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  • Threaded Django task doesn't automatically handle transactions or db connections?

    - by Gabriel Hurley
    I've got Django set up to run some recurring tasks in their own threads, and I noticed that they were always leaving behind unfinished database connection processes (pgsql "Idle In Transaction"). I looked through the Postgres logs and found that the transactions weren't being completed (no ROLLBACK). I tried using the various transaction decorators on my functions, no luck. I switched to manual transaction management and did the rollback manually, that worked, but still left the processes as "Idle". So then I called connection.close(), and all is well. But I'm left wondering, why doesn't Django's typical transaction and connection management work for these threaded tasks that are being spawned from the main Django thread?

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  • Load image from string

    - by zaf
    Given a string containing jpeg image data, is it possible to load this directly in pygame? I've tried using StringIO but failed and I don't completely understand the 'file-like' object concept. Currently, as a workaround, I'm saving to disk and then loading an image the standard way: # imagestring contains a jpeg f=open('test.jpg','wb') f.write(imagestring) f.close() image=pygame.image.load('test.jpg') Any suggestions on improving this so that we avoid creating a temp file?

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  • Divide numpy array

    - by BandGap
    Hi all I have some data represented in a 1300x1341 matrix. I would like to split this matrix in several pieces (e.g. 9) so that I can loop over and process them. The data needs to stay ordered in the sense that x[0,1] stays below (or above if you like) x[0,0] and besides x[1,1]. Just like if you had imaged the data, you could draw 2 vertical and 2 horizontal lines over the image to illustrate the 9 parts. If I use numpys reshape (eg. matrix.reshape(9,260,745) or any other combination of 9,260,745) it doesn't yield the required structure since the above mentioned ordering is lost... Did I misunderstand the reshape method or can it be done this way? What other pythonic/numpy way is there to do this?

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  • More than one profile in Django?

    - by JPC
    Is it possible to use Django's user authentication features with more than one profile? Currently I have a settings.py file that has this in it: AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE = 'auth.UserProfileA' and a models.py file that has this in it: from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User class UserProfileA(models.Model): company = models.CharField(max_length=30) user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) that way, if a user logs in, I can easily get the profile because the User has a get_profile() method. However, I would like to add UserProfileB. From looking around a bit, it seems that the starting point is to create a superclass to use as the AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE and have both UserProfileA and UserProfileB inherit from that superclass. The problem is, I don't think the get_profile() method returns the correct profile. It would return an instance of the superclass. I come from a java background (polymorphism) so I'm not sure exactly what I should be doing. Thanks!

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  • Suggestions for a django db structure

    - by rh0dium
    Hi Say I have the unknown number of questions. For example: Is the sky blue [y/n] What date were your born on [date] What is pi [3.14] What is a large integ [100] Now each of these questions poses a different but very type specific answer (boolean, date, float, int). Natively django can happily deal with these in a model. class SkyModel(models.Model): question = models.CharField("Is the sky blue") answer = models.BooleanField(default=False) class BirthModel(models.Model): question = models.CharField("What date were your born on") answer = models.DateTimeField(default=today) class PiModel(models.Model) question = models.CharField("What is pi") answer = models.FloatField() But this has the obvious problem in that each question has a specific model - so if we need to add a question later I have to change the database. Yuck. So now I want to get fancy - How do a set up a model where by the answer type conversion happens automagically? ANSWER_TYPES = ( ('boolean', 'boolean'), ('date', 'date'), ('float', 'float'), ('int', 'int'), ('char', 'char'), ) class Questions(models.model): question = models.CharField(() answer = models.CharField() answer_type = models.CharField(choices = ANSWER_TYPES) default = models.CharField() So in theory this would do the following: When I build up my views I look at the type of answer and ensure that I only put in that value. But when I want to pull that answer back out it will return the data in the format specified by the answer_type. Example 3.14 comes back out as a float not as a str. How can I perform this sort of automagic transformation? Or can someone suggest a better way to do this? Thanks much!!

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  • Django: Extending User Model - Inline User fields in UserProfile

    - by Jack Sparrow
    Is there a way to display User fields under a form that adds/edits a UserProfile model? I am extending default Django User model like this: class UserProfile(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User, unique=True) about = models.TextField(blank=True) I know that it is possible to make a: class UserProfileInlineAdmin(admin.TabularInline): and then inline this in User ModelAdmin but I want to achieve the opposite effect, something like inverse inlining, displaying the fields of the model pointed by the OneToOne Relationship (User) in the page of the model defining the relationship (UserProfile). I don't care if it would be in the admin or in a custom view/template. I just need to know how to achieve this. I've been struggling with ModelForms and Formsets, I know the answer is somewhere there, but my little experience in Django doesn't allow me to come up with the solution yet. A little example would be really helpful!

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  • Diminishing programmer wants to get back to programming

    - by Marcus TV
    I last programmed actively in 2002. It is almost 8 years now. I learned C and then moved to Visual Basic for our thesis project in the university. I would like to ask suggestions on what programming language should I learn and put to profitability use in areas such as desktop applications, web development, and database applications.

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  • How to achieve interaction between GUI class with logic class

    - by volting
    Im new to GUI programming, and haven't done much OOP. Im working on a basic calculator app to help me learn GUI design and to brush up on OOP. I understand that anything GUI related should be kept seperate from the logic, but Im unsure how to implement interaction between logic an GUI classes when needed i.e. basically passing variables back and forth... Im using TKinter and when I pass a tkinter variable to my logic it only seems to hold the string PY_VAR0. def on_equal_btn_click(self): self.entryVariable.set(self.entryVariable.get() + "=") calculator = Calc(self.entryVariable) self.entryVariable.set(calculator.calculate()) Im sure that im probably doing something fundamentally wrong and probabaly really stupid, I spent a considerable amount of time experimenting (and searching for answers online) but Im getting no where. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks, V The Full Program (well just enough to show the structure..) import Tkinter class Gui(Tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self,parent): Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent) self.parent = parent self.initialize() def initialize(self): self.grid() self.create_widgets() """ grid config """ #self.grid_columnconfigure(0,weight=1,pad=0) self.resizable(False, False) def create_widgets(self): """row 0 of grid""" """Create Text Entry Box""" self.entryVariable = Tkinter.StringVar() self.entry = Tkinter.Entry(self,width=30,textvariable=self.entryVariable) self.entry.grid(column=0,row=0, columnspan = 3 ) self.entry.bind("<Return>", self.on_press_enter) """create equal button""" equal_btn = Tkinter.Button(self,text="=",width=4,command=self.on_equal_btn_click) equal_btn.grid(column=3, row=0) """row 1 of grid""" """create number 1 button""" number1_btn = Tkinter.Button(self,text="1",width=8,command=self.on_number1_btn_click) number1_btn.grid(column=0, row=1) . . . def on_equal_btn_click(self): self.entryVariable.set(self.entryVariable.get() + "=") calculator = Calc(self.entryVariable) self.entryVariable.set(calculator.calculate()) class Calc(): def __init__(self, equation): self.equation = equation def calculate(self): #TODO: parse string and calculate... return self.equation if __name__ == "__main__": app = Gui(None) app.title('Calculator') app.mainloop()

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  • subplot matplotlib wrong syntax

    - by madptr
    I am using matplotlib to subplot in a loop. For instance, i would like to subplot 49 data sets, and from the doc, i implemented it this way; import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt X1=list(range(0,10000,1)) X1 = [ x/float(10) for x in X1 ] nb_mix = 2 parameters = [] for i in range(49): param = [] Y = [0] * len(X1) for j in range(nb_mix): mean = 5* (1 + (np.random.rand() * 2 - 1 ) * 0.5 ) var = 10* (1 + np.random.rand() * 2 - 1 ) scale = 5* ( 1 + (np.random.rand() * 2 - 1) * 0.5 ) Y = [ Y[k] + scale * np.exp(-((X1[k] - mean)/float(var))**2) for k in range(len(X1)) ] param = param + [[mean, var, scale]] ax = plt.subplot(7, 7, i + 1) ax.plot(X1, Y) parameters = parameters + [param] ax.show() However, i have an index out of range error from i=0 onwards. Where can i do better to have it works ? Thanks

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  • Django: What's the correct way to get the requesting IP address?

    - by swisstony
    I'm trying to develop an app using Django 1.1 on Webfaction. I'd like to get the IP address of the incoming request, but when I use request.META['REMOTE_ADDR'] it returns 127.0.0.1. There seems to be a number of different ways of getting the address, such as using HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR or plugging in some middleware called SetRemoteAddrFromForwardedFor. Just wondering what the best approach was?

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  • Passing parameter to base class constructor or using instance variable?

    - by deamon
    All classes derived from a certain base class have to define an attribute called "path". In the sense of duck typing I could rely upon definition in the subclasses: class Base: pass # no "path" variable here def Sub(Base): def __init__(self): self.path = "something/" Another possiblity would be to use the base class constructor: class Base: def __init__(self, path): self.path = path def Sub(Base): def __init__(self): super().__init__("something/") What would you prefer and why? Is there a better way?

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  • standard geographic tilizing/binning method?

    - by monkut
    I'm trying to learn and understand more about mapping and displaying values on a map. (GIS) At the moment I'M looking to take some values and apply those values to a tile or bin on a map. Ideally I'd like the tile sizes to be uniform, like 100 meters, 500 meters, etc. Is there a standard method for creating uniform tile sizes? Or Are what are common accepted method to deal with this kind of data display? (Currently I'm using geodjango and it's related toolset geos, proj4, etc)

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  • how to create a theme with QT

    - by Moayyad Yaghi
    hello im looking for a way to make my pyqt interface look nicer by adding a theme to it. im new to Qt and i still have no idea how to add a custom theme for widgets.. so how is that possible ? and is it possible through qt designer ? sorry for my bad english , its my third language. i hope the idea is clear enough . please let me know if something was unclear .. thanks in advace

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  • manyToManyField question

    - by dotty
    Hay guys, I'm writing a simple app which logs recipes. I'm working out my models and have stumbled across a problem My Dish models needs to have many Ingredients. This is no problem because i would do something like this ingredients = models.ManyToManyfield(Ingredient) No problems, my dish now can have many ingrendients. However, the problem is that the ingredient needs to come in different quantities. I.E 4 eggs, 7 tablespoons sugar My Ingredient Model is very simple at the moment class Ingredient(models.Model): name = models.TextField(blank=False) slug = models.SlugField(blank=True) How would i go about work out this problem? What fields would i need to add, would i need to use a 'through' attribute on my ManyToManyfield to solve this problem?

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  • Elegant Disjunctive Normal Form in Django

    - by Mike
    Let's say I've defined this model: class Identifier(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) key = models.CharField(max_length=64) value = models.CharField(max_length=255) Each user will have multiple identifiers, each with a key and a value. I am 100% sure I want to keep the design like this, there are external reasons why I'm doing it that I won't go through here, so I'm not interested in changing this. I'd like to develop a function of this sort: def get_users_by_identifiers(**kwargs): # something goes here return users The function will return all users that have one of the key=value pairs specified in **kwargs. Here's an example usage: get_users_by_identifiers(a=1, b=2) This should return all users for whom a=1 or b=2. I've noticed that the way I've set this up, this amounts to a disjunctive normal form...the SQL query would be something like: SELECT DISTINCT(user_id) FROM app_identifier WHERE (key = "a" AND value = "1") OR (key = "b" AND value = "2") ... I feel like there's got to be some elegant way to take the **kwargs input and do a Django filter on it, in just 1-2 lines, to produce this result. I'm new to Django though, so I'm just not sure how to do it. Here's my function now, and I'm completely sure it's not the best way to do it :) def get_users_by_identifiers(**identifiers): users = [] for key, value in identifiers.items(): for identifier in Identifier.objects.filter(key=key, value=value): if not identifier.user in users: users.append(identifier.user) return users Any ideas? :) Thanks!

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  • PyQt - How to connect multiple signals to the same widget

    - by Orchainu
    [ ]All1 [ ]All2 [ ]checkbox1A [ ]checkbox1B [ ]checkbox2A [ ]checkbox2B Based on the chart above, a few things need to happen: The All checkboxes only affect the on/off of the column it resides in, and checks on/off all the checkboxes in that column. All checkboxes work in pairs, so if checkbox1A is on/off, checkbox1B needs to be on/off If an All checkbox is checked on, and then the user proceeds to check off one or more checkbox in the column, the All checkbox should be unchecked, but all the checkboxes that are already checked should remain checked. So really this is more like a chain reaction setup. If checkbox All1 is on, then chieckbox1A and 2A will be on, and because they are on, checkbox1B and 2B are also on, but checkbox All2 remains off. I tried hooking up the signals based on this logic, but only the paired logic works 100%. The All checkbox logic only works 50% of the time, and not accurately, and there's no way for me to turn off the All checkbox without turning all already checked checkboxes off. Really really need help ... T-T Sample code: cbPairKeys = cbPairs.keys() for key in cbPairKeys: cbOne = cbPairs[key][0][0] cbTwo = cbPairs[key][1][0] cbOne.stateChanged.connect(self.syncCB) cbTwo.stateChanged.connect(self.syncCB) def syncCB(self): pairKeys = cbPairs.keys() for keys in pairKeys: cbOne = cbPairs[keys][0][0] cbOneAllCB = cbPairs[keys][0][4] cbTwo = cbPairs[keys][1][0] cbTwoAllCB = cbPairs[keys][1][4] if self.sender() == cbOne: if cbOne.isChecked() or cbTwoAllCB.isChecked(): cbTwo.setChecked(True) else: cbTwo.setChecked(False) else: if cbTwo.isChecked() or cbOneAllCB.isChecked(): cbOne.setChecked(True) else: cbOne.setChecked(False) EDIT Thanks to user Avaris's help and patience, I was able to reduce the code down to something much cleaner and works 100% of the time on the 1st and 2nd desired behavior: #Connect checkbox pairs cbPairKeys = cbPairs.keys() for key in cbPairKeys: cbOne = cbPairs[key][0][0] cbTwo = cbPairs[key][1][0] cbOne.toggled.connect(cbTwo.setChecked) cbTwo.toggled.connect(cbOne.setChecked) #Connect allCB and allRO signals cbsKeys = allCBList.keys() for keys in cbsKeys: for checkbox in allCBList[keys]: keys.toggled.connect(checkbox.setChecked) Only need help on turning off the All checkbox when the user selectively turns off the modular checkboxes now

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  • How to create a non-persistent Elixir/SQLAlchemy object?

    - by siebert
    Hi, because of legacy data which is not available in the database but some external files, I want to create a SQLAlchemy object which contains data read from the external files, but isn't written to the database if I execute session.flush() My code looks like this: try: return session.query(Phone).populate_existing().filter(Phone.mac == ident).one() except: return self.createMockPhoneFromLicenseFile(ident) def createMockPhoneFromLicenseFile(self, ident): # Some code to read necessary data from file deleted.... phone = Phone() phone.mac = foo phone.data = bar phone.state = "Read from legacy file" phone.purchaseOrderPosition = self.getLegacyOrder(ident) # SQLAlchemy magic doesn't seem to work here, probably because we don't insert the created # phone object into the database. So we set the id fields manually. phone.order_id = phone.purchaseOrderPosition.order_id phone.order_position_id = phone.purchaseOrderPosition.order_position_id return phone Everything works fine except that on a session.flush() executed later in the application SQLAlchemy tries to write the created Phone object to the database (which fortunatly doesn't succeed, because phone.state is longer than the data type allows), which breaks the function which issues the flush. Is there any way to prevent SQLAlchemy from trying to write such an object? Ciao, Steffen

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  • gae error:AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'user_is_member'

    - by zjm1126
    class Thread(db.Model): members = db.StringListProperty() def user_is_member(self, user): return str(user) in self.members and thread = Thread.get(db.Key.from_path('Thread', int(id))) is_member = thread.user_is_member(user) but the error is : Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\ext\webapp\__init__.py", line 511, in __call__ handler.get(*groups) File "D:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\ext\webapp\util.py", line 62, in check_login handler_method(self, *args) File "D:\zjm_code\forum_blog_gae\main.py", line 222, in get is_member = thread.user_is_member(user) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'user_is_member' why ? thanks

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  • more efficient way to pickle a string

    - by gatoatigrado
    The pickle module seems to use string escape characters when pickling; this becomes inefficient e.g. on numpy arrays. Consider the following z = numpy.zeros(1000, numpy.uint8) len(z.dumps()) len(cPickle.dumps(z.dumps())) The lengths are 1133 characters and 4249 characters respectively. z.dumps() reveals something like "\x00\x00" (actual zeros in string), but pickle seems to be using the string's repr() function, yielding "'\x00\x00'" (zeros being ascii zeros). i.e. ("0" in z.dumps() == False) and ("0" in cPickle.dumps(z.dumps()) == True)

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  • A faster alternative to Pandas `isin` function

    - by user3576212
    I have a very large data frame df that looks like: ID Value1 Value2 1345 3.2 332 1355 2.2 32 2346 1.0 11 3456 8.9 322 And I have a list that contains a subset of IDs ID_list. I need to have a subset of df for the ID contained in ID_list. Currently, I am using df_sub=df[df.ID.isin(ID_list)] to do it. But it takes a lot time. IDs contained in ID_list doesn't have any pattern, so it's not within certain range. (And I need to apply the same operation to many similar dataframes. I was wondering if there is any faster way to do this. Will it help a lot if make ID as the index? Thanks!

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  • How do I specify a null relation in SQLAlchemy?

    - by Jesse
    Not sure what the correct title for this question should be. I have the following schema: Matters have a one-many relationship to WorkItems. WorkItems have a one-one (or one-zero) relationship to LineItems. I am trying to create the following relation between Matters and WorkItems Matter.unbilled_work_items = orm.relation(WorkItem, primaryjoin = (Matter.id == WorkItem.matter_id) and (WorkItem.line_item_id == None), foreign_keys = [WorkItem.matter_id, WorkItem.line_item_id], viewonly=True ) This throws: AttributeError: '_Null' object has no attribute 'table' That seems to be saying that the second clause in the primaryjoin returns an object of type _Null, but it seems to be expecting something with a "table" attribute. This seems like it should be pretty straightforward to me, am I missing something obvious?

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