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• What are the common programming mistakes in Python?

  - by Paul McGuire

  I was about to tag the recent question in which the OP accidentally shadowed the builtin operator module with his own local operator.py with the "common-mistakes" tag, and I saw that there are a number of interesting questions posted asking for common mistakes to avoid in Java, Ruby, Scala, Clojure, .Net, jQuery, Haskell, SQL, ColdFusion, and so on, but I didn't see any for Python. For the benefit of Python beginners, can we enumerate the common mistakes that we have all committed at one time or another, in the hopes of maybe steering a newbie or two clear of them? (In homage to "The Princess Bride", I call these the Classic Blunders.) If possible, a little supporting explanation on what the problem is, and the generally accepted resolution/workaround, so that the beginning Pythoner doesn't read your answer and say "ok, that's a mistake, how do I fix it?"

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• Objective-C: How to access methods in other classes

  - by Adam

  I have what I know is a simple question, but after many searches in books and on the Internet, I can't seem to come up with a solution. I have a standard iPhone project that contains, among other things, a ViewController. My app works just fine at this point. I now want to create a generic class (extending NSObject) that will have some basic utility methods. Let's call this class Util.m (along with the associated .h file). I create the Util class (and .h file) in my project, and now I want to access the methods contained in that class class from my ViewController. Here's an example of a simple version of Util.h #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface Util : NSObject { } - (void)myMethod; @end Then the Util.m file would look something like this: #import "Util.h" @implementation Util - (void)myMethod { NSLog(@"myMethod Called"); } @end Now that my Util class is created, I want to call the "myMethod" method from my ViewController. In my ViewController's .h file, I do the following: #import "Util.h" @interface MyViewController : UIViewController { Util *utils; } @property (assign) Util *utils; @end Finally, in the ViewController.m, I do the following: #import "Util.h" @implementation MyViewController @synthesize utils; - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; utils.myMethod; //this doesn't work [utils myMethod]; //this doesn't work either NSLog(@"utils = %@", utils); //in the console, this prints "utils = (null)" } What am I doing wrong? I'd like to not only be able to directly reference other classes/methods in a simple util class like this, but I'd also like to directly reference other ViewControllers and their properties and methods as well. I'm stumped! Please Help.

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• How to choose the right web application framework?

  - by thenextwebguy

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_application_frameworks Since we are ambitiously aiming to be big, scalability is important, and so are globalization features. Since we are starting out without funding, price/performance and cost of licences/hardware is important. We definitely want to bring AJAX well present in the web interface. But apart from these, there's no further criteria I can come up with. I'm most experienced with C#/ASP.net, PHP and Java, in that order, but don't turn down other languages (Ruby, Python, Scala, etc.). How can we determine from the jungle of frameworks the one that suits best our goal? What other questions should we be asking ourselves? Reference material: articles, book recommendations, websites, etc.?

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• Places to start for system programmer transitioning to web programming

  - by Sean Ochoa

  So here's where I'm coming from: My background is in C#, C++, VB Script, php, javascript, PowerShell, T-SQL, and VB 6. I have some experience with python, and a brief introduction to Ruby On Rails. At work, we're transitioning to a web based UI in the next year or so, but in asp.net & SilverLight. I would like to, if possible, learn more open source web technologies on the side. And, hopefully, in a year and a half or so, I would like to transition to a more open source web technology position. I found that I do really like python, but I'm open to pretty much anything. And yes, I do know Linux (ubuntu and gentoo), as well. And, here's my question: What technologies, frameworks, IDEs, or systems should I be highly proficient in to become a prime candidate for a position doing web application development using non-Microsoft technologies?

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• PHPUnit: Testing if a protected method was called

  - by Luiz Damim

  I´m trying to test if a protected method is called in a public interface. <?php abstract class SomeClassAbstract { abstract public foo(); public function doStuff() { $this->_protectedMethod(); } protected function _protectedMethod(); { // implementation is irrelevant } } <?php class MyTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testCalled() { $mock = $this->getMockForAbstractClass('SomeClass'); $mock->expects($this->once()) ->method('_protectedMethod'); $mock->doStuff(); } } I know it is called correctly, but PHPUnit says its never called. The same happens when I test the other way, when a method is never called: <?php abstract class AnotherClassAbstract { abstract public foo(); public function doAnotherStuff() { $this->_loadCache(); } protected function _loadCache(); { // implementation is irrelevant } } <?php class MyTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testCalled() { $mock = $this->getMockForAbstractClass('AnotherClass'); $mock->expects($this->once()) ->method('_loadCache'); $mock->doAnotherStuff(); } } The method is called but PHPUnit says that it is not. What I´m doing wrong? Edit I wasn´t declaring my methods with double colons, it was just for denoting that it was a public method (interface). Updated to full class/methods declarations. Edit 2 I should have said that I´m testing some method implementations in an abstract class (edited the code to reflect this). Since I can not instantiate the class, how can I test this? I´m thinking in creating an SomeClassSimple extending SomeClassAbstract and testing this one instead. Is it the right approach?

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• How to debug a corrupt pdf file?

  - by Joelio

  Hi, im generating pdf files using a ruby library called "prawn". I have one particular file that seems to be considered "Corrupt" by adobe reader. It shows up fine in both preview and in adobe reader. It gives errors like: Sometimes I get: "Could not find the XObject named '%s'. Othertimes I get: "Could not find the XObject named "Im4". Then always I get: "An error exists on this page. Acrobat may not display the page correctly. Please contact the person who created the PDF document to correct the problem." Is there a way to open a pdf with some tool and have it tell you what is technically wrong with the pdf? Im sure I could figure it out quickly with something like this... thanks Joel

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• Java: conditional initialization?

  - by HH

  Ruby has conditional initialization. Apparently, Java does not or does it? I try to write more succintly, to limit the range as small as possible. import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class InitFor{ public static void main(String[] args){ for(int i=7,k=999;i+((String h="hello").size())<10;i++){} System.out.println("It should be: hello = "+h); } } Errors Press ENTER or type command to continue InitFor.java:8: ')' expected for(int i=7,k=999;i+((String h="hello").size())<10;i++){} ^

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• immutable strings vs std::string

  - by Caspin

  I've recent been reading about immutable strings, here and here as well some stuff about why D chose immutable strings. There seem to be many advantages. trivially thread safe more secure more memory efficient in most use cases. cheap substrings (tokenizing and slicing) Not to mention most new languages have immutable strings, D2.0, Java, C#, Python, Ruby, etc. Would C++ benefit from immutable strings? Is it possible to implement an immutable string class in c++ (or c++0x) that would have all of these advantages?

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• What useful macros have you created in Netbeans?

  - by Richard Poirier

  I use Netbeans (nightly build) for Ruby on Rails development and I'm looking to beef up my macros. I've created a few myself: copy identifier: select-identifier copy-to-clipboard paste clipboard over identifier: select-identifier paste-from-clipboard double quote element select-element-next "\"" single quote element: select-element-next "'" But I'm looking for other useful ones and Google is giving me nothing. The record macro feature usually doesn't work too well so I'd rather just "write" the macros myself but I can't even find a reference that lists what commands (like "select-identifier") are actually available. Any Netbeans macro gurus out there?

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• How many layers are between my program and the hardware?

  - by sub

  I somehow have the feeling that modern systems, including runtime libraries, this exception handler and that built-in debugger build up more and more layers between my (C++) programs and the CPU/rest of the hardware. I'm thinking of something like this: 1 + 2 OS top layer Runtime library/helper/error handler a hell lot of DLL modules OS kernel layer Do you really want to run 1 + 2?-Windows popup (don't take this serious) OS kernel layer Hardware abstraction Hardware Go through at least 100 miles of circuits Eventually arrive at the CPU ADD 1, 2 Go all the way back to my program Nearly all technical things are simply wrong and in some random order, but you get my point right? How much longer/shorter is this chain when I run a C++ program that calculates 1 + 2 at runtime on Windows? How about when I do this in an interpreter? (Python|Ruby|PHP) Is this chain really as dramatic in reality? Does Windows really try "not to stand in the way"? e.g.: Direct connection my binary < hardware?

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• What programs should I write to truly experience this fancy new language ?

  - by privatehuff

  Tried Scheme at one point, just built up half of a "math" and "string" library before getting bored... Similar experience with Java, but stopped early because I was appalled at the lack of operator overloading. When you try out a new language, is there a program/game/function/exercise/problem that you use to get into the hot meaty center and really EXPERIENCE the language? I've been wanted to try Python, Ruby, some lisps, etc but can't seem to find any meaningful work to do with them, or any reason to use them for anything over languages I already know. Sorry this is a discussion, but you are EXACTLY the people I want to get input from on this

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• Javascript/iframe/embed/object question

  - by thinkfuture

  OK, so here is my issue. I'm building a system which will allow people to embed lists of links on their pages. When the link is clicked, i'd like to use something like Lightview or Lightwindow to open it up over the whole window, not just in the iframe. I don't have access to the page that the user will be embedding this object into. Everything I've tried so far tells me that I can't open anything over the parent window, since I don't have access to it from the iframe or object, javacript security issue. However, I've seen sites that do that kind of overlay. so it must be possible. If anyone can point me to any resources that could help, that would be great. if it matters, i'm using Ruby on Rails... Thanks...chris

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• Inheritance of closure objects and overriding of methods

  - by bobikk

  I need to extend a class, which is encapsulated in a closure. This base class is following: var PageController = (function(){ // private static variable var _current_view; return function(request, new_view) { ... // priveleged public function, which has access to the _current_view this.execute = function() { alert("PageController::execute"); } } })(); Inheritance is realised using the following function: function extend(subClass, superClass){ var F = function(){ }; F.prototype = superClass.prototype; subClass.prototype = new F(); subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass; subClass.superclass = superClass.prototype; StartController.cache = ''; if (superClass.prototype.constructor == Object.prototype.constructor) { superClass.prototype.constructor = superClass; } } I subclass the PageController: var StartController = function(request){ // calling the constructor of the super class StartController.superclass.constructor.call(this, request, 'start-view'); } // extending the objects extend(StartController, PageController); // overriding the PageController::execute StartController.prototype.execute = function() { alert('StartController::execute'); } Inheritance is working. I can call every PageController's method from StartController's instance. However, method overriding doesn't work: var startCont = new StartController(); startCont.execute(); alerts "PageController::execute". How should I override this method?

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• Watir::IE.attach(:title,/x/) not working correctly on Win 7 IE8

  - by Zachary Hayes

  System: Window 7 Internet Explorer 8 Ruby 1.8 Watir 1.6.5 If I manually open a browser window and then visit a site that causes a second browser window to open and then use the Watir::IE.attach method to find the second browser window everything work fine. The problem is when I open the first Internet Explorer window with the command Watir::IE.new and then visit a site that causes a second browser window to open. When I use Watir::IE.attach to find the second browser window I now get: Watir::Exception::NoMatchingWindowFoundException: Unable to location a window with title of (?-mix:x) from /ie-class.rb:297:in 'attach_browser_window' from /ie-class.rb:149:in '_attach_init' from /ie-class.rb:143:in 'attach' from (irb):15 Has anyone run into this problem and developed a solution?

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• Shall i learn Assembly Language or C, to Understand how "real programming" works?

  - by Daniel Upton

  Hello, World.. I'm a web developer mostly working in Ruby and C#.. I wanna learn a low level language so i dont look like an ass infront of my (computer science expert) boss. Ive heard a lot of purist buzz about how assembly language is the only way to learn how computers actually work, but on the other hand C would probably be more useful as a language rather than just for theory. So my question is.. Would Learning C teach me enough computer science theory / low level programming to not look like a common dandy (complete tool)? Thanks! Daniel

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• Auto deployment of PHP applications

  - by Christopher McCann

  My team currently has a development web/database server and a live deployment web server and a live database server. We use SVN with the repository stored on the development server but the problem is our deployment process. Currently when we need to deploy an update to the live application we simply use SFTP to transfer from the repository to the live web server and then amend the database on the live server to reflect the development database. This is a really slow process as we also minify all javascript and CSS files. I have used Capistrano for Ruby and Cruise Control for java but I have never used anything for PHP. I'd rather not have to build our own if something already existed. Does anyone know of anything?

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• Gtk+ vs Qt language bindings

  - by Adam Smith

  Put shortly: For those familiar with language bindings in Qt and Gtk+. E.g. python and ruby. Are there any quality or capability difference? More background: I know C++ and Qt very well. Minimal experience with Gtk+. I know C++ is not ideal for language bindings due to the lack of a well defined ABI (application binary interface). I also read that Gtk+ was designed to be bound to other languages. So I wonder how this manifets itself in practice. Are the Gtk+ bindings better maintained or work better in some way than their Qt counterparts? I am presently quite interested in the Go language, and they have started developing Gtk+ bindings. However C++ bindings is far away. It makes me wonder whether learning Gtk+ is worth it.

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• Take Current Snapshot of DB and send it to FTP in same PHP Scripts: Advice Needed

  - by Rachel

  Not sure if I can do it this way. I want to get current snapshot of the database and send it via FTP Server, both of this functionality should be implemented in PHP scripts. Here are the steps I am thinking on right now. In my php scripts(basically am extending an PDO into my Dao class and then preparing the query), $qry = SELECT * FROM MyTablename; $stmt = $this->prepare($qry); $stmt = $this->execute(); Now I will store $stmt in csv file using fputcsv or I will execute the sql command from the script itself and than try to store the result in the $file(csv file) note here that I do not have any csv file with me at this point to basically I will have to create one and let's say its $file, so then $file = fputcsv($stmt); or $file = exec("Select * from MyTablename"); Will this put all records in the file ? If yes, then I will use FTP Functionality to transfer file to the FTP Folder. I am not sure if this approach would work and also have concerns regarding the need of preparing the $qry Any suggestions or different approach advised would be highly appreciated. Thanks !!!

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• How popular is C++ for making websites/web applications?

  - by Vilx-

  I don't know why this is question is bugging me, but time after time I come back to the though - why not make websites in C++? So far I know of none (except a rumor about Yahoo). Most use PHP, Java or ASP.NET. Some are built on Ruby or Python, but even those are minorities. At the same time, looking at StackOverflow, it seems that C++ is still a very popular language with many projects written in it. Why not for webpages? So - what do you know about this subject? Are there any websites written in C++? Are there any framewroks/libraries that help doing this? Have YOU ever done it? If yes, did you run into any fundamental problems and would you recommend this to others?

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• Need alternative field names for these reserved words

  - by MattSlay

  “type” and “class” are likely reserved or problematic words in C# and/or Ruby, two languages I may use to program against my new database schema in the future. So, in order to avoid potential conflicts with those languages, I’m looking for alternative names for these field names in my tables. In this case, it is from my Machines table, where I have: “class” field (values would be something like “manual” or “computerized”) and “type” field (values would be “lathe” or “mill”) I could call the fields “machineclass” and “machinetype”, but that is inconsistent with naming scheme in the rest of my schema (meaning, I do not re-use the table name in the field… For instance, I use Machine.name, not Machine.machinename) Any thought on this madness?

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• Advanced ASP.NET Gridview Layout

  - by chief7

  So i had a feature request to add fields to a second table row for a single data row on a GridView. At first, I looked at extending the functionality of the GridView but soon realized this would be a huge task and since I consider this request a shim for a larger future feature decided against it. Also want to move to MVC in the near future and this would be throw away code. So instead I created a little jquery script to move the cell to the next row in the table. $(document).ready(function() { $(".fieldAttributesNextRow").each(function() { var parent = $(this).parent(); var newRow = $("<tr></tr>"); newRow.attr("class", $(parent).attr("class")); var headerRow = $(parent).parent().find(":first"); var cellCount = headerRow.children().length - headerRow.children().find(".hide").length; newRow.append($(this).attr("colspan", cellCount)); $(parent).after(newRow); }) }); What do you think of this? Is this a poor design decision? I am actually quite pleased with the ease of this solution. Please provide your thoughts.

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• From interpeted to native code: "dynamic" languages compiler support

  - by Daniel

  First, I am aware that dynamic languages is a term used mainly by a vendor; I am using it just to have a container word to include languages like Perl (a favorite of mine), Python, Tcl, Ruby, PHP and so on. They are interpreted but I am interested here to refer to languages featuring strong capability to support the programmer efficiency and the support for typical constructs of modern interpreted languages My question is: there are dynamic languages can be compiled efficiently in native executable code - typically for Windows platforms? Which ones? Maybe using some third part ad-hoc tools? I am not talking about huge executables carrying with them a full interpreter or some similar tricks nor some smart module able to include its own dependances or some required modules, but a honest, straight, standard, solid executable code. If not, there is some technical reason inhibiting the availability of such a best-of-both-world feature? Thanks! Daniel

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• What features of interpreted languages can a compiled one not have?

  - by sub

  Interpreted languages are usually more high-level and therefore have features as dynamic typing (including creating new variables dynamically without declaration), the infamous eval and many many other features that make a programmer's life easier - but why can't compiled languages have these as well? I don't mean languages like Java that run on a VM, but those that compile to binary like C(++). I'm not going to make a list now but if you are going to ask which features I mean, please look into what PHP, Python, Ruby etc. have to offer. Which common features of interpreted languages can't/don't/do exist in compiled languages? Why?

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• Object Oriented Programming in AS3

  - by Jordan

  I'm building a game in as3 that has balls moving and bouncing off the walls. When the user clicks an explosion appears and any ball that hits that explosion explodes too. Any ball that then hits that explosion explodes and so on. My question is what would be the best class structure for the balls. I have a level system to control levels and such and I've already come up with working ways to code the balls. Here's what I've done. My first attempt was to create a class for Movement, Bounce, Explosion and finally Orb. These all extended each other in the order I just named them. I got it working but having Bounce extend Movement and Explosion extend Bounce, it just doesn't seem very object oriented because what if I wanted to add a box class that didn't move, but did explode? I would need a separate class for that explosion. My second attempt was to create Movement, Bounce and Explosion without extending anything. Instead I passed in a reference to the Orb class to each. Then the class stores that reference and does what it needs to do based on events that are dispatched by the Orb such as update, which was broadcast from Orb every enter frame. This would drive the movement and bounce and also the explosion when the time came. This attempt worked as well but it just doesn't seem right. I've also thought about using Interfaces but because they are more of an outline for classes, I feel like code reuse goes out the window as each class would need its own code for a specific task even if that task is exactly the same. I feel as if I'm searching for some form of multiple inheritance for classes that as3 does not support. Can someone explain to me a better way of doing what I'm attempting to do? Am I being to "Object Oriented" by having classed for Movement, Bounce, Explosion and Orb? Are Interfaces the way to go? Any feedback is appreciated!

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• Accessing running task scheduled with java.util.Timer

  - by jbatista

  I'm working on a Java project where I have created a class that looks like this (abridged version): public class Daemon { private static Timer[] timerarray=null; private static Daemon instance=null; protected Daemon() { ArrayList<Timer> timers = new ArrayList<Timer>(); Timer t = new Timer("My application"); t.schedule(new Worker(), 10000,30000); timers.add(t); //... timerarray = timers.toArray(new Timer[]{}); } public static Daemon getInstance() { if(instance==null) instance=new Daemon(); return instance; } public SomeClass getSomeValueFromWorker() { return theValue; } ///////////////////////////////////////////// private class Worker extends TimerTask { public Worker() {} public void run() { // do some work } public SomeReturnClass someMethod(SomeType someParameter) { // return something; } } ///////////////////////////////////////////// } I start this class, e.g. by invoking daemon.getInstance();. However, I'd like to have some way to access the running task objects' methods (for example, for monitoring the objects' state). The Java class java.util.Timer does not seem to provide the means to access the running object, it just schedules the object instance extending TimerTask. Are there ways to access the "running" object instanciated within a Timer? Do I have to subclass the Timer class with the appropriate methods to somehow access the instance (this "feels" strange, somehow)? I suppose someone might have done this before ... where can I find examples of this "procedure"? Thank you in advance for your feedback.

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