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• ??11.2 RAC??OCR?Votedisk??ASM Diskgroup?????

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ????????Oracle Allstarts??????????ocr?votedisk?ASM diskgroup??11gR2 RAC cluster?????????,????«?11gR2 RAC???ASM DISK Path????»??????,??????CRS??????11.2??ASM???????, ????????????”crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs “; ?????????,??ASM????ocr?????votedisk?????,??11.2????ocr?votedisk???ASM?,?ASM???????ocr?votedisk,?????ocr?votedisk????????cluter??????;???????????CRS????,?????diskgroup??????????,?????????????????? ??:?????????????????ASM LUN DISK,???OCR?????,????????4??????????,???????$GI_HOME,?????????;????votedisk?? ????: ??dd????ocr?votedisk??diskgroup header,??diskgroup corruption: 1. ??votedisk? ocr?? [root@vrh1 ~]# crsctl query css votedisk ## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group -- ----- ----------------- --------- --------- 1. ONLINE a853d6204bbc4feabfd8c73d4c3b3001 (/dev/asm-diskh) [SYSTEMDG] 2. ONLINE a5b37704c3574f0fbf21d1d9f58c4a6b (/dev/asm-diskg) [SYSTEMDG] 3. ONLINE 36e5c51ff0294fc3bf2a042266650331 (/dev/asm-diski) [SYSTEMDG] 4. ONLINE af337d1512824fe4bf6ad45283517aaa (/dev/asm-diskj) [SYSTEMDG] 5. ONLINE 3c4a349e2e304ff6bf64b2b1c9d9cf5d (/dev/asm-diskk) [SYSTEMDG] Located 5 voting disk(s). su - grid [grid@vrh1 ~]$ ocrconfig -showbackup PROT-26: Oracle Cluster Registry backup locations were retrieved from a local copy vrh1 2012/08/09 01:59:56 /g01/11.2.0/maclean/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/backup00.ocr vrh1 2012/08/08 21:59:56 /g01/11.2.0/maclean/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/backup01.ocr vrh1 2012/08/08 17:59:55 /g01/11.2.0/maclean/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/backup02.ocr vrh1 2012/08/08 05:59:54 /g01/11.2.0/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/day.ocr vrh1 2012/08/08 05:59:54 /g01/11.2.0/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/week.ocr PROT-25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available 2. ??????????clusterware ,OHASD crsctl stop has -f 3. GetAsmDH.sh ==> GetAsmDH.sh?ASM disk header????? ????????,????????asm header [grid@vrh1 ~]$ ./GetAsmDH.sh ############################################ 1) Collecting Information About the Disks: ############################################ SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Aug 9 03:28:13 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> Connected. SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> SQL> 1 0 /dev/asm-diske 1 1 /dev/asm-diskd 2 0 /dev/asm-diskb 2 1 /dev/asm-diskc 2 2 /dev/asm-diskf 3 0 /dev/asm-diskh 3 1 /dev/asm-diskg 3 2 /dev/asm-diski 3 3 /dev/asm-diskj 3 4 /dev/asm-diskk SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/asmdisks.lst ############################################ 2) Generating asm_diskh.sh script. ############################################ -rwx------ 1 grid oinstall 666 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/asm_diskh.sh ############################################ 3) Executing asm_diskh.sh script to generate dd dumps. ############################################ -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_1_0.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_1_1.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_2_0.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_2_1.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_2_2.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_3_0.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_3_1.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_3_2.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_3_3.dd -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 1048576 Aug 9 03:28 /tmp/HC/dsk_3_4.dd ############################################ 4) Compressing dd dumps in the next format: (asm_dd_header_all_.tar) ############################################ /tmp/HC/dsk_1_0.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_1_1.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_2_0.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_2_1.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_2_2.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_3_0.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_3_1.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_3_2.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_3_3.dd /tmp/HC/dsk_3_4.dd ./GetAsmDH.sh: line 81: compress: command not found ls: /tmp/HC/*.Z: No such file or directory [grid@vrh1 ~]$ 4. ??dd ?? ??ocr?votedisk??diskgroup [root@vrh1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskh bs=1024k count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.00423853 seconds, 247 MB/s [root@vrh1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskg bs=1024k count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0045179 seconds, 232 MB/s [root@vrh1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diski bs=1024k count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.00469976 seconds, 223 MB/s [root@vrh1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskj bs=1024k count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.00344262 seconds, 305 MB/s [root@vrh1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskk bs=1024k count=1 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 0.0053518 seconds, 196 MB/s 5. ????????????HAS [root@vrh1 ~]# crsctl start has CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started. ????ocr?votedisk??diskgroup??,??CSS???????,???????: alertvrh1.log [cssd(5162)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/vrh1/cssd/ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:35:41.207 [cssd(5162)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/vrh1/cssd/ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:35:56.240 [cssd(5162)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/vrh1/cssd/ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:36:11.284 [cssd(5162)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/vrh1/cssd/ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:36:26.305 [cssd(5162)]CRS-1714:Unable to discover any voting files, retrying discovery in 15 seconds; Details at (:CSSNM00070:) in /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/vrh1/cssd/ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:36:41.328 ocssd.log 2012-08-09 03:40:26.662: [ CSSD][1078700352]clssnmReadDiscoveryProfile: voting file discovery string(/dev/asm*) 2012-08-09 03:40:26.662: [ CSSD][1078700352]clssnmvDDiscThread: using discovery string /dev/asm* for initial discovery 2012-08-09 03:40:26.662: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Discovery with str:/dev/asm*: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.662: [ SKGFD][1078700352]UFS discovery with :/dev/asm*: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskf: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskb: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskj: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskh: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskc: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskd: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diske: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskg: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diski: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Fetching UFS disk :/dev/asm-diskk: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]OSS discovery with :/dev/asm*: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Handle 0xdf22a0 from lib :UFS:: for disk :/dev/asm-diskf: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.665: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Handle 0xf412a0 from lib :UFS:: for disk :/dev/asm-diskb: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.666: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Handle 0xf3a680 from lib :UFS:: for disk :/dev/asm-diskj: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.666: [ SKGFD][1078700352]Handle 0xf93da0 from lib :UFS:: for disk :/dev/asm-diskh: 2012-08-09 03:40:26.667: [ CSSD][1078700352]clssnmvDiskVerify: Successful discovery of 0 disks 2012-08-09 03:40:26.667: [ CSSD][1078700352]clssnmCompleteInitVFDiscovery: Completing initial voting file discovery 2012-08-09 03:40:26.667: [ CSSD][1078700352]clssnmvFindInitialConfigs: No voting files found 2012-08-09 03:40:26.667: [ CSSD][1078700352](:CSSNM00070:)clssnmCompleteInitVFDiscovery: Voting file not found. Retrying discovery in 15 seconds ?????ocr?votedisk??diskgroup?????: 1. ?-excl -nocrs ????cluster,??????ASM?? ????CRS [root@vrh1 vrh1]# crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started. CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'vrh1' CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'vrh1' CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2679: Attempting to clean 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'vrh1' CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.ctssd' on 'vrh1' CRS-2681: Clean of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.ctssd' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cluster_interconnect.haip' on 'vrh1' succeeded CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'vrh1' CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'vrh1' succeeded 2.???ocr?votedisk??diskgroup,??compatible.asm???11.2: [root@vrh1 vrh1]# su - grid [grid@vrh1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Aug 9 04:16:58 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options SQL> create diskgroup systemdg high redundancy disk '/dev/asm-diskh','/dev/asm-diskg','/dev/asm-diski','/dev/asm-diskj','/dev/asm-diskk' ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '11.2', 'compatible.asm' = '11.2'; 3.?ocr backup???ocr??ocrcheck??: [root@vrh1 ~]# ocrconfig -restore /g01/11.2.0/grid/cdata/vrh-cluster/backup00.ocr [root@vrh1 ~]# ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 3 Total space (kbytes) : 262120 Used space (kbytes) : 3180 Available space (kbytes) : 258940 ID : 1238458014 Device/File Name : +systemdg Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check succeeded 4. ????votedisk ,??????????: [grid@vrh1 ~]$ crsctl replace votedisk +SYSTEMDG CRS-4602: Failed 27 to add voting file 2e4e0fe285924f86bf5473d00dcc0388. CRS-4602: Failed 27 to add voting file 4fa54bb0cc5c4fafbf1a9be5479bf389. CRS-4602: Failed 27 to add voting file a109ead9ea4e4f28bfe233188623616a. CRS-4602: Failed 27 to add voting file 042c9fbd71b54f5abfcd3ab3408f3cf3. CRS-4602: Failed 27 to add voting file 7b5a8cd24f954fafbf835ad78615763f. Failed to replace voting disk group with +SYSTEMDG. CRS-4000: Command Replace failed, or completed with errors. ????????ASM???,???ASM: SQL> alter system set asm_diskstring='/dev/asm*'; System altered. SQL> create spfile from memory; File created. SQL> startup force mount; ORA-32004: obsolete or deprecated parameter(s) specified for ASM instance ASM instance started Total System Global Area 283930624 bytes Fixed Size 2227664 bytes Variable Size 256537136 bytes ASM Cache 25165824 bytes ASM diskgroups mounted SQL> show parameter spfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string /g01/11.2.0/grid/dbs/spfile+AS M1.ora [grid@vrh1 trace]$ crsctl replace votedisk +SYSTEMDG CRS-4256: Updating the profile Successful addition of voting disk 85edc0e82d274f78bfc58cdc73b8c68a. Successful addition of voting disk 201ffffc8ba44faabfe2efec2aa75840. Successful addition of voting disk 6f2a25c589964faabf6980f7c5f621ce. Successful addition of voting disk 93eb315648454f25bf3717df1a2c73d5. Successful addition of voting disk 3737240678964f88bfbfbd31d8b3829f. Successfully replaced voting disk group with +SYSTEMDG. CRS-4256: Updating the profile CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced 5. ??has??,??cluster????: [root@vrh1 ~]# crsctl check crs CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online CRS-4533: Event Manager is online [root@vrh1 ~]# crsctl query css votedisk ## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group -- ----- ----------------- --------- --------- 1. ONLINE 85edc0e82d274f78bfc58cdc73b8c68a (/dev/asm-diskh) [SYSTEMDG] 2. ONLINE 201ffffc8ba44faabfe2efec2aa75840 (/dev/asm-diskg) [SYSTEMDG] 3. ONLINE 6f2a25c589964faabf6980f7c5f621ce (/dev/asm-diski) [SYSTEMDG] 4. ONLINE 93eb315648454f25bf3717df1a2c73d5 (/dev/asm-diskj) [SYSTEMDG] 5. ONLINE 3737240678964f88bfbfbd31d8b3829f (/dev/asm-diskk) [SYSTEMDG] Located 5 voting disk(s). [root@vrh1 ~]# crsctl stat res -t -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.BACKUPDG.dg ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.DATA.dg ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.LSN_MACLEAN.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.SYSTEMDG.dg ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 Started ora.gsd OFFLINE OFFLINE vrh1 ora.net1.network ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.ons ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr http://www.askmaclean.com 1 ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.cvu 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.oc4j 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.scan1.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.vprod.db 1 ONLINE OFFLINE 2 ONLINE OFFLINE ora.vrh1.vip 1 ONLINE ONLINE vrh1 ora.vrh2.vip 1 ONLINE INTERMEDIATE vrh1 FAILED OVER

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• ASP.Net application can no longer write to DB after having run out of disk space

  - by remi.despres-smyth

  I'm a software developer troubleshooting a sticky problem on a client's production server, and I've got a bit of a problem. They have a virtual server running Windows Server 2008, SQL Server 2008 R1 and IIS7. It was provisioned with two partitions: one that has the OS (~15 Gig), and the other has IIS' web sites (another ~15 Gig). My application that's running this server has been running perfectly well, up until about an hour ago, when it started throwing System.IO.IOException: "There is not enough space on disk". As soon as my client notified me, I cleared up some space on C:\, emptied the recycle bin, and restarted SQL Server and IIS. The web server came back up and the application was running, but it no longer saves information to the database. No error message is coming up, the application can get information out of the DB, but it can no longer save data back to it. I rebooted the server, to no effect. I spoke with a sys admin at the hosting company, and he says SQL Server appears to have come up fine and the database is not in read-only mode. I confirmed that, as I can add records to tables from SQL Server Management Studio. I looked at the event log immediately after trying to save an edited record in the app, and no new events appear in there that I can tell. I'm assuming this is related to having run out of space, as it was all working fine prior to that, but I'm at a bit of a loss as to what exactly needs a kick in the pants to get going again. Can anyone help me out? What the heck is going on here?

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• Unexplained CPU and Disk activity spikes in SQL Server 2005

  - by Philip Goh

  Before I pose my question, please allow me to describe the situation. I have a database server, with a number of tables. Two of the biggest tables contain over 800k rows each. The majority of rows are less than 10k in size, though roughly 1 in 100 rows will be 1 MB but <4 MB. So out of the 1.6 million rows, about 16000 of them will be these large rows. The reason they are this big is because we're storing zip files binary blobs in the database, but I'm digressing. We have a service that runs constantly in the background, trimming 10 rows from each of these 2 tables. In the performance monitor graph above, these are the little bumps (red for CPU, green for disk queue). Once ever minute we get a large spike of CPU activity together with a jump in disk activity, indicated by the red arrow in the screenshot. I've run the SQL Server profiler, and there is nothing that jumps out as a candidate that would explain this spike. My suspicion is that this spike occurs when one of the large rows gets deleted. I've fed the results of the profiler into the tuning wizard, and I get no optimisation recommendations (i.e. I assume this means my database is indexed correctly for my current workload). I'm not overly worried as the server is coping fine in all circumstances, even under peak load. However, I would like to know if there is anything else I can do to find out what is causing this spike? Update: After investigating this some more, the CPU and disk usage spike was down to SQL server's automatic checkpoint. The database uses the simple recovery model, and this truncates the log file at each checkpoint. We can see this demonstrated in the following graph. As described on MSDN, the checkpoints will occur when the transaction log becomes 70% full and we are using the simple recovery model. This has been enlightening and I've definitely learned something!

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• postgresql No space left on device

  - by pstanton

  Postgres is reporting that it is out of disk space while performing a rather large aggregation query: Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: could not write block 31840050 of temporary file: No space left on device at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1592) at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1327) at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:192) at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:451) at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:350) at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeUpdate(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:304) at org.hibernate.engine.query.NativeSQLQueryPlan.performExecuteUpdate(NativeSQLQueryPlan.java:189) ... 8 more However the disk has quite a lot of space: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 386G 123G 243G 34% / udev 5.9G 172K 5.9G 1% /dev none 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm none 5.9G 628K 5.9G 1% /var/run none 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /var/lock none 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /lib/init/rw The query is doing the following: INSERT INTO summary_table SELECT t.a, t.b, SUM(t.c) AS c, COUNT(t.*) AS count, t.d, t.e, DATE_TRUNC('month', t.start) AS month, tt.type AS type, FALSE, tt.duration FROM detail_table_1 t, detail_table_2 tt WHERE t.trid=tt.id AND tt.type='a' AND DATE_PART('hour', t.start AT TIME ZONE 'Australia/Sydney' AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York')>=23 OR DATE_PART('hour', t.start AT TIME ZONE 'Australia/Sydney' AT TIME ZONE 'America/New_York')<13 GROUP BY month, type, t.a, t.b, t.d, t.e, FALSE, tt.duration any tips?

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• System Center Essentials server running out of disk space due to stored old updates

  - by Ricket

  We have a System Center Essentials (SCE) server to filter updates to our laptops. We've configured it to download the update, and then the laptops get the update from this server; this of course reduces our internet bandwidth and the time it takes for employees to receive the updates, which reduces the complaints we get about how long updates take. However we currently have a total of 2,255 updates stored on the server. SCE gives a breakdown: Updates with installation errors: 29 Updates needed by computers: 280 Updates installed/up-to-date: 0 Updates with no status: 1946 Our little server has 68gb of hard disk space, and the updates are currently taking 32gb and counting. Some of the updates date back to 2003, but we can't figure out a way to delete them to free up space on the server. Right-clicking an update and clicking Uninstall threatens to remove the update from all computers, which is not what we want. Some of the updates even inform us upon viewing: This update has been replaced by a newer update. Before declining this update, it is recommended that you approve the new update first and verify that this update is no longer needed by any computers. How do you prevent your SCE server from filling its hard drive space? Is there a way to configure the server to only keep updates that are still needed? Furthermore, why (in the above breakdown of updates) are there so many updates with "no status" and 0 updates that are "installed/up-to-date"?

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• Creating RAID1 on Windows Server causes not enough disk space error

  - by northpole

  I have three disks. Disk0 (boot), Disk1 and Disk2. Disk 1 and 2 are both unformatted and unallocated drives. I am trying to mirror Disk0 to Disk1. They are both Dynamic and are both the same size (1TB). When I select Disk1 to be the mirror I get the error "There is not enough space available on the disk(s) to complete this operation". I have spent several hours searching for a solution but have not found one. Why do I get this error when they are both the same size? EDIT: Shrinking the volume size on the boot disk by 100MB allowed me to get past this error. From what I read the mirror drive needs to be the same size or larger than the boot drive. So I am confused why that change worked. However, I now get the error " all disks holding extents for a given volume must have the same sector size and the sector size must be valid". I believe this is because the drives are different and one has 512B and the other is the Advanced Drive that is 4KB. What the different sector sizes cause both problems? If I got the same disks would both issues go away?

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• Debian software raid 1: boot from both disk

  - by bsreekanth

  I newly installed debian squeeze with software raid.The way I did was, as also given in this thread. I have 2 HDD with 500 GB each. For each of them, I created 3 partitions (/boot, / and swap) I selected the hard drive and created a new partition table I created a new partition that was 1GB. I then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /boot and enabled bootable. Created another partition, which is of 480 GB, and then specified to use the partition as a Physical Volume for RAID. and used for /. Created another partion and used for swap Then RAID configuration: Through Configure RAID menu - create MD device - (2 for the number of drives, 0 for spare devices) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD0. I selected /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 (for /boot) Next select the partitions you want to be members of /dev/MD1. I selected /dev/sda6 and /dev/sdb6 (for /) And no RAID for swap partitions 'Finish Partitioning and write changes to disk' -- Finish the rest of the install like normal Everything is ok now, except I am not sure how to test my raid config. When I pull the power of the HDD, it only boots from one disk. I read in some forum that I may have to install GRUB manually on the other. In Debian Squeeze, there is no grub command. Not sure how to make my software raid bootable from both disk. Also, please comment on my steps above. Anything unusual. I configured /boot partitions of both disks to be boot=yes. Not sure whether that is ok. Thanks, Bsr

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• HP Pavillion DV6500 recovery disk failure

  - by Scott W

  I recently attempted to re-install Windows Vista on an HP Pavillion DV6500 using the factory recovery DVD's, but encountered a strange problem. When the recovery disk attempted to reformat the hard disk, it failed at 22%. The error message provided was not very informative, just the error code "0x400110020000 1005". A google search turned up some people with a similar problem who asserted that HP has been know to ship corrupted recovery DVDs. The recovery disk did manage to reformat the the recovery partition before failing though, so recovering from the partition is no longer an option. It would be possible to reinstall from an off-the-shelf retail copy of Vista and then pull the drivers from HP's website, but I don't have access to a copy of Vista, and it would really be outrageous to have to purchase a new OS when I have a perfectly valid license already. Thought about biting the bullet and upgrading to Windows 7, but my understanding is that without Vista installed I'd be unable to use the upgrade version, and be forced to purchase the more expensive non-upgrade retail copy (!). Can anyone suggest a possible solution to this Catch-22? I've run out of ideas.

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• High disk I/O - jbd2/sda2-8 process

  - by Evan Hamlet

  I have run a file server on a CentOS 5.8 final server. My only concern at the moment is what appears to be intermittent but continuous high disk I/O activity causing a general slowdown because of jbd2/sda2-8 process. jbd2/sda2-8 is making use of /dev/sda2, which is the 2nd partition of the first harddrive (IE: root partition). More info: using "iotop" the culprit appears to be "jbd2/sda1-8" making writes every second, which appears to be a kernel process associated with journaling on the ext4 filesystem, if my googling around is correct. I see "jbd2/sda2-8" appearing here every now and then, but certainly not every 3 seconds.. when idle, it appears about 1 or 2 times per minute. When I'm using the system, it appears more frequently. ATOP results: http://grabilla.com/02b14-8022db2e-4eb9-4f10-8e10-d65c49ad7530.png IOTOP results: http://grabilla.com/02b14-cf74b25d-4063-4447-9210-7d1b9b70e25b.png HTOP results: grabilla. com/02b14-ad8cad0e-89b0-46d3-849d-4fd515c1e690.png jbd2/sda2-8 is the processes I see with iotop making writes on disk even though it's not in use at all. Does someone has any idea how could I solve the high disk usage caused jbd2/sda2-8 process?

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• Windows XP Setup Fails to Recognize USB Floppy after formatting AHCI disk

  - by Strahn

  I am attempting to install Windows XP Professional x64 onto a HP EliteBook 8540w. I have downloaded both the latest Intel Rapid Storage Technology drivers and the Intel Storage Matrix drivers that are listed on HPs website and copied the drivers over to a floppy disk (two separate floppies, one for each version of the drivers.) Booting to my WinXP Pro x64 install CD, I go through the F6 process, load the driver and am able to see my HDD, delete, create and format partitions on it. When I go to continue the install, after checking the disk, the system asks me to enter the disk labeled "Intel Rapid Storage Technology" and press enter to continue. Nothing happens at this point when I press enter. This happens if I use the latest drivers or the older drivers. We have created a slipstreamed install CD using nLite that has the AHCI drivers integrated, which installs fine. However, we have identified a number of issues with the system that I believe are side-effects of using nLite for the slipstreaming and I am attempting to verify that. I have researched this issue and found a few examples of others having the same problem, but no solution. The USB floppy is a Lacie branded floppy, connecting it to a working XP workstation shows it to be the Y-E Data USB floppy drive that is supposedly 100% compatible with XP per MS KB 916196.

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• How to export SQL Server data from corrupted database (with disk write error)

  - by damitamit

  IT realised there was a disk write error on our production SQL Server 2005 and hence was causing the backups to fail. By the time they had realised this the nightly backup was old, so were not able to just restore the backup on another server. The database is still running and being used constantly. However DBCC CheckDB fails. Also the SQL Server backup task fails, Copy Database fails, Export Data Wizard fails. However it seems all the data can be read from the tables (i.e using bcp etc) Another observation I have made is that the Transaction Log is nearly double the size of the Database. (Does that mean all the changes arent being written to the MDF?) What would be the best plan of attack to get the database to a state where backups are working and the data is safe? Take the database offline and use the MDF/LDF to somehow create the database on another sql server? Export the data from the database using bcp. Create the database (use the Generate Scripts function on the corrupt db to create the schema on the new db) on another sql server and use bcp again to import the data. Some other option that is the right course of action in this situation? The IT manager says the data is safe as if the server fails, the data can be restored from the mdf/ldf. I'm not sure so insisted that we start exporting the data each night as a failsafe (using bcp for example). IT are also having issues on the hardware side of things as supposedly the disk error in on a virtualized disk and can't be rebuilt like a normal raid array (or something like that). Please excuse my use of incorrect terminology and incorrect assumptions on how Sql Server operates. I'm the application developer and have been called to help (as it seems IT know less about SQL Server than I do). Many Thanks, Amit

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• HP Pavillion DV6500 recovery disk failure

  - by Scott W

  I recently attempted to re-install Windows Vista on an HP Pavillion DV6500 using the factory recovery DVD's, but encountered a strange problem. When the recovery disk attempted to reformat the hard disk, it failed at 22%. The error message provided was not very informative, just the error code "0x400110020000 1005". A google search turned up some people with a similar problem who asserted that HP has been know to ship corrupted recovery DVDs. The recovery disk did manage to reformat the the recovery partition before failing though, so recovering from the partition is no longer an option. It would be possible to reinstall from an off-the-shelf retail copy of Vista and then pull the drivers from HP's website, but I don't have access to a copy of Vista, and it would really be outrageous to have to purchase a new OS when I have a perfectly valid license already. Thought about biting the bullet and upgrading to Windows 7, but my understanding is that without Vista installed I'd be unable to use the upgrade version, and be forced to purchase the more expensive non-upgrade retail copy (!). Can anyone suggest a possible solution to this Catch-22? I've run out of ideas.

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• RHEL Java Application returns "No space left on device" but only 3% used

  - by FiveO

  My Java Application returns following Exception when saving a new file in /opt/wso2 on a CentOS 6.4: Caused by java.io.FileNotFoundException: ... (No space left on device) Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /opt/wso2/FrameworkFiles/trk_2014062500042488825_TRCK_PatfallHospis_pFromHospis_66601fb3-a03c-4149-93c3-6892e0a10fea.txt (No space left on device) at java.io.FileOutputStream.open(Native Method) at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:212) at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:99) at com.avintis.esb.framework.adapter.wso2.FrameworkAdapterWSO2.sendMessages(FrameworkAdapterWSO2.java:634) ... 23 more But when I run df -a I can see that the partition still has plenty of space available: [root@stzsi466 wso2]# df -a Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_stzsi466-lv_root 12054824 2116092 9326380 19% / proc 0 0 0 - /proc sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts tmpfs 4030764 0 4030764 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 495844 53858 416386 12% /boot /dev/sdb1 51605436 1424288 47559744 3% /opt/wso2 none 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc [root@stzsi466 ~]# df -i Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_stzsi466-lv_root 765536 45181 720355 6% / tmpfs 1007691 1 1007690 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 128016 44 127972 1% /boot /dev/sdb1 3276800 6137 3270663 1% /opt/wso2 What is the problem here? Is it caused by the Java on CentOS 6.4? I have another server running Redhat REHL 6.4 and all works fine - same Java etc. Does anyone know of this problem?

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• Linux - preventing an application from failing due to lack of disk space [migrated]

  - by Jernej

  Due to an unpredicted scenario I am currently in need of finding a solution to the fact that an application (which I do not wish to kill) is slowly hogging the entire disk space. To give more context I have an application in Python that uses multiprocessing.Pool to start 5 threads. Each thread writes some data to its own file. The program is running on Linux and I do not have root access to the machine. The program is CPU intensive and has been running for months. It still has a few days to write all the data. 40% of the data in the files is redundant and can be removed after a quick test. The system on which the program is running only has 30GB of remaining disk space and at the current rate of work it will surely be hogged before the program finishes. Given the above points I see the following solutions with respective problems Given that the process number i is writing to file_i, is it safe to move file_i to an external location? Will the OS simply create a new instance of file_i and write to it? I assume moving the file would remove it and the process would end up writing to a "dead" file? Is there a "command line" way to stop 4 of the 5 spawned workers and wait until one of them finishes and then resume their work? (I am sure one single worker thread would avoid hogging the disk) Suppose I use CTRL+Z to freeze the main process. Will this stop all the other processes spawned by multiprocessing.Pool? If yes, can I then safely edit the files as to remove the redundant lines? Given the three options that I see, would any of them work in this context? If not, is there a better way to handle this problem? I would really like to avoid the scenario in which the program crashes just few days before its finish.

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• Zpool disk failure - Where am I at?

  - by JT.WK

  After checking the status of one of my zpools today, I was faced with the following: root@server: zpool status -v myPool pool: myPool state: ONLINE status: One or more devices has experienced an unrecoverable error. An attempt was made to correct the error. Applications are unaffected. action: Determine if the device needs to be replaced, and clear the errors using 'zpool clear' or replace the device with 'zpool replace'. see: http://www.sun.com/msg/ZFS-8000-9P scrub: resilver completed after 3h6m with 0 errors on Tue Sep 28 11:15:11 2010 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM myPool ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t7d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t8d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 spare ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t9d0 ONLINE 54 0 0 c6t36d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t10d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t11d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t12d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 spares c6t36d0 INUSE currently in use c6t37d0 AVAIL c6t38d0 AVAIL errors: No known data errors From what I can see, c6t9d0 has encountered 54 write errors. It seems as though it has automatically resilvered with the spare disk c6t36d0, which is now currently in use. My question is, where exactly am I at? Yes the 'action' tells me to determine whether or not the disk needs replacing, but is this disk currently still in use? Can I replace / remove it? Any explanation would be much appreciated as I'm quite new to this stuff :) update: After following the advice from C10k Consulting, ie detaching: zpool detach myPool c6t9d0 and adding as a spare: zpool add myPool spare c6t9d0 It appears as though all is well. The new status of my zpool is: root@server: zpool status -v myPool pool: myPool state: ONLINE scrub: resilver completed after 3h6m with 0 errors on Tue Sep 28 11:15:11 2010 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM muPool ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t7d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t8d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t36d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t10d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t11d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c6t12d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 spares c6t37d0 AVAIL c6t38d0 AVAIL c6t9d0 AVAIL errors: No known data errors Thanks for your help c10k consulting :)

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• Hard Disk Not Counting Reallocated Sectors

  - by MetaNova

  I have a drive that is reporting that the current pending sectors is "45". I have used badblocks to identify the sectors and I have been trying to write zeros to them with dd. From what I understand, when I attempt writing data directly to the bad sectors, it should trigger a reallocation, reducing current pending sectors by one and increasing the reallocated sector count. However, on this disk both Reallocated_Sector_Ct and Reallocated_Event_Count raw values are 0, and dd fails with I/O errors when I attempt to write zeros to the bad sectors. dd works fine, however, when I write to a good sector. # dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=512 count=1 seek=217152 dd: error writing ‘/dev/sdb’: Input/output error Does this mean that my drive, in some way, has no spare sectors to be used for reallocation? Is my drive just in general a terrible person? (The drive isn't actually mine, I'm helping a friend out. They might have just gotten a cheap drive or something.) In case it is relevant, here is the output of smartctl -i : Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Green (AF) Device Model: WDC WD15EARS-00Z5B1 Serial Number: WD-WMAVU3027748 LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 25998d213 Firmware Version: 80.00A80 User Capacity: 1,500,301,910,016 bytes [1.50 TB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated) SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s Local Time is: Fri Oct 18 17:47:29 2013 CDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled UPDATE: I have run shred on the disk, which has caused Current_Pending_Sector to go to zero. However, Reallocated_Sector_Ct and Reallocated_Event_Count are still zero, and dd is now able to write data to the sectors it was previously unable to. This leads me with several other questions: Why aren't the reallocations being recored by the disk? I'm assuming the reallocation took place as I can now write data directly to the sector and couldn't before. Why did shred cause reallocation and not dd? Does the fact that shred writes random data instead of just zeros make a difference?

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• Frequent freezes with constant disk activity on SSD netbook

  - by SamsLembas

  I am running Arch Linux on an HP Mini 1000 with a SSD. The machine is a little under a year old and fairly heavily used. About a month ago the machine started freezing up. During the freezes, the system is almost completely unresponsive, seemingly especially for disk-intensive tasks such as launching an application for the first time since reboot. The disk activity led is always constantly illuminated during the freezes. After somewhere between 30 sec and 3 minutes, the machine returns to normal operation. I am pretty sure that the SSD is the source or the problem. Iotop reports a disk transfer rate of 0 during the freezes, so I think it must be getting "stuck" and simply not performing any r/w during the time. I can't seem to find any information on these symptoms on the Internet, so any input on exactly what might be the cause of this would be greatly appreciated. The machine is under warranty, but I would rather not deal with HP until I actually know what is going on. Thanks.

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• VMWare Workstation 8 Disk I/O & Hard Faults

  - by Scott

  I have VMWare Workstation 8 installed on a host machine with the following specs: Intel i5 2500k CPU 16GB DDR3 1600 ram 1TB Western Digital Caviar Black HD I have two Windows 7 virtual machines configured (currently running one at a time but will be operating both at once when my 32GB RAM kit arrives in a couple days). Each one is configured with 8GB of RAM and no tweaks/performance customizations or anything done. All of the VMWare settings are the defaults. When I boot into these machines and run various programs (Visual Studio, Outlook, etc), I can hear the disk thrashing quite a bit and checking Resource Monitor, I can see that I'm getting anywhere between 300-800 hard faults per second. From the host machine, it shows they're coming from the VMWare image. If I go to the virtual machine, whatever app I'm currently loading is the image that's causing the hard faults. As I understand it, hard faults are (simply) when an address in memory has been swapped out to the page file and has to be read from the page file instead of from memory. I don't understand why this is happening though. With 8GB of ram on the guest machine and 6.5GB available, what could be causing this? I know Windows 7 supposedly improved on page file management over XP but it seems excessive for this kind of slowdown, disk thrashing and high hard fault count when I have that much free RAM. Is there anything I can to to improve the performance in my guest machines? On the host machine, I can open/run any applications at all and hard faults stays around 0 with low disk I/O.

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• dd on entire disk, but do not want empty portion

  - by Jonathan Henson

  I have a disk, say /dev/sda. Here is fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0000e4b5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 27 209920 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 27 525 4000768 5 Extended Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda5 27 353 2621440 83 Linux /dev/sda6 353 405 416768 83 Linux /dev/sda7 405 490 675840 83 Linux /dev/sda8 490 525 282624 83 Linux I need to make an image to store on our file server for use in flashing other devices we are manufacturing so I only want the used space (only about 4gb). I want to keep the mbr etc... as this device should be boot ready as soon as the copy is finished. Any ideas? I previously had been using dd if=/dev/sda of=[//fileserver/file], but at that time, my master copy was on a 4gb flash ide.

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• Can not mount my USB disk-- Ubuntu nor windows[dmesg including]

  - by EthanZ6174

  first, here is my dmesn|tail result right after i plugged the disk: $ dmesg | tail [ 2578.697224] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access HP v100w PMAP PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS [ 2578.698322] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [ 2578.916464] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 3921920 512-byte logical blocks: (2.00 GB/1.87 GiB) [ 2578.916950] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 2578.916956] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 23 00 00 00 [ 2578.916961] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 2578.922460] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 2578.922470] sdb: [ 2578.969570] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 2578.969578] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk there is nothing after 'sdb:' ... at the meantime, the lsusb shows: $ lsusb Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 002 Device 004: ID 03f0:3207 Hewlett-Packard Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 006 Device 002: ID 045e:0737 Microsoft Corp. Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub so... can anyone help me? what's wrong with my USB disk? THX

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• Windows disk change monitoring for malware analysis

  - by SuperDuck

  Not sure if this question belongs to here, because it has some relations with 'serverfault' (system backups) and 'stackoverflow' (software analysis). I'm looking for a solution to monitor disk changes on a Windows system and selectively revert them. It should be able to handle live files like registry parts, so may need to be an offline backup software. It shouldn't silently pass over files which the current admin user doesn't have permissions on (files with no permission entries or owned by the 'system' user) Registry change tracking would be a bonus but is not a requirement I use virtual machines for malware analysis, there is even no solution to list file changes in disk snapshot files (delta VMDK). I currently use Ashampoo for monitoring changes. Though it's the best one between similars, it's not a good software and hasn't really evolved in many 'platinum', 'deluxe' versions released in the last 10 years (it even used non-resizable windows until the latest version). The real problem is it misses some disk / registry changes. Perhaps it only compares modification dates and doesn't catch a change if the dates are preserved. So, I think the solution should compare files using hashes, or file sizes at least. There are numerous backup software out there and I'm sure one can handle this, offline or online.

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• Ubuntu+Win7--disk error press any key to restart

  - by Siddharth

  Apparently,none of the solutions in any other posts and forums worked for me For some reasons I decided to remove ubuntu from my hard disk drive. My partition table(presently): (/dev/sda1) (fat32) 900 MiB ---(MBR,I suppose) (/dev/sda2) (ntfs) 70 GiB -----(Windows 7) (/dev/sda3) (ntfs) 314.88 GiB --(Personal File storage) (/dev/sda4) (ext4) 80 GiB -----(Ubuntu 13.04) (unallocated) -----1.31 MiB So,after moving(cut-paste) everything(for backup) from the fat32 partition using win7..I booted into Ubuntu and copied the remaining 3 files(hidden in Win7 file explorer) --bootmgr,bootsect.bak,and one more which I do not remember.TERRIBLE MISTAKE After this I again booted into Windows and deleted ext4 partition..formatted it to ntfs..and shut down the pc.Then,I put in a Win7 bootable USB..using command prompt I entered bootrec /fixmbr,and bootrec /fixboot.. Restarting showed me the GRUB..choosing windows 7 showed me "Disk Error. Press any key to restart." I also installed a fresh Win7 installation on the 80 GiB partition expecting a Windows Legacy Bootloader with two win7 options..but did not work. Then..I used a Ubuntu LiveUSB to put it back to the present configuration(above) since all methods to restore the MBR failed.. I copied back the fat32 partitions backup files but couldn't copy those 3 files.Somehow ,they had been recreated and were non-replaceable. I do not want to format the win7 partition for a fresh one. I have used boot-repair..Restore MBR option brings back to "Disk error...." without even going through grub..so I reinstalled grub and I'm able to boot into Ubuntu. grub menu shows the win7 option as "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)". paste.ubuntu.com/5753710 paste.ubuntu.com/5775999

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• Extending partition on linux gparted but not more space in the vm

  - by Asken

  I have a vm test installation of a linux running a build server. Unfortunately I just pressed ok when adding the disk and ended up with an 8gb drive to play with. Well into the test the builds are consuming more and more space, of course. The vm drive was resized to 21gb and using gparted I expanded the drive partitions and that all worked fine but when I go back into the console and do df there's still only 8gb available. How can I claim the other 13gb I added? fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.0 GB, 20971520000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2549 cylinders, total 40960000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006d284 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 40959999 20229121 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 40959999 20229120 8e Linux LVM vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ct System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.29 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 4938 Alloc PE / Size 1977 / 7.72 GiB Free PE / Size 2961 / 11.57 GiB VG UUID MwiMAz-52e1-iGVf-eL4f-P5lq-FvRA-L73Sl3 lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/ct/root VG Name ct LV UUID Rfk9fh-kqdM-q7t5-ml6i-EjE8-nMtU-usBF0m LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 5.73 GiB Current LE 1466 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/ct/swap_1 VG Name ct LV UUID BLFaa6-1f5T-4MM0-5goV-1aur-nzl9-sNLXIs LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 2.00 GiB Current LE 511 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:1

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• Windows 7 PC freezes frequently with hard disk light constantly on

  - by Senthil

  I recently replaced a defective hard disk with a new one - Windows 7 - "A disk read error occured. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del to restart" I have been using the new hard disk with a Windows 7 installation for about 4 days. Now it has started freezing frequently. Sometimes every 2 minutes and sometimes every 10 seconds. There is lots of software installed - I am a developer and my PC is full of IDEs, database servers, web servers, developer tools, testing tools, all browsers etc.. My windows is up to date as of now. I have installed ALL updates including optional drivers etc. All my installed software is up to date. I scanned my computer using Microsoft Security Essentials and found nothing malicious. I did a chkdsk /r and found no problems. I did a memory diagnostic and found no problems. When I go into safe mode, it doesn't freeze and I am able to use it normally for longer periods of time. What other steps can I take to locate the problem?

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• Computer will not boot - disk read error - cannot boot from HD or DVD

  - by Grant Palin

  This is a 3 year-old system: HP a1640n. There have been no issues with it in the past. I added a video card 2 years ago, and more memory 1 year ago, both without issues. There haven't been any recent hardware changes. I did install Win7 in Oct., but there were no issues with that either. I used the computer fine two nights ago, and turned it off. Yesterday, I tried to turn it on, and got the error: "A Disk Read Error Occurred. Press CTRL ALT DEL to restart" So I restart, see the initial start screen (HP) and enter the BIOS. The hard drive and dvd drive appear to be listed, but the names are gibberish text. I tried putting a Windows disk in the dvd drive, and continued with the boot, but the disk did not get recognized. Even though the BIOS was set to check for optical media before the hard drive. Back to the error screen. If the computer would boot from a cd or dvd, I would just figure the hard drive needed replacing. But both being problematic worries me. Is this a matter of replacing both the hard drive and dvd drive, or might it be an indication of a bigger problem? Thanks for any advice.

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