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• How do I rate limit google's crawl of my class C IP block?

  - by Zak

  I have several sites in a class C network that all get crawled by google on a pretty regular basis. Normally this is fine. However, when google starts crawling all the sites at the same time, the small set of servers that back this IP block can take a pretty big hit on load. With google webmaster tools, you can rate limit the googlebot on a given domain, but I haven't found a way to limit the bot across an IP network yet. Anyone have experience with this? How did you fix it?

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• How can I remove old kernels/install new ones when /boot is full?

  - by Marcel

  I know this question is asked many times before, however with me it is just a bit different I guess. # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 224G 5.2G 208G 3% / udev 1.9G 4.0K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs 777M 260K 777M 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /run/shm /dev/sda2 90M 88M 0 100% /boot /dev/sda6 1.9G 514M 1.3G 29% /tmp My boot partition is full. Current Kernel: # uname -r 3.2.0-35-generic All Kernels: # dpkg --list | grep linux-image ii linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic 3.2.0-32.51 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.2.0-34-generic 3.2.0-34.53 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.2.0-35-generic 3.2.0-35.55 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic 3.2.0-37.58 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iF linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic 3.2.0-38.60 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP iU linux-image-generic 3.2.0.37.45 Generic Linux kernel image So I thought of removing the 3.2.0.32-generic kernel with: # sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45) but 3.2.0.38.46 is to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). No success. When I try apt-get -f install it also fails: # apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: linux-headers-3.2.0-34 linux-headers-3.2.0-35 linux-headers-3.2.0-34-generic linux-headers-3.2.0-35-generic Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: linux-generic linux-image-generic The following packages will be upgraded: linux-generic linux-image-generic 2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded. 5 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/4,334 B of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ... update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (3.2.0-37.58) ... Running depmod. update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later) The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-37-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-37-generic update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic with 1. run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic.postinst line 1010. dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (3.2.0-38.60) ... Running depmod. update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later) The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d. run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-38-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-38-generic update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1. run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic.postinst line 1010. dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic: linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic; however: Package linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic: linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however: Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet. linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however: Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46. dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic gzip: stdout: No space left on device E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1 update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic with 1. dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic linux-image-generic linux-generic initramfs-tools E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Any help would really be appreciated. Update: I did: sudo rm /boot/*-3.2.0-32-generic /boot/*-3.2.0-34-generic After that the following problem with apt-get -f install: root@localhost:/# apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: linux-generic The following packages will be upgraded: linux-generic 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/1,722 B of archives. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic: linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however: Version of linux-image-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46. linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however: Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46. dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: linux-generic E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

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• Resealing windows XP stops PXE working

  - by zeocrash

  I'm trying to capture a drive image of a windows xp pro machine. I've gone through the steps and resealed the machine. When i try and network boot the PXE instantly gives the message "PXE-MOF" and ends. I have managed to get network boot to work on this machine whenever XP is not resealed. I have tried Multiple times to get PXE to work after resealing windows, but with no luck. As soon as i unseal it, PXE works every time. I know PXE is supposed to work independent of what's on the hard drive. Is there any way that resealing windows could cause PXE to stop working.

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• Setting up a static IP address (public) in Ubuntu

  - by ycseattle

  I have a business class internet connection and need to setup a static ip address for a machine. I did a search online and only find how to setup static local ip addresses (like 192.168..). I tried the same technique, and only setup the ip address and netmask, but after restart networking the computer could not connect to the outside world. This is what I did: 1) edit /etc/network/interfaces iface eth0 inet static address 173.10.xxx.xx netmask 255.255.255.252 2) edit /etc/resolv.conf search wp.comcast.net nameserver xx.xx.xx.xxx nameserver xx.xx.xx.xxx 3) restart network sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart Now the last step didn't report error, ifconfig shows the ip address was set, but this server cannot connect to outside world, ping google.com and reports "unknown host google.com". Any ideas?

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• Can't complete dropbox installation from behind proxy

  - by Mark Jones

  Problem: My PC on campus sits behind a proxy (requiring authentication) and I can't setup Dropbox. I am convinced that this is a proxy issue as I can't setup Ubuntu one either (but I don't use Ubuntu One so that is not a problem). I have looked at the Ubuntu One fix but it seems to be to modify settings explicitly related to Ubuntu One. I can install the nautilus-dropbox package (compiled from source and from .deb package from website and from software centre) but once I click OK from the "Dropbox Installation" dialog box (prompting me to download the proprietary daemon) the installation just freezes with the OK button pressed. When I look at its process in System Monitor its waiting channel is inet_wait_for_connect. I have set the following proxy directives thus far: Added mj22:**@proxy.waikato.ac.nz:80 information to network proxy settings under network in settings. Added http_host and http_port variables under gconf-editor-system-proxy Added 'host', 'authentication_password' 'authentication_user' and ticked 'user authentication' and 'use_http_proxy' under gconf-editor-system-http_proxy Added export http_proxy="http://mj22:**@proxy.waikato.ac.nz:80/" to /etc/bash.bashrc Added Acquire::http::proxy "http://mj22:**@proxy.waikato.ac.nz:80/"; to /etc/apt/apt.conf (which is what I imagine is letting Software Center retrieve packages). (where ** is my password) I have also added the equivalent ftp and https lines for the above entries. I get the internet fine and Software Centre can download packages but thats it. Related issues: The software centre can't fetch reviews (but can download packages). When trying to add an online account in Gnome 3 a dialog pop up appears with "Error getting a Request Token: Cannot connect to proxy (proxy.waikato.ac.nz)" Updates: After some time (10mins ish) Dropbox shows an error dialog box that reads: Trouble connecting to Dropbox servers. Maybe your internet connection is down, or you need to set you http_proxy environment variable. Is there a way I can see what environment variables are currently set?

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• All nework interfaces hang for seconds while one interface goes up/down

  - by user3698377

  I am building a client/server application that uses several network interfaces in parallel for redundancy, and I have noticed that while one network interface goes down or goes up, the communication on other interfaces hangs for several seconds. I could reproduce this behavior without my application in a simple way: there are 2 interfaces available on computer 1 ( Ethernet and WiFi ) ping from computer 2 the IP address of the Ethernet connection of computer 1 disconnect the WiFi of computer 1 ping hangs for seconds, and then the packets are traveling again between the 2 computers. The hanging happens as well if I turn back on the WiFi connection on computer 1. It happens as well if I ping the WiFi IP, and turn off/on the Ethernet connection ( or unplug/plug the cable). I am using Linux Ubuntu 12.04 on both computers. Any ideas why is this happening, and if / how can it be avoided?

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• What the hell was THAT?!?

  - by Massimo

  My system is Windows XP SP3, updated with the latest patches. The PC is connected to a Cisco 877 ADSL router, which does NAT from the internal network to its single static public IP address. There are no forwarded ports, and the router's management console can only be accessed from the inside. I was doing two things: working on a remote office machine via VPN and browsing some web pages on the Cisco web site. The remote network is absolutely safe (it's a lab network, four virtual servers, no publicly accessible services and no users at all; also, none of what I'm going to describe ever happened there). The Cisco web site... well, I suppose is quite safe, too. Suddenly, something happened. Strange popups appears anywhere; programs claiming they're "antimalware", "antispyware" et so on begins autoinstalling; fake Windows Update and Security Center icons pop up in the system tray. svchost.exe began crashing repeatedly. Then, finally, after some minutes of this... BSOD. And, upon rebooting, BSOD again. Even in safe mode. Ok, that was obviously some virus/trojan/whatever. I had to install a new copy of Windows on another partition to clean things up. I found strange executables, services and DLLs almost anywhere. Amongst the other things, user32.dll and ndis.sys had been replaced. A fake software called "Antimalware Doctor" had been installed. There were services with completely random names or even GUIDs (!), and also ones called "IpSect" and "Darkness". There were executable files without an .exe extension. There were even two boot-class drivers, which I'm quite sure are the ones that finally caused the system to crash. A true massacre. Ok, now the questions: What the hell was that?!? It was something more than a simple virus! How did it manage to attack my computer, as I am behind a firewall and was not doing anything even only potentially harmful on the web at the time?

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• Are there any home/soho NAS devices that will backup/sync to the cloud?

  - by 3rdparty

  Looking for a home office (SOHO) market (priced) network hard drive (NAS) that will sync some or all of its content to a cloud-based backup service. The only option I've been able to find so far is NetGear's [ReadyNAS Vault][1] however from what I've read it's not as secure as it could be, and the service is quite expensive ($200/yr for 50GB of cloud storage) - it's 'powered' by ElephantDrive Ideally would love to see something like Wuala integrated into a Lacie Network HDD - conveniently, I suspect this is in the works as Lacie recently acquired Wuala, however nothing has come of it yet. I know there are options to use rsync with a customizable NAS (such as the very versatile and hackable D-Link DNS-323, but the easier this is to setup and maintain, the better. Thanks! ps. I had many links posted within this question, but was limited to posting with only one due to anti-spam restrictions - gotta get my 'reputation' higher!

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• dhcpd won't let go of old leases

  - by Jakobud

  We have DHCP setup to hand out leases in the following range: 192.168.10.190 - 192.168.10.254 (roughly 65 leases) Our small business network only has about 30 computers that use DHCP. We noticed that dhcpd stopped handing out new dynamic leases to the computers, even though there are definitely not 65 computers on the network. Why has it stopped handing out leases? Is it not releasing old un-used leases? How do we tell dhcpd to let go of old leases and start handing out fresh ones again?

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• Interesting links week #6

  - by erwin21

  Below a list of interesting links that I found this week: Frontend: Understanding CSS Selectors Javascript: Breaking the Web with hash-bangs HTML5 Peeks, Pokes and Pointers Development: 10 Points to Take Care While Building Links for SEO View State decoder ASP.NET MVC Performance Tips Other: Things to Remember Before Launching a Website Tips and Tricks On How To Become a Presentation Ninja 10 Ways to Simplify Your Workday Interested in more interesting links follow me at twitter http://twitter.com/erwingriekspoor

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• MIDI Over Networking on OSX: Lots of beachballing

  - by Yar

  I have 4 computers connected to a Wifi router (with no Internet uplink). Whenever we enter the Network interface for Audio/Midi preferences in ANY of the computers, the Mac beachballs and then finally finds its way. Occasionally, however, one of the computers fails to receive the MIDI information that was destined for it via the Network MIDI interface. Changing to all wired connections does NOT help. Adding Internet uplink DOES help and the problem is resolved. This makes no sense to me as the computers can access each other just fine with or without the Internet uplink. Any ideas? [NOTE: I'll update the question if people correct my terminology, or feel free to do that if you have the rights].

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• Proper way for changing MAC address in a linux VM?

  - by HappyDeveloper

  I tried to change the MAC address in a ubuntu VM (virtualbox), but after that it threw lots of errors during boot, and then I had no internet connection. Then I saw that the interface was renamed to eth1, so I edited /etc/network/interfaces to change eth0 to eth1, rebooted (didn't know how to restart the network), and boot was now faster and internet worked fine. But now after every time I log in, I get 1 or 2 error messages that say nothing, they only ask me if I want to report them. So I was wondering, is there was a proper way to change MAC address, to avoid these issues?

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• DNS server at router level vs. computer level

  - by Craig

  I've three questions. Is it better/faster/optimal to set up your server's preferred and alternate DNS servers in your OS's network settings or in your router settings? Will it cause problems if it is set up in both places, both pointing to the same IPs? I am running Windows and I have my network assign a static IP to one of my computers. This doesn't allow me to obtain the DNS server addresses from my router automatically. Is there an IP I can put in that will cause it to take the DNS server addresses from the router?

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• Is there a free-embedded SSH solution ?

  - by ereOn

  Hi, I'm working for an important company which has some severe network policies. I'd like to connect from my work, to my home linux server (mainly because it allows me to monitor my home-automated installation, but that's off-topic) but of course, any ssh connection (tcp port 22) to an external site is blocked. While I understand why this is done (to avoid ssh tunnels I guess), I really need to have some access to my box. (Well, "need" might be exagerated, but that would be nice ;) Do you know any web-based solution that I could install on my home linux server that would give me some pseudo-terminal (served using https) embedded in a web page ? I'm not necessarily looking for something graphical: a simple web-embedded ssh console would do the trick. Or do you guys see any other solution that wouldn't compromise network security ? Thank you very much for your solutions/advices.

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• Virtualbox PXE Boot Failing with a Windows Server 2008 R2 Server

  - by Vbitz

  Some fast help on this would be good, I have been on this problem for 14 hours. In a Virtualbox test environment I have 2 virtual machines networked together using a internal network (no traffic runs though the host, it is all at a software level). One is a fresh client with 512mb of ram and a dual core set-up, the other is the server with 1.5GB of ram and running server 2008 r2. The server is configured as a dns server, dchp server, domain controller and also serves PXE booting though WDS (Windows Deployment Services). Both machines can see each other and I am able to start a network boot. The issue comes at the second to last stage of the pre windows PE install. On TFTP download of boot.sdi it starts it but stops during the boot process.

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• Help me a routing server on Windows XP

  - by Lu Lu

  I am developing client/server applications and need to test them on Internet environment. However, I only have one PC without connecting the public internet, so I have a plan to simulate a virtual internet environment on my PC. I think I will install the virtual machines for my purpose, but I can install only one machine because of my slowly PC. At the moment, my PC has 2 machines: the host machine (use Windows XP) & the virtual machine (use Windows Server 2003 Ent). Each machine will have 2 network adapter (host-only & internal), and in 2 network adapters, the internal adapter is private on each machine, and host-only adapters are connected together. With Windows 2003, routing server is ok, but I wonder on Windows XP, are there any routing server product? Please help me. Thanks.

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• Running 12.04 as a gateway - resolvconf, dhclient and dnsmasq integration

  - by Adam

  I have a gateway server which is set up originally with Ubuntu desktop 12.04 - perhaps a mistake, I don't know, something to bear in mind. I ripped out network-manager and now want to get resolvconf, dhclient and dnsmasq to play well together. dhclient gets the gateway's eth0 WAN ip address and the ISP DNS name server from the modem. dnsmasq needs to serve dhcp to the rest of the lan on eth1 and acts as a DNS cache both for the lan and for the gateway machine. I also set up iptables as a firewall. Right now, the gateway's /etc/resolv.conf shows only name server = 127.0.0.1 which is correct AFAIK. However I don't think that dhclient is giving dnsmasq the ISP DNS name server nor is dnsmasq picking up the OpenDNS and Google name servers I specified in /etc/network/interfaces - at the moment look-ups, i.e. ping or surfing, don't work unless I manually edit /etc/resolv.conf to put in an upstream name server like 8.8.8.8 So I removed the resolvconf package. Now I'm not getting dhcp on my lan and I'm not able to do DNS look-ups on the host itself - I can surf and ping on the net, but not 127.0.0.1. Where do I go from here? This setup with the config for dhclient and dnsmasq, and the same resolv.conf and hosts files worked on my old debian box.

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• WEP authentication suddenly failing in Ubuntu

  - by kellishaver

  I'm running Ubuntu 9.10 and after a recent reboot, I'm now unable to authenticate to wireless networks using WEP encryption. I can connect fine to open networks (no idea about WPA). When trying to connect via WEP, I'm continually prompted for the network key, which I know I have entered correctly (and should have been/is saved in my keyring anyway). Everything had been working fine until the reboot. No updates had been installed or configuration changes made. Hardware-wise, everything looks fine (http://pastebin.org/113777), and the fact that connecting to an open network works just fine leads me to think this is a software issue. I just don't know where to begin fixing it. Any insights would be greatly appreciated.

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• Networking disabled

  - by Terry Dixon

  Both the Wifi and the ethernet connection to the internet are not working. All had been functioning fine until the Ubuntu suspended itself. On re-starting, the connection to internet failed to function and now I get the message "Network Disabled" whenever I re-boot. nm-tool tells me the state is "asleep". Stopping and starting the NetworkManager has no effect The machine is an Inspiron 9300 and work perfectly with Windows. How do I wake the networking up? Thanks

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• autofs mac os x afp not loading as correct user?

  - by Stephen Furlani

  Hello, I am way out of my depth, and I am trying to get all of my nodes on a cluster to mount a drive on my head node. I've got /etc/auto_master and /etc/auto_afp configured according to Apple's "Autofs: Automatically Mounting Network File Shares in Mac OS X" White Paper: /etc/auto_master +auto_master # Use directory service /net -hosts -nobrowse,hidefromfinder,nosuid /home auto_home -nobrowse,hidefromfinder /Network/Servers -fstab /- -static /- auto_afp /etc/auto_afp /Volumes/userA -fstype=afp afp://userA:[email protected]:/ /Volumes/userB -fstype=afp afp://userB:[email protected]:/ I am logged into a compute-node as userA. automount appears to mount both /Volumes/userA and /Volumes/userB to head-node.local:/Users/userA/Documents/ even though I have usernames, passwords, and user-directory specified in the afp url. If I go and login with Finder - it mounts userB appropriately. File sharing and cd/dvd sharing is enabled on all computers involved. Am I doing the right thing, and if so, what did I do wrong? -Stephen

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• How to Tell a Hardware Problem From a Software Problem

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Your computer seems to be malfunctioning — it’s slow, programs are crashing or Windows may be blue-screening. Is your computer’s hardware failing, or does it have a software problem that you can fix on your own? This can actually be a bit tricky to figure out. Hardware problems and software problems can lead to the same symptoms — for example, frequent blue screens of death may be caused by either software or hardware problems. Computer is Slow We’ve all heard the stories — someone’s computer slows down over time because they install too much software that runs at startup or it becomes infected with malware. The person concludes that their computer is slowing down because it’s old, so they replace it. But they’re wrong. If a computer is slowing down, it has a software problem that can be fixed. Hardware problems shouldn’t cause your computer to slow down. There are some rare exceptions to this — perhaps your CPU is overheating and it’s downclocking itself, running slower to stay cooler — but most slowness is caused by software issues. Blue Screens Modern versions of Windows are much more stable than older versions of Windows. When used with reliable hardware with well-programmed drivers, a typical Windows computer shouldn’t blue-screen at all. If you are encountering frequent blue screens of death, there’s a good chance your computer’s hardware is failing. Blue screens could also be caused by badly programmed hardware drivers, however. If you just installed or upgraded hardware drivers and blue screens start, try uninstalling the drivers or using system restore — there may be something wrong with the drivers. If you haven’t done anything with your drivers recently and blue screens start, there’s a very good chance you have a hardware problem. Computer Won’t Boot If your computer won’t boot, you could have either a software problem or a hardware problem. Is Windows attempting to boot and failing part-way through the boot process, or does the computer no longer recognize its hard drive or not power on at all? Consult our guide to troubleshooting boot problems for more information. When Hardware Starts to Fail… Here are some common components that can fail and the problems their failures may cause: Hard Drive: If your hard drive starts failing, files on your hard drive may become corrupted. You may see long delays when you attempt to access files or save to the hard drive. Windows may stop booting entirely. CPU: A failing CPU may result in your computer not booting at all. If the CPU is overheating, your computer may blue-screen when it’s under load — for example, when you’re playing a demanding game or encoding video. RAM: Applications write data to your RAM and use it for short-term storage. If your RAM starts failing, an application may write data to part of the RAM, then later read it back and get an incorrect value. This can result in application crashes, blue screens, and file corruption. Graphics Card: Graphics card problems may result in graphical errors while rendering 3D content or even just while displaying your desktop. If the graphics card is overheating, it may crash your graphics driver or cause your computer to freeze while under load — for example, when playing demanding 3D games. Fans: If any of the fans fail in your computer, components may overheat and you may see the above CPU or graphics card problems. Your computer may also shut itself down abruptly so it doesn’t overheat any further and damage itself. Motherboard: Motherboard problems can be extremely tough to diagnose. You may see occasional blue screens or similar problems. Power Supply: A malfunctioning power supply is also tough to diagnose — it may deliver too much power to a component, damaging it and causing it to malfunction. If the power supply dies completely, your computer won’t power on and nothing will happen when you press the power button. Other common problems — for example, a computer slowing down — are likely to be software problems. It’s also possible that software problems can cause many of the above symptoms — malware that hooks deep into the Windows kernel can cause your computer to blue-screen, for example. The Only Way to Know For Sure We’ve tried to give you some idea of the difference between common software problems and hardware problems with the above examples. But it’s often tough to know for sure, and troubleshooting is usually a trial-and-error process. This is especially true if you have an intermittent problem, such as your computer blue-screening a few times a week. You can try scanning your computer for malware and running System Restore to restore your computer’s system software back to its previous working state, but these aren’t  guaranteed ways to fix software problems. The best way to determine whether the problem you have is a software or hardware one is to bite the bullet and restore your computer’s software back to its default state. That means reinstalling Windows or using the Refresh or reset feature on Windows 8. See whether the problem still persists after you restore its operating system to its default state. If you still see the same problem – for example, if your computer is blue-screening and continues to blue-screen after reinstalling Windows — you know you have a hardware problem and need to have your computer fixed or replaced. If the computer crashes or freezes while reinstalling Windows, you definitely have a hardware problem. Even this isn’t a completely perfect method — for example, you may reinstall Windows and install the same hardware drivers afterwards. If the hardware drivers are badly programmed, the blue-screens may continue. Blue screens of death aren’t as common on Windows these days — if you’re encountering them frequently, you likely have a hardware problem. Most blue screens you encounter will likely be caused by hardware issues. On the other hand, other common complaints like “my computer has slowed down” are easily fixable software problems. When in doubt, back up your files and reinstall Windows. Image Credit: Anders Sandberg on Flickr, comedy_nose on Flickr     

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• How to add a web folder via command line (Windows)

  - by Ryan

  I am trying to add a web folder via command line in windows. At first I though I should use the "net use" command, but when I tried I kept getting System error 67: C:net use * http://dev.subdomain.domain.tdl/dav/ the user name for 'dev.restech.niu.edu': correctusername the password for dev.restech.niu.edu: System error 67 has occurred. The network name cannot be found. The url I used works in a browser. It's an Apache dav on basic auth LDAP authentication method being used. Here's the thing... I CAN create a web folder when I use the "Add a network place" wizard. When I do net use, I don't see it listed in the prompt that follows. What utility do I need to use to mount a web folder in command line?

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• How does bridged networking work?

  - by agz

  How does bridged networking work? I have looked through the virtualbox manuals but nothing extremely technical came up (It was just a generic gloss over of the topic) How does it assign a different ip to the virtual machine but uses the same network card? Why does this different ip (I found using ip addr under linux) not show up under the "attached devices section" of my router but I can port forward to it? How come if I connect to a password protected wifi network, it does not require me to enter my password? Is this multihoming?

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• Altering a Column Which has a Default Constraint

  - by Dinesh Asanka

  Setting up a default column is a common task for  developers.  But, are we naming those default constraints explicitly? In the below  table creation, for the column, sys_DateTime the default value Getdate() will be allocated. CREATE TABLE SampleTable (ID int identity(1,1), Sys_DateTime Datetime DEFAULT getdate() ) We can check the relevant information from the system catalogs from following query. SELECT sc.name TableName, dc.name DefaultName, dc.definition, OBJECT_NAME(dc.parent_object_id) TableName, dc.is_system_named  FROM sys.default_constraints dc INNER JOIN sys.columns sc ON dc.parent_object_id = sc.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id = sc.column_id and results would be: Most of the above columns are self-explanatory. The last column, is_system_named, is to identify whether the default name was given by the system. As you know, in the above case, since we didn’t provide  any default name, the  system will generate a default name for you. But the problem with these names is that they can differ from environment to environment.  If example if I create this table in different table the default name could be DF__SampleTab__Sys_D__7E6CC920 Now let us create another default and explicitly name it: CREATE TABLE SampleTable2 (ID int identity(1,1), Sys_DateTime Datetime )   ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ADD CONSTRAINT DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate DEFAULT( Getdate()) FOR Sys_DateTime If we run the previous query again we will be returned the below output. And you can see that last created default name has 0 for is_system_named. Now let us say I want to change the data type of the sys_DateTime column to something else: ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date This will generate the below error: Msg 5074, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 The object ‘DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate’ is dependent on column ‘Sys_DateTime’. Msg 4922, Level 16, State 9, Line 1 ALTER TABLE ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime failed because one or more objects access this column. This means, you need to drop the default constraint before altering it: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable2] DROP CONSTRAINT [DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate] ALTER TABLE SampleTable2 ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date   ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable2] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_sys_DateTime_Getdate] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [Sys_DateTime] If you have a system named default constraint that can differ from environment to environment and so you cannot drop it as before, you can use the below code template: DECLARE @defaultname VARCHAR(255) DECLARE @executesql VARCHAR(1000)   SELECT @defaultname = dc.name FROM sys.default_constraints dc INNER JOIN sys.columns sc ON dc.parent_object_id = sc.object_id AND dc.parent_column_id = sc.column_id WHERE OBJECT_NAME (parent_object_id) = 'SampleTable' AND sc.name ='Sys_DateTime' SET @executesql = 'ALTER TABLE SampleTable DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @defaultname EXEC( @executesql) ALTER TABLE SampleTable ALTER COLUMN Sys_DateTime Date ALTER TABLE [dbo].[SampleTable] ADD DEFAULT (Getdate()) FOR [Sys_DateTime]

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• Wireless not detected on an hp Pavilion g6 - RT5390PCIe

  - by Earl Larson

  I just bought an HP Pavilion g6 laptop and I installed Natty Narwhal alongside Windows 7. In Windows 7, my WiFi works perfect but in Ubuntu it absolutely (no matter what I do) won't detect my home WiFi network. Here is the output of "lspci": earl@ubuntu:~$ lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS880 Host Bridge 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780/RS880 PCI to PCI bridge (int gfx) 00:04.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 0) 00:05.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 1) 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 2) 00:11.0 SATA controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 SATA Controller [AHCI mode] 00:12.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:12.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB EHCI Controller 00:13.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:13.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB EHCI Controller 00:14.0 SMBus: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 42) 00:14.1 IDE interface: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 IDE Controller (rev 40) 00:14.2 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) (rev 40) 00:14.3 ISA bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 LPC host controller (rev 40) 00:14.4 PCI bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge (rev 40) 00:14.5 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI2 Controller 00:16.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:16.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB EHCI Controller 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 10h Processor HyperTransport Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 10h Processor Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 10h Processor DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 10h Processor Miscellaneous Control 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 10h Processor Link Control 01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc M880G [Mobility Radeon HD 4200] 01:05.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc RS880 Audio Device [Radeon HD 4200] 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 05) 03:00.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. Device 5390 04:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Device 5209 (rev 01) earl@ubuntu:~$

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