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• Tell the kernel to strongly cache a particular directory

  - by silviot

  This question is a rephrasing of Optimizing EXT4 performance. I have a directory that contains build files, most very small, but totaling 5.6G. I usually access the same subset of files (some thousands, for some tens of megabytes) over and over again. The subset changes daily (different projects, different versions of libraries). What takes longer when I use it seem to be disk seeks. For example if I do a du twice the second time it takes as much time as the first, and disk activity is similar. Ideally I'd like to tell the kernel to allocate X Mb to the metadata and Y to data in the folder, like the options for nfs cache. Is it possible in some way, other than mounting nfs from localhost and caching it to a ramdisk?

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• Daemon for moving files between partitions?

  - by RATHI

  I have a system with Ubuntu installed in 20GB and windows in 100 GB, two partitions - each of 100GB using NTFS. While using DC++ (multiple downloading of big file) I used to get message that system is running out of memory. Is there any way to make a deamon which will be checking the Ubuntu partition so that if its used space goes up to a certain amount (let's say 18 GB) it will automatically start a moving file from this drive to another drive (let's assume it will pick the file from movie folder or largest media file from this drive to move)? Or it prompt to ask from user which file to move? Is there any program which can do this for me? If not, can you suggest something to read so that I could make it?

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• Is full partition encryption the only sure way to make Ubuntu safe from external access?

  - by fred.bear

  (By "external access", I mean eg. via a Live CD, or another OS on the same dual-boot machine) A friend wants to try Ubuntu. He's fed up with Vista grinding to a crawl (the kids? :), so he likes the "potential" security offered by Ubuntu, but because the computer will be multi-booting Ubuntu (primary) and 2 Vistas (one for him, if he ever needs it again, and the other one for the kids to screw up (again). However, he is concerned about any non-Ubuntu access to the Ubuntu partitions (and also to his Vista partition)... I believe TrueCrypt will do the job for his Vista, but I'd like to know what the best encryption system for Ubuntu is... If TrueCrypt works for Ubuntu, it may be the best option for him, as it would be the same look and feel for both. Ubuntu will be installed with 3 partitions; 1) root 2) home 3) swap.. Will Ubuntu's boot loader clash with TrueCrypt's encrypted partition? PS.. Is encryption a suitable solution?

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• Can't remove c:/ubuntu folder pleas help?

  - by user98978

  hi today i downloaded ubuntu with wubi-installer on my windows 7 machine but after restarting pc and booting in ubuntu installer my pc shuts down while installing because my laptops battery was gone empty i forgot to plug in my adapter so ubunutu fails to install, then i booted in windows 7 to uninstall ubuntu from add/remove programs en reainstall but the uninstaller did not fully remove the files i still have i folder in my c:/ubuntu when i double click on that folder my explorer.exe stops responding and than i need to open the task manager to kill the explorer.exe procces and restart it and right clicking does the same thing i cant do anyting with c:/ubuntu folder to reinstall ubuntu with wubi i have used unlocker1.9 to remove the folder but i get an error saying Error 0x8007045D: The request could not be performed because of an I/O device error HUH ! please help please :( EDIT: Okay i fixed my problem after following this instruction ! i don't understand why you people did not ask me to do this but it's okay i forgive you my poeple LoL !

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• My Computer in Ubuntu?

  - by Casey Hungler

  I was wondering if Ubuntu has an equivalent to the Windows feature "My Computer", which lists all available drives/storage devices. Typically, My Computer shows C:, which can be opened to view all of your directories and files. At this point, it is very similar to Ubuntu's Home Folder, but I am looking for something that allows me to view/select all available HDD's/Partitions. Here's my reason: I found a 6gb IDE HDD in my basement, and got an IDE cable for it. My desktop computer has a SATA drive in it, but has an IDE slot, so I wanted to plug it in and see what might be on it. The drive seems to be recognized in BIOS, but I can't find it in Ubuntu to view files, and Ubuntu is the only OS on that particular computer. If anyone has any ideas as to how to view the contents of that drive WITHOUT formatting it or tampering with the contents in any way, I would greatly appreciate your help. Thanks in advance!

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• How to check if my installation of ubuntu is alright?

  - by Likhon

  I recently changed the size of the partition that contained my Ubuntu installation using gparted from a live CD. I also moved it from one place to another. It was my first time and I hit the cancel button during my first try. I completed the task in my second try. But now I see that the size of the "computer" folder has shrinked by 2GB. Now I want to know if the system files are alright as I have backed up my files from the home folder before. How do I do that? Thanks in advance.

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• How to disable or tune filesystem cache sharing for OpenVZ?

  - by gertvdijk

  For OpenVZ, an example of container-based virtualization, it seems that host and all guests are sharing the filesystem cache. This sounds paradoxical when talking about virtualization, but this is actually a feature of OpenVZ. It makes sense too. Because only one kernel is running, it's possible to benefit from sharing the same pages of filesystem cache in memory. And while it sounds beneficial, I think a set up here actually suffers in performance from it. Here's why I think why: my machines aren't actually sharing any files on disk so I can't benefit from this feature in OpenVZ. Several OpenVZ machines are running MySQL with MyISAM tables. MyISAM relies on the system's filesystem cache for caching of data files, unlike InnoDB's buffer pool. Also some virtual machines are known to do heavy and large I/O operations on the same filesystem in the host. For example, when running cat *.MYD > /dev/null on some large database in one machine, I saw the filesystem cache lowering in another, monitored by htop. This essentially flushes all the useful filesystem cache in guests (FIFO) and so it flushes the MySQL caches in the guests. Now users are complaining that MySQL is very slow. And it is. Some simple SELECT queries take several seconds on times disk I/O is heavily used by other machines. So, simply put: Is there a way to avoid filesystem cache being wiped out by other virtual machines in container-based virtualization? Some thoughts: Choosing algorithm for flushing filesystem cache in the kernel. (possible? how?) Reserving a certain amount of pages for a single VM. (seems no option for filesystem cache type of pages that reading man vzctl) Will running MySQL on another filesystem get me anywhere? If not, I think my alternatives are: Use KVM for MySQL-MyISAM running VMs. KVM actually assigns memory to the VM and does not allow swapping out caches unless using a balloon driver. Move to InnoDB and tune the buffer pools, dirty pages, etc. This is now considered to be 'nice to have' on the long-term as not everyone responsible for administration of the system understands InnoDB. more suggestions welcome. System software: Proxmox (now 1.9, could be upgraded to 2.x). One big LV assigned for the VMs.

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• Wear and tear on server hard drive from filesystem polling by PHP script

  - by jackie

  So I'm working on a discussion platform, and various clients will visit http://host/thread.php, which will render the discussion thread to date in addition to a form to submit a new post. When a new post is submitted, I would like all of the other clients with browser windows open to have it appear in near-real-time. One of the constraints of my script is that it may not use a DBMS and it must stay in the filesystem. Additionally, I can't use any PECL/PEAR extensions like inotify or anything like that for IPC. The flow will look like this: Client A requests thread.php and the thread is so far empty, but nonetheless it opens a Server-Side Event at eventPusher.php. Client B does the same. Client A fills out a post in the form and and submits (POSTs) it to subHandler.php. ??? (subHandler stores the new submission into the main thread storefile which gets read from when a fresh, new client requests thread.php, in addition to somehow signalling to the continually-running eventPusher event-source that a new comment was posted and that it should echo the event-json to the client. How, exactly, it will send this signal I'm yet unsure of, but there are a few options that I've thought of -- this is the crux of the question, so see below for more clarification) eventPusher.php happily pushes the new event to the client and it shows up soon after it was originally submitted on all clients who have the page open's screens. Now for the #4 missing-link mystery-step, I see a few problems. I mean, either way, eventPusher is gonna be doing a while loop of some sort -- it's gonna be polling something, I think that much is clear. (If that's a bad assumption please do let me know.) Now, the simplest way would be subHandler gets invoked on the form submission, writes it to the main store in addition to newComments.xml, then exits without doing anything else. Then eventPusher checks in newComments.xml every X seconds (by the way, what would be a reasonable time interval here?) and if it finds something then it emits an event to the client. Now, my fear with this is that the server's hard drive will have to constantly start spinning up. Maybe this isn't the case, perhaps it would just get cached in RAM and the linux kernel would take care of this transparently such that filesystem access doesn't actually engage the device because the kernel knows that that particular file hasn't changed since last read. * idea #2: I have no idea how to go about this, but perhaps there is a variable scope that gets stored in general RAM on the system which can be read by any process. Like if we mega-exported a bash variable so that $new_post is normally false but it gets toggled to true by subHandler, and then back to flase once it's pushed to the client. I doubt there's such a variable scope in PHP directly, but I struggle with the concept of variable scope, I just can't seem to understand it no matter what I read on it. * idea #3: eventPusher queries ps in its whileloop for another instance of itself. If there's not another eventPusher active then it's highly unlikely that new comments will be getting submitted. It's okay if this only works =90% of the time, it doesn't need to be completely foolproof. * idea #4: eventPusher queries DMESG to see if that file's been written to recently. So to sum everything up, I need to have inter-php-script-communication in near-real-time that will work on a standard mod_php shared hosting setup without any elevated privileges, PHP addon modules, or other system adjustments that can't be done from the PHP script itself at runtime. With*out* spinning up the drive more than a few times. No SQL servers either. Apologies if my english isn't the best, I'm still trying to improve on it.

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• Setting Mercurial's execute bit on Windows

  - by Joe

  I work on a Mercurial repository that is checked out onto an Unix filesystem such as ext3 on some machines, and FAT32 on others. In Subversion, I can set the svn:executable property to control whether a file should be marked executable when checked out on a platform that supports such a bit. I can do this regardless of the platform I'm running SVN on or the filesystem containing my working copy. In Mercurial, I can chmod +x to get the same effect if the clone is on a Unix filesystem. But how can I set (or remove) the executable bit on a file on a FAT filesystem?

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• Cannot enable network discovery on Windows Server 2008 R2

  - by dariom

  I'm trying to enable the Network Discovery feature on a newly installed Windows Server 2008 R2 instance. The network connection is in the Home or Work profile (it is not domain joined). These are the steps I've followed: Within the Network and Sharing Center I select Change advanced sharing settings Then I select the Turn on network discovery option for the current network profile (Home or Work) I then click Save changes If I then go back to the Advanced sharing settings screen the Turn off network discovery option is selected and the machine is not visible to others within the Network node in Windows Explorer. Things I've checked: I can ping the server and connect to it using the machine name/IP address. The Windows Firewall has exceptions for Network Discovery for both Private and Public networks. File and Printer sharing is enabled and I can transfer files to/from the server by connecting to the server using a UNC path. What am I missing here?

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• Installing Fedora 11 fIlesystem from ISO in to a VM image

  - by okhalid

  Hi, I need to install Fedora 11 in my monitor-less linux box which is running some where in a data center. I will use Fedora 11 as a virtual machine. What I already know/have: 1) How to create LVM partitions and create ext3 filesystem 2) Mount the LVM partition and ISO image 3) Run the partition with Xen as a virtual machine What I need: 1) I need to install Fedora ll file system into an lvm partition (let's say /dev/fedora11) from an ISO image so that I have all the directories /root, /bin, /sys etc etc under /dev/fedora11 Any help would be much appreciated! NOTE: I don't have a monitor for this server, so I need to do it via SSH

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• best filesystem for an aws s3 like service

  - by gucki

  Hi! I need to build a fault tolerant, highly available key/value storage (no posix, only same functionaluty as S3) using cheap existing hardware. The storage should be able to handle several billions of items. The maximum size of items is around 1GB, most are only several KB. What's the best software/ filesystem for this task? I already had a brief look at mogilefs, mongodb (grid-fs) & glusterfs but I'm not really sure which is stable & fault tolerant enough. The simpler the setup and later expansion the better :). Corin

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• Unknown filesystem Grub rescue error

  - by Dewish Salik

  I have a lenovo z570, and i installed ubuntu 12.04 alongside with my windows 7. Recently all my games ive been playing, stop responding due to a AppCrash. I searched it on google and they said it had something to do with ubuntu. So i deleted the partition. After restarting my laptop i get the: unknown filesystem grub rescue error. I tried using a windows cd to boot, but it cant. Please HELP!! If you got something please comment or send to [email protected] Thanx in advance

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• Read video from dvd in RAW filesystem

  - by kpinhack

  Hallo, i've got some dvds that were recorded on a dvd recorder. I can not read those dvds on windows PCs (i tried multiple PCs). The properties of the discs say that the filesystem of the disc is RAW and i think that is the reason why windows does not read the disc. If that is true, what can i do to read the dvds ? Or what else could be the problem ? EDIT: The windows PCs i tried play back regular DVDs without any problem, and the "RAW" dvds recorded with the dvd recorder will not play on a standalone dvd player. Thank you!

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• OS X 10.6 won't automatically connect to wireless even though remember network is checked

  - by Hendy

  Upgraded to 10.6 recently. 10.5 would connect to my home network whenever I was home. 10.6 constantly pops up the network selection dialog and asks me what network I want to join. I click my home network and the password is already entered (so it "remembers" the network). "Remember network" is checked... but it does it every time. How do I get 10.6 to connect to networks automatically whenever it sees them?

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• Apache Error Log - "Web Path" instead of Filesystem Path

  - by Craconia

  Hello everyone, I'm running Apache on Linux and I'm using OpenSSH to provide SFTP access to some customers so they can upload their pages and also look at their respective site logs (access & error). I'm using the new feature in OpenSSH to chroot their SFTP access and so far so good. My problem is that on the error_log, every reference for "File not found..." is given using the OS filesystem path as opposed to the "Web" path. I'd rather have the web path on the error log in order not to reveal the OS path. Since I'm already chrooting the users, I don't want to reveal WHERE on the OS their files are actually located... Is it possible to change this behaviour via any directive? I tried looking for it but couldn't find anything :( Thanks, Craconia

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• Creating a filesystem on a file in linux for software development purposes

  - by David

  This question originally start at Superuser.com http://superuser.com/questions/130032/available-filesystems-for-linux-that-are-case-insensitive Summary: My client has a PHP web application that was written and is served from a Windows environments. Unfortunately the past developer didn't obey naming conventions so file includes are of the form "/file/At/SomethingHere.php" when on disk the path is actually "/File/at/Somethinghere.php". I do not want to use Windows for development but the filesystems I use (ext2, ext3 ) are case sensitive. I think the solution will be to create a filesystem like FAT 32 or similar, but I am somewhat clueless how to accomplish that. Starting to read up on DD and fdisk to figure out if those are the correct tools I will need.

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• bond0 and xen = crash

  - by Rajat

  Bonding with xen 1 - Stop all guests. Reboot dom0 after running "chkconfig xend off" and "chkconfig xendomains off". 2 - Configure bond0 by enslaving eth0 and eth1 to it. I added the below two entries to /etc/modprobe.conf. alias bond0 bonding options bond0 mode=6,miimon=100 Content of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none Content of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes BOOTPROTO=none Content of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 IPADDR= NETMASK= ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static USERCTL=no Did "modprobe bond0" and "service network restart" after that. 3 - Edit /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp Change (network-script network-bridge) To (network-script 'network-bridge netdev=bond0') 4 - Start xend. "service xend start". 5 - chkconfig xend on. 6 - modprode bond0 7 - more /proc/net/bonding/bond0 8 - Create guest images as usual and bridge it to xenbr0. about config i did for my xen kernel rhel 5.3 after i reboot the host server i get in place bond0 get pbond0 and its get disconnect from network only i ping to my vm's on the host server any one have any idea why xen bond0 is acting like that or what is solutions to come out of pbond0 to bond0.

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• GRUB error: unknown filesystem

  - by Ali

  I replaced my old laptop drive which was win7 and ubuntu dual boot with an SSD. Now I connected the old drive through a USB adapter and I want to boot from it. But this comes up: unknown filesystem grub rescue> As i need the programs from old drive I have to boot from it time to time and I don't want to install those software on the new drive. It takes so time to exchange the drives so I want to boot from USB. how can I fix this?

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• Mounting FTP as filesystem in debian using curlftpfs

  - by Karel Bílek

  I am trying to mount a FTP as filesystem in debian using curlftpfs. What I get after running curlftpfs -o allow_other username:[email protected] /mnt/myftp/ is just: fuse: failed to open /dev/fuse: Permission denied even when run as root. What am I doing wrong? (curlftpfs is in version curlftpfs 0.9.2 libcurl/7.21.0 fuse/2.8) edit: When I write ls -lah /dev/fuse, I see crw-rw---- 1 root fuse 10, 229 Apr 9 00:34 /dev/fuse ...but even when I add both myself and user root to group fuse, neither me (as a user) or user root can mount ftp, I still see fuse: failed to open /dev/fuse: Permission denied edit2: Even if I write this fairly insecure and crazy line: sudo chmod a+rwx /dev/fuse I still get the permission denied message. Which permissions could be denied? edit3: I forgot to mention I am on VPS with OpenVZ. I thought that there is no issue with this, but apparently, there is! I am adding the resolution as the answer.

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• Options for small windows network setup without dedicated server?

  - by Mitch

  I'm very weak on networking and hope someone can point me in the right direction: I have written some windows client/server software which incorporates a database which is located on a windows server. I have a test installation running at a customer's office where the server has a static IP address. In this case its easy for the clients to access the database because of the fixed IP address. Also, customers with network servers generally have specialist support staff to set up my software, so its not such a problem for me. However I also need to offer the software to customers who have small offices with less than 10 PCs and no dedicated network server. In this case I want the customer to be able to nominate one PC as the database "server" and install my software and have the clients access it. But in this situation I believe the "server" PC may not have a dedicated IP address. Q1: What is the best way to set this up simply and make it work? Can I reliably reference the "server" by using its name, or is there a way to assign dummy fixed IP addresses? Ideally this needs to be workable on small networks running a mixture of XP/Vista/Windows7 as my target market may well have mixed OSes etc. I guess this would be akin to home networking? Many thanks Mitch

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• after redmine install i see only the filesystem

  - by derty

  After installing redmine, i cann only access the filesystem! I reinstalled redmine 2-3 times in different ways. Used this "how to"s: http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/HowTo_Install_Redmine_using_Debian_package http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/HowTo_Install_Redmine_210_on_Debian_Squeeze_with_Apache_Passenger http://beeznest.wordpress.com/2012/09/20/installing-redmine-2-1-on-debian-squeeze-with-apache-modpassenger/ the webserver of 10.0.0.14 is going to be behind a reverse apache proxy. but for know i'm working directly in the system. This change wouldn't be a problem. I use this on a bunch of other services. The Database does exist and i can enter it. The configuration file config/database.yml is set up right, with the data i use to enter as redmineuser. So does one have an idea why it is not working like i wish?

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• Best filesystem choices for NFS storing VMware disk images

  - by mlambie

  Currently we use an iSCSI SAN as storage for several VMware ESXi servers. I am investigating the use of an NFS target on a Linux server for additional virtual machines. I am also open to the idea of using an alternative operating system (like OpenSolaris) if it will provide significant advantages. What Linux-based filesystem favours very large contiguous files (like VMware's disk images)? Alternatively, how have people found ZFS on OpenSolaris for this kind of workload? (This question was originally asked on SuperUser; feel free to migrate answers here if you know how).

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• Windows Server 2008 R2 Virtual Network Setup

  - by jpearl01

  Hi all, Some background: I'm very much new to networking in general, and virtualization in particular. I'm trying to set up a series of VMs as we are transitioning to a thin client setup. I have been supplied a limited number of static ip addresses. The server is located in an offsite building which houses the network we use to connect to the internet, share folders etc. The setup I've been trying to go for is this: The host OS (Windows Server 2008 R2) is bound to one nic using one of the static ips (say, Nic1 and ip 10.255.6.61). I've set up another external virtual network attached to another physical nic , and a virtual private network attached to no nic. There is one VM running the same os (as the host). This VM is connected to both the external virtual network (and uses another static ip say Nic2 and ip 10.255.6.62) and also to the virtual private network (I gave it a static random ip 192.168.88.1 subnet mask 255.255.255.0). This virtual private network is connected to all the other VMs. I'd like to share the internet connection with all the other VMs on the private virtual network, and so I installed the RRAS role on the server connected to Nic2, and selected the option to share the internet over the vpn. I've run through the RRAS wizard a few times, trying different configurations, but none of them seem to be letting the other vms connect to the 'net. The vms seem to connect to the virtual private network fine, they are assigned an ip address and everything, but no internet, and no rest of the network either. The other problem is in general I connect to the vms with RDP. Will that be possible with a setup like this? i.e. will the vms show up as computers on the network? If not, what are my other options? Thanks! ~josh

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• Why are certain folders in my XP network share really, really slow?

  - by bikefixxer

  I have a workgroup set up with Windows XP. My file "server" is running XP Pro and the clients are running XP home. I've turned simple file sharing off on the server because certain clients need access to certain folders and not to others, and I want to keep it that way. Therefore, I've used the granular sharing/security settings to enable certain clients access to certain folders. I'm using the net use command in a batch file on the clients to add the share when they logon so it's always available via a mapped drive or a shortcut. On some clients "My Documents" points to the mapped drive, but all of the local and application settings stay local. Everything works well except for accessing a certain folder on the network. It contains a lot of random batch files and self-executable programs I use for diagnostics and what not, and nearly every time I open the folder the computer hangs for 15-60 seconds. This happens on every machine, including the server (but not nearly as often as the clients). I've searched high and low and cannot figure it out and it's driving me crazy. Here are all the things I've tried to no avail: Disabled firewall (XP) and anti-virus (ESET NOD32) Deleted any desktop.ini file I can find in the share Disabled "automatically search for network folders and printers" Disabled "remember each folder's view settings" Set HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer NoRecentDocsNetHood = 1 Tried with mapped drives and with UNC shortcuts Ran CHKDSK Removed Read-Only attribute from all folders (well, tried to remove, it always came back on with a half check) Added the server's static IP to the hosts file on the clients I've tried monitoring the server's performance to see if anything makes sense. Occasionally the issue coincides with a spike in pages/sec (memory) but not always. Other than that, everything else seems normal. The anti-virus would seem to be the most likely cause to me considering the batch files and what not, but it still hangs when it is completely disabled. I'm at a loss and if anyone can help me with this I'd greatly appreciate it!

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