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• Self referencing a table

  - by mue

  Hello, so I'm new to NHibernate and have a problem. Perhaps somebody can help me here. Given a User-class with many, many properties: public class User { public virtual Int64 Id { get; private set; } public virtual string Firstname { get; set; } public virtual string Lastname { get; set; } public virtual string Username { get; set; } public virtual string Email { get; set; } ... public virtual string Comment { get; set; } public virtual UserInfo LastModifiedBy { get; set; } } Here some DDL for the table: CREATE TABLE USERS ( "ID" BIGINT NOT NULL , "FIRSTNAME" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL , "LASTNAME" VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL , "USERNAME" VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL , "EMAIL" VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL , ... "LASTMODIFIEDBY" BIGINT NOT NULL , ) IN "USERSPACE1" ; Database-table-field 'LASTMODIFIEDBY' holds for auditing purposes the Id from the User who is acting in case of inserts or updates. This would normally be an admin. Because the UI shall display not this Int64 but admins name (pattern like 'Lastname, Firstname') I need to retrieve these values by self referencing table USERS to itself. Next is, that a whole object of type User would be overkill by the amount of unwanted fields. So there is a class UserInfo with much smaller footprint. public class UserInfo { public Int64 Id { get; set; } public string Firstname { get; set; } public string Lastname { get; set; } public string FullnameReverse { get { return string.Format("{0}, {1}", Lastname ?? string.Empty, Firstname ?? string.Empty); } } } So here starts the problem. Actually I have no clue how to accomplish this task. Im not sure if I also must provide a mapping for class UserInfo and not only for class User. I'd like to integrate class UserInfo as Composite-element within the mapping for User-class. But I dont no how to define the mapping between USERS.ID and USERS.LASTMODIFIEDBY table-fields. Hopefully I decribes my problem clear enough to get some hints. Thanks alot!

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• How to trace a function array argument in DTrace

  - by uejio

  I still use dtrace just about every day in my job and found that I had to print an argument to a function which was an array of strings.  The array was variable length up to about 10 items.  I'm not sure if the is the right way to do it, but it seems to work and is not too painful if the array size is small.Here's an example.  Suppose in your application, you have the following function, where n is number of item in the array s.void arraytest(int n, char **s){    /* Loop thru s[0] to s[n-1] */}How do you use DTrace to print out the values of s[i] or of s[0] to s[n-1]?  DTrace does not have if-then blocks or for loops, so you can't do something like:    for i=0; i<arg0; i++        trace arg1[i]; It turns out that you can use probe ordering as a kind of iterator. Probes with the same name will fire in the order that they appear in the script, so I can save the value of "n" in the first probe and then use it as part of the predicate of the next probe to determine if the other probe should fire or not.  So the first probe for tracing the arraytest function is:pid$target::arraytest:entry{    self->n = arg0;}Then, if I want to print out the first few items of the array, I first check the value of n.  If it's greater than the index that I want to print out, then I can print that index.  For example, if I want to print out the 3rd element of the array, I would do something like:pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 2/{    printf("%s",stringof(arg1 + 2 * sizeof(pointer)));}Actually, that doesn't quite work because arg1 is a pointer to an array of pointers and needs to be copied twice from the user process space to the kernel space (which is where dtrace is). Also, the sizeof(char *) is 8, but for some reason, I have to use 4 which is the sizeof(uint32_t). (I still don't know how that works.)  So, the script that prints the 3rd element of the array should look like:pid$target::arraytest:entry{    /* first, save the size of the array so that we don't get            invalid address errors when indexing arg1+n. */    self->n = arg0;}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 2/{    /* print the 3rd element (index = 2) of the second arg. */    i = 2;    size = 4;    self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);    printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));}If your array is large, then it's quite painful since you have to write one probe for every array index.  For example, here's the full script for printing the first 5 elements of the array:#!/usr/sbin/dtrace -spid$target::arraytest:entry{        /* first, save the size of the array so that we don't get           invalid address errors when indexing arg1+n. */        self->n = arg0;}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 0/{        i = 0;        size = sizeof(uint32_t);        self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);        printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 1/{        i = 1;        size = sizeof(uint32_t);        self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);        printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 2/{        i = 2;        size = sizeof(uint32_t);        self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);        printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 3/{        i = 3;        size = sizeof(uint32_t);        self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);        printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));}pid$target::arraytest:entry/self->n > 4/{        i = 4;        size = sizeof(uint32_t);        self->a_t = copyin(arg1+size*i,size);        printf("%s: a[%d]=%s",probefunc,i,copyinstr(*(uint32_t *)self->a_t));} If the array is large, then your script will also have to be very long to print out all values of the array.

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• Self-updating collection concurrency issues

  - by DEHAAS

  I am trying to build a self-updating collection. Each item in the collection has a position (x,y). When the position is changed, an event is fired, and the collection will relocate the item. Internally the collection is using a “jagged dictionary”. The outer dictionary uses the x-coordinate a key, while the nested dictionary uses the y-coordinate a key. The nested dictionary then has a list of items as value. The collection also maintains a dictionary to store the items position as stored in the nested dictionaries – item to stored location lookup. I am having some trouble making the collection thread safe, which I really need. Source code for the collection: public class PositionCollection<TItem, TCoordinate> : ICollection<TItem> where TItem : IPositionable<TCoordinate> where TCoordinate : struct, IConvertible { private readonly object itemsLock = new object(); private readonly Dictionary<TCoordinate, Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>> items; private readonly Dictionary<TItem, Vector<TCoordinate>> storedPositionLookup; public PositionCollection() { this.items = new Dictionary<TCoordinate, Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>>(); this.storedPositionLookup = new Dictionary<TItem, Vector<TCoordinate>>(); } public void Add(TItem item) { if (item.Position == null) { throw new ArgumentException("Item must have a valid position."); } lock (this.itemsLock) { if (!this.items.ContainsKey(item.Position.X)) { this.items.Add(item.Position.X, new Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>>()); } Dictionary<TCoordinate, List<TItem>> xRow = this.items[item.Position.X]; if (!xRow.ContainsKey(item.Position.Y)) { xRow.Add(item.Position.Y, new List<TItem>()); } xRow[item.Position.Y].Add(item); if (this.storedPositionLookup.ContainsKey(item)) { this.storedPositionLookup[item] = new Vector<TCoordinate>(item.Position); } else { this.storedPositionLookup.Add(item, new Vector<TCoordinate>(item.Position)); // Store a copy of the original position } item.Position.PropertyChanged += (object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs eventArgs) => this.UpdatePosition(item, eventArgs.PropertyName); } } private void UpdatePosition(TItem item, string propertyName) { lock (this.itemsLock) { Vector<TCoordinate> storedPosition = this.storedPositionLookup[item]; this.RemoveAt(storedPosition, item); this.storedPositionLookup.Remove(item); } } } I have written a simple unit test to check for concurrency issues: [TestMethod] public void TestThreadedPositionChange() { PositionCollection<Crate, int> collection = new PositionCollection<Crate, int>(); Crate crate = new Crate(new Vector<int>(5, 5)); collection.Add(crate); Parallel.For(0, 100, new Action<int>((i) => crate.Position.X += 1)); Crate same = collection[105, 5].First(); Assert.AreEqual(crate, same); } The actual stored position varies every time I run the test. I appreciate any feedback you may have.

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• Which programming idiom to choose for this open source library?

  - by Walkman

  I have an interesting question about which programming idiom is easier to use for beginner developers writing concrete file parsing classes. I'm developing an open source library, which one of the main functionality is to parse plain text files and get structured information from them. All of the files contains the same kind of information, but can be in different formats like XML, plain text (each of them is structured differently), etc. There are a common set of information pieces which is the same in all (e.g. player names, table names, some id numbers) There are formats which are very similar to each other, so it's possible to define a common Base class for them to facilitate concrete format parser implementations. So I can clearly define base classes like SplittablePlainTextFormat, XMLFormat, SeparateSummaryFormat, etc. Each of them hints the kind of structure they aim to parse. All of the concrete classes should have the same information pieces, no matter what. To be useful at all, this library needs to define at least 30-40 of these parsers. A couple of them are more important than others (obviously the more popular formats). Now my question is, which is the best programming idiom to choose to facilitate the development of these concrete classes? Let me explain: I think imperative programming is easy to follow even for beginners, because the flow is fixed, the statements just come one after another. Right now, I have this: class SplittableBaseFormat: def parse(self): "Parses the body of the hand history, but first parse header if not yet parsed." if not self.header_parsed: self.parse_header() self._parse_table() self._parse_players() self._parse_button() self._parse_hero() self._parse_preflop() self._parse_street('flop') self._parse_street('turn') self._parse_street('river') self._parse_showdown() self._parse_pot() self._parse_board() self._parse_winners() self._parse_extra() self.parsed = True So the concrete parser need to define these methods in order in any way they want. Easy to follow, but takes longer to implement each individual concrete parser. So what about declarative? In this case Base classes (like SplittableFormat and XMLFormat) would do the heavy lifting based on regex and line/node number declarations in the concrete class, and concrete classes have no code at all, just line numbers and regexes, maybe other kind of rules. Like this: class SplittableFormat: def parse_table(): "Parses TABLE_REGEX and get information" # set attributes here def parse_players(): "parses PLAYER_REGEX and get information" # set attributes here class SpecificFormat1(SplittableFormat): TABLE_REGEX = re.compile('^(?P<table_name>.*) other info \d* etc') TABLE_LINE = 1 PLAYER_REGEX = re.compile('^Player \d: (?P<player_name>.*) has (.*) in chips.') PLAYER_LINE = 16 class SpecificFormat2(SplittableFormat): TABLE_REGEX = re.compile(r'^Tournament #(\d*) (?P<table_name>.*) other info2 \d* etc') TABLE_LINE = 2 PLAYER_REGEX = re.compile(r'^Seat \d: (?P<player_name>.*) has a stack of (\d*)') PLAYER_LINE = 14 So if I want to make it possible for non-developers to write these classes the way to go seems to be the declarative way, however, I'm almost certain I can't eliminate the declarations of regexes, which clearly needs (senior :D) programmers, so should I care about this at all? Do you think it matters to choose one over another or doesn't matter at all? Maybe if somebody wants to work on this project, they will, if not, no matter which idiom I choose. Can I "convert" non-programmers to help developing these? What are your observations? Other considerations: Imperative will allow any kind of work; there is a simple flow, which they can follow but inside that, they can do whatever they want. It would be harder to force a common interface with imperative because of this arbitrary implementations. Declarative will be much more rigid, which is a bad thing, because formats might change over time without any notice. Declarative will be harder for me to develop and takes longer time. Imperative is already ready to release. I hope a nice discussion will happen in this thread about programming idioms regarding which to use when, which is better for open source projects with different scenarios, which is better for wide range of developer skills. TL; DR: Parsing different file formats (plain text, XML) They contains same kind of information Target audience: non-developers, beginners Regex probably cannot be avoided 30-40 concrete parser classes needed Facilitate coding these concrete classes Which idiom is better?

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• Ubuntu + Wacom Intuos 4 + MyPaint HELP!

  - by Sativa

  Please keep in mind I'm not that computer savvy, but I will try any suggestion so please help me out! My tablet will stop working if the USB connection is ever broken, or the Ubuntu software is being updated. Sometimes it will stop working for no reason that I can see. The lights will still be on, but it won't be responsive. It doesn't work again until I restart the laptop with the tablet plugged in, which is grating if you have to do it every 25 min. or so... I'm not sure if the issue is with the port, the tablet/cable or the driver but any suggestions would be very welcome! Also, MyPaint is frequently having hiccups. It seems to save fine but at times it will randomly close down and when I open files they're often empty. They turn into 0Kb files and only contain a single empty layer. Also very grating, considering I lose days of work for no clear reason and without any heads up. Again, I'm not sure if the issue is with the port, the tablet/cable or the driver but any suggestions would be very welcome! The error message reads; Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/mypaint/gui/application.py", line 177, at_application_start(*junk=()) else: self.filehandler.open_file(fn) variables: {'fn': ('local', u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora'), 'self.filehandler.open_file': ('local', <bound method FileHandler.wrapper of <gui.filehandling.FileHandler object at 0x7fdb89063a10>>)} File "/usr/share/mypaint/gui/drawwindow.py", line 60, wrapper(self=<gui.filehandling.FileHandler object>, *args=(u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora',), **kwargs={}) try: func(self, *args, **kwargs) # gtk main loop may be called in here... variables: {'self': ('local', <gui.filehandling.FileHandler object at 0x7fdb89063a10>), 'args': ('local', (u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora',)), 'func': ('local', <function open_file at 0x7fdb8b397b90>), 'kwargs': ('local', {})} File "/usr/share/mypaint/gui/filehandling.py", line 231, open_file(self=<gui.filehandling.FileHandler object>, filename=u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora') try: self.doc.model.load(filename, feedback_cb=self.gtk_main_tick) except document.SaveLoadError, e: variables: {'self.doc.model.load': ('local', <bound method Document.load of <lib.document.Document instance at 0x7fdb8ab4f8c0>>), 'feedback_cb': (None, []), 'self.gtk_main_tick': ('local', <function gtk_main_tick at 0x7fdb8b397b18>), 'filename': ('local', u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora')} File "/usr/share/mypaint/lib/document.py", line 544, load(self=<lib.document.Document instance>, filename=u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora', **kwargs={'feedback_cb': <function gtk_main_tick>}) try: load(filename, **kwargs) except gobject.GError, e: variables: {'load': ('local', <bound method Document.load_ora of <lib.document.Document instance at 0x7fdb8ab4f8c0>>), 'kwargs': ('local', {'feedback_cb': <function gtk_main_tick at 0x7fdb8b397b18>}), 'filename': ('local', u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora')} File "/usr/share/mypaint/lib/document.py", line 772, load_ora(self=<lib.document.Document instance>, filename=u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora', feedback_cb=<function gtk_main_tick>) tempdir = tempdir.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) z = zipfile.ZipFile(filename) print 'mimetype:', z.read('mimetype').strip() variables: {'zipfile.ZipFile': ('global', <class 'zipfile.ZipFile'>), 'z': (None, []), 'filename': ('local', u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora')} File "/usr/lib/python2.7/zipfile.py", line 770, __init__(self=<zipfile.ZipFile object>, file=u'/home/maria/Desktop/Drawings/WIPs/Sativa Chibi.ora', mode='r', compression=0, allowZip64=False) if key == 'r': self._RealGetContents() elif key == 'w': variables: {'self._RealGetContents': ('local', <bound method ZipFile._RealGetContents of <zipfile.ZipFile object at 0x7fdb9b952790>>)} File "/usr/lib/python2.7/zipfile.py", line 811, _RealGetContents(self=<zipfile.ZipFile object>) if not endrec: raise BadZipfile, "File is not a zip file" if self.debug > 1: variables: {'BadZipfile': ('global', <class 'zipfile.BadZipfile'>)} BadZipfile: File is not a zip file

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• when i set property(retain), one "self" = one "retain"?

  - by Walter

  although I'm about to finish my first app, I'm still confused about the very basic memory management..I've read through many posts here and apple document, but I'm still puzzled.. For example..I'm currently doing things like this to add a label programmatically: @property (retain, nonatomic) UILabel *showTime; @sythesize showTime; showTime = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(45, 4, 200, 36)]; [self.showTime setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", time]]; [self.showTime setFont:[UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaRoundedLT-Bold" size:23]]; [self.showTime setTextColor:numColor]; self.showTime.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; [self addSubview:self.showTime]; [showTime release]; this is my current practice, for UILabel, UIButton, UIImageView, etc... [Alloc init] it without self., coz I know this will retain twice.. but after the allocation, I put back the "self." to set the attributes.. My gut feel tells me I am doing wrong, but it works superficially and I found no memory leak in analyze and instruments.. can anyone give my advice? when I use "self." to set text and set background color, does it retain one automatically? THX so much!

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• Multisites Network SEO::Can self-referencing canonical tag(rel="canonical") inside article improve google rating?

  - by user5674576

  Hi, Can self-referencing canonical tag(rel="canonical") inside article improve google rating? The Case: Company have 40 sites with original content and 1 main site with some of 40 sites articles. Main site have rel="canonical" in each article Should article in original site have also rel="canonical" for self-referencing? example: inside main network site(reference to other site):<link href="http://site7.com/article25" rel="canonical" /> inside original network site(self-reference):<link href="http://site7.com/article25" rel="canonical"/> Thanks in advance

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• Is there a difference between "self-plagiarizing" in programming vs doing so as a writer?

  - by makerofthings7

  I read this Gawker article about how a writer reused some of his older material for new assignments for different magazines. Is there any similar ethical (societal?) dilemma when doing the same thing in the realm of Programming? Does reusing a shared library you've accumulated over the years amount to self-plagarizm? What I'm getting at is that it seems that the creative world of software development isn't as stringent regarding self-plagarism as say journalism or blogging. In fact on one of my interviews at GS I was asked what kind of libraries I've developed over the years, implying that me getting the job would entail co-licensing helpful portions of code to that company. Are there any cases where although it's legal to self-plagarize, it would be frowned upon in the software world?

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• Trusted Root certificates regularly disappear on Windows 7

  - by Evgeny

  I've installed several self-signed certificates on my Windows 7 Ultimate x64 machine for development purposes. One was installed into Trusted Root CAs and 2 were installed into My Certificates and Trusted People. Every day or two the certificate installed into Trusted Root CAs disappears and I have to re-install it! This is annoying the hell out of me. Why is it happening and how do I stop it? The other certificates (installed into other stores) do not disappear. My first thought was some kind of Group Policy, but my machine is not part of a domain - though it does obtains its IP address from a corporate DHCP server, so I'm not sure if they can somehow still manage to apply Group Policy to me.

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• Should I always release self for failed init methods?

  - by leo

  Should I always release self when there is a failure inside init, or should I only do so if I have initialized instance variables first? To put it another way, is this pattern valid? Is there a time when I shouldn't release self inside an init method, or should I assume that if the control flow enters init, self has at least a retain count of 1? - (id)init { if ((self = [super init]) == nil) { [self release]; return nil; } //do some init stuff if (somethingFailed) { [self release]; return nil; } return self; }

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• why AVAudioplayer doesn't stop/pause when viewWillDisappear?

  - by Rahul Vyas

  I am using avaudioplayer in my app. on viewwilldisappear i want to pause/stop the sound and on viewwill appear i want to play sound again.how do i do this? i'm using this code on viewWillAppear:- if(self.TickPlayer) { [self.TickPlayer play]; } if(self.TickPlayer.volume<0) { self.TickPlayer.volume=1.0; } and this on viewWillDisAppear if(self.TickPlayer) { [self.TickPlayer stop]; } here is the method which plays the sound -(void)PlayTickTickSound:(NSString*)SoundFileName { //Get the filename of the sound file: NSString *path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath],[NSString stringWithFormat:@"/%@",SoundFileName]]; //Get a URL for the sound file NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path isDirectory:NO]; NSError *error; if(self.TickPlayer==nil) { self.TickPlayer = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:filePath error:&error]; // handle errors here. self.TickPlayer.delegate=self; [self.TickPlayer setNumberOfLoops:-1]; // repeat forever [self.TickPlayer play]; } if(self.TickPlayer) { [self.TickPlayer play]; } } and i'm calling it in method which fires every second using a timer in viewDidLoad- self.timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 target:self selector:@selector(updateCountdown) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; -(void) updateCountdown { [self PlayTickTickSound:@"tick.caf"]; } i'm also playing a beep sound using avaudioplayer at a specific condition when alert appears.that works fine but this is not working as expected

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• feedparser fails during script run, but can't reproduce in interactive python console

  - by Rhubarb

  It's failing with this when I run eclipse or when I run my script in iPython: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 32: ordinal not in range(128) I don't know why, but when I simply execute the feedparse.parse(url) statement using the same url, there is no error thrown. This is stumping me big time. The code is as simple as: try: d = feedparser.parse(url) except Exception, e: logging.error('Error while retrieving feed.') logging.error(e) logging.error(formatExceptionInfo(None)) logging.error(formatExceptionInfo1()) Here is the stack trace: d = feedparser.parse(url) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 2623, in parse feedparser.feed(data) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1441, in feed sgmllib.SGMLParser.feed(self, data) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 104, in feed self.goahead(0) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 143, in goahead k = self.parse_endtag(i) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 320, in parse_endtag self.finish_endtag(tag) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 360, in finish_endtag self.unknown_endtag(tag) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 476, in unknown_endtag method() File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1318, in _end_content value = self.popContent('content') File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 700, in popContent value = self.pop(tag) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 641, in pop output = _resolveRelativeURIs(output, self.baseuri, self.encoding) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1594, in _resolveRelativeURIs p.feed(htmlSource) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1441, in feed sgmllib.SGMLParser.feed(self, data) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 104, in feed self.goahead(0) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 138, in goahead k = self.parse_starttag(i) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 296, in parse_starttag self.finish_starttag(tag, attrs) File "C:\Python26\lib\sgmllib.py", line 338, in finish_starttag self.unknown_starttag(tag, attrs) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1588, in unknown_starttag attrs = [(key, ((tag, key) in self.relative_uris) and self.resolveURI(value) or value) for key, value in attrs] File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 1584, in resolveURI return _urljoin(self.baseuri, uri) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\feedparser.py", line 286, in _urljoin return urlparse.urljoin(base, uri) File "C:\Python26\lib\urlparse.py", line 215, in urljoin params, query, fragment)) File "C:\Python26\lib\urlparse.py", line 184, in urlunparse return urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)) File "C:\Python26\lib\urlparse.py", line 192, in urlunsplit url = scheme + ':' + url File "C:\Python26\lib\encodings\cp1252.py", line 15, in decode return codecs.charmap_decode(input,errors,decoding_table)

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• Unit testing and mocking email sender in Python with Google AppEngine

  - by CVertex

  I'm a newbie to python and the app engine. I have this code that sends an email based on request params after some auth logic. in my Unit tests (i'm using GAEUnit), how do I confirm an email with specific contents were sent? - i.e. how do I mock the emailer with a fake emailer to verify send was called? class EmailHandler(webapp.RequestHandler): def bad_input(self): self.response.set_status(400) self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain' self.response.out.write("<html><body>bad input </body></html>") def get(self): to_addr = self.request.get("to") subj = self.request.get("subject") msg = self.request.get("body") if not mail.is_email_valid(to_addr): # Return an error message... # self.bad_input() pass # authenticate here message = mail.EmailMessage() message.sender = "[email protected]" message.to = to_addr message.subject = subj message.body = msg message.send() self.response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain' self.response.out.write("<html><body>success!</body></html>") And the unit tests, import unittest from webtest import TestApp from google.appengine.ext import webapp from email import EmailHandler class SendingEmails(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.application = webapp.WSGIApplication([('/', EmailHandler)], debug=True) def test_success(self): app = TestApp(self.application) response = app.get('http://localhost:8080/[email protected]&body=blah_blah_blah&subject=mySubject') self.assertEqual('200 OK', response.status) self.assertTrue('success' in response) # somehow, assert email was sent

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• How to poll a file in /sys

  - by Bjoern

  Hi, I am stuck reading a file in /sys/ which contains the light intensity in Lux of the ambient light sensor on my Nokia N900 phone. See thread on talk.maemo.org here I tried to use pyinotify to poll the file but this looks some kind of wrong to me since the file is alway "process_IN_OPEN", "process_IN_ACCESS" and "process_IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE" I basically want to get the changes ASAP and if something changed trigger an event, execute a class... Here's the code I tried, which works, but not as I expected (I was hoping for process_IN_MODIFY to be triggered): #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # import os, time, pyinotify import pyinotify ambient_sensor = '/sys/class/i2c-adapter/i2c-2/2-0029/lux' wm = pyinotify.WatchManager() # Watch Manager mask = pyinotify.ALL_EVENTS def action(self, the_event): value = open(the_event.pathname, 'r').read().strip() return value class EventHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent): def process_IN_ACCESS(self, event): print "ACCESS event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_ATTRIB(self, event): print "ATTRIB event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE(self, event): print "CLOSE_NOWRITE event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self, event): print "CLOSE_WRITE event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_CREATE(self, event): print "CREATE event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_DELETE(self, event): print "DELETE event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_MODIFY(self, event): print "MODIFY event:", action(self, event) def process_IN_OPEN(self, event): print "OPEN event:", action(self, event) #log.setLevel(10) notifier = pyinotify.ThreadedNotifier(wm, EventHandler()) notifier.start() wdd = wm.add_watch(ambient_sensor, mask) wdd time.sleep(5) notifier.stop() Thanks for any hints, suggestions and examples Kind regards Bjoern

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• wxpython: adding panel to wx.Frame disables/conflicts with wx.Frame's OnPaint?!

  - by sdaau

  Hi all, I just encountered this strange situation: I found an example, where wx.Frame's OnPaint is overridden, and a circle is drawn. Funnily, as soon as I add even a single panel to the frame, the circle is not drawn anymore - in fact, OnPaint is not called at all anymore ! Can anyone explain me if this is the expected behavior, and how to correctly handle a wx.Frame's OnPaint, if the wx.Frame has child panels ? Small code example is below.. Thanks in advance for any answers, Cheers! The code: #!/usr/bin/env python # http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/wxwidgets-wxpython-drawing-problems-with-onpaint-event-703946/ import wx class MainWindow(wx.Frame): def __init__(self, parent, title, size=wx.DefaultSize): wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, wx.ID_ANY, title, wx.DefaultPosition, size) self.circles = list() self.displaceX = 30 self.displaceY = 30 circlePos = (self.displaceX, self.displaceY) self.circles.append(circlePos) ## uncommenting either only first, or both of ## the commands below, causes OnPaint *not* to be called anymore! #~ self.panel = wx.Panel(self, wx.ID_ANY) #~ self.mpanelA = wx.Panel(self.panel, -1, size=(200,50)) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint) def OnPaint(self, e): print "OnPaint called" dc = wx.PaintDC(self) dc.SetPen(wx.Pen(wx.BLUE)) dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush(wx.BLUE)) # Go through the list of circles to draw all of them for circle in self.circles: dc.DrawCircle(circle[0], circle[1], 10) def main(): app = wx.App() win = MainWindow(None, "Draw delayed circles", size=(620,460)) win.Show() app.MainLoop() if __name__ == "__main__": main()

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• Multiple errors while adding searching to app

  - by Thijs

  Hi, I'm fairly new at iOS programming, but I managed to make a (in my opinion quite nice) app for the app store. The main function for my next update will be a search option for the app. I followed a tutorial I found on the internet and adapted it to fit my app. I got back quite some errors, most of which I managed to fix. But now I'm completely stuck and don't know what to do next. I know it's a lot to ask, but if anyone could take a look at the code underneath, it would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! // // RootViewController.m // GGZ info // // Created by Thijs Beckers on 29-12-10. // Copyright 2010 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. // #import "RootViewController.h" // Always import the next level view controller header(s) #import "CourseCodes.h" @implementation RootViewController @synthesize dataForCurrentLevel, tableViewData; #pragma mark - #pragma mark View lifecycle // OVERRIDE METHOD - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Go get the data for the app... // Create a custom string that points to the right location in the app bundle NSString *pathToPlist = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"SCSCurriculum" ofType:@"plist"]; // Now, place the result into the dictionary property // Note that we must retain it to keep it around dataForCurrentLevel = [[NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:pathToPlist] retain]; // Place the top level keys (the program codes) in an array for the table view // Note that we must retain it to keep it around // NSDictionary has a really useful instance method - allKeys // The allKeys method returns an array with all of the keys found in (this level of) a dictionary tableViewData = [[[dataForCurrentLevel allKeys] sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(caseInsensitiveCompare:)] retain]; //Initialize the copy array. copyListOfItems = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; // Set the nav bar title self.title = @"GGZ info"; //Add the search bar self.tableView.tableHeaderView = searchBar; searchBar.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo; searching = NO; letUserSelectRow = YES; } /* - (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillAppear:animated]; } */ /* - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidAppear:animated]; } */ /* - (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewWillDisappear:animated]; } */ /* - (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated { [super viewDidDisappear:animated]; } */ //RootViewController.m - (void) searchBarTextDidBeginEditing:(UISearchBar *)theSearchBar { searching = YES; letUserSelectRow = NO; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = NO; //Add the done button. self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self action:@selector(doneSearching_Clicked:)] autorelease]; } - (NSIndexPath *)tableView :(UITableView *)theTableView willSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { if(letUserSelectRow) return indexPath; else return nil; } //RootViewController.m - (void)searchBar:(UISearchBar *)theSearchBar textDidChange:(NSString *)searchText { //Remove all objects first. [copyListOfItems removeAllObjects]; if([searchText length] &gt; 0) { searching = YES; letUserSelectRow = YES; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = YES; [self searchTableView]; } else { searching = NO; letUserSelectRow = NO; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = NO; } [self.tableView reloadData]; } //RootViewController.m - (void) searchBarSearchButtonClicked:(UISearchBar *)theSearchBar { [self searchTableView]; } - (void) searchTableView { NSString *searchText = searchBar.text; NSMutableArray *searchArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (NSDictionary *dictionary in listOfItems) { NSArray *array = [dictionary objectForKey:@"Countries"]; [searchArray addObjectsFromArray:array]; } for (NSString *sTemp in searchArray) { NSRange titleResultsRange = [sTemp rangeOfString:searchText options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch]; if (titleResultsRange.length &gt; 0) [copyListOfItems addObject:sTemp]; } [searchArray release]; searchArray = nil; } //RootViewController.m - (void) doneSearching_Clicked:(id)sender { searchBar.text = @""; [searchBar resignFirstResponder]; letUserSelectRow = YES; searching = NO; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = nil; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = YES; [self.tableView reloadData]; } //RootViewController.m - (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { if (searching) return 1; else return [listOfItems count]; } // Customize the number of rows in the table view. - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { if (searching) return [copyListOfItems count]; else { //Number of rows it should expect should be based on the section NSDictionary *dictionary = [listOfItems objectAtIndex:section]; NSArray *array = [dictionary objectForKey:@"Countries"]; return [array count]; } } - (NSString *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView titleForHeaderInSection:(NSInteger)section { if(searching) return @""; if(section == 0) return @"Countries to visit"; else return @"Countries visited"; } // Customize the appearance of table view cells. - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectZero reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; } // Set up the cell... if(searching) cell.text = [copyListOfItems objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; else { //First get the dictionary object NSDictionary *dictionary = [listOfItems objectAtIndex:indexPath.section]; NSArray *array = [dictionary objectForKey:@"Countries"]; NSString *cellValue = [array objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; cell.text = cellValue; } return cell; } - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { //Get the selected country NSString *selectedCountry = nil; if(searching) selectedCountry = [copyListOfItems objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; else { NSDictionary *dictionary = [listOfItems objectAtIndex:indexPath.section]; NSArray *array = [dictionary objectForKey:@"Countries"]; selectedCountry = [array objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; } //Initialize the detail view controller and display it. DetailViewController *dvController = [[DetailViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"DetailView" bundle:[NSBundle mainBundle]]; dvController.selectedCountry = selectedCountry; [self.navigationController pushViewController:dvController animated:YES]; [dvController release]; dvController = nil; } //RootViewController.m - (void) searchBarTextDidBeginEditing:(UISearchBar *)theSearchBar { //Add the overlay view. if(ovController == nil) ovController = [[OverlayViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"OverlayView" bundle:[NSBundle mainBundle]]; CGFloat yaxis = self.navigationController.navigationBar.frame.size.height; CGFloat width = self.view.frame.size.width; CGFloat height = self.view.frame.size.height; //Parameters x = origion on x-axis, y = origon on y-axis. CGRect frame = CGRectMake(0, yaxis, width, height); ovController.view.frame = frame; ovController.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor]; ovController.view.alpha = 0.5; ovController.rvController = self; [self.tableView insertSubview:ovController.view aboveSubview:self.parentViewController.view]; searching = YES; letUserSelectRow = NO; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = NO; //Add the done button. self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = [[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemDone target:self action:@selector(doneSearching_Clicked:)] autorelease]; } // Override to allow orientations other than the default portrait orientation. - (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation { // Return YES for supported orientations. return YES; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Relinquish ownership any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. } - (void)viewDidUnload { // Relinquish ownership of anything that can be recreated in viewDidLoad or on demand. // For example: self.myOutlet = nil; } - (void)dealloc { [dataForCurrentLevel release]; [tableViewData release]; [super dealloc]; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark Table view methods // DATA SOURCE METHOD - (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { return 1; } // DATA SOURCE METHOD - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { // How many rows should be displayed? return [tableViewData count]; } // DELEGATE METHOD - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Cell reuse block static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; } // Configure the cell's contents - we want the program code, and a disclosure indicator cell.textLabel.text = [tableViewData objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; cell.accessoryType = UITableViewCellAccessoryDisclosureIndicator; return cell; } //RootViewController.m - (void)searchBar:(UISearchBar *)theSearchBar textDidChange:(NSString *)searchText { //Remove all objects first. [copyListOfItems removeAllObjects]; if([searchText length] &gt; 0) { [ovController.view removeFromSuperview]; searching = YES; letUserSelectRow = YES; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = YES; [self searchTableView]; } else { [self.tableView insertSubview:ovController.view aboveSubview:self.parentViewController.view]; searching = NO; letUserSelectRow = NO; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = NO; } [self.tableView reloadData]; } //RootViewController.m - (void) doneSearching_Clicked:(id)sender { searchBar.text = @""; [searchBar resignFirstResponder]; letUserSelectRow = YES; searching = NO; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = nil; self.tableView.scrollEnabled = YES; [ovController.view removeFromSuperview]; [ovController release]; ovController = nil; [self.tableView reloadData]; } // DELEGATE METHOD - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // In any navigation-based application, you follow the same pattern: // 1. Create an instance of the next-level view controller // 2. Configure that instance, with settings and data if necessary // 3. Push it on to the navigation stack // In this situation, the next level view controller is another table view // Therefore, we really don't need a nib file (do you see a CourseCodes.xib? no, there isn't one) // So, a UITableViewController offers an initializer that programmatically creates a view // 1. Create the next level view controller // ======================================== CourseCodes *nextVC = [[CourseCodes alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewStylePlain]; // 2. Configure it... // ================== // It needs data from the dictionary - the "value" for the current "key" (that was tapped) NSDictionary *nextLevelDictionary = [dataForCurrentLevel objectForKey:[tableViewData objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]]; nextVC.dataForCurrentLevel = nextLevelDictionary; // Set the view title nextVC.title = [tableViewData objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; // 3. Push it on to the navigation stack // ===================================== [self.navigationController pushViewController:nextVC animated:YES]; // Memory manage it [nextVC release]; } /* // Override to support conditional editing of the table view. - (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canEditRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the specified item to be editable. return YES; } */ /* // Override to support editing the table view. - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView commitEditingStyle:(UITableViewCellEditingStyle)editingStyle forRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleDelete) { // Delete the row from the data source. [tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:[NSArray arrayWithObject:indexPath] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade]; } else if (editingStyle == UITableViewCellEditingStyleInsert) { // Create a new instance of the appropriate class, insert it into the array, and add a new row to the table view. } } */ /* // Override to support rearranging the table view. - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView moveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)fromIndexPath toIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)toIndexPath { } */ /* // Override to support conditional rearranging of the table view. - (BOOL)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView canMoveRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { // Return NO if you do not want the item to be re-orderable. return YES; } */ @end

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• Simple continuously running XMPP client in python

  - by tom

  I'm using python-xmpp to send jabber messages. Everything works fine except that every time I want to send messages (every 15 minutes) I need to reconnect to the jabber server, and in the meantime the sending client is offline and cannot receive messages. So I want to write a really simple, indefinitely running xmpp client, that is online the whole time and can send (and receive) messages when required. My trivial (non-working) approach: import time import xmpp class Jabber(object): def __init__(self): server = 'example.com' username = 'bot' passwd = 'password' self.client = xmpp.Client(server) self.client.connect(server=(server, 5222)) self.client.auth(username, passwd, 'bot') self.client.sendInitPresence() self.sleep() def sleep(self): self.awake = False delay = 1 while not self.awake: time.sleep(delay) def wake(self): self.awake = True def auth(self, jid): self.client.getRoster().Authorize(jid) self.sleep() def send(self, jid, msg): message = xmpp.Message(jid, msg) message.setAttr('type', 'chat') self.client.send(message) self.sleep() if __name__ == '__main__': j = Jabber() time.sleep(3) j.wake() j.send('[email protected]', 'hello world') time.sleep(30) The problem here seems to be that I cannot wake it up. My best guess is that I need some kind of concurrency. Is that true, and if so how would I best go about that? EDIT: After looking into all the options concerning concurrency, I decided to go with twisted and wokkel. If I could, I would delete this post.

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• python gui generate math equation

  - by Nero Dietrich

  I have a homework question for one specific item with python GUIs. My goal is to create a GUI that asks a random mathematical equation and if the equation is evaluated correctly, then I will receive a message stating that it is correct. My main problem is finding out where to place my statements so that they show up in the labels; I have 1 textbox which generates the random equation, the next textbox is blank for me to enter the solution, and then an "Enter" button at the end to evaluate my solution. It looks like this: [randomly generated equation][Empty space to enter solution] [ENTER] I've managed to get the layout and the evaluate parameters, but I don't know where to go from here. This is my code so far: class Equation(Frame): def __init__(self,parent=None): Frame.__init__(self, parent) self.pack() Equation.make_widgets(self) Equation.new_problem(self) def make_widgets(self): Label(self).grid(row=0, column=1) ent = Entry(self) ent.grid(row=0, column=1) Label(self).grid(row=0, column=2) ent = Entry(self) ent.grid(row=0, column=2) Button(self, text='Enter', command=self.evaluate).grid(row=0, column=3) def new_problem(self): pass def evaluate(self): result = eval(self.get()) self.delete(0, END) self.insert(END, result) print('Correct')

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• Getting unhandled error and connection get lost when a client tries to communicate with chat server in twisted

  - by user2433888

  from twisted.internet.protocol import Protocol,Factory from twisted.internet import reactor class ChatServer(Protocol): def connectionMade(self): print "A Client Has Connected" self.factory.clients.append(self) print"clients are ",self.factory.clients self.transport.write('Hello,Welcome to the telnet chat to sign in type aim:YOUR NAME HERE to send a messsage type msg:YOURMESSAGE '+'\n') def connectionLost(self,reason): self.factory.clients.remove(self) self.transport.write('Somebody was disconnected from the server') def dataReceived(self,data): #print "data is",data a = data.split(':') if len(a) > 1: command = a[0] content = a[1] msg="" if command =="iam": self.name + "has joined" elif command == "msg": ma=sg = self.name + ":" +content print msg for c in self.factory.clients: c.message(msg) def message(self,message): self.transport.write(message + '\n') factory = Factory() factory.protocol = ChatServer factory.clients = [] reactor.listenTCP(80,factory) print "Iphone Chat server started" reactor.run() The above code is running succesfully...but when i connect the client (by typing telnet localhost 80) to this chatserver and try to write message ,connection gets lost and following errors occurs : Iphone Chat server started A Client Has Connected clients are [<__main__.ChatServer instance at 0x024AC0A8>] Unhandled Error Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\log.py", line 84, in callWithLogger return callWithContext({"system": lp}, func, *args, **kw) File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\log.py", line 69, in callWithContext return context.call({ILogContext: newCtx}, func, *args, **kw) File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\context.py", line 118, in callWithContext return self.currentContext().callWithContext(ctx, func, *args, **kw) File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\python\context.py", line 81, in callWithContext return func(*args,**kw) --- --- File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\selectreactor.py", line 150, in _doReadOrWrite why = getattr(selectable, method)() File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\tcp.py", line 199, in doRead rval = self.protocol.dataReceived(data) File "D:\chatserverultimate.py", line 21, in dataReceived content = a[1] exceptions.IndexError: list index out of range Where am I going wrong?

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• tk: how to invoke it just to display something, and return to the main program?

  - by max

  Sorry for the noob question but I really don't understand this. I'm using python / tkinter and I want to display something (say, a canvas with a few shapes on it), and keep it displayed until the program quits. I understand that no widgets would be displayed until I call tkinter.tk.mainloop(). However, if I call tkinter.tk.mainloop(), I won't be able to do anything else until the user closes the main window. I don't need to monitor any user input events, just display some stuff. What's a good way to do this without giving up control to mainloop? EDIT: Is this sample code reasonable: class App(tk.Tk): def __init__(self, sim): self.sim = sim # link to the simulation instance self.loop() def loop(): self.redraw() # update all the GUI to reflect new simulation state sim.next_step() # advance simulation another step self.after(0, self.loop) def redraw(): # get whatever we need from self.sim, and put it on the screen EDIT2 (added after_idle): class App(tk.Tk): def __init__(self, sim): self.sim = sim # link to the simulation instance self.after_idle(self.preloop) def preloop(): self.after(0, self.loop) def loop(): self.redraw() # update all the GUI to reflect new simulation state sim.next_step() # advance simulation another step self.after_idle(self.preloop) def redraw(): # get whatever we need from self.sim, and put it on the screen

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• How to lazy load a data structure (python)

  - by Anton Geraschenko

  I have some way of building a data structure (out of some file contents, say): def loadfile(FILE): return # some data structure created from the contents of FILE So I can do things like puppies = loadfile("puppies.csv") # wait for loadfile to work kitties = loadfile("kitties.csv") # wait some more print len(puppies) print puppies[32] In the above example, I wasted a bunch of time actually reading kitties.csv and creating a data structure that I never used. I'd like to avoid that waste without constantly checking if not kitties whenever I want to do something. I'd like to be able to do puppies = lazyload("puppies.csv") # instant kitties = lazyload("kitties.csv") # instant print len(puppies) # wait for loadfile print puppies[32] So if I don't ever try to do anything with kitties, loadfile("kitties.csv") never gets called. Is there some standard way to do this? After playing around with it for a bit, I produced the following solution, which appears to work correctly and is quite brief. Are there some alternatives? Are there drawbacks to using this approach that I should keep in mind? class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE self.F = None def __getattr__(self,name): if not self.F: print "loading %s" % self.FILE self.F = loadfile(self.FILE) return object.__getattribute__(self.F, name) What might be even better is if something like this worked: class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE def __getattr__(self,name): self = loadfile(self.FILE) # this never gets called again # since self is no longer a # lazyload instance return object.__getattribute__(self, name) But this doesn't work because self is local. It actually ends up calling loadfile every time you do anything.

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• Tkinter, Python: How do I save text entered in the Entry widget? How do I move a label?

  - by user3692825

  I am a newbie at programming and my program is not stellar but hopefully it's ok because I have only been using it for a couple days now. I am having trouble in my class "Recipie". In this class I am having trouble saving the text in my Entry widget. I know to use the .get() option but when I try to print it, it doesn't (whether it is within that defined method or not). So that is my main concern. I want it to save the text entered as a string when I press the button: b. My other minor question is, how can I move the label. When I have tried I have used the height and width options, but that just expands the label. I want to move the text to create a title above my Entry boxes. Is label the right widget to use or would it be easier to use a message box widget? So it would look like, for example (but like 8 pixels down and 20 to the right): ingredients textbox button labeled as: add an ingredient And I am not sure the option .pack(side="...") or .place(anchor="...") are the right options to use for my buttons or entry boxes or labels. Any help is greatly appreciated!!! And if you could add comments to your code explaining what you did, that would be so helpful. Thank you!!! import Tkinter class Recipie(Tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self): Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self) self.title("New Recipie") self.geometry("500x500") def name(self): name = Tkinter.Label(self, text="Title:", width=39) name.place(anchor="nw") insert_name = Tkinter.Entry(self) insert_name.pack() insert_name.focus_set() def ingredients(self): e = Tkinter.Entry(self) e.pack() e.focus_set() def addingredient(self): but = Tkinter.Button(self, text="Add Ingredients", width=15, command=self.ingredients) but.pack(side="bottom") def procedure(self): txt = Tkinter.Label(self, text="List the Steps:") txt.place(anchor="n") p = Tkinter.Entry(self) p.place(anchor="nw") p.focus_set() def savebutton(self): print insert_name.get() print e.get() print p.get() b = Tkinter.Button(self, text="Save Recipie", width=15, command=savebutton) top = Recipie() top.mainloop()

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• signed applet automatically running as insecure

  - by Terje Dahl

  My application is deployed as a self-signed applet to several thousand users at more than 50 schools across the country (in Norway). The user is presented with the standard Java security warning asking if they will accept the signature. When they do, the applet runs perfectly. However, about half a year ago a group of 7 school, all under a common IT department, stopped getting the security warning. In stead the applet loads and starts running in untrusted mode, without first giving the user an option to accept or reject the signature. The problem is on Windows machines, and only when the machine is connected to the schools network. If they take the same machine home with them, the program functions as it should, with security warnings and everything. I know little about Window systems in general, but I would think it would be some sort of policy-file or something that is loaded when a machine hooks up to/through the schools network. Furthermore, the problem only started occurring in these 7 schools after changes made after a security breach they had a while back. The IT department is stumped. I am stumped. Any thoughts, comments, suggestions?

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• Self join in Entity Framework

  - by Waheed

  Hi, I want to have following type of query in entity frame work SELECT c2.* FROM Category c1 INNER JOIN Category c2 ON c1.CategoryID = c2.ParentCategoryID WHERE c1.ParentCategoryID is NULL How to do the above work in Entity framework...

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• Self referencing symmetrical Hibernate Map Table using @ManyToMany

  - by sammichy

  I have the following class public class ElementBean { private String link; private Set<ElementBean> connections; } I need to create a map table where elements are mapped to each other in a many-to-many symmetrical relationship. @ManyToMany(targetEntity=ElementBean.class) @JoinTable( name="element_elements", joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="FROM_ELEMENT_ID", nullable=false), inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="TO_ELEMENT_ID", nullable=false) ) public Set<ElementBean> getConnections() { return connections; } I have the following requirements When element A is added as a connection to Element B, then element B should become a connection of Element A. So A.getConnections() should return B and B.getConnections() should return A. I do not want to explicitly create 2 records one for mapping A to B and another for B to A. Is this possible?

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