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  • Event Dispatching, void pointer and alternatives

    - by PeeS
    i have my event dispatching / handling functionality working fine, but there is one issue that i need to resolve. Long story short, here are the details. // The event structure struct tEventMessage { // Type of the event int Type; // (void*) Allows those to be casted into per-Type objects void *pArgument1; void *pArgument2; }; I am sending events from different modules in my engine by using the above structure, which requires a pointer to an argument. All messages are queued, and then dispatched on the next ::Tick(). It works fine, untill i try to send something that doesn't exist in next ::Tick, for example: When a mouse click is being handled, it calculates the click coordinates in world space. This is being sent with a pointer to a vector representing that position, but after my program quits that method, this pointer gets invalid obviously, cause local CVector3 is destructed: CVector2 vScreenSpacePosition = vAt; CVector3 v3DPositionA = CVector3(0,0,0); CVector3 v3DPositionB = CVector3(0,0,0); // Screen space to World space calculation for depth zNear v3DPositionA = CMath::UnProject(vScreenSpacePosition, m_vScreenSize, m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getViewMatrix(), m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getProjectionMatrix(), -1.0 ); // Screen space to World space calculation for depth zFar v3DPositionB = CMath::UnProject(vScreenSpacePosition, m_vScreenSize, m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getViewMatrix(), m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getProjectionMatrix(), 1.0); // Send zFar position and ScreenSpace position to the handlers // Obviously both vectors won't be valid after this method quits.. CEventDispatcher::Get()->SendEvent(CIEventHandler::EVENT_SYSTEM_FINGER_DOWN, static_cast<void*>(&v3DPositionB), static_cast<void*>(&vScreenSpacePosition)); What i want to ask is, if there is any chance i could make my tEventMessage more 'template', so i can handle sending objects like in the above situation + use what is already implemented? Can't figure it out at the moment.. What else can be done here to allow me to pass some locally available data ? Please can somebody shed a bit of light on this please?

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  • Creating a join based on data from other tables...

    - by Workshop Alex
    I'm dealing with a database structure that can be defined as "illogical". It has about 100 different schema's with all different table structures per schema. Only one common factor is a "Version" table in each schema containing about 4 fields. (Thus, there are about 100 Version tables in the database.) There's also another table (view, actually) containing a list of all the schema's in the database that have a version table. I need a stored procedure that walks through all the schema's and selects all data from the Version table, adding the schema name as a fifth field to the result. Basically, this stored procedure is to return a list of all version records per schema. My idea: first walk through the schema list to create one new SQL statements that will JOIN all the schema.version tables into one SQL statement. Then I return the result of that query. How to do this? Or does anyone have a better suggestion? (No, redesigning the structure is NOT an option.)

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  • How best to organize projects folders for unit tests in .NET?

    - by Dan Bailiff
    So I'm trying to introduce unit testing to my group. I've successfully upgraded a VS'05 web site project to a VS'08 web application, and now have a solution with the web app project and a unit test project. The issue now is how to fit this back into the source repository such that we don't break the build system and the unit test projects are persisted as well. Right now we have something like this: c:\root c:\root\projectA c:\root\projectB c:\root\projectC where projectA contains the sln file and all other related files/folders for the project. Now I have this new solution that looks like this: c:\root\projectA (parent folder) c:\root\projectA\projectA (the production code project) c:\root\projectA\projectA_Test (the unit test project) c:\root\projectA\TestResults c:\root\projecta\projectA.sln How do I integrate this new structure back into the code repository? I'd really prefer to keep the production code folder where it was in the source repository for the sake of the build, but is this necessary? If I keep the production code project in its usual place then where do I keep my unit test projects and how do I connect them with a sln file? Is it better to use this new structure and adjust the build process? I'd love to hear how other people are dealing with this issue of upgrading legacy projects to unit testing.

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  • Declaration of struct variables in other class when obtained by getters

    - by liaK
    Hi, I am using Qt 4.5 so do C++. I have a class like this class CClass1 { private: struct stModelDetails { QString name; QString code; ..... // only variables and no functions over here }; QList<stModelDetails> m_ModelDetailsList; public: QList<stModelDetails> getModelDetailsList(); ... }; In this I have functions that will populate the m_ModelDetailsList; I have another class say CClassStructureUsage, where I will call the getModelDetailsList() function. Now my need is that I have to traverse the QList and obtain the name, code from each of the stModelDetails. Now the problem is even the CClass1's header file is included it is not able to identify the type of stModelDetails in CClassStructureUsage. When I get the structure list by QList<stModelDetails> ModelList = obj->getModelInformationList(); it says stModelDetails : undeclared identifier. How I can able to fetch the values from the structure? Am I doing anything wrong over here?

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  • [^.] causing headache in RewriteRule

    - by Ollie2893
    I am struggling with a very basic regex problem in my .htaccess file that I hope someone may be able to shed some light on. The basic premise is that I would like to teach Apache to switch any .html extension into a .var extension. I had thought that the rule would be positively trivial: RewriteRule ^([^.]+)\.html$ $1.var But the [^.] part simply doesn't work. Bizarrely, it works like so RewriteRule ^([^A-Z]+)\.html$ $1.var I do not understand why this latter rule works. Assume I am looking for a file called "index.html" then $1 should match to "index." and the ".html" bit should actually fail to match. To widen the scope of the question slightly, I am actually racking my brain on how to implement a multi-lingual site. I don't like Apache's MultiView option because it forces upon me a flat directory structure with file extensions that aren't recognizable to many development tools. I could go the .var type-map route but am finding that the default config for Apache doesn't support this all that well either (hence my excursions into regex land). So while I am using mod_rewrite, I am thinking that I might go the whole hog: whenever a request for a name.html file is received and this file does not exist, check whether there exists a XX/name.html file instead, where "XX" is the language code according to the user's preferences. This would give me a neater directory structure, though it does perhaps not perform as well as the .var approach in a situation where the language preference of the user's browser is not supported in by my site (in which situation .var would substitute EN or similar). Any thoughts? Thanks.

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  • How to understand the BODYSTRUCTURE information returned by IMAP servers?

    - by Tony
    I'm using python's IMAPClient to retrieve email messages from IMAP server. One of the attributes I retrieve is BODYSTRUCTURE. However, I can't find any documentation on how to interpret the return values. Here's the body structure that IMAP server returns 16:12.679978 < FLAGS (NotJunk $NotJunk \Seen) BODYSTRUCTURE ((("TEXT" "PLAIN" ("CHARSET" "us-ascii") NIL NIL "QUOTED-PRINTABLE" 4888 170 NIL NIL NIL)("TEXT" "HTML" ("CHARSET" "us-ascii") NIL NIL "QUOTED-PRINTABLE" 32407 479 NIL NIL NIL) "ALTERNATIVE" ("BOUNDARY" "Apple-Mail=_3AAA7CD7-3B07-406A-83CB-2C7762C3306E") NIL NIL)("APPLICATION" "PKCS7-SIGNATURE" ("NAME" "smime.p7s") NIL NIL "BASE64" 2414 NIL ("ATTACHMENT" ("FILENAME" "smime.p7s")) NIL) "SIGNED" ("BOUNDARY" "Apple-Mail=_DF4FE6BB-F796-46D7-A593-9723F4315DD2" "MICALG" "sha1" "PROTOCOL" "application/pkcs7-signature") NIL NIL)) Here's the same body structure parsed to python type. "BODYSTRUCTURE": [ [ [ [ "TEXT", "PLAIN", [ "CHARSET", "us-ascii" ], null, null, "QUOTED-PRINTABLE", 4888, 170, null, null, null ], [ "TEXT", "HTML", [ "CHARSET", "us-ascii" ], null, null, "QUOTED-PRINTABLE", 32407, 479, null, null, null ], "ALTERNATIVE", [ "BOUNDARY", "Apple-Mail=_3AAA7CD7-3B07-406A-83CB-2C7762C3306E" ], null, null ], [ "APPLICATION", "PKCS7-SIGNATURE", [ "NAME", "smime.p7s" ], null, null, "BASE64", 2414, null, [ "ATTACHMENT", [ "FILENAME", "smime.p7s" ] ], null ] ], "SIGNED", [ "BOUNDARY", "Apple-Mail=_DF4FE6BB-F796-46D7-A593-9723F4315DD2", "MICALG", "sha1", "PROTOCOL", "application/pkcs7-signature" ], null, null ], The arrays don't seems to be constant length. What each element of the array stand for?

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  • plot an item map (based on difficulties)

    - by Tyler Rinker
    I have a data set of item difficulties that correspond to items on a questionnaire that looks like this: item difficulty 1 ITEM_6: I DESTROY THINGS BELONGING TO OTHERS 2.31179818 2 ITEM_11: I PHYSICALLY ATTACK PEOPLE 1.95215238 3 ITEM_5: I DESTROY MY OWN THINGS 1.93479536 4 ITEM_10: I GET IN MANY FIGHTS 1.62610855 5 ITEM_19: I THREATEN TO HURT PEOPLE 1.62188759 6 ITEM_12: I SCREAM A LOT 1.45137544 7 ITEM_8: I DISOBEY AT SCHOOL 0.94255210 8 ITEM_3: I AM MEAN TO OTHERS 0.89941812 9 ITEM_20: I AM LOUDER THAN OTHER KIDS 0.72752197 10 ITEM_17: I TEASE OTHERS A LOT 0.61792597 11 ITEM_9: I AM JEALOUS OF OTHERS 0.61288399 12 ITEM_4: I TRY TO GET A LOT OF ATTENTION 0.39947791 13 ITEM_18: I HAVE A HOT TEMPER 0.32209970 14 ITEM_13: I SHOW OFF OR CLOWN 0.31707701 15 ITEM_7: I DISOBEY MY PARENTS 0.20902108 16 ITEM_2: I BRAG 0.19923607 17 ITEM_15: MY MOODS OR FEELINGS CHANGE SUDDENLY 0.06023317 18 ITEM_14: I AM STUBBORN -0.31155481 19 ITEM_16: I TALK TOO MUCH -0.67777282 20 ITEM_1: I ARGUE A LOT -1.15013758 I want to make an item map of these items that looks similar (not exactly) to this (I created this in word but it lacks true scaling as I just eyeballed the scale). It's not really a traditional statistical graphic and so I don't really know how to approach this. I don't care what graphics system this is done in but I am more familiar with ggplot2 and base. I would greatly appreciate a method of plotting this sort of unusual plot. Here's the data set (I'm including it as I was having difficulty using read.table on the dataframe above): DF <- structure(list(item = structure(c(17L, 3L, 16L, 2L, 11L, 4L, 19L, 14L, 13L, 9L, 20L, 15L, 10L, 5L, 18L, 12L, 7L, 6L, 8L, 1L ), .Label = c("ITEM_1: I ARGUE A LOT", "ITEM_10: I GET IN MANY FIGHTS", "ITEM_11: I PHYSICALLY ATTACK PEOPLE", "ITEM_12: I SCREAM A LOT", "ITEM_13: I SHOW OFF OR CLOWN", "ITEM_14: I AM STUBBORN", "ITEM_15: MY MOODS OR FEELINGS CHANGE SUDDENLY", "ITEM_16: I TALK TOO MUCH", "ITEM_17: I TEASE OTHERS A LOT", "ITEM_18: I HAVE A HOT TEMPER", "ITEM_19: I THREATEN TO HURT PEOPLE", "ITEM_2: I BRAG", "ITEM_20: I AM LOUDER THAN OTHER KIDS", "ITEM_3: I AM MEAN TO OTHERS", "ITEM_4: I TRY TO GET A LOT OF ATTENTION", "ITEM_5: I DESTROY MY OWN THINGS", "ITEM_6: I DESTROY THINGS BELONGING TO OTHERS", "ITEM_7: I DISOBEY MY PARENTS", "ITEM_8: I DISOBEY AT SCHOOL", "ITEM_9: I AM JEALOUS OF OTHERS" ), class = "factor"), difficulty = c(2.31179818110545, 1.95215237740899, 1.93479536058926, 1.62610855327073, 1.62188759115818, 1.45137543733965, 0.942552101641177, 0.899418119889782, 0.7275219669431, 0.617925967008653, 0.612883990709181, 0.399477905189577, 0.322099696946661, 0.31707700560997, 0.209021078266059, 0.199236065264793, 0.0602331732900628, -0.311554806052955, -0.677772822413495, -1.15013757942119)), .Names = c("item", "difficulty" ), row.names = c(NA, -20L), class = "data.frame") Thank you in advance.

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  • How can a B-tree node be represented?

    - by chronodekar
    We're learning B-trees in class and have been asked to implement them in code. The teacher has left choice of programming language to us and I want to try and do it in C#. My problem is that the following structure is illegal in C#, unsafe struct BtreeNode { int key_num; // The number of keys in a node int[] key; // Array of keys bool leaf; // Is it a leaf node or not? BtreeNode*[] c; // Pointers to next nodes } Specifically, one is not allowed to create a pointer to point to the structure itself. Is there some work-around or alternate approach I could use? I'm fairly certain that there MUST be a way to do this within the managed code, but I can't figure it out. EDIT: Eric's answer pointed me in the right direction. Here's what I ended up using, class BtreeNode { public List<BtreeNode> children; // The child nodes public static int MinDeg; // The Minimum Degree of the tree public bool IsLeaf { get; set; } // Is the current node a leaf or not? public List<int> key; // The list of keys ... }

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  • Boost shared_ptr use_count function

    - by photo_tom
    My application problem is the following - I have a large structure foo. Because these are large and for memory management reasons, we do not wish to delete them when processing on the data is complete. We are storing them in std::vector<boost::shared_ptr<foo>>. My question is related to knowing when all processing is complete. First decision is that we do not want any of the other application code to mark a complete flag in the structure because there are multiple execution paths in the program and we cannot predict which one is the last. So in our implementation, once processing is complete, we delete all copies of boost::shared_ptr<foo>> except for the one in the vector. This will drop the reference counter in the shared_ptr to 1. Is it practical to use shared_ptr.use_count() to see if it is equal to 1 to know when all other parts of my app are done with the data. One additional reason I'm asking the question is that the boost documentation on the shared pointer shared_ptr recommends not using "use_count" for production code.

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  • Should the program logic reside inside the gui object class or be external to the class?

    - by hd112
    I have a question about how to structure code in relation to GUI objects. Suppose I have a dialog that has a list control that has a bunch of names obtained from a database. The user can edit the names. Does the logic reside inside that dialog class or should it be from the outside. To illustrate what I mean, here’s some pseudo code showing the structure of the code when the logic is handled outside the dialog class: NamesDialog : wxDialog { Private: ..stuff.. Public: ... SetNames(wxStringArray names); wxStringArray GetNames(); ..stuff.. } So the user of the class would do something like: wxStringArray names = DatabaseManager::Get()->GetNames(); names.Sort(); NamesDialogObject.SetNames(names); NamesDialogObject.ShowModal(); wxStringArray modified_names = NamesDialogObject.GetNames(); AddToDatabase(modified_names); //or something like this. On the other hand, the database logic can reside inside the NamesDialog class itself. In the show method I can query the database for the names and as the user interacts with the controls (list control in this case), the database can be updated from the event handlers. As a result the NamesDialog class only has the Show() method as there is no need to use SetNames or GetNames() etc. Which method is generally preferred? I don’t have much work experience so I’m not sure which is the proper way to handle it. Sometimes it's easier to handle everything in the class but getting access to objects it interacts with can be challenging. Generally can do it by having the relevant objects be singletons like the database manager in the above example.

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  • How to optimize my game calendar in C#?

    - by MartyIX
    Hi, I've implemented a simple calendar (message system) for my game which consists from: 1) List<Event> calendar; 2) public class Event { /// <summary> /// When to process the event /// </summary> public Int64 when; /// <summary> /// Which object should process the event /// </summary> public GameObject who; /// <summary> /// Type of event /// </summary> public EventType what; public int posX; public int posY; public int EventID; } 3) calendar.Add(new Event(...)) The problem with this code is that even thought the number of messages is not excessise per second. It allocates still new memory and GC will once need to take care of that. The garbage collection may lead to a slight lag in my game and therefore I'd like to optimalize my code. My considerations: To change Event class in a structure - but the structure is not entirely small and it takes some time to copy it wherever I need it. Reuse Event object somehow (add queue with used events and when new event is needed I'll just take from this queue). Does anybody has other idea how to solve the problem? Thanks for suggestions!

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  • How do I create and populate a non-uniformly structured array in PHP?

    - by stormist
    I am trying to decide on a data structure for an array that has a date for the key and the amount of bandwidth consumed as values. examples Key Consumed Policy October 50 Basic November 75 Basic December 100 Basic Some months, but not all, will have more than one policy. In that case, I need break them down by policy once the total is shown. So for the above example, assume December had 3 policies. The table i construct from my array would then need to show: Key Consumed Policy October 50 Basic November 75 Basic December 100 .. December 25 Basic December 25 Extended December 50 Premium Could all this data be represented in an array ? $myArray['december'] would be a different data structure than the others because it would need a last entry, probably another array, that had the policy names as keys and the amount of data consumed as values. Does PHP allow for arrays that are not structured uniformly? i.e. key october and November have only 2 entries under their key while December has 2 entries plus a 3rd which is an additional array. My best guess is something like: Array ( [October] => "50", "Basic" [November] => "75", "Basic" [December] => "100", "..", Array( [Basic] => 25 [Extended] =>25 [Premium] => 50 ) ) My question is if this is possible and how to declare it and populate it with values with PHP. Thanks in advance for any clarifications or assistance!

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  • Avoiding repetition with libraries that use a setup + execute model

    - by lijie
    Some libraries offer the ability to separate setup and execution, esp if the setup portion has undesirable characteristics such as unbounded latency. If the program needs to have this reflected in its structure, then it is natural to have: void setupXXX(...); // which calls the setup stuff void doXXX(...); // which calls the execute stuff The problem with this is that the structure of setupXXX and doXXX is going to be quite similar (at least textually -- control flow will prob be more complex in doXXX). Wondering if there are any ways to avoid this. Example: Let's say we're doing signal processing: filtering with a known kernel in the frequency domain. so, setupXXX and doXXX would probably be something like... void doFilter(FilterStuff *c) { for (int i = 0; i < c->N; ++i) { doFFT(c->x[i], c->fft_forward_setup, c->tmp); doMultiplyVector(c->tmp, c->filter); doFFT(c->tmp, c->fft_inverse_setup, c->x[i]); } } void setupFilter(FilterStuff *c) { setupFFT(..., &(c->fft_forward_setup)); // assign the kernel to c->filter ... setupFFT(..., &(c->fft_inverse_setup)); }

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  • how do you convert data frame to a custom json format

    - by user1471980
    I need to convert a data frame to json fomrat in R. My data frame y is this: dput(y) structure(list(Name = structure(c(38L, 23L, 16L, 35L, 21L, 6L, 34L, 15L, 46L, 1L, 43L, 28L, 39L, 27L, 7L, 20L, 14L, 44L, 48L, 36L), .Label = c("server09", "server10", "server11", "server12", "server13", "server14", "server15", "server16", "server17", "server18", "server19", "server20", "server21", "server22", "server23", "server24", "server25", "server26", "server27", "server28", "server29", "server30", "server31", "server32", "server33", "server34", "server35", "server36", "server37", "server38", "server39", "server40", "server41", "server42", "server43", "server44", "server45", "server46", "server47", "server48", "server49", "server50", "server51", "server52", "server53", "server54", "server55", "server56", "server57", "server58"), class = "factor"), Date = c(1372737600, 1372737602, 1372737609, 1372737617, 1372737618, 1372737618, 1372737643, 1372737646, 1372737648, 1372737652, 1372737654, 1372737660, 1372737665, 1372737671, 1372737699, 1372737701, 1372737718, 1372737721, 1372737728, 1372737731), Cpu = c(3.9025, 36.3042, 2.6075, 3.1338, 0.9474, 0.149, 5.4401, 2.5652, 0.3612, 3.2651, 1.8703, 13.8967, 4.2438, 5.4401, 2.468, 0.9147, 1.4637, 7.2528, 6.119, 7.7009)), .Names = c("Name", "Date", "Cpu"), row.names = c(1L, 42L, 83L, 84L, 125L, 126L, 127L, 168L, 169L, 202L, 203L, 236L, 277L, 318L, 359L, 360L, 361L, 362L, 395L, 396L), class = "data.frame") I need my json file to look like this: [{ "name":'server13', "data": [ [1372737600,3.9025], [1372737602,10], [1372737609,10] ... [1372737731,20] ] }, { "name":'server14', "data": [ [1372737600,4], [1372737602,10], [1372737609,10] ... [1372737731,30] ] }] I used rjson package as the following: p <- toJSON(as.list(y)) I get this output: "{\"Name\":[\"server13\",\"servar14\",...],\"Date\":[1372737600,1372737602,..],\"Cpu\":[3.9025,36.3042,..]}" Is there an easy way to do this in R?

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  • Using Zend_Db and multiple tables

    - by Yacoby
    I have a normalized database that stores locations of files on the internet. A file may have multiple locations spread across different sites. I am storing the urls in two parts (Site.UrlStart, FileLocation.UrlEnd). The UrlEnd is the part unique to that file (for the site). Simplified Db structure: I am using Zend_Db as my ORM (If it is that), with classes for the tables inheriting from Zend_Db_Table_Abstract. The issue is that retrieving the location data (e.g. the url) requires the use of multiple tables and as far as I can make out and I would either have to use both table classes (thereby exposing my table structure) or scatter sql all over my application, neither of which sound appealing. The only solution I can see is to create a façade that acts like Zend_Db_Table_Abstract (Maybe inherits from it?) and hides the fact that the data is actually on two tables. My questions are as follows: Am I going in the right direction in creating a façade class (Are there other alternatives)? Should the facade class inherit from Zend_Db_Table_Abstract?

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  • Java ORM related question - SQL Vs Google DB (Big Table?) GAE

    - by StackerFlow
    I was wondering about the following two options when one is not using SQL tables but ORM based DBs (Example - when you are using GAE) Would the second option be less efficient? Requirement: There is an object. The object has a collection of similar items. I need to store this object. Example, say the object is a tree and it has a collection of leaves. Option 1: Traditional SQL type structure: Table for the Tree (with TreeId as the identifier for a row in the Table.) Table for the Leaves (where each leaf has a TreeId and to show the leaves of a tree, I query all leaves where the TreeId is the Id of the tree.) Here, the Tree structure DOES NOT have a field with leaves. Option 2: ORM / GAE Tables: Using the same example above, I have an object for Tree where the object has a collection (Set/List in Java/C++) of leaves. I store and retrieve the Tree together with the leaves (as the leaves are implemented as a Set in the Tree object) My question is, will the second one be less efficient that the first option? If so, why? Are there other alternatives? Thank you!

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  • Position footer to bottom of window or page, whichever is larger

    - by BenM
    I am currently working on a site that requires a footer to be placed either at the bottom of the window, or the bottom of the page content, whichever is lower. I have tried using the height: 100% method, but this causes a problem. I also have a position: fixed header, and some padding on my content (defined in pixels). Also, the height of the content may change after the page has loaded (use of accordions, etc.), so I wonder if there's a pure CSS way to position the footer to either the bottom of the window, or the bottom of the document, while still allowing pixel padding and so forth. Here's an outlined structure of the HTML: <header></header> <div class="content"> <footer></footer> </div> I have also put together a Fiddle to demonstrate how the CSS works at the moment: http://jsfiddle.net/LY6Zs/. I am unfortunately unable to change the HTML structure (i.e. breaking out the footer element from .content.

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  • How to terminate a request in JSP (not the "return;")

    - by Genom
    I am programming a website with JSP. There are pages where user must be logged in to see it. If they are not logged in, they should see a login form. I have seen in a php code that you can make a .jsp page (single file), which checkes, whether the user is logged in or not. If not it will show the login form. If the user is logged in, nothing will be done. So in order to do that I use this structure in my JSPs: Headers, menus, etc. etc... normal stuff which would be shown such as body, footer to a logged in user. This structure is very easy to apply to all webpages. So I don't have to apply checking algorithm to each webpage! I can simply add this "" and the page is secure! So my problem is that if the user is not logged in, then only the log in form should be shown and the footer. So code should bypass the body. Therefore structured my checklogin.jsp so: If user is not logged in show the login form and footer and terminate request. The problem is that I don't know how to terminate the request... If I use "return;" then only the checklogin.jsp stops but server continues to process parent page! Therefore page has 2 footers! (1 from parent page and 1 from checklogin.jsp). How can I avoid this? (There is exit(); in php for this by the way!) Thanks for any suggestions!

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  • Reading a directory

    - by paleman
    Hi, I'm trying to solve exercise from K&R, it's about reading directories.This task is system dependent because it uses system calls.In the book example authors say that their example is written for Version 7 and System V UNIX systems and that they used the directory information in the header < sys/dir.h,which looks like this: #ifndef DIRSIZ #define DIRSIZ 14 #endif struct direct { /* directory entry */ ino_t d_ino; /* inode number */ char d_name[DIRSIZ]; /* long name does not have '\0' */ }; On this system they use 'struct direct' combined with 'read' function to retrieve a directory entry, which consist of file name and inode number. ..... struct direct dirbuf; /* local directory structure */ while(read(dp->fd, (char *) &dirbuf, sizeof(dirbuf) == sizeof(dirbuf) { ..... } ..... I suppose this works fine on UNIX and Linux systems, but what I want to do is modify this so it works on Windows XP. Is there some structure in Windows like 'struct direct' so I can use it with 'read' function and if there is what is the header name where it is defined? Or maybe Windows requires completely different approach?

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  • check if foler exists in the root jquery

    - by Dimal Chandrasiri
    I'm trying to load an image to a div background using the following file structure in the root. WebContent -- | zharaimages -- | [ItemID] -- | Image.jpg This is done by jQuery and the file structure is inside the root. The ItemID folder is dynamic and I have to check whether the path exists using jQuery and if the path is not valid, I should go to a default path to fetch the default image. How can I check the path is valid using jQuery. I'm hoping to this can be done without an ajax call. Can any one help me on a tutorial or an API I can use for this! UPDATE The files are on the server. The concept I have is that I have 100s of item elements & I want to load an image for each item element. The images are saved in the server ( a local host ) and the folder hierarchy is divided using the item ID as shown. What I want to do is check whether the image file exists before appending it to the background of the item element div. Is this possible. This is a web application developed using spring.

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  • Address bar showing long URL

    - by Abel
    I recently upgraded my hosting account to Deluxe where I can host multiple websites. I added a domain name and created a folder in the root directory giving it the same name as my domain name and uploaded my files. Now when I navigate the site the address bar shows: 'http://mywebsite/mywebsite/default.aspx' I want it to display: 'http://mywebsite/default.aspx' My thinking in creating folders that match the domain names is to keep them somewhat organized; never intended to have my domain names listed twice in the address bar.

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  • ASP.NET MVC 2 Released

    - by ScottGu
    I’m happy to announce that the final release of ASP.NET MVC 2 is now available for VS 2008/Visual Web Developer 2008 Express with ASP.NET 3.5.  You can download and install it from the following locations: Download ASP.NET MVC 2 using the Microsoft Web Platform Installer Download ASP.NET MVC 2 from the Download Center The final release of VS 2010 and Visual Web Developer 2010 will have ASP.NET MVC 2 built-in – so you won’t need an additional install in order to use ASP.NET MVC 2 with them.  ASP.NET MVC 2 We shipped ASP.NET MVC 1 a little less than a year ago.  Since then, almost 1 million developers have downloaded and used the final release, and its popularity has steadily grown month over month. ASP.NET MVC 2 is the next significant update of ASP.NET MVC. It is a compatible update to ASP.NET MVC 1 – so all the knowledge, skills, code, and extensions you already have with ASP.NET MVC continue to work and apply going forward. Like the first release, we are also shipping the source code for ASP.NET MVC 2 under an OSI-compliant open-source license. ASP.NET MVC 2 can be installed side-by-side with ASP.NET MVC 1 (meaning you can have some apps built with V1 and others built with V2 on the same machine).  We have instructions on how to update your existing ASP.NET MVC 1 apps to use ASP.NET MVC 2 using VS 2008 here.  Note that VS 2010 has an automated upgrade wizard that can automatically migrate your existing ASP.NET MVC 1 applications to ASP.NET MVC 2 for you. ASP.NET MVC 2 Features ASP.NET MVC 2 adds a bunch of new capabilities and features.  I’ve started a blog series about some of the new features, and will be covering them in more depth in the weeks ahead.  Some of the new features and capabilities include: New Strongly Typed HTML Helpers Enhanced Model Validation support across both server and client Auto-Scaffold UI Helpers with Template Customization Support for splitting up large applications into “Areas” Asynchronous Controllers support that enables long running tasks in parallel Support for rendering sub-sections of a page/site using Html.RenderAction Lots of new helper functions, utilities, and API enhancements Improved Visual Studio tooling support You can learn more about these features in the “What’s New in ASP.NET MVC 2” document on the www.asp.net/mvc web-site.  We are going to be posting a lot of new tutorials and videos shortly on www.asp.net/mvc that cover all the features in ASP.NET MVC 2 release.  We will also post an updated end-to-end tutorial built entirely with ASP.NET MVC 2 (much like the NerdDinner tutorial that I wrote that covers ASP.NET MVC 1).  Summary The ASP.NET MVC team delivered regular V2 preview releases over the last year to get feedback on the feature set.  I’d like to say a big thank you to everyone who tried out the previews and sent us suggestions/feedback/bug reports.  We hope you like the final release! Scott

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  • Using FiddlerCore to capture HTTP Requests with .NET

    - by Rick Strahl
    Over the last few weeks I’ve been working on my Web load testing utility West Wind WebSurge. One of the key components of a load testing tool is the ability to capture URLs effectively so that you can play them back later under load. One of the options in WebSurge for capturing URLs is to use its built-in capture tool which acts as an HTTP proxy to capture any HTTP and HTTPS traffic from most Windows HTTP clients, including Web Browsers as well as standalone Windows applications and services. To make this happen, I used Eric Lawrence’s awesome FiddlerCore library, which provides most of the functionality of his desktop Fiddler application, all rolled into an easy to use library that you can plug into your own applications. FiddlerCore makes it almost too easy to capture HTTP content! For WebSurge I needed to capture all HTTP traffic in order to capture the full HTTP request – URL, headers and any content posted by the client. The result of what I ended up creating is this semi-generic capture form: In this post I’m going to demonstrate how easy it is to use FiddlerCore to build this HTTP Capture Form.  If you want to jump right in here are the links to get Telerik’s Fiddler Core and the code for the demo provided here. FiddlerCore Download FiddlerCore on NuGet Show me the Code (WebSurge Integration code from GitHub) Download the WinForms Sample Form West Wind Web Surge (example implementation in live app) Note that FiddlerCore is bound by a license for commercial usage – see license.txt in the FiddlerCore distribution for details. Integrating FiddlerCore FiddlerCore is a library that simply plugs into your application. You can download it from the Telerik site and manually add the assemblies to your project, or you can simply install the NuGet package via:       PM> Install-Package FiddlerCore The library consists of the FiddlerCore.dll as well as a couple of support libraries (CertMaker.dll and BCMakeCert.dll) that are used for installing SSL certificates. I’ll have more on SSL captures and certificate installation later in this post. But first let’s see how easy it is to use FiddlerCore to capture HTTP content by looking at how to build the above capture form. Capturing HTTP Content Once the library is installed it’s super easy to hook up Fiddler functionality. Fiddler includes a number of static class methods on the FiddlerApplication object that can be called to hook up callback events as well as actual start monitoring HTTP URLs. In the following code directly lifted from WebSurge, I configure a few filter options on Form level object, from the user inputs shown on the form by assigning it to a capture options object. In the live application these settings are persisted configuration values, but in the demo they are one time values initialized and set on the form. Once these options are set, I hook up the AfterSessionComplete event to capture every URL that passes through the proxy after the request is completed and start up the Proxy service:void Start() { if (tbIgnoreResources.Checked) CaptureConfiguration.IgnoreResources = true; else CaptureConfiguration.IgnoreResources = false; string strProcId = txtProcessId.Text; if (strProcId.Contains('-')) strProcId = strProcId.Substring(strProcId.IndexOf('-') + 1).Trim(); strProcId = strProcId.Trim(); int procId = 0; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(strProcId)) { if (!int.TryParse(strProcId, out procId)) procId = 0; } CaptureConfiguration.ProcessId = procId; CaptureConfiguration.CaptureDomain = txtCaptureDomain.Text; FiddlerApplication.AfterSessionComplete += FiddlerApplication_AfterSessionComplete; FiddlerApplication.Startup(8888, true, true, true); } The key lines for FiddlerCore are just the last two lines of code that include the event hookup code as well as the Startup() method call. Here I only hook up to the AfterSessionComplete event but there are a number of other events that hook various stages of the HTTP request cycle you can also hook into. Other events include BeforeRequest, BeforeResponse, RequestHeadersAvailable, ResponseHeadersAvailable and so on. In my case I want to capture the request data and I actually have several options to capture this data. AfterSessionComplete is the last event that fires in the request sequence and it’s the most common choice to capture all request and response data. I could have used several other events, but AfterSessionComplete is one place where you can look both at the request and response data, so this will be the most common place to hook into if you’re capturing content. The implementation of AfterSessionComplete is responsible for capturing all HTTP request headers and it looks something like this:private void FiddlerApplication_AfterSessionComplete(Session sess) { // Ignore HTTPS connect requests if (sess.RequestMethod == "CONNECT") return; if (CaptureConfiguration.ProcessId > 0) { if (sess.LocalProcessID != 0 && sess.LocalProcessID != CaptureConfiguration.ProcessId) return; } if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(CaptureConfiguration.CaptureDomain)) { if (sess.hostname.ToLower() != CaptureConfiguration.CaptureDomain.Trim().ToLower()) return; } if (CaptureConfiguration.IgnoreResources) { string url = sess.fullUrl.ToLower(); var extensions = CaptureConfiguration.ExtensionFilterExclusions; foreach (var ext in extensions) { if (url.Contains(ext)) return; } var filters = CaptureConfiguration.UrlFilterExclusions; foreach (var urlFilter in filters) { if (url.Contains(urlFilter)) return; } } if (sess == null || sess.oRequest == null || sess.oRequest.headers == null) return; string headers = sess.oRequest.headers.ToString(); var reqBody = sess.GetRequestBodyAsString(); // if you wanted to capture the response //string respHeaders = session.oResponse.headers.ToString(); //var respBody = session.GetResponseBodyAsString(); // replace the HTTP line to inject full URL string firstLine = sess.RequestMethod + " " + sess.fullUrl + " " + sess.oRequest.headers.HTTPVersion; int at = headers.IndexOf("\r\n"); if (at < 0) return; headers = firstLine + "\r\n" + headers.Substring(at + 1); string output = headers + "\r\n" + (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(reqBody) ? reqBody + "\r\n" : string.Empty) + Separator + "\r\n\r\n"; BeginInvoke(new Action<string>((text) => { txtCapture.AppendText(text); UpdateButtonStatus(); }), output); } The code starts by filtering out some requests based on the CaptureOptions I set before the capture is started. These options/filters are applied when requests actually come in. This is very useful to help narrow down the requests that are captured for playback based on options the user picked. I find it useful to limit requests to a certain domain for captures, as well as filtering out some request types like static resources – images, css, scripts etc. This is of course optional, but I think it’s a common scenario and WebSurge makes good use of this feature. AfterSessionComplete like other FiddlerCore events, provides a Session object parameter which contains all the request and response details. There are oRequest and oResponse objects to hold their respective data. In my case I’m interested in the raw request headers and body only, as you can see in the commented code you can also retrieve the response headers and body. Here the code captures the request headers and body and simply appends the output to the textbox on the screen. Note that the Fiddler events are asynchronous, so in order to display the content in the UI they have to be marshaled back the UI thread with BeginInvoke, which here simply takes the generated headers and appends it to the existing textbox test on the form. As each request is processed, the headers are captured and appended to the bottom of the textbox resulting in a Session HTTP capture in the format that Web Surge internally supports, which is basically raw request headers with a customized 1st HTTP Header line that includes the full URL rather than a server relative URL. When the capture is done the user can either copy the raw HTTP session to the clipboard, or directly save it to file. This raw capture format is the same format WebSurge and also Fiddler use to import/export request data. While this code is application specific, it demonstrates the kind of logic that you can easily apply to the request capture process, which is one of the reasonsof why FiddlerCore is so powerful. You get to choose what content you want to look up as part of your own application logic and you can then decide how to capture or use that data as part of your application. The actual captured data in this case is only a string. The user can edit the data by hand or in the the case of WebSurge, save it to disk and automatically open the captured session as a new load test. Stopping the FiddlerCore Proxy Finally to stop capturing requests you simply disconnect the event handler and call the FiddlerApplication.ShutDown() method:void Stop() { FiddlerApplication.AfterSessionComplete -= FiddlerApplication_AfterSessionComplete; if (FiddlerApplication.IsStarted()) FiddlerApplication.Shutdown(); } As you can see, adding HTTP capture functionality to an application is very straight forward. FiddlerCore offers tons of features I’m not even touching on here – I suspect basic captures are the most common scenario, but a lot of different things can be done with FiddlerCore’s simple API interface. Sky’s the limit! The source code for this sample capture form (WinForms) is provided as part of this article. Adding Fiddler Certificates with FiddlerCore One of the sticking points in West Wind WebSurge has been that if you wanted to capture HTTPS/SSL traffic, you needed to have the full version of Fiddler and have HTTPS decryption enabled. Essentially you had to use Fiddler to configure HTTPS decryption and the associated installation of the Fiddler local client certificate that is used for local decryption of incoming SSL traffic. While this works just fine, requiring to have Fiddler installed and then using a separate application to configure the SSL functionality isn’t ideal. Fortunately FiddlerCore actually includes the tools to register the Fiddler Certificate directly using FiddlerCore. Why does Fiddler need a Certificate in the first Place? Fiddler and FiddlerCore are essentially HTTP proxies which means they inject themselves into the HTTP conversation by re-routing HTTP traffic to a special HTTP port (8888 by default for Fiddler) and then forward the HTTP data to the original client. Fiddler injects itself as the system proxy in using the WinInet Windows settings  which are the same settings that Internet Explorer uses and that are configured in the Windows and Internet Explorer Internet Settings dialog. Most HTTP clients running on Windows pick up and apply these system level Proxy settings before establishing new HTTP connections and that’s why most clients automatically work once Fiddler – or FiddlerCore/WebSurge are running. For plain HTTP requests this just works – Fiddler intercepts the HTTP requests on the proxy port and then forwards them to the original port (80 for HTTP and 443 for SSL typically but it could be any port). For SSL however, this is not quite as simple – Fiddler can easily act as an HTTPS/SSL client to capture inbound requests from the server, but when it forwards the request to the client it has to also act as an SSL server and provide a certificate that the client trusts. This won’t be the original certificate from the remote site, but rather a custom local certificate that effectively simulates an SSL connection between the proxy and the client. If there is no custom certificate configured for Fiddler the SSL request fails with a certificate validation error. The key for this to work is that a custom certificate has to be installed that the HTTPS client trusts on the local machine. For a much more detailed description of the process you can check out Eric Lawrence’s blog post on Certificates. If you’re using the desktop version of Fiddler you can install a local certificate into the Windows certificate store. Fiddler proper does this from the Options menu: This operation does several things: It installs the Fiddler Root Certificate It sets trust to this Root Certificate A new client certificate is generated for each HTTPS site monitored Certificate Installation with FiddlerCore You can also provide this same functionality using FiddlerCore which includes a CertMaker class. Using CertMaker is straight forward to use and it provides an easy way to create some simple helpers that can install and uninstall a Fiddler Root certificate:public static bool InstallCertificate() { if (!CertMaker.rootCertExists()) { if (!CertMaker.createRootCert()) return false; if (!CertMaker.trustRootCert()) return false; } return true; } public static bool UninstallCertificate() { if (CertMaker.rootCertExists()) { if (!CertMaker.removeFiddlerGeneratedCerts(true)) return false; } return true; } InstallCertificate() works by first checking whether the root certificate is already installed and if it isn’t goes ahead and creates a new one. The process of creating the certificate is a two step process – first the actual certificate is created and then it’s moved into the certificate store to become trusted. I’m not sure why you’d ever split these operations up since a cert created without trust isn’t going to be of much value, but there are two distinct steps. When you trigger the trustRootCert() method, a message box will pop up on the desktop that lets you know that you’re about to trust a local private certificate. This is a security feature to ensure that you really want to trust the Fiddler root since you are essentially installing a man in the middle certificate. It’s quite safe to use this generated root certificate, because it’s been specifically generated for your machine and thus is not usable from external sources, the only way to use this certificate in a trusted way is from the local machine. IOW, unless somebody has physical access to your machine, there’s no useful way to hijack this certificate and use it for nefarious purposes (see Eric’s post for more details). Once the Root certificate has been installed, FiddlerCore/Fiddler create new certificates for each site that is connected to with HTTPS. You can end up with quite a few temporary certificates in your certificate store. To uninstall you can either use Fiddler and simply uncheck the Decrypt HTTPS traffic option followed by the remove Fiddler certificates button, or you can use FiddlerCore’s CertMaker.removeFiddlerGeneratedCerts() which removes the root cert and any of the intermediary certificates Fiddler created. Keep in mind that when you uninstall you uninstall the certificate for both FiddlerCore and Fiddler, so use UninstallCertificate() with care and realize that you might affect the Fiddler application’s operation by doing so as well. When to check for an installed Certificate Note that the check to see if the root certificate exists is pretty fast, while the actual process of installing the certificate is a relatively slow operation that even on a fast machine takes a few seconds. Further the trust operation pops up a message box so you probably don’t want to install the certificate repeatedly. Since the check for the root certificate is fast, you can easily put a call to InstallCertificate() in any capture startup code – in which case the certificate installation only triggers when a certificate is in fact not installed. Personally I like to make certificate installation explicit – just like Fiddler does, so in WebSurge I use a small drop down option on the menu to install or uninstall the SSL certificate:   This code calls the InstallCertificate and UnInstallCertificate functions respectively – the experience with this is similar to what you get in Fiddler with the extra dialog box popping up to prompt confirmation for installation of the root certificate. Once the cert is installed you can then capture SSL requests. There’s a gotcha however… Gotcha: FiddlerCore Certificates don’t stick by Default When I originally tried to use the Fiddler certificate installation I ran into an odd problem. I was able to install the certificate and immediately after installation was able to capture HTTPS requests. Then I would exit the application and come back in and try the same HTTPS capture again and it would fail due to a missing certificate. CertMaker.rootCertExists() would return false after every restart and if re-installed the certificate a new certificate would get added to the certificate store resulting in a bunch of duplicated root certificates with different keys. What the heck? CertMaker and BcMakeCert create non-sticky CertificatesI turns out that FiddlerCore by default uses different components from what the full version of Fiddler uses. Fiddler uses a Windows utility called MakeCert.exe to create the Fiddler Root certificate. FiddlerCore however installs the CertMaker.dll and BCMakeCert.dll assemblies, which use a different crypto library (Bouncy Castle) for certificate creation than MakeCert.exe which uses the Windows Crypto API. The assemblies provide support for non-windows operation for Fiddler under Mono, as well as support for some non-Windows certificate platforms like iOS and Android for decryption. The bottom line is that the FiddlerCore provided bouncy castle assemblies are not sticky by default as the certificates created with them are not cached as they are in Fiddler proper. To get certificates to ‘stick’ you have to explicitly cache the certificates in Fiddler’s internal preferences. A cache aware version of InstallCertificate looks something like this:public static bool InstallCertificate() { if (!CertMaker.rootCertExists()) { if (!CertMaker.createRootCert()) return false; if (!CertMaker.trustRootCert()) return false; App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Cert = FiddlerApplication.Prefs.GetStringPref("fiddler.certmaker.bc.cert", null); App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Key = FiddlerApplication.Prefs.GetStringPref("fiddler.certmaker.bc.key", null); } return true; } public static bool UninstallCertificate() { if (CertMaker.rootCertExists()) { if (!CertMaker.removeFiddlerGeneratedCerts(true)) return false; } App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Cert = null; App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Key = null; return true; } In this code I store the Fiddler cert and private key in an application configuration settings that’s stored with the application settings (App.Configuration.UrlCapture object). These settings automatically persist when WebSurge is shut down. The values are read out of Fiddler’s internal preferences store which is set after a new certificate has been created. Likewise I clear out the configuration settings when the certificate is uninstalled. In order for these setting to be used you have to also load the configuration settings into the Fiddler preferences *before* a call to rootCertExists() is made. I do this in the capture form’s constructor:public FiddlerCapture(StressTestForm form) { InitializeComponent(); CaptureConfiguration = App.Configuration.UrlCapture; MainForm = form; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Cert)) { FiddlerApplication.Prefs.SetStringPref("fiddler.certmaker.bc.key", App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Key); FiddlerApplication.Prefs.SetStringPref("fiddler.certmaker.bc.cert", App.Configuration.UrlCapture.Cert); }} This is kind of a drag to do and not documented anywhere that I could find, so hopefully this will save you some grief if you want to work with the stock certificate logic that installs with FiddlerCore. MakeCert provides sticky Certificates and the same functionality as Fiddler But there’s actually an easier way. If you want to skip the above Fiddler preference configuration code in your application you can choose to distribute MakeCert.exe instead of certmaker.dll and bcmakecert.dll. When you use MakeCert.exe, the certificates settings are stored in Windows so they are available without any custom configuration inside of your application. It’s easier to integrate and as long as you run on Windows and you don’t need to support iOS or Android devices is simply easier to deal with. To integrate into your project, you can remove the reference to CertMaker.dll (and the BcMakeCert.dll assembly) from your project. Instead copy MakeCert.exe into your output folder. To make sure MakeCert.exe gets pushed out, include MakeCert.exe in your project and set the Build Action to None, and Copy to Output Directory to Copy if newer. Note that the CertMaker.dll reference in the project has been removed and on disk the files for Certmaker.dll, as well as the BCMakeCert.dll files on disk. Keep in mind that these DLLs are resources of the FiddlerCore NuGet package, so updating the package may end up pushing those files back into your project. Once MakeCert.exe is distributed FiddlerCore checks for it first before using the assemblies so as long as MakeCert.exe exists it’ll be used for certificate creation (at least on Windows). Summary FiddlerCore is a pretty sweet tool, and it’s absolutely awesome that we get to plug in most of the functionality of Fiddler right into our own applications. A few years back I tried to build this sort of functionality myself for an app and ended up giving up because it’s a big job to get HTTP right – especially if you need to support SSL. FiddlerCore now provides that functionality as a turnkey solution that can be plugged into your own apps easily. The only downside is FiddlerCore’s documentation for more advanced features like certificate installation which is pretty sketchy. While for the most part FiddlerCore’s feature set is easy to work with without any documentation, advanced features are often not intuitive to gleam by just using Intellisense or the FiddlerCore help file reference (which is not terribly useful). While Eric Lawrence is very responsive on his forum and on Twitter, there simply isn’t much useful documentation on Fiddler/FiddlerCore available online. If you run into trouble the forum is probably the first place to look and then ask a question if you can’t find the answer. The best documentation you can find is Eric’s Fiddler Book which covers a ton of functionality of Fiddler and FiddlerCore. The book is a great reference to Fiddler’s feature set as well as providing great insights into the HTTP protocol. The second half of the book that gets into the innards of HTTP is an excellent read for anybody who wants to know more about some of the more arcane aspects and special behaviors of HTTP – it’s well worth the read. While the book has tons of information in a very readable format, it’s unfortunately not a great reference as it’s hard to find things in the book and because it’s not available online you can’t electronically search for the great content in it. But it’s hard to complain about any of this given the obvious effort and love that’s gone into this awesome product for all of these years. A mighty big thanks to Eric Lawrence  for having created this useful tool that so many of us use all the time, and also to Telerik for picking up Fiddler/FiddlerCore and providing Eric the resources to support and improve this wonderful tool full time and keeping it free for all. Kudos! Resources FiddlerCore Download FiddlerCore NuGet Fiddler Capture Sample Form Fiddler Capture Form in West Wind WebSurge (GitHub) Eric Lawrence’s Fiddler Book© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2014Posted in .NET  HTTP   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Using TypeScript in ASP.NET MVC Projects

    - by shiju
    In the previous blog post Microsoft TypeScript : A Typed Superset of JavaScript, I have given a brief introduction on TypeScript. In this post, I will demonstrate how to use TypeScript with ASP.NET MVC projects and how we can compile TypeScript within the ASP.NET MVC projects. Using TypeScript with ASP.NET MVC 3 Projects The Visual Studio plug-in for TypeScript provides an ASP.NET MVC 3 project template for TypeScript that lets you to compile TypeScript from the Visual Studio. The following screen shot shows the TypeScript template for ASP.NET MVC 3 project The “TypeScript Internet Application” template is just a ASP.NET MVC 3 internet application project template which will allows to compile TypeScript programs to JavaScript when you are building your ASP.NET MVC projects. This project template will have the following section in the .csproject file <None Include="Scripts\jquery.d.ts" /> <TypeScriptCompile Include="Scripts\site.ts" /> <Content Include="Scripts\site.js"> <DependentUpon>site.ts</DependentUpon> </Content> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } <Target Name="BeforeBuild"> <Exec Command="&amp;quot;$(PROGRAMFILES)\ Microsoft SDKs\TypeScript\0.8.0.0\tsc&amp;quot; @(TypeScriptCompile ->'&quot;%(fullpath)&quot;', ' ')" /> </Target> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The “BeforeBuild” target will allows you to compile TypeScript programs when you are building your ASP.NET MVC projects. The TypeScript project template will provide a typing reference file for the jQuery library named “jquery.d.ts”. The following default app.ts file referenced to jquery.d.ts 1: ///<reference path='jquery.d.ts' /> 2:   3: $(document).ready(function () { 4:   5: $(".btn-slide").click(function () { 6: $("#main").slideToggle("slow"); 7: $(this).toggleClass("active"); 8: }); 9:   10: }); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Using TypeScript with ASP.NET MVC 4 Projects The current preview version of TypeScript is not providing a project template for ASP.NET MVC 4 projects. But you can use TypeScript with ASP.NET MVC 4 projects by editing the project’s .csproject file. You can take the necessary settings from ASP.NET MVC 3 project file. I have just added the following section in the end of the .csproj file of a ASP.NET MVC 4 project, which will allows to compile all TypeScript when building ASP.NET MVC 4 project. <ItemGroup> <TypeScriptCompile Include="$(ProjectDir)\**\*.ts" /> </ItemGroup> <Target Name="BeforeBuild"> <Exec Command="&amp;quot;$(PROGRAMFILES)\ Microsoft SDKs\TypeScript\0.8.0.0\tsc&amp;quot; @(TypeScriptCompile ->'&quot;%(fullpath)&quot;', ' ')" /> </Target> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

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  • Using an alternate JSON Serializer in ASP.NET Web API

    - by Rick Strahl
    The new ASP.NET Web API that Microsoft released alongside MVC 4.0 Beta last week is a great framework for building REST and AJAX APIs. I've been working with it for quite a while now and I really like the way it works and the complete set of features it provides 'in the box'. It's about time that Microsoft gets a decent API for building generic HTTP endpoints into the framework. DataContractJsonSerializer sucks As nice as Web API's overall design is one thing still sucks: The built-in JSON Serialization uses the DataContractJsonSerializer which is just too limiting for many scenarios. The biggest issues I have with it are: No support for untyped values (object, dynamic, Anonymous Types) MS AJAX style Date Formatting Ugly serialization formats for types like Dictionaries To me the most serious issue is dealing with serialization of untyped objects. I have number of applications with AJAX front ends that dynamically reformat data from business objects to fit a specific message format that certain UI components require. The most common scenario I have there are IEnumerable query results from a database with fields from the result set rearranged to fit the sometimes unconventional formats required for the UI components (like jqGrid for example). Creating custom types to fit these messages seems like overkill and projections using Linq makes this much easier to code up. Alas DataContractJsonSerializer doesn't support it. Neither does DataContractSerializer for XML output for that matter. What this means is that you can't do stuff like this in Web API out of the box:public object GetAnonymousType() { return new { name = "Rick", company = "West Wind", entered= DateTime.Now }; } Basically anything that doesn't have an explicit type DataContractJsonSerializer will not let you return. FWIW, the same is true for XmlSerializer which also doesn't work with non-typed values for serialization. The example above is obviously contrived with a hardcoded object graph, but it's not uncommon to get dynamic values returned from queries that have anonymous types for their result projections. Apparently there's a good possibility that Microsoft will ship Json.NET as part of Web API RTM release.  Scott Hanselman confirmed this as a footnote in his JSON Dates post a few days ago. I've heard several other people from Microsoft confirm that Json.NET will be included and be the default JSON serializer, but no details yet in what capacity it will show up. Let's hope it ends up as the default in the box. Meanwhile this post will show you how you can use it today with the beta and get JSON that matches what you should see in the RTM version. What about JsonValue? To be fair Web API DOES include a new JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray type that allow you to address some of these scenarios. JsonValue is a new type in the System.Json assembly that can be used to build up an object graph based on a dictionary. It's actually a really cool implementation of a dynamic type that allows you to create an object graph and spit it out to JSON without having to create .NET type first. JsonValue can also receive a JSON string and parse it without having to actually load it into a .NET type (which is something that's been missing in the core framework). This is really useful if you get a JSON result from an arbitrary service and you don't want to explicitly create a mapping type for the data returned. For serialization you can create an object structure on the fly and pass it back as part of an Web API action method like this:public JsonValue GetJsonValue() { dynamic json = new JsonObject(); json.name = "Rick"; json.company = "West Wind"; json.entered = DateTime.Now; dynamic address = new JsonObject(); address.street = "32 Kaiea"; address.zip = "96779"; json.address = address; dynamic phones = new JsonArray(); json.phoneNumbers = phones; dynamic phone = new JsonObject(); phone.type = "Home"; phone.number = "808 123-1233"; phones.Add(phone); phone = new JsonObject(); phone.type = "Home"; phone.number = "808 123-1233"; phones.Add(phone); //var jsonString = json.ToString(); return json; } which produces the following output (formatted here for easier reading):{ name: "rick", company: "West Wind", entered: "2012-03-08T15:33:19.673-10:00", address: { street: "32 Kaiea", zip: "96779" }, phoneNumbers: [ { type: "Home", number: "808 123-1233" }, { type: "Mobile", number: "808 123-1234" }] } If you need to build a simple JSON type on the fly these types work great. But if you have an existing type - or worse a query result/list that's already formatted JsonValue et al. become a pain to work with. As far as I can see there's no way to just throw an object instance at JsonValue and have it convert into JsonValue dictionary. It's a manual process. Using alternate Serializers in Web API So, currently the default serializer in WebAPI is DataContractJsonSeriaizer and I don't like it. You may not either, but luckily you can swap the serializer fairly easily. If you'd rather use the JavaScriptSerializer built into System.Web.Extensions or Json.NET today, it's not too difficult to create a custom MediaTypeFormatter that uses these serializers and can replace or partially replace the native serializer. Here's a MediaTypeFormatter implementation using the ASP.NET JavaScriptSerializer:using System; using System.Net.Http.Formatting; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Web.Script.Serialization; using System.Json; using System.IO; namespace Westwind.Web.WebApi { public class JavaScriptSerializerFormatter : MediaTypeFormatter { public JavaScriptSerializerFormatter() { SupportedMediaTypes.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json")); } protected override bool CanWriteType(Type type) { // don't serialize JsonValue structure use default for that if (type == typeof(JsonValue) || type == typeof(JsonObject) || type== typeof(JsonArray) ) return false; return true; } protected override bool CanReadType(Type type) { if (type == typeof(IKeyValueModel)) return false; return true; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Taskobject OnReadFromStreamAsync(Type type, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext) { var task = Taskobject.Factory.StartNew(() = { var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); string json; using (var sr = new StreamReader(stream)) { json = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); } object val = ser.Deserialize(json,type); return val; }); return task; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnWriteToStreamAsync(Type type, object value, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext, System.Net.TransportContext transportContext) { var task = Task.Factory.StartNew( () = { var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var json = ser.Serialize(value); byte[] buf = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(json); stream.Write(buf,0,buf.Length); stream.Flush(); }); return task; } } } Formatter implementation is pretty simple: You override 4 methods to tell which types you can handle and then handle the input or output streams to create/parse the JSON data. Note that when creating output you want to take care to still allow JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray types to be handled by the default serializer so those objects serialize properly - if you let either JavaScriptSerializer or JSON.NET handle them they'd try to render the dictionaries which is very undesirable. If you'd rather use Json.NET here's the JSON.NET version of the formatter:// this code requires a reference to JSON.NET in your project #if true using System; using System.Net.Http.Formatting; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Web.Script.Serialization; using System.Json; using Newtonsoft.Json; using System.IO; using Newtonsoft.Json.Converters; namespace Westwind.Web.WebApi { public class JsonNetFormatter : MediaTypeFormatter { public JsonNetFormatter() { SupportedMediaTypes.Add(new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json")); } protected override bool CanWriteType(Type type) { // don't serialize JsonValue structure use default for that if (type == typeof(JsonValue) || type == typeof(JsonObject) || type == typeof(JsonArray)) return false; return true; } protected override bool CanReadType(Type type) { if (type == typeof(IKeyValueModel)) return false; return true; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Taskobject OnReadFromStreamAsync(Type type, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext) { var task = Taskobject.Factory.StartNew(() = { var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings() { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore, }; var sr = new StreamReader(stream); var jreader = new JsonTextReader(sr); var ser = new JsonSerializer(); ser.Converters.Add(new IsoDateTimeConverter()); object val = ser.Deserialize(jreader, type); return val; }); return task; } protected override System.Threading.Tasks.Task OnWriteToStreamAsync(Type type, object value, System.IO.Stream stream, System.Net.Http.Headers.HttpContentHeaders contentHeaders, FormatterContext formatterContext, System.Net.TransportContext transportContext) { var task = Task.Factory.StartNew( () = { var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings() { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore, }; string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, Formatting.Indented, new JsonConverter[1] { new IsoDateTimeConverter() } ); byte[] buf = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(json); stream.Write(buf,0,buf.Length); stream.Flush(); }); return task; } } } #endif   One advantage of the Json.NET serializer is that you can specify a few options on how things are formatted and handled. You get null value handling and you can plug in the IsoDateTimeConverter which is nice to product proper ISO dates that I would expect any Json serializer to output these days. Hooking up the Formatters Once you've created the custom formatters you need to enable them for your Web API application. To do this use the GlobalConfiguration.Configuration object and add the formatter to the Formatters collection. Here's what this looks like hooked up from Application_Start in a Web project:protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Action based routing (used for RPC calls) RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "StockApi", routeTemplate: "stocks/{action}/{symbol}", defaults: new { symbol = RouteParameter.Optional, controller = "StockApi" } ); // WebApi Configuration to hook up formatters and message handlers // optional RegisterApis(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); } public static void RegisterApis(HttpConfiguration config) { // Add JavaScriptSerializer formatter instead - add at top to make default //config.Formatters.Insert(0, new JavaScriptSerializerFormatter()); // Add Json.net formatter - add at the top so it fires first! // This leaves the old one in place so JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray still are handled config.Formatters.Insert(0, new JsonNetFormatter()); } One thing to remember here is the GlobalConfiguration object which is Web API's static configuration instance. I think this thing is seriously misnamed given that GlobalConfiguration could stand for anything and so is hard to discover if you don't know what you're looking for. How about WebApiConfiguration or something more descriptive? Anyway, once you know what it is you can use the Formatters collection to insert your custom formatter. Note that I insert my formatter at the top of the list so it takes precedence over the default formatter. I also am not removing the old formatter because I still want JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray to be handled by the default serialization mechanism. Since they process in sequence and I exclude processing for these types JsonValue et al. still get properly serialized/deserialized. Summary Currently DataContractJsonSerializer in Web API is a pain, but at least we have the ability with relatively limited effort to replace the MediaTypeFormatter and plug in our own JSON serializer. This is useful for many scenarios - if you have existing client applications that used MVC JsonResult or ASP.NET AJAX results from ASMX AJAX services you can plug in the JavaScript serializer and get exactly the same serializer you used in the past so your results will be the same and don't potentially break clients. JSON serializers do vary a bit in how they serialize some of the more complex types (like Dictionaries and dates for example) and so if you're migrating it might be helpful to ensure your client code doesn't break when you switch to ASP.NET Web API. Going forward it looks like Microsoft is planning on plugging in Json.Net into Web API and make that the default. I think that's an awesome choice since Json.net has been around forever, is fast and easy to use and provides a ton of functionality as part of this great library. I just wish Microsoft would have figured this out sooner instead of now at the last minute integrating with it especially given that Json.Net has a similar set of lower level JSON objects JsonValue/JsonObject etc. which now will end up being duplicated by the native System.Json stuff. It's not like we don't already have enough confusion regarding which JSON serializer to use (JavaScriptSerializer, DataContractJsonSerializer, JsonValue/JsonObject/JsonArray and now Json.net). For years I've been using my own JSON serializer because the built in choices are both limited. However, with an official encorsement of Json.Net I'm happily moving on to use that in my applications. Let's see and hope Microsoft gets this right before ASP.NET Web API goes gold.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api  AJAX  ASP.NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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