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• How To Remove Bottleneck with Squid Caching Proxy

  - by Volomike

  I'm more of a LAMP web developer trying to help the sysop. When I joined a project, I inherited some old PHP spaghetti code. Some of that code is that it goes out to a third-party website (let's call it thirdparty.com) and pulls down content with an HTTP-GET request. Unfortunately, the way the code is designed, it needs to do this several times a minute. When we looked at the bottlenecks on the server with 'netstat -a', we saw that connections to thirdparty.com were constantly running when this content would be plenty fine to be gathered once a day. What I need to know is if the Squid Proxy Caching Server is the solution we need? I'm guessing that this might let us have it pretend to be thirdparty.com on the network. If the web server needs to query thirdparty.com, it hits Squid instead. Squid can then determine whether it needs to supply content from cache or if it needs to go to thirdparty.com for fresh content. Is this the solution we need? And second, is this easily configured and only to cache thirdparty.com requests?

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• If spaces in filenames are possible, why do some of us still avoid using them?

  - by Chris W. Rea

  Somebody I know expressed irritation today regarding those of us who tend not to use spaces in our filenames, e.g. NamingThingsLikeThis.txt -- despite most modern operating systems supporting spaces in filenames. Non-technical people must look at filenames created by geeks and wonder where we learned English. So, what are the reasons that spaces in filenames are avoided or discouraged? The most obvious reason I could think of, and why I typically avoid it, are the extra quotes required on the command line when dealing with such files. Are there any other significant reasons, other than the practice being a vestigial preference? UPDATE: Thanks for all your answers! I'm surprised how popular this was. So, here's a summary: Six Reasons Why Geeks Prefer Filenames Without Spaces In Them It's irritating to put quotes around them when referenced on the command line (or elsewhere.) Some older operating systems didn't used to support them and us old dogs are used to that. Some tools still don't support spaces in filenames at all or very well. (But they should.) It's irritating to escape spaces when used where spaces must be escaped, such as URLs. Certain unenlightened services (e.g. file hosting, webmail) remove or replace spaces anyway! Names without spaces can be shorter, which is sometimes desirable as paths are limited.

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• Windows roaming profile when creating a new user profile

  - by molecule

  When a particular user is having a lot of problems with Windows XP e.g. applications crashing, unresponsive applications (which used to work), and as a general troubleshooting practice for a domain user, I normally rename that user's old profile and get him/her to logon to create a "fresh" profile (on the same PC). More often than not, this will solve the problem albeit some reconfiguration i.e. Outlook, Excel add-ins etc. As I took over the systems admin role from another administrator, I would like to know what is the easiest way to find out (either through a third party or some Windows administrative tool) what settings are carried over if the profile is a Roaming Profile. I tested creating a new user profile for one of my users and it seems basic Outlook settings such as the user's mailbox and PSTs are carried over automatically when I create a new user profile. I suspect this is done through a batch file loaded as part of the login script. However, my knowledge of scripting is limited and I don't want any corruptions to be carried over to the new profile. Can someone share their experiences on this? Thanks in advance.

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• laptop motherboard "shorts" when connected to adapter

  - by Bash

  Disclaimer: I'm sort of a noob, and this is a long post. Thank you all in advance! summary: completely dead laptop with no signs of life whatsoever (suddenly, for no apparent reason) Here's the deal: Lenovo Y470 (only a few months old with no water or shock damage). It stopped working suddenly (no lights, no sound, even when connecting adapter with or without battery). I tried a different adapter (same electrical rating), but no luck. I disassembled the thing completely, and tried plugging in the adapter and looking for signs of life with all different combinations of components installed (tried all combinations of RAM, CPU, USB power cords, screen, etc plugged in). no luck. Then, I noticed (as I was plugging in the adapter to try for the millionth time) that there was a "spark" for an instant when I first connect the adapter to the power jack. The adapter's LED would then flash (indicating it isn't working or charging). So, I thought the power jack has a short of some sort (due to bad soldering or something). Scanned virtually every single component on the motherboard, and tested the power jack connections with a multimeter. No shorts or damage to anything on the entire motherboard. Now I'm thinking I need to replace the motherboard. But, my actual question: What does this "shorting" when connecting the adapter signify? (btw, the voltage across the power connections and current through it drop to virtually zero when the adapter is connected and "sparks", and they stay that way). The bewildering thing is that there are no damaged components, and the voltage across adapter terminals returns to normal after I disconnect it (so it's not damaged). Please take a look at the pictures (of the motherboard's power connection and nearby components) and see if I'm missing something completely obvious... Links to pictures and laptop and motherboard model: pictures on DropBox Motherboard model: LA-6881P Laptop model: Lenovo IdeaPad Y470

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• PXE bootable image for terminal server?

  - by HeavenCore

  We have 300 windows xp machines on cruddy old hardware across the company. With extended support for XP ending April next year we're looking into our options. Couple of options: Replace the 300 PC's with full windows 7 PC's (£100k +?) - no use of terminal server (our current model) Replace the 300 PC's with off the shelf thin clients & make use of our terminal server - Cheaper clients but Terminal Server CALS required? Keep the 300 PC's, replace windows XP with linux thin client capable of connecting to our terminal server - no hardware costs, just Terminal Server CALS required? Keep the 300 PC's - remove hard drives and make use of a PXE bootable "thin client" to connect to our terminal server If we were to choose option 4, what our the options out there? Is there any official PXE bootable thin clients for terminal server out there? If so, what are the licence requirements? Is there options we haven’t considered? There must be lots of companies out there in this situation - curious what the current trend is for this problem? Edit: Option 5 - Create a bootable Windows PE image with RDP auto start and use that as a "thin client" for our terminal server - is Windows PE licence free in such a model?

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• Acer Aspire One -- strange battery problem, charges only up to ~90%

  - by houbysoft

  I have this strange problem on the acer aspire one d250. It happened already once before, stayed for about two weeks, and then "fixed itself". The problem is as follows: the battery can't seem to get fully charged; ie the indicator is stuck at about 90% (it's probably not a software problem -- I have ArchLinux and Windows 7 installed and both report exactly the same) and it never passes that value, but it still shows the status as "charging" (I tried everything I could think of -- leaving it charging for extremely long amounts of time, doing a few complete charge-recharge cycles, removing/reinserting the battery, cleaning the connectors, even updating the BIOS, etc., and nothing helped). Also, when it is getting charged, it charges pretty fast until about 70% and then progresses extremely slowly. The battery holds the charge that appears on the battery indicator normally. Just can't get the battery to charge fully -- I can't get it past the 90%. At first I thought this would be a simple battery failure (even if the computer is not that old, about 6-7 months), but as I mentioned it happened once before, and then one day it fixed itself. I tried contacting Acer about this, but the support was not helpful, completely stupid, it seemed like they used canned responses, the usual. Any thoughts on how to fix this?

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• Apache Virtual host not recognized

  - by Bozho

  I've been using one server, then I reinstalled everything on another server, and the mod_jk stopped working. Here is the situation: apache 2.0 sitting "in front" mod_jk used to connect to the apache to tomcat tomcat 6.0.26 used to server the actual requests I followed this tutorial. The result is: accessing http://mysite.com opens the index.html in /var/www/ accessing http://mysite.com:8080/ works OK the logs at /var/logs/apache2 show everything is OK: [Mon Mar 29 22:01:53.310 2010] [28349:3075389184] [info] init_jk::mod_jk.c (2830): mod_jk/1.2.26 initialized [Mon Mar 29 22:01:53 2010] [warn] No JkShmFile defined in httpd.conf. Using default /var/log/apache2/jk-runtime-status [Mon Mar 29 22:01:53 2010] [notice] Apache/2.2.9 (Debian) mod_jk/1.2.26 configured -- resuming normal operations I compared the server.xml, jk.conf, sites-enabled/mysite from the new server to those from the old one and they are identical. The domain name is the same (I updated the DNS record today, and it has refreshed successfully) So the question is, what can go wrong? Is there another place where problems would be logged, if such occur? Update What I can be almost certain of is that the virtual host is not recognized. It is always forwarded to the default virtual host. So, how to make sure the virtual host is recognized and working?

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• Dell Studio 17 - turning off suddenly

  - by studiohack

  I have a Dell Studio 17 laptop, a refurbished model almost 2 years old...It is currently running Windows 7 32-bit, Home Premium. Via a clean install, it is a Vista upgrade machine...A while back, a problem started to develop while running Vista that it would suddenly just turn off. No warnings, messages, anything. It was like I had the battery out, then just unplugged it from the wall. Just like that. Over several months of this happening (or more), I've observed several things...First, it only seems to happen when I'm doing memory-intensive things, such as watching a online video full screen or running many applications in the background...Second, I can tell when it is about to "flip" as I've termed it, when the fan starts running...the computer gets really hot in places... Anyways, I'm pretty sure this is a hardware problem, because it still exists, even after a Vista-to-7 Upgrade...Is this true? Hardware vs. software? Is there anything I can do to fix this? Is it just a specific component or what? What do you recommend? Thanks!!

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• Exporting Client Data from Groupwise 6.5 to Outlook 2010 without Crashing

  - by Adam Doherty

  My employer has recently moved from Novell GroupWise 6.5 to Exchange 2010. We've imposed mailbox limits on staff but we still need to move their old messages, contacts, calendars, etc. over to Outlook 2010. Our problem however is this, utilizing the Novell MAPI client is slow within Outlook 2010 and upon exporting messages to a PST file (for later re-attachment, and offline backup purposes) crashes the GroupWise server. Connecting to the server in Outlook via IMAP to export messages to PST is faster and apparently more stable but also crashes the server. We'll be keeping our GroupWise server online internally until then end of the year but I have staff with mailboxes approaching 12 gigabytes, which is fine if we're going to move the data to offline storage (DVD set) but if I keep crashing the server every time I try to get the data I'll just be spinning my wheels. In my first attempts, I tried to move mail for a staff member with 3GB of data. The transfer lasted roughly 8 hours before crashing. I'm wondering if there is an open source solution to my problem. Paid solutions exist but we're a not-for-profit organization and have too many staff to justify the costs of per seat licenses just to migrate mail.

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• Windows 7 - "A disk read error occured. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del to restart"

  - by Senthil

  Problem: When I switch on my PC, after BIOS POST, a cursor is blinking for about 5 seconds and then I am getting this error message: A disk read error occurred. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del to restart. I am able to go into BIOS. But Windows loader doesn't even start. This message is shown after my motherboard logo comes and goes. Symptoms: I DID notice my system freezing for minutes at a time for past two days. Also, in the past two days, it stopped half way through the Window booting process. I had to do hard reset couple of times to get it working. But since today morning, I only get this error message. Configuration: Operating System: Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bit only. Hard disk: 1 Physical Disk - 80GB SATA Partitions: Two (2) - C: and D: File System: NTFS No drive encryption or compression is turned on. After I searched on the net, I have found people mentioning these possible causes: Hard Disk is physically failing Corrupt MBR Bad Sector I am planning to buy a new hard disk, install Windows on it and continue. But I need data from the old hard disk. The data I want is in D: drive, outside any Windows user folder, is not encrypted or compressed or protected in anyway. I think if someone/something can get the disk working again and knows NTFS, the data can be hopefully read. What steps should I follow to recover files from the defective disk? Update: I bought a new disk, installed windows on it and added the defective one as a slave. Then I was able to read the data from the defective hard disk. Though chkdsk found lots of errors, the files I wanted were not affected and I got them back :) I am not using that hard disk anymore though it seems to be working at the moment.

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• Exim 4 Virtual Domains and Catchall on Debian (Squeeze)

  - by parazuce

  Hello, I've been at it for about 4 hours now. Searching as well as trying different tutorials. Here's my setup: I have 2 domains, both under my own DNS server (MX records setup as well). I have exim4 successfully running, and it is able to send messages from both of those domains. I have tested this using sendmail, and manually setting the "From" attribute. Exim successfully delivers mail to users no matter which domain was specified. I'm fine with that, but I'm having an issue editing virtual domains, and adding custom delivery options (such as a catch all). I've been searching for about 4 hours, and I can't find any up-to-date documentation on how to do this. The old methods would be to add a line such as: domainlist local_domains = @:localhost:dsearch;/etc/exim4/virtual Once that line was added, I made a directory at /etc/exim4/virtual, then created files inside such as example.com which would then contain rules for delivery under that domain. This did not work, however. Searching further, I've found that exim no longer supports dsearch (I guess because they claim it never has?) This is where I'm stuck. I'm on a "split" configuration as well.

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• Postgresql base backup script

  - by Terry Lorber

  I'm using the following script to do a file-level backup of Postgresql. I sometimes see that the last part, to do cleanup after "pgs_backup_stop" is called, hangs while it waits for the last WAL to be created. The REF_FILE to search for is sometimes wrong. I'm also shipping these files to a different machine, every 5 minutes via rsync. What do other people do to safely remove old WAL files? #!/bin/bash PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data WAL_ARCHIVE=/usr/local/pgsql/archives PGBACKUP=/usr/local/pgsqlbackup PSQL=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql today=`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S` label=base_backup_${today} echo "Executing pg_start_backup with label $label in server ... " CP=`$PSQL -q -Upostgres -d template1 -c "SELECT pg_start_backup('$label');" -P tuples_only -P format=unaligned` RVAL=$? echo "Begin CheckPoint is $CP" if [ ${RVAL} -ne 0 ] then echo "PSQL pg_start_backup failed" exit 1; fi echo "pg_start_backup executed successfully" echo "TAR begins ... " pushd $PGBACKUP tar -cjf pgdata-$today.tar.bz2 --exclude='pg_xlog' $PGDATA/* popd echo "TAR completed" echo "Executing pg_stop_backup in server ... " $PSQL -Upostgres template1 -c "SELECT pg_stop_backup();" if [ $? -ne 0 ] then echo "PSQL pg_stop_backup failed" exit 1; fi echo "pg_stop_backup done successfully" TO_SEARCH="*${CP:0:2}000000${CP:3:2}.00${CP:5}" echo "Check for ${WAL_ARCHIVE}/${TO_SEARCH}.backup" while [ ! -e ${WAL_ARCHIVE}/${TO_SEARCH}.backup ]; do echo "Waiting for ${WAL_ARCHIVE}/${TO_SEARCH}.backup" sleep 1 done REF_FILE="`echo ${WAL_ARCHIVE}/*${CP:0:2}000000${CP:3:2}`" echo "Reference file ${REF_FILE}" # "-not -newer" or "\! -newer" will also return REF_FILE # so you have to grep it out and use xargs; otherwise you # could also use the -delete action find ${WAL_ARCHIVE} -not -newer ${REF_FILE} -type f | grep -v "^${REF_FILE}$" | xargs rm -f REF_FILE="`echo ${PGBACKUP}/pgdata-$today.tar.bz2`" echo "Reference file ${REF_FILE}" find $PGBACKUP -not -newer ${REF_FILE} -type f -name pgdata* | grep -v "^${REF_FILE}$" | xargs rm -f

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• Project and Business Document Organization

  - by dassouki

  How do you organize, maintain edits, revisions and the relationship between: Proposals Contracts Change Orders Deliverables Projects How do you organize your projects for re-usability? For example, is there a way to add tags to projects, to make them more accessible? What's a good data structure to dump all my files on an internet server for easy access? Presently, my work folder is setup as follows: (1)/work/ (2)/projects (3)/project_a (4)/final (which includes all final documents) (5)/contracts (5)/rfp_rfq (5)/change_orders (5)/communications (logs all emails, faxes, and meeting notes and minutes) (5)/financial (6)/paid (6)/unpaid (5)/reports (4)/old (include all documents that didn't make it into the project_a/final/ (3)/project_b (4) ... same as above ... (2)/references (3)/technical_references (3)/gov_regulations (3)/data_sources (3)/books (3)/topic_based (each area of my expertise has a folder with references in them) (2)/business_contacts (3)/contacts.xls (file contains all my contacts) (2)/banking (3)/banking.xls (contains a list of all paid and unpaid invoices as well as some cool stats) (3)/quicken (to do my taxes and yada yada) (4)/year (2)/education (courses I've taken (3)/webinars (3)/seminars (3)/online_courses (2)/publications (includes the publications I've made (3)/publication_id We're mostly 5 people working together part-time on this thing. Since this is a very structured approach, I find it really difficult to remember what I've done on previous projects and go back and forth easily. What are your suggestions on improving my processes? I'm open to closed and open source software (as long as the price isn't too high). I also want to implement a system where I can save most of the projects online to increase collaboration and efficiency and reduce bandwidth especially on document editing. Imagine emailing a document back and forth 5-10 times a day.

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• Is there a reason to use internal DNS over 8.8.8.8 ?

  - by skylarking

  I've inherited a LAN where there is really no name resolution being done for local resources... i.e. all users enter IP addresses manually to access printers and network shares. There are no LDAP servers or domains either....workstations simply connect to the network without authentication. DHCP is handled via a core switch... And DNS settings are also handed out by this same core switch. Currently, the DNS assignments are as such, and in this order: 10.1.1.50 / old Pentium III Windows 2003 box running DNS service- 128 MB RAM 169.200.x.x / ISP 4.2.2.2. / the well known public one There a couple thousand clients on the LAN....and most of the activity is web browsing ( this is an educational setting ). First of all, the server seems woefully underpowered for this task...yet there is virtually no slowness when web surfing by clients.... How much horsepower should a heavily used DNS server have ? I have also heard using 4.2.2.2 is a bad idea .... since it has been so overused... Finally, wouldn't it make sense to have a robust external DNS server listed first? ( Google's 8.8.8.8 would seem to be a logical candidate )

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• How to connect to local instance of SQL Server 2008 Express

  - by Billy Logan

  I just installed SQL Server 2008 Express on my windows 7 machine. I previously had 2005 on here and used it just fine with the old SQL Server Management Studio Express. I was able to connect with no problems to my PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS instance. I uninstalled 2005 and SQL Server Management Studio Express. I then installed SQL Server 2008 Express on my machine and elected to have it install SQL Server Management Studio. Now, when I try to connect to PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS (with Windows Authentication, like I always did), I get the following message: Cannot connect to PC-NAME\SQLEXPRESS. A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: -1) For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?ProdName=Microsoft+SQL+Server&EvtSrc=MSSQLServer&EvtID=-1&LinkId=20476 When I went to the help link it mentions, the help page suggests the following: * Make sure that the SQL Server Browser service is started on the server. * Use the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration tool to enable SQL Server to accept remote connections. For more information about the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Tool, see Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections. I did try starting the SQL Server Browser, but don't see that the Surface Area Configuration is installed with this express version. I had seen another user with an almost exact same issue that was missing the database engine on install. If that were the case how could i test for that and where would i go to download that install. Thanks in advance, Billy

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• Inbound SIP calls through Cisco 881 NAT hang up after a few seconds

  - by MasterRoot24

  I've recently moved to a Cisco 881 router for my WAN link. I was previously using a Cisco Linksys WAG320N as my modem/router/WiFi AP/NAT firewall. The WAG320N is now running in bridged mode, so it's simply acting as a modem with one of it's LAN ports connected to FE4 WAN on my Cisco 881. The Cisco 881 get's a DHCP provided IP from my ISP. My LAN is part of default Vlan 1 (192.168.1.0/24). General internet connectivity is working great, I've managed to setup static NAT rules for my HTTP/HTTPS/SMTP/etc. services which are running on my LAN. I don't know whether it's worth mentioning that I've opted to use NVI NAT (ip nat enable as opposed to the traditional ip nat outside/ip nat inside) setup. My reason for this is that NVI allows NAT loopback from my LAN to the WAN IP and back in to the necessary server on the LAN. I run an Asterisk 1.8 PBX on my LAN, which connects to a SIP provider on the internet. Both inbound and outbound calls through the old setup (WAG320N providing routing/NAT) worked fine. However, since moving to the Cisco 881, inbound calls drop after around 10 seconds, whereas outbound calls work fine. The following message is logged on my Asterisk PBX: [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3641 retrans_pkt: Retransmission timeout reached on transmission [email protected] for seqno 1 (Critical Response) -- See https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions Packet timed out after 6528ms with no response [Dec 9 15:27:45] WARNING[27734]: chan_sip.c:3670 retrans_pkt: Hanging up call [email protected] - no reply to our critical packet (see https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions). (I know that this is quite a common issue - I've spend the best part of 2 days solid on this, trawling Google.) I've done as I am told and checked https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/SIP+Retransmissions. Referring to the section "Other SIP requests" in the page linked above, I believe that the hangup to be caused by the ACK from my SIP provider not being passed back through NAT to Asterisk on my PBX. I tried to ascertain this by dumping the packets on my WAN interface on the 881. I managed to obtain a PCAP dump of packets in/out of my WAN interface. Here's an example of an ACK being reveived by the router from my provider: 689 21.219999 193.x.x.x 188.x.x.x SIP 502 Request: ACK sip:[email protected] | However a SIP trace on the Asterisk server show's that there are no ACK's received in response to the 200 OK from my PBX: http://pastebin.com/wwHpLPPz In the past, I have been strongly advised to disable any sort of SIP ALGs on routers and/or firewalls and the many posts regarding this issue on the internet seem to support this. However, I believe on Cisco IOS, the config command to disable SIP ALG is no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 however, this doesn't appear to help the situation. To confirm that config setting is set: Router1#show running-config | include sip no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 Another interesting twist: for a short period of time, I tried another provider. Luckily, my trial account with them is still available, so I reverted my Asterisk config back to the revision before I integrated with my current provider. I then dialled in to the DDI associated with the trial trunk and the call didn't get hung up and I didn't get the error above! To me, this points at the provider, however I know, like all providers do, will say "There's no issues with our SIP proxies - it's your firewall." I'm tempted to agree with this, as this issue was not apparent with the old WAG320N router when it was doing the NAT'ing. I'm sure you'll want to see my running-config too: ! ! Last configuration change at 15:55:07 UTC Sun Dec 9 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service tcp-keepalives-in service tcp-keepalives-out service timestamps debug datetime msec localtime show-timezone service timestamps log datetime msec localtime show-timezone no service password-encryption service sequence-numbers ! hostname Router1 ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! security authentication failure rate 10 log security passwords min-length 6 logging buffered 4096 logging console critical enable secret 4 xxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 quit no ip source-route no ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! no ip bootp server ip domain name dmz.merlin.local ip domain list dmz.merlin.local ip domain list merlin.local ip name-server x.x.x.x ip inspect audit-trail ip inspect udp idle-time 1800 ip inspect dns-timeout 7 ip inspect tcp idle-time 14400 ip inspect name autosec_inspect ftp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect http timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect rcmd timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect realaudio timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect smtp timeout 3600 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tftp timeout 30 ip inspect name autosec_inspect udp timeout 15 ip inspect name autosec_inspect tcp timeout 3600 ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn ! ! username xxx privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username xxx secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ip http timeout-policy idle 60 life 86400 requests 10000 ! ! no ip nat service sip udp port 5060 ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 ip nat source static tcp x.x.x.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! logging trap debugging logging facility local2 access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 no cdp run ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 login authentication local_auth length 0 transport output all line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth transport output all line vty 0 1 access-class 1 in logging synchronous login authentication local_auth length 0 transport preferred none transport input telnet transport output all line vty 2 4 access-class 1 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input ssh transport output all ! ! end ...and, if it's of any use, here's my Asterisk SIP config: [general] context=default ; Default context for calls allowoverlap=no ; Disable overlap dialing support. (Default is yes) udpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address to bind UDP listen socket to (0.0.0.0 binds to all) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) tcpenable=no ; Enable server for incoming TCP connections (default is no) tcpbindaddr=0.0.0.0 ; IP address for TCP server to bind to (0.0.0.0 binds to all interfaces) ; Optionally add a port number, 192.168.1.1:5062 (default is port 5060) srvlookup=yes ; Enable DNS SRV lookups on outbound calls ; Note: Asterisk only uses the first host ; in SRV records ; Disabling DNS SRV lookups disables the ; ability to place SIP calls based on domain ; names to some other SIP users on the Internet ; Specifying a port in a SIP peer definition or ; when dialing outbound calls will supress SRV ; lookups for that peer or call. directmedia=no ; Don't allow direct RTP media between extensions (doesn't work through NAT) externhost=<MY DYNDNS HOSTNAME> ; Our external hostname to resolve to IP and be used in NAT'ed packets localnet=192.168.1.0/24 ; Define our local network so we know which packets need NAT'ing qualify=yes ; Qualify peers by default dtmfmode=rfc2833 ; Set the default DTMF mode disallow=all ; Disallow all codecs by default allow=ulaw ; Allow G.711 u-law allow=alaw ; Allow G.711 a-law ; ---------------------- ; SIP Trunk Registration ; ---------------------- ; Orbtalk register => <MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME>:[email protected]/<MY DDI> ; Main Orbtalk number ; ---------- ; Trunks ; ---------- [orbtalk] ; Main Orbtalk trunk type=peer insecure=invite host=sipgw3.orbtalk.co.uk nat=yes username=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> defaultuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> fromuser=<MY SIP PROVIDER USER NAME> secret=xxx context=inbound I really don't know where to go with this. If anyone can help me find out why these calls are being dropped off, I'd be grateful if you could chime in! Please let me know if any further info is required.

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• Changing Domain Name DNS to Redirect web traffic to one server, and leave mail to original server

  - by David S

  Hi there, Ok, quite the idiot with DNS.. apart from the basics. I have a domain name hosted with a domain registrar. It seems to have full DNS control (i.e. ability to view/edit A Records, Mail etc..) We have recently setup a server at Rackspace which hosts the new website The original/existing server (where the old website still is and Mail) is on another shared hosting companies server I went to the domain name registrar, and checked out the DNS management as follows: click here to view the DNS screenshot So obviously the A Record is pointing to the actual server where the website/mail is I figure, and the CNAME is pointing (alias?) to the website url. So my question is this: If I want the web traffic portion to go to the Rackspace/new server, but keep the mail going to where it is now, what do I have to change? Also, should I even change this info at the domain registrar? the rackspace server account has full DNS which seems to suggest I can point to their nameservers and then re-direct the MX (Mail) traffic to where the mail server is? Sorry if that was a bit confusing.. obviously in need of DNS training ;) Any help very appreciated. David.

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• Gmail and FB is not rendering properly in Firefox

  - by Andy

  I am unable read Gmail in my Firefox browser on my laptop. However, there are no problems when I try to access Gmail on my office desktop. In fact, Gmail renders fine on IE on both computers. Things I have tried: Uninstalling and reinstalling Firefox. Using Firefox 3.6.26 and Firefox 10; same problem. Clearing the cache. But all to no avail. For starters: My background image does not get loaded. It says "Oops. Your selected image failed to load". The buttons for the new look do not get rendered, but when I do a mouse-over I see text which helps me navigate. When I try to read a message, I see the subject line and I see the reply / forward box. The message body does not get rendered, it seems like a styling error. Check this screenshot where the icons in the GMail new look are not rendered properly Check this screenshot where even facebook is not getting rendered properly EDIT: 25th Feb 2012 GMAIL is getting rendered fine in the old look

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• Erase just the free space on my hard drive

  - by Patriot

  I'm about to give away an older computer with just the Windows XP operating system intact and all other programs uninstalled. However, upon peeking at the "free space" with software called "Recuva", I notice lots of deleted things that could be recoverable. Some of these include sensitive data files, pdfs, and other personal items that I would not want retrieved. I ran a program called "Eraser" to try and overwrite that data, but it failed to do an adequate job. I also tried to do the job with "Glary Utilities" but it failed too. Short of installing a new, very cheap hard drive and re-installing the bare bones operating system, I'm out of ideas. EDIT - WOW!!! I was not really expecting this many GREAT ideas. My next question is this. If I go the DBAN route and truely wipe the hard drive, then restore my disc image (I use Acronis True Image) will it also restore the free space data? Does imaging just copy readable data? I have an old image of when the OS was first installed.

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• Time not propagating to machines on Windows domain

  - by rbeier

  We have a two-domain Active Directory forest: ourcompany.com at the root, and prod.ourcompany.com for production servers. Time is propagating properly through the root domain, but servers in the child domain are unable to sync via NTP. So the time on these servers is starting to drift, since they're relying only on the hardware clock. WHen I type "net time" on one of the production servers, I get the following error: Could not locate a time-server. More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3912. When I type "w32tm /resync", i get the following: Sending resync command to local computer The computer did not resync because no time data was available. "w32tm /query /source" shows the following: Free-running System Clock We have three domain controllers in the prod.ourcompany.com subdomain (overkill, but the result of a migration - we haven't gotten rid of one of the old ones yet.) To complicate matters, the domain controllers are all virtualized, running on two different physical hosts. But the time on the domain controllers themselves is accurate - the servers that aren't DCs are the ones having problems. Two of the DCs are running Server 2003, including the PDC emulator. The third DC is running Server 2008. (I could move the PDC emulator role to the 2008 machine if that would help.) The non-DC servers are all running Server 2008. All other Active Directory functionality works fine in the production domain - we're only seeing problems with NTP. I can manually sync each machine to the time source (the PDC emulator) by doing the following: net time \\dc1.prod.ourcompany.com /set /y But this is just a one-off, and it doesn't cause automated time syncing to start working. I guess I could create a scheduled task which runs the above command periodically, but I'm hoping there's a better way. Does anyone have any ideas as to why this isn't working, and what we can do to fix it? Thanks for your help, Richard

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• iSCSI SAN Implementation with several ESXi hosts and two Equallogic SANs

  - by Sergey

  I work for a small state college. We currently have 4 ESXi hosts (all made by Dell), 2 EqualLogic SANs (PS4000 and PS4100) and a bunch of old HP Procurve switches. The current setup is very far from being redundant and fast so we want to improve it. I read several threads but get even more confused. The Procurve Switches are 2824. I know they don't support Jumbo Frames and Flow Control at the same time, but we have plans to upgrade to something like Procurve 3500yl. Any suggestions? I heard Dell Powerconnects 6xxx are pretty good but I'm not sure how they compare to HPs. There will be a 4-port Etherchannel (Link Aggregation) between the switches, and all control modules on SAN will be connected to different switches. Is there anything that will make the setup better? Are there better switches then Procurves 3500yl that cost less than 5k? What kind of bandwidth can I expect between ESXi hosts (they will also be connected to 2824 with multiple cables) and SANs?

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• Windows Media Player 12 Library import keeps dying

  - by duckworth

  I cannot get WMP 12 to import my library. I have searched around various forums and tried all the common solutions like disabling Media Sharing, deleted my %LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\Media Player directory and tried reimporting, etc. but nothing works. I have even removed the Media features from Windows setup and re-added them. I have a large mp3 collection shared on the network from another Windows box. I add the folder (tried as a mapped drive and UNC path) and it begins importing. After about 30 minutes into the import (the CurrentDatabase_372.wmdb hits just under 400MB) my WMP player stops importing and all of the icons in WMP turn to red x's and my library is gone. I close and reopen WMP 12 and the library is empty and the CurrentDatabase_372.wmdb is small and it strarts importing again. Rinse, lather, repeat. I am going nuts as WMP11 on Vista handles this same setup perfectly. I am at my wits end on what else to try. I am running a legit Windows 7 Ultimate X64 RTM install. Here is a screenshot of what WMP12 looks like when the import dies: Any other ideas? Edit: OK, I Just confirmed this is definitely a problem not specific to my computer or configuration. I just did a clean installation of Windows 7 Ultimate x86 on an old test machine, opened WMP12 and added the same network folder of mp3's and it crashed about an hour into the import with the same appearance as the screenshot I posted above and the library disappears. So the problem has to be one of several things: The large size of the library The fact that the library is on the network A specific file or file is causing it the player to crash

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• Virtual Machines and Automatic Software Updates

  - by Zian Choy

  It's obvious that one's main computer should always be have all the latest security patches and most people don't blink an eye when Microsoft Update installs non-security updates. In the land of virtual machines, I've run into 2 problems with automatic updates: The virtual machines are only run when needed. Only Windows virtual machines seem to patch themselves. To elaborate on #1, I generally make a virtual machine with a purpose in mind. For example, when I needed an old copy of Internet Explorer to reproduce a bug in RSS Bandit, I had a Virtual PC named RSS Bandit. The machine only stayed running for a few minutes at a time. Consequently, there is no downtime for the machine to download updates at 3 AM. To elaborate on #2, I've noticed that if I haven't run a Windows virtual machine in a while, then the moment I log in, the computer frantically downloads updates and within seconds, if I click the Start button, there is a little orange shield next to the "Shutdown" button. However, I ran a freshly created Ubuntu VM for several hours today with hundreds of updates pending and it seemed to never download any of them or install any of them. Is there any reason to be concerned about running VMs with dozens of security holes? If I should be concerned, then is there any way to get Ubuntu to download and install updates rather than just advertising a long list of updates to download next century? I've already tried telling Ubuntu to automatically download and install updates.

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• INFORMIX - listener thread err 25582

  - by Samuel Lao

  I´ve been digging different forums in the last 7 days looking for a possible solution.... Our database is based on informix running in a Linux server (LINUX SUSE 11). Suddenly, last saturday informix began to show an error message: listener-thread err=-25582 oserr=0, network connection is broken End users started to call reporting about slow network performance to this server, moments where the database application lost connection with server...so we proceeded doing a ping to the db server, getting good responses (1ms) without losing packets. I tried typing telnet (ipserver) 1526 which is informix's port for the application, it works. We had to disconnect the server and enable a backup db server which is located on another branch. It has been working in a regular way because the backup server hasn´t good specs (it is an old dell server model). So, I scanned the main server looking for viruses using Trend Micro Server Protect, it didn´t find anything (0 viruses and spywares). I revised the switches and routers, but I haven´t find anything strange... What else could be ? Thanks in advanced for your time and help with this issue.....I would really appreciate any advice...

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• Apache doesn't immediately notice a change in the document root

  - by Tom

  We use capistrano for website deployments and our Apache document root is a symlink to a particular code release. The deployment procedure switches the symlink from the old release to the new release as the final step of the deployment. We are migrating our webservers from real servers running RHEL 5.6 to Amazon EC2 virtual machines running Ubuntu 11.10 and the new servers are suffering from a problem where Apache doesn't immediately notice the change to it's document root when the symlink is switched. It can take a second or so (and I think I've even seen it take a couple of minutes). It's kind of like Apache has cached the physical path of the symlink for some time. Does anyone know some Apache settings I could look at to get it to "scan" for changes to it's served files quicker. Thoughts: I read that the disks on virtual machines are much slower (since they are network attached storage). Perhaps the filesystem cache somehow works differently too? If so, is there anything that can be done? The website runs PHP code. Perhaps there is some PHP config differences between RHEL and Ubuntu? I checked realpath_cache_ttl but both servers have it commented out: e.g. ; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given ; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this ; value. ; http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.realpath-cache-ttl ;realpath_cache_ttl = 120 We do use the APC opcode cache but don't think it's the issue due to experimentation. The PHP code is in different file paths for each deployment and we ensure stat=1. Here is a similar question that is very interesting: 294107 - but doesn't provide an answer for me. One solution would be to reload Apache everytime we modify the document root symlink. I'll do this if we can't find another solution.

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