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• Why use 3d matrix and camera in 2D world for 2d geometric figures?

  - by Navy Seal

  I'm working in XNA on a 2d isometric world/game and I'm using DrawUserPrimitives to draw some geometric figures... I saw some tutorials about creating dynamic shadows but I didn't understood why they use a "3d" matrix to control the transformations since the figure I'm drawing is in 2d perspective. I know I'm drawing a 2d figure in 3d but I still can't understand if I really need to work with the matrix. Is there any advantage in using a 3d Matrix to control camera and view? Any reason why I can't just update my vertex's positions by using a regular method since the view is always the same... And since I want to work only with single figures, won't this cause all the geometric figures have the same transformations simultaneously? To understand better what I mean here's a video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjvsGHXaGEA&feature=player_embedded

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• OpenCV multiply scalar and a Matrix

  - by jarjarbinks

  Hi, I am trying to find the easiest way to add, subtract a scalar value with a opencv 2.0 cv::Mat class. Most of the existing function allows only matrix-matrix and matrix-scalar operations. I am looking for a scalar-matrix operations. I am doing it currently by creating a temporary matrix with the same scalar value and doing required arithmetic operation. Example below.. Mat M(Size(100,100), CV_8U); Mat temp = Mat::ones(100, 100, CV_8U)*255; M = temp-M; But I think there should be better/easier ways to do it. Any suggestions ?

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• Loopless function calls on vector/matrix members in Matlab/Octave

  - by Sint

  I came into matrix world from loop world(C, etc) I would like to call a function on each individual member of a vector/matrix, and return the resulting vector/matrix. This is how I currently do it: function retval = gauss(v, a, b, c) for i = 1:length(v) retval(i) = a*(e^(-(v(i)-b)*(v(i)-b)/(2*c*c))); endfor endfunction Example usage: octave:47> d=[1:1000]; octave:48> mycurve=gauss(d, 1, 500, 100); Now, all advice on Matlab/Octave says: STOP whenever you catch yourself using loops and think of a better way of doing it. Thus, my question: Can one call a function on each member of a vector/matrix and return the result in a new vector/matrix all at once without using explicit loops? That is I am looking for something like this: function retval = newfun(v) retval = 42*(v^23); endfunction Perhaps, it is just syntactic sugar, that is all, but still would be useful to know.

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• Extracting data points from a matrix and saving them in different matrixes in MATLAB

  - by Hossein

  Hi, I have a 2D Matrix consisting of some coordinates as below(example): Data(X,Y): 45.987543423,5.35000964 52.987544223,5,98765234 Also I have an array consisting of some integers =0 , for example: Cluster(M) 2,0,3,1 each of these numbers in this array corresponds with a row of my 2D Matrix above.For example, it says that row one(coordinate) in the Data Matirx belongs to the cluster 2,second row belongs to cluster 0 and so on. Now I want to have each of the datapoint of each cluster in a separate matrix, for example I want to save datapoints belonging to cluster 1 in a separate matrix, cluster 2 in a separate matrix and so on,.... I can do them manually, but the problem is this has to be an automatic extraction. which means that the number of clusters(range of the numbers in the cluster array varies in each run) so I have to have a general algorithm that does this extraction for me. Can someone help me please? thanks

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• Direct3D Rotation Matrix from Vector and vice-versa

  - by Beta Carotin

  I need to compute a rotation matrix from a direction vector, and a direction vector from a rotation matrix. The up direction should correspond to the z-axis, forward is y and right is x; D3DXMATRIX m; // the rotation matrix D3DXVECTOR3 v; // this is the direction vector wich is given D3DXVECTOR3 r; // resulting direction vector float len = D3DXVec3Length(&v); // length of the initial direction vector // compute matrix D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&m, &v, &D3DXVECTOR3(0,0,0), &D3DXVECTOR3(0,0,1)); // use the matrix on a vector { 0, len, 0 } D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&r, &D3DXVECTOR3(0,len,0), &m); Now, the vector r should be equal to v, but it isnt. What exactly do I have to do to get the results I need?

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• Merging Two Matrixes... in LISP

  - by abidikgubidik

  (defun merge-matrix (matrix-1 matrix-2) (if (not (or (eql (matrix-rows matrix-1) (matrix-rows matrix-2)) (null matrix-1) (null matrix-2))) (error "Invalid dimensions.")) (cond ((null matrix-1) (copy-tree matrix-2)) ((null matrix-2) (copy-tree matrix-1)) (t (let ((result (copy-tree matrix-1))) (dotimes (i (matrix-rows matrix-1)) (setf (nth i result) (nconc (nth i result) (nth i matrix-2)))) result)))) (merge-matrix '((3 1) (1 3)) '((4 2) (1 1))) * - EVAL: variable NULL has no value I receive an error like that how I can fix the problem, thanks

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• Haskell Linear Algebra Matrix Library for Arbitrary Element Types

  - by Johannes Weiß

  I'm looking for a Haskell linear algebra library that has the following features: Matrix multiplication Matrix addition Matrix transposition Rank calculation Matrix inversion is a plus and has the following properties: arbitrary element (scalar) types (in particular element types that are not Storable instances). My elements are an instance of Num, additionally the multiplicative inverse can be calculated. The elements mathematically form a finite field (??2256). That should be enough to implement the features mentioned above. arbitrary matrix sizes (I'll probably need something like 100x100, but the matrix sizes will depend on the user's input so it should not be limited by anything else but the memory or the computational power available) as fast as possible, but I'm aware that a library for arbitrary elements will probably not perform like a C/Fortran library that does the work (interfaced via FFI) because of the indirection of arbitrary (non Int, Double or similar) types. At least one pointer gets dereferenced when an element is touched (written in Haskell, this is not a real requirement for me, but since my elements are no Storable instances the library has to be written in Haskell) I already tried very hard and evaluated everything that looked promising (most of the libraries on Hackage directly state that they wont work for me). In particular I wrote test code using: hmatrix, assumes Storable elements Vec, but the documentation states: Low Dimension : Although the dimensionality is limited only by what GHC will handle, the library is meant for 2,3 and 4 dimensions. For general linear algebra, check out the excellent hmatrix library and blas bindings I looked into the code and the documentation of many more libraries but nothing seems to suit my needs :-(. Update Since there seems to be nothing, I started a project on GitHub which aims to develop such a library. The current state is very minimalistic, not optimized for speed at all and only the most basic functions have tests and therefore should work. But should you be interested in using or helping out developing it: Contact me (you'll find my mail address on my web site) or send pull requests.

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• How to extract a 2x2 submatrix from a bigger matrix

  - by ZaZu

  Hello, I am a very basic user and do not know much about commands used in C, so please bear with me...I cant use very complicated codes. I have some knowledge in the stdio.h and ctype.h library, but thats about it. I have a matrix in a txt file and I want to load the matrix based on my input of number of rows and columns For example, I have a 5 by 5 matrix in the file. I want to extract a specific 2 by 2 submatrix, how can I do that ? I created a nested loop using : FILE *sample sample=fopen("randomfile.txt","r"); for(i=0;i<rows;i++){ for(j=0;j<cols;j++){ fscanf(sample,"%f",&matrix[i][j]); } fscanf(sample,"\n",&matrix[i][j]); } fclose(sample); Sadly the code does not work .. If I have this matrix : 5.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 25.00 5.00 3.00 4.00 23.00 5.00 2.00 352.00 6.00 And inputting 3 for row and 3 for column, I get : 5.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 25.00 5.00 Not only this isnt a 2 by 2 submatrix, but even if I wanted the first 3 rows and first 3 columns, its not printing it correctly.... I need to start at row 3 and col 3, then take the 2 by 2 submatrix ! I should have ended up with : 4.00 23.00 352.00 6.00 I heard that I can use fgets and sscanf to accomplish this. Here is my trial code : fgets(garbage,1,fin); sscanf(garbage,"\n"); But this doesnt work either :( What am I doing wrong ? Please help. Thanks !

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• Iterative Reduction to Null Matrix

  - by user1459032

  Here's the problem: I'm given a matrix like Input: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 At each step, I need to find a "second" matrix of 1's and 0's with no two 1's on the same row or column. Then, I'll subtract the second matrix from the original matrix. I will repeat the process until I get a matrix with all 0's. Furthermore, I need to take the least possible number of steps. I need to print all the "second" matrices in O(n) time. In the above example I can get to the null matrix in 3 steps by subtracting these three matrices in order: Expected output: 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 I have coded an attempt, in which I am finding the first maximum value and creating the second matrices based on the index of that value. But for the above input I am getting 4 output matrices, which is wrong: My output: 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 My solution works for most of the test cases but fails for the one given above. Can someone give me some pointers on how to proceed, or find an algorithm that guarantees optimality? Test case that works: Input: 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 Output 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

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• Make c# matrix code faster

  - by Wam

  Hi all, Working on some matrix code, I'm concerned of performance issues. here's how it works : I've a IMatrix abstract class (with all matrices operations etc), implemented by a ColumnMatrix class. abstract class IMatrix { public int Rows {get;set;} public int Columns {get;set;} public abstract float At(int row, int column); } class ColumnMatrix : IMatrix { private data[]; public override float At(int row, int column) { return data[row + columns * this.Rows]; } } This class is used a lot across my application, but I'm concerned with performance issues. Testing only read for a 2000000x15 matrix against a jagged array of the same size, I get 1359ms for array access agains 9234ms for matrix access : public void TestAccess() { int iterations = 10; int rows = 2000000; int columns = 15; ColumnMatrix matrix = new ColumnMatrix(rows, columns); for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) matrix[i, j] = i + j; float[][] equivalentArray = matrix.ToRowsArray(); TimeSpan totalMatrix = new TimeSpan(0); TimeSpan totalArray = new TimeSpan(0); float total = 0f; for (int iteration = 0; iteration < iterations; iteration++) { total = 0f; DateTime start = DateTime.Now; for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) total = matrix.At(i, j); totalMatrix += (DateTime.Now - start); total += 1f; //Ensure total is read at least once. total = total > 0 ? 0f : 0f; start = DateTime.Now; for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) total = equivalentArray[i][j]; totalArray += (DateTime.Now - start); } if (total < 0f) logger.Info("Nothing here, just make sure we read total at least once."); logger.InfoFormat("Average time for a {0}x{1} access, matrix : {2}ms", rows, columns, totalMatrix.TotalMilliseconds); logger.InfoFormat("Average time for a {0}x{1} access, array : {2}ms", rows, columns, totalArray.TotalMilliseconds); Assert.IsTrue(true); } So my question : how can I make this thing faster ? Is there any way I can make my ColumnMatrix.At faster ? Cheers !

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• Panning with the OpenGL Camera / View Matrix

  - by Pris

  I'm gonna try this again I've been trying to setup a simple camera class with OpenGL but I'm completely lost and I've made zero progress creating anything useful. I'm using modern OpenGL and the glm library for matrix math. To get the most basic thing I can think of down, I'd like to pan an arbitrarily positioned camera around. That means move it along its own Up and Side axes. Here's a picture of a randomly positioned camera looking at an object: It should be clear what the Up (Green) and Side (Red) vectors on the camera are. Even though the picture shows otherwise, assume that the Model matrix is just the identity matrix. Here's what I do to try and get it to work: Step 1: Create my View/Camera matrix (going to refer to it as the View matrix from now on) using glm::lookAt(). Step 2: Capture mouse X and Y positions. Step 3: Create a translation matrix mapping changes in the X mouse position to the camera's Side vector, and mapping changes in the Y mouse position to the camera's Up vector. I get the Side vector from the first column of the View matrix. I get the Up vector from the second column of the View matrix. Step 4: Apply the translation: viewMatrix = glm::translate(viewMatrix,translationVector); But this doesn't work. I see that the mouse movement is mapped to some kind of perpendicular axes, but they're definitely not moving as you'd expect with respect to the camera. Could someone please explain what I'm doing wrong and point me in the right direction with this camera stuff?

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• How can I attach a model to the bone of another model?

  - by kaykayman

  I am trying to attach one animated model to one of the bones of another animated model in an XNA game. I've found a few questions/forum posts/articles online which explain how to attach a weapon model to the bone of another model (which is analogous to what I'm trying to achieve), but they don't seem to work for me. So as an example: I want to attach Model A to a specific bone in Model B. Question 1. As I understand it, I need to calculate the transforms which are applied to the bone on Model B and apply these same transforms to every bone in Model A. Is this right? Question 2. This is my code for calculating the Transforms on a specific bone. private Matrix GetTransformPaths(ModelBone bone) { Matrix result = Matrix.Identity; while (bone != null) { result = result * bone.Transform; bone = bone.Parent; } return result; } The maths of Matrices is almost entirely lost on me, but my understanding is that the above will work its way up the bone structure to the root bone and my end result will be the transform of the original bone relative to the model. Is this right? Question 3. Assuming that this is correct I then expect that I should either apply this to each bone in Model A, or in my Draw() method: private void DrawModel(SceneModel model, GameTime gametime) { foreach (var component in model.Components) { Matrix[] transforms = new Matrix[component.Model.Bones.Count]; component.Model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(transforms); Matrix parenttransform = Matrix.Identity; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(component.ParentBone)) parenttransform = GetTransformPaths(model.GetBone(component.ParentBone)); component.Player.Update(gametime.ElapsedGameTime, true, Matrix.Identity); Matrix[] bones = component.Player.GetSkinTransforms(); foreach (SkinnedEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.SetBoneTransforms(bones); effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); effect.World = transforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index] * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(model.Angle)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(model.Position) * parenttransform; effect.View = getView(); effect.Projection = getProjection(); effect.Alpha = model.Opacity; } } mesh.Draw(); } I feel as though I have tried every conceivable way of incorporating the parenttransform value into the draw method. The above is my most recent attempt. Is what I'm trying to do correct? And if so, is there a reason it doesn't work? The above Draw method seems to transpose the models x/z position - but even at these wrong positions, they do not account for the animation of Model B at all. Note: As will be evident from the code my "model" is comprised of a list of "components". It is these "components" that correspond to a single "Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Model"

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• Why is my model's scale changing after rotating it?

  - by justnS

  I have just started a simple flight simulator and have implemented Roll and pitch. In the beginning, testing went very well; however, after about 15-20 seconds of constantly moving the thumbsticks in a random or circular motion, my model's scale begins to grow. At first I thought the model was moving closer to the camera, but i set break points when it was happening and can confirm the translation of my orientation matrix remains 0,0,0. Is this a result of Gimbal Lock? Does anyone see an obvious error in my code below? public override void Draw( Matrix view, Matrix projection ) { Matrix[] transforms = new Matrix[Model.Bones.Count]; Model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo( transforms ); Matrix translateMatrix = Matrix.Identity * Matrix.CreateFromAxisAngle( _orientation.Right, MathHelper.ToRadians( pitch ) ) * Matrix.CreateFromAxisAngle( _orientation.Down, MathHelper.ToRadians( roll ) ); _orientation *= translateMatrix; foreach ( ModelMesh mesh in Model.Meshes ) { foreach ( BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects ) { effect.World = _orientation * transforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index]; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } mesh.Draw(); } } public void Update( GamePadState gpState ) { roll = 5 * gpState.ThumbSticks.Left.X; pitch = 5 * gpState.ThumbSticks.Left.Y; }

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• Isometric Camera trouble - can't rotate or move correctly

  - by Deukalion

  I'm trying to create a 3D editor, but I've been having some trouble with the Camera and understanding each component. I've created 2 camera that works OK, but now I'm trying to implement an Isometric Camera in XNA without success on the rotation and movement of the camera. All I get working is Zoom. (Cube with x=3f, y=3f, z=1f in center) And this is the constructor for my IsometricCamera (inherits from ICamera, with methods for Rotation, Movement and Zoom, and Properties for World/View/Projection matrices) public IsometricCamera3D(GraphicsDevice device, float startClip = -1000f, float endClip = 1000f) { matrix_projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographic(device.Viewport.Width, device.Viewport.Height, startClip, endClip); rotation = Vector3.Zero; matrix_view = Matrix.CreateScale(zoom) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(45 + 180)) * Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(30)) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(MathHelper.ToRadians(120)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(rotation.X, rotation.Y, rotation.Z); } Problem is when I rotate it, all that happens is that the Cube gets more or less shiny and nothing happens. What is wrong and how should I create my View matrix to move it / rotate it correctly? Rotate, Move and Zoom looks like: MethodName(Vector3 rotation/movement), Zoom(float value); and just increases the value, then calls an update to recreate the View Matrix according to the code in the constructor. Currently, in my editor I use MiddleButton + Mouse Movement to rotate the camera, but it's not working as the other camera. But in my default camera I use World Matrix to move, but I guess that's not the best way to go which is why I'm trying this.

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• Calculate Matrix Rank using scipy

  - by Hooked

  I'd like to calculate the mathematical rank of a matrix using scipy. The most obvious function numpy.rank calculates the dimension of an array (ie. scalars have dimension 0, vectors 1, matrices 2, etc...). I am aware that the numpy.linalg.lstsq module has this capability, but I was wondering if such a fundamental operation is built into the matrix class somewhere. Here is an explicit example: from numpy import matrix, rank A = matrix([[1,3,7],[2,8,3],[7,8,1]]) print rank(A) This gives 2 the dimension, where I'm looking for an answer of 3.

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• Octave: Multiple submatrices from a matrix

  - by fbrereto

  I have a large matrix from which I would like to gather a collection of submatrices. If my matrix is NxN and the submatrix size is MxM, I want to collect I=(N - M + 1)^2 submatrices. In other words I want one MxM submatrix for each element in the original matrix that can be in the top-left corner of such a matrix. Here's the code I have: for y = 1:I for x = 1:I index = (y - 1) * I + x; block_set(index) = big_mat(x:x+M-1, y:y+M-1) endfor endfor The output if a) wrong, and b) implying there is something in the big_mat(x:x+M-1, y:y+M-1) expression that can get me what I want without needing the two for loops. Any help would be much appreciated

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• Math: How to sum each row of a matrix

  - by macek

  I have a 1x8 matrix of students where each student is a 4x1 matrix of scores. Something like: SCORES S [62, 91, 74, 14] T [59, 7 , 59, 21] U [44, 9 , 69, 6 ] D [4 , 32, 28, 53] E [78, 99, 53, 83] N [48, 86, 89, 60] T [56, 71, 15, 80] S [47, 67, 79, 40] Main question: Using sigma notation, or some other mathematical function, how can I get a 1x8 matrix where each student's scores are summed? # expected result TOTAL OF SCORES S [241] T [146] U [128] D [117] E [313] N [283] T [222] S [233] Sub question. To get the average, I will multiply the matrix by 1/4. Would there be a quicker way to get the final result? AVERAGE SCORE S [60.25] T [36.50] U [32.00] D [29.25] E [78.25] N [70.75] T [55.50] S [58.25] Note: I'm not looking for programming-related algorithms here. I want to know if it is possible to represent this with pure mathematical functions alone.

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• how to displaying pivot in matrix reporting service?

  - by Chandradyani

  Dear All, I have problem relating to pivot query and matrix reporting. I don't know how to display it on matrix reporting service so it will dynamic column. Can any body help me to show how to configure the matrix table? or could you give the link where can I find the answer of my problem? I'm newbie in reporting service.

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• Looking for actively maintained matrix math library for php

  - by Mnebuerquo

  Does anyone know where I might find a PHP matrix math library which is still actively maintained? I need to be able to do the basic matrix operations like reduce, transpose (including non-square matrices), invert, determinant, etc. This question was asked in the past, then closed with no answers. Now I need an answer to the same question. See these links to related questions: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/428473/matrix-artihmetic-in-php http://stackoverflow.com/questions/435074/matrix-arithmetic-in-php-again I was in the process of installing the pear Math_Matrix library when I saw these and realized it wouldn't help me. (Thanks Ben for putting that comment about transpose in your question.) I can code this stuff myself, but I would make me happier to see that there is a library for this somewhere.

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• Reporting Services Matrix Order

  - by James Stewart

  I've got a reporting services report which display data in a matrix. The matrix rows are ordered by the report on a specific field's value. Trouble is I want a particular value to always appear last in the matrix even though it won't naturally be ordered there. Is there a way I can do this using an expression? Thanks.

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• plot matrix missing points in different color using gnuplot

  - by kitt

  I have a file 'matrix.dat': 1 2 3 4 5 5 - 3 4 5 - 4 5 B - 1 B 2 B 3 - 3 2 - 3 I want to plot numbers using palette, '-' using white color and 'B' using black color. In gnuplot, I use this palette (blue - cyan - green - orange - red): set palette model HSV functions 0.666*(1-gray), 1, 1 And set '-' as missing data: set datafile missing "-" plot 'matrix.dat' matrix with image Now I can only plot numbers and '-' in correct colors.

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• Sort a matrix with another matrix

  - by Jacob

  Suppose I have a matrix A and I sort the rows of this matrix. How do I replicate the same ordering on a matrix B (same size of course)? E.g. A = rand(3,4); [val ind] = sort(A,2); B = rand(3,4); %// Reorder the elements of B according the reordering of A This is the best I've come up with m = size(A,1); B = B(bsxfun(@plus,(ind-1)*m,(1:m)')); Out of curiosity, any alternatives?

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• The bigger value in a matrix row

  - by marionmaiden

  How can I get the 2 biggers numbers of a matrix row? If the matrix have a bigger number in other row, it can't be shown. For example, let's suppose I have the following matrix int mat[][] ={{1,2,3}{4,5,6}{7,8,9}}; if I search the 2 biggers numbers from the row 0, it should return me 1 and 2.

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• Matlab: How to create a 3D matrix?

  - by niko

  Hi, Does anyone know how to define a 3D matrix in matlab, for example a matrix of size (8 x 4 x 20) or add a 3rd dimension to an existing 2D matrix? Thank you.

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• Matrix multiplication using pairs

  - by sc_ray

  Hi, I am looking into alternate ways to do a Matrix Multiplication. Instead of storing my matrix as a two-dimensional array, I am using a vector such as vector<pair<pair<int,int >,int > > to store my matrix. The pair within my pair (pair) stores my indices (i,j) and the other int stores the value for the given (i,j) pair. I thought I might have some luck implementing my sparse array this way. The problem is when I try to multiply this matrix with itself. If this was a 2-d array implementation, I would have multiplied the matrix as follows: for(i=0; i<row1; i++) { for(j=0; j<col1; j++) { C[i][j] = 0; for(k=0; k<col2; k++) C[i][j] += A[i][j] * A[j][k]; } } Can somebody point out a way to achieve the same result using my vector of 'pair of pairs'? Thanks

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