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• What's the equivalent name of "procedure" in OOP?

  - by AeroCross

  In several of my programming courses in the University, my teachers always told me the following: A function and a procedure are basically the same thing: the only difference is that a function returns a value, and the procedure doesn't. That means that this: function sum($a, $b) { return $a + $b; } ... is a function, and this: function sum($a, $b) { echo $a + $b; } ... is a procedure. In the same train of thought, I've seen that a method is the equivalent of a function in the OOP world. That means that this: class Example { function sum($a, $b) { return $a + $b; } } Is a method — but how do you call this? class Example { function sum($a, $b) { echo $a + $b; } } What's the equivalent name, or how do you call a method that doesn't returns anything?

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• App Development books for intermediate level

  - by 0cool

  This question seems to be asked previously on this site but the audience targeted are different. I am an Engineering student who knows Python, C and familiar with Java(learning now; good at fundamentals) & HTML. Now, I want to develop facebook & Android apps. I went through their respective documentations but couldn't really understand and thought to search for beginner books but they have been written from too basic. (There is an beginner's android book for from APress for people who have no idea of programming). My problem is, I am unable to find the right book to learn. Either they are for beginners or for experts... For guys like me, can anyone point out a good book?

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• What's the best way to get up to speed with Java?

  - by Kosta

  I'm a software developer that just switched teams so I shall write code in Java now. Last time I wrote something in the language was in programming 101 at uni (I was already an amateur coder back then). So what is the best book/tutorial to get up to speed with Java? Where's the Java - the good parts? Learn you some Java for great good? Learn Java the hard way? Or is it too enterprisey for that kind of passion...?

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• Associative array challenges, or examples?

  - by Aerovistae

  I understand well when and how to use an associative array, but I'm trying to teach a friend to program and I'm having some trouble with this particular concept. I need a good set of problems whose solutions are best implemented through the use of maps/hashes/associative arrays/dictionaries. I googled all over and couldn't find any. I was hoping someone might know of some, or perhaps get a community wiki sort of answer. That way I can say, here's our problem, and here's how we could effectively solve it through the use of an associative array... It's one of those cases where when I'm programming and I run into a situation that calls for a dictionary, I recognize it, but I can't seem to make up any such situations to use for a demonstration.

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• CPU Usage in Very Large Coherence Clusters

  - by jpurdy

  When sizing Coherence installations, one of the complicating factors is that these installations (by their very nature) tend to be application-specific, with some being large, memory-intensive caches, with others acting as I/O-intensive transaction-processing platforms, and still others performing CPU-intensive calculations across the data grid. Regardless of the primary resource requirements, Coherence sizing calculations are inherently empirical, in that there are so many permutations that a simple spreadsheet approach to sizing is rarely optimal (though it can provide a good starting estimate). So we typically recommend measuring actual resource usage (primarily CPU cycles, network bandwidth and memory) at a given load, and then extrapolating from those measurements. Of course there may be multiple types of load, and these may have varying degrees of correlation -- for example, an increased request rate may drive up the number of objects "pinned" in memory at any point, but the increase may be less than linear if those objects are naturally shared by concurrent requests. But for most reasonably-designed applications, a linear resource model will be reasonably accurate for most levels of scale. However, at extreme scale, sizing becomes a bit more complicated as certain cluster management operations -- while very infrequent -- become increasingly critical. This is because certain operations do not naturally tend to scale out. In a small cluster, sizing is primarily driven by the request rate, required cache size, or other application-driven metrics. In larger clusters (e.g. those with hundreds of cluster members), certain infrastructure tasks become intensive, in particular those related to members joining and leaving the cluster, such as introducing new cluster members to the rest of the cluster, or publishing the location of partitions during rebalancing. These tasks have a strong tendency to require all updates to be routed via a single member for the sake of cluster stability and data integrity. Fortunately that member is dynamically assigned in Coherence, so it is not a single point of failure, but it may still become a single point of bottleneck (until the cluster finishes its reconfiguration, at which point this member will have a similar load to the rest of the members). The most common cause of scaling issues in large clusters is disabling multicast (by configuring well-known addresses, aka WKA). This obviously impacts network usage, but it also has a large impact on CPU usage, primarily since the senior member must directly communicate certain messages with every other cluster member, and this communication requires significant CPU time. In particular, the need to notify the rest of the cluster about membership changes and corresponding partition reassignments adds stress to the senior member. Given that portions of the network stack may tend to be single-threaded (both in Coherence and the underlying OS), this may be even more problematic on servers with poor single-threaded performance. As a result of this, some extremely large clusters may be configured with a smaller number of partitions than ideal. This results in the size of each partition being increased. When a cache server fails, the other servers will use their fractional backups to recover the state of that server (and take over responsibility for their backed-up portion of that state). The finest granularity of this recovery is a single partition, and the single service thread can not accept new requests during this recovery. Ordinarily, recovery is practically instantaneous (it is roughly equivalent to the time required to iterate over a set of backup backing map entries and move them to the primary backing map in the same JVM). But certain factors can increase this duration drastically (to several seconds): large partitions, sufficiently slow single-threaded CPU performance, many or expensive indexes to rebuild, etc. The solution of course is to mitigate each of those factors but in many cases this may be challenging. Larger clusters also lead to the temptation to place more load on the available hardware resources, spreading CPU resources thin. As an example, while we've long been aware of how garbage collection can cause significant pauses, it usually isn't viewed as a major consumer of CPU (in terms of overall system throughput). Typically, the use of a concurrent collector allows greater responsiveness by minimizing pause times, at the cost of reducing system throughput. However, at a recent engagement, we were forced to turn off the concurrent collector and use a traditional parallel "stop the world" collector to reduce CPU usage to an acceptable level. In summary, there are some less obvious factors that may result in excessive CPU consumption in a larger cluster, so it is even more critical to test at full scale, even though allocating sufficient hardware may often be much more difficult for these large clusters.

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• Why does a computer science degree matter to a professional programmer?

  - by P.Brian.Mackey

  I have a degree in computer science. It has been great for opening doors, getting a job. As far as helping me in the professional field of C# .NET programming (the most popular platform and language in the area I work if not the entire united states on hands down the most popular OS in the world) its hardly useful. Why do you think it helps you as a programmer in your professional career (outside spouting off to prims algorithm to impress some interviewer)? In today's world adaptation, a quick mind, strong communication, OO and fundamental design skills enable a developer to write software that a customer will accept. These skills are only skimmed over in the cs program. In my mind, reading a 500 page C# book by Wrox offers far more useable a skillset than 4 years of the comp sci math blaster courses. Many disagree. So, why does a computer science degree matter?

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• Republishing blog posts on a popular website

  - by Giorgi

  I started my blog about programming yesterday and in order to promote and increase traffic I submitted my rss to Codeproject which pulls my posts and publishes them at Codeproject. While it increases the number of people reading my posts (but they are reading it at codeproject) I am worried that Google will penalize my site for duplicate content (Especially considering that Codeproject has much more reputation compared to my new website). The post at Codeproject has a link back to my blog post but it does not have "rel=canonical". So my question which one is better: a link from a high reputation website and some traffic or should I remove it from codeproject so that my blog is not penalized? What if codeproject adds "rel=canonical" to the link?

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• Funky Behavior NoTracking Query Entities

  I’ve been using a lot of NoTracking queries to grab lists of data that I don’t need change tracked. It enhances performance and cuts down on resources. There are some nuances about these entities, however. One of the interesting behaviors of EF4’s Lazy Loading is that even if you have entities that you have queried with NoTracking on, they will still lazy load related entities. Unless you’ve read this somewhere (it’s on the ADO.NET team’s blog post which introduces...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Transisting from Chemical engineering to software industry what to do??

  - by console cowboy

  Hello all. Currently I am in my last semester of Engineering & has made my mind to switch to software field but given my knowledge of programming limited only to C. I am confused what to do next.Currently i have two choices. 1) Get good at C,Learn Python & write some good code/Apps & increase my employability chances. Or 2) Do some Java/.Net certifications to increase my employability chances. Any kind of advice/suggestion is highly welcomed. P.s:I am also good at Linux & have a above average knowledge of operating systems. P.p.s:An view from Indian Programmers would be beneficial.

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• Using dot To Access Object Attribute and Proper abstraction

  - by cobie

  I have been programming in python and java for quite a number of years and one thing i find myself doing is using the setters and getters from java in python but a number of blogs seem to think using the dot notation for access is the pythonic way. What I would like to know is if using dot to access methods does not violate abstraction principle. If for example I implement an attribute as a single object and use dot notation to access, if I wanted to change the code later so that the attribute is represented by a list of objects, that would require quite some heavy lifting which violates abstraction principle.

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• Which tips helped you learn touch-typing? [closed]

  - by julien

  I've been learning touch-typing for about two weeks now, and I'm really commited to mastering this skill. Eventhough I'm doing ok with prose already, I'm struggling with programming syntax and even more with keybindings. Those stray you away from the home row more than regular words, and aren't as easy to practice. So I often hunt and peck in order to just get it out, but when reverting to old habits like this, I find it hard to get back into the touch-typing mindframe quickly. One little trick that has helped me so far when getting lost is to reposition every finger on its home row key, and mentally visualize the layout bias of the keyboard, ie the backslash kind of alignment of key columns. It's hard to describe though and probably a bit weird... Hope you guys have better tips !

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• Where to start learning OpenGL with C++?

  - by NERDcustard

  I'm 16 years old and my name is Norbert. I have learnt C++ and made some cool text based games and such but I would love to start graphic's programming. I'm a decent artiest (I will have some of my work bellow) I know the base of C++ but I really would like to get into OpenGL. I need someone to show me some good tutorials for OpenGl with C++ so I can really get into game dev. My goal is to be able to program a simple 2d game by the end of the year and I have lots of time to do so. I'm en-rolled in a game dev next year and really need some help with starting off. http://imgur.com/QZjKX http://imgur.com/3CZy7

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• Wireless does not work anymore after software update with Ubuntu 12.10 on a Dell Latitude E6230

  - by Andy

  I just installed Ubuntu 12.10 on my DELL Latitude E6230, on first boot wifi worked properly but when I updated the software it stopped working. I can't figure out the problem... The wireless network controller is a Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless Lan Controller (rev 01) "lshw -class network" gives, for the above controller: *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:f7d00000-f7d03fff After reading the answer to another similar question, I edited the file NetworkManager.conf to make "managed=true", but that did not make any difference, it is as if the wireless adapter were not there. In the "Network" setting window, I only see "Wired" and "Network proxy". Wireless has just disappeared: rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no and that's it! Nothing about the wireless controller... Any suggestions?

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• Studying computer science - what am I getting myself into?

  - by clankercrusher

  I'm a student considering the possibility of studying computer science. I've picked up programming indie games and websites as a hobby and I really enjoy it. Despite my fairly positive experience, I somehow get the feeling that computer science in the business world will be completely different than do-it-for-fun game making. Since I'm interested in the field and I'd like to study well, I want to prepare myself for the onslaught. (If that’s even possible) What are some of the most important principals I need to know if I decide to study computer science? What will I need to know about computer science that a University probably won't teach me? Is there any way I can get hands on experience before or while I'm at a University? What am I getting myself into? P.S. Is this the right stack exchange site for this type of question?

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• Basics of drawing in 2d with OpenGL 3 shaders

  - by davidism

  I am new to OpenGL 3 and graphics programming, and want to create some basic 2d graphics. I have the following scenario of how I might go about drawing a basic (but general) 2d rectangle. I'm not sure if this is the correct way to think about it, or, if it is, how to implement it. In my head, here's how I imagine doing it: t = make_rectangle(width, height) build general VBO, centered at 0, 0 optionally: t.set_scale(2) optionally: t.set_angle(30) t.draw_at(x, y) calculates some sort of scale/rotate/translate matrix (or matrices), passes the VBO and the matrix to a shader program Something happens to clip the world to the view visible on screen. I'm really unclear on how 4 and 5 will work. The main problem is that all the tutorials I find either: use fixed function pipeline, are for 3d, or are unclear how to do something this "simple". Can someone provide me with either a better way to think of / do this, or some concrete code detailing performing the transformations in a shader and constructing and passing the data required for this shader transformation?

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• Why should I adopt MVC?

  - by Andrew

  I decided to get my hands wet and got the YII framework for PHP. I created my first application, then created new controller, model and view. Connected to database, got my record passed from controller to the view and printed the hello world. I am confused now. If I have to do the same thing for each page, this seems like a nightmare to me. In each controller I have to do a lot of same operations - declare variables, and pass them to views. I also need to create models for each page and this is all confusing to me. In my idea the main goal of development is to avoid duplication, but what I see here is lots and lots of duplicated code. Please advise and clarify. Maybe you could suggest a good reading about MVC and coding patterns and best practices in MVC. Because so far, it takes much more time to create a small site using MVC than using my own programming schema.

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• Are there existing FOSS component-based frameworks?

  - by Tesserex

  The component based game programming paradigm is becoming much more popular. I was wondering, are there any projects out there that offer a reusable component framework? In any language, I guess I don't care about that. It's not for my own project, I'm just curious. Specifically I mean are there projects that include a base Entity class, a base Component class, and maybe some standard components? It would then be much easier starting a game if you didn't want to reinvent the wheel, or maybe you want a GraphicsComponent that does sprites with Direct3D, but you figure it's already been done a dozen times. A quick Googling turns up Rusher. Has anyone heard of this / does anyone use it? If there are no popular ones, then why not? Is it too difficult to make something like this reusable, and they need heavy customization? In my own implementation I found a lot of boilerplate that could be shoved into a framework.

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• Having MSc or Bsc with Experience, whats worth in industrial environments?

  - by Abimaran

  I'm a fresh graduate in Electronic & Telecommunication field, and in our University, we can have major and minor fields in the relevant subjects. So, I majored in telecommunication and minored in Software Engineering. As I learned programing long before, Now I'm passionate in SE and programming. And, I want drive into the SE field. And, It came to know that, in industries, most of them expecting the candidates to have the Bsc + experience of two+ years, or having a MSc in the related field. [I'm referring my surrounding environment, not all the industries]. My Question, How do they consider those MSc and BSc + experience guys in the industries? IMO, having MSc is great assert with comparing to have experience. Because, in the industry, you can drive in a particular technology (Java, .Net or some thing else), not all, and with MSc, we can get the domain knowledge, not a particular technology! Thanks!

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• What is the best way to pass data into an API from a website?

  - by Chris Wakoksi

  My main objective is to create a User Interface in order to provision(change the status: activate, deactivate, or suspend) modems. I have received a SOAP developer's guide to the specific type of modem that helps out with the specific values that I need to pass into Iridium's WSDL but I cannot figure out how to do this from a webpage I have created using HTML/CSS, and PHP? I have been told by others that I need to know the portal. I have no idea what that means. I am a beginner programmer who has learned programming for this project. Any suggestions as to how to pass my data into the provisioning API?

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• Best accounting software for freelance/contractor programmer? [closed]

  - by user1352034

  I know this isn't exactly a programming question but I am hoping to find some programmers who freelance or do contractor work in the US. I have started to work on side jobs and have been billing my clients using Paypal. I then would store those records in a Google excel doc but realize this will get out of hand as time goes on and am looking for a good solution. I am no accountant so I am not sure of everything I would need but I am guessing basic invoicing, expenses, reporting, integration with paypal, etc.. Any contractors or freelancers in here could recommend what they use? I have researched a few but would like to hear what other people are using and how it is working out for them. Thanks for your time!

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• Are there any good guides for making mods for Minecraft?

  - by Pureferret

  I've been coding in Java for 5 months at work now, and having past experience with programming in other languages, modifying existing code at Uni etc. I feel like I want to get started on (read: continue learning to program by) modding with minecraft. I know what I need, but not exactly how to do so. I once saw some good guides on the minecraft forum, but they all explained how to write in java, hows different classes in the code work etc. I'm more interested in how you decompile the code, write your own separate from the main 'trunk' of minecraft and then package it to install with a tool like 'Magic Loader'. My issue with these guides is that they always relied on being in windows, but I'm primarily a linux user, and the guides on the forums only seemed to assume you were on a Windows box. So is there a good 'walkthrough' for modding for Minecraft? Especially one where it assumes or at least allows for the fact you are in linux?

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• Simpler alternative to AngelScript

  - by Vee

  I want to give players the ability to create and share bullet patterns for a shoot'em up. The pattern scripts should have all the common programming stuff like loops, if/else, variables, and so on. But in the end, I just want them to call a "spawn bullet at X, Y with Z angle and A speed" in the C++ game. To spawn a circle of bullets, the user should only have to write a script with a for loop that goes from 0 to 360 and calls the spawn bullet function on every iteration. I tried integrating AngelScript, but I am getting nowhere - it looks way to complex for a simple task like this one. Is there an easy to integrate library that can solve my problem? Thanks.

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• Easiest, most fun way to program 2D games? Flash? XNA? Some other engine?

  - by Maxi

  Hi, this is a post detailing my search for the most enjoyable way for a hobbyist game programmer to sweeten his free time with making a game. My requirements: I looked at Flash first, I made a couple of small games but I'm doubtful of the performance. I would like to make a fairly large strategy game, with several hundred units fighting simultaneously, explosions and animations included. Also zoomable maps. I saw that Adobe has a new 3D API for Flash, but I don't know if that improves 2D performance aswell, I couldn't find anything related to that question on their MAX10 sessions. Would you say that Flash is a good technology for making large 2D games easily? I really like Actionscript, and I love how easy everything is in Flash. There are several engines available which make it even easier. I just do this for fun, and it would be even better if there were proper animation/particle editors available and if the engine I were to use, would be available for multiple platforms. (so more people can play my game once finished). I'd like to have it available on many mobile platforms aswell. (because I love touch input for some reason) I do know the XNA framework pretty well, but there are no good engines available for it, and it will only run on Windows, which is a huge turn off. Even bigger is, that you need to install the XNA redistributable each time you want to give the game to someone. If I use XNA, I would have to make all the tools myself, and I'd probably have to make them with WPF. (I'd love to make tools with Adobe AIR, but unfortunately the API's for image manipulation etc. are far worse in Flash, than they are in XNA/WPF.) Now, I'm aware that I could make my own engine that supports each of those platforms, but quite frankly, that would be too much work plowing through APIs. After all, I want to make a game, not an engine. So the question becomes: Is there maybe a cross platform (free or free to develop?) engine available that I could use for 2D development? I prefer: C#, Actionscript. I don't mind using c++ if the toolset is above average, but I highly doubt that there is something out there like that. Please prove me wrong :) So summary: I'd like to use Flash, but I don't know if it scales well enough. I'm not a scripter, I want some real APIs that I can work with inside a proper IDE. Just for information, I looked at several alternatives, I'm actually looking for a long time already. You'd help me a lot to make a decision finally. Feature-wise the Flatredball engine would be ideal. But I tried their tools, and quite frankly, they are horrible. Absolutely unusable, I'd need to make my own for sure. I didn't look at their API, but if their tools are so bad, I'm not inclined to look further. Unity3D. This one is quite nice, but I really don't need 3D, and it is quite ...a lot of work to learn. I also don't like that it is so expensive to use for different platforms and that I can only code for it through scripting. You have to buy each platform separately. The editor usability is average, the product overall is good enough for most purposes, but learning it myself would be overkill. Shiva 3D. It looks good enough, but again: I don't really need 3D. The editor usability is a little worse than Unity3D in my opinion and it wasn't clear to me how to start programming. I think it requires C++ for coding, so that's a negative too. I want to have fun, and c# is fun ;) SDL. Quite frankly, I'd still need to port to all those different SDL implementations. And I don't like OpenGL style programming, it's just plain ugly. And it needs c++, I know that there might be some wrappers available, but I don't like to use wrappers, because... Irrlicht. A lot of features, but support seems to be low and it is aimed at enthusiasts. C# bindings get dropped repeatedly. I'm not an engine enthusiast, I just want to make a game. I don't see this happening with Irrlicht. Ogre3D. Way too much work, it's just a graphics engine. Also no multiple platform support and c++. Torque2D. Costs something to use, and I didn't hear a lot of good things about support and documentation. Also costs extra for each platform.

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• Good ergonomic keyboards for ruby/rails programmer using vim (on Mac) [closed]

  - by Brand

  I'm looking to buy an ergonomic keyboard but I'm unable to find answers for my specific needs. I'm a programmer so I need to be able to have quick/easy access to my curly brace and bracket keys. I use vim extensively so having the ctrl and esc keys in a easier to reach location would help. I'm also a mac user (doing ruby/rails dev). With all these things in mind, what are some good options for ergonomic keyboards? I'm afraid someone will see this as "off topic" but please realize I need to ask fellow programmers. For example, I was thinking of the Kinesis Keyboard but read some reviews saying it's not good for programming. That's when I realized other programmers would be the best at answering this question.

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• How to create a reasonably sized urban area manually but efficiently

  - by Overv

  I have a game concept that only really works in an urban area that is of reasonable scale and diversity. In terms of what it should look like, think GTA, in terms of the size think more like a small neighbourhood with residents and a few local shops, perhaps a supermarket. I'm mostly experienced in programming and not at all with modelling, texturing or drawing, but I've found that SketchUp allows me to design interesting looking buildings that I model after real world buildings in my own neighbourhood. Designing these buildings and other objects can take from a few tens of minutes to a few hours. My question is: what is the best approach for a one man army like me who does manage to model buildings to create an interesting city environment in a reasonable amount of time? My game will not be based on procedural generation, the environment will actually be modelled like GTA cities.

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