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  • "iostat" command different in two equal machines

    - by Oz.
    We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 8 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are - 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st. Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? iostat command on the proper machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 8.97 0.03 4.46 0.19 0.14 86.23 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 1.60 0.69 55.38 587620 47254184 xvdfp2 2.64 1.10 61.04 934786 52091056 xvdfp4 0.86 0.19 41.72 163866 35601920 xvdfp1 4.37 36.59 73.89 31220810 63051504 xvdfp3 8.03 7.08 94.63 6045402 80749184 iostat command on problematic machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 9.29 0.04 5.55 0.26 0.11 84.74 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 2.13 3.34 68.85 246244 5077888 xvdfp1 7.60 74.31 104.88 5480362 7734840 xvdfp3 13.22 73.67 125.00 5433386 9218600 xvdfp4 1.11 0.76 65.08 55762 4799248 xvdfp2 4.16 3.31 99.17 243818 7313264 Many thanks for the help.

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  • Can the expect utility handle a case where the process it spawns also spawns a sub process?

    - by davidparks21
    I'm trying to use expect to handle rsync over an ssh shell, but it gets stuck. If I run my rsync command it works (simplified here): It prompts me for my password and copies files to the server: rsync -e ssh -<other_params> If I then enclose that in expect: expect -d -c "spawn rsync -e ssh -<other_params>" -c "expect password:" -c "send mypass\r" It does not execute properly, the program exists and no files are copied. Even the debug mode isn't giving many clues. My best guess is that rsync is spawning the ssh process, and the ssh process is what needs to be interacted with, but send is picking up the rsync process id and sending the input there. Any thoughts?

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  • When does `cron.daily` run?

    - by warren
    When do entries in cron.daily (and .weekly and .hourly) run, and is it configurable? I haven't found a definitive answer to this, and am hoping there is one. I'm running RHEL5 and CentOS 4, but for other distros/platforms would be great, too.

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  • crontab: question about a special case of the dash character in the time field spec

    - by mdpc
    In the SuSE /etc/crontab the entry to run the cron.{hourly,daily,monthly,weekly} scripts is coded as: -*/15 * * * * root test -x /usr/lib/cron/run-crons && /usr/lib/cron/run-crons /dev/null 2&1 Notice that the very first character of the specification is a dash character (-), and this is NOT a typo. Can somebody explain what the time spec '-*/15' means? BTW, the stuff seems to be running fine. Thanks

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  • How to force mdadm to stop RAID5 array?

    - by lucek
    I have /dev/md127 RAID5 array that consisted of four drives. I managed to hot remove them from the array and currently /dev/md127 does not have any drives: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdd1[0] sda1[1] 304052032 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid0 sda5[1] sdd5[0] 16770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md127 : active raid5 super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/0] [____] unused devices: <none> and mdadm --detail /dev/md127 /dev/md127: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu Sep 6 10:39:57 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Sep 7 17:19:47 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 0 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 0 0 3 removed I've tried to do mdadm --stop /dev/md127 but: mdadm --stop /dev/md127 mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md127:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group? I made sure that it's unmounted, umount -l /dev/md127 and confirmed that it indeed is unmounted: umount /dev/md127 umount: /dev/md127: not mounted I've tried to zero superblock of each drive and I get (for each drive): mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sde1 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sde1 Here's output of lsof|grep md127: lsof|grep md127 md127_rai 276 root cwd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root rtd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root txt unknown /proc/276/exe What else can I do? LVM is not even installed so it can't be a factor.

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  • Confirm that two filesystems are identical, ignoring special files

    - by endolith
    /media/A and /media/B should be identical, but I want to confirm before deleting one. Duplicate file finders don't work, because they'll find two copies of the same file within B, for instance. I only want to confirm that every file in one is identical to the other. diff -qr /media/A/ /media/B/ seems to work, but the output is cluttered with garbage like diff: /media/A//etc/alternatives/ControlPanel: No such file or directory and File /media/A//dev/tty8 is a character special file while file /media/B//dev/tty8 is a character special file I can suppress the former with 2> /dev/null, but I don't know about the latter. rsync -avn /media/A/ /media/B/ also produces a bunch of clutter, like "skipping non-regular file". How can I compare the two trees and just make sure that all the real files exist in both and are identical?

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  • Block unknown users in Pidgin

    - by alfredozn
    How can I block messages from people who isn't in my buddy list in Pidgin? I always receive a lot of bothering messages from people who is not in my list, I have look at all the options in Pidgin but I didn't find where to set this condition.

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  • Three server processes consume no more than 50% of Dual Core CPU

    - by thor
    I have three processes running on Intel Core 2 Duo CPU. From watching output of 'top' and graphs of CPU load (drawn by MRTG, data collection via SNMP) I can see that CPU load is never more than 50%, and, most of the day, when those processes are busy CPU load has a ceiling at 50 %. I mean, CPU load grows up to 50% in the morning and stays there until late evening. My first thought was that only one core was used at 100% thus giving 50% of both CPUs. But, as there are three processes running and from 'top' I see that both cores are being loaded, so this is not the case. schedtool shows that CPU affinity for those three processes is at default, 0x03, allowing them to use both cores. If I force one process to one core (schedtool -a 0x01), and two others to second (schedtool -a 0x02), cumulative usage grows beyond 50%. Why three processes seem to consume only 50% of two cores? Why forcing them to different CPUs allows usage to grow higher? Any hints? P.S. Processes in question are Counter-Strike servers.

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  • What's going on with traceroute?

    - by Kevin
    The following is what happens when I run traceroute from a certain location: # traceroute google.com traceroute to google.com (74.125.227.39), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 gateway.local.enactpc.com (10.0.0.1) 0.138 ms 0.101 ms 0.084 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * 12 * * * 13 * * * 14 * * * 15 * * * 16 * * * 17 * * * 18 * * * 19 * * * 20 * * * 21 * * * 22 * * * 23 * * * 24 * * * 25 * * * 26 * * * 27 * * * 28 * * * 29 * * * 30 * * * Absolutely nothing of interest... Now, originally I thought this was just a fact of the location's network set up. (I assume they block pings or something...) However, watch what happens when I use nmap to run a traceroute... # nmap -sP --traceroute google.com Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2012-09-25 22:18 CDT Nmap scan report for google.com (74.125.227.40) Host is up (0.034s latency). Hostname google.com resolves to 11 IPs. Only scanned 74.125.227.40 rDNS record for 74.125.227.40: dfw06s06-in-f8.1e100.net TRACEROUTE (using proto 1/icmp) HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.19 ms gateway.local.enactpc.com (10.0.0.1) 2 1.93 ms 99-20-92-1.lightspeed.austtx.sbcglobal.net (99.20.92.1) 3 25.61 ms 99-20-92-2.lightspeed.austtx.sbcglobal.net (99.20.92.2) 4 ... 6 7 23.68 ms 12.83.68.137 8 31.30 ms gar23.dlstx.ip.att.net (12.122.85.73) 9 ... 10 31.82 ms 72.14.233.65 11 32.27 ms 209.85.250.77 12 32.98 ms dfw06s06-in-f8.1e100.net (74.125.227.40) Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.29 seconds When using nmap I get A LOT more results than with traceroute, why? Note, I checked, and the difference in target IP addresses is not related...

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  • TFTP PUT Failing Across Hosts

    - by Jason
    I have a TFTP server installed on a CentOS host. /etc/xinetd.d/tftp: service tftp { disable = no socket_type = dgram protocol = udp wait = yes user = root server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd server_args = -c -s /var/lib/tftpboot per_source = 11 cps = 100 2 flags = IPv4 } If I try to PUT a file from a remote host to the host running the TFTP server, I get Transfer Timed Out - however, it does create the file in /var/lib/tftpboot but the file is empty. If I tftp from the tftp server to itself (localhost) and PUT a file, it works fine. I have verified that SELinux is disabled and IPTables are turned off. I can connect from the remote hosts with no issue - just seems to be the PUT I have issue with: [root@SVR01 TEST]# tftp 10.100.2.15 tftp> status Connected to 10.100.2.15. Mode: netascii Verbose: off Tracing: off Literal: off Rexmt-interval: 5 seconds, Max-timeout: 25 seconds tftp>

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  • How to remove Games on Fedora 14?

    - by user44212
    While installing the fedora desktop I had unchecked the Games and Entertainment section but I can still see the same Games options available in the menu. I tried checking the same in the Add/Remove Programs but I was not able to get the option for uninstalling the same. Games which are present are: AisleRiot Solitaire, lagno, Mines and Sudoku I would like to delete the games options available. Can someone help me doing the same?

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  • Difference between ps output and top output?

    - by Soumya Prasad Ukil
    I find it difficult to understand the output produced by ps and top? This is the output by top: PID PSID USERNAME TID PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME CPU COMMAND 26439 23712 soumyau 26439 15 0 7512M 5234M sleep 286:25 16.67% or_lse2 (18) 26523 23712 soumyau 26439 -2 0 7512M 5234M cpu9 143:10 8.33% or_lse2 26522 23712 soumyau 26439 -2 0 7512M 5234M cpu3 143:10 8.33% or_lse2 This is by ps (ps -L -p 26439 -o pcpu,psr,pid,user,tid): %CPU PSR PID USER TID 99.9 3 26439 soumyau 26522 99.9 9 26439 soumyau 26523 0.0 8 26439 soumyau 26439 Why are there differences in two result? Can you briefly explain the significance of the two CPU% ?

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  • pam_tally2 causing unwanted lockouts with SCOM or Nervecenter

    - by Chris
    We use pam_tally2 in our system-auth config file which works fine for users. With services such as SCOM or Nervecenter it causes lockouts. Same behavior on RHEL5 and RHEL6 This is /etc/pam.d/nervecenter #%PAM-1.0 # Sample NerveCenter/RHEL6 PAM configuration # This PAM registration file avoids use of the deprecated pam_stack.so module. auth include system-auth account required pam_nologin.so account include system-auth and this is /etc/pam.d/system-auth auth sufficient pam_centrifydc.so auth requisite pam_centrifydc.so deny account sufficient pam_centrifydc.so account requisite pam_centrifydc.so deny session required pam_centrifydc.so homedir password sufficient pam_centrifydc.so try_first_pass password requisite pam_centrifydc.so deny auth required pam_tally2.so deny=6 onerr=fail auth required pam_env.so auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 500 quiet auth required pam_deny.so account required pam_unix.so account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid < 500 quiet account required pam_permit.so password requisite pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 minclass=3 minlen=8 lcredit=1 ucredit=1 dcredit=1 ocredit=1 difok=1 password sufficient pam_unix.so sha512 shadow try_first_pass use_authtok remember=8 password required pam_deny.so session optional pam_keyinit.so revoke session required pam_limits.so session [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service in crond quiet use_uid session required pam_unix.so The login does work but it also triggers the pam_tally counter up until it hits 6 "false" logins. Is there any pam-ninjas around that could spot the issue? Thanks.

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  • "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" when booting to new kernel

    - by salparadise
    I am trying to upgrade my kernel from 2.6.18-274 to 2.6.39 for some wireless card drivers. When I boot into the new kernel I get the "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" googling led me to this page http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_kernel_problems#Can.27t_find_root_filesystem_.2F_error_mounting_.2Fdev.2Froot From what I am reading seems to be an issue with a driver for my SATA controller or HD, but I can't find what option I need to add to the kernel. Doing a diff from the old initrd to the new one gives me the following: root-> diff /tmp/kafter /tmp/kbefore 6a7,8 > lib/dm-message.ko > lib/dm-region_hash.ko 8a11 > lib/dm-raid45.ko 13d15 < lib/dm-region-hash.ko 16a19 > lib/dm-mem-cache.ko Do I need any of those? not sure if I would need dm-raid45.ko as I am not running a raid. I have the same SATA and IDE options configured for both kernels so not sure what else to look for, any help is appreciated. Additionally here is the HW info: 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FW (ICH6/ICH6W) SATA Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 8f [Master SecP SecO PriP PriO]) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Unknown device 3006 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 233 I/O ports at 1818 [size=8] I/O ports at 1830 [size=4] I/O ports at 1820 [size=8] I/O ports at 1834 [size=4] I/O ports at 14f0 [size=16] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 root-> smartctl -a /dev/sda ... === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD5000AADS-00S9B0

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  • Ubuntu terminal questions

    - by Camran
    I am wondering about my VPS providers ubuntu terminal. Are all these terminals the same? I think they are so user-UN-friendly. I can't copy-paste into the terminal, when I try opening textfiles, I can't scroll up and down easily. I cant save easily. Nothing is easy... Is it always like this with Ubuntu? Is there any way to make it easier? I use windows but I login to my vps provider with login details and then simply click "terminal" to open the terminal. Please help me out here

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  • Why does sshd give a different identification when connecting through netcat?

    - by Robbie Mckennie
    I have been attempting to create a way to ssh into a machine hiding behind a firewall. I set up my ssh client with the option Proxycommand /usr/bin/ncat -l 2000, and then I connect it to sshd with ncat <client> 2000 -c "sshd -i" on the server. It works in that I can get a shell on the server, but the server sends a different key than when I use normal ssh. So the question is, why? Is the key different when sshd is called in this unusual way?

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  • Second network card configuration not working.

    - by Sebas
    I have 4 servers running Centos 5. All of them have two ethernet network cards. I have configured 192.168.1.x IP addresses on their eth0 card. They are all connected to the same switch using their eth0 card and they are all working. I have configured 10.72.11.x IP addresses on their eth1 card.They are all connected to the same switch - a different one from the switch used with eth0 card - using their eth1 card and they are NOT all working. Their configuration files is like: DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=10.72.11.236 BROADCAST=10.72.11.191 NETMASK=255.255.255.192 NETWORK=10.72.11.128 HWADDR=84:2B:2B:55:4B:98 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes ONBOOT=yes The interfase is starting and configured as I need. [root@sql1 network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:55:4B:97 inet addr:192.168.1.105 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::862b:2bff:fe55:4b97/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2981 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:319 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:386809 (377.7 KiB) TX bytes:66134 (64.5 KiB) Interrupt:36 Memory:da000000-da012800 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:55:4B:98 inet addr:10.72.11.236 Bcast:10.72.11.191 Mask:255.255.255.192 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Interrupt:48 Memory:dc000000-dc012800 I also added a route-eth1 file that looks like: 10.0.0.0/8 via 10.72.11.254 Routing looks fine to me: [root@sql1 network-scripts]# netstat -rn Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 10.72.11.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 10.72.11.254 255.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 But I cannot ping one server from the other. [root@sql1 network-scripts]# ping 10.72.11.235 PING 10.72.11.235 (10.72.11.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 10.72.11.235 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6033ms , pipe 3 What am I doing wrong?

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  • lshw tells me my processor is a 64 bits but my motherboard has a 32 bits width

    - by bpetit
    Recently I noticed lshw tells me a strange thing. Here is the first part of my lshw output: bpetit-1025c description: Notebook product: 1025C (1025C) vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. version: x.x serial: C3OAAS000774 width: 32 bits capabilities: smbios-2.7 dmi-2.7 smp-1.4 smp configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook cpus=2 family=Eee PC... *-core description: Motherboard product: 1025C vendor: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. physical id: 0 version: x.xx serial: EeePC-0123456789 slot: To be filled by O.E.M. *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: American Megatrends Inc. physical id: 0 version: 1025C.0701 date: 01/06/2012 size: 64KiB capacity: 1984KiB capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd... *-cpu:0 description: CPU product: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N2800 @ 1.86GHz vendor: Intel Corp. physical id: 4 bus info: cpu@0 version: 6.6.1 serial: 0003-0661-0000-0000-0000-0000 slot: CPU 1 size: 798MHz capacity: 1865MHz width: 64 bits clock: 533MHz capabilities: x86-64 boot fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc ... configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=1 id=2 threads=2 *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: 5 slot: L1-Cache size: 24KiB capacity: 24KiB capabilities: internal write-back unified *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: 6 slot: L2-Cache size: 512KiB capacity: 512KiB capabilities: internal varies unified *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.1 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.2 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.3 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.4 width: 64 bits capabilities: logical *-memory description: System Memory physical id: 13 slot: System board or motherboard size: 2GiB *-bank:0 description: SODIMM [empty] product: [Empty] vendor: [Empty] physical id: 0 serial: [Empty] slot: DIMM0 *-bank:1 description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1066 MHz (0.9 ns) product: SSZ3128M8-EAEEF vendor: Xicor physical id: 1 serial: 00000004 slot: DIMM1 size: 2GiB width: 64 bits clock: 1066MHz (0.9ns) *-cpu:1 physical id: 1 bus info: cpu@1 version: 6.6.1 serial: 0003-0661-0000-0000-0000-0000 size: 798MHz capacity: 798MHz capabilities: ht cpufreq configuration: id=2 *-logicalcpu:0 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.1 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:1 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.2 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:2 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.3 capabilities: logical *-logicalcpu:3 description: Logical CPU physical id: 2.4 capabilities: logical So here I see my processor is effectively a 64 bits one. However, I'm wondering how my motherboard can have a "32 bits width". I've browsed the web to find an answer, without success. I imagine it's just a technical fact that I don't know about. Thanks.

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  • Can I automatically add a new host to known_hosts ?

    - by gareth_bowles
    Here's my situation; I'm setting up a test harness that will, from a central client, launch a number of virtual machine instances and then execute commands on them via SSH. The virtual machines will have previously unused hostnames and IP addresses, so they won't be in the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file on the central client. The problem I'm having is that the first SSH command run against a new virtual instance always comes up with an interactive prompt: The authenticity of host '[hostname] ([IP address])' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is [key fingerprint]. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? Is there a way that I can bypass this and get the new host to be already known to the client machine, maybe by using a public key that's already baked into the virtual machine image ? I'd really like to avoid having to use Expect or whatever to answer the interactive prompt if I can.

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  • Ubuntu12.04 - launched applications, not staying in same desktop

    - by Anders Metnik
    My question is why a launched application, if it has loading time like netbeans, eclipse jdeveloper etc. If i go to desktop3 and launch an application and then go to desktop 2 while I wait, then when it has loaded the application will launch in desktop2. Is there anyway to change this? I find it highly annoying since i on startup would like to launch 3-4 big applications, leave my computer while loadingf, and then return. But i cant leave since i have to launch them sequential instead of simultaneous... Help please :-)

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  • How can I recover an ext4 filesystem corrupted after a fsck?

    - by Regan
    I have an ext4 filesystem on luks over software raid5. The filesystem was operating "just fine" for several years when I was beginning to run out of space. I had a 9T volume on 6x2T drives. I began upgrading to 3T drives by doing the mdadm fail, remove, add, rebuild, repeat process until I had a larger array. I then grew the luks container, and then when I unmounted and tried to resize2fs I was given the message the filesystem was dirty and needed e2fsck. Without thinking I just did e2fsck -y /dev/mapper/candybox and it began spewing all kinds of inode being removed type messages (can't remember exactly) I killed e2fsck and tried to remount the filesystem to backup data I was concerned about. When trying to mount at this point I get: # mount /dev/mapper/candybox /candybox mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/candybox, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Looking back at my older logs I noticed the filesystem was giving this error each time the machine booted: kernel: [79137.275531] EXT4-fs (dm-2): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended So shame on me for not paying attention :( I then tried to mount using every backup superblock (one after another) and each attempt left this in my log: EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 0 failed (26534!=65440) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 1 failed (38021!=36729) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 2 failed (18336!=39845) ... EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 11911 failed (28743!=44098) BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 23s! [mount:2939] Attempts to restart e2fsck results in: # e2fsck /dev/mapper/candybox e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... candy: recovering journal e2fsck: unable to set superblock flags on candy At this point, I decided it best to order some more drives and make an image using ddrescue Now two weeks later I have an image of the luks partition in a .img file. # ls -lh total 14T -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14T Oct 25 01:57 candybox.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Oct 20 14:32 candybox.logfile After numerous attempts using everything I could find online I could not coerce e2fsck to do anything on the image, so I used mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S and I was able to mount the dirty filesystem readonly without the journal and recover 960G of data. It gave all kinds of errors of various directories not existing and so forth but I was able to get some stuff. Which gave me some hope! I then ran e2fsck again and it had to recreate the root inode and gave a massive list of correcting group counts, I accepted the root inode creation and said no to everything else, leaving a completely empty filesystem. Re-ran again and said yes to all questions with the same result but now a "clean" but empty filesystem. extundelete gives me 0 recoverable inodes found. And now I'm stuck again, I can't come up with any other methods other than dropping to something like photorec which will give me an absolute mess with how large the filesystem was. I'm willing to re-copy the image from the original array and start over, if I can get any suggestions or ideas on a way to get more of my files back. I wish I could give more detailed logs of the commands that have run, but the output is long scrolled passed except for what gets logged to syslog and my memory is not as detailed due to the timeframe this has occurred over. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • Ubuntu hardware wireless switch has no effect after suspend and 13.10 upgrade

    - by blaineh
    I'm posting this on SU after it stalled on askubuntu. I hope someone here can help! If you'd prefer to answer on AU itself, here's the link: http://askubuntu.com/questions/365177/hardware-wireless-switch-has-no-effect-after-suspend-and-13-10-upgrade Wireless works fine after a reboot, but after a suspend the hardware switch (for my laptop this is f12) has no effect on the wireless, it is just permanently off, and shows that it is with a red LED. My rfkill list all reads: 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 1: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes Any combination with rfkill <un>block wifi doesn't work, although one time first blocking then unblocking actually turned it on again. sudo lshw -C network reads: *-network DISABLED description: Wireless interface product: AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) vendor: Qualcomm Atheros physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: wlan0 version: 01 serial: 78:e4:00:65:2e:3f width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=3.11.0-12-generic firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn resources: irq:17 memory:90100000-9010ffff *-network DISABLED description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 02 serial: c8:0a:a9:89:b4:30 size: 10Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=half latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=MII speed=10Mbit/s resources: irq:42 ioport:2000(size=256) memory:90010000-90010fff memory:90000000-9000ffff memory:90020000-9002ffff Also, adding a /etc/pm/sleep.d/brcm.sh file as recommended here simply prevents the laptop from suspending at all, which of course is no good. This question has an answer urging to install the original driver, but it wasn't an "accepted answer" so I'd rather not take a chance on it. Also I'll admit I'm a bit lost on that and would like help doing so with the specific information I've given. I would be happy to provide more information, so long as you're willing to help me find it for you! This is a very annoying bug. I have a Compaq Presario CQ62. Edit. Output of lspci | grep Network: 02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01) Edit. This morning, I had had the laptop suspended all night, and then when I tried to awake it, it simply wouldn't. It would try, and then it would sleep again (I guess it felt a little bit like me! </badjoke>). Is it possible these problems are related? Edit. I don't have enough reputation on SU proper to post links to pastebins and other questions I've tried, so I'm putting them in comments, and of course they're available in the original question.

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  • How to get Bash shell history range

    - by Aniti
    How can I get/filter history entries in a specific range? I have a large history file and frequently use history | grep somecommand Now, my memory is pretty bad and I also want to see what else I did around the time I entered the command. For now I do this: get match, say 4992 somecommand, then I do history | grep 49[0-9][0-9] this is usually good enough, but I would much rather do it more precisely, that is see commands from 4972 to 5012, that is 20 commands before and 20 after. I am wondering if there is an easier way? I suspect, a custom script is in order, but perhaps someone else has done something similar before.

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