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• Why does ifconfig in freebsd resets default gateway ?

  - by eugene y

  ifconfig in freebsd deletes the default gateway route, even when given the same IP-address (e.g. when updating netmask only). Is it a bug or a feature? As fas as I remember Linux doesn't change the default gateway in this case.

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• Enable TRIM on FreeBSD 9 Install

  - by javanix

  I recently upgraded all of the parts in my FreeBSD 9 server. I purchased an SSD to run as a the root drive - I'd like to enable TRIM on it but the only documentation I can find on it is that it can be enabled using newfs or tunefs. Is there a way to specify flags to newfs during the installation process, and if not, am I going to run into TRIM-related issues if I run tunefs after installation is complete?

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• problem installing netbeans on freeBSD

  - by solomon

  hi guys, I want to install netbeans on my freeBSD7.2 machine.I followed the instructions listed in http://typo.submonkey.net/articles/2007/7/13/netbeans-on-freebsd But, when i try the third step, which is running the netbeans using "./netbeans/bin/netbeans" i found the following error "etc/netbeans.cluster" file cann't be found. What do u think could be the reason. I can't figure it out, plz help me. Thanx in advance

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• Freebsd ports installing with parameters

  - by DeaglinG

  I'm trying to create a install script for some FreeBSD machines. I want to install a few ports but change several configurations before installing, and without the dialog popup. I've tried almost everything but no success. I.E: I'm trying to install nginx with HTTP_SSL module but i can't seem to pass the correct parameter to the make install clean command. I also want to use all other default settings, and only change this one. Any help will be appreciated.

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• Restarting services shortcut on FreeBSD

  - by eugene y

  I want to start/stop services from /usr/local/etc/rc.d in the RHEL way, e.g. service apache restart service mysql restart How can I set this up on FreeBSD?

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• Handling database failover for Rails applications on FreeBSD

  - by bianster

  I'm working on implementing database (Postgresql) failover for a Rails app that runs with Passenger/FreeBSD. Due to certain constraints regarding the server OS, it's necessary to continue using FreeBSD (as opposed to say, Ubuntu). I'm finding it to be quite a challenge to have failover handled within the Rails application, by way of a customised database adapter due to the fact that this application will be load-balanced between several webservers, and the multiple Rails processes that Passenger spawned in each webserver. I previously looked at setting up Pacemaker/Corosync to manage database server failover on a common IP but unfortunately I wasn't able to get past building the packages on FreeBSD. It does work rather well on Ubuntu 10.04 but I'm not likely to be able to use Ubuntu due to the OS constraints. I'm considering a custom witness daemon that simply pings the primary DB server, and this witness daemon switches all the webservers to the standby DB server when the primary becomes uncontactable (permanently/temporarily), to avoid split-brain. Though I would really like to know if there is a way to get Pacemaker(or something similar) to do the switch on FreeBSD.

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• Linux program in FreeBSD

  - by Alex Farber

  Trying to run my program in FreeBSD OS, I have the following results: $ ./myprogram ELF binary type "0" not known ./myprogram: 1: Syntax error: "&" unexpected (expecting ")") $ file myprogram myprogram: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.15, not stripped The program is built In GCC on Ubuntu computer. What can I do? Can I build the program for FreeBSD on my Ubuntu computer by changing some build options, or I need to build it in FreeBSD OS? Maybe there is some way to convert executable to format recognized by FreeBSD?

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• PXE boot FreeBSD iso from pxelinux server

  - by Andrew

  I'm using FOG as a TFTP / PXE server and would like to be able to boot a FreeBSD LiveCD (specifically pfSense, but it could be any LiveCD, really); I've found HOWTOs for booting a "netboot" BSD but they all seem to use a BSD server. So: Is it possible to PXE boot BSD from a Linux server? Is it possible to PXE boot a BSD LiveCD? Is it possible to PXE boot a Linux LiveCD? My main motivation is to be able to boot small LiveCD images (e.g. < 100MB) that I may only use once and don't want to burn a physical CD for.

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• Apache not running from rc.d on FreeBSD

  - by Oksana Molotova

  I'm using FreeBSD 8.3 and Apache 2.2. I didn't install Apache from ports, instead compiled it from source because I wanted to move the binary and configuration to a different path (I'm centering all of the major production daemons and their configurations in a single place). In any case, I based the /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22 file on one from a different server where it was installed from ports, I only modified the binary and config paths within. I can manually execute it with /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache22 start, however even with apache22_enable="YES" in /etc/rc.conf it fails to start. All permissions and ownership are identical to the other server where it works. What am I missing and is there a way to debug this kind of thing?

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• FreeBSD Can't recognize my network

  - by Mascarpone

  I'm trying to install FreeBSD on VirtualBox in my Ubuntu 11.10 . When I try to download the packages via FTP, the systems fails to correctly configure the DHCP. There are two possible behaviors, randomly picked every time I retry: The DHCP is almost correctly configured, except my host is .fastwebnet.it rather than the real namehost.fastwebnet.it . Whenever I try to add something before the . , the system edit the field and revert it to .fastwebnet.it Only the netmask is configured, everything else is blank. I can't edit the fields. I tried both with NAT and Bridged adapter in my VirtualBox settings.

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• FreeBSD 8.2 + Apache 2.2 + mod_auth_pam2: unable to authenticate

  - by zneak

  I've installed Apache 2.2 and mod_auth_pam2 from ports, but I can't get local UNIX authentication to work. When I access the protected part of my local website, I do get the authentication request, and with pam_permit.so, it works. However, when I change pam_permit.so to the real thing, pam_unix.so, I get this message in httpd-error.log: [error] PAM: user 'foo' - not authenticated: authentication error This is the relevant part of my Apache config, though I don't think it's the problem as it works with pam_permit.so: <Location /foo> AuthBasicAuthoritative Off AuthPAM_Enabled on AuthPAM_FallThrough off AuthType Basic AuthName "Secret place" Require valid-user </Location> This is my /etc/pam.d/httpd, though I don't think it's the problem either, since it works with pam_permit.so: auth required pam_unix.so account required pam_unix.so So what am I missing? What does it take to have pam_unix.so work for httpd under FreeBSD?

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• Increasing FreeBSD threads

  - by sh-beta

  For network apps that create one thread per connection (like Pound), threadcount can become a bottleneck on the number of concurrent connections you can server. I'm running FreeBSD 8 x64: $ sysctl kern.maxproc kern.maxproc: 6164 $ sysctl kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc: 1500 $ limits Resource limits (current): cputime infinity secs filesize infinity kB datasize 33554432 kB stacksize 524288 kB coredumpsize infinity kB memoryuse infinity kB memorylocked infinity kB maxprocesses 5547 openfiles 200000 sbsize infinity bytes vmemoryuse infinity kB pseudo-terminals infinity swapuse infinity kB I want to increase kern.threads.max_threads_per_proc to 4096. Assuming each thread starts with a stack size of 512k, what else do I need to change to ensure that I don't hose my machine?

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• freebsd ipfw tablearg.

  - by Shamanu4

  Hello. I'm configuring freebsd firewall and have such situation: 51000 pipe tablearg ip from not table(17) to table(20) out xmit ng* 51010 pipe tablearg ip from table(21) to not table(17) in recv ng* 51020 pipe tablearg ip from any to table(18) out xmit ng* 51030 pipe tablearg ip from table(19) to any in recv ng* tables 18,19,20,21 have client ip addresses and pipe numbers table 17 list of networks. rules 51020 and 51030 work fine but what is going at 51000 and 51010 ? How to determine firewall to take pipe number from tables 20 and 21 - not from 17 ?

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• Piping stream into tar on FreeBSD

  - by Casey Jordan

  I am trying to pipe a tar/gzip archive into tar to decompress it. The script I have is part of a self extracting installer, where my archive is appended to the script. This works fine on linux, and the script looks like this: export TMPDIR=`mktemp -d /tmp/selfextract.XXXXXX` echo "TEMP: $TMPDIR" ARCHIVE=`awk '/^__ARCHIVE_BELOW__/ {print NR + 1; exit 0; }' $0` tail -n+$ARCHIVE $0 | tar xz -C $TMPDIR exit 0 __ARCHIVE_BELOW__ The tar archive as a string is after the ARCHIVE_BELOW but I omitted it from here since it's huge. However, when I do this on FreeBSD I get the following error: tar: Failed to open '/dev/sa0' I read that this is because free BSD expects to read from that device by default and you can tell it to read from stdin by passing -f - like so: tail -n+$ARCHIVE $0 | tar zxf - -C $TMPDIR However, when I do this I just get the error: tar: Damaged tar archive tar: Retrying... Can anyone point out what I am doing wrong here? I need to do it this way (Via piping) for efficiency reasons. Thanks

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• freebsd does not recognise that php was installed via ports

  - by Alistair Prestidge

  I have php 5.2.12 installed on FreeBSD 8.0-STABLE. It was installed from ports and I am trying to upgrade it to 5.3.2. However for some reason my system is not recognising that php was installed via ports. When I run "pkg_version" the list does not include php it does however include all the extensions that I have installed. I have even tried to do "make deinstall" on "/usr/ports/lang/php5" it told me that the port had been deinstalled but php still appears to be working correctly i.e "php -v" works any ideas on how this port has become de attached from the ports system? and how I can get the ports system to recognise that it installed php?

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• FreeBSD: Samba performance over GBit-Ethernet

  - by Axel Gneiting

  I'm using a FreeBSD NAS with RAID-Z. I can read ~300MB/s from the ZFS disks to /dev/null on the box, but only get about 50MB/s over GBit-Ethernet with SMB to Windows 7 (Samba 3.5.6). Both systems have Intel-PCIe-NICs and are connected directly. Samba is configured to use AIO and I already tried to tune TCP/IP: kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=16777216 net.inet.tcp.sendspace=1048576 net.inet.tcp.recvspace=1048576 net.inet.tcp.sendbuf_max=8388608 net.inet.tcp.recvbuf_max=8388608 net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0 Any ideas what's causing the bottleneck? I think the link should handle 100 MB/s easily.

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• Best way to install multiple versions of Apache, PHP and MySQL on a single FreeBSD host

  - by Mikael Roos

  I want a test- and development-environment for web using Apache, PHP and MySQL. I need to be able to test a single web-application with multiple versions of PHP (5.2, 5.3, etc) and multiple versions of MySQL (5.0, 5.1, 5.5, etc). It shall be hosted on a FreeBSD server. My idea is to compile each version into a directory structure and running them on separate portnumbers. For example: opt/apache2.2-php5.2-mysql-5.0 (httpd on port 8801, mysql on port 8802) (directory contains each software, compiled and linked towards eachother) opt/apache2.2-php5.3-mysql-5.1 (httpd on port 8803, mysql on port 8804) (and so on) Any thoughts or suggestions of the best way to setup this type of environment?

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• FreeBSD high load loopback interface

  - by user1740915

  I have a problem with a FreeBSD server. There is a FreeBSD 9.0 amd64, two network cards em1 (internet), em0 (local network) configured firewall ipfw, natd, squid (not transparent), the server acts as a gateway for access to the Internet. Next problem: upload via squid is very low. At this moment I see next: natd, dhcpd load the cpu at that time when uploading through squid and there are a lot of traffic through the loopback interface. ipfw show output 0100 655389684 36707144666 allow ip from any to any via lo0 00200 0 0 deny ip from any to 127.0.0.0/8 00300 0 0 deny ip from 127.0.0.0/8 to any 00400 0 0 deny ip from any to ::1 00500 0 0 deny ip from ::1 to any 00600 4 292 allow ipv6-icmp from :: to ff02::/16 00700 0 0 allow ipv6-icmp from fe80::/10 to fe80::/10 00800 1 76 allow ipv6-icmp from fe80::/10 to ff02::/16 00900 0 0 allow ipv6-icmp from any to any ip6 icmp6types 1 01000 0 0 allow ipv6-icmp from any to any ip6 icmp6types 2,135,136 01100 1615 76160 deny ip from 192.168.1.1 to any in via em1 01200 0 0 deny ip from 199.69.99.11 to any in via em0 01300 46652 3705426 deny ip from any to 172.16.0.0/12 via em1 01400 3936404 345618870 deny ip from any to 192.168.0.0/16 via em1 01500 4 336 deny ip from any to 0.0.0.0/8 via em1 01600 4129 387621 deny ip from any to 169.254.0.0/16 via em1 01700 0 0 deny ip from any to 192.0.2.0/24 via em1 01800 917566 33777571 deny ip from any to 224.0.0.0/4 via em1 01900 147872 22029252 deny ip from any to 240.0.0.0/4 via em1 02000 1132194739 1190981955947 divert 8668 ip4 from any to any via em1 02100 3 248 deny ip from 172.16.0.0/12 to any via em1 02200 35925 2281289 deny ip from 192.168.0.0/16 to any via em1 02300 1808 122494 deny ip from 0.0.0.0/8 to any via em1 02400 3 174 deny ip from 169.254.0.0/16 to any via em1 02500 0 0 deny ip from 192.0.2.0/24 to any via em1 02600 0 0 deny ip from 224.0.0.0/4 to any via em1 02700 0 0 deny ip from 240.0.0.0/4 to any via em1 02800 960156249 1095316736582 allow tcp from any to any established 02900 64236062 8243196577 allow ip from any to any frag 03000 34 1756 allow tcp from any to me dst-port 25 setup 03100 193 11580 allow tcp from any to me dst-port 53 setup 03200 63 4222 allow udp from any to me dst-port 53 03300 64 8350 allow udp from me 53 to any 03400 417 24140 allow tcp from any to me dst-port 80 setup 03500 211 10472 allow ip from any to me dst-port 3389 setup 05300 77 4488 allow ip from any to me dst-port 1723 setup 05400 3 156 allow ip from any to me dst-port 8443 setup 05500 9882 590596 allow tcp from any to me dst-port 22 setup 05600 1 60 allow ip from any to me dst-port 2000 setup 05700 0 0 allow ip from any to me dst-port 2201 setup 07400 4241779 216690096 deny log logamount 1000 ip4 from any to any in via em1 setup proto tcp 07500 21135656 1048824936 allow tcp from any to any setup 07600 474447 35298081 allow udp from me to any dst-port 53 keep-state 07700 532 40612 allow udp from me to any dst-port 123 keep-state 65535 1990638432 1122305322718 allow ip from any to any systat -ifstat when uploading via squid Load Average ||| Interface Traffic Peak Total tun0 in 79.507 KB/s 232.479 KB/s 42.314 GB out 2.022 MB/s 2.424 MB/s 59.662 GB lo0 in 4.450 MB/s 4.450 MB/s 43.723 GB out 4.450 MB/s 4.450 MB/s 43.723 GB em1 in 2.629 MB/s 2.982 MB/s 464.533 GB out 2.493 MB/s 2.875 MB/s 484.673 GB em0 in 240.458 KB/s 296.941 KB/s 442.368 GB out 512.508 KB/s 850.857 KB/s 416.122 GB top output PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE C TIME WCPU COMMAND 66885 root 1 92 0 26672K 2784K CPU3 3 528:43 65.48% natd 9160 dhcpd 1 45 0 31032K 9280K CPU1 1 7:40 32.96% dhcpd 66455 root 1 20 0 18344K 2856K select 1 119:27 1.37% openvpn 16043 squid 1 20 0 44404K 17884K kqread 2 0:22 0.29% squid squid.conf cat /usr/local/etc/squid/squid.conf # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32 ::1 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8 # RFC1918 possible internal network acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12 # RFC1918 possible internal network acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16 # RFC1918 possible internal network acl localnet src fc00::/7 # RFC 4193 local private network range acl localnet src fe80::/10 # RFC 4291 link-local (directly plugged) machines acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localnet http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port 192.168.1.1:3128 # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. #cache_dir ufs /var/squid/cache 100 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/squid/cache I understand that the traffic passes through the SQUID several times. But can not find why.

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• FREEBSD creating new port

  - by su55

  Hi, I have a script here that I want to create as a port in freebsd and then make it as package so that I can install on some machines. script is below. !/usr/local/bin/bash if [ ! -f "/suid.old" ] then find / -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 -ls /suid.old else find / -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 -ls /suid.new diff suid.old suid.new newchanges fi exit 0 if [ -s "/newchanges" ] then mail -s "changes has occured" [email protected] else mail -s "No changes has occured" [email protected] /newchanges fi How can I accomplish this?

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• Why FreeBSD won't reboot after kernel crash?

  - by Max Kosyakov

  Once in a while I get my server running FreeBSD 8.0 amd64 fail due to bad memory (incompatible with motherboard) modules. Each time it happens, the box stalls with the last note saying that it will automatically reboot in 15 second, but it never does. How do I fix this? I need computer to reboot after kernel crash, unattended. (Please do not recommend to replace memory, as soon as I get the modules, I will, but I need a quicker solution that will not require me to stand still next to the box just to press the reset button each time it crashes.)

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• FreeBSD Ngnix installation error

  - by Asaf Nevo

  I have a VPS which has Apache webserver installed. I'm trying to install Ngnix on it since my new server will be needing to handle large amount of connection simultaneously. I used this install guide and did: cd /usr/ports/www/nginx make install clean However I get this error: adding module in /usr/ports/www/nginx/work/arut-nginx-dav-ext-module-0e07a3e ./configure: error: no /usr/ports/www/nginx/work/arut-nginx-dav-ext-module-0e07a3e/config was found ===> Script "configure" failed unexpectedly. I'm pretty new to FreeBSD and I am used to controlling my server using Direct Admin. What shall I do next ?

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• FreeBSD Server .htaccess issues

  - by Will Ayers

  Server Details: FreeBSD PHP Version 4.3.11 Apache Appache Modules: mod_throttle, mod_php4, mod_speedycgi, mod_ssl, mod_setenvif, mod_so, mod_unique_id, mod_headers, mod_expires, mod_auth_db, mod_auth_anon, mod_auth, mod_access, mod_rewrite, mod_alias, mod_actions, mod_cgi, mod_dir, mod_autoindex, mod_include, mod_info, mod_status, mod_negotiation, mod_mime, mod_mime_magic, mod_log_config, mod_define, mod_env, mod_vhost_alias, mod_mmap_static, http_core The issue I am having is when ever I write any kind of code in the .htaccess file, it throws a 500 Internal error I am simply trying to rewrite url's and am using the exact code that wordpress creates for me and even tried custom code used before on previous servers and it still does not work. WordPress created code: # BEGIN WordPress <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase /lobster-tail-blog/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /lobster-tail-blog/index.php [L] </IfModule> # END WordPress And even a simple thing like this throws the error: <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On </IfModule> Anyone know of any fixes or why this is causing this error? I have the mod_rewrite module loaded

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• Cannot ssh anymore into FreeBSD 7.2 home server

  - by Gabi

  Somehow sshd stopped running and no amount of start, restart or onestart will make it go again. I normally ssh into it from a dual-boot laptop computer that shows up on the network as gabi-buntu when running Ubuntu Karmic, and as gabi-pc when running Windows XP Pro. Neither my Putty connection nor the Linux terminal can establish a ssh link anymore. Upon rebooting the server, I am greeted with "/etc/rc: WARNING: run_rc_command: cannot run /usr/sbin/sshd". In addition, a message will appear saying things like rpc.statd: failed to contact host gabi-buntu RPC: port mapper failure RPC: timed out Everything else works fine. The FreeBSD 7.2 box runs a print server, a Samba server, and an Apache server for the home wiki, via https. It also serves up NFS shares for Linux clients. Any suggestions? Thank you, Gabi Huiber

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• Handling FreeBSD package upgrades using pkg_add

  - by larsks

  I'm trying to use FreeBSD's pkg_add command to install and upgrade binary packages in a build-once-install-on-multiple-machines sort of scenario. It works well when installing a new package, but upgrades are baffling me. For example, if I want to upgrade a package that is depended on by another package, I can't just install it: # pkg_add /path/to/somepackage-2.0.tbz pkg_add: package 'somepackage' or its older version already installed At this point, I can delete the older version of the package if I pass -f to the pkg_delete command: # pkg_delete -f somepackage-1.0 pkg_delete: package 'somepackage-1.0' is required by these other packages and may not be deinstalled (but I'll delete it anyway): anotherpackage-1.0 But...and this is the killer...now the dependency information is gone! I can install the upgrade: # pkg_add /path/to/somepackage-2.0.tbz And now attempts to delete it will succeed without any errors: # pkg_delete somepackage-2.0 How do I handle this gracefully (whereby "gracefully" means "in a fashion that preserves dependency information without requiring me to rebuild/reinstall and entire dependency chain"). Thanks!

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• FreeBSD's VPN & Mac OS X IPSecuritas

  - by alexus

  I need to be able to VPN in to my FreeBSD server from my Mac using IPSecuritas. I was wondering if anyone ever done something, I'm reading VPN over IPsec but that mainly covers if you had 2 nodes with 2 public IP address. My endpoint in IPSecuritas configured with MODE_CFG enabled so it'll have the other node to query my address from it's coming from. SSH is out of question, this is not a VPN solution, people who'd end up using VPN wouldn't know what to do, so I need very simple VPN the one that you get to use almost anywhere, you have a client and you have server, client makes a connection to server and boom, you in...

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