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• Send raw data to USB parallel port after upgrading to 11.10 oneiric

  - by zaphod

  I have a laser cutter connected via a generic USB to parallel adapter. The laser cutter speaks HPGL, as it happens, but since this is a laser cutter and not a plotter, I usually want to generate the HPGL myself, since I care about the ordering, speed, and direction of cuts and so on. In previous versions of Ubuntu, I was able to print to the cutter by copying an HPGL file directly to the corresponding USB "lp" device. For example: cp foo.plt /dev/usblp1 Well, I just upgraded to Ubuntu 11.10 oneiric, and I can't find any "lp" devices in /dev anymore. D'oh! What's the preferred way to send raw data to a parallel port in Ubuntu? I've tried System Settings Printing + Add, hoping that I might be able to associate my device with some kind of "raw printer" driver and print to it with a command like lp -d LaserCutter foo.plt But my USB to parallel adapter doesn't seem to show up in the list. What I do see are my HP Color LaserJet, two USB-to-serial adapters, "Enter URI", and "Network Printer". Meanwhile, over in /dev, I do see /dev/ttyUSB0 and /dev/ttyUSB1 devices for the 2 USB-to-serial adapters. I don't see anything obvious corresponding to the HP printer (which was /dev/usblp0 prior to the upgrade), except for generic USB stuff. For example, sudo find /dev | grep lp produces no output. I do seem to be able to print to the HP printer just fine, though. The printer setup GUI gives it a device URI starting with "hp:" which isn't much help for the parallel adapter. The CUPS administrator's guide makes it sound like I might need to feed it a device URI of the form parallel:/dev/SOMETHING, but of course if I had a /dev/SOMETHING I'd probably just go on writing to it directly. Here's what dmesg says after I disconnect and reconnect the device from the USB port: [ 924.722906] usb 1-1.1.4: USB disconnect, device number 7 [ 959.993002] usb 1-1.1.4: new full speed USB device number 8 using ehci_hcd And here's how it shows up in lsusb -v: Bus 001 Device 008: ID 1a86:7584 QinHeng Electronics CH340S Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 1.10 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 8 idVendor 0x1a86 QinHeng Electronics idProduct 0x7584 CH340S bcdDevice 2.52 iManufacturer 0 iProduct 2 USB2.0-Print iSerial 0 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 32 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x80 (Bus Powered) MaxPower 96mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 7 Printer bInterfaceSubClass 1 Printer bInterfaceProtocol 2 Bidirectional iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0020 1x 32 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0020 1x 32 bytes bInterval 0 Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered)

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• convert decrypted .vobs to .avi with ffmpeg on ubuntu

  - by Arcath

  I have a .vob file that has bee ripped from a dvd, when I watch the .vob its very good quality video and 5.1 english audio but when I use ffmpeg it has rubbish video and mono french audio. That was using this command: ffmpeg -i /samba/ripping/vobs/12161840#2.vob -f avi /samba/ripping/avis/test.avi I've tried a few different variations on that but it never comes back with anything good just bigger files with bad video and incorrect sound. I know the videos good and the correct audio streams exist so how do I select a 5.1 track and get good video? ffmpeg gives the .vob details as: Input #0, mpeg, from '/samba/ripping/vobs/12161840#2.vob': Duration: 00:42:05.56, start: 0.287267, bitrate: 5738 kb/s Stream #0.0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video, yuv420p, 720x576 [PAR 64:45 DAR 16:9], 8436 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc Stream #0.1[0x80]: Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, 5.1, s16, 384 kb/s Stream #0.2[0x81]: Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, 5.1, s16, 384 kb/s Stream #0.3[0x82]: Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, mono, s16, 192 kb/s Output #0, avi, to '/samba/ripping/avis/test.avi': Metadata: ISFT : Lavf52.64.2 Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 720x576 [PAR 64:45 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 tbn, 25 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: mp2, 48000 Hz, mono, s16, 64 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.3 -> #0.1

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• KVM error with device pass through

  - by javano

  I am running the following command booting a Debian live CD passing a host PCI device to the guest as a test and KVM errors out; kvm -m 512 -boot c -net none -hda /media/AA502592502565F3/debian.iso -device pci-assign,host=07:00.0 PCI region 1 at address 0xf7920000 has size 0x80, which is not a multiple of 4K. You might experience some performance hit due to that. No IOMMU found. Unable to assign device "(null)" kvm: -device pci-assign,host=07:00.0: Device 'pci-assign' could not be initialized lspci | grep 07 07:00.0 Ethernet controller: 3Com Corporation 3c905C-TX/TX-M [Tornado] (rev 74) I shoved an old spare NIC into my motherboard to test PCI pass through. I have searched the Internet with Goolge and found that errors relating to "No IOMMU found" often mean the PCI device is not supported by KVM. Does KVM have to support the device being "passed-through"? I though the point was to pass the device through and let the guest worry about it? Ultimately I want to pass-through a PCI random number generator, is this not going to be possible with KVM? Thank you.

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• LSI SAS 9240-8i on Ubuntu 12.04 Hangs on Modprobe

  - by Francois Stark

  I used the LSI 9240-8i card on a smaller Intel motherboard with no problems in Ubuntu, with ZFS. However, we rebuilt the server to allow for more disks, using the ASROCK X79 Extreme 11 motherboard. It has 7 PCIe slots, and a LSI 2008 on-board. At first I thought the LSI 9240, when plugged in to PCIe, clashed with the on-board LSI 2008. Every time I plugged in the LSI 9240, modprobe would hang. Then I completely disabled the on-board LSI 2008, and the problem persisted. Last night it booted perfectly ONCE - all LSI cards and connected disks visible... However, all subsequent reboots failed. Both LSI cards' bios scans appear and they both see the disks connected to them, but Ubuntu modprobe hangs. Some selected dmesg lines, with both LSI cards enabled: [ 190.752100] megasas: [ 0]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 195.772071] megasas: [ 5]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 200.792079] megasas: [10]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 205.812078] megasas: [15]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 210.832037] megasas: [20]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 215.852077] megasas: [25]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 220.872072] megasas: [30]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 225.892078] megasas: [35]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 230.912086] megasas: [40]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 235.932075] megasas: [45]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 240.306157] usb 2-1.5: USB disconnect, device number 7 [ 240.952076] megasas: [50]waiting for 1 commands to complete [ 240.960034] INFO: task modprobe:233 blocked for more than 120 seconds. [ 240.960055] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. [ 240.960067] modprobe D ffffffff81806200 0 233 146 0x00000004 [ 240.960075] ffff880806ae3b48 0000000000000086 ffff880806ae3ae8 ffffffff8101adf3 [ 240.960083] ffff880806ae3fd8 ffff880806ae3fd8 ffff880806ae3fd8 0000000000013780 [ 240.960090] ffffffff81c0d020 ffff880806acae00 ffff880806ae3b58 ffff880808961720 [ 240.960096] Call Trace: [ 240.960107] [<ffffffff8101adf3>] ? native_sched_clock+0x13/0x80 [ 240.960116] [<ffffffff816579cf>] schedule+0x3f/0x60 [ 240.960137] [<ffffffffa00093f5>] megasas_issue_blocked_cmd+0x75/0xb0 [megaraid_sas] [ 240.960144] [<ffffffff8108aa50>] ? add_wait_queue+0x60/0x60 [ 240.960154] [<ffffffffa000a6c9>] megasas_get_seq_num+0xd9/0x260 [megaraid_sas] [ 240.960164] [<ffffffffa000ab31>] megasas_start_aen+0x31/0x60 [megaraid_sas] [ 240.960174] [<ffffffffa00136f1>] megasas_probe_one+0x69a/0x81c [megaraid_sas] [ 240.960182] [<ffffffff813345bc>] local_pci_probe+0x5c/0xd0 [ 240.960189] [<ffffffff81335e89>] __pci_device_probe+0xf9/0x100 [ 240.960197] [<ffffffff8130ce6a>] ? kobject_get+0x1a/0x30 [ 240.960205] [<ffffffff81335eca>] pci_device_probe+0x3a/0x60 [ 240.960212] [<ffffffff813f5278>] really_probe+0x68/0x190 [ 240.960217] [<ffffffff813f5505>] driver_probe_device+0x45/0x70 [ 240.960223] [<ffffffff813f55db>] __driver_attach+0xab/0xb0 [ 240.960227] [<ffffffff813f5530>] ? driver_probe_device+0x70/0x70 [ 240.960233] [<ffffffff813f5530>] ? driver_probe_device+0x70/0x70 [ 240.960237] [<ffffffff813f436c>] bus_for_each_dev+0x5c/0x90 [ 240.960243] [<ffffffff813f503e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20 [ 240.960248] [<ffffffff813f4c90>] bus_add_driver+0x1a0/0x270 [ 240.960255] [<ffffffffa001e000>] ? 0xffffffffa001dfff [ 240.960260] [<ffffffff813f5b46>] driver_register+0x76/0x140 [ 240.960266] [<ffffffffa001e000>] ? 0xffffffffa001dfff [ 240.960271] [<ffffffff81335b66>] __pci_register_driver+0x56/0xd0 [ 240.960277] [<ffffffffa001e000>] ? 0xffffffffa001dfff [ 240.960286] [<ffffffffa001e09e>] megasas_init+0x9e/0x1000 [megaraid_sas] [ 240.960294] [<ffffffff81002040>] do_one_initcall+0x40/0x180 [ 240.960301] [<ffffffff810a82fe>] sys_init_module+0xbe/0x230 [ 240.960307] [<ffffffff81661ec2>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b [ 240.960314] INFO: task scsi_scan_7:349 blocked for more than 120 seconds.

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• Does HDC use alpha channel?

  - by Crend King

  Hello. Is there a way I can determine if an HDC uses alpha channel? I read Question 333559 and Question 685684, but their questions are about BITMAP. Apparently, some HDC has alpha channel (though they may not use it. Call this "Type 1") while others do not ("Type 2"). I know this by doing the following: Given a HDC, Create a compatible DC, and create a DIB section. Select the created HBITMAP into the compatible DC. BitBlt the source HDC to the compatible DC. Now examine the DIB section bits. For type 2 HDC, after every 3 bytes there is a byte always 0 (like 255 255 255 0); for type 1, these bytes are usualy 255 (like 250 240 230 255). To avoid false positive, I memset the bits to all 0x80 prior to the calls. Use GetDIBits directly on the source HDC, specify the HBITMAP as GetCurrentObject(hdc, OBJ_BITMAP). For both types of HDC, the 4th bytes are always 0. Change the DC bitmap by calling ExtTextOut. For type 2, ExtTextOut always set the 4th bytes to 0. For type 1, ExtTextOut always leave them untouched. I also noticed that the source HDC that are created by APIs (CreateCompatibleDC(), BeginPaint() ...) are always type 2. Type 1 HDC are from standard controls (like menu text). Even the HDC I CreateCompatibleDC from a type 1 becomes a type 2. So, on one hand, I'm frustrated that Microsoft does not provide equal information to developers (another example may be that you cannot know the direction of a HBITMAP after it is created), on the other hand, I'm still wondering is there a way to distinguish these HDC. Thanks for help.

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• Problem with stack based implementation of function 0x42 of int 0x13

  - by IceCoder

  I'm trying a new approach to int 0x13 (just to learn more about the way the system works): using stack to create a DAP.. Assuming that DL contains the disk number, AX contains the address of the bootable entry in PT, DS is updated to the right segment and the stack is correctly set, this is the code: push DWORD 0x00000000 add ax, 0x0008 mov si, ax push DWORD [ds:(si)] push DWORD 0x00007c00 push WORD 0x0001 push WORD 0x0010 push ss pop ds mov si, sp mov sp, bp mov ah, 0x42 int 0x13 As you can see: I push the dap structure onto the stack, update DS:SI in order to point to it, DL is already set, then set AX to 0x42 and call int 0x13 the result is error 0x01 in AH and obviously CF set. No sectors are transferred. I checked the stack trace endlessly and it is ok, the partition table is ok too.. I cannot figure out what I'm missing... This is the stack trace portion of the disk address packet: 0x000079ea: 10 00 adc %al,(%bx,%si) 0x000079ec: 01 00 add %ax,(%bx,%si) 0x000079ee: 00 7c 00 add %bh,0x0(%si) 0x000079f1: 00 00 add %al,(%bx,%si) 0x000079f3: 08 00 or %al,(%bx,%si) 0x000079f5: 00 00 add %al,(%bx,%si) 0x000079f7: 00 00 add %al,(%bx,%si) 0x000079f9: 00 a0 07 be add %ah,-0x41f9(%bx,%si) I'm using qemu latest version and trying to read from hard drive (0x80), have also tried with a 4bytes alignment for the structure with the same result (CF 1 AH 0x01), the extensions are present.

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• BinaryWriterWith7BitEncoding & BinaryReaderWith7BitEncoding

  - by Tim

  Mr. Ayende wrote in his latest blog post about an implementation of a queue. In the post he's using two magical files: BinaryWriterWith7BitEncoding & BinaryReaderWith7BitEncoding BinaryWriterWith7BitEncoding can write both int and long? using the following method signatures: void WriteBitEncodedNullableInt64(long? value) & void Write7BitEncodedInt(int value) and BinaryReaderWith7BitEncoding can read the values written using the following method signatures: long? ReadBitEncodedNullableInt64() and int Read7BitEncodedInt() So far I've only managed to find a way to read the 7BitEncodedInt: protected int Read7BitEncodedInt() { int value = 0; int byteval; int shift = 0; while(((byteval = ReadByte()) & 0x80) != 0) { value |= ((byteval & 0x7F) << shift); shift += 7; } return (value | (byteval << shift)); } I'm not too good with byte shifting - does anybody know how to read and write the 7BitEncoded long? and write the int ?

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• verifying the signature of x509

  - by sid

  Hi All, While verifying the certificate I am getting EVP_F_EVP_PKEY_GET1_DH My Aim - Verify the certificate signature. I am having 2 certificates : 1. a CA certificate 2. certificate issued by CA. I extracted the 'RSA Public Key (key)' Modulus From CA Certificate using, pPublicKey = X509_get_pubkey(x509); buf_len = (size_t) BN_num_bytes (bn); key = (unsigned char *)malloc (buf_len); n = BN_bn2bin (bn, (unsigned char *) key); if (n != buf_len) LOG(ERROR," : key error\n"); if (key[0] & 0x80) LOG(DEBUG, "00\n"); Now, I have CA public key & CA key length and also having certificate issued by CA in buffer, buffer length & public key. To verify the signature, I have following code int iRet1, iRet2, iRet3, iReason; iRet1 = EVP_VerifyInit(&md_ctx, EVP_sha1()); iRet2 = EVP_VerifyUpdate(&md_ctx, buf, buflen); iRet3 = EVP_VerifyFinal(&md_ctx, (const unsigned char *)CAkey, CAkeyLen, pubkey); iReason = ERR_get_error(); if(ERR_GET_REASON(iReason) == EVP_F_EVP_PKEY_GET1_DH) { LOG(ERROR, "EVP_F_EVP_PKEY_GET1_DH\n"); } LOG(INFO,"EVP_VerifyInit returned %d : EVP_VerifyUpdate returned %d : EVP_VerifyFinal = %d \n", iRet1, iRet2, iRet3); EVP_MD_CTX_cleanup(&md_ctx); EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey); if (iRet3 != 1) { LOG(ERROR,"EVP_VerifyFinal() failed\n"); ret = -1; } LOG(INFO,"signature is valid\n"); I am unable to figure out What might went wrong??? Please if anybody faced same issues? What EVP_F_EVP_PKEY_GET1_DH Error means? Thanks in Advance - opensid

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• x509 certificate verification in C

  - by sid

  Hi All, I do have certificates in DER and PEM format, My goal is to retrieve the fields of Issuer and Subject And verify the Certificate with the CA public key and simultaneously verify CA certificate with the Root public key. I am able to retrieve all the details of issuer and subject But unable to verify the certificate. Please help. The API's used, x509 = d2i_X509_fp (fp, &x509); //READING DER Format x509 = PEM_read_X509 (fp, &x509, NULL, NULL); //READING PEM Format X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x509), subject, sizeof (subject)); //to retrive the Subject X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x509), issuer, sizeof (issuer)); //to retrive the Issuer // to store the CA public key (in unsigned char *key)that will be used to verify the certificate (My case Always sha1WithRSAEncryption) RSA *x = X509_get_pubkey(x509)->pkey.rsa; bn = x->n; //extracts the bytes from public key & convert into unsigned char buffer buf_len = (size_t) BN_num_bytes (bn); stored_CA_pubKey = (unsigned char *)malloc (buf_len); i_n = BN_bn2bin (bn, (unsigned char *)stored_CA_pubKey); if (i_n != buf_len) LOG(ERROR," : key error\n"); if (key[0] & 0x80) LOG(DEBUG, "00\n"); stored_CA_pubKeyLen = EVP_PKEY_size(X509_get_pubkey(x509)); For Verification I went through different approaches but unable to verify a) i_x509_verify = X509_verify(cert_x509, ca_pubkey); b) /* verify the signature */ int iRet1, iRet2, iReason; iRet1 = EVP_VerifyInit(&md_ctx, EVP_sha1()); iRet2 = EVP_VerifyUpdate(&md_ctx, cert_code, cert_code_len); rv = EVP_VerifyFinal(&md_ctx, (const unsigned char *)stored_CA_pubKey, stored_CA_pubKeyLen, cert_pubkey); NOTE : cert_code & stored_CA_pubKey is unsigned char buffer. Thanks in Advance

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• where did the _syscallN macros go in <linux/unistd.h>?

  - by Evan Teran

  It used to be the case that if you needed to make a system call directly in linux without the use of an existing library, you could just include <linux/unistd.h> and it would define a macro similar to this: #define _syscall3(type,name,type1,arg1,type2,arg2,type3,arg3) \ type name(type1 arg1,type2 arg2,type3 arg3) \ { \ long __res; \ __asm__ volatile ("int $0x80" \ : "=a" (__res) \ : "0" (__NR_##name),"b" ((long)(arg1)),"c" ((long)(arg2)), \ "d" ((long)(arg3))); \ if (__res>=0) \ return (type) __res; \ errno=-__res; \ return -1; \ } Then you could just put somewhere in your code: _syscall3(ssize_t, write, int, fd, const void *, buf, size_t, count); which would define a write function for you that properly performed the system call. It seems that this system has been superseded by something (i am guessing that "[vsyscall]" page that every process gets) more robust. So what is the proper way (please be specific) for a program to perform a system call directly on newer linux kernels? I realize that I should be using libc and let it do the work for me. But let's assume that I have a decent reason for wanting to know how to do this :-).

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• User to kernel mode big picture?

  - by fsdfa

  I've to implement a char device, a LKM. I know some basics about OS, but I feel I don't have the big picture. In a C programm, when I call a syscall what I think it happens is that the CPU is changed to ring0, then goes to the syscall vector and jumps to a kernel memmory space function that handle it. (I think that it does int 0x80 and in eax is the offset of the syscall vector, not sure). Then, I'm in the syscall itself, but I guess that for the kernel is the same process that was before, only that it is in kernel mode, I mean the current PCB is the process that called the syscall. So far... so good?, correct me if something is wrong. Others questions... how can I write/read in process memory?. If in the syscall handler I refer to address, say, 0xbfffffff. What it means that address? physical one? Some virtual kernel one?

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• What do the 'size' numbers mean in the windbg !heap output?

  - by pj4533

  I see output like this in my DMP file: Heap entries for Segment00 in Heap 00150000 00150640: 00640 . 00040 [01] - busy (40) 00150680: 00040 . 01808 [01] - busy (1800) 00151e88: 01808 . 00210 [01] - busy (208) 00152098: 00210 . 00228 [00] 001522c0: 00228 . 00030 [01] - busy (22) 001522f0: 00030 . 00018 [01] - busy (10) 00152308: 00018 . 00048 [01] - busy (3c) The WinDbg docs say this: Heap entries for Segment00 in Heap 250000 0x01 - HEAP_ENTRY_BUSY 0x02 - HEAP_ENTRY_EXTRA_PRESENT 0x04 - HEAP_ENTRY_FILL_PATTERN 0x08 - HEAP_ENTRY_VIRTUAL_ALLOC 0x10 - HEAP_ENTRY_LAST_ENTRY 0x20 - HEAP_ENTRY_SETTABLE_FLAG1 0x40 - HEAP_ENTRY_SETTABLE_FLAG2 Entry Prev Cur 0x80 - HEAP_ENTRY_SETTABLE_FLAG3 Address Size Size flags (Bytes used) (Tag name) 00250000: 00000 . 00b90 [01] - busy (b90) 00250b90: 00b90 . 00038 [01] - busy (38) 00250bc8: 00038 . 00040 [07] - busy (24), tail fill (NTDLL!LDR Database) The spacing is weird in the docs though. Does that mean 'entry address' and 'prev size' and 'cur size', or are the 'entry' 'prev' and 'cur' not for the line below? What does 'prev size' and 'cur size' mean? Especially with regard to 'bytes used'. What is the difference between 'bytes used' and 'cur size'?

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• System Calls in windows & Native API?

  - by claws

  Recently I've been using lot of Assembly language in *NIX operating systems. I was wondering about the windows domain. Calling convention in linux: mov $SYS_Call_NUM, %eax mov $param1 , %ebx mov $param2 , %ecx int $0x80 Thats it. That is how we should make a system call in linux. Reference of all system calls in linux: Regarding which $SYS_Call_NUM & which parameters we can use this reference : http://docs.cs.up.ac.za/programming/asm/derick_tut/syscalls.html OFFICIAL Reference : http://kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/dir_section_2.html Calling convention in Windows: ??? Reference of all system calls in Windows: ??? Unofficial : http://www.metasploit.com/users/opcode/syscalls.html , but how do I use these in assembly unless I know the calling convention. OFFICIAL : ??? If you say, they didn't documented it. Then how is one going to write libc for windows without knowing system calls? How is one gonna do Windows Assembly programming? Atleast in the driver programming one needs to know these. right? Now, whats up with the so called Native API? Is Native API & System calls for windows both are different terms referring to same thing? In order to confirm I compared these from two UNOFFICIAL Sources System Calls: http://www.metasploit.com/users/opcode/syscalls.html Native API: http://undocumented.ntinternals.net/aindex.html My observations: All system calls are beginning with letters Nt where as Native API is consisting of lot of functions which are not beginning with letters Nt. System Call of windows are subset of Native API. System calls are just part of Native API. Can any one confirm this and explain.

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• NULL pointer comparison fails

  - by Ilya

  Hello, I'm initializing in a class a pointer to be NULL. Afterwards I check if it is NULL in the same class. But it's not always 0x0. Sometimes it's 0x8 or 0xfeffffff or 0x3f800000 or 0x80 or other strange stuff. In most case the pointer is 0x0 but sometimes it gets altered somehow. I'm sure that I'm not changing it anywhere in my code. Is there a way it gets changed by "itself"? Here's my code: MeshObject::MeshObject() { mesh.vertexColors = NULL; } MeshObject::MeshObject(const MeshObject &_copyFromMe) { SimpleLog("vertexColors pointer: %p", _copyFromMe.mesh.vertexColors); if (_copyFromMe.mesh.vertexColors != NULL) { SimpleLog("vertexColors"); this->mesh.vertexColors = new tColor4i[_copyFromMe.mesh.vertexCount]; memcpy(this->mesh.vertexColors, _copyFromMe.mesh.vertexColors, _copyFromMe.mesh.vertexCount * sizeof(tColor4i) ); } } My application crashes, because vertexColors wasn't initialized and is being copied. However it is NULL and shouldn't be copied. Thanks.

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• Ububtu server 12.04 auto installation freezes at kickseeding running if ks.cfg has post scripts

  - by john206

  I'm trying to make a custom Ubuntu Server iso file. Kickstart file (ks.cfg) runs smooth when there is no %post in the file and Ubuntu installs correctly with ks configuration. Installation finishes installing base, apt, grub and It echos: Kickseed Running... and it freezes @ 0% I thought may be apt-get update doesnt work in ks file, I tried to install other apps like apache2 but no luck I have created dozen iso images and installed them in Virtual Box.I have been googling for 3 days and checked out ubuntu forums but haven't figured out the issue. I appreciate your help. This is how I made the iso image. My ks.file and txt.cfg files located in isolinux directory: root@ubuntu:/home/work mount -o loop ubuntu-12.04-amd64.iso original-iso/ rsync -a original-iso/ custom-iso/ cp ks.cfg custom-iso/isolinux/ cp txt.cfg custom-iso/isolinux/ chmod -R 777 custom-iso/ #Creating Iso image mkisofs -D -r -V “$IMAGE_NAME” -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ~/ubuntu-12.04-alternate-custom-amd64.iso custom-iso/ ks.cfg #Generated by Kickstart Configurator #platform=AMD64 or Intel EM64T #System language lang en_US #Language modules to install langsupport en_US #System keyboard keyboard us #System mouse mouse #System timezone timezone America/Los_Angeles #Root password rootpw --iscrypted somethingsomething #Initial user user ubuntu --fullname "ubuntu" --iscrypted --password somethingsomething. #Reboot after installation reboot #Use text mode install text #Install OS instead of upgrade install #Use CDROM installation media cdrom #System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr #Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr yes #Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel #Disk partitioning information part /boot --size 128 --fstype=ext3 --asprimary part / --size 512 --fstype=ext3 --asprimary part swap --size 512 part /tmp --size 512 --fstype=ext3 part /var --size 512 --fstype=ext3 part /usr --size 4096 --fstype=ext3 part /home --size 2048 --fstype=ext3 #System authorization infomation auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 #Firewall configuration firewall --disabled --http --ftp --ssh #X Window System configuration information xconfig --depth=32 --resolution=1024x768 --defaultdesktop=GNOME %post apt-get update mkdir /home/user txt.cfg default autoinstall label autoinstall menu label ^Install Custom Ubuntu Server kernel /install/vmlinuz append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg -- label install menu label ^Install Ubuntu Server kernel /install/vmlinuz append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label cloud menu label ^Multiple server install with MAAS kernel /install/vmlinuz append modules=maas-enlist-udeb vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label check menu label ^Check disc for defects kernel /install/vmlinuz append MENU=/bin/cdrom-checker-menu vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label memtest menu label Test ^memory kernel /install/mt86plus label hd menu label ^Boot from first hard disk localboot 0x80

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• Solaris10 x86 mirror. Making second disk booteable when failure

  - by Kani

  Did a mirror (RAID1) with Solaris 10 in x86. Everything OK. Now, I´m trying to make the second disk booteable, this is: from grub or in case of failure of disk1. I edited /boot/grub/menu.lst: #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris 10 9/10 s10x_u9wos_14a X86 findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /platform/i86pc/multiboot module /platform/i86pc/boot_archive #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris failsafe findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /boot/multiboot -s module /boot/amd64/x86.miniroot-safe #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris failsafe findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /boot/multiboot kernel/unix -s module /boot/x86.miniroot-safe #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #Make second disk booteable!!!!!!! title alternate boot findroot (rootfs1,1,a) kernel /boot/multiboot kernel/unix -s module /boot/x86.miniroot-safe But is not working. In the BIOS, when I select "alternate boot" I get: Error 15: 15 file not found also, how to configure to GRUB to make the disk2 to boot in case of error in disk1? Additionally, I did (but not related to GRUB): eeprom altbootpath=/devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a Here is the output of some commands that may help you: /sbin/biosdev 0x80 /pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0 0x81 /pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0 ls -l /dev/dsk/c1t?d0s0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Jul 7 12:01 /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 -> ../../devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0:a lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Jul 7 12:01 /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 -> ../../devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a more /boot/solaris/bootenv.rc setprop ata-dma-enabled '1' setprop atapi-cd-dma-enabled '0' setprop ttyb-rts-dtr-off 'false' setprop ttyb-ignore-cd 'true' setprop ttya-rts-dtr-off 'false' setprop ttya-ignore-cd 'true' setprop ttyb-mode '9600,8,n,1,-' setprop ttya-mode '9600,8,n,1,-' setprop lba-access-ok '1' setprop prealloc-chunk-size '0x2000' setprop bootpath '/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0:a' setprop keyboard-layout 'US-English' setprop console 'text' setprop altbootpath '/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a' cat /etc/vfstab #device device mount FS fsck mount mount #to mount to fsck point type pass at boot options # fd - /dev/fd fd - no - /proc - /proc proc - no - #/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s1 - - swap - no - /dev/md/dsk/d1 - - swap - no - /dev/md/dsk/d0 /dev/md/rdsk/d0 / ufs 1 no - /devices - /devices devfs - no - sharefs - /etc/dfs/sharetab sharefs - no - ctfs - /system/contract ctfs - no - objfs - /system/object objfs - no - swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes - df -h Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/md/dsk/d0 909G 11G 889G 2% / /devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab swap 14G 972K 14G 1% /etc/svc/volatile objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab /usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1 909G 11G 889G 2% /lib/libc.so.1 fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd swap 14G 40K 14G 1% /tmp swap 14G 28K 14G 1% /var/run

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• Disk IO causing high load on Xen/CentOS guest

  - by Peter Lindqvist

  I'm having serious issues with a xen based server, this is on the guest partition. It's a paravirtualized CentOS 5.5. The following numbers are taken from top while copying a large file over the network. If i copy the file another time the speed decreases in relation to load average. So the second time it's half the speed of the first time. It needs some time to cool off after this. Load average slowly decreases until it's once again usable. ls / takes about 30 seconds. top - 13:26:44 up 13 days, 21:44, 2 users, load average: 7.03, 5.08, 3.15 Tasks: 134 total, 2 running, 132 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 25.3%id, 74.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 1048752k total, 1041460k used, 7292k free, 3116k buffers Swap: 2129912k total, 40k used, 2129872k free, 904740k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1506 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:03.94 cifsd 1 root 15 0 2172 644 556 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.08 init Meanwhile the host is ~0.5 load avg and steady over time. ~50% wait Server hardware is dual xeon, 3gb ram, 170gb scsi 320 10k rpm, and shouldn't have any problems with copying files over the network. disk = [ "tap:aio:/vm/dev01.img,xvda,w" ] I also get these in the log INFO: task syslogd:1350 blocked for more than 120 seconds. "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. syslogd D 00062E4F 2208 1350 1 1353 1312 (NOTLB) c0ef0ed0 00000286 6e71a411 00062e4f c0ef0f18 00000009 c0f20000 6e738bfd 00062e4f 0001e7ec c0f2010c c181a724 c1abd200 00000000 ffffffff c0ef0ecc c041a180 00000000 c0ef0ed8 c03d6a50 00000000 00000000 c03d6a00 00000000 Call Trace: [<c041a180>] __wake_up+0x2a/0x3d [<ee06a1ea>] log_wait_commit+0x80/0xc7 [jbd] [<c043128b>] autoremove_wake_function+0x0/0x2d [<ee065661>] journal_stop+0x195/0x1ba [jbd] [<c0490a32>] __writeback_single_inode+0x1a3/0x2af [<c04568ea>] do_writepages+0x2b/0x32 [<c045239b>] __filemap_fdatawrite_range+0x66/0x72 [<c04910ce>] sync_inode+0x19/0x24 [<ee09b007>] ext3_sync_file+0xaf/0xc4 [ext3] [<c047426f>] do_fsync+0x41/0x83 [<c04742ce>] __do_fsync+0x1d/0x2b [<c0405413>] syscall_call+0x7/0xb ======================= I have tried disabling irqbalanced as suggested here but it does not seem to make any difference.

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• Setting font size of Closed Captions on iPhone using ffmpeg or mencoder

  - by forthrin

  Does anyone know how to either: Make ffmpeg set subtitle font size in the output video file Make mencoder produce an iPhone-compatible video file (with subtitles) I finally found out how to get Closed Captions video on iPhone, with mkv and srt files as source material. The secret was using the mov_text subtitle codec in ffmpeg (and turning on Closed Captions in the iPhone settings of course): ffmpeg -y -i in.mkv -i in.srt -map 0:0 -map 0:1 -map 1:0 -vcodec copy -acodec aac -ab 256k -scodec mov_text -strict -2 -metadata title="Title" -metadata:s:s:0 language=eng out.mp4 However, the font size appears very small on the iPhone, and I can't find out how to set it with ffmpeg (the iPhone has no option for this). I found out that mencoder has a -subfont-text-scale option, but I don't have a lot of experience with this program. The following, my best attempt so far, produces an output file which is not playable on the iPhone. sudo port install mplayer +mencoder_extras +osd mencoder in.mkv -sub in.srt -o out.mp4 -ovc copy -oac faac -faacopts br=256:mpeg=4:object=2 -channels 2 -srate 48000 -subfont-text-scale 10 -of lavf -lavfopts format=mp4 PS! As requested, here is the output from mencoder: 192 audio & 400 video codecs success: format: 0 data: 0x0 - 0xb64b9d2f libavformat version 54.6.101 (internal) libavformat file format detected. [matroska,webm @ 0x1015c9a50]Unknown entry 0x80 [lavf] stream 0: video (h264), -vid 0 [lavf] stream 1: audio (ac3), -aid 0, -alang eng VIDEO: [H264] 1280x544 0bpp 49.894 fps 0.0 kbps ( 0.0 kbyte/s) [V] filefmt:44 fourcc:0x34363248 size:1280x544 fps:49.894 ftime:=0.0200 ========================================================================== Opening audio decoder: [ffmpeg] FFmpeg/libavcodec audio decoders libavcodec version 54.23.100 (internal) AUDIO: 48000 Hz, 2 ch, s16le, 448.0 kbit/29.17% (ratio: 56000->192000) Selected audio codec: [ffac3] afm: ffmpeg (FFmpeg AC-3) ========================================================================== ** MUXER_LAVF ***************************************************************** REMEMBER: MEncoder's libavformat muxing is presently broken and can generate INCORRECT files in the presence of B-frames. Moreover, due to bugs MPlayer will play these INCORRECT files as if nothing were wrong! ******************************************************************************* OK, exit. videocodec: framecopy (1280x544 0bpp fourcc=34363248) VIDEO CODEC ID: 28 AUDIO CODEC ID: 15002, TAG: 0 Writing header... [mp4 @ 0x1015c9a50]Codec for stream 0 does not use global headers but container format requires global headers [mp4 @ 0x1015c9a50]Codec for stream 1 does not use global headers but container format requires global headers Then the following repeats itself for every frame: Pos: 0.0s 1f ( 2%) 0.00fps Trem: 0min 0mb A-V:0.000 [0:0] [mp4 @ 0x1015c9a50]malformated aac bitstream, use -absf aac_adtstoasc Error while writing frame. I recognize -absf aac_adtstoasc as an ffmpeg option (does mencoder spawn ffmpeg?), but I don't know how to pass this option on (my hunch is this is not even the origin of the problem).

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• XCP Project Kronos syslog error: "irq ... : nobody cared" on Dom0 host

  - by Vlad Fedin

  One of our production clusters driven by XCP suddenly went uresponsive. After restart and some investigation we found such logs in dom0 machine syslog: Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659040] irq 339: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659058] Pid: 0, comm: swapper/3 Tainted: G C O 3.2.0-24-generic #37-Ubuntu Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659060] Call Trace: Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659062] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810db37d>] __report_bad_irq+0x3d/0xe0 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659071] [<ffffffff810db605>] note_interrupt+0x135/0x190 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659074] [<ffffffff810d8e69>] handle_irq_event_percpu+0xa9/0x220 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659078] [<ffffffff8130ff3b>] ? radix_tree_lookup+0xb/0x10 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659081] [<ffffffff810d9031>] handle_irq_event+0x51/0x80 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659084] [<ffffffff810dc187>] handle_edge_irq+0x87/0x140 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659089] [<ffffffff813a8829>] __xen_evtchn_do_upcall+0x199/0x250 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659092] [<ffffffff813aa96f>] xen_evtchn_do_upcall+0x2f/0x50 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659096] [<ffffffff81666d3e>] xen_do_hypervisor_callback+0x1e/0x30 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659097] <EOI> [<ffffffff810013aa>] ? hypercall_page+0x3aa/0x1000 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659104] [<ffffffff810013aa>] ? hypercall_page+0x3aa/0x1000 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659107] [<ffffffff8100a1d0>] ? xen_safe_halt+0x10/0x20 Oct 26 20:32:03 hetzner-2-mrx kernel: [1797931.659110] [<fff IRQ 339 in cat /proc/interrupts: 339: ... xen-pirq-msi-x eth0 where eth0 is hardware NIC. While host machine seems to hang, guest machines continue to work, so our tiny internal monitoring on one of the virtual hosts logged something like that: [2012-10-26 20:31:51] [OK......] 200 OK : 113159149 ns [2012-10-26 20:32:40] [DISASTER] 500 Can't connect to [hostname]:80 (No route to host) : 47763284432 ns ... [2012-10-26 20:34:40] [DISASTER] 500 Can't connect to [hostname]:80 (No route to host) : 46894835070 ns [2012-10-26 20:34:57] [DISASTER] 500 Can't connect to [hostname]:80 (Bad hostname) : 16821741955 ns ... [2012-10-26 20:38:18] [DISASTER] 500 Can't connect to [hostname]:80 (Bad hostname) : 20103298289 ns [2012-10-26 20:38:37] [DISASTER] 500 Can't connect to [hostname]:80 (Bad hostname) : 17895754943 ns Host and guest OS: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, 05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82574L Gigabit Network Connection Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8369 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx+ Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx+ Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17 Region 0: Memory at fe500000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K] Region 2: I/O ports at e000 [size=32] Region 3: Memory at fe520000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: e1000e Kernel modules: e1000e Any hints how to debug this?

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• ffmpeg - join / merge on top of each other

  - by AisIceEyes

  I'm trying to join together two videos on top of each other. I already did these two ffmpeg commands ffmpeg -i 2_Out_of_Control.VOB -aspect 16:9 \ -vf "yadif=0:-1:0,crop=w=714:h=476:x=6:y=0,scale=1280:720,boxblur=lp=13" \ -c:v libx264 -preset medium \ -c:a copy \ '2(blurred)Out_of_Control.mp4' ffmpeg -i 2_Out_of_Control.VOB \ -vf "yadif=0:-1:0,crop=w=714:h=476:x=6:y=0,scale=1080:720" \ -c:v libx264 -preset medium \ -c:a copy \ '2(clear)Out_of_Control.mp4' I'm currently stuck on making the "clear" version on top of the "blurred" version. I'm not sure how to do that. Can anybody help please? Been googling for around 2 days already. Only achieved it by using OpenShot but yeah, would prefer if there is an ffmpeg command to merge the two videos on top of each other. Edit: I want the "clear" video to be at the center at the top of the "blurred" video Edit2: console output would be the same as above: ffmpeg -i 2(blurred)Out_of_Control.mp4 \ -i 2(clear)Out_of_Control.mp4 \ -aspect 16:9 \ -vf <just something that will join the two together: the blurred at the bottom, clear at top that is centered> \ -c:v libx264 -preset medium \ -c:a copy \ '2_Out_of_Control_VOB.mp4' Edit3: here is the output when I used ffmpeg -i 2_Out_of_Control.VOB $ ffmpeg -i 2_Out_of_Control.VOB ffmpeg version git-2013-10-03-c7fe2a3 Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers built on Oct 4 2013 05:22:06 with gcc 4.6 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) configuration: --prefix=/home/username/ffmpeg_build --extra-cflags=-I/home/username/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/home/username/ffmpeg_build/lib --bindir=/home/username/bin --extra-libs=-ldl --enable-gpl --enable-libass --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-nonfree --enable-x11grab libavutil 52. 46.100 / 52. 46.100 libavcodec 55. 34.100 / 55. 34.100 libavformat 55. 19.100 / 55. 19.100 libavdevice 55. 3.100 / 55. 3.100 libavfilter 3. 88.101 / 3. 88.101 libswscale 2. 5.100 / 2. 5.100 libswresample 0. 17.103 / 0. 17.103 libpostproc 52. 3.100 / 52. 3.100 Input #0, mpeg, from '2_Out_of_Control.VOB': Duration: 00:05:00.01, start: 0.500000, bitrate: 4574 kb/s Stream #0:0[0x1e0]: Video: mpeg2video (Main), yuv420p(tv, smpte170m), 720x480 [SAR 8:9 DAR 4:3], max. 9334 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 90k tbn, 59.94 tbc Stream #0:1[0x80]: Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 384 kb/s At least one output file must be specified $

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• How do I install on an UEFI Asus 1215b netbook?

  - by Tarek

  I'm trying to install Ubuntu 11.10 on a UEFI netbook Asus 1215b using an USB stick. I created a fat32 efi partition of 100MB, 2GB swap, and 2 ext4 partitions (for root (/ ) and /home, respectively). While installing, Ubuntu switches to CLI and starts running efibootmgr. After a few commands (sadly I don't have a screen grab), it stops displaying text but it's still running judging by the HDD led. Then, there's a weird graphic glitch and the screen turns off (HDD led still indicating activity). Finally, it just stops, but doesn't turn off. Not even a hard reboot works (holding down the power button a few secs). I have to plug the netbook off and remove the battery. After that, it still doesn't boot Ubuntu... Anyway, what can I do? I'm considering following the footsteps here and here. Edit: here is the syslog $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] IP: [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] PGD 14ecc067 PUD 0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CPU 0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Modules linked in: cryptd aes_x86_64 ufs qnx4 hfsplus hfs minix ntfs msdos xfs reiserfs jfs bnep parport_pc rfcomm dm_crypt ppdev bluetooth lp parport joydev eeepc_wmi asus_wmi sparse_keymap uvcvideo videodev v4l2_compat_ioctl32 snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_seq_midi snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec arc4 snd_rawmidi snd_hwdep psmouse snd_pcm snd_seq_midi_event ath9k serio_raw sp5100_tco i2c_piix4 k10temp snd_seq mac80211 snd_timer ath9k_common ath9k_hw snd_seq_device ath snd cfg80211 soundcore snd_page_alloc binfmt_misc squashfs overlayfs nls_iso8859_1 nls_cp437 vfat fat dm_raid45 xor dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log btrfs zlib_deflate libcrc32c usb_storage uas radeon video ahci libahci ttm drm_kms_helper drm wmi i2c_algo_bit atl1c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Pid: 28432, comm: efibootmgr Not tainted 3.0.0-12-generic #20-Ubuntu ASUSTeK Computer INC. 1215B/1215B $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RIP: 0010:[<ffff880066d44c1f>] [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RSP: 0018:ffff88005e2cbab0 EFLAGS: 00010082 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RAX: 00000000ffe1867c RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88005e2cbbea RDI: ffff88005e2cbb40 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RBP: 00000000ffe1867c R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000084 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] R10: ffffc9001101ff83 R11: ffffc90011018685 R12: 0000000000000001 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffffc9001101867c R15: ffff88005e2cbbe1 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] FS: 00007f9cdde13720(0000) GS:ffff880066a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CR2: 00000000ffe1867c CR3: 000000002dace000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Process efibootmgr (pid: 28432, threadinfo ffff88005e2ca000, task ffff880014f0dc80) $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Stack: $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ffffc90011010000 ffff88005e2cbac8 0000000000010000 ffff880066d4401d $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] 000000000000007c ffff880009e84400 0000000000000090 ffff880066d45738 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ffffc9001101867c ffff880066d4331c 0000000000000009 ffffc9001101867b $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Call Trace: $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815e9efe>] ? _raw_spin_lock+0xe/0x20 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9c2d>] ? open+0x10d/0x1b0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff8116554b>] ? __dentry_open+0x2bb/0x320 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9b20>] ? bin_vma_open+0x70/0x70 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815e9efe>] ? _raw_spin_lock+0xe/0x20 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811849ee>] ? vfsmount_lock_local_unlock+0x1e/0x30 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff8104303b>] ? efi_call5+0x4b/0x80 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81042a7f>] ? virt_efi_set_variable+0x2f/0x40 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff814bb125>] ? efivar_create+0x1e5/0x280 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9d63>] ? write+0x93/0x190 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9de4>] ? write+0x114/0x190 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81167813>] ? vfs_write+0xb3/0x180 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81167b3a>] ? sys_write+0x4a/0x90 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815f22c2>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Code: ec 01 75 f0 41 bc 01 00 00 00 e8 e5 fb ff ff e8 e4 fc ff ff 33 c0 44 0f b7 c0 66 3b c3 73 20 41 0f b7 c0 41 0f b7 d0 03 c5 8b c8 <8a> 00 42 38 04 3a 75 0a 66 45 03 c4 66 44 3b c3 72 e2 33 c0 66 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RIP [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RSP <ffff88005e2cbab0> $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CR2: 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ---[ end trace 493844b002da4787 ]---

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• Can't control connection bit rate using iwconfig with Atheros TL-WN821N (AR7010)

  - by Paul H

  I'm trying to reduce the connection bit rate on my Atheros TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 usb wifi adapter due to frequent instability issues (reported connection speed goes down to 1Mb/s and I have to physically reconnect the adapter to regain a connection). I know this is a common problem with this device, and I have tried everything I can think of to fix it, including using drivers from linux-backports; compiling and installing a custom firmware (following instructions on https://wiki.debian.org/ath9k_htc#fw-free) and (as a last resort) using ndiswrapper. When using ndiswrapper, the wifi adapter is stable and operates in g mode at 54Mb/s (whilst when using the default ath9k_htc module, the adapter connects in n mode and the bit rate fluctuates constantly). Unfortunately, with this setup I have to run my processor using only one core, since using SMP with ndiswrapper causes a kernel oops on my system. So I want to lock my bit rate to 54Mb/s (or less, if need be) for connection stability, using the ath9k_htc module. I've tried 'sudo iwconfig wlan0 rate 54M'; the command runs with no error but when I check the bit rate with 'sudo iwlist wlan0 bitrate' the command returns: wlan0 unknown bit-rate information. Current Bit Rate:78 Mb/s Any ideas? Here's some info (hopefully relevant) on my setup: Xubuntu (12.04.3) 64bit (kernel 3.2.0-55.85-generic) using Network Manager. My Router is from Virgin Media, the VMDG480. lshw -C network : *-network description: Wireless interface physical id: 1 bus info: usb@1:4 logical name: wlan0 serial: 74:ea:3a:8f:16:b6 capabilities: ethernet physical wireless configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k_htc driverversion=3.2.0-55 firmware=1.3 ip=192.168.0.9 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bgn lsusb -v: Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0cf3:7015 Atheros Communications, Inc. TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 802.11n [Atheros AR7010+AR9287] Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bDeviceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass bDeviceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x0cf3 Atheros Communications, Inc. idProduct 0x7015 TP-Link TL-WN821N v3 802.11n [Atheros AR7010+AR9287] bcdDevice 2.02 iManufacturer 16 ATHEROS iProduct 32 UB95 iSerial 48 12345 bNumConfigurations 1 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 60 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0x80 (Bus Powered) MaxPower 500mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 6 bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bInterfaceSubClass 0 bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x01 EP 1 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x82 EP 2 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x04 EP 4 OUT bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes bInterval 1 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x05 EP 5 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x06 EP 6 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Device Qualifier (for other device speed): bLength 10 bDescriptorType 6 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class bDeviceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass bDeviceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol bMaxPacketSize0 64 bNumConfigurations 1 Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered) iwlist wlan0 scanning: wlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: C4:3D:C7:3A:1F:5D Channel:1 Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Quality=37/70 Signal level=-73 dBm Encryption key:on ESSID:"my essid" Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s Bit Rates:6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s Mode:Master Extra:tsf=00000070cca77186 Extra: Last beacon: 5588ms ago IE: Unknown: 0007756E69636F726E IE: Unknown: 010882848B962430486C IE: Unknown: 030101 IE: Unknown: 2A0100 IE: Unknown: 2F0100 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: 32040C121860 IE: Unknown: 2D1AFC181BFFFF000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: 3D1601080400000000000000000000000000000000000000 IE: Unknown: DD7E0050F204104A0001101044000102103B00010310470010F99C335D7BAC57FB00137DFA79600220102100074E657467656172102300074E6574676561721024000631323334353610420007303030303030311054000800060050F20400011011000743473331303144100800022008103C0001011049000600372A000120 IE: Unknown: DD090010180203F02C0000 IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : TKIP Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101800003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00 iwconfig: lo no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"my essid" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: C4:3D:C7:3A:1F:5D Bit Rate=78 Mb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=36/70 Signal level=-74 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0,

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• MBR Booting from DOS

  - by eflukx

  For a project I would like to invoke the MBR on the first harddisk directly from DOS. I've written a small assembler program that loads the MBR in memory at 0:7c00h an does a far jump to it. I've put my util on a bootable floppy. The disk (HD0, 0x80) i'm trying to boot has a TrueCrypt boot loader on it. It shows up the TrueCrypt screen, but after typing in the password it crashes the system. When I run my little utlility (w00t.com) on a normal WinXP machine it seams to crash immedealty. Apparently I'm forgetting some crucial stuff the BIOS normally does, my guess is it's something trivial. Can someone with better bare-metal DOS and BIOS experience help me out? Heres my code: .MODEL tiny .386 _TEXT SEGMENT USE16 INCLUDE BootDefs.i ORG 100h start: ; http://vxheavens.com/lib/vbw05.html ; Before DOS has booted the BIOS stores the amount of usable lower memory ; in a word located at 0:413h in memory. We going to erase this value because ; we have booted dos before loading the bootsector, and dos is fat (and ugly). ; fake free memory ;push ds ;push 0 ;pop ds ;mov ax, TC_BOOT_LOADER_SEGMENT / 1024 * 16 + TC_BOOT_MEMORY_REQUIRED ;mov word ptr ds:[413h], ax ;ax = memory in K ;pop ds ;lea si, memory_patched_msg ;call print ;mov ax, cs mov ax, 0 mov es, ax ; read first sector to es:7c00h (== cs:7c00) mov dl, 80h mov cl, 1 mov al, 1 mov bx, 7c00h ;load sector to es:bx call read_sectors lea si, mbr_loaded_msg call print lea si, jmp_to_mbr_msg call print ;Set BIOS default values in environment cli mov dl, 80h ;(drive C) xor ax, ax mov ds, ax mov es, ax mov ss, ax mov sp, 0ffffh sti push es push 7c00h retf ;Jump to MBR code at 0:7c00h ; Print string print: xor bx, bx mov ah, 0eh cld @@: lodsb test al, al jz print_end int 10h jmp @B print_end: ret ; Read sectors of the first cylinder read_sectors: mov ch, 0 ; Cylinder mov dh, 0 ; Head ; DL = drive number passed from BIOS mov ah, 2 int 13h jnc read_ok lea si, disk_error_msg call print read_ok: ret memory_patched_msg db 'Memory patched', 13, 10, 7, 0 mbr_loaded_msg db 'MBR loaded', 13, 10, 7, 0 jmp_to_mbr_msg db 'Jumping to MBR code', 13, 10, 7, 0 disk_error_msg db 'Disk error', 13, 10, 7, 0 _TEXT ENDS END start

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• .NET AES returns wrong Test Vectors

  - by ralu

  I need to implement some crypto protocol on C# and want to say that this is my first project in C#. After spending some time to get used on C# I found out that I am unable to get compliant AES vectors. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.IO; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { public static void Main() { try { //test vectors from "ecb_vk.txt" byte[] key = { 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; byte[] data = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; byte[] encTest = { 0x0e, 0xdd, 0x33, 0xd3, 0xc6, 0x21, 0xe5, 0x46, 0x45, 0x5b, 0xd8, 0xba, 0x14, 0x18, 0xbe, 0xc8 }; AesManaged aesAlg = new AesManaged(); aesAlg.BlockSize = 128; aesAlg.Key = key; aesAlg.Mode = CipherMode.ECB; ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(); MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write); StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt); swEncrypt.Write(data); swEncrypt.Close(); csEncrypt.Close(); msEncrypt.Close(); aesAlg.Clear(); byte[] encr; encr = msEncrypt.ToArray(); string datastr = BitConverter.ToString(data); string encrstr = BitConverter.ToString(encr); string encTestStr = BitConverter.ToString(encTest); Console.WriteLine("data: {0}", datastr); Console.WriteLine("encr: {0}", encrstr); Console.WriteLine("should: {0}", encTestStr); Console.ReadKey(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e.Message); } } } } Output is wrong: data: 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 encr: A0-3C-C2-22-A4-32-F7-C9-BA-36-AE-73-66-BD-BB-A3 should: 0E-DD-33-D3-C6-21-E5-46-45-5B-D8-BA-14-18-BE-C8 I am sure that there is a correct AES implementation in .NET, so I need some advice from a .NET wizard to help with this.

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• MBR status confusion

  - by Ahmed Ghoneim

  EB 58 90 6D 6B 64 6F 73 66 73 00 00 02 08 20 00 02 00 00 00 00 F8 00 00 3E 00 83 00 00 00 00 00 94 88 7E 00 98 1F 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 29 A9 38 B1 34 57 61 76 65 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 0E 1F BE 77 7C AC 22 C0 74 0B 56 B4 0E BB 07 00 CD 10 5E EB F0 32 E4 CD 16 CD 19 EB FE 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6E 6F 74 20 61 20 62 6F 6F 74 61 62 6C 65 20 64 69 73 6B 2E 20 20 50 6C 65 61 73 65 20 69 6E 73 65 72 74 20 61 20 62 6F 6F 74 61 62 6C 65 20 66 6C 6F 70 70 79 20 61 6E 64 0D 0A 70 72 65 73 73 20 61 6E 79 20 6B 65 79 20 74 6F 20 74 72 79 20 61 67 61 69 6E 20 2E 2E 2E 20 0D 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 AA Learning disk records, this is my USB MBR record viewed by bless on ubuntu formatted with disk utility as MBR table and FAT partition, referring to this Wiki of first record status (0x80 = bootable (active), 0x00 = non-bootable, other = invalid ) but my MBR shows first offset as EB. What's this record stands for ? also, can you provide me with good tables/images tutorials for MBR and other disks' records :)

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