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  • How to have a shell script available everywhere I SSH to

    - by aib
    I have a shell script which I simply cannot do without: bar from Theiling Online I use SSH a lot and on a variety of *nix servers. However, I am not a system administrator and usually don't have the time or privileges to install it on every server I connect to. It is apparently a very portable sh script and has command line options to export itself as a shell function, which got me thinking: Could I use one of OpenSSH's subjectively obscure features to export it everywhere I go? My first thought was to assign the source to an environment variable like BAR = "cat -v" and then execute it on the other side as `$BAR`, but 1) I can't even get the cat example to to work locally, 2) I don't know how to put the script's actual multiline source into an environment variable and 3) I have yet to see a machine with PermitUserEnvironment enabled. I guess I could even do with an ssh option to write a file called ~/bar at logon, but a more volatile solution would be better. Calling wget http://.../bar at logon would be unacceptable. Any ideas? P.S. Putty-specific solutions, though I doubt any would exist, are also fine.

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  • Raspberry Pi can't see external hard drive

    - by user265818
    My Raspberry Pi (Model B) can't see my external hard drive. It was working before without a problem, until I disconnected and reconnected the drive. It is a self-powered hard drive. When I put another image on a different SD card the Raspberry Pi can see the hard drive no problem, so there is some sort of configuration issue in the current image on the SD card. Any advice will be gratefully received.

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  • How to place a virtual machine in DMZ?

    - by Giordano
    I have an Ubuntu 12.04 server running few virtual machines with KVM. I would like to expose some of these virtual machines on the internet, to make it possible for customers to test the products we're developing and make available other products for demo purposes. One of the server NICs is configured with a public IP. However before exposing anything on the web I would like to be sure that if one of the virtual machines get compromised, the attacker doesn't reach the rest of the hosts. What I would like to do is to put these virtual machines into a DMZ. These are the steps I'm planning to do: Create a tap interface in the virtualization host (let's say tap1) Create a bridge using tap1 and give it an IP in a subnet separate from the other hosts. Let's say 10.0.0.1 Attach the DMZ virtual machines to the bridge and configure their IP statically (10.0.0.2, 10.0.0.3, etc...) Using UFW, forbid any traffic from 10.0.0.0/24 to any of the internal hosts, allow the traffic from the internal hosts towards 10.0.0.0/24 and expose the virtual machines on the web using port forwarding. Do you think this setup is safe? Can you suggest any improvement or a better/safer approach? Thanks in advance!

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  • Killing all processes of current user

    - by Vi
    user@host$ killall -9 -u user Will it definitely kill all processes owned by user (including forkbombs)? No new processes is spawned to user from other users. No user's processes are in D-sleep and unkillable. No processes are trying to detect and ptrace or terminate this started killall. E.g. if killall will finish untampered and successfully is it 100% that no processes are left with this uid?

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  • SASL - Plaintext password not accepted - Encrypted works

    - by leviathanus
    I have a very strange issue! SASL does not work properly, as it does not accept plain-text passwords (like Outlook sends them) Oct 2 10:35:09 srf cyrus/imap[4119]: accepted connection Oct 2 10:35:09 srf cyrus/imap[4119]: badlogin: [217.XX.XXX.140] plaintext [email protected] SASL(-1): generic failure: checkpass failed Now I switch to "Encrypted password" in Thunderbird. I have the same issue as Outlook above on Thunderbird if I turn on "Plain Password"): Oct 2 10:40:40 srf cyrus/imap[14644]: accepted connection Oct 2 10:40:41 srf cyrus/imap[14622]: login: [217.XX.XXX.140] [email protected] CRAM-MD5 User logged in Same with Postfix: Without Oct 2 10:42:48 srf postfix/smtpd[17980]: connect from unknown[217.XX.XXX.140] Oct 2 10:42:48 srf postfix/smtpd[17980]: warning: SASL authentication failure: cannot connect to saslauthd server: Permission denied Oct 2 10:42:48 srf postfix/smtpd[17980]: warning: SASL authentication failure: Password verification failed Oct 2 10:42:48 srf postfix/smtpd[17980]: warning: unknown[217.XX.XXX.140]: SASL PLAIN authentication failed: generic failure With "Encrypted password": Oct 2 10:45:27 srf postfix/smtpd[21872]: connect from unknown[217.XX.XXX.140] Oct 2 10:45:28 srf postfix/smtpd[21872]: 50B3A332AAB: client=unknown[217.XX.XXX.140], sasl_method=CRAM-MD5, [email protected] Oct 2 10:45:28 srf postfix/cleanup[21899]: 50B3A332AAB: message-id=<[email protected]> Oct 2 10:45:28 srf postfix/qmgr[6181]: 50B3A332AAB: from=<[email protected]>, size=398, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 2 10:45:28 srf postfix/smtpd[21872]: disconnect from unknown[217.XX.XXX.140] Config: /etc/imapd.conf:sasl_mech_list:LOGIN PLAIN CRAM-MD5 and /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf:mech_list: LOGIN PLAIN CRAM-MD5 I have no idea where to dig. Please advise.

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  • Accidentally dd'ed an image to wrong drive / overwrote partition table + NTFS partition start

    - by Kento Locatelli
    I screwed up and set the wrong output for dd when trying to copy a freenas iso, overwriting the wrong external hard drive. Ironically, I was trying to setup a freenas server for data backup... External drive is only used for data storage, system is entirely intact Drive had a single NTFS partition filing the entire device (2TB WD elements) Drive originally had an MBR partition table. Drive now shows as having a GPT, presumably from the freenas image. Drive was mounted at the time, with maybe a couple kB of data written/read after running dd Drive is just a few months old and healthy (regular SMART / fs checks) I have not reboot the OS (crunchbang) /proc/partition still holds the correct information (and has been stored) Have dd's output (records in / out / bytes) testdrive did not find any partitions on quick or deep search running photorec to recover the more important data (a couple recent plaintext files that hadn't been backed up yet). Vast majority of disk content ( 80%) is unnecessary media files. My current plan is to let photorec do it's thing, then recreate the mbr with gparted and use cfdisk to create another NTFS partition using the sector information from /sys/block/.../. Is that a good course of action (that is, a chance of success)? Or anything else I should try first? Possibly relevant information: dd if=FreeNAS-8.0.4-RELEASE-p3-x86.iso of=/dev/sdc: 194568+0 records in 194568+0 records out 99618816 bytes (100 MB) copied grep . /sys/block/sdc/sdc*/{start,size}: /sys/block/sdc/sdc1/start:2048 /sys/block/sdc/sdc1/size:3907022848 cat /proc/partitions: major minor #blocks name ** Snipped ** 8 32 1953512448 sdc 8 33 1953511424 sdc1 current fdisk -l output: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdc'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdc: 2000.4 GB, 2000396746752 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

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  • changing user in ubuntu

    - by Rahul Mehta
    Hi , this is my ls -all, the zfapi folder have the root right , how can i change this to www-data. Also Please advise what is the first root and secont root is ? Thanks drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 2011-01-06 18:21 cdnapi -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 678 2010-08-30 12:02 config.js drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 2010-11-23 15:55 css drwxr-xr-x 7 www-data www-data 4096 2010-11-17 13:12 images -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 25064 2010-12-17 18:26 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 19830 2010-12-18 11:24 init.js drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 2010-12-02 12:34 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 18758 2010-12-06 18:00 styles.css -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 1081 2010-10-21 17:56 testbganim.html drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 2010-12-17 11:15 yapi drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 2011-01-07 18:20 zfapi

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  • Add user in CentOS 5

    - by Ron
    I created a new user in my CentOS web server with useradd. Added a password with passwd. But I can't log in with the user via SSH. I keep getting 'access denied'. I checked to make sure that the password was assigned and that the account is active. /var/log/secure shows the following error: Aug 13 03:41:40 server1 su: pam_unix(su:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=500 euid=0 tty=pts/0 ruser=rwade rhost= user=root Please help, Thanks Thanks for the responses so far: I should add that it is a VPS on a remote computer, fresh out of the box. I can log in as the root user quite fine. I can also su to the new user, but I cannot log in as the new user. Here is my sshd_config file: # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.73 2005/12/06 22:38:28 reyk Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. #Port 22 #Protocol 2,1 Protocol 2 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #RSAAuthentication yes #PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts #RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! #PasswordAuthentication yes #PermitEmptyPasswords no PasswordAuthentication yes # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no GSSAPIAuthentication yes #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication mechanism. # Depending on your PAM configuration, this may bypass the setting of # PasswordAuthentication, PermitEmptyPasswords, and # "PermitRootLogin without-password". If you just want the PAM account and # session checks to run without PAM authentication, then enable this but set # ChallengeResponseAuthentication=no #UsePAM no UsePAM yes # Accept locale-related environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL #AllowTcpForwarding yes #GatewayPorts no #X11Forwarding no X11Forwarding yes #X11DisplayOffset 10 #X11UseLocalhost yes #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes #TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #ShowPatchLevel no #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner /some/path # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

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  • How can I setup a group writeable directory?

    - by meder
    $ whoami meder $ cd /var/www $ sudo mkdir html $ sudo groupadd web $ sudo usermod -a -G web meder $ sudo usermod -a -G web medertest $ sudo chown meder:web html $ sudo chmod -R g+rwx html The problem is, anytime I create a new file in /var/www/html even though the group is set to web, it is only writeable by the original user. I was given the advice of setting the umask to be 002 because the default is what causes the problems. But I would have to do this for all users in that group, and as far as I know it would be tedious having all of them modify ~/.bashrc to have umask 002. Even if I can do it myself with a shell command for all of those users, it still seems too tedious. Can anyone offer any advice on having a group writeable directory?

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  • fstab line for auto mount drive that all users can read/write

    - by evilblender
    I have installed a cable that connects from the CPU's SATA motherboard connection to a removable drives' ESATA connection. I would like to be able to swap drives on the ESATA connection and have all users be able to read and write to these drives. I have created the directory /archive/ where I would like the drive(s) to mount. The drives are all formatted Fat 32 - but in the future I may use HFS for formatting. When I used the command (as root): mount /dev/sdc1 /archive the drive was mounted (but read only) What can I use in my /etc/fstab file that will allow drives to be mounted and unmounted by all users on the system? (both reading and writing) Also, will I be able to mount and unmount these drives without shutting down? or will I need to reboot every time I want to change drives? Thank you. Jeff

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  • File corruption when copying different file on raid 1

    - by Stephan
    I have a RAID 1 configuration of 2 1TB drives on a Fedora 12 box. Most of what is stored there are video files that are numerical labeled. The problem I'm having is that I had one of the video files get corrupted. I copied a replacement from a backup and replaced the bad file and now it works fine. However, after doing this the next numbered file goes from 350MB to 200KB and all but about .5 second of video disappears. If I then replace that file it happens to the next one down the line. Ex: Replace corrupt file 1.avi and file 2.avi shrinks to 200KB. Replace now corrupted 2.avi and it works but 3.avi gets screwed up. I have run SMART tests on the drives and they report fine. Does anyone have any tests I can run to try to figure out what is going on? EDIT: It is a two disk software RAID 1 with an ext4 filesystem

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  • TC hashing filters - single rule deletion

    - by exa
    For traffic shaping I'm currently using a setup that looks exactly like the setup from LARTC, on this page: http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I have a simple problem with that - everytime I want to modify something in the hash table (like assign a IP to different flowid), I need to delete the whole filter table and add it again filter by filter. (I actually don't do it by hand, I have a nice program that does it for me... but still...) There is a problem - I got roughly 10k filters allocated this way and deleting and refilling the whole filtertable can get pretty lengthy, which is not exactly good for traffic shaping. My program could easily manage to delete only the rules that need to be deleted (thus reducing the whole problem to several commands and miliseconds), but I simply don't know the command that deletes only the one hashing rule. My tc filter show: filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2: ht divisor 256 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:a:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt a flowid 1:101 match 0a0a0a0a/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:c:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt c flowid 1:102 match 0a0a0a0c/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key ht 800 bkt 0 link 2: match 00000000/00000000 at 16 hash mask 000000ff at 16 The wish: 'tc filter del ...' command that removes only one specific filter (for example the 0a0a0a0a IP match (IP address 10.10.10.10)). Removal of some small subgroup would also be good - for example I could still recreate a bucket (bkt a) pretty fast. My attempts: I tried to number all the filters using prio, but with no help -- they just create something unusuable (but deletable) below, but the bucketed filters remain there after that gets deleted. Any ideas? edit - I'm adding a simplified tl;dr description of the problem: I created hash filter on some interfce just like in this http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I want to find a command that deletes one rule (e.g. 1.2.1.123) from the table, leaving the rest untouched and working.

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  • Ubuntu Natty 11.04, Turning the wireless switch off; switches it off permanently!

    - by ZiGi
    i'm using an hp pavilion dv2000 i turned the wifi switch off by mistake, the LED turned orange and the wifi got disconnected. and now when i turn the switch on, it remains orange and the wifi still isn't functional. this happened before; i found a fix that worked searching google. it was done via terminal commands and i didn't have to download anything but i can't find the solution anymore! wlan0 shows up when i use: :~$iwconfig #BLA BLA BLA #... wlan0 IEEE 802.11abg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off more results: :~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 up SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not possible due to RF-kill :~$ rfkill list all 1: phy0: WirelessLAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: yes :~$ sudo rfkill unblock all :~$ rfkill list all 1: phy0: WirelessLAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes :~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 up SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not possible due to RF-kill it's still hard blocked! even though the switch is turned on; gives the same result eitherways a direction to a page with a working solution is a much appreciated answer!

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  • Why does running "$ sudo chmod -R 664 . " cause me to get access denied on all affected directories?

    - by Codemonkey
    I have a project folder which has messy permissions on all files. I've had the bad tendency of setting everything to octal permissions 777 because it solved all non security related issues. Then FTP uploads, files created by text editors etc. has their own set of permissions making everything a mess. I've decided to take myself together and start using the permissions the way they were meant to be used. I figured 664 was a good default for all my files and folders, and I'd just remove permissions for others on private files, and add +x for executable files. The second I changed my project folder to 664 however: $ sudo chmod -R 664 . $ ls ls: cannot open directory .: Permission denied Which makes no sense to me. I have read/write permissions, and I'm the owner of the project folder. The leftmost part of ls -l in my project folder looks like this: -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... drw-rw-r-- 5 codemonkey codemonkey ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... drw-rw-r-- 3 codemonkey codemonkey ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... -rw-rw-r-- 1 codemonkey codemonkey ... drw-rw-r-- 4 codemonkey codemonkey ... drw-rw-r-- 5 codemonkey codemonkey ... I assume this has something to do with the permissions on the directories, but what?

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  • zlib/libxml2 duplicate package?

    - by Fusion
    I've been updating my amazon ec2 micro instance every month till now. when i try to "yum update" i receive this error : zlib-1.2.5-7.11.amzn1.x86_64 has installed conflicts libxml2 < ('0', '2.7.7', None): libxml2-2.7.6-4.12.amzn1.x86_64 zlib-1.2.5-7.11.amzn1.x86_64 is a duplicate with zlib-1.2.3-27.9.amzn1.x86_64 yum update output: http://pastebin.com/Dfq0yphN I've tried to update separately zlib and libxml2 zlib: same "duplicate" error. libxml2: Transaction Check Error: package libxml2-2.7.8-10.24.amzn1.x86_64 is already installed what can i do?

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  • Is it possible to install Ubuntu Server 10.04 *from* a USB drive?

    - by MousePad
    I've tried the Universal USB Installer from PenDrive, and put 10.04 Ubuntu Server on it. But when I boot up and try to install, it looks for a Ubuntu CD ROM, which I do not have. I thought the whole point is to be able to install from a USB, which seems easy with the Desktop version. Why is the server version not allowing me to do this? Am I missing something?

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  • How can I find all hardlinked files on a filesystem?

    - by haimg
    I need to find all hardlinked files on a given filesystem. E.g. get a list of files, each line contains linked pairs, or triplets, etc. I understand more or less how to do it, one needs to create a dictionary keyed by inode for all files/directories on a filesystem, exclude "." and ".." links, and then indodes with more than one name are hardlinks... But I hope that maybe a ready-made solution exists, or someone already wrote such a script.

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