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• STL find performs bettern than hand-crafter loop

  - by dusha

  Hello all, I have some question. Given the following C++ code fragment: #include <boost/progress.hpp> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <numeric> #include <iostream> struct incrementor { incrementor() : curr_() {} unsigned int operator()() { return curr_++; } private: unsigned int curr_; }; template<class Vec> char const* value_found(Vec const& v, typename Vec::const_iterator i) { return i==v.end() ? "no" : "yes"; } template<class Vec> typename Vec::const_iterator find1(Vec const& v, typename Vec::value_type val) { return find(v.begin(), v.end(), val); } template<class Vec> typename Vec::const_iterator find2(Vec const& v, typename Vec::value_type val) { for(typename Vec::const_iterator i=v.begin(), end=v.end(); i<end; ++i) if(*i==val) return i; return v.end(); } int main() { using namespace std; typedef vector<unsigned int>::const_iterator iter; vector<unsigned int> vec; vec.reserve(10000000); boost::progress_timer pt; generate_n(back_inserter(vec), vec.capacity(), incrementor()); //added this line, to avoid any doubts, that compiler is able to // guess the data is sorted random_shuffle(vec.begin(), vec.end()); cout << "value generation required: " << pt.elapsed() << endl; double d; pt.restart(); iter found=find1(vec, vec.capacity()); d=pt.elapsed(); cout << "first search required: " << d << endl; cout << "first search found value: " << value_found(vec, found)<< endl; pt.restart(); found=find2(vec, vec.capacity()); d=pt.elapsed(); cout << "second search required: " << d << endl; cout << "second search found value: " << value_found(vec, found)<< endl; return 0; } On my machine (Intel i7, Windows Vista) STL find (call via find1) runs about 10 times faster than the hand-crafted loop (call via find2). I first thought that Visual C++ performs some kind of vectorization (may be I am mistaken here), but as far as I can see assembly does not look the way it uses vectorization. Why is STL loop faster? Hand-crafted loop is identical to the loop from the STL-find body. I was asked to post program's output. Without shuffle: value generation required: 0.078 first search required: 0.008 first search found value: no second search required: 0.098 second search found value: no With shuffle (caching effects): value generation required: 1.454 first search required: 0.009 first search found value: no second search required: 0.044 second search found value: no Many thanks, dusha. P.S. I return the iterator and write out the result (found or not), because I would like to prevent compiler optimization, that it thinks the loop is not required at all. The searched value is obviously not in the vector.

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• CoreData: Same predicate (IN) returns different fetched results after a Save operation

  - by Jason Lee

  I have code below: NSArray *existedTasks = [[TaskBizDB sharedInstance] fetchTasksWatchedByMeOfProject:projectId]; [context save:&error]; existedTasks = [[TaskBizDB sharedInstance] fetchTasksWatchedByMeOfProject:projectId]; NSArray *allTasks = [[TaskBizDB sharedInstance] fetchTasksOfProject:projectId]; First line returns two objects; Second line save the context; Third line returns just one object, which is contained in the 'two objects' above; And the last line returns 6 objects, containing the 'two objects' returned at the first line. The fetch interface works like below: WXModel *model = [WXModel modelWithEntity:NSStringFromClass([WQPKTeamTask class])]; NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(%@ IN personWatchers) AND (projectId == %d)", currentLoginUser, projectId]; [model setPredicate:predicate]; NSArray *fetchedTasks = [model fetch]; if (fetchedTasks.count == 0) return nil; return fetchedTasks; What confused me is that, with the same fetch request, why return different results just after a save? Here comes more detail: The 'two objects' returned at the first line are: <WQPKTeamTask: 0x1b92fcc0> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0x1b9300f0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p9> ; data: { projectId = 372004; taskId = 338001; personWatchers = ( "0xf0bf440 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WWPerson/p1>" ); } <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf3f6130> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf3cb8d0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p11> ; data: { projectId = 372004; taskId = 340006; personWatchers = ( "0xf0bf440 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WWPerson/p1>" ); } And the only one object returned at third line is: <WQPKTeamTask: 0x1b92fcc0> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0x1b9300f0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p9> ; data: { projectId = 372004; taskId = 338001; personWatchers = ( "0xf0bf440 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WWPerson/p1>" ); } Printing description of allTasks: <_PFArray 0xf30b9a0>( <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf3ab9d0> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf3cda40 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p6> ; data: <fault>), <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf315720> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf3c23a0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p7> ; data: <fault>), <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf3a1ed0> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf3cda30 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p8> ; data: <fault>), <WQPKTeamTask: 0x1b92fcc0> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0x1b9300f0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p9> ; data: { projectId = 372004; taskId = 338001; personWatchers = ( "0xf0bf440 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WWPerson/p1>" ); }), <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf325e50> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf343820 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p10> ; data: <fault>), <WQPKTeamTask: 0xf3f6130> (entity: WQPKTeamTask; id: 0xf3cb8d0 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WQPKTeamTask/p11> ; data: { projectId = 372004; taskId = 340006; personWatchers = ( "0xf0bf440 <x-coredata://CFFD3F8B-E613-4DE8-85AA-4D6DD08E88C5/WWPerson/p1>" ); }) ) UPDATE 1 If I call the same interface fetchTasksWatchedByMeOfProject: in: #pragma mark - NSFetchedResultsController Delegate - (void)controllerDidChangeContent:(NSFetchedResultsController *)controller { I will get 'two objects' as well. UPDATE 2 I've tried: NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(ANY personWatchers == %@) AND (projectId == %d)", currentLoginUser, projectId]; NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"(ANY personWatchers.personId == %@) AND (projectId == %d)", currentLoginUserId, projectId]; Still the same result. UPDATE 3 I've checked the save:&error, error is nil.

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• Losing data after reading them correct from file

  - by user1388172

  i have the fallowing class of object with a class a data structure which i use in main combined. The ADT(abstract data type) is a linked list. After i read from file the input data and create and object which at print looks just fine after a print. after i push_back() the 3-rd int variable get initializated to 0. So example and code: Example: ex.in: 1 7 31 2 2 2 3 3 3 now i create objects from each line, which at print look as they suppose, but after push_back(): 1 7 0 2 2 0 3 3 0 Class.h: class RAngle { private: int x,y,l,b; public: int solution,prec; RAngle(){ x = y = solution = prec = b = l =0; } RAngle(int i,int j,int k){ x = i; y = j; l = k; solution = 0; prec=0; b=0; } friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const RAngle& ra){ out << ra.x << " " << ra.y << " " << ra.l <<endl; return out; } friend istream& operator >>( istream& is, RAngle& ra){ is >> ra.x; is >> ra.y; is >> ra.l; return is ; } }; ADT.h: template <class T> class List { private: struct Elem { T data; Elem* next; }; Elem* first; T pop_front(){ if (first!=NULL) { T aux = first->data; first = first->next; return aux; } T a; return a; } void push_back(T data){ Elem *n = new Elem; n->data = data; n->next = NULL; if (first == NULL) { first = n; return ; } Elem *current; for(current=first;current->next != NULL;current=current->next); current->next = n; } Main.cpp(after i call this function in main which prints object as they suppose to be the x var(from RAngle class) changes to 0 in all cases.) void readData(List <RAngle> &l){ RAngle r; ifstream f_in; f_in.open("ex.in",ios::in); for(int i=0;i<10;++i){ f_in >> r; cout << r; l.push_back(r); }

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• Advanced TSQL Tuning: Why Internals Knowledge Matters

  - by Paul White

  There is much more to query tuning than reducing logical reads and adding covering nonclustered indexes.  Query tuning is not complete as soon as the query returns results quickly in the development or test environments.  In production, your query will compete for memory, CPU, locks, I/O and other resources on the server.  Today’s entry looks at some tuning considerations that are often overlooked, and shows how deep internals knowledge can help you write better TSQL. As always, we’ll need some example data.  In fact, we are going to use three tables today, each of which is structured like this: Each table has 50,000 rows made up of an INTEGER id column and a padding column containing 3,999 characters in every row.  The only difference between the three tables is in the type of the padding column: the first table uses CHAR(3999), the second uses VARCHAR(MAX), and the third uses the deprecated TEXT type.  A script to create a database with the three tables and load the sample data follows: USE master; GO IF DB_ID('SortTest') IS NOT NULL DROP DATABASE SortTest; GO CREATE DATABASE SortTest COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_BIN; GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest MODIFY FILE ( NAME = 'SortTest', SIZE = 3GB, MAXSIZE = 3GB ); GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest MODIFY FILE ( NAME = 'SortTest_log', SIZE = 256MB, MAXSIZE = 1GB, FILEGROWTH = 128MB ); GO ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_CLOSE OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_SHRINK OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS_ASYNC ON ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET PARAMETERIZATION SIMPLE ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET READ_COMMITTED_SNAPSHOT OFF ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET MULTI_USER ; ALTER DATABASE SortTest SET RECOVERY SIMPLE ; USE SortTest; GO CREATE TABLE dbo.TestCHAR ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding CHAR(3999) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestCHAR (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; CREATE TABLE dbo.TestMAX ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestMAX (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; CREATE TABLE dbo.TestTEXT ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding TEXT NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestTEXT (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; -- ============= -- Load TestCHAR (about 3s) -- ============= INSERT INTO dbo.TestCHAR WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT padding = REPLICATE(CHAR(65 + (Data.n % 26)), 3999) FROM ( SELECT TOP (50000) n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) - 1 FROM master.sys.columns C1, master.sys.columns C2, master.sys.columns C3 ORDER BY n ASC ) AS Data ORDER BY Data.n ASC ; -- ============ -- Load TestMAX (about 3s) -- ============ INSERT INTO dbo.TestMAX WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(MAX), padding) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; -- ============= -- Load TestTEXT (about 5s) -- ============= INSERT INTO dbo.TestTEXT WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT CONVERT(TEXT, padding) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; -- ========== -- Space used -- ========== -- EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestCHAR'; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestMAX'; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestTEXT'; ; CHECKPOINT ; That takes around 15 seconds to run, and shows the space allocated to each table in its output: To illustrate the points I want to make today, the example task we are going to set ourselves is to return a random set of 150 rows from each table.  The basic shape of the test query is the same for each of the three test tables: SELECT TOP (150) T.id, T.padding FROM dbo.Test AS T ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; Test 1 – CHAR(3999) Running the template query shown above using the TestCHAR table as the target, we find that the query takes around 5 seconds to return its results.  This seems slow, considering that the table only has 50,000 rows.  Working on the assumption that generating a GUID for each row is a CPU-intensive operation, we might try enabling parallelism to see if that speeds up the response time.  Running the query again (but without the MAXDOP 1 hint) on a machine with eight logical processors, the query now takes 10 seconds to execute – twice as long as when run serially. Rather than attempting further guesses at the cause of the slowness, let’s go back to serial execution and add some monitoring.  The script below monitors STATISTICS IO output and the amount of tempdb used by the test query.  We will also run a Profiler trace to capture any warnings generated during query execution. DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TC.id, TC.padding FROM dbo.TestCHAR AS TC ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; Let’s take a closer look at the statistics and query plan generated from this: Following the flow of the data from right to left, we see the expected 50,000 rows emerging from the Clustered Index Scan, with a total estimated size of around 191MB.  The Compute Scalar adds a column containing a random GUID (generated from the NEWID() function call) for each row.  With this extra column in place, the size of the data arriving at the Sort operator is estimated to be 192MB. Sort is a blocking operator – it has to examine all of the rows on its input before it can produce its first row of output (the last row received might sort first).  This characteristic means that Sort requires a memory grant – memory allocated for the query’s use by SQL Server just before execution starts.  In this case, the Sort is the only memory-consuming operator in the plan, so it has access to the full 243MB (248,696KB) of memory reserved by SQL Server for this query execution. Notice that the memory grant is significantly larger than the expected size of the data to be sorted.  SQL Server uses a number of techniques to speed up sorting, some of which sacrifice size for comparison speed.  Sorts typically require a very large number of comparisons, so this is usually a very effective optimization.  One of the drawbacks is that it is not possible to exactly predict the sort space needed, as it depends on the data itself.  SQL Server takes an educated guess based on data types, sizes, and the number of rows expected, but the algorithm is not perfect. In spite of the large memory grant, the Profiler trace shows a Sort Warning event (indicating that the sort ran out of memory), and the tempdb usage monitor shows that 195MB of tempdb space was used – all of that for system use.  The 195MB represents physical write activity on tempdb, because SQL Server strictly enforces memory grants – a query cannot ‘cheat’ and effectively gain extra memory by spilling to tempdb pages that reside in memory.  Anyway, the key point here is that it takes a while to write 195MB to disk, and this is the main reason that the query takes 5 seconds overall. If you are wondering why using parallelism made the problem worse, consider that eight threads of execution result in eight concurrent partial sorts, each receiving one eighth of the memory grant.  The eight sorts all spilled to tempdb, resulting in inefficiencies as the spilled sorts competed for disk resources.  More importantly, there are specific problems at the point where the eight partial results are combined, but I’ll cover that in a future post. CHAR(3999) Performance Summary: 5 seconds elapsed time 243MB memory grant 195MB tempdb usage 192MB estimated sort set 25,043 logical reads Sort Warning Test 2 – VARCHAR(MAX) We’ll now run exactly the same test (with the additional monitoring) on the table using a VARCHAR(MAX) padding column: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TM.id, TM.padding FROM dbo.TestMAX AS TM ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; This time the query takes around 8 seconds to complete (3 seconds longer than Test 1).  Notice that the estimated row and data sizes are very slightly larger, and the overall memory grant has also increased very slightly to 245MB.  The most marked difference is in the amount of tempdb space used – this query wrote almost 391MB of sort run data to the physical tempdb file.  Don’t draw any general conclusions about VARCHAR(MAX) versus CHAR from this – I chose the length of the data specifically to expose this edge case.  In most cases, VARCHAR(MAX) performs very similarly to CHAR – I just wanted to make test 2 a bit more exciting. MAX Performance Summary: 8 seconds elapsed time 245MB memory grant 391MB tempdb usage 193MB estimated sort set 25,043 logical reads Sort warning Test 3 – TEXT The same test again, but using the deprecated TEXT data type for the padding column: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) TT.id, TT.padding FROM dbo.TestTEXT AS TT ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1, RECOMPILE) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; This time the query runs in 500ms.  If you look at the metrics we have been checking so far, it’s not hard to understand why: TEXT Performance Summary: 0.5 seconds elapsed time 9MB memory grant 5MB tempdb usage 5MB estimated sort set 207 logical reads 596 LOB logical reads Sort warning SQL Server’s memory grant algorithm still underestimates the memory needed to perform the sorting operation, but the size of the data to sort is so much smaller (5MB versus 193MB previously) that the spilled sort doesn’t matter very much.  Why is the data size so much smaller?  The query still produces the correct results – including the large amount of data held in the padding column – so what magic is being performed here? TEXT versus MAX Storage The answer lies in how columns of the TEXT data type are stored.  By default, TEXT data is stored off-row in separate LOB pages – which explains why this is the first query we have seen that records LOB logical reads in its STATISTICS IO output.  You may recall from my last post that LOB data leaves an in-row pointer to the separate storage structure holding the LOB data. SQL Server can see that the full LOB value is not required by the query plan until results are returned, so instead of passing the full LOB value down the plan from the Clustered Index Scan, it passes the small in-row structure instead.  SQL Server estimates that each row coming from the scan will be 79 bytes long – 11 bytes for row overhead, 4 bytes for the integer id column, and 64 bytes for the LOB pointer (in fact the pointer is rather smaller – usually 16 bytes – but the details of that don’t really matter right now). OK, so this query is much more efficient because it is sorting a very much smaller data set – SQL Server delays retrieving the LOB data itself until after the Sort starts producing its 150 rows.  The question that normally arises at this point is: Why doesn’t SQL Server use the same trick when the padding column is defined as VARCHAR(MAX)? The answer is connected with the fact that if the actual size of the VARCHAR(MAX) data is 8000 bytes or less, it is usually stored in-row in exactly the same way as for a VARCHAR(8000) column – MAX data only moves off-row into LOB storage when it exceeds 8000 bytes.  The default behaviour of the TEXT type is to be stored off-row by default, unless the ‘text in row’ table option is set suitably and there is room on the page.  There is an analogous (but opposite) setting to control the storage of MAX data – the ‘large value types out of row’ table option.  By enabling this option for a table, MAX data will be stored off-row (in a LOB structure) instead of in-row.  SQL Server Books Online has good coverage of both options in the topic In Row Data. The MAXOOR Table The essential difference, then, is that MAX defaults to in-row storage, and TEXT defaults to off-row (LOB) storage.  You might be thinking that we could get the same benefits seen for the TEXT data type by storing the VARCHAR(MAX) values off row – so let’s look at that option now.  This script creates a fourth table, with the VARCHAR(MAX) data stored off-row in LOB pages: CREATE TABLE dbo.TestMAXOOR ( id INTEGER IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL, padding VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,   CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.TestMAXOOR (id)] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (id), ) ; EXECUTE sys.sp_tableoption @TableNamePattern = N'dbo.TestMAXOOR', @OptionName = 'large value types out of row', @OptionValue = 'true' ; SELECT large_value_types_out_of_row FROM sys.tables WHERE [schema_id] = SCHEMA_ID(N'dbo') AND name = N'TestMAXOOR' ; INSERT INTO dbo.TestMAXOOR WITH (TABLOCKX) ( padding ) SELECT SPACE(0) FROM dbo.TestCHAR ORDER BY id ; UPDATE TM WITH (TABLOCK) SET padding.WRITE (TC.padding, NULL, NULL) FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR AS TM JOIN dbo.TestCHAR AS TC ON TC.id = TM.id ; EXECUTE sys.sp_spaceused @objname = 'dbo.TestMAXOOR' ; CHECKPOINT ; Test 4 – MAXOOR We can now re-run our test on the MAXOOR (MAX out of row) table: DECLARE @read BIGINT, @write BIGINT ; SELECT @read = SUM(num_of_bytes_read), @write = SUM(num_of_bytes_written) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; SET STATISTICS IO ON ; SELECT TOP (150) MO.id, MO.padding FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR AS MO ORDER BY NEWID() OPTION (MAXDOP 1, RECOMPILE) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; SELECT tempdb_read_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_read) - @read) / 1024. / 1024., tempdb_write_MB = (SUM(num_of_bytes_written) - @write) / 1024. / 1024., internal_use_MB = ( SELECT internal_objects_alloc_page_count / 128.0 FROM sys.dm_db_task_space_usage WHERE session_id = @@SPID ) FROM tempdb.sys.database_files AS DBF JOIN sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) AS FS ON FS.file_id = DBF.file_id WHERE DBF.type_desc = 'ROWS' ; TEXT Performance Summary: 0.3 seconds elapsed time 245MB memory grant 0MB tempdb usage 193MB estimated sort set 207 logical reads 446 LOB logical reads No sort warning The query runs very quickly – slightly faster than Test 3, and without spilling the sort to tempdb (there is no sort warning in the trace, and the monitoring query shows zero tempdb usage by this query).  SQL Server is passing the in-row pointer structure down the plan and only looking up the LOB value on the output side of the sort. The Hidden Problem There is still a huge problem with this query though – it requires a 245MB memory grant.  No wonder the sort doesn’t spill to tempdb now – 245MB is about 20 times more memory than this query actually requires to sort 50,000 records containing LOB data pointers.  Notice that the estimated row and data sizes in the plan are the same as in test 2 (where the MAX data was stored in-row). The optimizer assumes that MAX data is stored in-row, regardless of the sp_tableoption setting ‘large value types out of row’.  Why?  Because this option is dynamic – changing it does not immediately force all MAX data in the table in-row or off-row, only when data is added or actually changed.  SQL Server does not keep statistics to show how much MAX or TEXT data is currently in-row, and how much is stored in LOB pages.  This is an annoying limitation, and one which I hope will be addressed in a future version of the product. So why should we worry about this?  Excessive memory grants reduce concurrency and may result in queries waiting on the RESOURCE_SEMAPHORE wait type while they wait for memory they do not need.  245MB is an awful lot of memory, especially on 32-bit versions where memory grants cannot use AWE-mapped memory.  Even on a 64-bit server with plenty of memory, do you really want a single query to consume 0.25GB of memory unnecessarily?  That’s 32,000 8KB pages that might be put to much better use. The Solution The answer is not to use the TEXT data type for the padding column.  That solution happens to have better performance characteristics for this specific query, but it still results in a spilled sort, and it is hard to recommend the use of a data type which is scheduled for removal.  I hope it is clear to you that the fundamental problem here is that SQL Server sorts the whole set arriving at a Sort operator.  Clearly, it is not efficient to sort the whole table in memory just to return 150 rows in a random order. The TEXT example was more efficient because it dramatically reduced the size of the set that needed to be sorted.  We can do the same thing by selecting 150 unique keys from the table at random (sorting by NEWID() for example) and only then retrieving the large padding column values for just the 150 rows we need.  The following script implements that idea for all four tables: SET STATISTICS IO ON ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestCHAR ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id = ANY (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestMAX ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestTEXT ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; WITH TestTable AS ( SELECT * FROM dbo.TestMAXOOR ), TopKeys AS ( SELECT TOP (150) id FROM TestTable ORDER BY NEWID() ) SELECT T1.id, T1.padding FROM TestTable AS T1 WHERE T1.id IN (SELECT id FROM TopKeys) OPTION (MAXDOP 1) ; SET STATISTICS IO OFF ; All four queries now return results in much less than a second, with memory grants between 6 and 12MB, and without spilling to tempdb.  The small remaining inefficiency is in reading the id column values from the clustered primary key index.  As a clustered index, it contains all the in-row data at its leaf.  The CHAR and VARCHAR(MAX) tables store the padding column in-row, so id values are separated by a 3999-character column, plus row overhead.  The TEXT and MAXOOR tables store the padding values off-row, so id values in the clustered index leaf are separated by the much-smaller off-row pointer structure.  This difference is reflected in the number of logical page reads performed by the four queries: Table 'TestCHAR' logical reads 25511 lob logical reads 000 Table 'TestMAX'. logical reads 25511 lob logical reads 000 Table 'TestTEXT' logical reads 00412 lob logical reads 597 Table 'TestMAXOOR' logical reads 00413 lob logical reads 446 We can increase the density of the id values by creating a separate nonclustered index on the id column only.  This is the same key as the clustered index, of course, but the nonclustered index will not include the rest of the in-row column data. CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestCHAR (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestMAX (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestTEXT (id); CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX uq1 ON dbo.TestMAXOOR (id); The four queries can now use the very dense nonclustered index to quickly scan the id values, sort them by NEWID(), select the 150 ids we want, and then look up the padding data.  The logical reads with the new indexes in place are: Table 'TestCHAR' logical reads 835 lob logical reads 0 Table 'TestMAX' logical reads 835 lob logical reads 0 Table 'TestTEXT' logical reads 686 lob logical reads 597 Table 'TestMAXOOR' logical reads 686 lob logical reads 448 With the new index, all four queries use the same query plan (click to enlarge): Performance Summary: 0.3 seconds elapsed time 6MB memory grant 0MB tempdb usage 1MB sort set 835 logical reads (CHAR, MAX) 686 logical reads (TEXT, MAXOOR) 597 LOB logical reads (TEXT) 448 LOB logical reads (MAXOOR) No sort warning I’ll leave it as an exercise for the reader to work out why trying to eliminate the Key Lookup by adding the padding column to the new nonclustered indexes would be a daft idea Conclusion This post is not about tuning queries that access columns containing big strings.  It isn’t about the internal differences between TEXT and MAX data types either.  It isn’t even about the cool use of UPDATE .WRITE used in the MAXOOR table load.  No, this post is about something else: Many developers might not have tuned our starting example query at all – 5 seconds isn’t that bad, and the original query plan looks reasonable at first glance.  Perhaps the NEWID() function would have been blamed for ‘just being slow’ – who knows.  5 seconds isn’t awful – unless your users expect sub-second responses – but using 250MB of memory and writing 200MB to tempdb certainly is!  If ten sessions ran that query at the same time in production that’s 2.5GB of memory usage and 2GB hitting tempdb.  Of course, not all queries can be rewritten to avoid large memory grants and sort spills using the key-lookup technique in this post, but that’s not the point either. The point of this post is that a basic understanding of execution plans is not enough.  Tuning for logical reads and adding covering indexes is not enough.  If you want to produce high-quality, scalable TSQL that won’t get you paged as soon as it hits production, you need a deep understanding of execution plans, and as much accurate, deep knowledge about SQL Server as you can lay your hands on.  The advanced database developer has a wide range of tools to use in writing queries that perform well in a range of circumstances. By the way, the examples in this post were written for SQL Server 2008.  They will run on 2005 and demonstrate the same principles, but you won’t get the same figures I did because 2005 had a rather nasty bug in the Top N Sort operator.  Fair warning: if you do decide to run the scripts on a 2005 instance (particularly the parallel query) do it before you head out for lunch… This post is dedicated to the people of Christchurch, New Zealand. © 2011 Paul White email: @[email protected] twitter: @SQL_Kiwi

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• Cannot access app.config or settings.settings data

  - by J Carron

  I have 3.5 application needed to load a string from settings.settings or app.config. I made sure have reference to ConfigurationManager but very simple call from form load value returns null here is code. void LoadSettings() { // I expect to get from my app.config or settings.settings // Settings file set to application, public m_connStr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["somestring"]; // m_connStr is getting Null. I tried .ToString(); That throws a null exception. }

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• CoreData update problems

  - by kpower

  My app makes updates in background thread then saves context changes. And in main context there is a table view that works with NSFetchedResultsController. For some time updates work correctly, but then exception is thrown. To check this I've added NSLog(@"%@", [self.controller fetchedObjects]); to -controllerDidChangeContent:. Here is what I got: "<PRBattle: 0x6d30530> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d319d0 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p2> ; data: {\n battleId = \"-1\";\n finishedAt = \"2012-11-06 11:37:36 +0000\";\n opponent = \"0x6d2f730 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p1>\";\n opponentScore = nil;\n score = nil;\n status = 4;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d306f0> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d319f0 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p1> ; data: {\n battleId = \"-1\";\n finishedAt = \"2012-11-06 11:37:36 +0000\";\n opponent = \"0x6d2ddb0 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p3>\";\n opponentScore = nil;\n score = nil;\n status = 4;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d30830> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31650 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p11> ; data: <fault>)", "<PRBattle: 0x6d306b0> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d319e0 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p5> ; data: {\n battleId = 325;\n finishedAt = nil;\n opponent = \"0x6d2f730 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p1>\";\n opponentScore = 91;\n score = 59;\n status = 3;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d30730> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31a00 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p6> ; data: {\n battleId = 323;\n finishedAt = nil;\n opponent = \"0x6d2ddb0 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p3>\";\n opponentScore = 0;\n score = 0;\n status = 3;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d307b0> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31630 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p9> ; data: {\n battleId = 370;\n finishedAt = \"2012-11-06 14:24:14 +0000\";\n opponent = \"0x79a8e90 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p2>\";\n opponentScore = 180;\n score = 180;\n status = 4;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d307f0> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31640 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p10> ; data: {\n battleId = 309;\n finishedAt = \"2012-11-02 01:19:27 +0000\";\n opponent = \"0x79a8e90 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p2>\";\n opponentScore = 120;\n score = 240;\n status = 4;\n})", "<PRBattle: 0x6d30770> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31620 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p7> ; data: {\n battleId = 315;\n finishedAt = \"2012-11-02 02:26:24 +0000\";\n opponent = \"0x79a8e90 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PROpponent/p2>\";\n opponentScore = 119;\n score = 179;\n status = 4;\n})" ) Faulted object (0xe972610) here causes crash. I've logged data during update & before saving. This object is in updatedObjects only. Why can this method return "bad" object? (Moreover, during updates this object is affected almost each update. And only after some passes becomes "bad" one). P.S.: I use RestKit to manage CoreData. UPDATED: The exception was got, when I did smth. like this: for (PRBattle *battle in [self.controller fetchedObjects) { switch (battle.statusScalar) { case ... default: [battle willAccessValueForKey:nil]; NSAssert1(NO, @"Unexpected battle status found: %@", battle); } } The exception is on line with -willAccessValueForKey:. Scalar status for battle is enum, that is bind to integer values 1..4. I've mentioned all possible values in switch's cases (above default:). And the last one has break;. So this one is possible only when battle.statusScalar returns non-enum value. Status scalar implementation in PRBattle: - (PRBattleStatuses)statusScalar { [self willAccessValueForKey:@"statusScalar"]; PRBattleStatuses result = (PRBattleStatuses)[self.status integerValue]; [self didAccessValueForKey:@"statusScalar"]; return result; } And battle.status has validation rules: - min-value: 1 - max-value: 4 - default: no value And the last thing - debug log: objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: throwing 0x7d33f80 (object 0xe67d2a0, a _NSCoreDataException) objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x97b401 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: catch(id) objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x97b401 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: handling exception 0x7d33f60 at 0x97b79f objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: rethrowing current exception objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x97b911 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x9ac8b7 sp=0xbfffdc20] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x97ee80 sp=0xbfffdc40] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x361d0 sp=0xbfffdc70] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0xa701d8 sp=0xbfffde10] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: catch(id) objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x97b911 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: finishing handler objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x97b963 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x9ac8b7 sp=0xbfffdc20] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x97ee80 sp=0xbfffdc40] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0x361d0 sp=0xbfffdc70] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: searching through frame [ip=0xa701d8 sp=0xbfffde10] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: catch(id) objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x97b963 sp=0xbfffd9b0] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x9ac8b7 sp=0xbfffdc20] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x97ee80 sp=0xbfffdc40] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x361d0 sp=0xbfffdc70] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0x3656f sp=0xbfffdc70] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: unwinding through frame [ip=0xa701d8 sp=0xbfffde10] for exception 0x7d33f60 objc[4664]: EXCEPTIONS: handling exception 0x7d33f60 at 0xa701f5 2012-11-07 13:37:55.463 TestApp[4664:fb03] CoreData: error: Serious application error. An exception was caught from the delegate of NSFetchedResultsController during a call to -controllerDidChangeContent:. CoreData could not fulfill a fault for '0x6d31650 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p10>' with userInfo { NSAffectedObjectsErrorKey = ( "<PRBattle: 0x6d30830> (entity: PRBattle; id: 0x6d31650 <x-coredata://882BD521-90CD-4682-B19A-000A4976E471/PRBattle/p10> ; data: <fault>)" ); }

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• Storing data to SequenceFile from Apache Pig

  - by asquithea

  Apache Pig can load data from Hadoop sequence files using the PiggyBank SequenceFileLoader: REGISTER /home/hadoop/pig/contrib/piggybank/java/piggybank.jar; DEFINE SequenceFileLoader org.apache.pig.piggybank.storage.SequenceFileLoader(); log = LOAD '/data/logs' USING SequenceFileLoader AS (...) Is there also a library out there that would allow writing to Hadoop sequence files from Pig?

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• What data formats does PowerShell most easily read ?

  - by Jim

  I'm trying to use PowerShell with SharePoint. I'd like my PowerShell scripts to load my SharePoint farm configuration from files rather than either hard coding the configuration in the scripts, or having to pass in the same parameters each time. This the kind of information I need to store. WebFrontEnds: Web1, Web2, Web3 CentralAdmin: Central1 Index: Web1 ContentWebApps: http://user1, http://user2 Does PowerShell easily load this data from CSV, XML, or other formats?

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• Get Xml Data Cross-Domain with JQuery

  - by Dänu

  Hey guys, is there a way to load XML Data Cross-Domain with JQuery (= client side)? $.get('http://otherdomain.com/data.xml', function(xml) { } The above doesn't work - do I have to rely on JSONP, or is there a way to load XML?

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• what is the difference between postback data and view state data.

  - by vaibhav

  I am trying to understand different events in a Asp.net page life cycle. I came across to this link. It has two stages Load view state and Load postback data. I used to thought that these both means the same thing. But this article says, that postback data is not viewstate data. I don't understand this. If anyone can have a look.

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• Reading Data from DDFS ValueError: No JSON object could be decoded

  - by secumind

  I'm running dozens of map reduce jobs for a number of different purposes using disco. My data has grown enormous and I thought I would try using DDFS for a change rather than standard txt files. I've followed the DISCO map/reduce example Counting Words as a map/reduce job, without to much difficulty and with the help of others, Reading JSON specific data into DISCO I've gotten past one of my latest problems. I'm trying to read data in/out of ddfs to better chunk and distribute it but am having a bit of trouble. Here's an example file: file.txt {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": null, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "I'll call him back tomorrow I guess", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": null, "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": null, "entities": {"user_mentions": [], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": null, "id_str": "168931016843603968", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/305726905/FASHION-3.png", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1818996723/image_normal.jpg", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "292727", "is_translator": false, "id": 113532729, "profile_text_color": "000000", "followers_count": 78, "protected": false, "location": "With My Niggas In Paris!", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -21600, "statuses_count": 6733, "description": "Made in CHINA., Educated && Making My Own $$. Fear GOD && Put Him 1st. #TeamFollowBack #TeamiPhone\n", "friends_count": 74, "profile_link_color": "b03f3f", "profile_image_url": "http://a2.twimg.com/profile_images/1818996723/image_normal.jpg", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": true, "profile_background_color": "1f9199", "id_str": "113532729", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_background_images/305726905/FASHION-3.png", "name": "Bee'Jay", "lang": "en", "profile_background_tile": true, "favourites_count": 19, "screen_name": "OohMyBEEsNice", "url": "http://www.bitchimpaid.org", "created_at": "Fri Feb 12 03:32:54 +0000 2010", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Central Time (US & Canada)", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "000000", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": null, "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016843603968, "source": "<a href=\"http://twitter.com/#!/download/iphone\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter for iPhone</a>"} {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": 50940453, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "@LegaMrvica @MimozaBand makasi om artis :D kadoo kadoo", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": "168653037894770688", "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": "50940453", "entities": {"user_mentions": [{"indices": [0, 11], "screen_name": "LegaMrvica", "id": 50940453, "name": "Lega_thePianis", "id_str": "50940453"}, {"indices": [12, 23], "screen_name": "MimozaBand", "id": 375128905, "name": "Mimoza", "id_str": "375128905"}], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": 168653037894770688, "id_str": "168931016868761600", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/347686061/Galungan_dan_Kuningan.jpg", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1803845596/Picture_20124_normal.jpg", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "DDFFCC", "is_translator": false, "id": 48293450, "profile_text_color": "333333", "followers_count": 182, "protected": false, "location": "\u00dcT: -6.906799,107.622383", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -28800, "statuses_count": 3052, "description": "Fashion design maranatha '11 // traditional dancer (bali) at sanggar tampak siring & Natya Nataraja", "friends_count": 206, "profile_link_color": "0084B4", "profile_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_images/1803845596/Picture_20124_normal.jpg", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": true, "profile_background_color": "9AE4E8", "id_str": "48293450", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/347686061/Galungan_dan_Kuningan.jpg", "name": "nana afiff", "lang": "en", "profile_background_tile": true, "favourites_count": 2, "screen_name": "hasnfebria", "url": null, "created_at": "Thu Jun 18 08:50:29 +0000 2009", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Pacific Time (US & Canada)", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "BDDCAD", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": "LegaMrvica", "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016868761600, "source": "<a href=\"http://blackberry.com/twitter\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter for BlackBerry\u00ae</a>"} {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": 27260086, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "@justinbieber u were born to be somebody, and u're super important in beliebers' life. thanks for all biebs. I love u. follow me? 84", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": null, "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": "27260086", "entities": {"user_mentions": [{"indices": [0, 13], "screen_name": "justinbieber", "id": 27260086, "name": "Justin Bieber", "id_str": "27260086"}], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": null, "id_str": "168931016856178688", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/416005864/Captura.JPG", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1808883280/Captura6_normal.JPG", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "f5e7f3", "is_translator": false, "id": 406750700, "profile_text_color": "333333", "followers_count": 1122, "protected": false, "location": "Adentro de una supra.", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -14400, "statuses_count": 20966, "description": "Mi \u00eddolo es @justinbieber , si te gusta \u00a1genial!, si no, solo respetalo. El cambi\u00f3 mi vida completamente y mi sue\u00f1o es conocerlo #TrueBelieber . ", "friends_count": 1015, "profile_link_color": "9404b8", "profile_image_url": "http://a1.twimg.com/profile_images/1808883280/Captura6_normal.JPG", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": false, "profile_background_color": "f9fcfa", "id_str": "406750700", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_background_images/416005864/Captura.JPG", "name": "neversaynever,right?", "lang": "es", "profile_background_tile": false, "favourites_count": 22, "screen_name": "True_Belieebers", "url": "http://www.wehavebieber-fever.tumblr.com", "created_at": "Mon Nov 07 04:17:40 +0000 2011", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Santiago", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "C0DEED", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": "justinbieber", "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016856178688, "source": "<a href=\"http://yfrog.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">Yfrog</a>"} I load it into DDFS with: # ddfs chunk data:test1 ./file.txt created: disco://localhost/ddfs/vol0/blob/44/file_txt-0$549-db27b-125e1 I test that the file is indeed loaded into ddfs with: # ddfs xcat data:test1 {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": null, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "I'll call him back tomorrow I guess", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": null, "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": null, "entities": {"user_mentions": [], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": null, "id_str": "168931016843603968", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/305726905/FASHION-3.png", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1818996723/image_normal.jpg", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "292727", "is_translator": false, "id": 113532729, "profile_text_color": "000000", "followers_count": 78, "protected": false, "location": "With My Niggas In Paris!", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -21600, "statuses_count": 6733, "description": "Made in CHINA., Educated && Making My Own $$. Fear GOD && Put Him 1st. #TeamFollowBack #TeamiPhone\n", "friends_count": 74, "profile_link_color": "b03f3f", "profile_image_url": "http://a2.twimg.com/profile_images/1818996723/image_normal.jpg", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": true, "profile_background_color": "1f9199", "id_str": "113532729", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_background_images/305726905/FASHION-3.png", "name": "Bee'Jay", "lang": "en", "profile_background_tile": true, "favourites_count": 19, "screen_name": "OohMyBEEsNice", "url": "http://www.bitchimpaid.org", "created_at": "Fri Feb 12 03:32:54 +0000 2010", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Central Time (US & Canada)", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "000000", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": null, "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016843603968, "source": "<a href=\"http://twitter.com/#!/download/iphone\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter for iPhone</a>"} {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": 50940453, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "@LegaMrvica @MimozaBand makasi om artis :D kadoo kadoo", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": "168653037894770688", "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": "50940453", "entities": {"user_mentions": [{"indices": [0, 11], "screen_name": "LegaMrvica", "id": 50940453, "name": "Lega_thePianis", "id_str": "50940453"}, {"indices": [12, 23], "screen_name": "MimozaBand", "id": 375128905, "name": "Mimoza", "id_str": "375128905"}], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": 168653037894770688, "id_str": "168931016868761600", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/347686061/Galungan_dan_Kuningan.jpg", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1803845596/Picture_20124_normal.jpg", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "DDFFCC", "is_translator": false, "id": 48293450, "profile_text_color": "333333", "followers_count": 182, "protected": false, "location": "\u00dcT: -6.906799,107.622383", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -28800, "statuses_count": 3052, "description": "Fashion design maranatha '11 // traditional dancer (bali) at sanggar tampak siring & Natya Nataraja", "friends_count": 206, "profile_link_color": "0084B4", "profile_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_images/1803845596/Picture_20124_normal.jpg", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": true, "profile_background_color": "9AE4E8", "id_str": "48293450", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/347686061/Galungan_dan_Kuningan.jpg", "name": "nana afiff", "lang": "en", "profile_background_tile": true, "favourites_count": 2, "screen_name": "hasnfebria", "url": null, "created_at": "Thu Jun 18 08:50:29 +0000 2009", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Pacific Time (US & Canada)", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "BDDCAD", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": "LegaMrvica", "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016868761600, "source": "<a href=\"http://blackberry.com/twitter\" rel=\"nofollow\">Twitter for BlackBerry\u00ae</a>"} {"favorited": false, "in_reply_to_user_id": 27260086, "contributors": null, "truncated": false, "text": "@justinbieber u were born to be somebody, and u're super important in beliebers' life. thanks for all biebs. I love u. follow me? 84", "created_at": "Mon Feb 13 05:34:27 +0000 2012", "retweeted": false, "in_reply_to_status_id_str": null, "coordinates": null, "in_reply_to_user_id_str": "27260086", "entities": {"user_mentions": [{"indices": [0, 13], "screen_name": "justinbieber", "id": 27260086, "name": "Justin Bieber", "id_str": "27260086"}], "hashtags": [], "urls": []}, "in_reply_to_status_id": null, "id_str": "168931016856178688", "place": null, "user": {"follow_request_sent": null, "profile_use_background_image": true, "profile_background_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_background_images/416005864/Captura.JPG", "verified": false, "profile_image_url_https": "https://si0.twimg.com/profile_images/1808883280/Captura6_normal.JPG", "profile_sidebar_fill_color": "f5e7f3", "is_translator": false, "id": 406750700, "profile_text_color": "333333", "followers_count": 1122, "protected": false, "location": "Adentro de una supra.", "default_profile_image": false, "listed_count": 0, "utc_offset": -14400, "statuses_count": 20966, "description": "Mi \u00eddolo es @justinbieber , si te gusta \u00a1genial!, si no, solo respetalo. El cambi\u00f3 mi vida completamente y mi sue\u00f1o es conocerlo #TrueBelieber . ", "friends_count": 1015, "profile_link_color": "9404b8", "profile_image_url": "http://a1.twimg.com/profile_images/1808883280/Captura6_normal.JPG", "notifications": null, "show_all_inline_media": false, "geo_enabled": false, "profile_background_color": "f9fcfa", "id_str": "406750700", "profile_background_image_url": "http://a3.twimg.com/profile_background_images/416005864/Captura.JPG", "name": "neversaynever,right?", "lang": "es", "profile_background_tile": false, "favourites_count": 22, "screen_name": "True_Belieebers", "url": "http://www.wehavebieber-fever.tumblr.com", "created_at": "Mon Nov 07 04:17:40 +0000 2011", "contributors_enabled": false, "time_zone": "Santiago", "profile_sidebar_border_color": "C0DEED", "default_profile": false, "following": null}, "in_reply_to_screen_name": "justinbieber", "retweet_count": 0, "geo": null, "id": 168931016856178688, "source": "<a href=\"http://yfrog.com\" rel=\"nofollow\">Yfrog</a> At this point everything is great, I load up the script that resulted from a previous Stack Post: from disco.core import Job, result_iterator import gzip def map(line, params): import unicodedata import json r = json.loads(line).get('text') s = unicodedata.normalize('NFD', r).encode('ascii', 'ignore') for word in s.split(): yield word, 1 def reduce(iter, params): from disco.util import kvgroup for word, counts in kvgroup(sorted(iter)): yield word, sum(counts) if __name__ == '__main__': job = Job().run(input=["tag://data:test1"], map=map, reduce=reduce) for word, count in result_iterator(job.wait(show=True)): print word, count NOTE: That this script runs file if the input=["file.txt"], however when I run it with "tag://data:test1" I get the following error: # DISCO_EVENTS=1 python count_normal_words.py Job@549:db30e:25bd8: Status: [map] 0 waiting, 1 running, 0 done, 0 failed 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master New job initialized! 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master Starting job 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master Starting map phase 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master map:0 assigned to solice 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master ERROR: Job failed: Worker at 'solice' died: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/DISCO/data/solice/01/Job@549:db30e:25bd8/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/worker/__init__.py", line 329, in main job.worker.start(task, job, **jobargs) File "/home/DISCO/data/solice/01/Job@549:db30e:25bd8/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/worker/__init__.py", line 290, in start self.run(task, job, **jobargs) File "/home/DISCO/data/solice/01/Job@549:db30e:25bd8/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/worker/classic/worker.py", line 286, in run getattr(self, task.mode)(task, params) File "/home/DISCO/data/solice/01/Job@549:db30e:25bd8/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/worker/classic/worker.py", line 299, in map for key, val in self['map'](entry, params): File "count_normal_words.py", line 12, in map File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/json/__init__.py", line 326, in loads return _default_decoder.decode(s) File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 366, in decode obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end()) File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 384, in raw_decode raise ValueError("No JSON object could be decoded") ValueError: No JSON object could be decoded 2012/11/25 21:43:26 master WARN: Job killed Status: [map] 1 waiting, 0 running, 0 done, 1 failed Traceback (most recent call last): File "count_normal_words.py", line 28, in <module> for word, count in result_iterator(job.wait(show=True)): File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/core.py", line 348, in wait timeout, poll_interval * 1000) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/disco/core.py", line 309, in check_results raise JobError(Job(name=jobname, master=self), "Status %s" % status) disco.error.JobError: Job Job@549:db30e:25bd8 failed: Status dead The Error states: ValueError: No JSON object could be decoded. Again, this works fine using the text file as input but now DDFS. Any ideas, I'm open to suggestions?

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• e2fsck extremely slow, although enough memory exists

  - by kaefert

  I've got this external USB-Disk: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ lsusb -s 2:3 Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bc2:3320 Seagate RSS LLC As can be seen in this dmesg output, there is some problem that prevents that disk from beeing mounted: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ dmesg ... [ 113.084079] usb 2-1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci_hcd [ 113.217783] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bc2, idProduct=3320 [ 113.217787] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1 [ 113.217790] usb 2-1: Product: Expansion Desk [ 113.217792] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Seagate [ 113.217794] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: NA4J4N6K [ 113.435404] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas [ 113.455315] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... [ 113.468051] scsi5 : usb-storage 2-1:1.0 [ 113.468180] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 113.468182] USB Mass Storage support registered. [ 114.473105] scsi 5:0:0:0: Direct-Access Seagate Expansion Desk 070B PQ: 0 ANSI: 6 [ 114.474342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.475089] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 114.475092] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00 [ 114.475959] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 114.477093] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.501649] sdb: sdb1 [ 114.502717] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.504354] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 116.804408] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 3976 failed (47397!=61519) [ 116.804413] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted! ... So I went and fired up my favorite partition manager - gparted, and told it to verify and repair the partition sdb1. This made gparted call e2fsck (version 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012)) e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Although gparted called e2fsck with the "-v" option, sadly it doesn't show me the output of my e2fsck process (bugreport https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=467925 ) I started this whole thing on Sunday (2012-11-04_2200) evening, so about 48 hours ago, this is what htop says about it now (2012-11-06-1900): PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command 3704 root 39 19 1560M 1166M 768 R 98.0 19.5 42h56:43 e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Now I found a few posts on the internet that discuss e2fsck running slow, for example: http://gparted-forum.surf4.info/viewtopic.php?id=13613 where they write that its a good idea to see if the disk is just that slow because maybe its damaged, and I think these outputs tell me that this is not the case in my case: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 3562 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1783.29 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 82 MB in 3.01 seconds = 27.26 MB/sec kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 364801/255/63, sectors = 5860533160, start = 0 However, although I can read quickly from that disk, this disk speed doesn't seem to be used by e2fsck, considering tools like gkrellm or iotop or this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ iostat -x Linux 3.2.0-2-amd64 (blechmobil) 2012-11-06 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14,24 47,81 14,63 0,95 0,00 22,37 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0,59 8,29 2,42 5,14 43,17 160,17 53,75 0,30 39,80 8,72 54,42 3,95 2,99 sdb 137,54 5,48 9,23 0,20 587,07 22,73 129,35 0,07 7,70 7,51 16,18 2,17 2,04 Now I researched a little bit on how to find out what e2fsck is doing with all that processor time, and I found the tool strace, which gives me this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo strace -p3704 lseek(4, 41026998272, SEEK_SET) = 41026998272 write(4, "\212\354K[_\361\3nl\212\245\352\255jR\303\354\312Yv\334p\253r\217\265\3567\325\257\3766"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404766720, SEEK_SET) = 48404766720 read(4, "\7t\260\366\346\337\304\210\33\267j\35\377'\31f\372\252\ffU\317.y\211\360\36\240c\30`\34"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027002368, SEEK_SET) = 41027002368 write(4, "\232]7Ws\321\352\t\1@[+5\263\334\276{\343zZx\352\21\316`1\271[\202\350R`"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404770816, SEEK_SET) = 48404770816 read(4, "\17\362r\230\327\25\346//\210H\v\311\3237\323K\304\306\361a\223\311\324\272?\213\tq \370\24"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027006464, SEEK_SET) = 41027006464 write(4, "\367yy>x\216?=\324Z\305\351\376&\25\244\210\271\22\306}\276\237\370(\214\205G\262\360\257#"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404774912, SEEK_SET) = 48404774912 read(4, "\365\25\0\21|T\0\21}3t_\272\373\222k\r\177\303\1\201\261\221$\261B\232\3142\21U\316"..., 4096) = 4096 ^CProcess 3704 detached around 16 of these lines every second, so 4 read and 4 write operations every second, which I don't consider to be a lot.. And finally, my question: Will this process ever finish? If those numbers from fseek (48404774912) represent bytes, that would be something like 45 gigabytes, with this beeing a 3 terrabyte disk, which would give me 134 days to go, if the speed stays constant, and e2fsck scans the disk like this completly and only once. Do you have some advice for me? I have most of the data on that disk elsewhere, but I've put a lot of hours into sorting and merging it to this disk, so I would prefer to getting this disk up and running again, without formatting it anew. I don't think that the hardware is damaged since the disk is only a few months and since I can't see any I/O errors in the dmesg output. UPDATE: I just looked at the strace output again (2012-11-06_2300), now it looks like this: lseek(4, 1419860611072, SEEK_SET) = 1419860611072 read(4, "3#\f\2447\335\0\22A\355\374\276j\204'\207|\217V|\23\245[\7VP\251\242\276\207\317:"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018145792, SEEK_SET) = 43018145792 write(4, "]\206\231\342Y\204-2I\362\242\344\6R\205\361\324\177\265\317C\334V\324\260\334\275t=\10F."..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860615168, SEEK_SET) = 1419860615168 read(4, "\262\305\314Y\367\37x\326\245\226\226\320N\333$s\34\204\311\222\7\315\236\336\300TK\337\264\236\211n"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018149888, SEEK_SET) = 43018149888 write(4, "\271\224m\311\224\25!I\376\16;\377\0\223H\25Yd\201Y\342\r\203\271\24eG<\202{\373V"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860619264, SEEK_SET) = 1419860619264 read(4, ";d\360\177\n\346\253\210\222|\250\352T\335M\33\260\320\261\7g\222P\344H?t\240\20\2548\310"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018153984, SEEK_SET) = 43018153984 write(4, "\360\252j\317\310\251G\227\335{\214`\341\267\31Y\202\360\v\374\307oq\3063\217Z\223\313\36D\211"..., 4096) = 4096 So the numbers in the lseek lines before the reads, like 1419860619264 are already a lot bigger, standing for 1.29 terabytes if those numbers are bytes, so it doesn't seem to be a linear progress on a big scale, maybe there are only some areas that need work, that have big gaps in between them. UPDATE2: Okey, big disappointment, the numbers are back to very small again (2012-11-07_0720) lseek(4, 52174548992, SEEK_SET) = 52174548992 read(4, "\374\312\22\\\325\215\213\23\0357U\222\246\370v^f(\312|f\212\362\343\375\373\342\4\204mU6"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 46603526144, SEEK_SET) = 46603526144 write(4, "\370\261\223\227\23?\4\4\217\264\320_Am\246CQ\313^\203U\253\274\204\277\2564n\227\177\267\343"..., 4096) = 4096 so either e2fsck goes over the data multiple times, or it just hops back and forth multiple times. Or my assumption that those numbers are bytes is wrong. UPDATE3: Since it's mentioned here http://forums.fedoraforum.org/showthread.php?t=282125&page=2 that you can testisk while e2fsck is running, i tried that, though not with a lot of success. When asking testdisk to display the data of my partition, this is what I get: TestDisk 6.13, Data Recovery Utility, November 2011 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org 1 P Linux 0 4 5 45600 40 8 732566272 Can't open filesystem. Filesystem seems damaged. And this is what strace currently gives me (2012-11-07_1030) lseek(4, 212460343296, SEEK_SET) = 212460343296 read(4, "\315Mb\265v\377Gn \24\f\205EHh\2349~\330\273\203\3375\206\10\r3=W\210\372\352"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 47347830784, SEEK_SET) = 47347830784 write(4, "]\204\223\300I\357\4\26\33+\243\312G\230\250\371*m2U\t_\215\265J \252\342Pm\360D"..., 4096) = 4096 (times are in CET)

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• xl2tpd[845]: parse_config: line 13: data 'ipsec sared=yes' occurs with no context

  - by mmc18

  When I executed xl2tpd I amhaving following error. # xl2tpd -D xl2tpd[845]: parse_config: line 13: data 'ipsec sared=yes' occurs with no context xl2tpd[845]: init: Unable to load config file When I remove the "line 13" I having same error with "Line 14" thefore I do not think that the problem is about "ipsec sared" Here is my configuration file xl2tpd.conf. LINUX Ubuntu 12.0.4 ;Openswan IPsec 2.6.37; xl2tpd version: xl2tpd-1.3.1 ; [global] ipsec sared=yes listen-addr=47.168.137.27 ; [lns default] ip range = 192.168.1.10-192.168.1.20 local ip = 192.168.1.1 require chap = yes refuse pap = yes require authentication = yes ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd length bit = yes name=LinuxIPSECVPN ANSWER:(since have not enough reputation I am writting it over here.) removing the ";" character at the beginning of [global] and [lns default] have solved the issue. At fist I tought that [global] and[lns default] were just a comment.

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• Is there a way to create a consistent snapshot/SnapMirror across multiple volumes?

  - by Tomer Gabel

  We use a NetApp FAS 6-series filer with an application that spans multiple volumes. For backup purposes I would like to create a consistent snapshot that spans these volumes at the same point in time (or at least with an extremely low delta); additionally, we'd like to to use SnapMirror to replace the production environment to test volumes. The problem is in creating a consistent snapshot/SnapMirror, since these commands are not transactional and do not take multiple parameters. I tried scripting consecutive "snap create" or "snapmirror resync" commands via SSH, but there's always a 0.5-2 second difference between each snapshot. It's currently "good enough", but I'm seriously concerned about the consistency impact with increased load (we're currently in pre-production). Has anyone managed to create a consistent snapshot that spans several volumes? How did you pull it off?

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• Sensitive data in init scripts

  - by Steve Jorgensen

  I'm adapting some examples I've found by Googling to build an init script to run a VirtualBox OSE virtual machine as a daemon. I would like to specify a password for VNC access to the VM, and this must be given as an argument to the VBoxHeadless command. Conventionally, init scripts are readable by standard users, and this seems like a useful convention, but I also don't want the VNC password for this VM to be stored in easily accessible plain text. What's the most appropriate/conventional way to handle this kind of situation? Maybe put a root-readable supporting data file someplace, and have the init script load the value from there?

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• Reconstructing the disk order in RAID 6 with 7 disks

  - by rkotulla

  a little background to this question first: I am running a RAID-6 within a QNAP TS869L external RAID/NAS system. I started with 5 disks of 3 TB each back in the day, and later added another 2 disks of 3TB to the RAID. The QNAP internals handled the growing and re-syncing etc, and everything seemd to be perfectly fine. About 2 weeks ago, I had one of the disks (disk #5, disk #2 has gone bad in the mean time) fail, and somehow (I have no idea why), also disks 1 and 2 got kicked out of the array. I replaced disk #5, but the RAID didn't start working again. After some calls to QNAP technical support, they re-created the array (using mdadm --create --force --assume-clean ...), but the resulting array couldn't find a filesystem, and I was kindly referred to contact a data recovery company that I can't afford. After some digging through old log files, resetting the disk to factory default, etc, I found a few errors that were made during this re-create - I wish I still had some of the original metadata, but unfortunately i don't (I definitely learned that lesson). I'm currently at the point where I know the correct chunk-size (64K), metadata-version (1.0; factory default was 0.9, but from what I read 0.9 doesn't handle disks over 2 TB, mine are 3 TB), and I now find the ext4 filesystem that should be on the disks. Only variable left to determine is the right disk order! I started using the description found in answer #4 of "Recover RAID 5 data after created new array instead of re-using" but am a little confused on what the order should be for a proper RAID-6. RAID-5 is pretty well documented in a number of places, but RAID-6 much less so. Also, does the layout, i.e. distribution of parity and data chunks across the disks, change after the growing of the array from 5 to 7 disks, or does the re-sync re-organize them in such a way a native 7-disk RAID-6 would have been? Thanks some more mdadm output that might be helpful: mdadm version: [~] # mdadm --version mdadm - v2.6.3 - 20th August 2007 mdadm details from one of the disks in the array: [~] # mdadm --examine /dev/sda3 /dev/sda3: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 1.0 Feature Map : 0x0 Array UUID : 1c1614a5:e3be2fbb:4af01271:947fe3aa Name : 0 Creation Time : Tue Jun 10 10:27:58 2014 Raid Level : raid6 Raid Devices : 7 Used Dev Size : 5857395112 (2793.02 GiB 2998.99 GB) Array Size : 29286975360 (13965.12 GiB 14994.93 GB) Used Size : 5857395072 (2793.02 GiB 2998.99 GB) Super Offset : 5857395368 sectors State : clean Device UUID : 7c572d8f:20c12727:7e88c888:c2c357af Update Time : Tue Jun 10 13:01:06 2014 Checksum : d275c82d - correct Events : 7036 Chunk Size : 64K Array Slot : 0 (0, 1, failed, 3, failed, 5, 6) Array State : Uu_u_uu 2 failed mdadm details for the array in the current disk-order (based on my best guess reconstructed from old log-files) [~] # mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 01.00.03 Creation Time : Tue Jun 10 10:27:58 2014 Raid Level : raid6 Array Size : 14643487680 (13965.12 GiB 14994.93 GB) Used Dev Size : 2928697536 (2793.02 GiB 2998.99 GB) Raid Devices : 7 Total Devices : 5 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Jun 10 13:01:06 2014 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 5 Working Devices : 5 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Chunk Size : 64K Name : 0 UUID : 1c1614a5:e3be2fbb:4af01271:947fe3aa Events : 7036 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3 2 0 0 2 removed 3 8 51 3 active sync /dev/sdd3 4 0 0 4 removed 5 8 99 5 active sync /dev/sdg3 6 8 83 6 active sync /dev/sdf3 output from /proc/mdstat (md8, md9, and md13 are internally used RAIDs holding swap, etc; the one I'm after is md0) [~] # more /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [multipath] md0 : active raid6 sdf3[6] sdg3[5] sdd3[3] sdb3[1] sda3[0] 14643487680 blocks super 1.0 level 6, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/5] [UU_U_UU] md8 : active raid1 sdg2[2](S) sdf2[3](S) sdd2[4](S) sdc2[5](S) sdb2[6](S) sda2[1] sde2[0] 530048 blocks [2/2] [UU] md13 : active raid1 sdg4[3] sdf4[4] sde4[5] sdd4[6] sdc4[2] sdb4[1] sda4[0] 458880 blocks [8/7] [UUUUUUU_] bitmap: 21/57 pages [84KB], 4KB chunk md9 : active raid1 sdg1[6] sdf1[5] sde1[4] sdd1[3] sdc1[2] sda1[0] sdb1[1] 530048 blocks [8/7] [UUUUUUU_] bitmap: 37/65 pages [148KB], 4KB chunk unused devices: <none>

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• "The server closed the connection without sending any data"

  - by Toby

  Server setup The problem Diagnostic information What I've tried Specific Help needed 1. I have the following server setup: Debian Squeeze Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64 Apache2-mpm-prefork 2.2.16-6+squeeze10 PHP 5.3.3-7+squeeze14 This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1 Max Requests Per Child: 0 - Keep Alive: on - Max Per Connection: 100 Timeouts Connection: 300 - Keep-Alive: 15 Loaded Modules core mod_log_config mod_logio prefork http_core mod_so mod_alias mod_auth_basic mod_auth_digest mod_authn_file mod_authz_default mod_authz_groupfile mod_authz_host mod_authz_user mod_cgi mod_deflate mod_dir mod_env mod_mime mod_negotiation mod_php5 mod_reqtimeout mod_rewrite mod_setenvif mod_ssl mod_status Wordpress 3.4.2 (Upgrading to 3.5 soon :) 2. The problem When I restart the server (sudo shutdown -r now), going to any website page results in the following error from the web browser (in this case, Google Chrome, but other browsers also show the same error). This error can also occur an hour or so after all is working ok, seemingly randomly, which is my biggest concern as it means my server is not reliable: No data received Unable to load the web page because the server sent no data. Here are some suggestions: Reload this web page later. Error 324 (net::ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE): The server closed the connection without sending any data. 3. Diagnostic information The apache error log contains the folowing entries: [Fri Dec 14 22:23:27 2012] [notice] child pid 1955 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:27 2012] [notice] child pid 1956 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:29 2012] [notice] child pid 1957 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:30 2012] [notice] child pid 1958 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:32 2012] [notice] child pid 1959 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:32 2012] [notice] child pid 1960 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:34 2012] [notice] child pid 1961 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:34 2012] [notice] child pid 1962 exit signal Floating point exception (8) 4. What I've tried a) I can 'fix' the website temporarily by resetting the server twice (resetting it once does not work) using the following commands. NB: the 'reload' option does not work, I have to use restart twice. However, the error can reoccur sometime later. sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart b) I have tried disabling suhosin by uninstalling php5-suhosin, but a php info page still shows "This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1". I have tried putting Suhosin into simulation mode by creating a file /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/suhosin.ini containing: [suhosin] suhosin.simulation = On The php info page shows the suhosin.ini file in the list of "Additional .ini files parsed" but the php info page still shows "This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1" c) Increasing the PHP memory limit In /etc/php5/apache2/ : ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB) ; http://php.net/memory-limit memory_limit = 512M d) Disabling all Wordpress plugins, and going back to the default theme. 5. Specific help needed I would very much like help in debugging what is going on here. I am not sure how to determine what processes are in the Apache error log which are exiting "[notice] child pid 1955 exit signal Floating point exception (8)", or what is causing them to exit. And whether suhosin is part of the problem (and how to disable it if it is). Thank you in advance for any advice or tips you can offer in helping me debug this.

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• How to save a ntfs partition which suddenly became empty

  - by SteveO

  One ntfs partition of my laptop was suddenly wiped out without any notice to me, when I rebooted from Windows 7 to Ubuntu 12.04 today. I am in need of help to save my files on that partition, which are important and unfortunately haven't been backed up yet. My laptop has two operating systems: Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04. with a ntfs partition shared between the two operating systems for storing some data files (109GB, about 97%of which has been used). I have almost always been using Ubuntu, but today I happened to have to work under Windows. Following is a record of what happened in the time order, numbering according to which operating system I was in at each stage. When I started into Windows 7, right before being able to log in, it took a while and two reboots to configure the Windows. I thought it was normal, since last time when I was using Windows two weeks ago, it took very long and several reboots to update Windows, since the last time I used Windows before then was in November last year. Then after finally being able to log in Windows 7, I installed Libre Office, MathType (I got it from http://dl.portablesoft.org/down/?id=2515, which I originally thought was a trial version, but later I learned was a cracked version and felt wrong. I made a copy of it at dropbox http://dl.dropbox.com/u/13029929/MathType_6.8_PortableSoft.rar, not for distributing it but to list it there just in case it will help to identify the problem), and MikTex. I then edited some .doc files in the ntfs partition under both Microsoft Office with MathType, and Libre Office. When I finished working under Windows and rebooted into Ubuntu, Ubuntu did some filesystem checking and reported that the ntfs partition was not able to be mounted. Then I rebooted again into Windows, and found that the ntfs partition had been emptied, i.e. all the data files were gone, and only one system file bootsqm.dat and one system directory System Volume Information were there, with their last updated time being the time when I first rebooted from Windows to Ubuntu (in fact, it is 4 hours in advanced than the actual time of that rebooting , see immediately below) Also I noticed that the time shown by Windows is not correct for my time zone (UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada)), which is 4 hours in advance than the correct time (my current time is 3am, but the computer shows 7am). Same things happened when I rebooted into Ubuntu again: the ntfs has been emptied and left with only one Windows system file bootsqm.dat and one Windows system directory System Volume Information. the time shown by Ubuntu is 4 hours in advance than the correct time. I wonder what I can do to retrieve my data files back on the ntfs partition? If I am not able to do it myself, will some professionals be able to help me out? Thanks a lot! PS: I didn't think I did any thing that required emptying that partition. But there were quite some works I did during that stage right before the reboot from Windows to Ubuntu when the problem occured. Did I make any mis-operation?

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• Question about getting information off an old HD...

  - by user37983

  Ok so my old cpu was a sony vaio. its kinda old and had xp on it. My gf thrashed it - the cd drive went and she tried fixing it by messing with the configurations bios etc. the actual laptop is really fried the keyboard doesnt work, etc. However the harddrive is still intact. I tried putting the HD in my new cpu (toshiba runnig win7) and it looks like its gonna boot up it goes to the screen with the logo and the status bar starts to load. then it flashes a blue screen for a split second, and goes to the black screen where it says windows did not shut down properly and gives options to (start windows normally, safe mode, safe mode with networking, safe mode with prompts) ive tried every option but it always goes back to this screen. I need to get into the hd cuz i have very important files. is there anyway?

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• minimum required bandwidth for remote database server

  - by user66734

  I want to build a small warehousing application for my company. We have a central warehouse which distributes to 8 sales points across the country. They insist on an in-house solution. I am thinking to setup a central mySQL db Linux server and have the branches connect to it to store sales. Queries to the db from the branches will be minimum, maybe 10 per hour. However I need all the branches to be able to store each sale data ( product ID, customer ID ) in the central db at peak time at most once every five minutes. My question is can I get away with simple 24mbps/768kbps DSL lines? If not what is the bandwith requirement? Can I rely on a load balancing router to combine additional lines if needed? Can you propose some server hardware specs?

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• Why should you choose Oracle WebLogic 12c instead of JBoss EAP 6?

  - by Ricardo Ferreira

  In this post, I will cover some technical differences between Oracle WebLogic 12c and JBoss EAP 6, which was released a couple days ago from Red Hat. This article claims to help you in the evaluation of key points that you should consider when choosing for an Java EE application server. In the following sections, I will present to you some important aspects that most customers ask us when they are seriously evaluating for an middleware infrastructure, specially if you are considering JBoss for some reason. I would suggest that you keep the following question in mind while you are reading the points: "Why should I choose JBoss instead of WebLogic?" 1) Multi Datacenter Deployment and Clustering - D/R ("Disaster & Recovery") architecture support is embedded on the WebLogic Server 12c product. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no direct D/R support included, Red Hat relies on third-part tools with higher prices. When you consider a middleware solution to host your business critical application, you should worry with every architectural aspect that are related with the solution. Fail-over support is one little aspect of a truly reliable solution. If you do not worry about D/R, your solution will not be reliable. Having said that, with Red Hat and JBoss EAP 6, you have this extra cost that will increase considerably the total cost of ownership of the solution. As we commonly hear from analysts, open-source are not so cheaper when you start seeing the big picture. - WebLogic Server 12c supports advanced LAN clustering, detection of death servers and have a common alert framework. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has limited LAN clustering support with no server death detection. They do not generate any alerts when servers goes down (only if you buy JBoss ON which is a separated technology, but until now does not support JBoss EAP 6) and manual intervention are required when servers goes down. In most cases, admin people must rely on "kill -9", "tail -f someFile.log" and "ps ax | grep java" commands to manage failures and clustering anomalies. - WebLogic Server 12c supports the concept of Node Manager, which is a separated process that runs on the physical | virtual servers that allows extend the administration of the cluster to WebLogic managed servers that are often distributed across multiple machines and geographic locations. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no equivalent technology. Whole server instances must be managed individually. - WebLogic Server 12c Node Manager supports Coherence to boost performance when managing servers. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no similar technology. There is no way to coordinate JBoss and infiniband instances provided by JBoss using high throughput and low latency protocols like InfiniBand. The Node Manager feature also allows another very important feature that JBoss EAP lacks: secure the administration. When using WebLogic Node Manager, all the administration tasks are sent to the managed servers in a secure tunel protected by a certificate, which means that the transport layer that separates the WebLogic administration console from the managed servers are secured by SSL. - WebLogic Server 12c are now integrated with OTD ("Oracle Traffic Director") which is a web server technology derived from the former Sun iPlanet Web Server. This software complements the web server support offered by OHS ("Oracle HTTP Server"). Using OTD, WebLogic instances are load-balanced by a high powerful software that knows how to handle SDP ("Socket Direct Protocol") over InfiniBand, which boost performance when used with engineered systems technologies like Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand only offers support to Apache Web Server with custom modules created to deal with JBoss clusters, but only across standard TCP/IP networks.  2) Application and Runtime Diagnostics - WebLogic Server 12c have diagnostics capabilities embedded on the server called WLDF ("WebLogic Diagnostic Framework") so there is no need to rely on third-part tools. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no diagnostics capabilities. Their only diagnostics tool is the log generated by the application server. Admin people are encouraged to analyse thousands of log lines to find out what is going on. - WebLogic Server 12c complement WLDF with JRockit MC ("Mission Control"), which provides to administrators and developers a complete insight about the JVM performance, behavior and possible bottlenecks. WebLogic Server 12c also have an classloader analysis tool embedded, and even a log analyzer tool that enables administrators and developers to view logs of multiple servers at the same time. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand relies on third-part tools to do something similar. Again, only log searching are offered to find out whats going on. - WebLogic Server 12c offers end-to-end traceability and monitoring available through Oracle EM ("Enterprise Manager"), including monitoring of business transactions that flows through web servers, ESBs, application servers and database servers, all of this with high deep JVM analysis and diagnostics. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand, even using JBoss ON ("Operations Network"), which is a separated technology, does not support those features. Red Hat relies on third-part tools to provide direct Oracle database traceability across JVMs. One of those tools are Oracle EM for non-Oracle middleware that manage JBoss, Tomcat, Websphere and IIS transparently. - WebLogic Server 12c with their JRockit support offers a tool called JRockit Flight Recorder, which can give developers a complete visibility of a certain period of application production monitoring with zero extra overhead. This automatic recording allows you to deep analyse threads latency, memory leaks, thread contention, resource utilization, stack overflow damages and GC ("Garbage Collection") cycles, to observe in real time stop-the-world phenomenons, generational, reference count and parallel collects and mutator threads analysis. JBoss EAP 6 don't even dream to support something similar, even because they don't have their own JVM. 3) Application Server Administration - WebLogic Server 12c offers a complete administration console complemented with scripting and macro-like recording capabilities. A single WebLogic console can managed up to hundreds of WebLogic servers belonging to the same domain. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a limited console and provides a XML centric administration. JBoss, after ten years, started the development of a rudimentary centralized administration that still leave a lot of administration tasks aside, so admin people and developers must touch scripts and XML configuration files for most advanced and even simple administration tasks. This lead applications to error prone and risky deployments. Even using JBoss ON, JBoss EAP are not able to offer decent administration features for admin people which must be high skilled in JBoss internal architecture and its managing capabilities. - Oracle EM is available to manage multiple domains, databases, application servers, operating systems and virtualization, with a complete end-to-end visibility. JBoss ON does not provide management capabilities across the complete architecture, only basic monitoring. Even deployment must be done aside JBoss ON which does no integrate well with others softwares than JBoss. Until now, JBoss ON does not supports JBoss EAP 6, so even their minimal support for JBoss are not available for JBoss EAP 6 leaving customers uncovered and subject to high skilled JBoss admin people. - WebLogic Server 12c has the same administration model whatever is the topology selected by the customer. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand differentiates between two operational models: standalone-mode and domain-mode, that are not consistent with each other. Depending on the mode used, the administration skill is different. - WebLogic Server 12c has no point-of-failures processes, and it does not need to define any specialized server. Domain model in WebLogic is available for years (at least ten years or more) and is production proven. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand needs special processes to garantee JBoss integrity, the PC ("Process-Controller") and the HC ("Host-Controller"). Different from WebLogic, the domain model in JBoss is quite new (one year at tops) of maturity, and need to mature considerably until start doing things like WebLogic domain model does. - WebLogic Server 12c supports parallel deployment model which enables some artifacts being deployed at the same time. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not have any similar feature. Every deployment are done atomically in the containers. This means that if you have a huge EAR (an EAR of 120 MB of size for instance) and deploy onto JBoss EAP 6, this EAR will take some minutes in order to starting accept thread requests. The same EAR deployed onto WebLogic Server 12c will reduce the deployment time at least in 2X compared to JBoss. 4) Support and Upgrades - WebLogic Server 12c has patch management available. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no patch management available, each JBoss EAP instance should be patched manually. To achieve such feature, you need to buy a separated technology called JBoss ON ("Operations Network") that manage this type of stuff. But until now, JBoss ON does not support JBoss EAP 6 so, in practice, JBoss EAP 6 does not have this feature. - WebLogic Server 12c supports previuous WebLogic domains without any reconfiguration since its kernel is robust and mature since its creation in 1995. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a proven lack of supportability between JBoss AS 4, 5, 6 and 7. Different kernels and messaging engines were implemented in JBoss stack in the last five years reveling their incapacity to create a well architected and proven middleware technology. - WebLogic Server 12c has patch prescription based on customer configuration. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such capability. People need to create ticket supports and have their installations revised by Red Hat support guys to gain some patch prescription from them. - Oracle WebLogic Server independent of the version has 8 years of support of new patches and has lifetime release of existing patches beyond that. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand provides patches for a specific application server version up to 5 years after the release date. JBoss EAP 4 and previous versions had only 4 years. A good question that Red Hat will argue to answer is: "what happens when you find issues after year 5"?  5) RAC ("Real Application Clusters") Support - WebLogic Server 12c ships with a specific JDBC driver to leverage Oracle RAC clustering capabilities (Fast-Application-Notification, Transaction Affinity, Fast-Connection-Failover, etc). Oracle JDBC thin driver are also available. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand ships only the standard Oracle JDBC thin driver. Load balancing with Oracle RAC are not supported. Manual intervention in case of planned or unplanned RAC downtime are necessary. In JBoss EAP 6, situation does not reestablish automatically after downtime. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called Active GridLink for Oracle RAC which provides up to 3X performance on OLTP applications. This seamless integration between WebLogic and Oracle database enable more value added to critical business applications leveraging their investments in Oracle database technology and Oracle middleware. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no performance gains at all, even when admin people implement some kind of connection-pooling tuning. - WebLogic Server 12c also supports transaction and web session affinity to the Oracle RAC, which provides aditional gains of performance. This is particularly interesting if you are creating a reliable solution that are distributed not only in an LAN cluster, but into a different data center. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such support. 6) Standards and Technology Support - WebLogic Server 12c is fully Java EE 6 compatible and production ready since december of 2011. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand became fully compatible with Java EE 6 only in the community version after three months, and production ready only in a few days considering that this article was written in June of 2012. Red Hat says that they are the masters of innovation and technology proliferation, but compared with Oracle and even other proprietary vendors like IBM, they historically speaking are lazy to deliver the most newest technologies and standards adherence. - Oracle is the steward of Java, driving innovation into the platform from commercial and open-source vendors. Red Hat on the other hand does not have its own JVM and relies on third-part JVMs to complete their application server offer. 95% of Red Hat customers are using Oracle HotSpot as JVM, which means that without Oracle involvement, their support are limited exclusively to the application server layer and we all know that most problems are happens in the JVM layer. - WebLogic Server 12c supports natively JDK 7, which empower developers to explore the maximum of the Java platform productivity when writing code. This feature differentiate WebLogic from others application servers (except GlassFish that are also managed by Oracle) because the usage of JDK 7 introduce such remarkable productivity features like the "try-with-resources" enhancement, catching multiple exceptions with one try block, Strings in the switch statements, JVM improvements in terms of JDBC, I/O, networking, security, concurrency and of course, the most important feature of Java 7: native support for multiple non-Java languages. More features regarding JDK 7 can be found here. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not support JDK 7 officially, they comment in their community version that "Java SE 7 can be used with JBoss 7" which does not gives you any guarantees of enterprise support for JDK 7. - Oracle WebLogic Server 12c supports integration with Spring framework allowing Spring applications to use WebLogic special transaction manager, exposing bean interfaces to WebLogic MBeans to take advantage of all WebLogic monitoring and administration advantages. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no special integration with Spring. In fact, Red Hat offers a suspicious package called "JBoss Web Platform" that in theory supports Spring, but in practice this package does not offers any special integration. It is just a facility for Red Hat customers to have support from both JBoss and Spring technology using the same customer support. 7) Lightweight Development - Oracle WebLogic Server 12c and Oracle GlassFish are completely integrated and can share applications without any modifications. Starting with the 12c version, WebLogic now understands natively GlassFish deployment descriptors and specific configurations in order to offer you a truly and reliable migration path from a community Java EE application server to a enterprise middleware product like WebLogic. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no support to natively reuse an existing (or still in development) application from JBoss AS community server. Users of JBoss suffer of critical issues during deployment time that includes: changing the libraries and dependencies of the application, patching the DTD or XSD deployment descriptors, refactoring of the application layers due classloading issues and anomalies, rebuilding of persistence, business and web layers due issues with "usage of the certified version of an certain dependency" or "frameworks that Red Hat potentially does not recommend" etc. If you have the culture or enterprise IT directive of developing Java EE applications using community middleware to in a certain future, transition to enterprise (supported by a vendor) middleware, Oracle WebLogic plus Oracle GlassFish offers you a more sustainable solution. - WebLogic Server 12c has a very light ZIP distribution (less than 165 MB). JBoss EAP 6 ZIP size is around 130 MB, together with JBoss ON you have more 100 MB resulting in a higher download footprint. This is particularly interesting if you plan to use automated setup of application server instances (for example, to rapidly setup a development or staging environment) using Maven or Hudson. - WebLogic Server 12c has a complete integration with Maven allowing developers to setup WebLogic domains with few commands. Tasks like downloading WebLogic, installation, domain creation, data sources deployment are completely integrated. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a limited offer integration with those tools.  - WebLogic Server 12c has a startup mode called WLX that turns-off EJB, JMS and JCA containers leaving enabled only the web container with Java EE 6 web profile. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such feature, you need to disable manually the containers that you do not want to use. - WebLogic Server 12c supports fastswap, which enables you to change classes without redeployment. This is particularly interesting if you are developing patches for the application that is already deployed and you do not want to redeploy the entire application. This is the same behavior that most application servers offers to JSP pages, but with WebLogic Server 12c, you have the same feature for Java classes in general. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no such support. Even JBoss EAP 5 does not support this until now. 8) JMS and Messaging - WebLogic Server 12c has a proven and high scalable JMS implementation since its initial release in 1995. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a still immature technology called HornetQ, which was introduced in JBoss EAP 5 replacing everything that was implemented in the previous versions. Red Hat loves to introduce new technologies across JBoss versions, playing around with customers and their investments. And when they are asked about why they have changed the implementation and caused such a mess, their answer is always: "the previous implementation was inadequate and not aligned with the community strategy so we are creating a new a improved one". This Red Hat practice leads to uncomfortable investments that in a near future (sometimes less than a year) will be affected in someway. - WebLogic Server 12c has troubleshooting and monitoring features included on the WebLogic console and WLDF. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no direct monitoring on the console, activity is reflected only on the logs, no debug logs available in case of JMS issues. - WebLogic Server 12c has extremely good performance and scalability. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has a JMS storage mechanism relying on Oracle database or MySQL. This means that if an issue in production happens and Red Hat affirms that an performance issue is happening due to database problems, they will not support you on the performance issue. They will orient you to call Oracle instead. - WebLogic Server 12c supports messaging enterprise features like SAF ("Store and Forward"), Distributed Queues/Topics and Foreign JMS providers support that leverage JMS implementations without compromise developer code making things completely transparent. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand do not even dream to support such features. 9) Caching and Grid - Coherence, which is the leading and most mature data grid technology from Oracle, is available since early 2000 and was integrated with WebLogic in 2009. Coherence and WebLogic clusters can be both managed from WebLogic administrative console. Even Node Manager supports Coherence. JBoss on the other hand discontinued JBoss Cache, which was their caching implementation just like they did with the messaging implementation (JBossMQ) which was a issue for long term customers. JBoss EAP 6 ships InfiniSpan version 1.0 which is immature and lack a proven record of successful cases and reliability. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called ActiveCache which uses Coherence to, without any code changes, replicate HTTP sessions from both WebLogic and other application servers like JBoss, Tomcat, Websphere, GlassFish and even Microsoft IIS. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does have such support and even when they do in the future, they probably will support only their own application server. - Coherence can be used to manage both L1 and L2 cache levels, providing support to Oracle TopLink and others JPA compliant implementations, even Hibernate. JBoss EAP 6 and Infinispan on the other hand supports only Hibernate. And most important of all: Infinispan does not have any successful case of L1 or L2 caching level support using Hibernate, which lead us to reflect about its viability. 10) Performance - WebLogic Server 12c is certified with Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud and can run unchanged applications at this engineered system. This approach can benefit customers from Exalogic optimization's of both kernel and JVM layers to boost performance in terms of 10X for web, OLTP, JMS and grid applications. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no investment on engineered systems: customers do not have the choice to deploy on a Java ultra fast system if their project becomes relevant and performance issues are detected. - WebLogic Server 12c maintains a performance gain across each new release: starting on WebLogic 5.1, the overall performance gain has been close to 4X, which close to a 20% gain release by release. JBoss on the other hand does not provide SPECJAppServer or SPECJEnterprise performance benchmarks. Their so called "performance gains" remains hidden in their customer environments, which lead us to think if it is true or not since we will never get access to those environments. - WebLogic Server 12c has industry performance benchmarks with submissions across platforms and configurations leading SPECJ. Oracle WebLogic leads SPECJAppServer performance in multiple categories, fitting all customer topologies like: dual-node, single-node, multi-node and multi-node with RAC. JBoss... again, does not provide any SPECJAppServer performance benchmarks. - WebLogic Server 12c has a feature called work manager which allows your application to embrace new performance levels based on critical resource utilization of the CPUs usage. Work managers prioritizes work and allocates threads based on an execution model that takes into account administrator-defined parameters and actual run-time performance and throughput. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand has no compared feature and probably they never will. Not supporting such feature like work managers, JBoss EAP 6 forces admin people and specially developers to uncover performance gains in a intrusive way, rewriting the code and doing performance refactorings. 11) Professional Services Support - WebLogic Server 12c and any other technology sold by Oracle give customers the possibility of hire OCS ("Oracle Consulting Services") to manage critical scenarios, deployment assistance of new applications, high skilled consultancy of architecture, best practices and people allocation together with customer teams. All OCS services are available without any restrictions, having the customer bought software from Oracle or just starting their implementation before any acquisition. JBoss EAP 6 or Red Hat to be more specifically, only offers professional services if you buy subscriptions from them. If you are developing a new critical application for your business and need the help of Red Hat for a serious issue or architecture decision, they will probably say: "OK... I can help you but after you buy subscriptions from me". Red Hat also does not allows their professional services consultants to manage environments that uses community based software. They will probably force you to first buy a subscription, download their "enterprise" version and them, optionally hire their consultants. - Oracle provides you our university to educate your team into our technologies, including of course specialized trainings of WebLogic application server. At any time and location, you can hire Oracle to train your team so you get trustful knowledge according to your specific needs. Certifications for the products are also available if your technical people desire to differentiate themselves as professionals. Red Hat on the other hand have a limited pool of resources to train your team in their technologies. Basically they are selling training and certification for RHEL ("Red Hat Enterprise Linux") but if you demand more specialized training in JBoss middleware, they will probably connect you to some "certified" partner localized training since they are apparently discontinuing their education center, at least here in Brazil. They were not able to reproduce their success with RHEL education to their middleware division since they need first sell the subscriptions to after gives you specialized training. And again, they only offer you specialized training based on their enterprise version (EAP in the case of JBoss) which means that the courses will be a quite outdated. There are reports of developers that took official training's from Red Hat at this year (2012) and in a certain JBoss advanced course, Red Hat supposedly covered JBossMQ as the messaging subsystem, and even the printed material provided was based on JBossMQ since the training was created for JBoss EAP 4.3. 12) Encouraging Transparency without Ulterior Motives - WebLogic Server 12c like any other software from Oracle can be downloaded any time from anywhere, you should only possess an OTN ("Oracle Technology Network") credential and you can download any enterprise software how many times you want. And is not some kind of "trial" version. It is the official binaries that will be running for ever in your data center. Oracle does not encourages the usage of "specific versions" of our software. The binaries you buy from Oracle are the same binaries anyone in the world could download and use for testing and personal education. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand are not available for download unless you buy a subscription and get access to the Red Hat enterprise repositories. If you need to test, learn or just start creating your application using Red Hat's middleware software, you should download it from the community website. You are not allowed to download the enterprise version that, according to Red Hat are more secure, reliable and robust. But no one of us want to start the development of a software with an unsecured, unreliable and not scalable middleware right? So what you do? You are "invited" by Red Hat to buy subscriptions from them to get access to the "cool" version of the software. - WebLogic Server 12c prices are publicly available in the Oracle website. If you want to know right now how much WebLogic will cost to your organization, just click here and get access to our price list. In the case of WebLogic, check out the "US Oracle Technology Commercial Price List". Oracle also encourages you to get in touch with a sales representative to discuss discounts that would make possible the investment into our technology. But you are not required to do this, only if you are interested in buying our technology or maybe you want to discuss some discount scenarios. JBoss EAP 6 on the other hand does not have its cost publicly available in Red Hat's website or in any other media, at least is not so easy to get such information. The only link you will possibly find in their website is a "Contact a Sales Representative" link. This is not a very good relationship between an customer and an vendor. This is not an example of transparency, mainly when the software are sold as open. In this situations, customers expects to see the software prices publicly available, so they can have the chance to decide, based on the existing features of the software, if the cost is fair or not. Conclusion Oracle WebLogic is the most mature, secure, reliable and scalable Java EE application server of the market, and have a proven record of success around the globe to prove it's majority. Don't lose the chance to discover today how WebLogic could fit your needs and sustain your global IT middleware strategy, no matter if your strategy are completely based on the Cloud or not.

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• XP machines on Domain not reporting WMI Data in a 2003 Server Environment

  - by Az

  I am running into a very quirky issue and I hope someone out there can help. We use a monitoring program for several networks we oversee that is WMI data dependent for a great deal of it's functionality. The Windows 2000 Professional workstations, as well as the 2003 servers in our network report WMI data fine, the Windows XP professional machines will not let me view them from within the WMI snap in for MMC (they return a Win32: Access Denied) error. I am of course logged in with an account with domain admin privileges on the domain controller when I attempt it. DCOM is enabled in component services, and the remote security option is set to allow as well. If we remove the machine from the domain and rejoin it, some workstations will show up as WMI enabled temporarily and then when I try to access them again later I get the access denied error again out of the blue. Hoping someone out there has had a similar problem or they have advice. I have had this problem with the firewall turned on or off. Thanks for your time! -Az

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• DKIM- Filter No Signature Data

  - by Vineet Sharma

  I have installed DKIM-Filter on Postfix after reading this tutorial http://www.unibia.com/unibianet/systems-networking/how-setup-domainkeys-identified-mail-dkim-postfix-and-ubuntu-server My email now has a DKIM signature but still it is landing in the SPAM folder. Here is the header Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: 69.164.193.167 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) client-ip=69.164.193.167; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=neutral (google.com: 69.164.193.167 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) [email protected]; dkim=hardfail (test mode) [email protected] Received: from promote.a2labs.in (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by promote.a2labs.in (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 34858530E8 for <[email protected]>; Mon, 28 Feb 2011 12:23:07 +0530 (IST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=a2labs.in; s=mail; t=1298875987; bh=bo+H1VYPIHMja2u7i1lnzr4k/j4Pe8iSf79bVw94XpI=; h=To:Subject:Message-ID:Date:From:Reply-To:MIME-Version: Content-Type:Content-Transfer-Encoding; b=nhTdlnUwo0iUJ92ycQzKSRjw 5Pfya0DJcJrAc8Mr2hIv8OLpgzBCzdOMWTGqR5nuUmAzgCGYBhYAM2XZwVxo9JG/iz7 oYKysmNQnskFx0TRyW3UOkDWcfHcPnCL6Y7fGzZWinmsyjsg47k+mKZg/e8jqlwTAMO PYKkt5pBz7SM0= Also my mail.err file shows Feb 28 12:17:03 ivineet dkim-filter[32181]: 1F788530E1: no signature data Feb 28 12:18:02 ivineet dkim-filter[32181]: 432BA530E2: no signature data How to fix it

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• Dell Poweredge 2600 RAID Transfer How-to

  - by DCookie

  Help, please! Hardware: Dell Poweredge 2600 PERC 4 SCSI Drives, 1 standalone 3 in a RAID 5 configuration OS: Windows 2000 Server In other words, a fairly old system. Anyway, we are in the process of taking over support for this site. The current tech wants out and is fading from view fast, so we need to solve this problem: The standalone disk (where the OS was) failed. We've replaced the disk, installed the OS, but need to know exactly how to proceed from here. I've never worked with a RAID system before, so I don't want to touch anything without knowing what I'm doing. We are not certain if the site will want us to attempt to recover the array or wait for the old tech to become available. We have replaced the server with a temporary box, and recovered MOST of the data from an online backup service. However, the other tech failed to backup a part of the data and the only copy of it is on this RAID array. Hence, our caution. We have poked minimally around in the boot-up PERC config utility, and it seems to me that that's where we'll need to be to reclaim the array. Another possibility is that there is some Dell software for the RAID controller we need to acquire. Can anyone provide clues as to how to proceed from here? Any help GREATLY appreciated.

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• How can I fix my corrupted RAID1 ext4 partition on a Synology DS212 NAS?

  - by Neil

  I have two identical 3 TB disks that were in a RAID1 array, where one disk crashed. I replaced the failed disk, but not after the RAID partitions got messed up. I need to figure out how to restore the RAID array and get at my ext4 partition. Here are the properties of the surviving disk: # fdisk -l /dev/sda fdisk: device has more than 2^32 sectors, can't use all of them Disk /dev/sda: 2199.0 GB, 2199023255040 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 267349 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee EFI GPT # parted /dev/sda print Model: ATA ST3000DM001-9YN1 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 131kB 2550MB 2550MB ext4 raid 2 2550MB 4698MB 2147MB linux-swap(v1) raid 5 4840MB 3001GB 2996GB raid I replaced the failed drive, and cloned the surviving drive to it so I have something to work with. I cloned the drives with dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/sda conv=noerror bs=64M, and now /dev/sda and /dev/sdb are identical. Here is the RAID information: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] 2097088 blocks [2/1] [_U] md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] 2490176 blocks [2/1] [_U] unused devices: <none> It seems that md2 is missing. Here is what testdisk 6.14-WIP finds: Disk /dev/sda - 3000 GB / 2794 GiB - CHS 364801 255 63 Current partition structure: Partition Start End Size in sectors 1 P Linux Raid 256 4980735 4980480 [md0] 2 P Linux Raid 4980736 9175039 4194304 [md1] Invalid RAID superblock 5 P Linux Raid 9453280 5860519007 5851065728 5 P Linux Raid 9453280 5860519007 5851065728 # After a quick search Disk /dev/sda - 3000 GB / 2794 GiB - CHS 364801 255 63 Partition Start End Size in sectors D MS Data 256 4980607 4980352 [1.41.12-2197] D Linux Raid 256 4980735 4980480 [md0] D Linux Swap 4980736 9174895 4194160 D Linux Raid 4980736 9175039 4194304 [md1] >P MS Data 9481056 5858437983 5848956928 [1.41.12-2228] And listing the files on the last partition in the list shows all of my files intact. What should I do?

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