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• Allow SFTP in iptables

  - by Kevin Orriss

  I have just purchased a VPS from linode and am going through the setup guide. I have everything running (apache2, php, mysql etc) but I am being denied access via SFTP when using fileZilla to upload a file. Now this is my second time installing the server as I missed a section out the first time. I was able to connect to my server through SFTP on filezilla the first time and the thing I missed out was adding a new user and editing the iptables in the firewall. So it would seem that the guide I have been following has blocked SFTP but allowed SSH. Here is the iptables file: *filter # Allow all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0 -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT ! -i lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT # Accept all established inbound connections -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow all outbound traffic - you can modify this to only allow certain traffic -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # Allow HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites and SSL). -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSH connections # # The -dport number should be the same port number you set in sshd_config # -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow ping -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT # Log iptables denied calls -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 # Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy -A INPUT -j REJECT -A FORWARD -j REJECT COMMIT All I would like is a line I need to put in there which allows SFTP over port 22. Thank you for reading this.

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• cause for mysql crash

  - by user1322092

  A cron job automatically restarted my mysql database. What's the cause for the crash, or can you suggest how to resolve or monitor. I would REALLY appreciate your input. 120715 14:38:58 mysqld started 120715 14:38:58 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 411137570 120715 14:38:58 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.0.95' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution 120715 15:14:21 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Normal shutdown 120715 15:14:23 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 120715 15:14:25 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 411166467 120715 15:14:25 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 120715 08:14:25 mysqld ended 120715 08:14:26 mysqld started 120715 8:14:26 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 411166467 120715 8:14:26 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.0.95' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution 121212 09:15:32 mysqld started InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles! 121212 9:15:58 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally! InnoDB: Starting crash recovery. InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files... InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite InnoDB: buffer... 121212 9:17:28 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 554145193 121212 9:17:57 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '5.0.95' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution

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• Configuring iptables rules for HAProxy and others

  - by MLister

  I have the following relevant settings for HAProxy: defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull retries 3 option redispatch maxconn 500 contimeout 5s clitimeout 15s srvtimeout 15s frontend public bind *:80 option http-server-close option http-pretend-keepalive option forwardfor # ACLs ... I have three backends (including a Nginx server) configured in HAProxy, all listening on different ports of 127.0.0.1. And my iptables config is this: *filter # Allows all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0 -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT # Accepts all established inbound connections -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allows all outbound traffic # You can modify this to only allow certain traffic -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT # Allows HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites) -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Allows SSH connections # # THE -dport NUMBER IS THE SAME ONE YOU SET UP IN THE SSHD_CONFIG FILE # -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow ping -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT # log iptables denied calls -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 # Reject all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy -A INPUT -j REJECT -A FORWARD -j REJECT COMMIT My questions are: Would the above iptables config work with the settings/options in my HAProxy config? I am also runnning a postgres and a redis server on the same machine, what settings do I need to adjust for these two to enable them work with iptables?

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• What is the difference between "ORA-12571: TNS packet writer failure" and "ORA-03135: connection los

  - by Philippe

  I am working in an environment where we get production issues from time to time related to Oracle connections. We use ODP.NET from ASP.NET applications, and we suspect the firewall closes connections that have been in the connection pool too long. Sometimes we get an "ORA-12571: TNS packet writer failure" error, and sometimes we get "ORA-03135: connection lost contact." I was wondering if someone has run into this and/or has an understanding of the difference between the 2 errors.

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• djnago-multilingual-ng / Django 1.1.1 incompatibility?

  - by omat

  I am getting "cannot import name connections" exception while trying to use django-multilingual-ng 0.1.20 with Django 1.1.1. The exception comes from the line 15 of query.py where it tries to: from django.db import connections, DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS Is it not compatible with Django 1.1.1? Does anybody tried this combination and have any suggestions? Thanks. -- oMat

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• Sockets server design advice

  - by Rob

  We are writing a socket server in c# and need some advice on the design. Background: Clients (from mobile devices) connect to our server app and we leave their socket open so we can send data back down to them whenever we need to. The amount of data varies but we generally send/receive data from each client every few seconds, so it's quite intensive. The amount of simultaneous connections can range from 50-500 (and more in the future). We have already written a server app using async sockets and it works, however we've come across some stumbling blocks and we need to make sure that what we're doing is correct. We have a collection which holds our client states (we have no socket/connection pool at the moment, should we?). Each time a client connects we create a socket and then wait for them to send us some data and in receiveCallBack we add their clientstate object to our connections dictionary (once we have verified who they are). When a client object then signs off we shutdown their socket and then close it as well as remove them from our collection of clients dictionary. Presumably everything happens in the right order, everything works as expected. However, almost everyday it stops accepting connections, or so we think, either that or it connects but doesn't actually do anything past that and we can't work out why it's just stopping. There are few things that we'r'e unsure about 1) Should we be creating some kind of connection pool as opposed to just a dictionary of client sockets 2) What happens to the sockets that connect but then don't get added to our dictionary, they just linger around in memory doing nothing, should we create ANOTHER dictionary that holds the sockets as soon as they are created? 3) What's the best way of finding if clients are no longer connected? We've read some many methods but we're not sure of the best one to use, send data or read data, if so how? 4) If we loop through the connections dictonary to check for disposed clients, should we be locking the dictionary, if so how does this affect other clients objects trying to use it at the same time, will it throw an error or just wait? 5) We often get disposedSocketException within ReceiveCallBack method at random times, does this mean we are safe to remove that socket from the collection? We can't seem to find any production type examples which show any of this working. Any advice would be greatly received

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• How to configure maximum number of transport channels in WCF using basicHttpBinding?

  - by Hemant

  Consider following code which is essentially a WCF host: [ServiceContract (Namespace = "http://www.mightycalc.com")] interface ICalculator { [OperationContract] int Add (int aNum1, int aNum2); } [ServiceBehavior (InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall)] class Calculator: ICalculator { public int Add (int aNum1, int aNum2) { Thread.Sleep (2000); //Simulate a lengthy operation return aNum1 + aNum2; } } class Program { static void Main (string[] args) { try { using (var serviceHost = new ServiceHost (typeof (Calculator))) { var httpBinding = new BasicHttpBinding (BasicHttpSecurityMode.None); serviceHost.AddServiceEndpoint (typeof (ICalculator), httpBinding, "http://172.16.9.191:2221/calc"); serviceHost.Open (); Console.WriteLine ("Service is running. ENJOY!!!"); Console.WriteLine ("Type 'stop' and hit enter to stop the service."); Console.ReadLine (); if (serviceHost.State == CommunicationState.Opened) serviceHost.Close (); } } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine (e); Console.ReadLine (); } } } Also the WCF client program is: class Program { static int COUNT = 0; static Timer timer = null; static void Main (string[] args) { var threads = new Thread[10]; for (int i = 0; i < threads.Length; i++) { threads[i] = new Thread (Calculate); threads[i].Start (null); } timer = new Timer (o => Console.WriteLine ("Count: {0}", COUNT), null, 1000, 1000); Console.ReadLine (); timer.Dispose (); } static void Calculate (object state) { var c = new CalculatorClient ("BasicHttpBinding_ICalculator"); c.Open (); while (true) { try { var sum = c.Add (2, 3); Interlocked.Increment (ref COUNT); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine ("Error on thread {0}: {1}", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, ex.GetType ()); break; } } c.Close (); } } Basically, I am creating 10 proxy clients and then repeatedly calling Add service method. Now if I run both applications and observe opened TCP connections using netstat, I find that: If both client and server are running on same machine, number of tcp connections are equal to number of proxy objects. It means all requests are being served in parallel. Which is good. If I run server on a separate machine, I observed that maximum 2 TCP connections are opened regardless of the number of proxy objects I create. Only 2 requests run in parallel. It hurts the processing speed badly. If I switch to net.tcp binding, everything works fine (a separate TCP connection for each proxy object even if they are running on different machines). I am very confused and unable to make the basicHttpBinding use more TCP connections. I know it is a long question, but please help!

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• grep a specific word and sum it

  - by Kimi

  I want to grep an environment variable env | grep ABC_IJK[1,2] currenlty defined variables are like this ABC_IJK1=123 ABC_IJK1_XYZ=sn123:345 ABC_IJK2=999 ABC_IJK2_XYZ=sn321:999 I only want to get only this ABC_IJK1=123 ABC_IJK2=999 get number of connections sum them(not 123 + 999) and save in N1 (this one has 2 connection) so N1=2 get number of connections sum them and save in N2 for other machine (if this have four) so N2=4 If the value is not there or the variable is not present then N1=1 for below: ABC_IJK1= ABC_IJK2=123 Then need to compare it with a MAX_CONNECTION variable Thanks

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• Create flow diagram programmatically

  - by Julian Lettner

  I want to visualize components and connections of a HVAC system with .NET/C#. The diagrams will just include a few different components and their connections. They do not have to comply to any formal standard and should look alike the diagrams attached. In addition the user should be able to select a single component/connection (so that I can display additional data). Which free drawing/charting library would you use and why? Thanks for your time.

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• With sqlalchemy how to dynamically bind to database engine on a per-request basis

  - by Peter Hansen

  I have a Pylons-based web application which connects via Sqlalchemy (v0.5) to a Postgres database. For security, rather than follow the typical pattern of simple web apps (as seen in just about all tutorials), I'm not using a generic Postgres user (e.g. "webapp") but am requiring that users enter their own Postgres userid and password, and am using that to establish the connection. That means we get the full benefit of Postgres security. Complicating things still further, there are two separate databases to connect to. Although they're currently in the same Postgres cluster, they need to be able to move to separate hosts at a later date. We're using sqlalchemy's declarative package, though I can't see that this has any bearing on the matter. Most examples of sqlalchemy show trivial approaches such as setting up the Metadata once, at application startup, with a generic database userid and password, which is used through the web application. This is usually done with Metadata.bind = create_engine(), sometimes even at module-level in the database model files. My question is, how can we defer establishing the connections until the user has logged in, and then (of course) re-use those connections, or re-establish them using the same credentials, for each subsequent request. We have this working -- we think -- but I'm not only not certain of the safety of it, I also think it looks incredibly heavy-weight for the situation. Inside the __call__ method of the BaseController we retrieve the userid and password from the web session, call sqlalchemy create_engine() once for each database, then call a routine which calls Session.bind_mapper() repeatedly, once for each table that may be referenced on each of those connections, even though any given request usually references only one or two tables. It looks something like this: # in lib/base.py on the BaseController class def __call__(self, environ, start_response): # note: web session contains {'username': XXX, 'password': YYY} url1 = 'postgres://%(username)s:%(password)s@server1/finance' % session url2 = 'postgres://%(username)s:%(password)s@server2/staff' % session finance = create_engine(url1) staff = create_engine(url2) db_configure(staff, finance) # see below ... etc # in another file Session = scoped_session(sessionmaker()) def db_configure(staff, finance): s = Session() from db.finance import Employee, Customer, Invoice for c in [ Employee, Customer, Invoice, ]: s.bind_mapper(c, finance) from db.staff import Project, Hour for c in [ Project, Hour, ]: s.bind_mapper(c, staff) s.close() # prevents leaking connections between sessions? So the create_engine() calls occur on every request... I can see that being needed, and the Connection Pool probably caches them and does things sensibly. But calling Session.bind_mapper() once for each table, on every request? Seems like there has to be a better way. Obviously, since a desire for strong security underlies all this, we don't want any chance that a connection established for a high-security user will inadvertently be used in a later request by a low-security user.

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• What happens when you close an Entity Framework connection

  - by Shiraz Bhaiji

  We are using Entity Framework 1.0. In some cases we need to explicitly open connections, and then need to explicitly close connections. See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb738582.aspx My question is, when we call "close" does the connection actually get closed, or is it just returned to the connection pool?

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• How to break a Hibernate session?

  - by Péter Török

  In the Hibernate reference, it is stated several times that All exceptions thrown by Hibernate are fatal. This means you have to roll back the database transaction and close the current Session. You aren’t allowed to continue working with a Session that threw an exception. One of our legacy apps uses a single session to update/insert many records from files into a DB table. Each recourd update/insert is done in a separate transaction, which is then duly committed (or rolled back in case an error occurred). Then for the next record a new transaction is opened etc. But the same session is used throughout the whole process, even if a HibernateException was caught in the middle. We are using Oracle 9i btw with Hibernate 3.24.sp1 on JBoss 4.2. Reading the above in the book, I realized that this design may fail. So I refactored the app to use a separate session for each record update. In a unit test with a mock session factory, I could prove that it is now requesting a new session for each record update. So far, so good. However, we found no way to reproduce the session failure while testing the whole app (would this be a stress test btw, or ...?). We thought of shutting down the listener of the DB but we realized that the app is keeping a bunch of connections open to the DB, and the listener would not affect those connections. (This is a web app, activated once every night by a scheduler, but it can also be activated via the browser.) Then we tried to kill some of those connections in the DB while the app was processing updates - this resulted in some failed updates, but then the app happily continued. Apparently Hibernate is clever enough to reopen broken connections under the hood without breaking the whole session. So this might not be a critical issue, as our app seems to be robust enough even in its original form. However, the issue keeps bugging me. I would like to know: Under what circumstances does the Hibernate session really become unusable after a HibernateException was thrown? How to reproduce this in a test? (What's the proper term for such a test?)

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• Is there a solution that lets Node.js act as an HTTP reverse proxy?

  - by Igor Zinov'yev

  Our company has a project that right now uses nginx as a reverse proxy for serving static content and supporting comet connections. We use long polling connections to get rid of constant refresh requests and let users get updates immediately. Now, I know there is a lot of code already written for Node.js, but is there a solution that lets Node.js act as a reverse proxy for serving static content as nginx does? Or maybe there is a framework that allows to quickly develop such a layer using Node.js?

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• What is the relationship between a SPID and a Connection in SQL server?

  - by Shiraz Bhaiji

  Can a SPID be used by two connections, while both connections are open? If a connection is returned to a connection pool, will it hold on to the SPID?

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• Problems with Ajax Chat version .8.3

  - by Matt

  I am not sure why, but my Ajax Chatroom ever once in awhile (once time ever other day on average I'd say), displays an connection error 503. Now doing some digging apparently 503 is an error for exceeding max connections, and the typical fix is increasing your limit to something like 400 but my max connections is already set to 1500. That being said I would love some help on the issue as I cannot find any further info on it.

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• Correct way to set the driverOptions for Doctrine DBAL configuration in symfony2

  - by yesIcan

  I have set driverOptions in the config file as mentioned in the doctrine DBAL documentation. But this gives and error 1/1 InvalidConfigurationException: Unrecognized options "driverOptions" under "doctrine.dbal.connections.pdoDevCon" My config file is dbal: default_connection: pdoDevCon connections: pdoDevCon: driver: %dev_database_driver% # < host: %dev_database_host% # | port: %dev_database_port% # | Defined in user: %dev_database_user% # | password: %dev_database_password% # < charset: UTF8 driverOptions: {3: 2} mapping_types: enum: string set: string orm: auto_generate_proxy_classes: %kernel.debug% pdoDevCon: connection: pdoDevCon mappings: AcmeDemoBundle: ~ AcmeHelloBundle: ~ I am using PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE as 3 PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION as 2, it does not work even if i use the strings.

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• What is IE's Maximum Parallel Connection Accross All Hosts

  - by timeitquery

  Based on the IE documentation on MSDN IE 8 supports up to 6 parallel connections per server and IE 6,7 support 2. What is the upper limit of parallel connections accross all the hosts? So if I have 60 hosts, 8 requests per host, so 360 requests in the HTML page - does it mean that IE 8 will have 360 connection in parallel and IE 6 or 7 would have 120? (ignoring the html rendering time, and if call is blocking or not)

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• Cocoa class not displaying data in NSWindow

  - by Matt S.

  I have one class that controls one window, and another class that controls a different window in the same xib, however, the second window never displays what it should. In the first class I alloc and init the second class, then pass some information to it. In the second class it displays that data in the table view. Yes, in the .xib I have all the connections set up correctly, I've quadruple checked. Also the code is correct, same with the connections, I've quadruple checked.

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• Not able to access the server after changing the password?

  - by cyrilsebastian

  While accessing the server, the error comes: Multiple connections to a server or shared resource by the same user, using more than one user name, are not allowed. Disconnect all previous connections to the server or shared resource and try again. I am logging in from Administrator in XP machine, able to access server from other machines. Is there any problem with administrator profile??

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• NHibernate + Sql Compact + IoC - Connection Managment

  - by Michael

  When working with NHibernate and Sql Compact in a Windows Form application I am wondering what is the best practice for managing connections. With SQL CE I have read that you should keep your connection open vs closing it as one would typically do with standard SQL. If that is the case and your using a IoC, would you make your repositories lifetime be singletons so they exist forever or dispose of them after you perform a "Unit of Work". Also is there a way to determine the number of connections open to Sql CE?

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• Connection Limit in Adobe AIR?

  - by Brinias

  I have an Adobe AIR application that makes multiple connections to a server. When I open more than two connections I get an error: 2032: Stream Error. Is there a configuration option or a property somewhere to raise the limit?

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• how to trigger notification from other framework in atmosphere (comet)?

  - by Sean Xiong

  basically i have read some samples, but all are self contained in one servlet. such as: use doGet to establish the long polling connection, and then use doPost to trigger the event to notify all suspended connections. Here is my question: I have other web actions programming in spring mvc, in the spring mvc controller a user post a message via /message/post, how can I make this action to trigger the atmosphere handler to notify the suspended connections?

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• Should $new_link be used in mysql_connect()?

  - by Eddie

  I'm maintaining an inherited site built on Drupal. We are currently experiencing "too many connections" to the database. In the /includes/database.mysql.inc file, @mysql_connect($url['host'], $url['user'], $url['pass'], TRUE, 2) (mysql_connect() documentation) is used to connect to the database. Should $new_link = TRUE be used? My understanding is that it will "always open a new link." Could this be causing the "too many connections"?

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• Is there any analog of TCPvcon which allows to close TCP connection on remote machine?

  - by Miollnyr

  Hi, I started to use SysInternals suite, and it is great. But I wonder, whether there is any analog of TCPvcon, which allows to logon to remote machine, like psexec does, and then get list of TCP connections from there (similar to pslist functionality), and then to close some of connections (similar to pskill functionality). I am speaking about windows console tools and I would like to avoid installing something on remote machine is this is possible.

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• Recommendations on apache tuning for chat application

  - by sofia

  Hi, I have a chat application (xmpp / muc) that is going to be served by apache (we might change to nginx later but right now it's not easily done). If a user is in 2 rooms, he'll have between 2 and 4 active connections to the server (long-polling connections), so if we have 200 users per room and we have 5 rooms, what should the ServerLimit, MaxClients be set to? For example, these are the default values: ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 Thanks,

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