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  • An XEvent a Day (21 of 31) – The Future – Tracking Blocking in Denali

    - by Jonathan Kehayias
    One of my favorite features that was added to SQL Server 2005 has been the Blocked Process Report trace event which collects an XML report whenever a process is blocked inside of the database engine longer than the user configurable threshold.  I wrote an article about this feature on SQL Server Central  two years ago titled Using the Blocked Process Report in SQL Server 2005/2008 .  One of the aspects of this feature is that it requires that you either have a SQL Trace running that...(read more)

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  • How to sysprep SQL Server Express?

    - by Jim
    We plan to deploy Hyper-V VHD with Windows Server 2008 R2 and SQL Server 2012 Express installed to multiple hosts. From my understanding, the correct way to do this is to install SQL Server in prepartion mode, sysprep Windows, then complete SQL Server installation when the VHD is deployed. I mostly followed the process in this blog post: http://sethusrinivasan.com/category/sysprep/ However, after the VHD is deployed, I'm unable to complete the SQL Server installation. It keeps saying "Upgrade matrix is incorrect". It seems that it's trying to upgrade itself to Enterprise edition (I was asked for product key during install, but I skipped it). Could anyone share their experience in deploying VHDs with SQL Server (we're fine with either SQL Server 2008 R2 or 2012)? I think the source of my issue is because I can't select "Express Edition" when entering the product key at the completion stage, so the installation is trying to do an upgrade to Enterprise Edition. I have no idea why the drop down list is empty.

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  • Attaching databases of sql 2000

    - by jbp117
    I have few databses of sql 2000 on windows 2000. Can I attach these databases to another instance of SQL Server 2000 on anothermachine having windows 2003 installed?? Does attach and detach of databases are platform independent??

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  • SQL Server 2005 Table Alter History

    - by Kayes
    Hi. Does SQL Server maintains any history to track table alterations like column add, delete, rename, type/ length change etc? I found many suggest to use stored procedures to do this manually. But I'm curious if SQL Server keeps such history in any system tables? Thanks.

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  • DiscountASP.NET Launches SQL Server Profiling as a Service

    - by wisecarver
    DiscountASP.NET announces enhancing our SQL Server hosting with the launch of SQL Server Profiling as a service. SQL Profiler is a powerful tool that allows the application and database developer to troubleshoot general SQL locking problems, performance issues, and perform database tuning. With our SQL Profiling as a Service customers can schedule a database trace at a specific time of their choosing and offers a new way to help our customers troubleshoot. For more information, visit: http://www...(read more)

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  • DiscountASP.NET Launches SQL Server Profiling as a Service

    - by wisecarver
    DiscountASP.NET announces enhancing our SQL Server hosting with the launch of SQL Server Profiling as a service. SQL Profiler is a powerful tool that allows the application and database developer to troubleshoot general SQL locking problems, performance issues, and perform database tuning. With our SQL Profiling as a Service customers can schedule a database trace at a specific time of their choosing and offers a new way to help our customers troubleshoot. For more information, visit: http://www...(read more)

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  • SQL Server 2012 content on Channel 9

    - by jamiet
    A mountain of SQL Server 2012 video content featuring Greg Low, Jonathan Kehayias, Joe Sack and Roger Doherty has just been released on Channel 9. Channel 9 has great support for tags and RSS feeds so if you want to automatically download all of that content simply you can add the following RSS feed: http://channel9.msdn.com/Tags/sql+server+2012/RSS to your podcast reader of choice and have fun learning about all the new features in SQL Server 2012 such as: AlwaysOn Power View SSDT SSRS Data Alerts SSAS Tabular Modelling DAX Improvements MDS improvements SSIS improvements DQS StreamInsight improvements Data-Tier Apps (DACs) LocalDB FileTable Spatial improvements T-SQL paging Distributed Replay XEvents improvements ADO.Net Code-first T-SQL improvements Server roles Partitioning improvements ColumnStore Whew, quite a list! @jamiet

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  • SQL Server 2012 content on Channel 9

    - by jamiet
    A mountain of SQL Server 2012 video content featuring Greg Low, Jonathan Kehayias, Joe Sack and Roger Doherty has just been released on Channel 9. Channel 9 has great support for tags and RSS feeds so if you want to automatically download all of that content simply you can add the following RSS feed: http://channel9.msdn.com/Tags/sql+server+2012/RSS to your podcast reader of choice and have fun learning about all the new features in SQL Server 2012 such as: AlwaysOn Power View SSDT SSRS Data Alerts SSAS Tabular Modelling DAX Improvements MDS improvements SSIS improvements DQS StreamInsight improvements Data-Tier Apps (DACs) LocalDB FileTable Spatial improvements T-SQL paging Distributed Replay XEvents improvements ADO.Net Code-first T-SQL improvements Server roles Partitioning improvements ColumnStore Whew, quite a list! @jamiet

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  • What is happening in this T-SQL code?

    - by Ben McCormack
    I'm just starting to learn T-SQL and could use some help in understanding what's going on in a particular block of code. I modified some code in an answer I received in a previous question, and here is the code in question: DECLARE @column_list AS varchar(max) SELECT @column_list = COALESCE(@column_list, ',') + 'SUM(Case When Sku2=' + CONVERT(varchar, Sku2) + ' Then Quantity Else 0 End) As [' + CONVERT(varchar, Sku2) + ' - ' + Convert(varchar,Description) +'],' FROM OrderDetailDeliveryReview Inner Join InvMast on SKU2 = SKU and LocationTypeID=4 GROUP BY Sku2 , Description ORDER BY Sku2 Set @column_list = Left(@column_list,Len(@column_list)-1) Select @column_list ---------------------------------------- 1 row is returned: ,SUM(Case When Sku2=157 Then Quantity Else 0 End) As [157 -..., SUM(Case ... The T-SQL code does exactly what I want, which is to make a single result based on the results of a query, which will then be used in another query. However, I can't figure out how the SELECT @column_list =... statement is putting multiple values into a single string of characters by being inside a SELECT statement. Without the assignment to @column_list, the SELECT statement would simply return multiple rows. How is it that by having the variable within the SELECT statement that the results get "flattened" down into one value? How should I read this T-SQL to properly understand what's going on?

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  • Where is the SQL Azure Development Environment

    - by BuckWoody
    Recently I posted an entry explaining that you can develop in Windows Azure without having to connect to the main service on the Internet, using the Software Development Kit (SDK) which installs two emulators - one for compute and the other for storage. That brought up the question of the same kind of thing for SQL Azure. The short answer is that there isn’t one. While we’ll make the development experience for all versions of SQL Server, including SQL Azure more easy to write against, you can simply treat it as another edition of SQL Server. For instance, many of us use the SQL Server Developer Edition - which in versions up to 2008 is actually the Enterprise Edition - to develop our code. We might write that code against all kinds of environments, from SQL Express through Enterprise Edition. We know which features work on a certain edition, what T-SQL it supports and so on, and develop accordingly. We then test on the actual platform to ensure the code runs as expected. You can simply fold SQL Azure into that same development process. When you’re ready to deploy, if you’re using SQL Server Management Studio 2008 R2 or higher, you can script out the database when you’re done as a SQL Azure script (with change notifications where needed) by selecting the right “Engine Type” on the scripting panel: (Thanks to David Robinson for pointing this out and my co-worker Rick Shahid for the screen-shot - saved me firing up a VM this morning!) Will all this change? Will SSMS, “Data Dude” and other tools change to include SQL Azure? Well, I don’t have a specific roadmap for those tools, but we’re making big investments on Windows Azure and SQL Azure, so I can say that as time goes on, it will get easier. For now, make sure you know what features are and are not included in SQL Azure, and what T-SQL is supported. Here are a couple of references to help: General Guidelines and Limitations: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee336245.aspx Transact-SQL Supported by SQL Azure: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee336250.aspx SQL Azure Learning Plan: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/buckwoody/archive/2010/12/13/windows-azure-learning-plan-sql-azure.aspx

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  • Where is the SQL Azure Development Environment

    - by BuckWoody
    Recently I posted an entry explaining that you can develop in Windows Azure without having to connect to the main service on the Internet, using the Software Development Kit (SDK) which installs two emulators - one for compute and the other for storage. That brought up the question of the same kind of thing for SQL Azure. The short answer is that there isn’t one. While we’ll make the development experience for all versions of SQL Server, including SQL Azure more easy to write against, you can simply treat it as another edition of SQL Server. For instance, many of us use the SQL Server Developer Edition - which in versions up to 2008 is actually the Enterprise Edition - to develop our code. We might write that code against all kinds of environments, from SQL Express through Enterprise Edition. We know which features work on a certain edition, what T-SQL it supports and so on, and develop accordingly. We then test on the actual platform to ensure the code runs as expected. You can simply fold SQL Azure into that same development process. When you’re ready to deploy, if you’re using SQL Server Management Studio 2008 R2 or higher, you can script out the database when you’re done as a SQL Azure script (with change notifications where needed) by selecting the right “Engine Type” on the scripting panel: (Thanks to David Robinson for pointing this out and my co-worker Rick Shahid for the screen-shot - saved me firing up a VM this morning!) Will all this change? Will SSMS, “Data Dude” and other tools change to include SQL Azure? Well, I don’t have a specific roadmap for those tools, but we’re making big investments on Windows Azure and SQL Azure, so I can say that as time goes on, it will get easier. For now, make sure you know what features are and are not included in SQL Azure, and what T-SQL is supported. Here are a couple of references to help: General Guidelines and Limitations: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee336245.aspx Transact-SQL Supported by SQL Azure: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee336250.aspx SQL Azure Learning Plan: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/buckwoody/archive/2010/12/13/windows-azure-learning-plan-sql-azure.aspx

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  • cannot connect to sql server express from sql server standard

    - by Jackson Sunuwar
    ... like my title says... I cannot connect to my instance on sql server express from sql server standard... I have tried disabling firing wall and checked sqlbrowser is started but for some reason I cannnot connect to my datbase... called server_name\sqlexpress.. I have a virtual machine and a full scale MS SQL Server 2008 R2 running on it... and I have several other vm running sqlexpress. they run fine and I can connect to them using sqlexpress... but when i try to access from sqlserver... I get this error. A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: -1) Digging deep into the error, I found this Error Number: -1 Severity: 20 State: 0 and finally this... Program Location: at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.Connect(ServerInfo serverInfo, SqlInternalConnectionTds connHandler, Boolean ignoreSniOpenTimeout, Int64 timerExpire, Boolean encrypt, Boolean trustServerCert, Boolean integratedSecurity, SqlConnection owningObject) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.AttemptOneLogin(ServerInfo serverInfo, String newPassword, Boolean ignoreSniOpenTimeout, Int64 timerExpire, SqlConnection owningObject) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.LoginNoFailover(String host, String newPassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnection owningObject, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, Int64 timerStart) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.OpenLoginEnlist(SqlConnection owningObject, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, String newPassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor(DbConnectionPoolIdentity identity, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, Object providerInfo, String newPassword, SqlConnection owningObject, Boolean redirectedUserInstance) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningConnection) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.CreateNonPooledConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, DbConnectionPoolGroup poolGroup) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.GetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection) at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.OpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open() at Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SqlStudio.Explorer.ObjectExplorerService.ValidateConnection(UIConnectionInfo ci, IServerType server) at Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.UI.ConnectionDlg.Connector.ConnectionThreadUser() Firewall is turned off on the VM that's running mssqlserver... I turned of firewall on one of the vm that's running the sqlexpress but I still get the error... can someone please help... thank you

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  • Wait Statistics in Microsoft SQL Server

    - by KKline
    When it comes to troubleshooting in relational databases, there's no better place to start than wait statistics. In a nutshell, a wait statistic is an internal counter that tells you how long the database spent waiting for a particular resource, activity, or process. Since wait statistics are categorized by type, one look will quickly tell the variety of problem that needs your attention, assuming you know meaning for Microsoft's lingo for each wait type....(read more)

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  • T-SQL Improvements And Data Types in ms sql 2008

    - by Aamir Hasan
     Microsoft SQL Server 2008 is a new version released in the first half of 2008 introducing new properties and capabilities to SQL Server product family. All these new and enhanced capabilities can be defined as the classic words like secure, reliable, scalable and manageable. SQL Server 2008 is secure. It is reliable. SQL2008 is scalable and is more manageable when compared to previous releases. Now we will have a look at the features that are making MS SQL Server 2008 more secure, more reliable, more scalable, etc. in details.Microsoft SQL Server 2008 provides T-SQL enhancements that improve performance and reliability. Itzik discusses composable DML, the ability to declare and initialize variables in the same statement, compound assignment operators, and more reliable object dependency information. Table-Valued ParametersInserts into structures with 1-N cardinality problematicOne order -> N order line items"N" is variable and can be largeDon't want to force a new order for every 20 line itemsOne database round-trip / line item slows things downNo ARRAY data type in SQL ServerXML composition/decomposition used as an alternativeTable-valued parameters solve this problemTable-Valued ParametersSQL Server has table variablesDECLARE @t TABLE (id int);SQL Server 2008 adds strongly typed table variablesCREATE TYPE mytab AS TABLE (id int);DECLARE @t mytab;Parameters must use strongly typed table variables Table Variables are Input OnlyDeclare and initialize TABLE variable  DECLARE @t mytab;  INSERT @t VALUES (1), (2), (3);  EXEC myproc @t;Procedure must declare variable READONLY  CREATE PROCEDURE usetable (    @t mytab READONLY ...)  AS    INSERT INTO lineitems SELECT * FROM @t;    UPDATE @t SET... -- no!T-SQL Syntax EnhancementsSingle statement declare and initialize  DECLARE @iint = 4;Compound Assignment Operators  SET @i += 1;Row constructors  DECLARE @t TABLE (id int, name varchar(20));  INSERT INTO @t VALUES    (1, 'Fred'), (2, 'Jim'), (3, 'Sue');Grouping SetsGrouping Sets allow multiple GROUP BY clauses in a single SQL statementMultiple, arbitrary, sets of subtotalsSingle read pass for performanceNested subtotals provide ever better performanceGrouping Sets are an ANSI-standardCOMPUTE BY is deprecatedGROUPING SETS, ROLLUP, CUBESQL Server 2008 - ANSI-syntax ROLLUP and CUBEPre-2008 non-ANSI syntax is deprecatedWITH ROLLUP produces n+1 different groupings of datawhere n is the number of columns in GROUP BYWITH CUBE produces 2^n different groupingswhere n is the number of columns in GROUP BYGROUPING SETS provide a "halfway measure"Just the number of different groupings you needGrouping Sets are visible in query planGROUPING_ID and GROUPINGGrouping Sets can produce non-homogeneous setsGrouping set includes NULL values for group membersNeed to distinguish by grouping and NULL valuesGROUPING (column expression) returns 0 or 1Is this a group based on column expr. or NULL value?GROUPING_ID (a,b,c) is a bitmaskGROUPING_ID bits are set based on column expressions a, b, and cMERGE StatementMultiple set operations in a single SQL statementUses multiple sets as inputMERGE target USING source ON ...Operations can be INSERT, UPDATE, DELETEOperations based onWHEN MATCHEDWHEN NOT MATCHED [BY TARGET] WHEN NOT MATCHED [BY SOURCE]More on MERGEMERGE statement can reference a $action columnUsed when MERGE used with OUTPUT clauseMultiple WHEN clauses possible For MATCHED and NOT MATCHED BY SOURCEOnly one WHEN clause for NOT MATCHED BY TARGETMERGE can be used with any table sourceA MERGE statement causes triggers to be fired onceRows affected includes total rows affected by all clausesMERGE PerformanceMERGE statement is transactionalNo explicit transaction requiredOne Pass Through TablesAt most a full outer joinMatching rows = when matchedLeft-outer join rows = when not matched by targetRight-outer join rows = when not matched by sourceMERGE and DeterminismUPDATE using a JOIN is non-deterministicIf more than one row in source matches ON clause, either/any row can be used for the UPDATEMERGE is deterministicIf more than one row in source matches ON clause, its an errorKeeping Track of DependenciesNew dependency views replace sp_dependsViews are kept in sync as changes occursys.dm_sql_referenced_entitiesLists all named entities that an object referencesExample: which objects does this stored procedure use?sys.dm_sql_referencing_entities 

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  • Dynamic SQL to generate column names?

    - by Ben McCormack
    I have a query where I'm trying pivot row values into column names and currently I'm using SUM(Case...) As 'ColumnName' statements, like so: SELECT SKU1, SUM(Case When Sku2=157 Then Quantity Else 0 End) As '157', SUM(Case When Sku2=158 Then Quantity Else 0 End) As '158', SUM(Case When Sku2=167 Then Quantity Else 0 End) As '167' FROM OrderDetailDeliveryReview Group By OrderShipToID, DeliveryDate, SKU1 The above query works great and gives me exactly what I need. However, I'm writing out the SUM(Case... statements by hand based on the results of the following query: Select Distinct Sku2 From OrderDetailDeliveryReview Is there a way, using T-SQL inside a stored procedure, that I can dynamically generate the SUM(Case... statements from the Select Distinct Sku2 From OrderDetailDeliveryReview query and then execute the resulting SQL code?

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  • Get data types from arbitrary sql statement in SQL Server 2008

    - by Christopherous 5000
    Given some arbitrary SQL I would like to get the data types of the returned columns. The statement might join many tables, views, TVFs, etc. I know I could create a view based on the query and get the datatypes from that, hoping there's a quicker way. Only think I've been able to think of is writing a .net utility to run the SQL and examine the results, wondering if there is a TSQL answer. i.e. Given (not real tables just an example) SELECT p.Name AS PersonName, p.Age, a.Account as AccountName FROM Person as p LEFT JOIN Account as a ON p.Id = a.OwnerId I would like to have something like PersonName: (nvarchar(255), not null) Age: (smallInt, not null) etc...

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  • Need some help understanding IO Statistics

    - by Abe Miessler
    I have a query that has a very costly INDEX SEEK operation in the execution plan. In order to track down the cause i set IO STATISTICS on and ran it. In the problem section it gave the following statistics: Table '#TempStudents_Enrollment2_____________________________________000000004D5F'. Scan count 0, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'Worktable'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#TempRace2______________________________________________000000004D58'. Scan count 1, logical reads 1, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'Worktable'. Scan count 0, logical reads 0, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'RefRace'. Scan count 120, logical reads 240, physical reads 1, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'RefFedEnctyRaceCatg'. Scan count 18, logical reads 36, physical reads 2, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#43B0BA0F'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#42BC95D6'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#41C8719D'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#40D44D64'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#LEA2_________________________________________________000000004D56'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#39332B9C'. Scan count 1, logical reads 60, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#School2________________________________________________000000004D57'. Scan count 1, logical reads 29164, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#GenderKey______________________________________________000000004D5A'. Scan count 1, logical reads 29164, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#LangAcqKey_____________________________________________000000004D5B'. Scan count 1, logical reads 29164, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#TransferCatKey___________________________________________000000004D5C'. Scan count 1, logical reads 29164, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#ResCatKey______________________________________________000000004D5D'. Scan count 1, logical reads 29164, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'RPT_SnapShot_1_4_StuPgm_Denorm'. Scan count 2344954, logical reads 4992518, physical reads 16, read-ahead reads 8, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#3FE0292B'. Scan count 1, logical reads 2344954, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table 'RPT_SnapShot_1_4_StuEnrlmt_Denorm'. Scan count 20, logical reads 87679, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 87425, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. Table '#GradeKey_______________________________________________000000004D59'. Scan count 1, logical reads 1, physical reads 0, read-ahead reads 0, lob logical reads 0, lob physical reads 0, lob read-ahead reads 0. What should I look for in here when i'm looking to improve the performance? The line with over 2 million for the Scan count looked suspicious to me but I really don't know. Does anyone see anything here that i should look into in more detail?

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  • Analytic functions – they’re not aggregates

    - by Rob Farley
    SQL 2012 brings us a bunch of new analytic functions, together with enhancements to the OVER clause. People who have known me over the years will remember that I’m a big fan of the OVER clause and the types of things that it brings us when applied to aggregate functions, as well as the ranking functions that it enables. The OVER clause was introduced in SQL Server 2005, and remained frustratingly unchanged until SQL Server 2012. This post is going to look at a particular aspect of the analytic functions though (not the enhancements to the OVER clause). When I give presentations about the analytic functions around Australia as part of the tour of SQL Saturdays (starting in Brisbane this Thursday), and in Chicago next month, I’ll make sure it’s sufficiently well described. But for this post – I’m going to skip that and assume you get it. The analytic functions introduced in SQL 2012 seem to come in pairs – FIRST_VALUE and LAST_VALUE, LAG and LEAD, CUME_DIST and PERCENT_RANK, PERCENTILE_CONT and PERCENTILE_DISC. Perhaps frustratingly, they take slightly different forms as well. The ones I want to look at now are FIRST_VALUE and LAST_VALUE, and PERCENTILE_CONT and PERCENTILE_DISC. The reason I’m pulling this ones out is that they always produce the same result within their partitions (if you’re applying them to the whole partition). Consider the following query: SELECT     YEAR(OrderDate),     FIRST_VALUE(TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)               ORDER BY OrderDate, SalesOrderID               RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING                         AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),     LAST_VALUE(TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)               ORDER BY OrderDate, SalesOrderID               RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING                         AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),     PERCENTILE_CONT(0.95)         WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)),     PERCENTILE_DISC(0.95)         WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)) FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader ; This is designed to get the TotalDue for the first order of the year, the last order of the year, and also the 95% percentile, using both the continuous and discrete methods (‘discrete’ means it picks the closest one from the values available – ‘continuous’ means it will happily use something between, similar to what you would do for a traditional median of four values). I’m sure you can imagine the results – a different value for each field, but within each year, all the rows the same. Notice that I’m not grouping by the year. Nor am I filtering. This query gives us a result for every row in the SalesOrderHeader table – 31465 in this case (using the original AdventureWorks that dates back to the SQL 2005 days). The RANGE BETWEEN bit in FIRST_VALUE and LAST_VALUE is needed to make sure that we’re considering all the rows available. If we don’t specify that, it assumes we only mean “RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW”, which means that LAST_VALUE ends up being the row we’re looking at. At this point you might think about other environments such as Access or Reporting Services, and remember aggregate functions like FIRST. We really should be able to do something like: SELECT     YEAR(OrderDate),     FIRST_VALUE(TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)               ORDER BY OrderDate, SalesOrderID               RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING                         AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader GROUP BY YEAR(OrderDate) ; But you can’t. You get that age-old error: Msg 8120, Level 16, State 1, Line 5 Column 'Sales.SalesOrderHeader.OrderDate' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. Msg 8120, Level 16, State 1, Line 5 Column 'Sales.SalesOrderHeader.SalesOrderID' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. Hmm. You see, FIRST_VALUE isn’t an aggregate function. None of these analytic functions are. There are too many things involved for SQL to realise that the values produced might be identical within the group. Furthermore, you can’t even surround it in a MAX. Then you get a different error, telling you that you can’t use windowed functions in the context of an aggregate. And so we end up grouping by doing a DISTINCT. SELECT DISTINCT     YEAR(OrderDate),         FIRST_VALUE(TotalDue)              OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)                   ORDER BY OrderDate, SalesOrderID                   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING                             AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),         LAST_VALUE(TotalDue)             OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)                   ORDER BY OrderDate, SalesOrderID                   RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING                             AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING),     PERCENTILE_CONT(0.95)          WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)),     PERCENTILE_DISC(0.95)         WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY TotalDue)         OVER (PARTITION BY YEAR(OrderDate)) FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader ; I’m sorry. It’s just the way it goes. Hopefully it’ll change the future, but for now, it’s what you’ll have to do. If we look in the execution plan, we see that it’s incredibly ugly, and actually works out the results of these analytic functions for all 31465 rows, finally performing the distinct operation to convert it into the four rows we get in the results. You might be able to achieve a better plan using things like TOP, or the kind of calculation that I used in http://sqlblog.com/blogs/rob_farley/archive/2011/08/23/t-sql-thoughts-about-the-95th-percentile.aspx (which is how PERCENTILE_CONT works), but it’s definitely convenient to use these functions, and in time, I’m sure we’ll see good improvements in the way that they are implemented. Oh, and this post should be good for fellow SQL Server MVP Nigel Sammy’s T-SQL Tuesday this month.

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  • SQL Query Builder/Designer and code Formating

    - by DavRob60
    I write SQL query every now and then, I could easily write them freehand, but sometimes I do create SQL queries using SQL Query Designers for various reason. (I wont start to enumerate them here and/or argue about their usefulness, so let's just say they are sometime useful.) Anyway, I currently use 2 Query Designers : SQL server management studio's Query Designer. Visual Studio 2010's Query Builder (must often within the Table adapter Query Configuration Wizard.) There's something I hate about those two (I don't know about the others), it's the way they throw away my Code formatting of SQL queries after an edit. Is there any way to configure something to automatically reformat the SQL output or is there any external tool/plug-in that I could use to do that job?

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  • Do Google's feed statistics include former users?

    - by jjackson
    I'm currently not using any sort of fancy stat tracking software such as feedburner, but I occasionally look at Google's stats in their Webmaster Tools just to get a rough idea of whether the number of subscribers is going up or down. This only gives the number of users subscribed through Google products, as they explain in their help documents: Subscriber stats display the number of Google users who have subscribed to your feeds using any Google product (such as Reader, iGoogle, or Orkut). Because users can subscribe to feeds using many different aggregators or RSS readers, the actual number of subscribers to your site may be higher. I used to use Google Reader very regularly but haven't opened it in a while now. The way I understand it, this will mean that even though I haven't touched any of those feeds in a long time I'm still technically subscribed to them and will therefore be included in Google's statistic. Is this correct? Also since Google runs Feedburner, does this have any effect on their stats as well?

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  • How to track many in-game statistics

    - by Alex Schearer
    I am looking to track many in-game events, e.g. the score of each move, how many moves are taken, what types of moves, etc. A lot of stats can simply be tracked with a counter. In some cases I need to aggregate data in order to calculate the value (e.g. most common move). How are you tracking in-game stats for your games? How do you avoid creating a class with tens or hundreds of fields? How do you avoid littering the code with tracking invocations? How do you abstract the aggregate data so as to avoid rewriting it for each scenario?

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  • Vim and emacs usage/use case/user statistics

    - by G. Kayaalp
    I wonder if there are statistical documents/research based on use of the two major text editors, in which amount of usage is compared to use case, be it programming language, industry, user age, OS and/or many other things I can't think of now. I don't need this information for an assignment/homework or something, I'm just curious about it. I've been searching this for some time, not very intensively, and only thing I have found was this: Emacs user base size Lastly, I want to denote that I'm not looking for estimations. I'm not asking if one editor is better that the other, nor I am expecting help on choice between them. I'm not asking for opinions.

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  • SQL Server Express performance issue

    - by Developer IT
    Hi folks ! I know my questions will sound silly and probably nobody will have perfect answer but since I am in a complete dead-end with the situation it will make me feel better to post it here. So... I have a SQL Server Express database that's 500 Mb. It contains 5 tables and maybe 30 stored procedure. This database is use to store articles and is use for the Developer It web site. Normally the web pages load quickly, let's say 2 ou 3 sec. BUT, sqlserver process uses 100% of the processor for those 2 or 3 sec. I try to find which stored procedure was the problem and I could not find one. It seems like every read into the table dans contains the articles (there are about 155,000 of them and 20 or so gets added every 15 minutes). I added few index but without luck... It is because the table is full text indexed ? Should I have order with the primary key instead of date ? I never had any problems with ordering by dates.... Should I use dynamic SQL ? Should I add the primary key into the url of the articles ? Should I use mutiple indexes for seperate columns or one big index ? I you want more details or code bits, just ask for it. Basicly, every little hint is much apreciated. Thanks.

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  • SQL Server express service is not starting

    - by Mahdi Ghiasi
    I've bought my first VPS yesterday, and I have installed Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Express on it. Then I have restarted my VPS. But SQL Server Service didn't start. I've tried to start it manually, but It can't start: What is the problem? How to solve it? P.S: This is my first server management, and I'm a newbie, if you need any further details about this, please leave a comment. I'll update the question. Update 1: This is some log details from Event viewer that I thought that they may be useful for this problem: FCB::Open failed: Could not open file e:\sql11_main_t.obj.x86release\sql\mkmastr\databases\objfre\i386\MSDBData.mdf for file number 1. OS error: 3(The system cannot find the path specified.). The resource database build version is 11.00.3000. This is an informational message only. No user action is required. FileMgr::StartLogFiles: Operating system error 2(The system cannot find the file specified.) occurred while creating or opening file 'e:\sql11_main_t.obj.x86release\sql\mkmastr\databases\objfre\i386\MSDBLog.ldf'. Diagnose and correct the operating system error, and retry the operation. Starting up database 'model'. FCB::Open failed: Could not open file e:\sql11_main_t.obj.x86release\sql\mkmastr\databases\objfre\i386\model.mdf for file number 1. OS error: 3(The system cannot find the path specified.). FileMgr::StartLogFiles: Operating system error 2(The system cannot find the file specified.) occurred while creating or opening file 'e:\sql11_main_t.obj.x86release\sql\mkmastr\databases\objfre\i386\modellog.ldf'. Diagnose and correct the operating system error, and retry the operation. I'm confused about these e:\s, my VPS has just one C:\ drive, So what is e:\ ?

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  • SQL 2000 Backup/Export Process - Can't find SQL 2000 Enterprise Manager, Can't use Mgmt Studio Expre

    - by 1nsane
    I need to make a backup of a client's SQL 2000 database, however there are a few issues preventing me from doing so using the traditional methods. I've tried using SQL Management Studio Express, but the host doesn't give sufficient privileges to create a backup and I'm getting some strange error messages. I've also tried doing the "Generate Scripts" to recreate the schema, then using the DTS Wizard to migrate the data, but the IDs set up with the identity specification property are not consistent with the live database once copied over. This results in some foreign key breakage... If I remember correctly, I was able to use Microsoft SQL 2000 Enterprise Manager to perform the task before, but I can't find this anywhere... it seems Microsoft has pulled most SQL Server 2000 stuff from their site. Does anyone know where I can find a copy of Enterprise Manager (or a trial of SQL Server 2000, which I believe comes with the component)? Or conversely, does anyone know of any other tools (preferably non-commercial) that are capable of mirroring remote SQL Server 2000 DBs? Thanks!

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