) that have Transform, Movement, State, Animation and Rendering components I think I should have: A MovementSystem that moves all the Movement components and updates the State components And a RenderSystem that updates the Animation components (the animation component should have one animation (i.e. a set of frames/textures) for each state and updating it means selecting the animation corresponding to the current state (e.g. jumping, moving_left, etc), and updating the frame index). Then, the RenderSystem updates the Render components with the texture corresponding to the current frame of each entity's Animation and renders everything on screen. I've seen some implementations like Artemis framework, but I don't know how to solve this situation: Let's say that my game has the following entities. Each entity have a set of states and one animation for each state: player: "idle", "moving_right", "jumping" enemy1: "moving_up", "moving_down" enemy2: "moving_left", "moving_right" What are the most accepted approaches in order to update the current state of each entity? The only thing that I can think of is having separate systems for each group of entities and separate State and Animation components so I would have PlayerState, PlayerAnimation, Enemy1State, Enemy1Animation... PlayerMovementSystem, PlayerRenderingSystem... but I think this is a bad solution and breaks the purpose of having a component-based system. As you can see, I'm quite lost here, so I'd very much appreciate any help.

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• Semantic Versioning and splitting apart a library, providing a bundled build

  - by Derick Bailey

  I've got a nice, fairly popular JavaScript library that is following Semantic Versioning. The current library has a few dependency libraries, which are available either as separate downloads or as part of a single bundled download. I see a need to head down this path further. I want to extract additional, smaller libraries out of the one larger library. Each of these extracted libraries would be available as separate files, or inside of the one bundled build, again. If I go down this path of extracting the libraries, and providing a bundled version of the final code, does this require a full version change in semantic versioning? Would I have to bump from 1.x to 2.x? My first thought it no: I will not change any public API, so I don't have to change the major version number. But then I wonder... well, I am restructuring a lot of things, even though the final API for the bundled version would be the same. Is there a clear answer from semver on something like this? Do I need to bump first, second or third dot? Or something else?

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• Tackling thin content on an images gallery

  - by Ted Wilmont

  We run an images gallery as part of our site, however we have over 8,000 images and every image has a separate HTML page of its own to display the image caption, related image and comments from users of the site. This seems to be a problem especially with the Google Panda update because these pages are technically "thin content". What would be the best way to tackle this? We'd love some feedback and advice regarding this scenario. We have a few options we thought of already but can't decide: We could noindex the separate image pages and loose any image search listings we have for the image in favour of removing these thin pages from the index. We could 301 all of the individual image pages back to the image category listing and anchor each image (e.g. #img2122) and include all of the comments and description on the category listing page itself. If we was to simply list all of the images and content on the category pages themself; what's the best method? We could add all of the content in the anchor tags and use jQuery to display them in a box when a user clicks on the image or we could use Ajax to retrieve the information. However, what's the best Ajax method for SEO? Any ideas, suggestions, tips or advice is greatly appreciated and thank you in advance for any given.

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• How do I get back hard drive space after I have uninstalled Ubuntu from Windows?

  - by Shantanu

  I installed Ubuntu on windows like it says to do it on Ubuntu's website as an application. I did not want it to create a separate partition on my hard drive. A few days ago, I uninstalled Ubuntu by going into the Windows control panel and hitting uninstall. As you would expect, I would get back my 100 or so gb on the disc. i never really installed anything of importance on ubuntu so i never had a second thought about uninstalling it. But I never got back my 100gb from Ubuntu. Now when I add up all of the folders on my c drive, they total to the amount I had on windows before I uninstalled Ubuntu but when I look at the My Computer screen, it says that another 100 or so gb is missing. I tried defragmenting the disc, downloading various disc managers but nothing fixed the space problem. Can anyone please help me with this!!??? Any help is much appreciated! Just making sure: UBUNTU WAS NOT ON A SEPARATE PARTITION, IT WAS INSTALLED AS AN APPLICATION ON WINDOWS. It tells yuo how to do this here except i did it with a much older version (i think it was 8.04 or soemthing): http://www.ubuntu.com/download/help/install-ubuntu-with-windows

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• Resize a pendrive Linux?

  - by user11239

  I'm running Ubuntu from USB media, which has a drive capacity of 250 GB, all existing as one FAT32 partition. However, when I created the bootable Ubuntu drive, only 4.79 GB were allocated for usage. Rather than put files directly into the /cdrom where the drive is mounted, I want to expand what is listed here in aufs to be at least 200 GB. I'm hopeful that I can do this live. Output of df : Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on aufs 4051904 4050108 0 100% / none 1542852 284 1542568 1% /dev /dev/sdb1 244076800 4901648 239175152 3% /cdrom /dev/loop0 688000 688000 0 100% /rofs none 1547840 1496 1546344 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 1547840 4828 1543012 1% /tmp none 1547840 80 1547760 1% /var/run none 1547840 0 1547840 0% /var/lock none 1547840 0 1547840 0% /lib/init/rw Output of fdisk -l : Disk /dev/sdb: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00083fe4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 30401 244196001 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) So basically what I want to do is get /dev/sdb1 to be entirely, or almost entirely read as aufs. I'm confused over how to do this, as the file systems are all part of /dev/sdb1 on one big partition, rather than separate partitions for separate file systems.

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• Recommended storage scheme for home server? (LVM/JBOD/RAID 5...)

  - by j-g-faustus

  Are there any guidelines for which storage scheme(s) makes most sense for a multiple-disk home server? I am assuming a separate boot/OS disk (so bootability is not a concern, this is for data storage only) and 4-6 storage disks of 1-2 TB each, for a total storage capacity in the range 4-12 TB. The file system is ext4, I expect there will be only one big partition spanning all disks. As far as I can tell, the alternatives are individual disks pros: works with any combination of disk sizes; losing a disk loses only the data on that disk; no need for volume management. cons: data management is clumsy when logical units (like a "movies" folder) are larger than the capacity of any single drive. JBOD span pros: can merge disks of any size. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks LVM pros: can merge disks of any size; relatively simple to add and remove disks. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks RAID 0 pros: speed cons: losing one drive loses all data; disks must be same size RAID 5 pros: data survives losing one disk cons: gives up one disk worth of capacity; disks must be same size RAID 6 pros: data survives losing two disks cons: gives up two disks worth of capacity; disks must be same size I'm primarily considering either LVM or JBOD span simply because it will let me reuse older, smaller-capacity disks when I upgrade the system. The runner-up is RAID 0 for speed. I'm planning on having full backups to a separate system, so I expect the extra redundancy from RAID levels 5 or 6 won't be important. Is this a fair representation of the alternatives? Are there other considerations or alternatives I have missed? And what would you recommend?

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• Script/tool to import series of snapshots, each being a new edition, into GIT, populating source tree?

  - by Rob

  I've developed code locally and taken a fairly regular snapshot whenever I reach a significant point in development, e.g. a working build. So I have a long-ish list of about 40 folders, each folder being a snapshot e.g. in ascending date YYYYMMDD order, e.g.:- 20100523 20100614 20100721 20100722 20100809 20100901 20101001 20101003 20101104 20101119 20101203 20101218 20110102 I'm looking for a script to import each of these snapshots into GIT. The end result being that the latest code is the same as the last snapshot, and other editions are accessible and are as numbered. Some other requirements: that the latest edition is not cumulative of the previous snapshots, i.e., files that appeared in older snapshots but which don't appear in later ones (e.g. due to refactoring etc.) should not appear in the latest edition of the code. meanwhile, there should be continuity between files that do persist between snapshots. I would like GIT to know that there are previous editions of these files and not treat them as brand new files within each edition. Some background about my aim: I need to formally revision control this work rather than keep local private snapshot copies. I plan to release this work as open source, so version controlling would be highly recommended I am evaluating some of the current popular version control systems (Subversion and GIT) BUT I definitely need a working solution in GIT as well as subversion. I'm not looking to be persuaded to use one particular tool, I need a solution for each tool I am considering. (I haved posted an answer separately for each tool so separate camps of folks who have expertise in GIT and Subversion will be able to give focused answers on one or the other). The same but separate question for Subversion: Script/tool to import series of snapshots, each being a new revision, into Subversion, populating source tree?

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• Which Graphics/Geometry abstraction to choose?

  - by Robz

  I've been thinking about the design for a browser app on the HTML5 canvas that simulates a 2D robot zooming around, sensing the world around it. I decided to do this from scratch just for fun. I need shapes, like polygons, circles, and lines in order to model the robot and the world it lives in. These shapes need to be drawn with different appearance attributes, like border/fill style/width/color. I also need to have geometry functions to detect intersections and containment for the robot's sensors and so that the robot doesn't go inside stuff. One idea for functions is to have two totally separate libraries, one to implement graphics (like drawShape(context, shape)) and one for geometry operations (like shapeIntersectsShape(shape1, shape2)). Or, in a more object-oriented approach, the shape objects themselves could implement methods to do their own graphics (shape.draw(context)) and geometry operations (shape1.intersects(shape2)). Then there is the data itself: whether the data to draw a shape and the data to do geometric operations on that shape should be encapsulated within the same object, or be separate structures (where one would contain the other, or both be contained inside another structure). How do existing applications that do graphics/geometry stuff deal with this? Is there one model that is best, or is each good for certain applications? Should the fact that I'm using Javascript instead of a more classical language change how I approach the design?

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