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  • C++ RPC library suggestions

    - by Oxsnarder
    I'm looking for suggestions regarding RPC libraries implemented in C++, for C++ developers. Some requirements constraints: Should work on both linux/unix and win32 systems Be able to execute free function and class methods Hopefully written in modern C++ not 90's/java-esque C++ Be able to function over networks and hetrogenous architectures Not too slow or inefficient Hopefully provide interfaces for TR1 style std::function's et al. My example usage is to invoke the free function foo on a remote machine. ---snip--- // foo translation unit int foo(int i, int j) { return i + j; } ---snip--- ---snip--- // client side main int main() { //register foo on client and server //setup necassary connections and states int result; if (RPCmechanism.invoke("foo",4,9,result)) std::cout << "foo(4,9) = " result << std::endl; else std::cout << "failed to invoke foo(4,9)!" << std::endl; return 0; } ---snip--- Something that can achieve the above or similar would be great.

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  • Passing System classes as constructor parameters

    - by mcl
    This is probably crazy. I want to take the idea of Dependency Injection to extremes. I have isolated all System.IO-related behavior into a single class so that I can mock that class in my other classes and thereby relieve my larger suite of unit tests of the burden of worrying about the actual file system. But the File IO class I end up with can only be tested with integration tests, which-- of course-- introduces complexity I don't really want to deal with when all I really want to do is make sure my FileIO class calls the correct System.IO stuff. I don't need to integration test System.IO. My FileIO class is doing more than simply wrapping System.IO functions, every now and then it does contain some logic (maybe this is the problem?). So what I'd like is to be able to test my File IO class to ensure that it makes the correct system calls by mocking the System.IO classes themselves. Ideally this would be as easy as having a constructor like so: public FileIO( System.IO.Directory directory, System.IO.File file, System.IO.FileStream fileStream ) { this.Directory = directory; this.File = file; this.FileStream = fileStream; } And then calling in methods like: public GetFilesInFolder(string folderPath) { return this.Directory.GetFiles(folderPath) } But this doesn't fly since the System.IO classes in question are static classes. As far as I can tell they can neither be instantiated in this way or subclassed for the purposes of mocking.

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  • How can I use TDD to solve a puzzle with an unknown answer?

    - by matthewsteele
    Recently I wrote a Ruby program to determine solutions to a "Scramble Squares" tile puzzle: I used TDD to implement most of it, leading to tests that looked like this: it "has top, bottom, left, right" do c = Cards.new card = c.cards[0] card.top.should == :CT card.bottom.should == :WB card.left.should == :MT card.right.should == :BT end This worked well for the lower-level "helper" methods: identifying the "sides" of a tile, determining if a tile can be validly placed in the grid, etc. But I ran into a problem when coding the actual algorithm to solve the puzzle. Since I didn't know valid possible solutions to the problem, I didn't know how to write a test first. I ended up writing a pretty ugly, untested, algorithm to solve it: def play_game working_states = [] after_1 = step_1 i = 0 after_1.each do |state_1| step_2(state_1).each do |state_2| step_3(state_2).each do |state_3| step_4(state_3).each do |state_4| step_5(state_4).each do |state_5| step_6(state_5).each do |state_6| step_7(state_6).each do |state_7| step_8(state_7).each do |state_8| step_9(state_8).each do |state_9| working_states << state_9[0] end end end end end end end end end So my question is: how do you use TDD to write a method when you don't already know the valid outputs? If you're interested, the code's on GitHub: Tests: https://github.com/mattdsteele/scramblesquares-solver/blob/master/golf-creator-spec.rb Production code: https://github.com/mattdsteele/scramblesquares-solver/blob/master/game.rb

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  • Organising files and classes in XCode (iPhone application)

    - by pulegium
    It's a generic question and really a newbie one too, so bear with me... I'm playing with some iPhone development, and trying to create a simple "flip type" application. Nothing sophisticated, let's say on the flip side is a short application summary, bit like 'help' and on the main screen is a simple board game, let's say tic-tac-toe or similar. Now, XCode has generated me 'Main View', 'Flipside View' and 'Application Delegate' folders, with default template files in them. Now the question is where do I create appropriate 'MVC' classes? Let's say (V)iew classes are going to be the ones that have been automatically created. So the Flipside view class is responsible for generating text/images etc on the 'help' view. 'Main View' class is what draws the items on the table and updates the counters, etc. Where should I place the 'controller' class? And also, should it only be dealing with proxying only to the model? According to this the controller method is called from the view and manipulates the method classes. Similarly, the results from model are passed back to the view class by the controller issuing the calls to appropriate view methods. Similarly, where does the model class go? or should I just create a new folder for each, controller and model class files? What I'm after is the best practices, or just a short description how people normally structure their applications. I know it's very specific and also undefined... I came from Django background, so the way stuff is organised there is slightly different. Hope this makes sense, sorry if it's all bit vague, but I have to start somewhere :) And yes I've read quite few docs on the apple developer site, but trouble is that the documents are either going into too much detail about the language/framework/etc and the examples are way too simplistic. Actually, this leads me to the final question, has anyone know any good example of relatively complete application tutorial which I could use as a reference in organising my files?...

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  • Which method of 'clearfix' is best?

    - by Pickledegg
    I have the age old problem of a div wrapping a 2 column layout. My sidebar is floated so my container div fails to wrap the content & sidebar. <div id="container"> <div id="content"> </div> <div id="sidebar"> </div> </div> There seem to be numerous methods of fixing the clear bug in FF: <br clear="all"/> overflow:auto overflow:hidden etc. But in my situation, the only one that seems to work correctly is the <br clear="all"/> solution, which is a little bit scruffy. overflow:auto gives me nasty scrollbars, and overflow:hidden must surely have side effects. Also, apparently IE7 is supposed to not suffer from this problem due to its incorrect behaviour, but again, in my situation its suffering the same as FF. Whats the most reliable/best practice method currently available to us?

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  • Deserialization of a DataSet... deal with column name changes? how to migrate data from one column to another?

    - by Brian Kennedy
    So, we wanted to slightly generalize a couple columns in our typed dataset... basically dropped a foreign key constraint and then wanted to change a couple column names to better reflect their new state. All that is easy. The problem is that our users may have serialized out the old version of the DataSet as XML. We want to be able to read those old XML files and deserialize them into the revised DataSet. It seems that would be a fairly common desire... but I haven't yet figured out the right thing to search the internet for. One possible solution would seem to be some way to give a DataColumn an alias or alternate name such that when it reads the old column name, it knows that data can be read into the column with the new column name. I can find no support for any such thing. Another approach would seem to be an "after deserialization" method of some sort... so, I would let it read in the old column values into a normal DataColumn with that name, and then in the "after deserialization" method I would just move the data from the obsolete column into the new column, and then delete the old columns. That would seem to generalize to many other situations... and having such events or hooks is pretty common in ADO.NET. But I have looked for such a hook and haven't yet found it. If no "after deserialization" hook, it would seem I ought to be able to override ReadXml or ReadXmlSerializable methods to call the base and then do my "after" stuff to fix up old data into new. But it does not appear that is possible. Soooo, I have to think backward compatibility with old serialized DataSets and simple data migration would be a well-solved problem... so, trying to reinvent that wheel seems silly. But so far, I haven't seemed to find any documentation on doing those things. Suggestions? What is best practice for this?

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  • Stuck in implementing Pagination in Android

    - by user443141
    I am implementing pagination for ListView in Android . I am extending the BaseAdapater class for customising the ListView. Already I have the code working fine for the Customised ListView. Below is the new requirement. 1I am fetching 6 items from server & displaying them . Now when the user scrolls to the 6th item(end of list) , I need to call the server to fetch the next 6 items & update the Listview I have overriden the methods ipublic void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem,int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) iipublic void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) In the first response from the server, I get the total no of pages from the server & for each time I call the server , I get the current page value . Kindly provide me the steps/sample code on how to check the last item of the list & update the list . The code should be iterative since I may need to call multiple times & fetch from server. Warm Regards, CB

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  • .net printing multiple reports in one document (architecture question)

    - by LawsonM
    I understand how to print a single document via the PrintDocument class. However, I want to print multiple reports in one document. Each "report" will consist of charts, tables, etc. I want to have two reports per page. I've studied the few examples I can find on how to combine multiple documents into one; however, they always seem to work by creating a collection of objects (e.g. customer or order) that are then iterated over and drawn in the OnPrintPage method. My problem and hence the "architecture" question is that I don't want to cache the objects required to produce the report since they are very large and memory intensive. I'd simply like the resulting "report". One thought I had was to print the report to a metafile, cache that instead in a "MultiplePrintDocument" class and then position those images appropriately two to a page in the OnPrintPage method. I think this would be a lot more efficient and scalable in my case. But I'm not a professional programmer and can't figure out if I'm barking up the wrong tree here. I think the Graphics.BeginContainer and Graphics.Save methods might be relevant, but can't figure out how to implement or if there is a better way. Any pointers would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Can I get a reference to an object created in a jQuery plugin?

    - by gargantaun
    Perhaps my brain is fried, but I'm writing a plugin that created an tweaks an element, but also creates an object that i'd like access to. So the plugin looks like this (function ($) { $.fn.myPlugin = function () { return this.each(function () { // do some stuff to the element... this.objectInstance = new usefulObject(); }); }; })(jQuery); function usefulObject(){ // useful object properties and methods.... this.doSomething = function(){ alert("Don't google Google. You'll break the internet."); } } so when I call the plugin, I also want to be able to get access to that usefulObject that I created. I thought something like this might work.... tweakedElement = $("#someDiv").myPlugin(); tweakedElement.objectInstance.doSomething(); ... but that's not working. How can I achieve this? Can I achieve this? Answers on a postcard, or down below, whichever suits you.

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  • Recommendations for IPC between parent and child processes in .NET?

    - by Jeremy
    My .NET program needs to run an algorithm that makes heavy use of 3rd party libraries (32-bit), most of which are unmanaged code. I want to drive the CPU as hard as I can, so the code runs several threads in parallel to divide up the work. I find that running all these threads simultaneously results in temporary memory spikes, causing the process' virtual memory size to approach the 2 GB limit. This memory is released back pretty quickly, but occasionally if enough threads enter the wrong sections of code at once, the process crosses the "red line" and either the unmanaged code or the .NET code encounters an out of memory error. I can throttle back the number of threads but then my CPU usage is not as high as I would like. I am thinking of creating worker processes rather than worker threads to help avoid the out of memory errors, since doing so would give each thread of execution its own 2 GB of virtual address space (my box has lots of RAM). I am wondering what are the best/easiest methods to communicate the input and output between the processes in .NET? The file system is an obvious choice. I am used to shared memory, named pipes, and such from my UNIX background. Is there a Windows or .NET specific mechanism I should use?

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  • Android Bluetooth syncing

    - by Darryl
    I am connecting to a bluetooth enabled camera, and I am able to connect using the methods found in the BluetoothChat example. I need to send commands to the camera. The issue is that I also need to get a response BACK from the camera after I send the command in the first place. So basically I need to write a command and receive a response. However, the thing is that the commands sometimes don't generate a response. Even the documentation on the camera says that you "have to send the sync command as many as 25 times on power up before you will get a response." So I cannot just write a command and wait for a response, as the "read" function blocks the thread. If I have the read function in another thread, like the bluetooth chat example, there seems to be sync issues, i.e., if I issue a write command, how can I know that it is reading if that is happening in another thread? I did set a global variable to check for, but this seems "iffy" at best. So basically I need to write to the bluetooth and then attempt to read from it. However, I need to let that read timeout and if I haven't received a response, I need to write again until I get a response (or until it's tried a set number of times). I don't need the read function to be going all the time in the background. Any ideas? Thanks in advance for your time.

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  • Cannot redeclare class on a copy of a site

    - by Polity
    I've developed a small SMS utility for a customer in PHP. The details are of non-importance. This project is hosted in: http://project.example.com/customer1 Now a second customer requests almost the same functionality, one cheap way of providing this is to copy the project from the first customer and modify it slightly. So i made a direct copy of the project for customer1 to another folder for customer 2. This project is hosted in: http://project.example.com/customer2 Now when i try and run the project for customer2 (calling a single page), i get the error message: Fatal error: Cannot redeclare class SmsService in /var/www/html/project/customer1/application/service.class.php on line 3 Here, service.class.php is a simple interface with 3 methods: interface SmsService { public function SendSms($mobile, $customerId, $customerName, $message); public function QueryIncomingResponse(); public function CleanExpiredConfirmations($maxConfirmationDays); } printing the backtrace in service.class.php reveals something interresting: #0 require_once() called at [/var/www/html/project/customer2/endpoint/queryIncomingResponse.php:2] Fatal error: Cannot redeclare class SmsService in /var/www/html/project/customer1/application/service.class.php on line 3 Line 2 in queryIncomingResponses is the very first require line there is. Line 3 in service.class.php is the first statement there is in the file (Line 2 is an empty line and line 1 is the php file opening tag). Naturally, I only work with relative requires (double checked this) so there is no way one include/require from customer2 actually refers to a file for customer1. It seems to me that in some way SmsService and other classes gets cached by PHP. (I have little control over the server environment). One solution to this would be namespaces. Unfortunatly, we work with PHP 5.1.7 where namespaces are not a part of the language feature just yet. Another way would be to mimic namespaces by prefixing all classes but this approach just feels dirty. Does anyone have more information on this problem and possibly solutions? Many thanks in advance!

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  • Javascript (using jQuery) in a large Project... organization, passing data, private method, etc.

    - by gaoshan88
    I'm working on a large project that is organized like so: Multiple javascript files are included as needed and most code is wrapped in anonymous functions... // wutang.js //Included Files Go Here // Public stuff var MethodMan; // Private stuff (function() { var someVar1; MethodMan = function(){...}; var APrivateMethod = function(){...}; $(function(){ //jquery page load stuff here $('#meh').click(APrivateMethod); }); })(); I'm wondering about a few things here. Assuming that there are a number of these files included on a page, what has access to what and what is the best way to pass data between the files? For example, I assume that MethodMan() can be accessed by anything on any included page. It is public, yes? var someVar1 is only accessible to the methods inside that particular anonymous function and nowhere else, yes? Also true of var APrivateMethod(), yes? What if I want APrivateMethod() to make something available to some other method in a different anonymous wrapped method in a different included page. What's the best way to pass data between these private, anonymous functions on different included pages? Do I simply have to make whatever I want to use between them public? How about if I want to minimize global variables? What about the following: var PootyTang = function(){ someVar1 = $('#someid').text(); //some stuff }; and in another included file used by that same page I have: var TangyPoot = function(){ someVar1 = $('#someid').text(); //some completely different stuff }; What's the best way to share the value of someVar1 across these anonymous (they are wrapped as the first example) functions?

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  • Dynamic Variable Names in Included Module in Ruby?

    - by viatropos
    I'm hoping to implement something like all of the great plugins out there for ruby, so that you can do this: acts_as_commentable has_attached_file :avatar But I have one constraint: That helper method can only include a module; it can't define any variables or methods. Here's what the structure looks like, and I'm wondering if you know the missing piece in the puzzle: # 1 - The workhorse, encapsuling all dynamic variables module My::Module def self.included(base) base.extend ClassMethods base.class_eval do include InstanceMethods end end module InstanceMethods self.instance_eval %Q? def #{options[:my_method]} "world!" end ? end module ClassMethods end end # 2 - all this does is define that helper method module HelperModule def self.included(base) base.extend(ClassMethods) end module ClassMethods def dynamic_method(options = {}) include My::Module(options) end end end # 3 - send it to active_record ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, HelperModule) # 4 - what it looks like class TestClass < ActiveRecord::Base dynamic_method :my_method => "hello" end puts TestClass.new.hello #=> "world!" That %Q? I'm not totally sure how to use, but I'm basically just wanting to somehow be able to pass the options hash from that helper method into the workhorse module. Is that possible? That way, the workhorse module could define all sorts of functionality, but I could name the variables whatever I wanted at runtime.

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  • What is an interface in C (COM) is it the same as a interface in C#

    - by numerical25
    Ok, I know what a interface is, but since I got into C and working with COM objects, it seems an interface in COM is a little different from the interface I know of. So what I am trying to do is bridge the gaps here cause since I been learning C, alot of things have been sounding very familiar to me but are not exactly what they seem. The interface I know of are like contracts. They are objects that have only method declarations, with no body. All classes that implement an interface must include the methods of the interface. The interface I hear about in COM seems to be just pointers. They can not retrieve objects directly but only can retrieve objects through the means of a method. Is this what a COM Interface is ?? If so, then why did they give them the same names if they are completely different. Also I just wanted to add that headers in C++ kind of remind me of the C# Interfaces. Not sure if their are any relations. But anyways, I am just trying to clear that up.

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  • [C#] How to receive uncrackable data or so ? ;P

    - by Prix
    Hi, I am working on an C# application to communicate with my website and retrieve some information from it, using SSL which is working just fine. Now what i want/need is a way to receive encrypted or codified or obfuscated data that if some one cracks my application they will not be able to decrypt the data because it needs something from the server (api, website) but yet the application needs to decrypt it in order to use it... initally i was thinking of an inside RSA pair or keys, to send and receive the encrypt data but let's consider that someone has cracked the application, they could just replace those keys for keys they have made, so i was looking into some methods but havent found or been able to think of any way to harder this... I was learning about RSA, encryption and such and started developing this as a self learning and got involved with it and now i am trying to figure out a way to receive data like that... I have considered obfuscating and compiling my code with packers and etc but this is not about packing it etc... i am more interested in knowing a better way to secure what i described i know it may or is impossible but yet i am looking forward to some approch. I would appreciate advices, suggestions and C# code samples, if you need more information or anything please let me know.

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  • Change class of parent div if radio input checked

    - by xxstevenxo
    I've been searching and searching google for answers to my question but have been unsuccessful so far. I'm hoping one of you guys could give me some assistance. I have 10 divs with the class name "dividend" holding a table with the classname/id of "container" then two smaller tables inside that. Within the container table at the bottom is a hidden radio button with the name "page1". I wrote an onClcick for the container table so the user can select the whole table instead of the radio button, but not I'm trying to change the style of the selected container so the users know they have selected it. I have tried a few different methods and I'm able to change the style to the new class by just writing document.getElementById('container').className = 'selected'; But because all 10 divs share the same name it will only change the style of the first element it finds. So I tried writing this loop to check if there are any selected radios in the document then to change the else name the style as the default. I'm sure its something stupid but I'm pretty stumped atm.. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks. selected = function () { var divs = document.getElementByTagName('DIV'), div, tbl, rad, stat, i; for (i = 0; i < divs.length; i++) { div = divs.id; if (div == 'dividend') { tbl = div.getElementById('container'); rad = tbl.getElementByTagName('INPUT'); if (rad.checked = true) { tbl.className = 'selected'; } } } };

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  • Rails: How do I validate against this code that I put into the lib/ directory?

    - by randombits
    Having a bit of difficulty finding out the proper way to mix in code that I put into the lib/ directory for Rails 2.3.5. I have several models that require phone validation. I had at least three models that used the same code, so I wanted to keep things DRY and moved it out to the lib/ directory. I used to have code like this in each model: validate :phone_is_valid Then I'd have a phone_is_valid method in the model: protected def phone_is_valid # process a bunch of logic errors.add_to_base("invalid phone") if validation failed end I moved this code out into lib/phones/ and in lib/phones I have lib/phones/phone_validation.rb, and in there I copy pasted the phone_is_valid method. My question is, how do I mix this into all of my models now? And does my validate :phone_is_valid method remain the same or does that change? I want to make sure that the errors.add_to_base method continues to function as it did before while keeping everything DRY. I also created another file in lib/phones/ called lib/phones/phone_normalize.rb. Again, many models need the value input by the user to be normalized. Meaning turn (555) 222-1212 to 5552221212 or something similar. Can I invoke that simply by invoking Phones::Phone_Normalize::normalize_method(number)? I suppose I'm confused on the following: How to use the lib directory for validation How to use the lib directory for commonly shared methods that return values

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  • Where to place interactive objects in JavaScript?

    - by Chris
    I'm creating a web based application (i.e. JavaScript with jQuery and lots of SVG) where the user interacts with "objects" on the screen (think of DIVs that can be draged around, resized and connected by arraows - like a vector drawing programm or a graphical programming language). As each "object" contains individual information but is allways belonging to a "class" of elements it's obvious that this application should be programmed by using an OOP approach. But where do I store the "objects" best? Should I create a global structure ("registry") with all (JS native) objects and tell them "draw yourself on the DOM"? Or should I avoid such a structure and think of the (relevant) DOM nodes as my objects and attach the relevant data as .data() to them? The first approach is very MVC - but I guess the attachment of all the event handlers will be non trivial. The second approach will handle the events in a trivial way and it doesn't create a duplicate structure, but I guess the usual OO stuff (like methods) will be more complex. What do you recomend? I think the answer will be JavaScript and SVG specific as "usual" programming languages don't have such a highly organized output "canvas".

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  • What's a good way to do testing a plug-in on multiple Windows and Outlook versions?

    - by Andrei
    Hello, We're building a plug-in for Outlook that should work on multiple Windows versions (XP, Vista, 7) and also with different Outlook versions (2003, 2007, 2010). The testing problem I am facing right now, is that I can't figure out a good/convenient/thorough way to test the application on multiple Windows and Outlook versions. At the moment, I have a VirtualBox which runs many virtual machines, with different Windows versions and Outlook versions. So I would have a virtual machine with Windows 7 testing Outlook 2010, and another one with Windows 7 testing Outlook 2007, Windows Vista with Outlook 2010 and so on, going through some of the possible combinations. It kind of gets the job done, although it is cumbersome and takes a long time to test. Some of the testing included in the application is unit testing, but this is also rather tied in with the machine I test it on (windows 7 with outlook 2010). For example, I was using ManagementObject recently, which worked fine on my system (and thus passed the unit test for that method), however, using that object threw an exception in another person's system, which crashed the application. I work on Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate. The questions: Is there a more elegant way to make the testing process more streamline and more efficient? Any other testing methods you recommend? How would you deal with this problem? Thanks! Looking forward to your replies.

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  • Best way to build an application based on R?

    - by Prasad Chalasani
    I'm looking for suggestions on how to go about building an application that uses R for analytics, table generation, and plotting. What I have in mind is an application that: displays various data tables in different tabs, somewhat like in Excel, and the columns should be sortable by clicking. takes user input parameters in some dialog windows. displays plots dynamically (i.e. user-input-dependent) either in a tab or in a new pop-up window/frame Note that I am not talking about a general-purpose fron-end/GUI for exploring data with R (like say Rattle), but a specific application. Some questions I'd like to see addressed are: Is an entirely R-based approach even possible ( on Windows ) ? The following passage from the Rattle article in R-Journal intrigues me: It is interesting to note that the first implementation of Rattle actually used Python for implementing the callbacks and R for the statistics, using rpy. The release of RGtk2 allowed the interface el- ements of Rattle to be written directly in R so that Rattle is a fully R-based application If it's better to use another language for the GUI part, which language is best suited for this? I'm looking for a language where it's relatively "painless" to build the GUI, and that also integrates very well with R. From this StackOverflow question How should I do rapid GUI development for R and Octave methods (possibly with Python)? I see that Python + PyQt4 + QtDesigner + RPy2 seems to be the best combo. Is that the consensus ? Anyone have pointers to specific (open source) applications of the type I describe, as examples that I can learn from?

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  • How would I go about letting a user add and associate a comma separated list of categories while add

    - by Throlkim
    I've been struggling for quite a while to get this feature working: I want my user to be able to select categories when uploading a photograph, but additionally be able to specify a comma-separated list of categories to create/find and associate with the photograph. I've had this working by using an attr_accessor :new_categories on the photographs model, but having that there without the column existing breaks both Paperclip and Exifr. Obviously, image upload and EXIF data retrieval are pretty important for a photography website, but not being able to add categories while uploading a photograph is a pain in the arse. Methods I've tried so far: Using attr_accessor to add a field for new_categories. Breaks gems. Using an Ajax sub-form to add categories. Formtastic can't handle it. Adding a column for new_categories to the photograph model. It works, but it's horrific. I haven't tried using a nested form, but I'd need to intercept it and stop it from processing it as normal. Here's an example of what I'm trying to accomplish: http://imgur.com/rD0PC.png And the function I use to associate the categories: def process_new_categories unless self.new_categories.nil? for title in self.new_categories.split(",") self.categories << Category.find_or_create_by_title(title.strip.capitalize) end end end Has anyone got any ideas as to how to do this?

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  • "Abstract static" method - how?

    - by polyglot
    There are already several SO questions on why there is not abstract static method/field as such, but I'm wondering about how one would go about implementing the following psuedo-code: class Animal { abstract static int getNumberOfLegs(); // not possible } class Chicken inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 2; } class Dog inherits Animal { static int getNumberOfLegs() { return 4; } Here is the problem: Assuming that I want make sure that every class that inherits Animal to contain getNumberOfLegs() method (i.e. almost like an interface, except I do want the abstract class to implement several methods that are common to all child classes, hence pure interface does not work here). getNumberOfLegs() obviously should be a static method (assuming that in a perfect world we dont' have crippled chicken and dogs so getNumberOfLegs is not instance-dependent). Without an "abstract static" method/field, one can either leave the method out from Animal class, then there is the risk that some child class do not have that method. Or one can make getNumberOfLegs an instance method, but then one would have to instantiate a class to find out how many legs that animal has - even though it is not necessary. How do one usually go about implementing this situation?

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  • Objective-C Objects Having Each Other as Properties

    - by mwt
    Let's say we have two objects. Furthermore, let's assume that they really have no reason to exist without each other. So we aren't too worried about re-usability. Is there anything wrong with them "knowing about" each other? Meaning, can each one have the other as a property? Is it OK to do something like this in a mythical third class: Foo *f = [[Foo alloc] init]; self.foo = f; [f release]; Bar *b = [[Bar alloc] init]; self.bar = b; [b release]; foo.bar = bar; bar.foo = foo; ...so that they can then call methods on each other? Instead of doing this, I'm usually using messaging, etc., but sometimes this seems like it might be a tidier solution. I hardly ever see it in example code (maybe never), so I've shied away from doing it. Can somebody set me straight on this? Thanks.

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  • How to best manage multi-frame MovieClips with classes?

    - by Arms
    After switching to AS3, I've been having a hell of a time figuring out the best way to manage MovieClips that have UI elements spread across multiple frames with a single class. An example that I am working on now is a simple email form. I have a MovieClip with two frames: the 1st frame has the form elements (text inputs, submit button) the 2nd frame has a "thank you" message and a button to go back to the first frame (to send another email) In the library I have linked the MovieClip to a custom class (Emailer). My immediate problem is how do I assign a MouseEvent.CLICK event to the button on the 2nd frame? I should note at this point that I am trying to avoid putting code on the timeline (except for stop() calls). This is how I am 'solving' the problem now: Emailer registers an event listener for a frame change ( addEventListener("frame 2", onFrameChange) ) On the 2nd frame of the MovieClip I am calling dispatchEvent(new Event("frame 2")); (I would prefer to not have this code on the frame, but I don't know what else to do) My two complaints with this method are that, first I have calls to addEventListener spread out across different class methods (I would rather have all UI event listeners registered in one method), and second that I have to dispatch those custom "onFrameChange" events. The second complaint grows exponentially for MovieClips that have more than just 2 frames. My so called solution feels makes me feel dirty and makes my brain hurt. I am looking for any advice on what to do differently. Perhaps there's a design pattern I should be looking at? Should I swallow my pride and write timeline code even though the rest of my application is written in class files (and I abhor the Flash IDE code editor)? I absolutely LOVE the event system, and have no problem coding applications with it, but I feel like I'm stuck thinking in terms of AS2 when working with mutl-frame movieclips and code. Any and all help would be greatly appreciated.

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