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  • How does Git know which Index blob to add to a tree?

    - by drozzy
    In Pro Git Ch9 the author says: Git normally creates a tree by taking the state of your staging area or index and writing a tree object from it. My question is how does git know which of two consequitive index entries to create the Tree object from? For example: $ echo 'First change' > one.txt $ git add one.txt $ find .git/objects -type f .git/objects/1f/755a7fffe4 //first index entry $ echo 'Second change' > one.txt $ git add one.txt $ find .git/objects -type f .git/objects/2d/234asdf2 //second index entry $ git commit -a -m "Initial commit" $ git cat-file master^{tree} 100644 blob 2d234asdf2 one.txt //How did it know not to take 1f755?? Does it just look at the blob timestamps? Also - what happens to the first blob created - no one is referencing it. Does it just get destroyed or forgotten?

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  • How to know if your Unit Test Fixture is “right-sized”?

    - by leeand00
    How do you know if you "Test Fixture" is right-sized. And by "Test Fixture" I mean a class with a bunch of tests in it. One thing that I've always noticed with my test fixtures is that they get to be kind of verbose; seeing as they could also be not verbose enough, how do you get a sense of when your unit tests are the right size? My assumption is that (at least in the context of web development) you should have one test fixture class per page. I know of a good quote for this and it's: "Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to remove." - Antoine de Saint-Exupery.

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  • Do you know any build systems with decent support for parallelization?

    - by dahpgjgamgan
    Hi, I am looking for a build system (working on ms windows) that has good support for parallelization of tasks/targets (or whatever you call them). To be more specific - during build (that is initiated on MS Windows machine) I need to copy source files to a number of different machines (which are not necessarily running Windows) and start a remote job on each of them - and I really like to do that on all machines at once. Does anyone know a build system that's capable of executing such a task in parallel. From what I googled, the options currently available are: -j switch in make - but i don't know if nmake supports this -some custom nAnt tasks -msbuild has some form of support for parallelization - seems similiar to make (meaning you don't specify what to do in parallel, just specify that it would be nice to build things that way) -fake (f# make) is written in functional programming language which are known to have good parallelization support - but I'm not very skillful in functional programming area. Any other solutions I could explore?

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  • What key concepts and nuances in C++ you know?

    - by Narek
    What kind of key points and concepts should a person know from C++ (and from programming in general) to be considered that he/she possesses C++ (and programming, in general) skills good. e.g. //Even if sizeof(T) may not be equal to 1, this code steps over array elements T v[]; for(T *p = v ; *p != 0 ; p++) cout<<*p<<endl; P.S. I hope by exchanging this info we will help each other to know C++ and programing thechnics better by doing explicit our notion that we got from practice.

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  • Know of any open source projects written in C#, that don’t use any other .Net related technologies

    - by AspOnMyNet
    Do you know of any open source code that would go beyond the basic exercises (aka demonstrations of how particular C# construct works), thus a C# code that would have some real world value? I did read similar threads ( http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1391909/as-a-net-beginner-what-should-i-learn-and-where-can-i-find-open-source-projects ) and the sites suggested (like http://www.codeplex.com and http://sourceforge.net), but all the apps I’ve found there are built using C# in conjunction with other technologies ( such as WinForms, Asp.Net, WCF, WPF, F#,Javascript ), while at the moment all I know is C#, a bit of Html and a bit of Ado.Net. I do plan to learn these technologies also, but that could take months while I’d like to create some useful C# apps right now. thanx

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  • Anyone know how to get dual screens working on a Dell E6410 laptop with Ubuntu 10.04 64 bit?

    - by Curtis
    I've installed the drivers from nVidia. When I go into the NVIDIA X Server Settings application, in the X Server Display Configuration setcion, and click the "Configure" button, "TwinView" is disabled. Also, clicking "Detect Displays" doesn't pick up my monitor (which is connected through a port replicator - keyboard and mouse in that port replicator work fine). Has anyone else seen this? Is this just a limitation of the current nvidia linux drivers?

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  • How can you know what is w3wp.exe doing? (or how to diagnose a performance problem)

    - by Daniel Magliola
    I'm having a performance problem in a site we've made, and I'm not exactly sure how to start diagnosing it. The short description is: We have a very small site (http://hearablog.com) with very little traffic, in a crappy dedicated server, CPU is always very high, sometimes it stays at 100% for minutes, and w3wp.exe is taking most of it. A typical scenario is w3wp.exe takes 60%, and SQL Server takes about 30%. Our DB is pretty small too. Long description and more details: The site is hosted in a very crappy server by Cari.Net. From the beginning we had the feeling that the server didn't quite behave correctly, like some things would take just too long, so this could be a configuration problem from the get go. It may also be that we are getting a virtual server while we're supposed to have a dedicated one, although we have no evidence that'd indicate this, except for the fact that the server tends to be quite slow. The server is Windows 2008 Standard 64-bit, with SQL 2008 Express Hardware is a Celeron 2.80 GHz, 1Gb RAM The website is developed in ASP.Net MVC, using Entity Framework for data access. Now, this is pretty crappy hardware, but i've had other servers with these guys, with equivalent (or worse) HW, and performance is much better than this one. That said, the other servers have W2003 and SQL2005, and I'm using ASP.Net "WebForms" 2.0, no MVC, no LINQ, no EF; so I'm not sure whether going to 2008 / the other stuff means a big performance penalty is expected. I'm serving MP3 files (5-20 Mb) regularly, which is a slightly unusual load, maybe that is causing some kind of problems? Would that cause w3wp to use a lot of CPU? Disk usage seems very low. Memory is usually around 90%, but disk usage seems to indicate it's not paging much. I get tons of e-mails every day about SQL timeouts, for queries taking over 30 seconds, although all our queries are pretty straightforward (or should be, but EF may be screwing it up). This is what resource monitor looks like in one of these "sprints" of 100% CPU, in case there's anything useful there. And a snapshot of some performance counters: Now, what confuses me very much is that CPU usage of w3wp is just so high. It shouldn't be doing much really... So my questions are... Is there any way of finding out "what" it is doing? Maybe even profile it? Any performance counters I should be looking at? Is this to be expected given this hardware/software configuration? Is this could be cause by some kind of configuration failure, where would you start looking? Thank you VERY much. Daniel Magliola

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  • Is there a way to know what the Windows Disk Cleanup utility will delete?

    - by Cam Jackson
    When I run the Disk Cleanup utility that's built into Windows 8, it tells me that it can free up 53GB by deleting 'Temporary Files'. However, a CCleaner analysis on default settings only finds about 300MB worth of space to free up, so I'm wondering what Disk Cleanup has found that CCleaner does not. Note that this question appears to be similar to what I'm asking, but the accepted answer says that 'Temporary Files' refers to %TEMP%. I've already cleared out most of C:\Users\Cam\AppData\Local\Temp, and it now has only 230MB of stuff in it, even with system files showing. So where is this 53GB located? Is there a way to find out what it is? Edit: I should note that this is on a 110GB SSD, so it's almost half the drive. And in fact I'm only using 86GB, so if it's really going to clear out 53GB, that would be more than 60% of the stuff on my C drive. I'm starting to think that Disk Cleanup caches its analysis, and hasn't updated since I started cleaning up the drive earlier today. Although when I run it it says that it's 'Calculating' how much space can be saved, and it takes about 5-10 seconds to do so. Hmmm... Edit2: Here is what my hard drive looks like, according to SpaceMonger (Right click-Open image in new tab, so you can see it properly): You can see why I was starting to think that the 53GB figure is actually wrong. Even if 'Temporary Files' includes my hiberfil and everything in WinSxS (about 13GB total), that would be 26GB, which is only halfway there. Hard to see where there's 53GB of stuff to delete.

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  • sendmail sending mail to recipients I don’t know of; possible spam host

    - by Quintin Par
    Recently I did an audit of my machine with logwatch and found out that my machine sends around 582 mails everyday. STATISTICS ---------- Messages To Recipients: 582 Addressed Recipients: 582 Bytes Transferred: 444985 Messages No Valid Rcpts: 0 SMTP SESSION, MESSAGE, OR RECIPIENT ERRORS ------------------------------------------ Next day STATISTICS ---------- Messages To Recipients: 153 Addressed Recipients: 279 Bytes Transferred: 8613451 Messages No Valid Rcpts: 0 SMTP SESSION, MESSAGE, OR RECIPIENT ERRORS ------------------------------------------ How can I audit more to find out the email ids to where did is send, program which schedules this etc?

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  • How to know my wireless card has injection enabled?

    - by shrimpy
    I am playing around with aircrack. And was trying to see whether my wireless card on my laptop can pass the injection test And I end up seeing the following... does it mean my wireless card is not able to run aircrack? root@myubuntu:/home/myubuntu# iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. eth1 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:"" Nickname:"" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.437 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:54 Mb/s Tx-Power:24 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality=5/5 Signal level=0 dBm Noise level=-57 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:781 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 root@myubuntu:/home/myubuntu# aireplay-ng -9 eth1 ioctl(SIOCSIWMODE) failed: Invalid argument ARP linktype is set to 1 (Ethernet) - expected ARPHRD_IEEE80211, ARPHRD_IEEE80211_FULL or ARPHRD_IEEE80211_PRISM instead. Make sure RFMON is enabled: run 'airmon-ng start eth1 <#>' Sysfs injection support was not found either. root@myubuntu:/home/myubuntu#

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  • What's the best way to know if your web server goes down?

    - by Mike Christensen
    I noticed my website only got 8 visitors today, which means it probably went down very early this morning and I never noticed. Why it went down is another story. Ideally, I'd like to be emailed if my web server becomes unresponsive or does not return an HTTP 200. Is there either a cloud-based service (either free or pretty cheap) that can monitor your website? If not, is there a good free/open source program I can run on either a Linux or Windows machine that will monitor a website and email me if it goes down? Thanks!

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  • How do I know which hardware components are compatible when building a computer?

    - by darkie15
    I am trying to setup my own new computer. I haven't done this before and hence needed guidance from all here. I can google out the results for steps to follow for setting up my machine, but I do not understand what components are compatible with each other? For example there must be specific models of motherboard that are compatible with Intel Core i5-2500K Sandy Bridge 3.3GHz. In general, if there is a website that can guide me on all compatible components, that would be great. If not, how would I be able to check compatibility?

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  • Service Unavailable - App Pool disabled error...anyone know why?

    - by andy
    Hi guys A small number of our sites intermediately experience an error that is a mystery to us. Our set up is: Windows Server 2003 IIS6 .NET 3.5 We have about 35 Websites running on IIS Each site has it's own App Pool Each App Pool has the identity: Network Service The symptom is: The Application Pool for a site stops, and when you browse to the site, you only see: SERVICE UNAVAILABLE In the Event Logs, we have one Error, that looks like this: Application pool 'AppPool1' is being automatically disabled due to a series of failures in the process(es) serving that application pool. And we have several Warnings leading up to the error, that look like this (note: the warnings look the same, except for the process id): A process serving application pool 'AppPool1' suffered a fatal communication error with the World Wide Web Publishing Service. The process id was '292'. The data field contains the error number. What's causing this? As I said, it doeasn't happen very often....the last time was about 6 months ago...and it usually happens with the same site/App pool. Any ideas? cheers!

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  • When connecting to a unix box, how does it know you have SSH setup on your desktop?

    - by Blankman
    When you use something like putty to connect to a linux box, and you setup your SSH keys etc. When connecting, how does it tell the server that you want to connect using your SSH keys? Is SSH running as a service on a particular port or does it simply pass your private-key and then the login service sees that and tries to connect using it? Just looking for a fairly high level understanding (with maybe some detail if you want to...)

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  • AAC 256kbit to MP3 320kbit conversion. I know it's lossy, but how?

    - by Fabian Zeindl
    Has anyone ever transcoded music from a high-quality aac to an mp3 (or vice-versa). The internet is full of people who say this should never be done, but apart from the theoretical standpoint that you can only lose information, does it matter in practise? is the difference perceivable, except on studio-equipment? does the re-encoding actually lose much information? If, p.e., high frequences are chopped away by the initial compression, those frequencies aren't there anymore, so this part of the compression-algorithm won't touch the data during the second compression. Am i wrong?

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