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  • How to convert a lambda to an std::function using templates

    - by retep998
    Basically, what I want to be able to do is take a lambda with any number of any type of parameters and convert it to an std::function. I've tried the following and neither method works. std::function([](){});//Complains that std::function is missing template parameters template <typename T> void foo(function<T> f){} foo([](){});//Complains that it cannot find a matching candidate The following code does work however, but it is not what I want because it requires explicitly stating the template parameters which does not work for generic code. std::function<void()>([](){}); I've been mucking around with functions and templates all evening and I just can't figure this out, so any help would be much appreciated. As mentioned in a comment, the reason I'm trying to do this is because I'm trying to implement currying in C++ using variadic templates. Unfortunately, this fails horribly when using lambdas. For example, I can pass a standard function using a function pointer. template <typename R, typename...A> void foo(R (*f)(A...)) {} void bar() {} int main() { foo(bar); } However, I can't figure out how to pass a lambda to such a variadic function. Why I'm interested in converting a generic lambda into an std::function is because I can do the following, but it ends up requiring that I explicitly state the template parameters to std::function which is what I am trying to avoid. template <typename R, typename...A> void foo(std::function<R(A...)>) {} int main() { foo(std::function<void()>([](){})); }

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  • C++ Macro Arithmetric

    - by anon
    I have to do with Macros (it's macros calling macros; so templates are out of the question). Here's what I want: foo(3, a, b1, c1) --> foo1(a, b1, c1); foo(5, a, b1, c1, b2, c2) -> foo2(a, b1, c1, b2, c2); foo(7, a, b1, c1, b2, c2, b3, c3) -> foo3(a, b1, c1, b2, c2, b3, c3); So basically, what I want is to be able to execute the "function" n - (n-1)/2 at macro expansion time. Is this possible? Thanks! [PS, if you dislike my questions; I support your right to downvote; my worst question so far is only -17, so maybe we can break that record; however, please let me know why my question is technically invalid.] Thanks EDIT: Foo takes a variable # of arguments, of the form: foo(N, a1, b1, a2, b2, ... a_N, b_N) -> foo##N(a1, b1, a2, b2, ... a_N, b_N);

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  • java: assigning object reference IDs for custom serialization

    - by Jason S
    For various reasons I have a custom serialization where I am dumping some fairly simple objects to a data file. There are maybe 5-10 classes, and the object graphs that result are acyclic and pretty simple (each serialized object has 1 or 2 references to another that are serialized). For example: class Foo { final private long id; public Foo(long id, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Bar { final private long id; final private Foo foo; public Bar(long id, Foo foo, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Baz { final private long id; final private List<Bar> barList; public Baz(long id, List<Bar> barList, /* other stuff */) { ... } } The id field is just for the serialization, so that when I am serializing to a file, I can write objects by keeping a record of which IDs have been serialized so far, then for each object checking whether its child objects have been serialized and writing the ones that haven't, finally writing the object itself by writing its data fields and the IDs corresponding to its child objects. What's puzzling me is how to assign id's. I thought about it, and it seems like there are three cases for assigning an ID: dynamically-created objects -- id is assigned from a counter that increments reading objects from disk -- id is assigned from the number stored in the disk file singleton objects -- object is created prior to any dynamically-created object, to represent a singleton object that is always present. How can I handle these properly? I feel like I'm reinventing the wheel and there must be a well-established technique for handling all the cases.

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  • Criteria for triggering garbage collection in .Net

    - by Kennet Belenky
    I've come across some curious behavior with regard to garbage collection in .Net. The following program will throw an OutOfMemoryException very quickly (after less than a second on a 32-bit, 2GB machine). The Foo finalizer is never called. class Foo { static Dictionary<Guid, WeakReference> allFoos = new Dictionary<Guid, WeakReference>(); Guid guid = Guid.NewGuid(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1000000]; static Random rand = new Random(); public Foo() { // Uncomment the following line and the program will run forever. // rand.NextBytes(buffer); allFoos[guid] = new WeakReference(this); } ~Foo() { allFoos.Remove(guid); } static public void Main(string args[]) { for (; ; ) { new Foo(); } } } If the rand.nextBytes line is uncommented, it will run ad infinitum, and the Foo finalizer is regularly invoked. Why is that? My best guess is that in the former case, either the CLR or the Windows VMM is lazy about allocating physical memory. The buffer never gets written to, so the physical memory is never used. When the address space runs out, the system crashes. In the latter case, the system runs out of physical memory before it runs out of address space, the GC is triggered and the objects are collected. However, here's the part I don't get. Assuming my theory is correct, why doesn't the GC trigger when the address space runs low? If my theory is incorrect, then what's the real explanation?

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  • how to create an object using self?

    - by Nick
    I thought I understood the use of self while referring to anything in the current class. After encountering this warning and subsequent run failure, I have googled many variants of "define self" or "usage of self" and gotten nowhere. This problem is how to create an object without the warning, and understand why. #import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h> @interface Foo : NSObject { Foo *obj; } -(void)beta; @end #import "Foo.h" @implementation Foo -(void)beta{ obj = [self new]; // 'Foo' may not respond to '-new' } @end Note, if I substitute Foo for self, there's no problem. I thought the class name and self were equivalent, but obviously the compiler doesn't think so. Perhaps an explanation of what's wrong here will not only solve my problem but also enlighten my understanding of the usage of self. Are there any tutorials about proper usage of self? I couldn't find anything beyond something like "self is the receiver of the message," which I didn't help me at all.

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  • Loading specific files from arbitrary directories?

    - by Haydn V. Harach
    I want to load foo.txt. foo.txt might exist in the data/bar/ directory, or it might exist in the data/New Folder/ directory. There might be a different foo.txt in both of these directories, in which case I would want to either load one and ignore the other according to some order that I've sorted the directories by (perhaps manually, perhaps by date of creation), or else load them both and combine the results somehow. The latter (combining the results of both/all foo.txt files) is circumstantial and beyond the scope of this question, but something I want to be able to do in the future. I'm using SDL and boost::filesystem. I want to keep my list of dependencies as small as possible, and as cross-platform as possible. I'm guessing that my best bet would be to get a list of every directory (within the data/ folder), sort/filter this list, then when I go to load foo.txt, I search for it in each potential directory? This sounds like it would be very inefficient, if I have dozens of potential directories to search through every time. What's the best way to go about accomplishing this? Bonus: What if I want some of the directories to be archives? ie. considering both data/foo/ and data/bar.zip to both be valid, and pull foobar.txt from either one without caring.

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  • SQL: find entries in 1:n relation that don't comply with condition spanning multiple rows

    - by milianw
    I'm trying to optimize SQL queries in Akonadi and came across the following problem that is apparently not easy to solve with SQL, at least for me: Assume the following table structure (should work in SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL): CREATE TABLE a ( a_id INT PRIMARY KEY ); INSERT INTO a (a_id) VALUES (1), (2), (3), (4); CREATE TABLE b ( b_id INT PRIMARY KEY, a_id INT, name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL ); INSERT INTO b (b_id, a_id, name) VALUES (1, 1, 'foo'), (2, 1, 'bar'), (3, 1, 'asdf'), (4, 2, 'foo'), (5, 2, 'bar'), (6, 3, 'foo'); Now my problem is to find entries in a that are missing name entries in table b. E.g. I need to make sure each entry in a has at least the name entries "foo" and "bar" in table b. Hence the query should return something similar to: a_id = 3 is missing name "bar" a_id = 4 is missing name "foo" and "bar" Since both tables are potentially huge in Akonadi, performance is of utmost importance. One solution in MySQL would be: SELECT a.a_id, CONCAT('|', GROUP_CONCAT(name ORDER BY NAME ASC SEPARATOR '|'), '|') as names FROM a LEFT JOIN b USING( a_id ) GROUP BY a.a_id HAVING names IS NULL OR names NOT LIKE '%|bar|foo|%'; I have yet to measure the performance tomorrow, but severly doubt it's any fast for tens of thousand of entries in a and thrice as many in b. Furthermore we want to support SQLite and PostgreSQL where to my knowledge the GROUP_CONCAT function is not available. Thanks, good night.

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  • Coding the R-ight way - avoiding the for loop

    - by mropa
    I am going through one of my .R files and by cleaning it up a little bit I am trying to get more familiar with writing the code the r-ight way. As a beginner, one of my favorite starting points is to get rid of the for() loops and try to transform the expression into a functional programming form. So here is the scenario: I am assembling a bunch of data.frames into a list for later usage. dataList <- list (dataA, dataB, dataC, dataD, dataE ) Now I like to take a look at each data.frame's column names and substitute certain character strings. Eg I like to substitute each "foo" and "bar" with "baz". At the moment I am getting the job done with a for() loop which looks a bit awkward. colnames(dataList[[1]]) [1] "foo" "code" "lp15" "bar" "lh15" colnames(dataList[[2]]) [1] "a" "code" "lp50" "ls50" "foo" matchVec <- c("foo", "bar") for (i in seq(dataList)) { for (j in seq(matchVec)) { colnames (dataList[[i]])[grep(pattern=matchVec[j], x=colnames (dataList[[i]]))] <- c("baz") } } Since I am working here with a list I thought about the lapply function. My attempts handling the job with the lapply function all seem to look alright but only at first sight. If I write f <- function(i, xList) { gsub(pattern=c("foo"), replacement=c("baz"), x=colnames(xList[[i]])) } lapply(seq(dataList), f, xList=dataList) the last line prints out almost what I am looking for. However, if i take another look at the actual names of the data.frames in dataList: lapply (dataList, colnames) I see that no changes have been made to the initial character strings. So how can I rewrite the for() loop and transform it into a functional programming form? And how do I substitute both strings, "foo" and "bar", in an efficient way? Since the gsub() function takes as its pattern argument only a character vector of length one.

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  • innerText/textContent vs. retrieving each text node

    - by J-P
    I've heard that using el.innerText||el.textContent can yield unreliable results, and that's why I've always insisted on using the following function in the past: function getText(node) { if (node.nodeType === 3) { return node.data; } var txt = ''; if (node = node.firstChild) do { txt += getText(node); } while (node = node.nextSibling); return txt; } This function goes through all nodes within an element and gathers the text of all text nodes, and text within descendants: E.g. <div id="x">foo <em>foo...</em> foo</div> Result: getText(document.getElementById('x')); // => "foo foo... foo" I'm quite sure there are issues with using innerText and textContent, but I've not been able to find a definitive list anywhere and I am starting to wonder if it's just hearsay. Can anyone offer any information about the possibly lacking reliability of textContent/innerText? EDIT: Found this great answer by Kangax -- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1359469/innertext-works-in-ie-but-not-in-firefox/1359822#1359822

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  • Assign a static function to a variable in PHP

    - by Felipe Almeida
    I would like to assign a static function to a variable so that I can send it around as a parameter. For example: class Foo{ private static function privateStaticFunction($arg1,$arg2){ //compute stuff on the args } public static function publicStaticFunction($foo,$bar){ //works $var = function(){ //do stuff }; //also works $var = function($someArg,$someArg2){ //do stuff }; //Fatal error: Undefined class constant 'privateStaticFunction' $var = self::privateStaticMethod; //same error $var = Foo::privateStaticFunction; //compiles, but errors when I try to run $var() somewhere else, as expected //Fatal error: Call to private method Foo::privateStaticMethod() from context '' $var = function(){ return Foo::privateStaticMethod(); }; } } I've tried a few more variations but none of them worked. I don't even expect this sort of functional hacking to work with PHP but hey, who knows? Is it possible to do that in PHP or will I need to come up with some hack using eval? P.S.: LawnGnome on ##php mentioned something about it being possible to do what I want using array('Foo','privateStaticMethod') but I didn't understand what he meant and I didn't press him further as he looked busy.

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  • How to know the type of an object in a list?

    - by nacho4d
    Hi, I want to know the type of object (or type) I have in my list so I wrote this: void **list; //list of references list = new void * [2]; Foo foo = Foo(); const char *not_table [] = {"tf", "ft", 0 }; list[0] = &foo; list[1] = not_table; if (dynamic_cast<LogicProcessor*>(list[0])) { //ERROR here ;( printf("Foo was found\n"); } if (dynamic_cast<char*> (list[0])) { //ERROR here ;( printf("char was found\n"); } but I get : error: cannot dynamic_cast '* list' (of type 'void*') to type 'class Foo*' (source is not a pointer to class) error: cannot dynamic_cast '* list' (of type 'void*') to type 'char*' (target is not pointer or reference to class) Why is this? what I am doing wrong here? Is dynamic_cast what I should use here? Thanks in advance EDIT: I know above code is much like plain C and surely sucks from the C++ point of view but is just I have the following situation and I was trying something before really implementing it: I have two arrays of length n but both arrays will never have an object at the same index. Hence, or I have array1[i]!=NULL or array2[i]!=NULL. This is obviously a waste of memory so I thought everything would be solved if I could have both kind of objects in a single array of length n. I am looking something like Cocoa's (Objective-C) NSArray where you don't care about the type of the object to be put in. Not knowing the type of the object is not a problem since you can use other method to get the class of a certain later. Is there something like it in c++ (preferably not third party C++ libraries) ? Thanks in advance ;)

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  • "render as JSON" is display JSON as text instead of returning it to AJAX call as expected

    - by typoknig
    I'm navigating to the index action of MyController. Some of the on the index page I'm making an AJAX call back to myAction in MyController. I expect myAction action to return some data as JSON to my AJAX call so I can do something with the data client side, but instead of returning the data as JSON like I want, the data is being displayed as text. Example of my Grails controller: class MyController { def index() { render( view: "myView" ) } def myAction { def mapOfStuff = [ "foo": "foo", "bar":] render mapOfStuff as JSON } } Example of my JavaScript: $( function() { function callMyAction() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'json', url: base_url + '/myController/myAction', success: function( data ) { $(function() { if( data.foo ) { alert( data.foo ); } if( data.bar ) { alert( data.bar ); } }); } }); } }); What I expect is that my page will render, then my JavaScript will be called, then two alerts will display. Instead the JSON array is displayed as text in my browser window: {"foo":"foo","bar":"bar"} At this point the last segment of the URL in my address bar is myAction and not index. Now if I manually enter the URL of the index page and press refresh, all works as expected. I have half a dozen AJAX calls I do the exact same way and none of them are having problems. What is the deal here? UPDATE: I have noticed something. When I set a break point in the index action of MyController and another one in the myAction action, the break point in myAction gets hit BEFORE the break point in index, even though I am navigating to the index. This is obviously closer to the root cause of my problem, but why is it happening?

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  • Change $mailTo variable based on select input value (array)

    - by Dirty Bird Design
    I have the following select list: <form action="mail.php" method="POST"> <select name="foo" id="foo"> <option value="sales">Sales</option> <option value="salesAssist">Sales Assist</option> <option value="billing">Billing</option> <option value="billingAssist">Billing Assist</option> </select> </form> I need to route the $mailTo variable depending on which option they select, Sales and Sales Assist go to [email protected], while Billing and Billing Assist go to [email protected] PHP pseudeo code! <? php $_POST['foo'] if inArray(sales, salesAssist) foo="[email protected]"; else if inArray(billing, billingAssist) foo="[email protected]"; mailTo="foo" ?> I know there is nothing correct about the above, but you can see what I am trying to do, change a variable's value based on the selected value. I don't want to do this with JS, would rather learn more PHP here. Thank you.

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  • Assigning address to array from heap

    - by Schaltfehler
    I want to save the state of my structs as a binary file and load them again. My structs look like this: typedef struct { uint8_t pointerLength; uint8_t *pointer; uint8_t NumBla; uinT16 Bla[MAX_NUM_Bla]; ... } BAR_STRUCT, *BAR; typedef struct { int numBar; BAR bars[MAX_NUM_BAR]; } FOO_STRUCT, *FOO; Saving is no problem, but restoring the state. Iam at the point where the bytestring from the file is on the heap and a pointer is pointing to the first adress of this string. And I do as follows: const void* dataPointer //points to adress in heap unsigned char* bytePointer = (unsigned char*)dataPointer; FOO foo = (FOO_STRUCT*)bytePointer; bytePointer += sizeof(FOO_STRUCT); for (int i=0; i < MAX_NUM_BAR; i++) { foo->bars[i] = (BAR_STRUCT*)bytePointer; } The last assignment doesn't work and I get an EXC_BAD_ACCESS. Because bars is an array of pointers i need to correct the adresses of each element is pointing to. Because they are not valid anymore. So I try to assign the adress of the object I saved in the bytesteam to foo-bars[i]; But I can not change foo-bars[i] at all. Accessing works but but assigning a new adress doesn't. I wonder why.

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  • How can I set up Friendly URL to Nginx?

    - by MKK
    I'm trying to use dokuwiki with its Friendly URL on Nginx. The problem that I'm facing is, it doesn' show correct path to any link(even stylesheet, and images) on every page It looks that paths are missing wiki/ part. If I click on the image and show its destination, it shows this url http://foo-sample.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/logo.png But it has to be this below. http://foo-sample.com/wiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/logo.png and login URL is not working either. If I click on login link, it takes me to http://foo-sample.com/wiki/start?do=login&sectok=ff7d4a68936033ed398a8b82ac9 and it says 404 Not Found I took a look at this https://www.dokuwiki.org/rewrite#nginx and tried as much as possible. However it still doesn't work. Here's my conf files. How can I fix this problem? dokuwiki is set in /usr/share/wiki /etc/nginx/conf.d/rails.conf upstream sample { ip_hash; server unix:/var/run/unicorn/unicorn_foo-sample.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen 80; server_name foo-sample.com; root /var/www/html/foo-sample/public; location /wiki { alias /usr/share/wiki; index doku.php; } location ~ ^/wiki.+\.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index doku.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^/wiki(.+\.php)(.*)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/wiki$fastcgi_script_name; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } } /usr/share/wiki/.htaccess ## Enable this to restrict editing to logged in users only ## You should disable Indexes and MultiViews either here or in the ## global config. Symlinks maybe needed for URL rewriting. #Options -Indexes -MultiViews +FollowSymLinks ## make sure nobody gets the htaccess files <Files ~ "^[\._]ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </Files> # Uncomment these rules if you want to have nice URLs using # $conf['userewrite'] = 1 - not needed for rewrite mode 2 # Not all installations will require the following line. If you do, # change "/dokuwiki" to the path to your dokuwiki directory relative # to your document root. # If you enable DokuWikis XML-RPC interface, you should consider to # restrict access to it over HTTPS only! Uncomment the following two # rules if your server setup allows HTTPS. RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on RewriteRule ^lib/exe/xmlrpc.php$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301] <IfModule mod_geoip.c> GeoIPEnable On Order deny,allow deny from all SetEnvIf GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE JP AllowCountry Allow from .googlebot.com Allow from .yahoo.net Allow from .msn.com Allow from env=AllowCountry </IfModule>

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  • How to write comments to explain the "why" behind the callback function when the function and parameter names are insufficient for that?

    - by snowmantw
    How should I approach writing comments for callback functions? I want to explain the "why" behind the function when the function and parameter names are insufficient to explain what's going on. I have always wonder why comments like this can be so ordinary in documents of libraries in dynamic languages: /** * cb: callback // where's the arguments & effects? */ func foo( cb ) Maybe the common attitude is "you can look into source code on your own after all" which pushes people into leaving minimalist comments like this. But it seems like there should be a better way to comment callback functions. I've tried to comment callbacks in Haskell way: /** * cb: Int -> Char */ func foo(cb) And to be fair, it's usually neat enough. But it gets into trouble when I need to pass some complex structure. The problem being partly due to the lack of type system: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } // too long... */ func foo(cb) Or I have tried this too: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), * success: () -> Char } // better ? */ func bar(cb) The problem is that you may put the structure in somewhere else, but you must give it a name to reference it. But then when you name a structure you're about to use immediately looks so redundant: // Somewhere else... // ResultCallback: { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } /** * cb: Int -> ResultCallback // better ?? */ func foo(cb) And it bothers me if I follow the Java-doc like commenting style since it still seems incomplete. The comments don't tell you anything that you couldn't immediately see from looking at the function. /** * @param cb {Function} yeah, it's a function, but you told me nothing about it... * @param err {Function} where should I put this callback's argument ?? * Not to mention the err's own arguments... */ func foo(cb) These examples are JavaScript like with generic functions and parameter names, but I've encountered similar problems in other dynamic languages which allow complex callbacks.

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  • The term "interface" in C++

    - by Flexo
    Java makes a clear distinction between class and interface. (I believe C# does also, but I have no experience with it). When writing C++ however there is no language enforced distinction between class and interface. Consequently I've always viewed interface as a workaround for the lack of multiple inheritance in Java. Making such a distinction feels arbitrary and meaningless in C++. I've always tended to go with the "write things in the most obvious way" approach, so if in C++ I've got what might be called an interface in Java, e.g.: class Foo { public: virtual void doStuff() = 0; ~Foo() = 0; }; and I then decided that most implementers of Foo wanted to share some common functionality I would probably write: class Foo { public: virtual void doStuff() = 0; ~Foo() {} protected: // If it needs this to do its thing: int internalHelperThing(int); // Or if it doesn't need the this pointer: static int someOtherHelper(int); }; Which then makes this not an interface in the Java sense anymore. Instead C++ has two important concepts, related to the same underlying inheritance problem: virtual inhertiance Classes with no member variables can occupy no extra space when used as a base "Base class subobjects may have zero size" Reference Of those I try to avoid #1 wherever possible - it's rare to encounter a scenario where that genuinely is the "cleanest" design. #2 is however a subtle, but important difference between my understanding of the term "interface" and the C++ language features. As a result of this I currently (almost) never refer to things as "interfaces" in C++ and talk in terms of base classes and their sizes. I would say that in the context of C++ "interface" is a misnomer. It has come to my attention though that not many people make such a distinction. Do I stand to lose anything by allowing (e.g. protected) non-virtual functions to exist within an "interface" in C++? (My feeling is the exactly the opposite - a more natural location for shared code) Is the term "interface" meaningful in C++ - does it imply only pure virtual or would it be fair to call C++ classes with no member variables an interface still?

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  • Do functional generics exist and what is the correct name for them if they do?

    - by voroninp
    Consider the following generic class: public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Here EntityType unambiguously defines TEntityKeyType. So it would be nice to have some kind of types' map: public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> with map < [ EntityType : Person -> TEntityKeyType : int] [ EntityType : Car -> TEntityKeyType : CarIdType ]> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Another one example is: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} } The reasonable question: how can this be interpreted by the compiler? Well, for me it is just the shortcut for two structurally similar classes: public sealed class Foo<Person> { string Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... double PropN {get;set;} } public sealed class Foo<Car> { int Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... Price PropN {get;set;} } But besides this we could imaging some update of the Foo<>: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} public override string ToString() { return string.Format("prop1={0}, prop2={1},...propN={N-1}, Prop1, Prop2,...,PropN); } } This all can seem quite superficial but the idea came when I was designing the messages for our system. The very first class. Many messages with the same structure should be discriminated by the EntityType. So the question is whether such construct exists in any programming language?

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  • Do functional generics exist or what is the correct name for them if they do?

    - by voroninp
    Consider the following generic class public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Here EntityType unambiguously defines TEntityKeyType. So it would be nice to have some kind of types' map public class EntityChangeInfo<EntityType,TEntityKey> with map < [ EntityType : Person -> TEntityKeyType : int] [ EntityType : Car -> TEntityKeyType : CarIdType ]> { ChangeTypeEnum ChangeType {get;} TEntityKeyType EntityKey {get;} } Another one example is: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} } The reasonable question how this can be interpreted by the compiler? Well, for me it is just the sortcut for two structurally similar classes: public sealed class Foo<Person> { string Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... double PropN {get;set;} } public sealed class Foo<Car> { int Prop1 {get;set;} int Prop2 {get;set;} ... Price PropN {get;set;} } But besides this we could imaging some update of the Foo<: public class Foo<TIn> with map < [TIn : Person -> TOut1 : string, TOut2 : int, ..., TOutN : double ] [TIn : Car -> TOut1 : int, TOut2 :int, ..., TOutN : Price ] > { TOut1 Prop1 {get;set;} TOut2 Prop2 {get;set;} ... TOutN PropN {get;set;} public override string ToString() { return string.Format("prop1={0}, prop2={1},...propN={N-1}, Prop1, Prop2,...,PropN); } } This all can seem quite superficial but the idea came when I was designing the messages for our system. The very first class. Many messages with the same structrue should be discriminated by the EntityType. So the question is whether such construct exist in any programming language?

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  • DatagridView loses current edit on Background update

    - by yoni.s
    Here's my problem : I have a DataGridView bound to a BindingList of custom objects. A background thread is constantly updating a value of these objects. The udpates are showing correctly, and everything is fine except for one thing - If you try to edit a different field while the background-updated field is being updated, it loses the entered value. Here is a code sample that demonstrates this behavior: (for new form, drop a new DataGridView on:) using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Threading; namespace WindowsFormsApplication2 { public partial class Form1 : Form { private BindingList<foo> flist; private Thread thrd; private BindingSource b; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); flist = new BindingList<foo> { new foo(){a =1,b = 1, c=1}, new foo(){a =1,b = 1, c=1}, new foo(){a =1,b = 1, c=1}, new foo(){a =1,b = 1, c=1} }; b = new BindingSource(); b.DataSource = flist; dataGridView1.DataSource = b; thrd = new Thread(new ThreadStart(updPRoc)); thrd.Start(); } private void upd() { flist.ToList().ForEach(f=>f.c++); } private void updPRoc() { while (true) { this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(upd)); Thread.Sleep(1000); } } } public class foo:INotifyPropertyChanged { private int _c; public int a { get; set; } public int b { get; set; } public int c { get {return _c;} set { _c = value; if (PropertyChanged!= null) PropertyChanged(this,new PropertyChangedEventArgs("c")); } } #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; #endregion } } So, you edit column a or b, you will see that the column c update causes you to lose your entry. Any thoughts appreciated.

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  • SBT run differences between scala and java?

    - by Eric Cartner
    I'm trying to follow the log4j2 configuration tutorials in a SBT 0.12.1 project. Here is my build.sbt: name := "Logging Test" version := "0.0" scalaVersion := "2.9.2" libraryDependencies ++= Seq( "org.apache.logging.log4j" % "log4j-api" % "2.0-beta3", "org.apache.logging.log4j" % "log4j-core" % "2.0-beta3" ) When I run the main() defined in src/main/scala/logtest/Foo.scala: package logtest import org.apache.logging.log4j.{Logger, LogManager} object Foo { private val logger = LogManager.getLogger(getClass()) def main(args: Array[String]) { logger.trace("Entering application.") val bar = new Bar() if (!bar.doIt()) logger.error("Didn't do it.") logger.trace("Exiting application.") } } I get the output I was expecting given that src/main/resources/log4j2.xml sets the root logging level to trace: [info] Running logtest.Foo 08:39:55.627 [run-main] TRACE logtest.Foo$ - Entering application. 08:39:55.630 [run-main] TRACE logtest.Bar - entry 08:39:55.630 [run-main] ERROR logtest.Bar - Did it again! 08:39:55.630 [run-main] TRACE logtest.Bar - exit with (false) 08:39:55.630 [run-main] ERROR logtest.Foo$ - Didn't do it. 08:39:55.630 [run-main] TRACE logtest.Foo$ - Exiting application. However, when I run the main() defined in src/main/java/logtest/LoggerTest.java: package logtest; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; public class LoggerTest { private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(LoggerTest.class.getName()); public static void main(String[] args) { logger.trace("Entering application."); Bar bar = new Bar(); if (!bar.doIt()) logger.error("Didn't do it."); logger.trace("Exiting application."); } } I get the output: [info] Running logtest.LoggerTest ERROR StatusLogger Unable to locate a logging implementation, using SimpleLogger ERROR Bar Did it again! ERROR LoggerTest Didn't do it. From what I can tell, ERROR StatusLogger Unable to ... is usually a sign that log4j-core is not on my classpath. The lack of TRACE messages seems to indicate that my log4j2.xml settings aren't on the classpath either. Why should there be any difference in classpath if I'm running Foo.main versus LoggerTest.main? Or is there something else causing this behavior? Update I used SBT Assembly to build a fat jar of this project and specified logtest.LoggerTest to be the main class. Running it from the command line produced correct results: Eric-Cartners-iMac:target ecartner$ java -jar "Logging Test-assembly-0.0.jar" 10:52:23.220 [main] TRACE logtest.LoggerTest - Entering application. 10:52:23.221 [main] TRACE logtest.Bar - entry 10:52:23.221 [main] ERROR logtest.Bar - Did it again! 10:52:23.221 [main] TRACE logtest.Bar - exit with (false) 10:52:23.221 [main] ERROR logtest.LoggerTest - Didn't do it. 10:52:23.221 [main] TRACE logtest.LoggerTest - Exiting application.

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  • c# interop with ghostscript

    - by yodaj007
    I'm trying to access some Ghostscript functions like so: [DllImport(@"C:\Program Files\GPLGS\gsdll32.dll", EntryPoint = "gsapi_revision")] public static extern int Foo(gsapi_revision_t x, int len); public struct gsapi_revision_t { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string product; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } public static void Main() { gsapi_revision_t foo = new gsapi_revision_t(); Foo(foo, Marshal.SizeOf(foo)); This corresponds with these definitions from the iapi.h header from ghostscript: typedef struct gsapi_revision_s { const char *product; const char *copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } gsapi_revision_t; GSDLLEXPORT int GSDLLAPI gsapi_revision(gsapi_revision_t *pr, int len); But my code is reading nothing into the string fields. If I add 'ref' to the function, it reads gibberish. However, the following code reads in the data just fine: public struct gsapi_revision_t { IntPtr product; IntPtr copyright; long revision; long revisiondate; } public static void Main() { gsapi_revision_t foo = new gsapi_revision_t(); IntPtr x = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(20); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) Marshal.WriteInt32(x, i, 0); int result = Foo(x, 20); IntPtr productNamePtr = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(x); IntPtr copyrightPtr = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(x, 4); long revision = Marshal.ReadInt64(x, 8); long revisionDate = Marshal.ReadInt64(x, 12); byte[] dest = new byte[1000]; Marshal.Copy(productNamePtr, dest, 0, 1000); string name = Read(productNamePtr); string copyright = Read(copyrightPtr); } public static string Read(IntPtr p) { List<byte> bits = new List<byte>(); int i = 0; while (true) { byte b = Marshal.ReadByte(new IntPtr(p.ToInt64() + i)); if (b == 0) break; bits.Add(b); i++; } return Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bits.ToArray()); } So what am I doing wrong with marshaling?

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  • WPF binding behaviour different when bound property is declared as interface vs class type?

    - by Jay
    This started with weird behaviour that I thought was tied to my implementation of ToString(), and I asked this question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2916068/why-wont-wpf-databindings-show-text-when-tostring-has-a-collaborating-object It turns out to have nothing to do with collaborators and is reproducible. When I bind Label.Content to a property of the DataContext that is declared as an interface type, ToString() is called on the runtime object and the label displays the result. When I bind TextBlock.Text to the same property, ToString() is never called and nothing is displayed. But, if I change the declared property to a concrete implementation of the interface, it works as expected. Is this somehow by design? If so, any idea why? To reproduce: Create a new WPF Application (.NET 3.5 SP1) Add the following classes: public interface IFoo { string foo_part1 { get; set; } string foo_part2 { get; set; } } public class Foo : IFoo { public string foo_part1 { get; set; } public string foo_part2 { get; set; } public override string ToString() { return foo_part1 + " - " + foo_part2; } } public class Bar { public IFoo foo { get { return new Foo {foo_part1 = "first", foo_part2 = "second"}; } } } Set the XAML of Window1 to: <Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300"> <StackPanel> <Label Content="{Binding foo, Mode=Default}"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding foo, Mode=Default}"/> </StackPanel> </Window> in Window1.xaml.cs: public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { InitializeComponent(); DataContext = new Bar(); } } When you run this application, you'll see the text only once (at the top, in the label). If you change the type of foo property on Bar class to Foo (instead of IFoo) and run the application again, you'll see the text in both controls.

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  • Why no switch on pointers?

    - by meeselet
    For instance: #include <stdio.h> void why_cant_we_switch_him(void *ptr) { switch (ptr) { case NULL: printf("NULL!\n"); break; default: printf("%p!\n", ptr); break; } } int main(void) { void *foo = "toast"; why_cant_we_switch_him(foo); return 0; } gcc test.c -o test test.c: In function 'why_cant_we_switch_him': test.c:5: error: switch quantity not an integer test.c:6: error: pointers are not permitted as case values Just curious. Is this a technical limitation? EDIT People seem to think there is only one constant pointer expression. Is that is really true, though? For instance, here is a common paradigm in Objective-C (it is really only C aside from NSString, id and nil, which are merely a pointers, so it is still relevant — I just wanted to point out that there is, in fact, a common use for it, despite this being only a technical question): #include <stdio.h> #include <Foundation/Foundation.h> static NSString * const kMyConstantObject = @"Foo"; void why_cant_we_switch_him(id ptr) { switch (ptr) { case kMyConstantObject: // (Note that we are comparing pointers, not string values.) printf("We found him!\n"); break; case nil: printf("He appears to be nil (or NULL, whichever you prefer).\n"); break; default: printf("%p!\n", ptr); break; } } int main(void) { NSString *foo = @"toast"; why_cant_we_switch_him(foo); foo = kMyConstantObject; why_cant_we_switch_him(foo); return 0; } gcc test.c -o test -framework Foundation test.c: In function 'why_cant_we_switch_him': test.c:5: error: switch quantity not an integer test.c:6: error: pointers are not permitted as case values It appears that the reason is that switch only allows integral values (as the compiler warning said). So I suppose a better question would be to ask why this is the case? (though it is probably too late now.)

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  • What is the best practice for adding persistence to an MVC model?

    - by etheros
    I'm in the process of implementing an ultra-light MVC framework in PHP. It seems to be a common opinion that the loading of data from a database, file etc. should be independent of the Model, and I agree. What I'm unsure of is the best way to link this "data layer" into MVC. Datastore interacts with Model //controller public function update() { $model = $this->loadModel('foo'); $data = $this->loadDataStore('foo', $model); $data->loadBar(9); //loads data and populates Model $model->setBar('bar'); $data->save(); //reads data from Model and saves } Controller mediates between Model and Datastore Seems a bit verbose and requires the model to know that a datastore exists. //controller public function update() { $model = $this->loadModel('foo'); $data = $this->loadDataStore('foo'); $model->setDataStore($data); $model->getDataStore->loadBar(9); //loads data and populates Model $model->setBar('bar'); $model->getDataStore->save(); //reads data from Model and saves } Datastore extends Model What happens if we want to save a Model extending a database datastore to a flatfile datastore? //controller public function update() { $model = $this->loadHybrid('foo'); //get_class == Datastore_Database $model->loadBar(9); //loads data and populates $model->setBar('bar'); $model->save(); //saves } Model extends datastore This allows for Model portability, but it seems wrong to extend like this. Further, the datastore cannot make use of any of the Model's methods. //controller extends model public function update() { $model = $this->loadHybrid('foo'); //get_class == Model $model->loadBar(9); //loads data and populates $model->setBar('bar'); $model->save(); //saves } EDIT: Model communicates with DAO //model public function __construct($dao) { $this->dao = $dao; } //model public function setBar($bar) { //a bunch of business logic goes here $this->dao->setBar($bar); } //controller public function update() { $model = $this->loadModel('foo'); $model->setBar('baz'); $model->save(); } Any input on the "best" option - or alternative - is most appreciated.

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