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  • Rails: validate presence of parent_id in has_many association

    - by deb
    I have a projects resource that has many tasks. I want to ensure that every task has a project_id by adding validates_presence_of :project_id to the tasks model. However, when creating a new project with tasks, the project_id won't be available until the record saves, therefore I can't use validates_presence_of :project_id. So my question is, how do I validate presence of project_id in the task model? I want to ensure every task has a parent. ... class Project < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :tasks, :dependent => :destroy accepts_nested_attributes_for :tasks, :allow_destroy => true ... class Task < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :project validates_presence_of :project_id

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  • Django model data consistency

    - by Mark
    When creating a form, you can define a bunch of methods, clean_xyz, to make sure the data gets forced into the correct format. Is there any way to do this on a model level? Perhaps I can override the field setters somehow? I want it so that if I write something like my_address.postal_code = 'a1b2c3' It will automatically get formatted into A1B 2C3. Perhaps throw an exception if it can't be converted. That way I know I'll never have any malformed data in the database.

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  • Django get() query not working

    - by pimcoooooooo
    this_category = Category.objects.get(name=cat_name) gives error: get() takes exactly 2 non-keyword arguments (1 given) I am using the appengine helper, so maybe that is causing problems. Category is my model. Category.objects.all() works fine. Filter is also similarily not working. Thanks,

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  • How do I collect a bunch of Django abstract models in a QuerySet?

    - by Thierry Lam
    I have the following abstract Django models: class Food(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) class Meta: abstract = True In one of my view, I created a bunch of Food model: panino = Food(name='Panino') poutine = Food(name='Poutine') food = [panino, poutine] From the above, I'm not saving the model and storing the Food model in a regular Python list. I want to store the above food models in a QuerySet object. How can I do that without storing any data to the database?

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  • How many tiers should my models have in a DB driven web app?

    - by Hanno Fietz
    In my experience, the "Model" in MVC is often not really a single layer. I would regularly have "backend" models and "frontend" models, where the backend ones would have properties that I want to hide from the UI code, and the frontend ones have derived or composite properties which are more meaningful in the context of the UI. Recently, I have started to introduce a third layer in between when database normalization created tables that did not really match the conceptual domain objects anymore. In those projects I have model classes that are equivalent with the DB structure, these become components of objects that represent the domain model, and finally these are filtered and amended for displaying information to the user. Are there patterns or guidelines for how, when and why to organize the data model across application layers?

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  • best way of rendering more 3D models in three.js that not slow down page?

    - by GDevLearner
    I am in the way of creating a 3D web game using threeJS library. This is a multi-player game that players are 3D human models in game, and I need to add a human 3D model for each player that enters the game. Additionally, I want to animate the humans while they walking, but the problem, here is that adding a 3D model and animating that for each player will slow down the game or maybe cause the browser to crash. question: what is the better way of showing and animating the player's models that will not slow down the game?

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  • [Django] Change state of obiects

    - by gameboy
    hi I have following problem. I have model: class Towar(models.Model): nrSeryjny=models.CharField(max_length=100) opis=models.CharField(max_length=255) naStanie=models.NullBooleanField(null=True) def __unicode__(self): return "%s" % self.opis def lowerName(self): return self.__class__.__name__.lower() def checkState(self): return self.naStanie def changeState(self,state): self.naStanie=state class Meta: ordering=['nrSeryjny'] app_label = 'baza' permissions=(("view_towar","mozna miec podglad dla towar"),) and model : class Wypozyczenie(models.Model): dataPobrania=models.DateField() pracownik=models.ForeignKey(User,null=True) kontrahent=models.ForeignKey(Kontrahenci,null=True) towar=models.ForeignKey(Towar,null=True) objects=WypozyczenieManager() default_objects=models.Manager() ZwrotyObjects=WypozyczenieZwrotyManager() def lowerName(self): return self.__class__.__name__.lower() def __unicode__(self): if self.towar == None: return "Dla:%s -- Kto:%s -- Kiedy:%s -- Co:%s" % (self.kontrahent,self.pracownik,self.dataPobrania,"Brak") else: return "Dla:%s -- Kto:%s -- Kiedy:%s -- Co:%s" % (self.kontrahent,self.pracownik,self.dataPobrania,self.towar) class Meta: ordering=['dataPobrania'] app_label = 'baza' permissions=(("view_wypozyczenie","mozna miec podglad dla wypozyczenie"),) and view to adding models: def modelAdd(request,model,modelForm): mod=model() if request.user.has_perm('baza.add_%s' % mod.lowerName()): if request.method=='POST': form=modelForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): form.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/'+ mod.lowerName() + '/') else: form=modelForm() v=RequestContext(request,{'form':form}) return render_to_response('add_form.html',v) and i whant do that, when i add Wypozyczenie and save it then the Towar that is stored by Wypozyczenie change his na stanie from True to False Greets

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  • ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'test_<DB>.<TABLE>' doesn't exist") when running unit test for Djang

    - by abigblackman
    I'm running a unit test using the Django framework and get this error. Running the actual code does not have this problem, running the unit tests creates a test database on the fly so I suspect the issue lies there. The code that throws the error looks like this member = Member.objects.get(email=email_address) and the model looks like class Member(models.Model): member_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True) created_on = models.DateTimeField(editable=False, default=datetime.datetime.utcnow()) flags = models.IntegerField(default=0) email = models.CharField(max_length=150, blank=True) phone = models.CharField(max_length=150, blank=True) country_iso = models.CharField(max_length=6, blank=True) location_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) facebook_uid = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) utc_offset = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True) tokens = models.CharField(max_length=3000, blank=True) class Meta: db_table = u'member' there's nothing too odd there i can see. the user running the tests has the same permissions to the database server as the user that runs the website where else can I look to see what's going wrong, why is this table not being created?

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  • Filter across three tables using Django

    - by Vanessa MacDougal
    I have 3 django models, where the first has a foreign key to the second, and the second has a foreign key to the third. Like this: class Book(models.Model): year_published = models.IntField() author = models.ForeignKey(Author) class Author(models.Model): author_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=50) agent = models.ForeignKey(LitAgent) class LitAgent(models.Model): agent_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=50) I want to ask for all the literary agents whose authors had books published in 2006, for example. How can I do this in Django? I have looked at the documentation about filters and QuerySets, and don't see an obvious way. Thanks.

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  • django modeling

    - by SledgehammerPL
    Concept: Drinks are made of components. E.g. 10ml of Vodka. In some receipt the component is very particular (10ml of Finlandia Vodka), some not (10 ml of ANY Vodka). I wonder how to model a component to solve this problem - on stock I have particular product, which can satisfy more requirements. The model for now is: class Receipt(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128) (...) components = models.ManyToManyField(Product, through='ReceiptComponent') def __unicode__(self): return self.name class ReceiptComponent(models.Model): product = models.ForeignKey(Product) receipt = models.ForeignKey(Receipt) quantity = models.FloatField(max_length=9) unit = models.ForeignKey(Unit) class Admin: pass def __unicode__(self): return unicode(self.quantity!=0 and self.quantity or '') + ' ' + unicode(self.unit) + ' ' + self.product.genitive class Product(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length = 128) (...) class Admin: pass def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Stock(Store): products = models.ManyToManyField(Product) class Admin: pass def __unicode__(self): return self.name I think about making some table which joins real product (on stock) with abstract product (receiptcomponent). But maybe there's easy solution?

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  • How can I install OpenSolaris without Graphical Environment - just text console?

    - by Sanoj
    I would like to install OpenSolaris and use it as a home-server. I will interact with it just with SSH, so I don't need the Graphical Environment. How can I install OpenSolaris without the Graphical Environment? And preferably I would like to use the SSH-interface as much as possible, is it even possible to do the installation over SSH? I tried the SSH-boot alternative on the installation-CD, then I have to use a password, but I have no password since I haven't installed the system yet.

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  • Django foreign key error

    - by Hulk
    In models the code is as, class header(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length = 255) created_by = models.CharField(max_length = 255) def __unicode__(self): return self.id() class criteria(models.Model): details = models.CharField(max_length = 255) headerid = models.ForeignKey(header) def __unicode__(self): return self.id() In views, p_l=header.objects.filter(id=rid) for rows in row_data: row_query =criteria(details=rows,headerid=p_l) row_query.save() In row_query =criteria(details=rows,headerid=p_l) there is an error saying 'long' object is not callable in models.py in __unicode__, What is wrong in the code Thanks..

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  • Django ForeignKey created empty?

    - by Scott Willman
    This seems very basic and I must be missing something, but here goes anyways... With two models like so: class School(models.Model): name = models.CharField("Official School Name", max_length=128) address = models.TextField("Address of the School", max_length=256) mascot = models.CharField("Name of the School Mascot", max_length=128) class StudentProfile(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128) school = models.ForeignKey(School) If the student gets created before the school, how do I give 'school' a default empty value? Is it blank or null or what? Thanks!

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  • Django admin: how do I add an unrelated model field to a model change/add page?

    - by NP
    I have the following models: class Foo(models.Model): field1 = models.IntegerField() ... class Bar(models.Model): field1 = models.IntegerField() ... class Foo_bar(models.Model): foo = models.ForeignKey(Foo) bar = models.ForeignKey(Bar) ... In the admin, I want it so that in the Foo change/add page, you can specify a Bar object, and on save I want to create a Foo_bar object to represent the relationship. How can I do this through customizing the Admin site/ModelAdmins? Thanks.

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  • How can I access the "through" object of a Django ManyToManyField?

    - by Macha
    I have the following models in my Django app. How can I from the Team model find all the User objects who have accepted as True in the Membership model? I know I need to use Team.objects.filter(), but I'm not sure how to check the value of the accepted field. from django.contrib.auth.models import User class Team(models.Model): members = models.ManyToManyField(User, through="Membership") class Membership(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) team = models.ForeignKey(Team) accepted = models.BooleanField(default=False)

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  • What is Agile Modeling and why do I need it?

    What is Agile Modeling and why do I need it? Agile Modeling is an add-on to existing agile methodologies like Extreme programming (XP) and Rational Unified Process (RUP). Agile Modeling enables developers to develop a customized software development process that actually meets their current development needs and is flexible enough to adjust in the future. According to Scott Ambler, Agile Modeling consists of five core values that enable this methodology to be effective and light weight Agile Modeling Core Values: Communication Simplicity Feedback Courage Humility Communication is a key component to any successful project. Open communication between stakeholder and the development team is essential when developing new applications or maintaining legacy systems. Agile models promote communication amongst software development teams and stakeholders. Furthermore, Agile Models provide a common understanding of an application for members of a software development team allowing them to have a universal common point of reference. The use of simplicity in Agile Models enables the exploration of new ideas and concepts through the use of basic diagrams instead of investing the time in writing tens or hundreds of lines of code. Feedback in regards to application development is essential. Feedback allows a development team to confirm that the development path is on track. Agile Models allow for quick feedback from shareholders because minimal to no technical expertise is required to understand basic models. Courage is important because you need to make important decisions and be able to change direction by either discarding or refactoring your work when some of your decisions prove inadequate, according to Scott Ambler. As a member of a development team, we must admit that we do not know everything even though some of us think we do. This is where humility comes in to play. Everyone is a knowledge expert in their own specific domain. If you need help with your finances then you would consult an accountant. If you have a problem or are in need of help with a topic why would someone not consult with a subject expert? An effective approach is to assume that everyone involved with your project has equal value and therefore should be treated with respect. Agile Model Characteristics: Purposeful Understandable Sufficiently Accurate Sufficiently Consistent Sufficiently Detailed Provide Positive Value Simple as Possible Just Fulfill Basic Requirements According to Scott Ambler, Agile models are the most effective possible because the time that is invested in the model is just enough effort to complete the job. Furthermore, if a model isn’t good enough yet then additional effort can be invested to get more value out of the model. However if a model is good enough, for the current needs, or surpass the current needs, then any additional work done on the model would be a waste. It is important to remember that good enough is in the eye of the beholder, so this can be tough. In order for Agile Models to work effectively Active Stakeholder need to participation in the modeling process. Finally it is also very important to model with others, this allows for additionally input ensuring that all the shareholders needs are reflected in the models. How can Agile Models be incorporated in to our projects? Agile Models can be incorporated in to our project during the requirement gathering and design phases. As requirements are gathered the models should be updated to incorporate the new project details as they are defined and updated. Additionally, the Agile Models created during the requirement phase can be the bases for the models created during the design phase.  It is important to only add to the model when the changes fit within the agile model characteristics and they do not over complicate the design.

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  • Thick models Vs. Business Logic, Where do you draw the distinction?

    - by TokenMacGuy
    Today I got into a heated debate with another developer at my organization about where and how to add methods to database mapped classes. We use sqlalchemy, and a major part of the existing code base in our database models is little more than a bag of mapped properties with a class name, a nearly mechanical translation from database tables to python objects. In the argument, my position was that that the primary value of using an ORM was that you can attach low level behaviors and algorithms to the mapped classes. Models are classes first, and secondarily persistent (they could be persistent using xml in a filesystem, you don't need to care). His view was that any behavior at all is "business logic", and necessarily belongs anywhere but in the persistent model, which are to be used for database persistence only. I certainly do think that there is a distinction between what is business logic, and should be separated, since it has some isolation from the lower level of how that gets implemented, and domain logic, which I believe is the abstraction provided by the model classes argued about in the previous paragraph, but I'm having a hard time putting my finger on what that is. I have a better sense of what might be the API (which, in our case, is HTTP "ReSTful"), in that users invoke the API with what they want to do, distinct from what they are allowed to do, and how it gets done. tl;dr: What kinds of things can or should go in a method in a mapped class when using an ORM, and what should be left out, to live in another layer of abstraction?

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  • Models, collections...and then what? Processes?

    - by Dan
    I'm a LAMP-stack dev who's been more on the JavaScript side the last few years and really enjoying the Model + Collection approach to data entities that BackboneJS, etc. uses. It's helped me organize my code in such a way that it is extremely portable, keeping all my properties and methods in the scope (model, collection, etc.) in which they apply. One thing that keeps bugging me though is how to organize the next level up, the 'process layer' as you might call it, that can potentially operate on instances of either models or collections or whatever else. Where should methods like find() (which returns a collection) and create() (which returns a model) reside? I know some people would put a create() in the Collection prototype, but while a collection operates on models I don't think it's exactly right to create them. And while a find() would return a collection I don't think it correct to have that action within the collection prototype itself (it should be a layer up). Can anyone offer some examples of any patterns that employ some kind of OOP-friendly 'process' layer? I'm sorry if this is a fairly well-known discussion but I'm afraid I can't seem to find the terminology to search for.

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  • Django m2m form appearing fields

    - by dana
    I have a classroom application,and a follow relation. Users can follow each other and can create classrooms.When a user creates a classroom, he can invite only the people that are following him. The Classroom model is a m2m to User table. i have in models. py: class Classroom(models.Model): creator = models.ForeignKey(User) classname = models.CharField(max_length=140, unique = True) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) open_class = models.BooleanField(default=True) members = models.ManyToManyField(User,related_name="list of invited members") and in models.py of the follow application: class Relations(models.Model): initiated_by = models.ForeignKey(User, editable=False) date_initiated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, editable = False) follow = models.ForeignKey(User, editable = False, related_name = "follow") date_follow = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, editable = False) and in views.py of the classroom app: def save_classroom(request, username): if request.method == 'POST': u = User.objects.get(username=username) form = ClassroomForm(request.POST, request.FILES) if form.is_valid(): new_obj = form.save(commit=False) new_obj.creator = request.user r = Relations.objects.filter(initiated_by = request.user) # new_obj.members = new_obj.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('.') else: form = ClassroomForm() return render_to_response('classroom/classroom_form.html', { 'form': form, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) i'm using a ModelForm for the classroom form, and the default view, taking in consideration my many to many relation with User table, in the field Members, is a list of all Users in my database. But i only want in that list the users that are in a follow relationship with the logged in user - the one who creates the classroom. How can i do that? Thanks!

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  • Django generic relation field reports that all() is getting unexpected keyword argument when no args

    - by Joshua
    I have a model which can be attached to to other models. class Attachable(models.Model): content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_pk = models.TextField() content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey(ct_field="content_type", fk_field="object_pk") class Meta: abstract = True class Flag(Attachable): user = models.ForeignKey(User) flag = models.SlugField() timestamp = models.DateTimeField() I'm creating a generic relationship to this model in another model. flags = generic.GenericRelation(Flag) I try to get objects from this generic relation like so: self.flags.all() This results in the following exception: >>> obj.flags.all() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 105, in all return self.get_query_set() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/contrib/contenttypes/generic.py", line 252, in get_query_set return superclass.get_query_set(self).filter(**query) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 498, in filter return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 516, in _filter_or_exclude clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs)) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1675, in add_q can_reuse=used_aliases) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1569, in add_filter negate=negate, process_extras=process_extras) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1737, in setup_joins "Choices are: %s" % (name, ", ".join(names))) FieldError: Cannot resolve keyword 'object_id' into field. Choices are: content_type, flag, id, nestablecomment, object_pk, timestamp, user >>> obj.flags.all(object_pk=obj.pk) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: all() got an unexpected keyword argument 'object_pk' What have I done wrong?

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  • Select those objects whose related objects IDs are *all* in given string

    - by Jannis
    Hi Django people, I want to build a frontend to a recipe database which enables the user to search for a list of recipes which are cookable with the ingredients the user supplies. I have the following models class Ingredient(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True) slug = models.SlugField(max_length=100, unique=True) importancy = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=4) […] class Amount(models.Model): recipe = models.ForeignKey('Recipe') ingredient = models.ForeignKey(Ingredient) […] class Rezept(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) slug = models.SlugField() instructions = models.TextField() ingredients = models.ManyToManyField(Ingredient, through=Amount) […] and a rawquery which does exactly what I want: It gets all the recipes whose required ingredients are all contained in the list of strings that the user supplies. If he supplies more than necessary, it's fine too. query = "SELECT *, COUNT(amount.zutat_id) AS selected_count_ingredients, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM amount WHERE amount.recipe_id = amount.id) AS count_ingredients FROM amount LEFT OUTER JOIN amount ON (recipe.id = recipe.recipe_id) WHERE amount.ingredient_id IN (%s) GROUP BY amount.id HAVING count_ingredient=selected_count_ingredient" % ",".join([str(ingredient.id) for ingredient in ingredients]) rezepte = Rezept.objects.raw(query) Now, what I'm looking for is a way that does not rely on .raw() as I would like to do it purely with Django's queryset methods. Additionally, it would be awesome if you guys knew a way of including the ingredient's importancy in the lookup so that a recipe is still shown as a result even though one of its ingredients (that has an importancy of 0) is not supplied by the user.

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