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• ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor executing a wrong time because of CPU time discrepancy

  - by richs

  I'm scheduling a task using a ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor object. I use the following method: public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable command, long delay,TimeUnit unit) and set the delay to 30 seconds (delay = 30,000 and unit=TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS). Sometimes my task occurs immediately and other times it takes 70 seconds. I believe the ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor uses CPU specific clocks. When i run tests comparing System.currentTimeMillis(), System.nanoTime() [which is CPU specific] i see the following schedule: 1272637682651ms, 7858346157228410ns execute: 1272637682667ms, 7858386270968425ns difference is 16ms but 4011374001ns (or 40,113ms) so it looks like there is discrepancy between two CPU clocks of 40 seconds How do i resolve this issue in java code? Unfortunately this is a clients machine and i can't modify their system.

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• Commitment to Zend Framework - any arguments against?

  - by Pekka

  I am refurbishing a big CMS that I have been working on for quite a number of years now. The product itself is great, but some components, the Database and translation classes for example, need urgent replacing - partly self-made as far back as 2002, grown into a bit of a chaos over time, and might have trouble surviving a security audit. So, I've been looking closely at a number of frameworks (or, more exactly, component Libraries, as I do not intend to change the basic structure of the CMS) and ended up with liking Zend Framework the best. They offer a solid MVC model but don't force you into it, and they offer a lot of professional components that have obviously received a lot of attention (Did you know there are multiple plurals in Russian, and you can't translate them using a simple ($number == 0) or ($number > 1) switch? I didn't, but Zend_Translate can handle it. Just to illustrate the level of thorougness the library seems to have been built with.) I am now literally at the point of no return, starting to replace key components of the system by the Zend-made ones. I'm not really having second thoughts - and I am surely not looking to incite a flame war - but before going onward, I would like to step back for a moment and look whether there is anything speaking against tying a big system closely to Zend Framework. What I like about Zend: As far as I can see, very high quality code Extremely well documented, at least regarding introductions to how things work (Haven't had to use detailed API documentation yet) Backed by a company that has an interest in seeing the framework prosper Well received in the community, has a considerable user base Employs coding standards I like Comes with a full set of unit tests Feels to me like the right choice to make - or at least, one of the right choices - in terms of modern, professional PHP development. I have been thinking about encapsulating and abstracting ZF's functionality into own classes to be able to switch frameworks more easily, but have come to the conclusion that this would not be a good idea because: it would be an unnecessary level of abstraction it could cost performance the big advantage of using a framework - the existence of a developer base that is familiar with its components - would partly be cancelled out therefore, the commitment to ZF would be a deep one. Thus my question: Is there anything substantial speaking against committing to the Zend Framework? Do you have insider knowledge of plans of Zend Inc.'s to go evil in 2011, and make it a closed source library? Is Zend Inc. run by vampires? Are there conceptual flaws in the code base you start to notice when you've transitioned all your projects to it? Is the appearance of quality code an illusion? Does the code look good, but run terribly slow on anything below my quad-core workstation?

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• Multiple layouts in rails [Newbie Q]

  - by BriteLite

  Hi. As a newb, I decided to build a "home inventory" application. I am now stuck on how to programmatically select a layout based on what type of item it is when viewing it in a browser. According to my planning, so far I should have created a few models to represent types of items I can find in my home: Furniture, Electronics and Books. class Book < ActiveRecord::Base end class Furniture < ActiveRecord::Base end class Electronic < ActiveRecord::Base end Now the Books model has things like isbn, pages, address, and category. Furniture model has things like color, price, address, and category. Electronics has things like name, voltage, address, and category. Here is where I got confused. I know the property address is going to be the same for all of them. I also know that, I will need to create multiple "layouts" for 3 different types of items to show the different properties of said items with appropriate graphics and stylesheets. But how will I go about deciding which category the item is so I can determine which layout to render. According to me, this is how I will do it: class DisplayController < ApplicationController def display @item = Params[:item] if @item.category = "electronics" render :layout => 'electronics' end end In my routes.rb map.display ':item', :controller => 'display', :action => 'display' I only seem to have one concern with this, I probably will add a lot of categories later on and think there should be a more DRY-esque way of dealing, rather than hardcoding them. I understand that I need to add into my layout html tags to display relevant information for that particular category. ----Questions---- Is this the right way to approach this type of problem. Will this approach be compatible when I decide to add a gem like *thinking_sphinx* to run search. What issues do you see with my approach and how can I make it better. I was reading something about "Polymorphic Assoc", does that apply in this case, since category exist for all items? Also, I was trying to get a routes to render a URL like "http://localhost/living-room-tv"

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• passing parameter to view in IOS after a button is pressed

  - by ghostrider

  I am new to IOS programming. So far I have been programming in android. So in android when pressing a button code for passing an argument would be like that: Intent i = new Intent(MainScreen.this,OtherScreen.class); Bundle b = new Bundle(); b.putString("data_1",data); i.putExtras(b); startActivity(i); and on the activity that opens, i would write something like this: Bundle b = getIntent().getExtras(); ski_center=b.getString("data_1"); what methods should I need to change in MainScreen and in OtherScreen in IOS to achieve the above. Basically I will have 3 buttons lets say in my MainScreen and each of it will open the Otherview but each time a different parameter will be passed. Foe example for each button i have code like these in MainScreen.m @synthesize fl; -(IBAction) ifl:(id) sender { } So I need your help in where to place the "missing" code, too.

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• rails data aggregation

  - by ash34

  Hi, I have to create a hash of the form h[:bill] = ["Billy", "NA", 20, "PROJ_A"] by login where 20 is the cumulative number of hours reported by the login for all task transactions returned by the query where each login has multiple reported transactions. Did I do this in a bad way or this seems alright. h = Hash.new Task.find_each(:include => [:user], :joins => :user, :conditions => ["from_date >= ? AND from_date <= ? AND category = ?", Date.today - 30, Date.today + 30, 'PROJ1']) do |t| h[t.login.intern] = [t.user.name, 'NA', h[t.login.intern].nil? ? (t.hrs_per_day * t.num_days) : h[t.login.intern][2] + (t.hrs_day * t.workdays), t.category] end Also if I have to aggregate this data not just by login but login and category how do I accomplish this? thanks, ash

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• Linux Kernel - Adding field to task_struct

  - by Drex

  I'm playing around with the linux kernel and added a struct field to the task_struct in sched.h. I know that can be costly but my struct is very small. I then initialize the new struct in INIT_TASK() and also re-initialize in fork.c copy_process() function so that when the INIT task or any other task creates a new process the process gets the init values. What then happens is when I try to run the kernel I get a SEGFAULT. The gdb error is: Locating the bottom of the address space ... Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x08066ad7 in page_ok (page=) at arch/um/os-Linux/sys-i386/task_size.c:31 31 n = *address; It looks like it fails out in task_size. Is there anything else I need to do to add a field to task_struct?

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• Catching KeyboardInterrupt when working with PyGame

  - by Sebastian P.

  I have written a small Python application where I use PyGame for displaying some simple graphics. I have a somewhat simple PyGame loop going in the base of my application, like so: stopEvent = Event() # Just imagine that this eventually sets the stopEvent # as soon as the program is finished with its task. disp = SortDisplay(algorithm, stopEvent) def update(): """ Update loop; updates the screen every few seconds. """ while True: stopEvent.wait(options.delay) disp.update() if stopEvent.isSet(): break disp.step() t = Thread(target=update) t.start() while not stopEvent.isSet(): for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: stopEvent.set() It works all fine and dandy for the normal program termination; if the PyGame window gets closed, the application closes; if the application finishes its task, the application closes. The trouble I'm having is, if I Ctrl-C in the Python console, the application throws a KeyboardInterrupt, but keeps on running. The question would therefore be: What have I done wrong in my update loop, and how do I rectify it so a KeyboardInterrupt causes the application to terminate?

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• Rails table inheritance issue

  - by Tristan O'Neil

  I've setup some models in the table inheritance fashion and everything seems to be all fine and dandy. But, when I use a collection select field to select values from one of the models it saves it but it saves the ID of the data and not the actual value of the data. So when I try to display the value on the show view it just shows the corresponding ID and not the actual value. Here is my setup. I'm using formtastic as a side note. View <%= show_field "County", @company.county %> Form <%= f.input :county, :label => 'County', :as => :select, :collection => County.find(:all) %> Base Model class Tag < ActiveRecord::Base before_create :set_type before_update :set_type attr_accessible :type, :name, :category belongs_to :company def set_type self.type = self.category end end Inherited Model class County < Tag end

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• Application disappears after starting - C++ linking managed code dll

  - by Axarydax

  Hello, we have a problem with our applications. We have recently upgraded our toolchain to Visual Studio 2010 and friends, it all works fine on Windows Vista + Windows 7 developer machines and Windows 7 customer machines. (all x86) Today we did a first installation to a client PC running Windows XP SP3 x86, and all applications linking managed code dll do not work. After starting the .exe seemingly nothing happens, no window pops up, no memory gets eaten, no task shows in task manager, nothing, nada. Event log is empty, everything is just as if the application returned to the OS right after the start. I am at loss about this, I really don't know how should I start even debugging this problem. I don't want to install VS2010 and everything onto a Windows XP box, I'd like to try something less time intensive first. This all is happening just to native C++ apps that link managed c++ DLL. Pure managed C# apps do work. Pure native C++ apps do work.

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• How do I find the user that has both a cat and a dog?

  - by brad

  I want to do a search across 2 tables that have a many-to-one relationship, eg class User << ActiveRecord::Base has_many :pets end class Pet << ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :users end Now let's say I have some data like so users id name 1 Bob 2 Joe 3 Brian pets id user_id animal 1 1 cat 2 1 dog 3 2 cat 4 3 dog What I want to do is create an active record query that will return a user that has both a cat and a dog (i.e. user 1 - Bob). My attempt at this so far is User.joins(:pets).where('pets.animal = ? AND pets.animal = ?','dog','cat') Now I understand why this doesn't work - it's looking for a pet that is both a dog and a cat so returns nothing. I don't know how to modify this to give me the answer I want however. Does anyone have any suggestions? This seems like it should be easy - it doesn't seem like an especially unusual situation.

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• Whats the deal with python?

  - by gmatt

  My interests in programming lie mainly in algorithms, and lately I have seen many reputable researchers write a lot of their code in python. How easy and convenient is python for scientific computing? Does it have a library of algorithms that compares to matlab's? Is Python a scripting language or does it compile? Is it a great language for prototyping an algorithm? How long would it take me to learn enough of it to be productive provided I know C well and OO programming somewhat? Is it OO based? Sorry for the condensed format of questions, but I'm very curious and was hoping a more experienced programmer could help me out.

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• Examples of when to use PageAsyncTask (Asynchronous asp.net pages)

  - by Tony_Henrich

  From my understanding from reading about ASP.NET asynchronous pages, the method which executes when the asynchronous task begins ALWAYS EXECUTES between the prerender and the pre-render Complete events. So because the page's controls' events run between the page's load and prerender events, is it true that whatever the begin task handler (handler for BeginAsync below) produces, it can't be used in the controls' events? So for example, if the handler gets data from a database, the data can't be used in any of the controls' postback events? Would you bind data to a data control after prerender? PageAsyncTask pat = new PageAsyncTask(BeginAsync, EndAsync, null, null, true); this.RegisterAsyncTask(pat);

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• Methodology for a Rails app

  - by Aaron Vegh

  I'm undertaking a rather large conversion from a legacy database-driven Windows app to a Rails app. Because of the large number of forms and database tables involved, I want to make sure I've got the right methodology before getting too far. My chief concern is minimizing the amount of code I have to write. There are many models that interact together, and I want to make sure I'm using them correctly. Here's a simplified set of models: class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :PatientAddresses has_many :PatientFileStatuses end class PatientAddress < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :Patient end class PatientFileStatus < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :Patient end The controller determines if there's a Patient selected; everything else is based on that. In the view, I will be needing data from each of these models. But it seems like I have to write an instance variable in my controller for every attribute that I want to use. So I start writing code like this: @patient = Patient.find(session[:patient]) @patient_addresses = @patient.PatientAddresses @patient_file_statuses = @patient.PatientFileStatuses @enrollment_received_when = @patient_file_statuses[0].EnrollmentReceivedWhen @consent_received = @patient_file_statuses[0].ConsentReceived @consent_received_when = @patient_file_statuses[0].ConsentReceivedWhen The first three lines grab the Patient model and its relations. The next three lines are examples of my providing values to the view from one of those relations. The view has a combination of text fields and select fields to show the data above. For example: <%= select("patientfilestatus", "ConsentReceived", {"val1"="val1", "val2"="val2", "Written"="Written"}, :include_blank=true )% <%= calendar_date_select_tag "patient_file_statuses[EnrollmentReceivedWhen]", @enrollment_complete_when, :popup=:force % (BTW, the select tag isn't really working; I think I have to use collection_select?) My questions are: Do I have to manually declare the value of every instance variable in the controller, or can/should I do it within the view? What is the proper technique for displaying a select tag for data that's not the primary model? When I go to save changes to this form, will I have to manually pick out the attributes for each model and save them individually? Or is there a way to name the fields such that ActiveRecord does the right thing? Thanks in advance, Aaron.

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• Hiredis waiting for message

  - by Vivek Goel

  I am using hiredis C library to connect to redis server. I am not able to figure out how to wait for new messages after subscribing to new message. My code look like: signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN ); struct event_base *base = event_base_new(); redisAsyncContext *c = redisAsyncConnect("127.0.0.1", 6379); if (c->err) { /* Let *c leak for now... */ printf("Error: %s\n", c->errstr); return 1; } redisLibeventAttach(c, base); redisAsyncSetConnectCallback(c, connectCallback); redisAsyncSetDisconnectCallback(c, disconnectCallback); redisAsyncCommand(c, NULL, NULL, "SET key %b", argv[argc - 1], strlen(argv[argc - 1])); redisAsyncCommand(c, getCallback, (char*) "end-1", "GET key"); redisAsyncCommand(c, getCallback, (char*) "end-1", "SUBSCRIBE foo"); Now how to tell hiredis to wait for message on channel ?

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• Excel Add-in memory explosion

  - by tsinik

  I wrote a small .NET add in to excel 2007 that read data from external c++ api and display it inside an excel. The task manager shows that I'm having a memory leak (the memory usage is inflate linearly up to 250MB after whitch it throws an "Excel cannot complete this task with available resources error") but the problem disappears as soon as I minimize the excel window. The api uses delegates to return data and I update it into a dictionary. another thread is updating the excel from the dictionary every second. It is unlikely that the unmanaged code is responsible of the leak. Does anybody have an idea what can cause this? 10x!

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• Patterns for dynamic CMS components (event driven?)

  - by CitrusTree

  Sorry my title is not great, this is my first real punt at moving 100% to OO as I've been procedural for more years than I can remember. I'm finding it hard to understand if what I'm trying to do is possible. Depending on people's thoughts on the 2 following points, I'll go down that route. The CMS I'm putting together is quote small, however focuses very much on different types of content. I could easily use Drupal which I'm very comfortable with, but I want to give myself a really good reasons to move myself into design patterns / OO-PHP 1) I have created a base 'content' class which I wish to be able to extend to handle different types of content. The base class, for example, handles HTML content, and extensions might handle XML or PDF output instead. On the other hand, at some point I may wish to extend the base class for a given project completely. I.e. if class 'content-v2' extended class 'content' for that site, any calls to that class should actually call 'content-v2' instead. Is that possible? If the code instantiates an object of type 'content' - I actually want it to instantiate one of type 'content-v2'... I can see how to do it using inheritance, but that appears to involve referring to the class explicitly, I can't see how to link the class I want it to use instead dynamically. 2) Secondly, the way I'm building this at the moment is horrible, I'm not happy with it. It feels very linear indeed - i.e. get session details get content build navigation theme page publish. To do this all the objects are called 1-by-1 which is all very static. I'd like it to be more dynamic so that I can add to it at a later date (very closely related to first question). Is there a way that instead of my orchestrator class calling all the other classes 1-by-1, then building the whole thing up at the end, that instead each of the other classes can 'listen' for specific events, then at the applicable point jump in and do their but? That way the orchestrator class would not need to know what other classes were required, and call them 1-by-1. Sorry if I've got this all twisted in my head. I'm trying to build this so it's really flexible.

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• are C functions declared in <c____> headers guaranteed to be in the global namespace as well as std?

  - by Evan Teran

  So this is something that I've always wondered but was never quite sure about. So it is strictly a matter of curiosity, not a real problem. As far as I understand, what you do something like #include <cstdlib> everything (except macros of course) are declared in the std:: namespace. Every implementation that I've ever seen does this by doing something like the following: #include <stdlib.h> namespace std { using ::abort; // etc.... } Which of course has the effect of things being in both the global namespace and std. Is this behavior guaranteed? Or is it possible that an implementation could put these things in std but not in the global namespace? The only way I can think of to do that would be to have your libstdc++ implement every c function itself placing them in std directly instead of just including the existing libc headers (because there is no mechanism to remove something from a namespace). Which is of course a lot of effort with little to no benefit. The essence of my question is, is the following program strictly conforming and guaranteed to work? #include <cstdio> int main() { ::printf("hello world\n"); } EDIT: The closest I've found is this (17.4.1.2p4): Except as noted in clauses 18 through 27, the contents of each header cname shall be the same as that of the corresponding header name.h, as specified in ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Programming Languages C (Clause 7), or ISO/IEC:1990 Programming Languages—C AMENDMENT 1: C Integrity, (Clause 7), as appropriate, as if by inclusion. In the C + + Standard Library, however, the declarations and definitions (except for names which are defined as macros in C) are within namespace scope (3.3.5) of the namespace std. which to be honest I could interpret either way. "the contents of each header cname shall be the same as that of the corresponding header name.h, as specified in ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Programming Languages C" tells me that they may be required in the global namespace, but "In the C + + Standard Library, however, the declarations and definitions (except for names which are defined as macros in C) are within namespace scope (3.3.5) of the namespace std." says they are in std (but doesn't specify any other scoped they are in).

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• Where is a Web Development Career fueled by Passion? [closed]

  - by JMC Creative

  Quick Background Since learning basic html 5 years ago, I've become completely obsessed with the technology, the logic, and the thrill of solving problems involved with building websites. I am still stuck at a thoroughly non-programming type job, but would really like to move into the field of web programming/design. I have no educational background in the field (was trained as a fine artist and tutor), but in the past few years have progressed fully self-taught (and self-motivated) from html to css to php, mysql, jquery, and am now building rich web applications. The Question How can I prove to a company that even though I have no education, I have a passion to learn whatever is thrown my way? ...That essentially I would come at every issue with not only knowledge, but with a passionate desire to solve it, whether that means tackling a new language or debugging code for hours at a time? p.s. Sorry for the stupid title.

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• set map in google maps with TimerTask

  - by Chad White

  I would like to change the Position of the map in google maps v2 But Ive done it in a TimerTask ... target, zoom, bearing and so on and it says "IllegalStateException - not on the main thread What should I do? Any help? class Task extends TimerTask { @Override public void run() { CameraPosition cameraPosition = new CameraPosition.Builder() .target(Zt) // Sets the center of the map to Mountain View .zoom(12) // Sets the zoom .bearing(180) // Sets the orientation of the camera to east .tilt(30) // Sets the tilt of the camera to 30 degrees .build(); // Creates a CameraPosition from the builder mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newCameraPosition(cameraPosition)); } } Timer timer = new Timer(); timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Task(), 0, 20000);

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• C# - LINQ Statements with OR clauses

  - by user70192

  Hello, I am trying to use LINQ to return a list of tasks that are in one of three states. These states are: 10 - Completed 11 - Incomplete 12 - Skipped The state is available through a property called "TaskStateID". I can do this in LINQ with just one state as shown here: var filteredTasks = from task in tasks select task; // Do stuff with filtered tasks string selectedComboBoxValue = GetFilterComboBoxValue(); if (selected ComboBoxValue == 3) { filteredTasks = filteredTasks.Where(p => p.TaskStateID == 10); // How do I use an 'OR' here to say p.TaskStateID == 10 OR p.TaskStateID == 11 OR p.TaskStateID == 12 } As shown in the comment above, how do I use an 'OR' in a LINQ statement to say p.TaskStateID == 10 OR p.TaskStateID == 11 OR p.TaskStateID == 12? Thank you

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• Is this possible with Sql 2005 CTE?

  - by aenima1982

  I have been working on a query that will return a suggested start date for a manufacturing line based on due date and the number of minutes needed to complete the task. There is a calendar table(LINE_ID, CALENDAR_DATE, SCHEDULED_MINUTES) that displays per manufacturing line, the number of minutes scheduled for that day. Example: (Usually 3 shifts worth of time scheduled per day, no weekends but can vary) 1, 06/8/2010 00:00:00.000, 1440 1, 06/7/2010 00:00:00.000, 1440 1, 06/6/2010 00:00:00.000, 0 1, 06/5/2010 00:00:00.000, 0 1, 06/4/2010 00:00:00.000, 1440 In order to get the suggested start date, I need to start with the due date and iterate downward through the days until i have accumulated enough time to complete the task. My Question can something like this be done with CTE, or is this something that should be handled by a cursor. Or... am i just going about this the wrong way completely??

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• C++: Trouble with Pointers, loop variables, and structs

  - by Rosarch

  Consider the following example: #include <iostream> #include <sstream> #include <vector> #include <wchar.h> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; struct odp { int f; wchar_t* pstr; }; int main() { vector<odp> vec; ostringstream ss; wchar_t base[5]; wcscpy_s(base, L"1234"); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) { odp foo; foo.f = i; wchar_t loopStr[1]; foo.pstr = loopStr; // wchar_t* = wchar_t ? Why does this work? foo.pstr[0] = base[i]; vec.push_back(foo); } for (vector<odp>::iterator iter = vec.begin(); iter != vec.end(); iter++) { cout << "Vec contains: " << iter->f << ", " << *(iter->pstr) << endl; } } This produces: Vec contains: 0, 52 Vec contains: 1, 52 Vec contains: 2, 52 Vec contains: 3, 52 I would hope that each time, iter->f and iter->pstr would yield a different result. Unfortunately, iter->pstr is always the same. My suspicion is that each time through the loop, a new loopStr is created. Instead of copying it into the struct, I'm only copying a pointer. The location that the pointer writes to is getting overwritten. How can I avoid this? Is it possible to solve this problem without allocating memory on the heap?

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• c++ "interface"-like classes similar to Java?

  - by William the Coderer

  In Java, you can define an interface as a class with no actual code implementation, but only to define the methods that a class must implement. Those types can be passed as parameters to methods and returned from methods. In C++, a pure virtual class can't be used as a parameter or return type, from what I can tell. Any way to mimic Java's interface classes? I have a string class in C++, and several subclasses for different encodings (like UTFxxx, ISOxxx, etc) that derive from the base string class. However, since there are so many different encodings, the base class has no meaningful implementation. But it would serve well as an interface if I could handle it as its own object and calls to that object would call on the correct subclass it was inherited to.

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• validate uniqueness amongst multiple subclasses with Single Table Inheritance

  - by irkenInvader

  I have a Card model that has many Sets and a Set model that has many Cards through a Membership model: class Card < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :memberships has_many :sets, :through => :memberships end class Membership < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :card belongs_to :set validates_uniqueness_of :card_id, :scope => :set_id end class Set < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :memberships has_many :cards, :through => :memberships validates_presence_of :cards end I also have some sub-classes of the above using Single Table Inheritance: class FooCard < Card end class BarCard < Card end and class Expansion < Set end class GameSet < Set validates_size_of :cards, :is => 10 end All of the above is working as I intend. What I'm trying to figure out is how to validate that a Card can only belong to a single Expansion. I want the following to be invalid: some_cards = FooCard.all( :limit => 25 ) first_expansion = Expansion.new second_expansion = Expansion.new first_expansion.cards = some_cards second_expansion.cards = some_cards first_expansion.save # Valid second_expansion.save # **Should be invalid** However, GameSets should allow this behavior: other_cards = FooCard.all( :limit => 10 ) first_set = GameSet.new second_set = GameSet.new first_set.cards = other_cards # Valid second_set.cards = other_cards # Also valid I'm guessing that a validates_uniqueness_of call is needed somewhere, but I'm not sure where to put it. Any suggestions? UPDATE 1 I modified the Expansion class as sugested: class Expansion < Set validate :validates_uniqueness_of_cards def validates_uniqueness_of_cards membership = Membership.find( :first, :include => :set, :conditions => [ "card_id IN (?) AND sets.type = ?", self.cards.map(&:id), "Expansion" ] ) errors.add_to_base("a Card can only belong to a single Expansion") unless membership.nil? end end This works when creating initial expansions to validate that no current expansions contain the cards. However, this (falsely) invalidates future updates to the expansion with new cards. In other words: old_exp = Expansion.find(1) old_exp.card_ids # returns [1,2,3,4,5] new_exp = Expansion.new new_exp.card_ids = [6,7,8,9,10] new_exp.save # returns true new_exp.card_ids << [11,12] # no other Expansion contains these cards new_exp.valid? # returns false ... SHOULD be true

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• Programmatically dial a series of numbers on a modem?

  - by Nathan Long

  At work, we just got a large number exotic cellular devices that need to be programmed. To do this, you plug in a standard home telephone and dial a series of numbers, with pauses between them. To me, this is a task that begs to be automated, and we've got one Linux desktop (a test Asterisk machine) with a modem on it. Does anybody know an easy way to approach this task? I could install Ruby or Python on that desktop. I also know PHP, but I'm not sure how to run it outside of a server setup, and it seems silly to install Apache for this.

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