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• How to install php-devel under CentOS 6.3 x64?

  - by Jeremy Dicaire

  I'm trying to install php-devel on my CentOS 6.3 VPS and get a failed dependencies test. From phpinfos(): SYSTEM Linux 2.6.32-279.5.2.el6.x86_64 #1 x86_64 NTS error: Failed dependencies: php(x86-64) = 5.4.6-1.el6.remi is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.x86_64 I've tried the following RPM packages: php54w-devel-5.4.6-1.w6.x86_64.rpm php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686.rpm php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm One of the above package gave me this: root@sv1 [/tmp]# rpm -Uvh php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686.rpm warning: php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 00f97f56: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: php(x86-32) = 5.4.6-1.el6.remi is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libbz2.so.1 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libcom_err.so.2 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libcrypto.so.10 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libedit.so.0 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libgmp.so.3 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libgssapi_krb5.so.2 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libk5crypto.so.3 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libkrb5.so.3 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libncurses.so.5 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libssl.so.10 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libstdc++.so.6 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.4.30) is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.5.2) is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.6.0) is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.6.11) is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libxml2.so.2(LIBXML2_2.6.5) is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 libz.so.1 is needed by php-devel-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.i686 I don't know how to fix this error and download all the dependencies. Thank you. Edit 1 (for quanta): Here is "yum repolist": root@sv1 [/tmp]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.atlanticmetro.net * epel: mirror.cogentco.com * extras: mirror.atlanticmetro.net * rpmforge: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * updates: centos.mirror.choopa.net repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 5,980+366 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 6,493+1,272 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 4 rpmforge RHEL 6 - RPMforge.net - dag 2,123+2,310 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 499+29 repolist: 15,099 root@sv1 [/tmp]# rpm -qa | grep php didn't return any result. I forgot to mention I'm using cPanel/WHM Edit 2 after adding the Remi repo: >root@sv1 [/etc/yum.repos.d]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto Cleaning repos: base epel extras remi remi-test rpmforge updates Cleaning up Everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors 1 delta-package files removed, by presto >root@sv1 [/etc/yum.repos.d]# yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto Determining fastest mirrors epel/metalink | 12 kB 00:00 * base: centos.mirror.nac.net * epel: mirror.symnds.com * extras: centos.mirror.choopa.net * remi: remi-mirror.dedipower.com * remi-test: remi-mirror.dedipower.com * rpmforge: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * updates: centos.mirror.nac.net base | 3.7 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 4.5 MB 00:00 epel | 4.3 kB 00:00 epel/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00 extras | 3.0 kB 00:00 extras/primary_db | 6.3 kB 00:00 remi | 2.9 kB 00:00 remi/primary_db | 330 kB 00:00 remi-test | 2.9 kB 00:00 remi-test/primary_db | 85 kB 00:00 rpmforge | 1.9 kB 00:00 rpmforge/primary_db | 2.5 MB 00:00 updates | 3.5 kB 00:00 updates/primary_db | 2.3 MB 00:00 repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 5,980+366 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 6,493+1,272 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 4 remi Les RPM de remi pour Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 96+564 remi-test Les RPM de remi en test pour Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 25+139 rpmforge RHEL 6 - RPMforge.net - dag 2,123+2,310 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 499+29 repolist: 15,220 >root@sv1 [/etc/yum.repos.d]# yum install php-devel Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.mirror.nac.net * epel: mirror.symnds.com * extras: centos.mirror.choopa.net * remi: remi-mirror.dedipower.com * remi-test: remi-mirror.dedipower.com * rpmforge: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * updates: centos.mirror.nac.net Setting up Install Process No package php-devel available. Error: Nothing to do >root@sv1 [/etc/yum.repos.d]#

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• MEB: Taking Incremental Backup using last successful backup

  - by Sagar Jauhari

  Introduction In MySQL Enterprise Backup v3.7.0 (MEB 3.7.0) a new option '–incremental-base' was introduced. Using this option a user can take in incremental backup without specifying the '–start-lsn' option. Description of this option can be found here. Instead of '–start-lsn' the user can provide the location of the last full backup or incremental backup using the 'dir:' prefix. MEB would extract the end LSN of this backup from the mysql.backup_history table as well as the backup_variables.txt file (for verification) to use it as the start LSN of the incremental backup. Because of popular demand, in MEB 3.7.1 the option '-incremental-base' has been extended further. The idea is to allow the user to take an incremental backup as easily as possible using the '–incremental-base' option. With the new option MEB queries the backup_history table for the last successful backup and uses its end LSN as the start LSN for the new incremental backup. It should be noted that the last successful backup is used irrespective of the location of the backup. Details A new prefix 'history:' has been introduced for the –incremental-base option and currently the only permissible value is the string "last_backup". So using the new option an incremental backup can be taken with the following command: $ mysqlbackup --incremental --incremental-backup-dir=/media/mysqlbackup-repo/ --incremental-base=history:last_backup backup When MEB attempts to extract the end LSN of the last successful backup from the mysql.backup_history table, it also scans the corresponding backup destination for the old backup and tries to read the meta files at this backup destination. If a valid backup still exists at the backup destination and the meta files can be read, MEB compares the end LSN found in the mysql.backup_history table with the end LSN found in the backup meta files of the old backup. Assuming that the host MySQL server is alive and mysql.backup_history can be accessed by MEB, the behaviour of MEB with respect to verification of the old end LSN can be summarized as follows: If 'BD' is the backup destination of the last successful backup in mysql.backup_history table and 'BHT' is the mysql.backup_history table if can_read_files_at_BD:     if end_lsn_found_at_BD == end_lsn_of_last_backup_in_BHT:         continue_with_backup()     else         return_with_error() else     continue_with_backup() Advantages Apart from ease of usability an important advantage of this option is that the user can do repeated incremental backups without changing the command line. This is possible using the '–with-timestamp' option along with this new option. For example, the following command $ mysqlbackup --with-timestamp --incremental --incremental-backup-dir=/media/mysqlbackup-repo/ --incremental-base=history:last_backup backup  can be used to perform successive incremental backups in the directory /media/mysqlbackup-repo . Limitations The option '--incremental-base=history:last_backup' should not be used when the user takes different kinds of concurrent backups on the same MySQL server (say different partial backups at multiple locations). should not be used after any temporary or experimental backups performed on the server (which where successful!). needs to be used with precaution since any intermediate successful backup without the –no-connection will be used as the base backup for the next incremental backup.  will give an error in case a valid backup exists at the location of the last successful backup and whose end LSN is different from that of the last successful backup found in the backup_history table. Date: 2012-06-19 HTML generated by org-mode 6.33x in emacs 23

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• Updating PHP on Linux - "No Packages marked for Update"?

  - by Aristotle

  I'm very new to server-administration, but I was thinking the task of updating PHP to 5.2+ should be relatively simple. Online I found that the following was allegedly sufficient to do this: yum update php But when I run this, the following is output: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# yum update php Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors * addons: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * extras: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-base: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * turbopanel-centos5: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net * update: p3plmirror02.prod.phx3.secureserver.net addons | 951 B 00:00 addons/primary | 201 B 00:00 base | 2.1 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 1.6 MB 00:00 extras | 1.1 kB 00:00 extras/primary | 107 kB 00:00 extras 325/325 turbopanel-base | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-base/primary | 72 kB 00:00 turbopanel-base 494/494 turbopanel-centos5 | 951 B 00:00 turbopanel-centos5/primary | 2.1 kB 00:00 turbopanel-centos5 8/8 update | 1.9 kB 00:00 update/primary_db | 463 kB 00:00 Setting up Update Process No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technolog [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# No Packages marked for Update [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: No: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# php -v bash: [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX: command not found [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jan 13 2010 17:13:05) bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group bash: syntax error near unexpected token `c' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' [root@ip-XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX /]# My PHP version is 5.1.6 before, and after running the command. Am I being too naive here with this update process? Is there a more verbose route that is necessary for me to take?

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• CentOs 6.3 can't install Git

  - by drivard

  I am trying to install git on an OpenVZ container using the CentOs 6.3 precreated template. When I try the command line yum install git I get the message: Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: www.cubiculestudio.com * epel: mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca * extras: www.cubiculestudio.com * rpmforge: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * updates: www.cubiculestudio.com Setting up Install Process No package git available. Error: Nothing to do As I understand, the git package should be in the centos6 base repository: http://pkgs.org/centos-6-rhel-6/centos-rhel-x86_64/git-1.7.1-2.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm.html But it doesn't find it, I even have the EPEL and RPMForge repo enabled, but still can't find the git package. yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: www.cubiculestudio.com * epel: mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca * extras: www.cubiculestudio.com * rpmforge: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * updates: www.cubiculestudio.com repo id repo name status base CentOS-6 - Base 4,776 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - i386 6,523 extras CentOS-6 - Extras 4 rpmforge RHEL 6 - RPMforge.net - dag 4,501 updates CentOS-6 - Updates 596 vz-base vz-base 3 vz-updates vz-updates 0 repolist: 16,403 The weirdest thing is that my OpenVZ server is running on CentOs 6.3 and I was able to install git without any issue. Can you help me understanding why it doesn't find the package? Thank you in advance.

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• Error in requiring Sinatra gem

  - by Dan

  I'm having a hard time getting Sinatra running on my local setup, Ubuntu Karmic 9.10. The error getting thrown when I have require 'sinatra' is: NoMethodError: undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:891:in `compile' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:883:in `gsub' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:883:in `compile' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:856:in `route' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:838:in `get' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:1077 from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:929:in `configure' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra/base.rb:1076 from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/sinatra-1.0/lib/sinatra.rb:4 from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `gem_original_require' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require' from (irb):2 from :0 I've tried: Uninstalling/reinstalling Sinatra Updating all gems Ensuring all dependencies exist (rack) Any ideas? Your time and help is greatly appreciated!

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• raw_id_fields for modelforms

  - by nbv4

  I have a modelform which has one field that is a ForeignKey value to a model which as 40,000 rows. The default modelform tries to create a select box with 40,000 options, which, to say the least is not ideal. Even more so when this modelform is used in a formset factory! In the admin, this is easiely avoidable by using "raw_id_fields", but there doesn't seem to be a modelform equivalent. How can I do this? Here is my modelform: class OpBaseForm(ModelForm): base = forms.CharField() class Meta: model = OpBase exclude = ['operation', 'routes'] extra = 0 raw_id_fields = ('base', ) #does nothing The first bolded line works by not creating the huge unwieldy selectbox, but when I try to save a fieldset of this form, I get the error: "OpBase.base" must be a "Base" instance. In order for the modelform to be saved, 'base' needs to be a Base instance. Apparently, a string representation of a Base primary key isn't enough (at least not automatically). I need some kind of mechanism to change the string that is given my the form, to a Base instance. And this mechanism has to work in a formset. Any ideas? If only raw_id_fields would work, this would be easy as cake. But as far as I can tell, it only is available in the admin.

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• Emulating Dynamic Dispatch in C++ based on Template Parameters

  - by Jon Purdy

  This is heavily simplified for the sake of the question. Say I have a hierarchy: struct Base { virtual int precision() const = 0; }; template<int Precision> struct Derived : public Base { typedef Traits<Precision>::Type Type; Derived(Type data) : value(data) {} virtual int precision() const { return Precision; } Type value; }; I want a function like: Base* function(const Base& a, const Base& b); Where the specific type of the result of the function is the same type as whichever of first and second has the greater Precision; something like the following pseudocode: template<class T> T* operation(const T& a, const T& b) { return new T(a.value + b.value); } Base* function(const Base& a, const Base& b) { if (a.precision() > b.precision()) return operation((A&)a, A(b.value)); else if (a.precision() < b.precision()) return operation(B(a.value), (B&)b); else return operation((A&)a, (A&)b); } Where A and B are the specific types of a and b, respectively. I want f to operate independently of how many instantiations of Derived there are. I'd like to avoid a massive table of typeid() comparisons, though RTTI is fine in answers. Any ideas?

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• WM_NOTIFY and superclass chaining issue in Win32

  - by DasMonkeyman

  For reference I'm using the window superclass method outlined in this article. The specific issue occurs if I want to handle WM_NOTIFY messages (i.e. for custom drawing) from the base control in the superclass I either need to reflect them back from the parent window or set my own window as the parent (passed inside CREATESTRUCT for WM_(NC)CREATE to the base class). This method works fine if I have a single superclass. If I superclass my superclass then I run into a problem. Now 3 WindowProcs are operating in the same HWND, and when I reflect WM_NOTIFY messages (or have them sent to myself from the parent trick above) they always go to the outermost (most derived) WindowProc. I have no way to tell if they're messages intended for the inner superclass (base messages are supposed to go to the first superclass) or messages intended for the outer superclass (messages from the inner superclass are intended for the outer superclass). These messages are indistinguishable because they all come from the same HWND with the same control ID. Is there any way to resolve this without creating a new window to encapsulate each level of inheritance? Sorry about the wall of text. It's a difficult concept to explain. Here's a diagram. single superclass: SuperA::WindowProc() - Base::WindowProc()---\ ^--------WM_NOTIFY(Base)--------/ superclass of a superclass: SuperB::WindowProc() - SuperA::WindowProc() - Base::WindowProc()---\ ^--------WM_NOTIFY(Base)--------+-----------------------/ ^--------WM_NOTIFY(A)-----------/ The WM_NOTIFY messages in the second case all come from the same HWND and control ID, so I cannot distinguish between the messages intended for SuperA (from Base) and messages intended for SuperB (from SuperA). Any ideas?

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• C++ polymorphism and slicing

  - by Draco Ater

  The following code, prints out Derived Base Base But I need every Derived object put into User::items, call its own print function, but not the base class one. Can I achieve that without using pointers? If it is not possible, how should I write the function that deletes User::items one by one and frees memory, so that there should not be any memory leaks? #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; class Base{ public: virtual void print(){ cout << "Base" << endl;} }; class Derived: public Base{ public: void print(){ cout << "Derived" << endl;} }; class User{ public: vector<Base> items; void add_item( Base& item ){ item.print(); items.push_back( item ); items.back().print(); } }; void fill_items( User& u ){ Derived d; u.add_item( d ); } int main(){ User u; fill_items( u ); u.items[0].print(); }

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• How to add a has_many association on all models

  - by joshsz

  Right now I have an initializer that does this: ActiveRecord::Base.send :has_many, :notes, :as => :notable ActiveRecord::Base.send :accepts_nested_attributes_for, :notes It builds the association just fine, except when I load a view that uses it, the second load gives me: can't dup NilClass from: /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2184:in `dup' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2184:in `scoped_methods' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2188:in `current_scoped_methods' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2171:in `scoped?' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2439:in `send' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/base.rb:2439:in `initialize' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:162:in `new' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/reflection.rb:162:in `build_association' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/associations/association_collection.rb:423:in `build_record' /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.5/lib/active_record/associations/association_collection.rb:102:in `build' (my app)/controllers/manifests_controller.rb:21:in `show' Any ideas? Am I doing this the wrong way? Interestingly if I move the association onto just the model I'm working with at the moment, I don't get this error. I figure I must be building the global association incorrectly.

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• implementing a read/write field for an interface that only defines read

  - by PaulH

  I have a C# 2.0 application where a base interface allows read-only access to a value in a concrete class. But, within the concrete class, I'd like to have read/write access to that value. So, I have an implementation like this: public abstract class Base { public abstract DateTime StartTime { get; } } public class Foo : Base { DateTime start_time_; public override DateTime StartTime { get { return start_time_; } internal set { start_time_ = value; } } } But, this gives me the error: Foo.cs(200,22): error CS0546: 'Foo.StartTime.set': cannot override because 'Base.StartTime' does not have an overridable set accessor I don't want the base class to have write access. But, I do want the concrete class to provide read/write access. Is there a way to make this work? Thanks, PaulH Unfortunately, Base can't be changed to an interface as it contains non-abstract functionality also. Something I should have thought to put in the original problem description. public abstract class Base { public abstract DateTime StartTime { get; } public void Buzz() { // do something interesting... } } My solution is to do this: public class Foo : Base { DateTime start_time_; public override DateTime StartTime { get { return start_time_; } } internal void SetStartTime { start_time_ = value; } } It's not as nice as I'd like, but it works.

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• The best way to write a jQuery plugin - If there is such a way?

  - by Nick Lowman

  There are quite a few ways to write plugins i.e. here's a nice example and what I've seen quite a lot of lately is the following code pattern and it's used by Doug Neiner here; (function($){ $.formatLink = function(el, options){ var base = this; base.$el = $(el); base.el = el; base.$el.data("formatLink", base); base.init = function(){ base.options = $.extend({}, $.formatLink.defaultOptions, options); //code here } base.init(); }; $.formatLink.defaultOptions = { }; $.fn.formatLink = function(options){ return this.each(function(){ (new $.formatLink(this, options)); }); }; })(jQuery); So, can anyone tell me the benefits of using the pattern above rather than the one below. I can't see the point in calling the $.extend function for every element in the jQuery stack (above), where the example below only does this once and then works on the stack. To test it I created two plugins, using both patterns, which applied styles to about 5000 li elements and the code below took about 1 second whereas the pattern above took about 1.3 seconds. (function($){ $.fn.formatLink = function(options){ var options = $.extend({}, $.fn.formatLink.defaultOptions, options || {}); return this.each(function(){ //code here }); }); $.fn.formatLink.defaultOptions ={} })(jQuery);

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• Will this cause a problem with different runtimes with DLL?

  - by Milo

  My gui application supports polymorphic timed events so that means that the user calls new, and the gui calls delete. This can create a problem if the runtimes are incompatible. So I was told a proposed solution would be this: class base; class Deallocator { void operator()(base* ptr) { delete ptr; } } class base { public: base(Deallocator dealloc) { m_deleteFunc = dealloc; } ~base() { m_deleteFunc(this); } private: Deallocator m_deleteFunc; } int main { Deallocator deletefunc; base baseObj(deletefunc); } While this is a good solution, it does demand that the user create a Deallocator object which I do not want. I was however wondering if I provided a Deallocator to each derived class: eg class derived : public base { Deallocator dealloc; public: Derived() : base(dealloc); { } }; I think this still does not work though. The constraint is that: The addTimedEvent() function is part of the Widget class which is also in the dll, but it is instanced by the user. The other constraint is that some classes which derive from Widget call this function with their own timed event classes. Given that "he who called new must call delete" what could work given these constraints? Thanks

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• dynamic inheritance without touching classes

  - by Jasper

  I feel like the answer to this question is really simple, but I really am having trouble finding it. So here goes: Suppose you have the following classes: class Base; class Child : public Base; class Displayer { public: Displayer(Base* element); Displayer(Child* element); } Additionally, I have a Base* object which might point to either an instance of the class Base or an instance of the class Child. Now I want to create a Displayer based on the element pointed to by object, however, I want to pick the right version of the constructor. As I currently have it, this would accomplish just that (I am being a bit fuzzy with my C++ here, but I think this the clearest way) object->createDisplayer(); virtual void Base::createDisplayer() { new Displayer(this); } virtual void Child::createDisplayer() { new Displayer(this); } This works, however, there is a problem with this: Base and Child are part of the application system, while Displayer is part of the GUI system. I want to build the GUI system independently of the Application system, so that it is easy to replace the GUI. This means that Base and Child should not know about Displayer. However, I do not know how I can achieve this without letting the Application classes know about the GUI. Am I missing something very obvious or am I trying something that is not possible?

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• calling a function from a set of overloads depending on the dynamic type of an object

  - by Jasper

  I feel like the answer to this question is really simple, but I really am having trouble finding it. So here goes: Suppose you have the following classes: class Base; class Child : public Base; class Displayer { public: Displayer(Base* element); Displayer(Child* element); } Additionally, I have a Base* object which might point to either an instance of the class Base or an instance of the class Child. Now I want to create a Displayer based on the element pointed to by object, however, I want to pick the right version of the constructor. As I currently have it, this would accomplish just that (I am being a bit fuzzy with my C++ here, but I think this the clearest way) object->createDisplayer(); virtual void Base::createDisplayer() { new Displayer(this); } virtual void Child::createDisplayer() { new Displayer(this); } This works, however, there is a problem with this: Base and Child are part of the application system, while Displayer is part of the GUI system. I want to build the GUI system independently of the Application system, so that it is easy to replace the GUI. This means that Base and Child should not know about Displayer. However, I do not know how I can achieve this without letting the Application classes know about the GUI. Am I missing something very obvious or am I trying something that is not possible?

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• Behind ASP.NET MVC Mock Objects

  - by imran_ku07

     Introduction:           I think this sentence now become very familiar to ASP.NET MVC developers that "ASP.NET MVC is designed with testability in mind". But what ASP.NET MVC team did for making applications build with ASP.NET MVC become easily testable? Understanding this is also very important because it gives you some help when designing custom classes. So in this article i will discuss some abstract classes provided by ASP.NET MVC team for the various ASP.NET intrinsic objects, including HttpContext, HttpRequest, and HttpResponse for making these objects as testable. I will also discuss that why it is hard and difficult to test ASP.NET Web Forms.      Description:           Starting from Classic ASP to ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Intrinsic objects is extensively used in all form of web application. They provide information about Request, Response, Server, Application and so on. But ASP.NET MVC uses these intrinsic objects in some abstract manner. The reason for this abstraction is to make your application testable. So let see the abstraction.           As we know that ASP.NET MVC uses the same runtime engine as ASP.NET Web Form uses, therefore the first receiver of the request after IIS and aspnet_filter.dll is aspnet_isapi.dll. This will start the application domain. With the application domain up and running, ASP.NET does some initialization and after some initialization it will call Application_Start if it is defined. Then the normal HTTP pipeline event handlers will be executed including both HTTP Modules and global.asax event handlers. One of the HTTP Module is registered by ASP.NET MVC is UrlRoutingModule. The purpose of this module is to match a route defined in global.asax. Every matched route must have IRouteHandler. In default case this is MvcRouteHandler which is responsible for determining the HTTP Handler which returns MvcHandler (which is derived from IHttpHandler). In simple words, Route has MvcRouteHandler which returns MvcHandler which is the IHttpHandler of current request. In between HTTP pipeline events the handler of ASP.NET MVC, MvcHandler.ProcessRequest will be executed and shown as given below,          void IHttpHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)          {                    this.ProcessRequest(context);          }          protected virtual void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)          {                    // HttpContextWrapper inherits from HttpContextBase                    HttpContextBase ctxBase = new HttpContextWrapper(context);                    this.ProcessRequest(ctxBase);          }          protected internal virtual void ProcessRequest(HttpContextBase ctxBase)          {                    . . .          }             HttpContextBase is the base class. HttpContextWrapper inherits from HttpContextBase, which is the parent class that include information about a single HTTP request. This is what ASP.NET MVC team did, just wrap old instrinsic HttpContext into HttpContextWrapper object and provide opportunity for other framework to provide their own implementation of HttpContextBase. For example           public class MockHttpContext : HttpContextBase          {                    . . .          }                     As you can see, it is very easy to create your own HttpContext. That's what did the third party mock frameworks like TypeMock, Moq, RhinoMocks, or NMock2 to provide their own implementation of ASP.NET instrinsic objects classes.           The key point to note here is the types of ASP.NET instrinsic objects. In ASP.NET Web Form and ASP.NET MVC. For example in ASP.NET Web Form the type of Request object is HttpRequest (which is sealed) and in ASP.NET MVC the type of Request object is HttpRequestBase. This is one of the reason that makes test in ASP.NET WebForm is difficult. because their is no base class and the HttpRequest class is sealed, therefore it cannot act as a base class to others. On the other side ASP.NET MVC always uses a base class to give a chance to third parties and unit test frameworks to create thier own implementation ASP.NET instrinsic object.           Therefore we can say that in ASP.NET MVC, instrinsic objects are of type base classes (for example HttpContextBase) .Actually these base classes had it's own implementation of same interface as the intrinsic objects it abstracts. It includes only virtual members which simply throws an exception. ASP.NET MVC also provides the corresponding wrapper classes (for example, HttpRequestWrapper) which provides a concrete implementation of the base classes in the form of ASP.NET intrinsic object. Other wrapper classes may be defined by third parties in the form of a mock object for testing purpose.           So we can say that a Request object in ASP.NET MVC may be HttpRequestWrapper or may be MockRequestWrapper(assuming that MockRequestWrapper class is used for testing purpose). Here is list of ASP.NET instrinsic and their implementation in ASP.NET MVC in the form of base and wrapper classes. Base Class Wrapper Class ASP.NET Intrinsic Object Description HttpApplicationStateBase HttpApplicationStateWrapper Application HttpApplicationStateBase abstracts the intrinsic Application object HttpBrowserCapabilitiesBase HttpBrowserCapabilitiesWrapper HttpBrowserCapabilities HttpBrowserCapabilitiesBase abstracts the HttpBrowserCapabilities class HttpCachePolicyBase HttpCachePolicyWrapper HttpCachePolicy HttpCachePolicyBase abstracts the HttpCachePolicy class HttpContextBase HttpContextWrapper HttpContext HttpContextBase abstracts the intrinsic HttpContext object HttpFileCollectionBase HttpFileCollectionWrapper HttpFileCollection HttpFileCollectionBase abstracts the HttpFileCollection class HttpPostedFileBase HttpPostedFileWrapper HttpPostedFile HttpPostedFileBase abstracts the HttpPostedFile class HttpRequestBase HttpRequestWrapper Request HttpRequestBase abstracts the intrinsic Request object HttpResponseBase HttpResponseWrapper Response HttpResponseBase abstracts the intrinsic Response object HttpServerUtilityBase HttpServerUtilityWrapper Server HttpServerUtilityBase abstracts the intrinsic Server object HttpSessionStateBase HttpSessionStateWrapper Session HttpSessionStateBase abstracts the intrinsic Session object HttpStaticObjectsCollectionBase HttpStaticObjectsCollectionWrapper HttpStaticObjectsCollection HttpStaticObjectsCollectionBase abstracts the HttpStaticObjectsCollection class      Summary:           ASP.NET MVC provides a set of abstract classes for ASP.NET instrinsic objects in the form of base classes, allowing someone to create their own implementation. In addition, ASP.NET MVC also provide set of concrete classes in the form of wrapper classes. This design really makes application easier to test and even application may replace concrete implementation with thier own implementation, which makes ASP.NET MVC very flexable.

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• ASP.NET Web Forms Extensibility: Providers

  - by Ricardo Peres

  Introduction This will be the first of a number of posts on ASP.NET extensibility. At this moment I don’t know exactly how many will be and I only know a couple of subjects that I want to talk about, so more will come in the next days. I have the sensation that the providers offered by ASP.NET are not widely know, although everyone uses, for example, sessions, they may not be aware of the extensibility points that Microsoft included. This post won’t go into details of how to configure and extend each of the providers, but will hopefully give some pointers on that direction. Canonical These are the most widely known and used providers, coming from ASP.NET 1, chances are, you have used them already. Good support for invoking client side, either from a .NET application or from JavaScript. Lots of server-side controls use them, such as the Login control for example. Membership The Membership provider is responsible for managing registered users, including creating new ones, authenticating them, changing passwords, etc. ASP.NET comes with two implementations, one that uses a SQL Server database and another that uses the Active Directory. The base class is Membership and new providers are registered on the membership section on the Web.config file, as well as parameters for specifying minimum password lengths, complexities, maximum age, etc. One reason for creating a custom provider would be, for example, storing membership information in a different database engine. 1: <membership defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 2: <providers> 3: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly"/> 4: </providers> 5: </membership> Role The Role provider assigns roles to authenticated users. The base class is Role and there are three out of the box implementations: XML-based, SQL Server and Windows-based. Also registered on Web.config through the roleManager section, where you can also say if your roles should be cached on a cookie. If you want your roles to come from a different place, implement a custom provider. 1: <roleManager defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 2: <providers> 3: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> 4: </providers> 5: </roleManager> Profile The Profile provider allows defining a set of properties that will be tied and made available to authenticated or even anonymous ones, which must be tracked by using anonymous authentication. The base class is Profile and the only included implementation stores these settings in a SQL Server database. Configured through profile section, where you also specify the properties to make available, a custom provider would allow storing these properties in different locations. 1: <profile defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 2: <providers> 3: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly"/> 4: </providers> 5: </profile> Basic OK, I didn’t know what to call these, so Basic is probably as good as a name as anything else. Not supported client-side (doesn’t even make sense). Session The Session provider allows storing data tied to the current “session”, which is normally created when a user first accesses the site, even when it is not yet authenticated, and remains all the way. The base class and only included implementation is SessionStateStoreProviderBase and it is capable of storing data in one of three locations: In the process memory (default, not suitable for web farms or increased reliability); A SQL Server database (best for reliability and clustering); The ASP.NET State Service, which is a Windows Service that is installed with the .NET Framework (ok for clustering). The configuration is made through the sessionState section. By adding a custom Session provider, you can store the data in different locations – think for example of a distributed cache. 1: <sessionState customProvider=”MyProvider”> 2: <providers> 3: <add name=”MyProvider” type=”MyClass, MyAssembly” /> 4: </providers> 5: </sessionState> Resource A not so known provider, allows you to change the origin of localized resource elements. By default, these come from RESX files and are used whenever you use the Resources expression builder or the GetGlobalResourceObject and GetLocalResourceObject methods, but if you implement a custom provider, you can have these elements come from some place else, such as a database. The base class is ResourceProviderFactory and there’s only one internal implementation which uses these RESX files. Configuration is through the globalization section. 1: <globalization resourceProviderFactoryType="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> Health Monitoring Health Monitoring is also probably not so well known, and actually not a good name for it. First, in order to understand what it does, you have to know that ASP.NET fires “events” at specific times and when specific things happen, such as when logging in, an exception is raised. These are not user interface events and you can create your own and fire them, nothing will happen, but the Health Monitoring provider will detect it. You can configure it to do things when certain conditions are met, such as a number of events being fired in a certain amount of time. You define these rules and route them to a specific provider, which must inherit from WebEventProvider. Out of the box implementations include sending mails, logging to a SQL Server database, writing to the Windows Event Log, Windows Management Instrumentation, the IIS 7 Trace infrastructure or the debugger Trace. Its configuration is achieved by the healthMonitoring section and a reason for implementing a custom provider would be, for example, locking down a web application in the event of a significant number of failed login attempts occurring in a small period of time. 1: <healthMonitoring> 2: <providers> 3: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly"/> 4: </providers> 5: </healthMonitoring> Sitemap The Sitemap provider allows defining the site’s navigation structure and associated required permissions for each node, in a tree-like fashion. Usually this is statically defined, and the included provider allows it, by supplying this structure in a Web.sitemap XML file. The base class is SiteMapProvider and you can extend it in order to supply you own source for the site’s structure, which may even be dynamic. Its configuration must be done through the siteMap section. 1: <siteMap defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 2: <providers><add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> 3: </providers> 4: </siteMap> Web Part Personalization Web Parts are better known by SharePoint users, but since ASP.NET 2.0 they are included in the core Framework. Web Parts are server-side controls that offer certain possibilities of configuration by clients visiting the page where they are located. The infrastructure handles this configuration per user or globally for all users and this provider is responsible for just that. The base class is PersonalizationProvider and the only included implementation stores settings on SQL Server. Add new providers through the personalization section. 1: <webParts> 2: <personalization defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 3: <providers> 4: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly"/> 5: </providers> 6: </personalization> 7: </webParts> Build The Build provider is responsible for compiling whatever files are present on your web folder. There’s a base class, BuildProvider, and, as can be expected, internal implementations for building pages (ASPX), master pages (Master), user web controls (ASCX), handlers (ASHX), themes (Skin), XML Schemas (XSD), web services (ASMX, SVC), resources (RESX), browser capabilities files (Browser) and so on. You would write a build provider if you wanted to generate code from any kind of non-code file so that you have strong typing at development time. Configuration goes on the buildProviders section and it is per extension. 1: <buildProviders> 2: <add extension=".ext" type="MyClass, MyAssembly” /> 3: </buildProviders> New in ASP.NET 4 Not exactly new since they exist since 2010, but in ASP.NET terms, still new. Output Cache The Output Cache for ASPX pages and ASCX user controls is now extensible, through the Output Cache provider, which means you can implement a custom mechanism for storing and retrieving cached data, for example, in a distributed fashion. The base class is OutputCacheProvider and the only implementation is private. Configuration goes on the outputCache section and on each page and web user control you can choose the provider you want to use. 1: <caching> 2: <outputCache defaultProvider="MyProvider"> 3: <providers> 4: <add name="MyProvider" type="MyClass, MyAssembly"/> 5: </providers> 6: </outputCache> 7: </caching> Request Validation A big change introduced in ASP.NET 4 (and refined in 4.5, by the way) is the introduction of extensible request validation, by means of a Request Validation provider. This means we are not limited to either enabling or disabling event validation for all pages or for a specific page, but we now have fine control over each of the elements of the request, including cookies, headers, query string and form values. The base provider class is RequestValidator and the configuration goes on the httpRuntime section. 1: <httpRuntime requestValidationType="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> Browser Capabilities The Browser Capabilities provider is new in ASP.NET 4, although the concept exists from ASP.NET 2. The idea is to map a browser brand and version to its supported capabilities, such as JavaScript version, Flash support, ActiveX support, and so on. Previously, this was all hardcoded in .Browser files located in %WINDIR%\Microsoft.NET\Framework(64)\vXXXXX\Config\Browsers, but now you can have a class inherit from HttpCapabilitiesProvider and implement your own mechanism. Register in on the browserCaps section. 1: <browserCaps provider="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> Encoder The Encoder provider is responsible for encoding every string that is sent to the browser on a page or header. This includes for example converting special characters for their standard codes and is implemented by the base class HttpEncoder. Another implementation takes care of Anti Cross Site Scripting (XSS) attacks. Build your own by inheriting from one of these classes if you want to add some additional processing to these strings. The configuration will go on the httpRuntime section. 1: <httpRuntime encoderType="MyClass, MyAssembly" /> Conclusion That’s about it for ASP.NET providers. It was by no means a thorough description, but I hope I managed to raise your interest on this subject. There are lots of pointers on the Internet, so I only included direct references to the Framework classes and configuration sections. Stay tuned for more extensibility!

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• Puppet inheritance of parametrized classes

  - by paweloque

  I have a situation in puppet where I want to inherit from a parametrized class: class base ($basepath) { ... } class extends_base ($ext_param) inherits base { ... } Now trying to instantiate the extends_base class I get the following error message: Must pass basepath to Class[Base] However, I don't see a way how to pass the basepath parameter to the Base class.. I tried to pass the param in the Class[Extends_base] definition, puppet doesn't like this either.

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• Delphi 2009 MS Build headaches

  - by X-Ray

  does anyone know of any good description of delphi's build system? (i know it's using MS Build.) i'm using delphi 2009. i wanted to set up a variation of the Debug build configuration that (often) has different defines (d2009 seems to call them "preprocessor symbols"). the problem i'm having is that--even though i turned off "inherit" for "Base" and "Debug"--have only very limited control. for example, i can't get rid of FastMM_. <PropertyGroup> <ProjectGuid>{D7FE7347-8E2C-438C-A275-38B8DA9244B0}</ProjectGuid> <ProjectVersion>12.0</ProjectVersion> <MainSource>oca.dpr</MainSource> <Config Condition="'$(Config)'==''">Debug</Config> <DCC_DCCCompiler>DCC32</DCC_DCCCompiler> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Config)'=='Base' or '$(Base)'!=''"> <Base>true</Base> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Config)'=='Release' or '$(Cfg_1)'!=''"> <Cfg_1>true</Cfg_1> <CfgParent>Base</CfgParent> <Base>true</Base> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Config)'=='Debug' or '$(Cfg_2)'!=''"> <Cfg_2>true</Cfg_2> <CfgParent>Base</CfgParent> <Base>true</Base> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Base)'!=''"> <DCC_StringChecks>off</DCC_StringChecks> <DCC_MinimumEnumSize>4</DCC_MinimumEnumSize> <DCC_RangeChecking>true</DCC_RangeChecking> <DCC_IntegerOverflowCheck>true</DCC_IntegerOverflowCheck> <DCC_UNIT_PLATFORM>false</DCC_UNIT_PLATFORM> <DCC_SYMBOL_PLATFORM>false</DCC_SYMBOL_PLATFORM> <DCC_DcuOutput>.\dcu</DCC_DcuOutput> <DCC_UnitSearchPath>C:\Prj\Lib\AutoQADocking\Delphi2009.Win32\Lib;$(BDS)\Source\DUnit\src;$(DCC_UnitSearchPath)</DCC_UnitSearchPath> <DCC_Optimize>false</DCC_Optimize> <DCC_DependencyCheckOutputName>oca.exe</DCC_DependencyCheckOutputName> <DCC_ImageBase>00400000</DCC_ImageBase> <DCC_UnitAlias>WinTypes=Windows;WinProcs=Windows;DbiTypes=BDE;DbiProcs=BDE;DbiErrs=BDE;$(DCC_UnitAlias)</DCC_UnitAlias> <DCC_Platform>x86</DCC_Platform> <DCC_E>false</DCC_E> <DCC_N>false</DCC_N> <DCC_S>false</DCC_S> <DCC_F>false</DCC_F> <DCC_K>false</DCC_K> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Cfg_1)'!=''"> <DCC_PentiumSafeDivide>true</DCC_PentiumSafeDivide> <DCC_Optimize>true</DCC_Optimize> <DCC_IntegerOverflowCheck>false</DCC_IntegerOverflowCheck> <BRCC_Defines>MadExcept;FastMM;$(BRCC_Defines)</BRCC_Defines> <DCC_AssertionsAtRuntime>false</DCC_AssertionsAtRuntime> <DCC_LocalDebugSymbols>false</DCC_LocalDebugSymbols> <DCC_Define>RELEASE;$(DCC_Define)</DCC_Define> <DCC_SymbolReferenceInfo>0</DCC_SymbolReferenceInfo> <DCC_DebugInformation>false</DCC_DebugInformation> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Cfg_2)'!=''"> <DCC_DebugInfoInExe>true</DCC_DebugInfoInExe> <BRCC_Defines>FastMM</BRCC_Defines> <DCC_DebugDCUs>true</DCC_DebugDCUs> <DCC_MapFile>3</DCC_MapFile> <DCC_Define>DEBUG;FastMM_;madExcept;$(DCC_Define)</DCC_Define> </PropertyGroup> i even had to edit it today with notepad to get rid of a DCC define that the delphi UI doesn't seem to give access to. (it said "From Delphi Compiler" for the item i couldn't remove.) does anyone know a good primer on the use of this feature in delphi? thank you!

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• REST API Help in Rails

  - by dannymcc

  Hi Everyone, I am trying to get some information posted using our accountancy package (FreeAgentCentral) using their API via a GEM. http://github.com/aaronrussell/freeagent_api/ I have the following code to get it working (supposedly): Kase Controller def create @kase = Kase.new(params[:kase]) @company = Company.find(params[:kase][:company_id]) @kase = @company.kases.create!(params[:kase]) respond_to do |format| if @kase.save UserMailer.deliver_makeakase("[email protected]", "Highrise", @kase) @kase.create_freeagent_project(current_user) #flash[:notice] = 'Case was successfully created.' flash[:notice] = fading_flash_message("Case was successfully created & sent to Highrise.", 5) format.html { redirect_to(@kase) } format.xml { render :xml => @kase, :status => :created, :location => @kase } else format.html { render :action => "new" } format.xml { render :xml => @kase.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end end To save you looking through, the important part is: @kase.create_freeagent_project(current_user) Kase Model # FreeAgent API Project Create # Required attribues # :contact_id # :name # :payment_term_in_days # :billing_basis # must be 1, 7, 7.5, or 8 # :budget_units # must be Hours, Days, or Monetary # :status # must be Active or Completed def create_freeagent_project(current_user) p = Freeagent::Project.create( :contact_id => 0, :name => "#{jobno} - #{highrisesubject}", :payment_terms_in_days => 5, :billing_basis => 1, :budget_units => 'Hours', :status => 'Active' ) user = Freeagent::User.find_by_email(current_user.email) Freeagent::Timeslip.create( :project_id => p.id, :user_id => user.id, :hours => 1, :new_task => 'Setup', :dated_on => Time.now ) end lib/freeagent_api.rb require 'rubygems' gem 'activeresource', '< 3.0.0.beta1' require 'active_resource' module Freeagent class << self def authenticate(options) Base.authenticate(options) end end class Error < StandardError; end class Base < ActiveResource::Base def self.authenticate(options) self.site = "https://#{options[:domain]}" self.user = options[:username] self.password = options[:password] end end # Company class Company def self.invoice_timeline InvoiceTimeline.find :all, :from => '/company/invoice_timeline.xml' end def self.tax_timeline TaxTimeline.find :all, :from => '/company/tax_timeline.xml' end end class InvoiceTimeline < Base self.prefix = '/company/' end class TaxTimeline < Base self.prefix = '/company/' end # Contacts class Contact < Base end # Projects class Project < Base def invoices Invoice.find :all, :from => "/projects/#{id}/invoices.xml" end def timeslips Timeslip.find :all, :from => "/projects/#{id}/timeslips.xml" end end # Tasks - Complete class Task < Base self.prefix = '/projects/:project_id/' end # Invoices - Complete class Invoice < Base def mark_as_draft connection.put("/invoices/#{id}/mark_as_draft.xml", encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response| load_attributes_from_response(response) end end def mark_as_sent connection.put("/invoices/#{id}/mark_as_sent.xml", encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response| load_attributes_from_response(response) end end def mark_as_cancelled connection.put("/invoices/#{id}/mark_as_cancelled.xml", encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response| load_attributes_from_response(response) end end end # Invoice items - Complete class InvoiceItem < Base self.prefix = '/invoices/:invoice_id/' end # Timeslips class Timeslip < Base def self.find(*arguments) scope = arguments.slice!(0) options = arguments.slice!(0) || {} if options[:params] && options[:params][:from] && options[:params][:to] options[:params][:view] = options[:params][:from]+'_'+options[:params][:to] options[:params].delete(:from) options[:params].delete(:to) end case scope when :all then find_every(options) when :first then find_every(options).first when :last then find_every(options).last when :one then find_one(options) else find_single(scope, options) end end end # Users class User < Base self.prefix = '/company/' def self.find_by_email(email) users = User.find :all users.each do |u| u.email == email ? (return u) : next end raise Error, "No user matches that email!" end end end config/initializers/freeagent.rb Freeagent.authenticate({ :domain => 'XXXXX.freeagentcentral.com', :username => '[email protected]', :password => 'XXXXXX' }) The above render the following error when trying to create a new Case and send the details to FreeAgent: ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound in KasesController#create Failed with 404 Not Found and ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound (Failed with 404 Not Found): app/models/kase.rb:56:in `create_freeagent_project' app/controllers/kases_controller.rb:96:in `create' app/controllers/kases_controller.rb:93:in `create' Rendered rescues/_trace (176.5ms) Rendered rescues/_request_and_response (1.1ms) Rendering rescues/layout (internal_server_error) If anyone can shed any light on this problem it would be greatly appreciated! Thanks, Danny

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• Using implicit conversion as a substitute for multiple inheritance in .NET

  - by Daniel Plaisted

  I have a situation where I would like to have objects of a certain type be able to be used as two different types. If one of the "base" types was an interface this wouldn't be an issue, but in my case it is preferable that they both be concrete types. I am considering adding copies of the methods and properties of one of the base types to the derived type, and adding an implicit conversion from the derived type to that base type. Then users will be able treat the derived type as the base type by using the duplicated methods directly, by assigning it to a variable of the base type, or by passing it to a method that takes the base type. It seems like this solution will fit my needs well, but am I missing anything? Is there a situation where this won't work, or where it is likely to add confusion instead of simplicity when using the API?

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• Table-level diff and sync procedure for T-SQL

  - by Ville Koskinen

  I'm interested in T-SQL source code for synchronizing a table (or perhaps a subset of it) with data from another similar table. The two tables could contain any variables, for example I could have base table source table ========== ============ id val id val ---------- ------------ 0 1 0 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 4 or base table source table =================== ================== key val1 val2 key val1 val2 ------------------- ------------------ A 1 0 A 1 1 B 2 1 C 2 2 C 3 3 E 4 0 or any two tables containing similar columns with similar names. I'd like to be able to check that the two tables have matching columns: the source table has exactly the same columns as the base table and the datatypes match make a diff from the base table to the source table do the necessary updates, deletes and inserts to change the data in the base table to correspond the source table optionally limit the diff to a subset of the base table, preferrably with a stored procedure. Has anyone written a stored proc for this or could you point to a source?

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• Inheriting and static members

  - by Bruce

  Here is my code - #include <iostream> #include <conio.h> using namespace std; class Base { public: int a; }; //int Base::a = 5; class Derived : public Base { public: int static a; }; int main() { Derived d; cout<<d.a; getch(); return 0; } I get a linker error here. But when I do it the other way round - class Base { public: int static a; }; int Base::a = 5; class Derived : public Base { public: int a; }; I get no error. Can someone please explain what is happening here.

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• Is there a way to achieve covariance of generic types in C# 3.0?

  - by nullDev

  This has been introduced in C# 4.0, but is there a way to achieve this in c# 3.0? For e.g., consider the following code: class Base { } class Derived1 : Base { } class Derived2 : Base { } class User<T> where T : Base { } class User1 : User<Derived1> { } Now, I would like to have a list of User<T>, in which I can store User<Derived1> as well as User<Derived2>, but the following code fails to compile in C# 3.0: List<User<Base>> users = new List<User<Base>>(); users.Add(new User1()); Any ideas?

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• Lua metatable Objects cannot be purge from memory?

  - by Prometheus3k

  Hi there, I'm using a proprietary platform that reported memory usage in realtime on screen. I decided to use a Class.lua I found on http://lua-users.org/wiki/SimpleLuaClasses However, I noticed memory issues when purging object created by this using a simple Account class. Specifically, I would start with say 146k of memory used, create 1000 objects of a class that just holds an integer instance variable and store each object into a table. The memory used is now 300k I would then exit, iterating through the table and setting each element in the table to nil. But would never get back the 146k, usually after this I am left using 210k or something similar. If I run the load sequence again during the same session, it does not exceed 300k so it is not a memory leak. I have tried creating 1000 integers in a table and setting these to nil, which does give me back 146k. In addition I've tried a simpler class file (Account2.lua) that doesn't rely on a class.lua. This still incurs memory fragmentation but not as much as the one that uses Class.lua Can anybody explain what is going on here? How can I purge these objects and get back the memory? here is the code --------Class.lua------ -- class.lua -- Compatible with Lua 5.1 (not 5.0). --http://lua-users.org/wiki/SimpleLuaClasses function class(base,ctor) local c = {} -- a new class instance if not ctor and type(base) == 'function' then ctor = base base = nil elseif type(base) == 'table' then -- our new class is a shallow copy of the base class! for i,v in pairs(base) do c[i] = v end c._base = base end -- the class will be the metatable for all its objects, -- and they will look up their methods in it. c.__index = c -- expose a ctor which can be called by () local mt = {} mt.__call = function(class_tbl,...) local obj = {} setmetatable(obj,c) if ctor then ctor(obj,...) else -- make sure that any stuff from the base class is initialized! if base and base.init then base.init(obj,...) end end return obj end c.init = ctor c.instanceOf = function(self,klass) local m = getmetatable(self) while m do if m == klass then return true end m = m._base end return false end setmetatable(c,mt) return c end --------Account.lua------ --Import Class template require 'class' local classname = "Account" --Declare class Constructor Account = class(function(acc,balance) --Instance variables declared here. if(balance ~= nil)then acc.balance = balance else --default value acc.balance = 2097 end acc.classname = classname end) --------Account2.lua------ local account2 = {} account2.classname = "unnamed" account2.balance = 2097 -----------Constructor 1 do local metatable = { __index = account2; } function Account2() return setmetatable({}, metatable); end end --------Main.lua------ require 'Account' require 'Account2' MAX_OBJ = 5000; test_value = 1000; Obj_Table = {}; MODE_ACC0 = 0 --integers MODE_ACC1 = 1 --Account MODE_ACC2 = 2 --Account2 TEST_MODE = MODE_ACC0; Lua_mem = ""; print("##1) collectgarbage('count'): " .. collectgarbage('count')); function Load() for i=1, MAX_OBJ do if(TEST_MODE == MODE_ACC0 )then table.insert(Obj_Table, test_value); elseif(TEST_MODE == MODE_ACC1 )then table.insert(Obj_Table, Account(test_value)); --Account.lua elseif(TEST_MODE == MODE_ACC2 )then table.insert(Obj_Table, Account2()); --Account2.lua Obj_Table[i].balance = test_value; end end print("##2) collectgarbage('count'): " .. collectgarbage('count')); end function Purge() --metatable purge if(TEST_MODE ~= MODE_ACC0)then --purge stage 0: print("set each elements metatable to nil") for i=1, MAX_OBJ do setmetatable(Obj_Table[i], nil); end end --purge stage 1: print("set table element to nil") for i=1, MAX_OBJ do Obj_Table[i] = nil; end --purge stage 2: print("start table.remove..."); for i=1, MAX_OBJ do table.remove(Obj_Table, i); end print("...end table.remove"); --purge stage 3: print("create new object_table {}"); Obj_Table= {}; --purge stage 4: print("collectgarbage('collect')"); collectgarbage('collect'); print("##3) collectgarbage('count'): " .. collectgarbage('count')); end --Loop callback function OnUpdate() collectgarbage('collect'); Lua_mem = collectgarbage('count'); end ------------------- --NOTE: --On start of game runs Load(), another runs Purge() --Update I've updated the code with suggestions from comments below, and will post my findings later today.

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