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• Restful client on Codeigniter issue

  - by user1852837

  This is weird. I don't know what is problem on my website. My website works on local server but not on live server. Login page works on first signin but after logout then re-login again message says: "invalid username and password" since it works on first attempt. I found out when I debugging that http://xxxxx.com/api/authentication/sign not found. It display 404 page not found. Sometimes you can login and sometimes not. In my local it works. I contact the web server admin and I ask what is the status of the session on the server and How does it execute it's web requests? (Sockets, file_get_contents, curl?). They said that No problems reproduced with Server Sessions and PHP Curl works fine. I know it's weird but can somebody here can figure it out what is the problem behind of it.

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• MySQL Query Problem

  - by user559744

  Hello guys, I'm getting following error message. Please help me. Thanks Notice: Trying to get property of non-object in C:\xampp\htdocs\my\include\user_functions.php on line 34 Here is my Code $conn = db_connection(); if($conn == false) { user_error('Unable to connect to database'); return false; } $query = "UPDATE user SET passwd = '".$new_passwd."' WHERE username = '".$username."' "; $result=$conn->query($query); if($result == false) { user_error('Query Error'.$conn->error); return false; } if($result->num_rows == 1) { echo 'Password changed'; } else { echo 'Failed '; } here is my db_connection function db_connection() { $db = new mysqli('localhost','root','','php_login'); if(!$db) { echo 'Could not connect to database server'; } else { return $db; } }

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• Apple in-app-purchase ALWAYS with 30 % for Apple?

  - by swalkner

  Hi all, I know that Apple keeps 30 % of the money I make with in-app-purchase. But does that always count? I mean, if there's a feature allowing the user to buy something with an SMS-message, is that allowed? If yes, does Apple also keep 30 % then? Or if I make a WebService-call with username/password and return something to the user then, is it possible to charge that call and keep the money for myself? I thougt that those are options which are not allowed, but there are some apps out there which exactly do it that way - are they only "lucky" and Apple didn't see that or is it allowed to sell services that way? Thanks a lot for your answers, Stefan

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• Tools and Utilities for the .NET Developer

  - by mbcrump

  Tweet this list! Add a link to my site to your bookmarks to quickly find this page again! Add me to twitter! This is a list of the tools/utilities that I use to do my job/hobby. I wanted this page to load fast and contain information that only you care about. If I have missed a tool that you like, feel free to contact me and I will add it to the list. Also, this list took a lot of time to complete. Please do not steal my work, if you like the page then please link back to my site. I will keep the links/information updated as new tools/utilities are created.  Windows/.NET Development – This is a list of tools that any Windows/.NET developer should have in his bag. I have used at some point in my career everything listed on this page and below is the tools worth keeping. Name Description License AnkhSVN Subversion support for Visual Studio. It also works with VS2010. Free Aurora XAML Designer One of the best XAML creation tools available. Has a ton of built in templates that you can copy/paste into VS2010. COST/Trial BeyondCompare Beyond Compare 3 is the ideal tool for comparing files and folders on your Windows or Linux system. Visualize changes in your code and carefully reconcile them. COST/Trial BuildIT Automated Task Tool Its main purpose is to automate tasks, whether it is the final packaging of a product, an automated daily build, maybe sending out a mailing list, even backing-up files. Free C Sharper for VB Convert VB to C#. COST CLRProfiler Analyze and improve the behavior of your .NET app. Free CodeRush Direct competitor to ReSharper, contains similar feature. This is one of those decide for yourself. COST/Trial Disk2VHD Disk2vhd is a utility that creates VHD (Virtual Hard Disk - Microsoft's Virtual Machine disk format) versions of physical disks for use in Microsoft Virtual PC or Microsoft Hyper-V virtual machines (VMs). Free Eazfuscator.NET Is a free obfuscator for .NET. The main purpose is to protect intellectual property of software. Free EQATEC Profiler Make your .NET app run faster. No source code changes are needed. Just point the profiler to your app, run the modified code, and get a visual report. COST Expression Studio 3/4 Comes with Web, Blend, Sketch Flow and more. You can create websites, produce beautiful XAML and more. COST/Trial Expresso The award-winning Expresso editor is equally suitable as a teaching tool for the beginning user of regular expressions or as a full-featured development environment for the experienced programmer or web designer with an extensive knowledge of regular expressions. Free Fiddler Fiddler is a web debugging proxy which logs all HTTP(s) traffic between your computer and the internet. Free Firebug Powerful Web development tool. If you build websites, you will need this. Free FxCop FxCop is an application that analyzes managed code assemblies (code that targets the .NET Framework common language runtime) and reports information about the assemblies, such as possible design, localization, performance, and security improvements. Free GAC Browser and Remover Easy way to remove multiple assemblies from the GAC. Assemblies registered by programs like Install Shield can also be removed. Free GAC Util The Global Assembly Cache tool allows you to view and manipulate the contents of the global assembly cache and download cache. Free HelpScribble Help Scribble is a full-featured, easy-to-use help authoring tool for creating help files from start to finish. You can create Win Help (.hlp) files, HTML Help (.chm) files, a printed manual and online documentation (on a web site) all from the same Help Scribble project. COST/Trial IETester IETester is a free Web Browser that allows you to have the rendering and JavaScript engines of IE9 preview, IE8, IE7 IE 6 and IE5.5 on Windows 7, Vista and XP, as well as the installed IE in the same process. Free iTextSharp iText# (iTextSharp) is a port of the iText open source java library for PDF generation written entirely in C# for the .NET platform. Use the iText mailing list to get support. Free Kaxaml Kaxaml is a lightweight XAML editor that gives you a "split view" so you can see both your XAML and your rendered content. Free LINQPad LinqPad lets you interactively query databases in a LINQ. Free Linquer Many programmers are familiar with SQL and will need a help in the transition to LINQ. Sometimes there are complicated queries to be written and Linqer can help by converting SQL scripts to LINQ. COST/Trial LiquidXML Liquid XML Studio 2010 is an advanced XML developers toolkit and IDE, containing all the tools needed for designing and developing XML schema and applications. COST/Trial Log4Net log4net is a tool to help the programmer output log statements to a variety of output targets. log4net is a port of the excellent log4j framework to the .NET runtime. We have kept the framework similar in spirit to the original log4j while taking advantage of new features in the .NET runtime. For more information on log4net see the features document. Free Microsoft Web Platform Installer The Microsoft Web Platform Installer 2.0 (Web PI) is a free tool that makes getting the latest components of the Microsoft Web Platform, including Internet Information Services (IIS), SQL Server Express, .NET Framework and Visual Web Developer easy. Free Mono Development Don't have Visual Studio - no problem! This is an open Source C# and .NET development environment for Linux, Windows, and Mac OS X Free Net Mass Downloader While it’s great that Microsoft has released the .NET Reference Source Code, you can only get it one file at a time while you’re debugging. If you’d like to batch download it for reading or to populate the cache, you’d have to write a program that instantiated and called each method in the Framework Class Library. Fortunately, .NET Mass Downloader comes to the rescue! Free nMap Nmap ("Network Mapper") is a free and open source (license) utility for network exploration or security auditing. Many systems and network administrators also find it useful for tasks such as network inventory, managing service upgrade schedules, and monitoring host or service uptime. Free NoScript (Firefox add-in) The NoScript Firefox extension provides extra protection for Firefox, Flock, Seamonkey and other Mozilla-based browsers: this free, open source add-on allows JavaScript, Java and Flash and other plug-ins to be executed only by trusted web sites of your choice (e.g. your online bank), and provides the most powerful Anti-XSS protection available in a browser. Free NotePad 2 Notepad2, a fast and light-weight Notepad-like text editor with syntax highlighting. This program can be run out of the box without installation, and does not touch your system's registry. Free PageSpy PageSpy is a small add-on for Internet Explorer that allows you to select any element within a webpage, select an option in the context menu, and view detailed information about both the coding behind the page and the element you selected. Free Phrase Express PhraseExpress manages your frequently used text snippets in customizable categories for quick access. Free PowerGui PowerGui is a free community for PowerGUI, a graphical user interface and script editor for Microsoft Windows PowerShell! Free Powershell Comes with Win7, but you can automate tasks by using the .NET Framework. Great for network admins. Free Process Explorer Ever wondered which program has a particular file or directory open? Now you can find out. Process Explorer shows you information about which handles and DLLs processes have opened or loaded. Also, included in the SysInterals Suite. Free Process Monitor Process Monitor is an advanced monitoring tool for Windows that shows real-time file system, Registry and process/thread activity. Free Reflector Explore and analyze compiled .NET assemblies, viewing them in C#, Visual Basic, and IL. This is an Essential for any .NET developer. Free Regular Expression Library Stuck on a Regular Expression but you think someone has already figured it out? Chances are they have. Free Regulator Regulator makes Regular Expressions easy. This is a must have for a .NET Developer. Free RenameMaestro RenameMaestro is probably the easiest batch file renamer you'll find to instantly rename multiple files COST ReSharper The one program that I cannot live without. Supports VS2010 and offers simple refactoring, code analysis/assistance/cleanup/templates. One of the few applications that is worth the $$$. COST/Trial ScrewTurn Wiki ScrewTurn Wiki allows you to create, manage and share wikis. A wiki is a collaboratively-edited, information-centered website: the most famous is Wikipedia. Free SharpDevelop What is #develop? SharpDevelop is a free IDE for C# and VB.NET projects on Microsoft's .NET platform. Free Show Me The Template Show Me The Template is a tool for exploring the templates, be their data, control or items panel, that comes with the controls built into WPF for all 6 themes. Free SnippetCompiler Compiles code snippets without opening Visual Studio. It does not support .NET 4. Free SQL Prompt SQL Prompt is a plug-in that increases how fast you can work with SQL. It provides code-completion for SQL server, reformatting, db schema information and snippets. Awesome! COST/Trial SQLinForm SQLinForm is an automatic SQL code formatter for all major databases  including ORACLE, SQL Server, DB2, UDB, Sybase, Informix, PostgreSQL, Teradata, MySQL, MS Access etc. with over 70 formatting options. COST/OnlineFree SSMS Tools SSMS Tools Pack is an add-in for Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) including SSMS Express. Free Storm STORM is a free and open source tool for testing web services. Free Telerik Code Convertor Convert code from VB to C Sharp and Vice Versa. Free TurtoiseSVN TortoiseSVN is a really easy to use Revision control / version control / source control software for Windows.Since it's not an integration for a specific IDE you can use it with whatever development tools you like. Free UltraEdit UltraEdit is the ideal text, HTML and hex editor, and an advanced PHP, Perl, Java and JavaScript editor for programmers. UltraEdit is also an XML editor including a tree-style XML parser. An industry-award winner, UltraEdit supports disk-based 64-bit file handling (standard) on 32-bit Windows platforms (Windows 2000 and later). COST/Trial Virtual Windows XP Comes with some W7 version and allows you to run WinXP along side W7. Free VirtualBox Virtualization by Sun Microsystems. You can virtualize Windows, Linux and more. Free Visual Log Parser SQL queries against a variety of log files and other system data sources. Free WinMerge WinMerge is an Open Source differencing and merging tool for Windows. WinMerge can compare both folders and files, presenting differences in a visual text format that is easy to understand and handle. Free Wireshark Wireshark is one of the best network protocol analyzer's for Unix and windows. This has been used several times to get me out of a bind. Free XML Notepad 07 Old, but still one of my favorite XML viewers. Free Productivity Tools – This is the list of tools that I use to save time or quickly navigate around Windows. Name Description License AutoHotKey Automate almost anything by sending keystrokes and mouse clicks. You can write a mouse or keyboard macro by hand or use the macro recorder. Free CLCL CLCL is clipboard caching utility. Free Ditto Ditto is an extension to the standard windows clipboard. It saves each item placed on the clipboard allowing you access to any of those items at a later time. Ditto allows you to save any type of information that can be put on the clipboard, text, images, html, custom formats, ..... Free Evernote Remember everything from notes to photos. It will synch between computers/devices. Free InfoRapid Inforapid is a search tool that will display all you search results in a html like browser. If you click on a word in that browser, it will start another search to the word you clicked on. Handy if you want to trackback something to it's true origin. The word you looked for will be highlighted in red. Clicking on the red word will open the containing file in a text based viewer. Clicking on any word in the opened document will start another search on that word. Free KatMouse The prime purpose of the KatMouse utility is to enhance the functionality of mice with a scroll wheel, offering 'universal' scrolling: moving the mouse wheel will scroll the window directly beneath the mouse cursor (not the one with the keyboard focus, which is default on Windows OSes). This is a major increase in the usefulness of the mouse wheel. Free ScreenR Instant Screencast with nothing to download. Works with Mac or PC and free. Free Start++ Start++ is an enhancement for the Start Menu in Windows Vista. It also extends the Run box and the command-line with customizable commands.  For example, typing "w Windows Vista" will take you to the Windows Vista page on Wikipedia! Free Synergy Synergy lets you easily share a single mouse and keyboard between multiple computers with different operating systems, each with its own display, without special hardware. It's intended for users with multiple computers on their desk since each system uses its own monitor(s). Free Texter Texter lets you define text substitution hot strings that, when triggered, will replace hotstring with a larger piece of text. By entering your most commonly-typed snippets of text into Texter, you can save countless keystrokes in the course of the day. Free Total Commander File handling, FTP, Archive handling and much more. Even works with Win3.11. COST/Trial Available Wizmouse WizMouse is a mouse enhancement utility that makes your mouse wheel work on the window currently under the mouse pointer, instead of the currently focused window. This means you no longer have to click on a window before being able to scroll it with the mouse wheel. This is a far more comfortable and practical way to make use of the mouse wheel. Free Xmarks Bookmark sync and search between computers. Free General Utilities – This is a list for power user users or anyone that wants more out of Windows. I usually install a majority of these whenever I get a new system. Name Description License µTorrent µTorrent is a lightweight and efficient BitTorrent client for Windows or Mac with many features. I use this for downloading LEGAL media. Free Audacity Audacity® is free, open source software for recording and editing sounds. It is available for Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, GNU/Linux, and other operating systems. Learn more about Audacity... Also check our Wiki and Forum for more information. Free AVast Free FREE Antivirus. Free CD Burner XP Pro CDBurnerXP is a free application to burn CDs and DVDs, including Blu-Ray and HD-DVDs. It also includes the feature to burn and create ISOs, as well as a multilanguage interface. Free CDEX You can extract digital audio CDs into mp3/wav. Free Combofix Combofix is a freeware (a legitimate spyware remover created by sUBs), Combofix was designed to scan a computer for known malware, spyware (SurfSideKick, QooLogic, and Look2Me as well as any other combination of the mentioned spyware applications) and remove them. Free Cpu-Z Provides information about some of the main devices of your system. Free Cropper Cropper is a screen capture utility written in C#. It makes it fast and easy to grab parts of your screen. Use it to easily crop out sections of vector graphic files such as Fireworks without having to flatten the files or open in a new editor. Use it to easily capture parts of a web site, including text and images. It's also great for writing documentation that needs images of your application or web site. Free DropBox Drag and Drop files to sync between computers. Free DVD-Fab Converts/Copies DVDs/Blu-Ray to different formats. (like mp4, mkv, avi) COST/Trial Available FastStone Capture FastStone Capture is a powerful, lightweight, yet full-featured screen capture tool that allows you to easily capture and annotate anything on the screen including windows, objects, menus, full screen, rectangular/freehand regions and even scrolling windows/web pages. Free ffdshow FFDShow is a DirectShow decoding filter for decompressing DivX, XviD, H.264, FLV1, WMV, MPEG-1 and MPEG-2, MPEG-4 movies. Free Filezilla FileZilla Client is a fast and reliable cross-platform FTP, FTPS and SFTP client with lots of useful features and an intuitive graphical user interface. You can also download a server version. Free FireFox Web Browser, do you really need an explanation? Free FireGestures A customizable mouse gestures extension which enables you to execute various commands and user scripts with five types of gestures. Free FoxIt Reader Light weight PDF viewer. You should install this with the advanced setting or it will install a toolbar and setup some shortcuts. Free gSynchIt Synch Gmail and Outlook. Even supports Outlook 2010 32/64 bit COST/Trial Available Hulu Desktop At home or in a hotel, this has replaced my cable/satellite subscription. Free ImgBurn ImgBurn is a lightweight CD / DVD / HD DVD / Blu-ray burning application that everyone should have in their toolkit! Free Infrarecorder InfraRecorder is a free CD/DVD burning solution for Microsoft Windows. It offers a wide range of powerful features; all through an easy to use application interface and Windows Explorer integration. Free KeePass KeePass is a free open source password manager, which helps you to manage your passwords in a secure way. Free LastPass Another password management, synchronize between browsers, automatic form filling and more. Free Live Essentials One download and lots of programs including Mail, Live Writer, Movie Maker and more! Free Monitores MonitorES is a small windows utility that helps you to turnoff monitor display when you lock down your machine.Also when you lock your machine, it will pause all your running media programs & set your IM status message to "Away" / Custom message(via options) and restore it back to normal when you back. Free mRemote mRemote is a full-featured, multi-tab remote connections manager. Free Open Office OpenOffice.org 3 is the leading open-source office software suite for word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, graphics, databases and more. It is available in many languages and works on all common computers. It stores all your data in an international open standard format and can also read and write files from other common office software packages. It can be downloaded and used completely free of charge for any purpose. Free Paint.NET Simple, intuitive, and innovative user interface for editing photos. Free Picasa Picasa is free photo editing software from Google that makes your pictures look great. Free Pidgin Pidgin is an easy to use and free chat client used by millions. Connect to AIM, MSN, Yahoo, and more chat networks all at once. Free PING PING is a live Linux ISO, based on the excellent Linux From Scratch (LFS) documentation. It can be burnt on a CD and booted, or integrated into a PXE / RIS environment. Free Putty PuTTY is an SSH and telnet client, developed originally by Simon Tatham for the Windows platform. Free Revo Uninstaller Revo Uninstaller Pro helps you to uninstall software and remove unwanted programs installed on your computer easily! Even if you have problems uninstalling and cannot uninstall them from "Windows Add or Remove Programs" control panel applet.Revo Uninstaller is a much faster and more powerful alternative to "Windows Add or Remove Programs" applet! It has very powerful features to uninstall and remove programs. Free Security Essentials Microsoft Security Essentials is a new, free consumer anti-malware solution for your computer. Free SetupVirtualCloneDrive Virtual CloneDrive works and behaves just like a physical CD/DVD drive, however it exists only virtually. Point to the .ISO file and it appears in Windows Explorer as a Drive. Free Shark 007 Codec Pack Play just about any file format with this download. Also includes my W7 Media Playlist Generator. Free Snagit 9 Screen Capture on steroids. Add arrows, captions, etc to any screenshot. COST/Trial Available SysinternalsSuite Go ahead and download the entire sys internals suite. I have mentioned multiple programs in this suite already. Free TeraCopy TeraCopy is a compact program designed to copy and move files at the maximum possible speed, providing the user with a lot of features. Free for Home TrueCrypt Free open-source disk encryption software for Windows 7/Vista/XP, Mac OS X, and Linux Free TweetDeck Fully featured Twitter client. Free UltraVNC UltraVNC is a powerful, easy to use and free software that can display the screen of another computer (via internet or network) on your own screen. The program allows you to use your mouse and keyboard to control the other PC remotely. It means that you can work on a remote computer, as if you were sitting in front of it, right from your current location. Free Unlocker Unlocks locked files. Pretty simple right? Free VLC Media Player VLC media player is a highly portable multimedia player and multimedia framework capable of reading most audio and video formats Free Windows 7 Media Playlist This program is special to my heart because I wrote it. It has been mentioned on podcast and various websites. It allows you to quickly create wvx video playlist for Windows Media Center. Free WinRAR WinRAR is a powerful archive manager. It can backup your data and reduce the size of email attachments, decompress RAR, ZIP and other files downloaded from Internet and create new archives in RAR and ZIP file format. COST/Trial Available Blogging – I use the following for my blog. Name Description License Insert Code for Windows Live Writer Insert Code for Windows Live Writer will format a snippet of text in a number of programming languages such as C#, HTML, MSH, JavaScript, Visual Basic and TSQL. Free LiveWriter Included in Live Essentials, but the ultimate in Windows Blogging Free PasteAsVSCode Plug-in for Windows Live Writer that pastes clipboard content as Visual Studio code. Preserves syntax highlighting, indentation and background color. Converts RTF, outputted by Visual Studio, into HTML. Free Desktop Management – The list below represent the best in Windows Desktop Management. Name Description License 7 Stacks Allows users to have "stacks" of icons in their taskbar. Free Executor Executor is a multi purpose launcher and a more advanced and customizable version of windows run. Free Fences Fences is a program that helps you organize your desktop and can hide your icons when they are not in use. Free RocketDock Rocket Dock is a smoothly animated, alpha blended application launcher. It provides a nice clean interface to drop shortcuts on for easy access and organization. With each item completely customizable there is no end to what you can add and launch from the dock. Free WindowsTab Tabbing is an essential feature of modern web browsers. Window Tabs brings the productivity of tabbed window management to all of your desktop applications. Free

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• SQL SERVER – Retrieve and Explore Database Backup without Restoring Database – Idera virtual databas

  - by pinaldave

  I recently downloaded Idera’s SQL virtual database, and tested it. There are a few things about this tool which caught my attention. My Scenario It is quite common in real life that sometimes observing or retrieving older data is necessary; however, it had changed as time passed by. The full database backup was 40 GB in size, and, to restore it on our production server, it usually takes around 16 to 22 minutes, depending on the load server that is usually present. This range in time varies from one server to another as per the configuration of the computer. Some other issues we used to have are the following: When we try to restore a large 40-GB database, we needed at least that much space on our production server. Once in a while, we even had to make changes in the restored database, and use the said changed and restored database for our purpose, making it more time-consuming. My Solution I have heard a lot about the Idera’s SQL virtual database tool.. Well, right after we started to test this tool, we found out that it really delivers what it promises. Using this software was very easy and we were able to restore our database from backup in less than 2 minutes, sparing us from the usual longer time of 16–22 minutes. The needful was finished in a total of 10 minutes. Another interesting observation is that there is no need to have an additional space for restoring the database. For complete database restoration, the single additional MB on the drive is not required anymore. We can use the database in the same way as our regular database, and there is no need for any additional configuration and setup. Let us look at the most relevant points of this product based on my initial experience: Quick restoration of the database backup No additional space required for database restoration virtual database has no physical .MDF or .LDF The database which is restored is, in fact, the backup file converted in the virtual database. DDL and DML queries can be executed against this virtually restored database. Regular backup operation can be implemented against virtual database, creating a physical .bak file that can be used for future use. There was no observed degradation in performance on the original database as well the restored virtual database. Additional T-SQL queries can be let off on the virtual database. Well, this summarizes my quick review. And, as I was saying, I am very impressed with the product and I plan to explore it more. There are many features that I have noticed in this tool, which I think can be very useful if properly understood. I had taken a few screenshots using my demo database afterwards. Let us see what other things this tool can do besides the mentioned activities. I am surprised with its performance so I want to know how exactly this feature works, specifically in the matter of why it does not create any additional files and yet, it still allows update on the virtually restored database. I guess I will have to send an e-mail to the developers of Idera and try to figure this out from them. I think this tool is very useful, and it delivers a high level of performance way more than what I expected. Soon, I will write a review for additional uses of SQL virtual database.. If you are using SQL virtual database in your production environment, I am eager to learn more about it and your experience while using it. The ‘Virtual’ Part of virtual database When I set out to test this software, I thought virtual database had something to do with Hyper-V or visualization. In fact, the virtual database is a kind of database which shows up in your SQL Server Management Studio without actually restoring or even creating it. This tool creates a database in SSMS from the backup of the same database. The backup, however, works virtually the same way as original database. Potential Usage of virtual database: As soon as I described this tool to my teammate, I think his very first reaction was, “hey, if we have this then there is no need for log shipping.” I find his comment very interesting as log shipping is something where logs are moved to another server. In fact, there are no updates on the database from log; I would rather compare it with Snapshot Replication. In fact, whatever we use, snapshot replicated database can be similarly used and configured with virtual database. I totally believe that we can use it for reporting purpose. In fact, after this database was configured, I think the uses of this tool are unlimited. I will have to spend some more time studying it and will get back to you. Click on images to see larger images. virtual database Console Harddrive Space before virtual database Setup Attach Full Backup Screen Backup on Harddrive Attach Full Backup Screen with Settings virtual database Setup – less than 60 sec virtual database Setup – Online Harddrive Space after virtual database Setup Point in Time Recovery Option – Timeline View virtual database Summary No Performance Difference between Regular DB vs Virtual DB Please note that all SQL Server MVP gets free license of this software. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com), Idera (virtual database) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Add-On, SQL Authority, SQL Backup and Restore, SQL Data Storage, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Idera

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• Top things web developers should know about the Visual Studio 2013 release

  - by Jon Galloway

  ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release NotesASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release NotesSummary for lazy readers: Visual Studio 2013 is now available for download on the Visual Studio site and on MSDN subscriber downloads) Visual Studio 2013 installs side by side with Visual Studio 2012 and supports round-tripping between Visual Studio versions, so you can try it out without committing to a switch Visual Studio 2013 ships with the new version of ASP.NET, which includes ASP.NET MVC 5, ASP.NET Web API 2, Razor 3, Entity Framework 6 and SignalR 2.0 The new releases ASP.NET focuses on One ASP.NET, so core features and web tools work the same across the platform (e.g. adding ASP.NET MVC controllers to a Web Forms application) New core features include new templates based on Bootstrap, a new scaffolding system, and a new identity system Visual Studio 2013 is an incredible editor for web files, including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Markdown, LESS, Coffeescript, Handlebars, Angular, Ember, Knockdown, etc. Top links: Visual Studio 2013 content on the ASP.NET site are in the standard new releases area: http://www.asp.net/vnext ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 Release Notes Short intro videos on the new Visual Studio web editor features from Scott Hanselman and Mads Kristensen Announcing release of ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013 post on the official .NET Web Development and Tools Blog Scott Guthrie's post: Announcing the Release of Visual Studio 2013 and Great Improvements to ASP.NET and Entity Framework Okay, for those of you who are still with me, let's dig in a bit. Quick web dev notes on downloading and installing Visual Studio 2013 I found Visual Studio 2013 to be a pretty fast install. According to Brian Harry's release post, installing over pre-release versions of Visual Studio is supported.  I've installed the release version over pre-release versions, and it worked fine. If you're only going to be doing web development, you can speed up the install if you just select Web Developer tools. Of course, as a good Microsoft employee, I'll mention that you might also want to install some of those other features, like the Store apps for Windows 8 and the Windows Phone 8.0 SDK, but they do download and install a lot of other stuff (e.g. the Windows Phone SDK sets up Hyper-V and downloads several GB's of VM's). So if you're planning just to do web development for now, you can pick just the Web Developer Tools and install the other stuff later. If you've got a fast internet connection, I recommend using the web installer instead of downloading the ISO. The ISO includes all the features, whereas the web installer just downloads what you're installing. Visual Studio 2013 development settings and color theme When you start up Visual Studio, it'll prompt you to pick some defaults. These are totally up to you -whatever suits your development style - and you can change them later. As I said, these are completely up to you. I recommend either the Web Development or Web Development (Code Only) settings. The only real difference is that Code Only hides the toolbars, and you can switch between them using Tools / Import and Export Settings / Reset. Web Development settings Web Development (code only) settings Usually I've just gone with Web Development (code only) in the past because I just want to focus on the code, although the Standard toolbar does make it easier to switch default web browsers. More on that later. Color theme Sigh. Okay, everyone's got their favorite colors. I alternate between Light and Dark depending on my mood, and I personally like how the low contrast on the window chrome in those themes puts the emphasis on my code rather than the tabs and toolbars. I know some people got pretty worked up over that, though, and wanted the blue theme back. I personally don't like it - it reminds me of ancient versions of Visual Studio that I don't want to think about anymore. So here's the thing: if you install Visual Studio Ultimate, it defaults to Blue. The other versions default to Light. If you use Blue, I won't criticize you - out loud, that is. You can change themes really easily - either Tools / Options / Environment / General, or the smart way: ctrl+q for quick launch, then type Theme and hit enter. Signing in During the first run, you'll be prompted to sign in. You don't have to - you can click the "Not now, maybe later" link at the bottom of that dialog. I recommend signing in, though. It's not hooked in with licensing or tracking the kind of code you write to sell you components. It is doing good things, like  syncing your Visual Studio settings between computers. More about that here. So, you don't have to, but I sure do. Overview of shiny new things in ASP.NET land There are a lot of good new things in ASP.NET. I'll list some of my favorite here, but you can read more on the ASP.NET site. One ASP.NET You've heard us talk about this for a while. The idea is that options are good, but choice can be a burden. When you start a new ASP.NET project, why should you have to make a tough decision - with long-term consequences - about how your application will work? If you want to use ASP.NET Web Forms, but have the option of adding in ASP.NET MVC later, why should that be hard? It's all ASP.NET, right? Ideally, you'd just decide that you want to use ASP.NET to build sites and services, and you could use the appropriate tools (the green blocks below) as you needed them. So, here it is. When you create a new ASP.NET application, you just create an ASP.NET application. Next, you can pick from some templates to get you started... but these are different. They're not "painful decision" templates, they're just some starting pieces. And, most importantly, you can mix and match. I can pick a "mostly" Web Forms template, but include MVC and Web API folders and core references. If you've tried to mix and match in the past, you're probably aware that it was possible, but not pleasant. ASP.NET MVC project files contained special project type GUIDs, so you'd only get controller scaffolding support in a Web Forms project if you manually edited the csproj file. Features in one stack didn't work in others. Project templates were painful choices. That's no longer the case. Hooray! I just did a demo in a presentation last week where I created a new Web Forms + MVC + Web API site, built a model, scaffolded MVC and Web API controllers with EF Code First, add data in the MVC view, viewed it in Web API, then added a GridView to the Web Forms Default.aspx page and bound it to the Model. In about 5 minutes. Sure, it's a simple example, but it's great to be able to share code and features across the whole ASP.NET family. Authentication In the past, authentication was built into the templates. So, for instance, there was an ASP.NET MVC 4 Intranet Project template which created a new ASP.NET MVC 4 application that was preconfigured for Windows Authentication. All of that authentication stuff was built into each template, so they varied between the stacks, and you couldn't reuse them. You didn't see a lot of changes to the authentication options, since they required big changes to a bunch of project templates. Now, the new project dialog includes a common authentication experience. When you hit the Change Authentication button, you get some common options that work the same way regardless of the template or reference settings you've made. These options work on all ASP.NET frameworks, and all hosting environments (IIS, IIS Express, or OWIN for self-host) The default is Individual User Accounts: This is the standard "create a local account, using username / password or OAuth" thing; however, it's all built on the new Identity system. More on that in a second. The one setting that has some configuration to it is Organizational Accounts, which lets you configure authentication using Active Directory, Windows Azure Active Directory, or Office 365. Identity There's a new identity system. We've taken the best parts of the previous ASP.NET Membership and Simple Identity systems, rolled in a lot of feedback and made big enhancements to support important developer concerns like unit testing and extensiblity. I've written long posts about ASP.NET identity, and I'll do it again. Soon. This is not that post. The short version is that I think we've finally got just the right Identity system. Some of my favorite features: There are simple, sensible defaults that work well - you can File / New / Run / Register / Login, and everything works. It supports standard username / password as well as external authentication (OAuth, etc.). It's easy to customize without having to re-implement an entire provider. It's built using pluggable pieces, rather than one large monolithic system. It's built using interfaces like IUser and IRole that allow for unit testing, dependency injection, etc. You can easily add user profile data (e.g. URL, twitter handle, birthday). You just add properties to your ApplicationUser model and they'll automatically be persisted. Complete control over how the identity data is persisted. By default, everything works with Entity Framework Code First, but it's built to support changes from small (modify the schema) to big (use another ORM, store your data in a document database or in the cloud or in XML or in the EXIF data of your desktop background or whatever). It's configured via OWIN. More on OWIN and Katana later, but the fact that it's built using OWIN means it's portable. You can find out more in the Authentication and Identity section of the ASP.NET site (and lots more content will be going up there soon). New Bootstrap based project templates The new project templates are built using Bootstrap 3. Bootstrap (formerly Twitter Bootstrap) is a front-end framework that brings a lot of nice benefits: It's responsive, so your projects will automatically scale to device width using CSS media queries. For example, menus are full size on a desktop browser, but on narrower screens you automatically get a mobile-friendly menu. The built-in Bootstrap styles make your standard page elements (headers, footers, buttons, form inputs, tables etc.) look nice and modern. Bootstrap is themeable, so you can reskin your whole site by dropping in a new Bootstrap theme. Since Bootstrap is pretty popular across the web development community, this gives you a large and rapidly growing variety of templates (free and paid) to choose from. Bootstrap also includes a lot of very useful things: components (like progress bars and badges), useful glyphicons, and some jQuery plugins for tooltips, dropdowns, carousels, etc.). Here's a look at how the responsive part works. When the page is full screen, the menu and header are optimized for a wide screen display: When I shrink the page down (this is all based on page width, not useragent sniffing) the menu turns into a nice mobile-friendly dropdown: For a quick example, I grabbed a new free theme off bootswatch.com. For simple themes, you just need to download the boostrap.css file and replace the /content/bootstrap.css file in your project. Now when I refresh the page, I've got a new theme: Scaffolding The big change in scaffolding is that it's one system that works across ASP.NET. You can create a new Empty Web project or Web Forms project and you'll get the Scaffold context menus. For release, we've got MVC 5 and Web API 2 controllers. We had a preview of Web Forms scaffolding in the preview releases, but they weren't fully baked for RTM. Look for them in a future update, expected pretty soon. This scaffolding system wasn't just changed to work across the ASP.NET frameworks, it's also built to enable future extensibility. That's not in this release, but should also hopefully be out soon. Project Readme page This is a small thing, but I really like it. When you create a new project, you get a Project_Readme.html page that's added to the root of your project and opens in the Visual Studio built-in browser. I love it. A long time ago, when you created a new project we just dumped it on you and left you scratching your head about what to do next. Not ideal. Then we started adding a bunch of Getting Started information to the new project templates. That told you what to do next, but you had to delete all of that stuff out of your website. It doesn't belong there. Not ideal. This is a simple HTML file that's not integrated into your project code at all. You can delete it if you want. But, it shows a lot of helpful links that are current for the project you just created. In the future, if we add new wacky project types, they can create readme docs with specific information on how to do appropriately wacky things. Side note: I really like that they used the internal browser in Visual Studio to show this content rather than popping open an HTML page in the default browser. I hate that. It's annoying. If you're doing that, I hope you'll stop. What if some unnamed person has 40 or 90 tabs saved in their browser session? When you pop open your "Thanks for installing my Visual Studio extension!" page, all eleventy billion tabs start up and I wish I'd never installed your thing. Be like these guys and pop stuff Visual Studio specific HTML docs in the Visual Studio browser. ASP.NET MVC 5 The biggest change with ASP.NET MVC 5 is that it's no longer a separate project type. It integrates well with the rest of ASP.NET. In addition to that and the other common features we've already looked at (Bootstrap templates, Identity, authentication), here's what's new for ASP.NET MVC. Attribute routing ASP.NET MVC now supports attribute routing, thanks to a contribution by Tim McCall, the author of http://attributerouting.net. With attribute routing you can specify your routes by annotating your actions and controllers. This supports some pretty complex, customized routing scenarios, and it allows you to keep your route information right with your controller actions if you'd like. Here's a controller that includes an action whose method name is Hiding, but I've used AttributeRouting to configure it to /spaghetti/with-nesting/where-is-waldo public class SampleController : Controller { [Route("spaghetti/with-nesting/where-is-waldo")] public string Hiding() { return "You found me!"; } } I enable that in my RouteConfig.cs, and I can use that in conjunction with my other MVC routes like this: public class RouteConfig { public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes(); routes.MapRoute( name: "Default", url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } ); } } You can read more about Attribute Routing in ASP.NET MVC 5 here. Filter enhancements There are two new additions to filters: Authentication Filters and Filter Overrides. Authentication filters are a new kind of filter in ASP.NET MVC that run prior to authorization filters in the ASP.NET MVC pipeline and allow you to specify authentication logic per-action, per-controller, or globally for all controllers. Authentication filters process credentials in the request and provide a corresponding principal. Authentication filters can also add authentication challenges in response to unauthorized requests. Override filters let you change which filters apply to a given action method or controller. Override filters specify a set of filter types that should not be run for a given scope (action or controller). This allows you to configure filters that apply globally but then exclude certain global filters from applying to specific actions or controllers. ASP.NET Web API 2 ASP.NET Web API 2 includes a lot of new features. Attribute Routing ASP.NET Web API supports the same attribute routing system that's in ASP.NET MVC 5. You can read more about the Attribute Routing features in Web API in this article. OAuth 2.0 ASP.NET Web API picks up OAuth 2.0 support, using security middleware running on OWIN (discussed below). This is great for features like authenticated Single Page Applications. OData Improvements ASP.NET Web API now has full OData support. That required adding in some of the most powerful operators: $select, $expand, $batch and $value. You can read more about OData operator support in this article by Mike Wasson. Lots more There's a huge list of other features, including CORS (cross-origin request sharing), IHttpActionResult, IHttpRequestContext, and more. I think the best overview is in the release notes. OWIN and Katana I've written about OWIN and Katana recently. I'm a big fan. OWIN is the Open Web Interfaces for .NET. It's a spec, like HTML or HTTP, so you can't install OWIN. The benefit of OWIN is that it's a community specification, so anyone who implements it can plug into the ASP.NET stack, either as middleware or as a host. Katana is the Microsoft implementation of OWIN. It leverages OWIN to wire up things like authentication, handlers, modules, IIS hosting, etc., so ASP.NET can host OWIN components and Katana components can run in someone else's OWIN implementation. Howard Dierking just wrote a cool article in MSDN magazine describing Katana in depth: Getting Started with the Katana Project. He had an interesting example showing an OWIN based pipeline which leveraged SignalR, ASP.NET Web API and NancyFx components in the same stack. If this kind of thing makes sense to you, that's great. If it doesn't, don't worry, but keep an eye on it. You're going to see some cool things happen as a result of ASP.NET becoming more and more pluggable. Visual Studio Web Tools Okay, this stuff's just crazy. Visual Studio has been adding some nice web dev features over the past few years, but they've really cranked it up for this release. Visual Studio is by far my favorite code editor for all web files: CSS, HTML, JavaScript, and lots of popular libraries. Stop thinking of Visual Studio as a big editor that you only use to write back-end code. Stop editing HTML and CSS in Notepad (or Sublime, Notepad++, etc.). Visual Studio starts up in under 2 seconds on a modern computer with an SSD. Misspelling HTML attributes or your CSS classes or jQuery or Angular syntax is stupid. It doesn't make you a better developer, it makes you a silly person who wastes time. Browser Link Browser Link is a real-time, two-way connection between Visual Studio and all connected browsers. It's only attached when you're running locally, in debug, but it applies to any and all connected browser, including emulators. You may have seen demos that showed the browsers refreshing based on changes in the editor, and I'll agree that's pretty cool. But it's really just the start. It's a two-way connection, and it's built for extensiblity. That means you can write extensions that push information from your running application (in IE, Chrome, a mobile emulator, etc.) back to Visual Studio. Mads and team have showed off some demonstrations where they enabled edit mode in the browser which updated the source HTML back on the browser. It's also possible to look at how the rendered HTML performs, check for compatibility issues, watch for unused CSS classes, the sky's the limit. New HTML editor The previous HTML editor had a lot of old code that didn't allow for improvements. The team rewrote the HTML editor to take advantage of the new(ish) extensibility features in Visual Studio, which then allowed them to add in all kinds of features - things like CSS Class and ID IntelliSense (so you type style="" and get a list of classes and ID's for your project), smart indent based on how your document is formatted, JavaScript reference auto-sync, etc. Here's a 3 minute tour from Mads Kristensen. The previous HTML editor had a lot of old code that didn't allow for improvements. The team rewrote the HTML editor to take advantage of the new(ish) extensibility features in Visual Studio, which then allowed them to add in all kinds of features - things like CSS Class and ID IntelliSense (so you type style="" and get a list of classes and ID's for your project), smart indent based on how your document is formatted, JavaScript reference auto-sync, etc. Lots more Visual Studio web dev features That's just a sampling - there's a ton of great features for JavaScript editing, CSS editing, publishing, and Page Inspector (which shows real-time rendering of your page inside Visual Studio). Here are some more short videos showing those features. Lots, lots more Okay, that's just a summary, and it's still quite a bit. Head on over to http://asp.net/vnext for more information, and download Visual Studio 2013 now to get started!

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• Secure wipe of a hard drive using WinPE.

  - by Derek Meier

  Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} The wiping of a hard drive is typically seen as fairly trivial.  There are tons of applications out there that will do it for you.  Point àClickàGlobal-Thermo Nuclear War. However, these applications are typically expensive or unreliable.  Plus, if you have a laptop or lack a secondary computer to put the hard drive into – how on earth do you wipe it quickly and easily while still conforming to a 7 pass rule (this means that every possible bit on the hard drive is set to 0 and then to 1 seven times in a row)?  Yes, one pass should be enough – as turning every bit from a 1 to a zero will wipe the data from existence.  But, we’re dealing with tinfoil hat wearing types here people.  DOD standards dictate at least 3 passes, and typically 7 is the preferred amount.  I’m not going to argue about data recovery.  I have been told to use 7 passes, and so I will.  So say we all! Quite some time ago I used to make a BartPE XP-based boot cd for the original purpose of securely wiping data.  I loved BartPE and integrated so many plugins into my builds that I could do pretty much anything directly from CD.  Reset passwords, uninstall security updates, wipe drives, chkdsk, remove spyware, install Windows, etc.  However, with the newer multi-core systems and new chipsets coming out from vendors, I found that BartPE was rather difficult to keep up to date.  I have since switched to WinPE 3.0 (Windows Preinstallation Environment). http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc748933(WS.10).aspx  It is fairly simple to create your own CD, and I have made a few helpful scripts to easily integrate drivers and rebuild the ISO file for you.  I’ll cover making your own boot CD utilizing WinPE 3.0 in a later post – I can talk about WinPE forever and need to collect my thoughts!!  My wife loves talking about WinPE almost as much as talking about Doctor Who.  Wait, did I say loves?  Hmmmm, I may have meant loathes. The topic at hand?  Right. Wiping a drive! I must have drunk too much coffee this morning.  I like to use a simple batch script that calls a combination of diskpart.exe from Microsoft® and Sdelete.exe created by our friend Mark Russinovich. http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897443.aspx All of the following files are located within the same directory on my WinPE boot CD. Here are the contents of wipe_me.bat, script.txt and sdelete.reg. Wipe_me.bat:   @echo off echo. echo     I will completely wipe the local hard drives using echo     7 individual wipes. The data will NOT echo     be recoverable.  I will begin after you pause echo. echo Preparing to partition and format disk. Diskpart.exe /s "script.txt" REM I was annoyed by not having a completely automated script – and Sdelete wants you to accept the license agreement. So, I added a registry file to skip doing that. regedit /S sdelete.reg rem sdelete options selected are: -p (passes) -c (zero free space) -s (recurse through subdirectories, if any) -z (clean free space) [drive letter] sdelete.exe -p 7 -c -s -z c: echo. echo Pass seven complete. echo. echo Wiping complete. Pause exit script.txt: list disk select disk 0 clean create partition primary select partition 1 active format FS=NTFS LABEL="New Volume" QUICK assign letter=c exit *Notes: This script assumes one local hard drive – change the script as you see fit for your environment.  The clean command will overwrite the master boot record and any hidden sector information – so be careful!   sdelete.reg: Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Sysinternals\SDelete] "EulaAccepted"=dword:00000001   With a combination of WinPE, sdelete.exe and your friendly neighborhood text editor you can begin wiping drives as quickly and easily as possible!  I hope this helps, I get asked this a lot in my line of work. Best of luck, Derek

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• How to Add Proprietary Drivers to Ubuntu 10.04

  - by Matthew Guay

  Does the hardware on your Ubuntu system need proprietary drivers work at peak performance?  Today we take a look how easy version 10.04 makes it to install them. Ubuntu 10.04 finally automatically recognizes and installs drivers for most hardware today, it even recognized and configured Wi-Fi drivers correctly every time in our tests.  This is in contrast to the past, when it was often difficult to get hardware to work in Linux.  However, most video cards still need proprietary drivers from their manufacturer to get full hardware video acceleration. Even though Ubuntu doesn’t include any non-open source components, it still makes it easy to install proprietary drivers if you wish.  When you first install and boot into Ubuntu, you may see a popup informing you that “restricted” drivers are available. You may see a notification asking you if you’d like to install optional drivers from your graphics card manufacturer when you try to enable advanced desktop effects.  Click Enable to directly install the drivers right there. Or, you can select the tray icon from the first popup, and click Install drivers. Alternately, if the tray icon has disappeared, click System, then Administration, and select Hardware Drivers.   This will open a dialog showing all the proprietary drivers available for your system, which may include drivers for your video card and other hardware depending on your computer.  Select the driver you wish to install, and click Activate. Enter your password, and then Ubuntu will download and install the driver without any more input.  After installation you may be prompted to reboot your system. Now, you should be able to take full advantage of your hardware, including fancy desktop effects with hardware acceleration. If you ever wish to remove these drivers, simply re-open the drivers dialog as above, select the driver, and click Remove.  Once again, a reboot may be required to finish the process. Conclusion Ubuntu has definitely made it easier to use Linux on your desktop computer, no matter what hardware you have.  If your video card or other hardware require proprietary drivers, it makes them available and simple to install.  And, best of all, all of your drivers stay updated with your software updates, so you can be sure you’re always running the latest. Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Adding extra Repositories on UbuntuBackup and Restore Hardware Drivers the Easy Way with Double DriverCopy Windows Drivers From One Machine to AnotherInstalling PHP4 and Apache on UbuntuInstalling PHP5 and Apache on Ubuntu TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 VMware Workstation 7 Acronis Online Backup Gmail Button Addon (Firefox) Hyperwords addon (Firefox) Backup Outlook 2010 Daily Motivator (Firefox) FetchMp3 Can Download Videos & Convert Them to Mp3 Use Flixtime To Create Video Slideshows

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• IIS SSL Certificate Renewal Pain

  - by Rick Strahl

  I’m in the middle of my annual certificate renewal for the West Wind site and I can honestly say that I hate IIS’s certificate system.  When it works it’s fine, but when it doesn’t man can it be a pain. Because I deal with public certificates on my site merely once a year, and you have to perform the certificate dance just the right way, I seem to run into some sort of trouble every year, thinking that Microsoft surely must have addressed the issues I ran into previously – HA! Not so. Don’t ever use the Renew Certificate Feature in IIS! The first rule that I should have never forgotten is that certificate renewals in IIS (7 is what I’m using but I think it’s no different in 7.5 and 8), simply don’t work if you’re submitting to get a public certificate from a certificate authority. I use DNSimple for my DNS domain management and SSL certificates because they provide ridiculously easy domain management and good prices for SSL certs – especially wildcard certificates, which is what I use on west-wind.com. Certificates in IIS can be found pegged to the machine root. If you go into the IIS Manager, go to the machine root the tree and then click on certificates and you then get various certificate options: Both of these options create a new Certificate request (CSR), which is just a text file. But if you’re silly enough like me to click on the Renew button on your old certificate, you’ll find that you end up generating a very long Certificate Request that looks nothing like the original certificate request and the format that’s used for this is not accepted by most certificate authorities. While I’m not sure exactly what the problem is, it simply looks like IIS is respecting none of your original certificate bit size choices and is generating a huge certificate request that is 3 times the size of a ‘normal’ certificate request. The end result is (and I’ve done this at least twice now) is that the certificate processor is likely to fail processing those renewals. Always create a new Certificate While it’s a little more work and you have to remember how to fill out the certificate request properly, this is the safe way to make sure your certificate generates properly. First comes the Distinguished Name Properties dialog: Ah yes you have to love the nomenclature of this stuff. Distinguished name, Common name – WTF is a common name? It doesn’t look common to me! Make sure this form gets filled out correctly. Common NameThis is the domain name of the Web site. In my case I’m creating a wildcard certificate so I’m using the * prefix. If you’re purchasing a certificate for a specific domain use www.west-wind.com or store.west-wind.com for example. Make sure this matches the EXACT domain you’re trying to use secure access on because that’s all the certificate is going to work on unless you get a wildcard certificate. Organization Is the name of your company or organization. Depending on the kind of certificate you purchase this name will show up on your certificate. Most low end SSL certificates (ie. those that cost under $100 for single domains) don’t list the organization, the higher signature certificates that also require extensive validation by the cert authority do. Regardless you should make sure this matches the right company/organization. Organizational Unit This can be anything. Not really sure what this is for, but traditionally I’ve always set this to Web because – well this is a Web thing after all right? I’ve never seen this used anywhere that I can tell other than to internally reference the cert. State and CountryPretty obvious. Should reflect the location of the business/organization/person or site.   Next you have to configure the bit size used for the certificate: The default on this dialog is 1024, but I’ve found that most providers these days request a minimum bit length of 2048, as did my DNSimple provider. Again check with the provider when you submit to make sure. Bit length mismatches can cause problems if you use a size that isn’t supported by the provider. I had that happen last year when I submitted my CSR and it got rejected quite a bit later, when the certs usually are issued within an hour or less. When you’re done here, the certificate is saved to disk as a .txt file and it should look something like this (this is a 2048 bit length CSR):-----BEGIN NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST----- MIIEVGCCAz0CAQAwdjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxDzANBgNVBAgMBkhhd2FpaTENMAsG A1UEBwwEUGFpYTEfMB0GA1UECgwWV2VzdCBXaW5kIFRlY2hub2xvZ2llczEMMAoG B1UECwwDV2ViMRgwFgYDVQQDDA8qLndlc3Qtd2luZC5jb20wggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3 DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDIPWOFMkMVRp2Ftj9w/cCVV4OYYhoZYtl+8lTk oqDwKca0xWHLgioX/9v0rZLS6a82MHqKEBxVXu+cuCmSE4AQtB/1YH9lS4tpc/be OZDvnTotP6l4MCEzzAfROcw4CiIg6X0RMSnl8IATAvv2V5LQM9TDdt9oDdMpX2IY +vVC9RZ7PMHBmR9kwI2i/lrKitzhQKaHgpmKcRlM6iqpALUiX28w5HJaDKK1MDHN 607tyFJLHijuJKx7PdTqZYf50KkC3NupfZ2avVycf18Q13jHWj59tvwEOczoVzRL l4LQivAqbhyiqMpWnrZunIOUZta5aGm+jo7O1knGWJjxuraTAgMBAAGgggGYMBoG CisGAQQBgjcNAgMxDBYKNi4yLjkyMDAuMjA0BgkrBgEEAYI3FRQxJzAlAgEFDAZS QVNYUFMMC1JBU1hQU1xSaWNrDAtJbmV0TWdyLmV4ZTByBgorBgEEAYI3DQICMWQw YgIBAR5aAE0AaQBjAHIAbwBzAG8AZgB0ACAAUgBTAEEAIABTAEMAaABhAG4AbgBl AGwAIABDAHIAeQBwAHQAbwBnAHIAYQBwAGgAaQBjACAAUAByAG8AdgBpAGQAZQBy AwEAMIHPBgkqhkiG9w0BCQ4xgcEwgb4wDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgTwMBMGA1UdJQQM MAoGCCsGAQUFBwMBMHgGCSqGSIb3DQEJDwRrMGkwDgYIKoZIhvcNAwICAgCAMA4G CCqGSIb3DQMEAgIAgDALBglghkgBZQMEASowCwYJYIZIAWUDBAEtMAsGCWCGSAFl AwQBAjALBglghkgBZQMEAQUwBwYFKw4DAgcwCgYIKoZIhvcNAwcwHQYDVR0OBBYE FD/yOsTbXE+GVFCFMmldzQvyloz9MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQCK6LlsCuIM 1AU0niB6QZ9v0FTsGFxP1dYvVUnJyY6VEKNiGFiQjZac7UCs0p58yScdXWEFOE8V OsjAYD3xYNc05+ckyD67UHRGEUAVB9RBvbKW23KeR/8kBmEzc8PemD52YOgExxAJ 57xWmAwEHAvbgYzQvhO8AOzH3TGvvHbg5UKM1pYgNmuwZq5DkL/IDoeIJwfk/wrI wghNTuxxIFgbH4YrgLgv4PRvrS/LaTCRBdboaCgzATMczaOb1nd/DVNR+3fCtMhM W0psTAjzRbmXF3nJyAQa7jF/52gkY0RfFX2lG5tJnG+XDsVNvKNvh9Qa5Tlmkm06 ILKCm9ciWCKk -----END NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST----- You can take that certificate request and submit that to your certificate provider. Since this is base64 encoded you can typically just paste it into a text box on the submission page, or some providers will ask you to upload the CSR as a file. What does a Renewal look like? Note the length of the CSR will vary somewhat with key strength, but compare this to a renewal request that IIS generated from my existing site:-----BEGIN NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST----- MIIPpwYFKoZIhvcNAQcCoIIPmDCCD5QCAQExCzAJBgUrDgMCGgUAMIIIqAYJKoZI hvcNAQcBoIIImQSCCJUwggiRMIIH+gIBADBdMSEwHwYDVQQLDBhEb21haW4gQ29u dHJvbCBWYWxpFGF0ZWQxHjAcBgNVBAsMFUVzc2VudGlhbFNTTCBXaWxkY2FyZDEY MBYGA1UEAwwPKi53ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tMIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCB iQKBgQCK4OuIOR18Wb8tNMGRZiD1c9X57b332Lj7DhbckFqLs0ys8kVDHrTXSj+T Ye9nmAvfPpZmBtE5p9qRNN79rUYugAdl+qEtE4IJe1bRfxXzcKa1SXa8+TEs3zQa zYSmcR2dDuC8om1eAdeCtt0NnkvANgm1VLwGOor/UHMASaEhCQIDAQABoIIG8jAa BgorBgEEAYI3DQIDMQwWCjYuMi45MjAwLjIwNAYJKwYBBAGCNxUUMScwJQIBBQwG UkFTWFBTDAtSQVNYUFNcUmljawwLSW5ldE1nci5leGUwZgYKKwYBBAGCNw0CAjFY MFYCAQIeTgBNAGkAYwByAG8AcwBvAGYAdAAgAFMAdAByAG8AbgBnACAAQwByAHkA cAB0AG8AZwByAGEAcABoAGkAYwAgAFAAcgBvAHYAaQBkAGUAcgMBADCCAQAGCSqG SIb3DQEJDjGB8jCB7zAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCBaAwDAYDVR0TAQH/BAIwADA0BgNV HSUELTArBggrBgEFBQcDAQYIKwYBBQUHAwIGCisGAQQBgjcKAwMGCWCGSAGG+EIE ATBPBgNVHSAESDBGMDoGCysGAQQBsjEBAgIHMCswKQYIKwYBBQUHAgEWHWh0dHBz Oi8vc2VjdXJlLmNvbW9kby5jb20vQ1BTMAgGBmeBDAECATApBgNVHREEIjAggg8q Lndlc3Qtd2luZC5jb22CDXdlc3Qtd2luZC5jb20wHQYDVR0OBBYEFEVLAyO8gDiv lsfovKrx9mHPyrsiMIIFMAYJKwYBBAGCNw0BMYIFITCCBR0wggQFoAMCAQICEQDu 1E1T5Jvtkm5LOfSHabWlMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMHIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkdCMRsw GQYDVQQIExJHcmVhdGVyIE1hbmNoZXN0ZXIxEDAOBgNVBAcTB1NhbGZvcmQxGjAY BgNVBAoTEUNPTU9ETyBDQSBMaW1pdGVkMRgwFgYDVQQDEw9Fc3NlbnRpYWxTU0wg Q0EwHhcNMTQwNTA3MDAwMDAwWhcNMTUwNjA2MjM1OTU5WjBdMSEwHwYDVQQLExhE b21haW4gQ29udHJvbCBWYWxpZGF0ZWQxHjAcBgNVBAsTFUVzc2VudGlhbFNTTCBX aWxkY2FyZDEYMBYGA1UEAxQPKi53ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0B AQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAiyKfL66XB51DlUfm6xXqJBcvMU2qorRHxC+WjEpB amvg8XoqNfCKzDAvLMbY4BLhbYCTagqtslnP3Gj4AKhXqRKU0n6iSbmS1gcWzCJM CHufZ5RDtuTuxhTdJxzP9YqZUfKV5abWQp/TK6V1ryaBJvdqM73q4tRjrQODtkiR PfZjxpybnBHFJS8jYAf8jcOjSDZcgN1d9Evc5MrEJCp/90cAkozyF/NMcFtD6Yj8 UM97z3MzDT2JPDoH3kAr3cCgpUNyQ2+wDNCnL9eWYFkOQi8FZMsZol7KlZ5NgNfO a7iZMVGbqDg6rkS//2uGe6tSQJTTs+mAZB+na+M8XT2UqwIDAQABo4IBwTCCAb0w HwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU2svqrVsIXcz//CZUzknlVcY49PgwHQYDVR0OBBYEFH0AmLiL RSEL9+sQD/n5O4N7/nnqMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIFoDAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMDQG A1UdJQQtMCsGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAgYKKwYBBAGCNwoDAwYJYIZIAYb4 QgQBME8GA1UdIARIMEYwOgYLKwYBBAGyMQECAgcwKzApBggrBgEFBQcCARYdaHR0 cHM6Ly9zZWN1cmUuY29tb2RvLmNvbS9DUFMwCAYGZ4EMAQIBMDsGA1UdHwQ0MDIw MKAuoCyGKmh0dHA6Ly9jcmwuY29tb2RvY2EuY29tL0Vzc2VudGlhbFNTTENBLmNy bDBuBggrBgEFBQcBAQRiMGAwOAYIKwYBBQUHMAKGLGh0dHA6Ly9jcnQuY29tb2Rv Y2EuY29tL0Vzc2VudGlhbFNTTENBXzIuY3J0MCQGCCsGAQUFBzABhhhodHRwOi8v b2NzcC5jb21vZG9jYS5jb20wKQYDVR0RBCIwIIIPKi53ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tgg13 ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQBqBfd6QHrxXsfgfKARG6np 8yszIPhHGPPmaE7xq7RpcZjY9H+8l6fe4jQbGFjbA5uHBklYI4m2snhPaW2p8iF8 YOkm2V2hEsSTnkf5/flw9mZtlCFEDFXSsBxBdNz8RYTthPMu1h09C0XuDB30sztg nR692FrxJN5/bXsk+MC9nEweTFW/t2HW+XZ8bhM7vsAS+pZionR4MyuQ0mYIt/lD csZVZ91KxTsIm8rNMkkYGFoSIXjQ0+0tCbxMF0i2qnpmNRpA6PU8l7lxxvPkplsk 9KB8QIPFrR5p/i/SUAd9vECWh5+/ktlcrfFP2PK7XcEwWizsvMrNqLyvQVNXSUPT MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4GBABt/NitwMzc5t22p5+zy4HXbVYzLEjesLH8/v0ot uLQ3kkG8tIWNh5RplxIxtilXt09H4Oxpo3fKUN0yw+E6WsBfg0sAF8pHNBdOJi48 azrQbt4HvKktQkGpgYFjLsormjF44SRtToLHlYycDHBNvjaBClUwMCq8HnwY6vDq xikRoIIFITCCBR0wggQFoAMCAQICEQDu1E1T5Jvtkm5LOfSHabWlMA0GCSqGSIb3 DQEBBQUAMHIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkdCMRswGQYDVQQIExJHcmVhdGVyIE1hbmNoZXN0 ZXIxEDAOBgNVBAcTB1NhbGZvcmQxGjAYBgNVBAoTEUNPTU9ETyBDQSBMaW1pdGVk MRgwFgYDVQQDEw9Fc3NlbnRpYWxTU0wgQ0EwHhcNMTQwNTA3MDAwMDAwWhcNMTUw NjA2MjM1OTU5WjBdMSEwHwYDVQQLExhEb21haW4gQ29udHJvbCBWYWxpZGF0ZWQx HjAcBgNVBAsTFUVzc2VudGlhbFNTTCBXaWxkY2FyZDEYMBYGA1UEAxQPKi53ZXN0 LXdpbmQuY29tMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAiyKfL66X B51DlUfm6xXqJBcvMU2qorRHxC+WjEpBamvg8XoqNfCKzDAvLMbY4BLhbYCTagqt slnP3Gj4AKhXqRKU0n6iSbmS1gcWzCJMCHufZ5RDtuTuxhTdJxzP9YqZUfKV5abW Qp/TK6V1ryaBJvdqM73q4tRjrQODtkiRPfZjxpybnBHFJS8jYAf8jcOjSDZcgN1d 9Evc5MrEJCp/90cAkozyF/NMcFtD6Yj8UM97z3MzDT2JPDoH3kAr3cCgpUNyQ2+w DNCnL9eWYFkOQi8FZMsZol7KlZ5NgNfOa7iZMVGbqDg6rkS//2uGe6tSQJTTs+mA ZB+na+M8XT2UqwIDAQABo4IBwTCCAb0wHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU2svqrVsIXcz//CZU zknlVcY49PgwHQYDVR0OBBYEFH0AmLiLRSEL9+sQD/n5O4N7/nnqMA4GA1UdDwEB /wQEAwIFoDAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMDQGA1UdJQQtMCsGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEF BQcDAgYKKwYBBAGCNwoDAwYJYIZIAYb4QgQBME8GA1UdIARIMEYwOgYLKwYBBAGy MQECAgcwKzApBggrBgEFBQcCARYdaHR0cHM6Ly9zZWN1cmUuY29tb2RvLmNvbS9D UFMwCAYGZ4EMAQIBMDsGA1UdHwQ0MDIwMKAuoCyGKmh0dHA6Ly9jcmwuY29tb2Rv Y2EuY29tL0Vzc2VudGlhbFNTTENBLmNybDBuBggrBgEFBQcBAQRiMGAwOAYIKwYB BQUHMAKGLGh0dHA6Ly9jcnQuY29tb2RvY2EuY29tL0Vzc2VudGlhbFNTTENBXzIu Y3J0MCQGCCsGAQUFBzABhhhodHRwOi8vb2NzcC5jb21vZG9jYS5jb20wKQYDVR0R BCIwIIIPKi53ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tgg13ZXN0LXdpbmQuY29tMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEB BQUAA4IBAQBqBfd6QHrxXsfgfKARG6np8yszIPhHGPPmaE7xq7RpcZjY9H+8l6fe 4jQbGFjbA5uHBklYI4m2snhPaW2p8iF8YOkm2V2hEsSTnkf5/flw9mZtlCFEDFXS sBxBdNz8RYTthPMu1h09C0XuDB30sztgnR692FrxJN5/bXsk+MC9nEweTFW/t2HW +XZ8bhM7vsAS+pZionR4MyuQ0mYIt/lDcsZVZ91KxTsIm8rNMkkYGFoSIXjQ0+0t CbxMF0i2qnpmNRpA6PU8l7lxxvPkplsk9KB8QIPFrR5p/i/SUAd9vECWh5+/ktlc rfFP2PK7XcEwWizsvMrNqLyvQVNXSUPTMYIBrzCCAasCAQEwgYcwcjELMAkGA1UE BhMCR0IxGzAZBgNVBAgTEkdyZWF0ZXIgTWFuY2hlc3RlcjEQMA4GA1UEBxMHU2Fs Zm9yZDEaMBgGA1UEChMRQ09NT0RPIENBIExpbWl0ZWQxGDAWBgNVBAMTD0Vzc2Vu dGlhbFNTTCBDQQIRAO7UTVPkm+2Sbks59IdptaUwCQYFKw4DAhoFADANBgkqhkiG 9w0BAQEFAASCAQB8PNQ6bYnQpWfkHyxnDuvNKw3wrqF2p7JMZm+SuN2qp3R2LpCR mW2LrGtQIm9Iob/QOYH+8houYNVdvsATGPXX2T8gzn+anof4tOG0vCTK1Bp9bwf9 MkRP+1c8RW/vkYmUW4X5/C+y3CZpMH5dDTaXBIpXFzjX/fxNpH/rvLzGiaYYL3Cn OLO+aOADr9qq5yoqwpiYCSfYNNYKTUNNGfYIidQwYtbHXEYhSukB2oR89xD2sZZ4 bOqFjUPgTa5SsERLDDeg3omMKiIXVYGxlqBEq51Kge6IQt4qQV9P9VgInW7cWmKe dTqNHI9ri3ttewdEnT++TKGKKfTjX9SR8Waj -----END NEW CERTIFICATE REQUEST----- Clearly there’s something very different between this an my original request! And it didn’t work. IIS creates a custom CSR that is encoded in a format that no certificate authority I’ve ever used uses. If you want the gory details of what’s in there look at this ServerFault question (thanks to Mika in the comments). In the end it doesn’t matter  though – no certificate authority knows what to do with this CSR. So create a new CSR and skip the renewal. Always! Use the same Server Keep in mind that on IIS at least you should always create your certificate on a single server and then when you receive the final certificate from your provider import it on that server. IIS tracks the CSR it created and requires it in order to import the final certificate properly. So if for some reason you try to install the certificate on another server, it won’t work. I’ve also run into trouble trying to install the same certificate twice – this time around I didn’t give my certificate the proper friendly name and IIS failed to allow me to assign the certificate to any of my Web sites. So I removed the certificate and tried to import again, only to find it failed the second time around. There are other ways to fix this, but in my case I had to have the certificate re-issued to work – not what you want to do. Regardless of what you do though, when you import make sure you do it right the first time by crossing all your t’s and dotting your i's– it’ll save you a lot of grief! You don’t actually have to use the server that the certificate gets installed on to generate the CSR and first install it, but it is generally a good idea to do so just so you can get the certificate installed into the right place right away. If you have access to the server where you need to install the certificate you might as well use it. But you can use another machine to generated the and install the certificate, then export the certificate and move it to another machine as needed. So you can use your Dev machine to create a certificate then export it and install it on a live server. More on installation and back up/export later. Installing the Certificate Once you’ve submitted a CSR request your provider will process the request and eventually issue you a new final certificate that contains another text file with the final key to import into your certificate store. IIS does this by combining the content in your certificate request with the original CSR. If all goes well your new certificate shows up in the certificate list and you’re ready to assign the certificate to your sites. Make sure you use a friendly name that matches domain name of your site. So use *.mysite.com or www.mysite.com or store.mysite.com to ensure IIS recognizes the certificate. I made the mistake of not naming my friendly name this way and found that IIS was unable to link my sites to my wildcard certificate. It needed to have the *. as part of the certificate otherwise the Hostname input field was blanked out. Changing the Friendly Name If you by accidentally used an invalid friendly name you can change it later in the Windows certificate store. Bring up a Run Box Type MMC File | Add/Remove Snap In Add Certificates | Computer Account | Local Computer Drill into Certificates | Personal | Certificates Find your Certificate | Right Click | Properties Edit the Friendly Name | Click OK Backing up your Certificate The first thing you should do once your certificate is successfully installed is to back it up! In case your server crashes or you otherwise lose your configuration this will ensure you have an easy way to recover and reinstall your certificate either on the same server or a different one. If you’re running a server farm or using a wildcard certificate you also need to get the certificate onto other machines and a PFX file import is the easiest way to do this. To back up your certificate select your certificate and choose Export from the context or sidebar menu: The Export Certificate option allows you to export a password protected binary file that you can import in a single step. You can copy the resulting binary PFX file to back up or copy to other machines to install on. Importing the certificate on another machine is as easy as pointing at the PFX file and specifying the password. IIS handles the rest. Assigning a new certificate to your Site Once you have the new certificate installed, all that’s left to do is assign it to your site. In IIS select your Web site and bring up the Site Bindings from the right sidebar. Add a new binding for https, bind it to port 443, specify your hostname and pick the certificate from the pick list. If you’re using a root site make sure to set up your certificate for www.yoursite.com and also for yoursite.com so that both work properly with SSL. Note that you need to explicitly configure each hostname for a certificate if you plan to use SSL. Luckily if you update your SSL certificate in the following year, IIS prompts you and asks whether you like to update all other sites that are using the existing cert to the newer cert. And you’re done. So what’s the Pain? So, all of this is old hat and it doesn’t look all that bad right? So what’s the pain here? Well if you follow the instructions and do everything right, then the process is about as straight forward as you would expect it to be. You create a cert request, you import it and assign it to your sites. That’s the basic steps and to be perfectly fair it works well – if nothing goes wrong. However, renewing tends to be the problem. The first unintuitive issue is that you simply shouldn’t renew but create a new CSR and generate your new certificate from that. Over the years I’ve fallen prey to the belief that Microsoft eventually will fix this so that the renewal creates the same type of CSR as the old cert, but apparently that will just never happen. Booo! The other problem I ran into is that I accidentally misnamed my imported certificate which in turn set off a chain of events that caused my originally issued certificate to become uninstallable. When I received my completed certificate I installed it and it installed just fine, but the friendly name was wrong. As a result IIS refused to assign the certificate to any of my host headered sites. That’s strike number one. Why the heck should the friendly name have any effect on the ability to attach the certificate??? Next I uninstalled the certificate because I figured that would be the easiest way to make sure I get it right. But I found that I could not reinstall my certificate. I kept getting these stop errors: "ASN1 bad tag value met" that would prevent the installation from completion. After searching around for this error and reading countless long messages on forums, I found that this error supposedly does not actually mean the install failed, but the list wouldn’t refresh. Commodo has this to say: Note: There is a known issue in IIS 7 giving the following error: "Cannot find the certificate request associated with this certificate file. A certificate request must be completed on the computer where it was created." You may also receive a message stating "ASN1 bad tag value met". If this is the same server that you generated the CSR on then, in most cases, the certificate is actually installed. Simply cancel the dialog and press "F5" to refresh the list of server certificates. If the new certificate is now in the list, you can continue with the next step. If it is not in the list, you will need to reissue your certificate using a new CSR (see our CSR creation instructions for IIS 7). After creating a new CSR, login to your Comodo account and click the 'replace' button for your certificate. Not sure if this issue is fixed in IIS 8 but that’s an insane bug to have crop up. As it turns out, in my case the refresh didn’t work and the certificate didn’t show up in the IIS list after the reinstall. In fact when looking at the certificate store I could see my certificate was installed in the right place, but the private key is missing which is most likely why IIS is not picking it up. It looks like IIS could not match the final cert to the original CSR generated. But again some sort of message to that affect might be helpful instead of ASN1 bad tag value met. Recovering the Private Key So it turns out my original problem was that I received the published key, but when I imported the private key was missing. There’s a relatively easy way to recover from this. If your certificate doesn’t show up in IIS check in the certificate store for the local machine (see steps above on how to bring this up). If you look at the certificate in Certificates/Personal/Certificates make sure you see the key as shown in the image below: if the key is missing it means that the certificate is missing the private key most likely. To fix a certificate you can do the following: Double click the certificate Go to the Details Tab Copy down the Serial number You can copy the serial number from the area blurred out above. The serial number will be in a format like ?00 a7 9b a1 a4 9d 91 63 57 d6 9f 26 b8 ee 79 b5 cb and you’ll need to strip out the spaces in order to use it in the next step. Next open up an Administrative command prompt and issue the following command: certutil -repairstore my 00a79ba1a49d916357d69f26b8ee79b5cb You should get a confirmation message that the repair worked. If you now go back to the certificate store you should now see the key icon show up on the certificate. Your certificate is fixed. Now go back into IIS Manager and refresh the list of certificates and if all goes well you should see all the certificates that showed in the cert store now: Remember – back up the key first then map to your site… Summary I deal with a lot of customers who run their own IIS servers, and I can’t tell you how often I hear about botched SSL installations. When I posted some of my issues on Twitter yesterday I got a hell storm of “me too” responses. I’m clearly not the only one, who’s run into this especially with renewals. I feel pretty comfortable with IIS configuration and I do a lot of it for support purposes, but the SSL configuration is one that never seems to go seamlessly. This blog post is meant as reminder to myself to read next time I do a renewal. So I can dot my i's and dash my t’s before I get caught in the mess I’m dealing with today. Hopefully some of you find this useful as well.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2014Posted in IIS7  Security   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• New Product: Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 – Small, Smart, Connected

  - by terrencebarr

  The Internet of Things (IoT) is coming. And, with todays launch of the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 product, Java is going to play an even greater role in it. Java in the Internet of Things By all accounts, intelligent embedded devices are penetrating the world around us – driving industrial processes, monitoring environmental conditions, providing better health care, analyzing and processing data, and much more. And these devices are becoming increasingly connected, adding another dimension of utility. Welcome to the Internet of Things. As I blogged yesterday, this is a huge opportunity for the Java technology and ecosystem. To enable and utilize these billions of devices effectively you need a programming model, tools, and protocols which provide a feature-rich, consistent, scalable, manageable, and interoperable platform.  Java technology is ideally suited to address these technical and business problems, enabling you eliminate many of the typical challenges in designing embedded solutions. By using Java you can focus on building smarter, more valuable embedded solutions faster. To wit, Java technology is already powering around 10 billion devices worldwide. Delivering on this vision and accelerating the growth of embedded Java solutions, Oracle is today announcing a brand-new product: Oracle Java Micro Edition (ME) Embedded 3.2, accompanied by an update release of the Java ME Software Development Kit (SDK) to version 3.2. What is Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2? Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 is a complete Java runtime client, optimized for ARM architecture connected microcontrollers and other resource-constrained systems. The product provides dedicated embedded functionality and is targeted for low-power, limited memory devices requiring support for a range of network services and I/O interfaces.  What features and APIs are provided by Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2? Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 is a Java ME runtime based on CLDC 1.1 (JSR-139) and IMP-NG (JSR-228). The runtime and virtual machine (VM) are highly optimized for embedded use. Also included in the product are the following optional JSRs and Oracle APIs: File I/O API’s (JSR-75)  Wireless Messaging API’s (JSR-120) Web Services (JSR-172) Security and Trust Services subset (JSR-177) Location API’s (JSR-179) XML API’s (JSR-280)  Device Access API Application Management System (AMS) API AccessPoint API Logging API Additional embedded features are: Remote application management system Support for continuous 24×7 operation Application monitoring, auto-start, and system recovery Application access to peripheral interfaces such as GPIO, I2C, SPIO, memory mapped I/O Application level logging framework, including option for remote logging Headless on-device debugging – source level Java application debugging over IP Connection Remote configuration of the Java VM What type of platforms are targeted by Oracle Java ME 3.2 Embedded? The product is designed for embedded, always-on, resource-constrained, headless (no graphics/no UI), connected (wired or wireless) devices with a variety of peripheral I/O.  The high-level system requirements are as follows: System based on ARM architecture SOCs Memory footprint (approximate) from 130 KB RAM/350KB ROM (for a minimal, customized configuration) to 700 KB RAM/1500 KB ROM (for the full, standard configuration)  Very simple embedded kernel, or a more capable embedded OS/RTOS At least one type of network connection (wired or wireless) The initial release of the product is delivered as a device emulation environment for x86/Windows desktop computers, integrated with the Java ME SDK 3.2. A standard binary of Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 for ARM KEIL development boards based on ARM Cortex M-3/4 (KEIL MCBSTM32F200 using ST Micro SOC STM32F207IG) will soon be available for download from the Oracle Technology Network (OTN).  What types of applications can I develop with Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2? The Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 product is a full-featured embedded Java runtime supporting applications based on the IMP-NG application model, which is derived from the well-known MIDP 2 application model. The runtime supports execution of multiple concurrent applications, remote application management, versatile connectivity, and a rich set of APIs and features relevant for embedded use cases, including the ability to interact with peripheral I/O directly from Java applications. This rich feature set, coupled with familiar and best-in class software development tools, allows developers to quickly build and deploy sophisticated embedded solutions for a wide range of use cases. Target markets well supported by Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 include wireless modules for M2M, industrial and building control, smart grid infrastructure, home automation, and environmental sensors and tracking. What tools are available for embedded application development for Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2? Along with the release of Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2, Oracle is also making available an updated version of the Java ME Software Development Kit (SDK), together with plug-ins for the NetBeans and Eclipse IDEs, to deliver a complete development environment for embedded application development.  OK – sounds great! Where can I find out more? And how do I get started? There is a complete set of information, data sheet, API documentation, “Getting Started Guide”, FAQ, and download links available: For an overview of Oracle Embeddable Java, see here. For the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 press release, see here. For the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 data sheet, see here. For the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 landing page, see here. For the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 documentation page, including a “Getting Started Guide” and FAQ, see here. For the Oracle Java ME SDK 3.2 landing and download page, see here. Finally, to ask more questions, please see the OTN “Java ME Embedded” forum To get started, grab the “Getting Started Guide” and download the Java ME SDK 3.2, which includes the Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 device emulation.  Can I learn more about Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 at JavaOne and/or Java Embedded @ JavaOne? Glad you asked Both conferences, JavaOne and Java Embedded @ JavaOne, will feature a host of content and information around the new Oracle Java ME Embedded 3.2 product, from technical and business sessions, to hands-on tutorials, and demos. Stay tuned, I will post details shortly. Cheers, – Terrence Filed under: Mobile & Embedded Tagged: "Oracle Java ME Embedded", Connected, embedded, Embedded Java, Java Embedded @ JavaOne, JavaOne, Smart

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• Ich bin jetzt Oracle Certified Associate!

  - by britta.wolf

  Jan Peuker, Absolvent der Hochschule Augsburg und University of Melbourne, hat vor kurzem das Zertifikat Oracle Database 10g Administrator Certified Associate erworben. Er hat uns netterweise mit diesem kleinen Text versorgt: "Die Oracle Zertifizierung beginnt üblicherweise mit dem Oracle Certified Associate. Für diese Zertifizierung ist noch keine tiefgehende Praxiserfahrung notwendig. Um den Titel des Oracle Database 11g Administrator Certified Associate zu erlangen, muss man eine Prüfung zu SQL (z.B. 1Z0-051) sowie eine Prüfung zur Administration (1Z0-045) ablegen. Beide Prüfungen dauern 2 Stunden und haben ca. 80 Fragen von denen etwa drei Viertel richtig beantwortet werden müssen, um zu bestehen. Eine Note gibt es nicht. Die Prüfungen finden immer elektronisch statt, die Software erlaubt das Überspringen und Markieren von Fragen. Während meiner Arbeitszeit nach meinem ersten Studium hatte ich häufig mit dem Oracle Datenbanksystem zu tun. Als ich mein Aufbaustudium an der University of Melbourne absolvierte, wurde mir von der Studienberaterin vorgeschlagen, den Kurs „Advanced Database Administration" zu belegen. Dieser beruht vollständig auf den offiziellen Oracle Trainings-Unterlagen zur Prüfung in Oracle Administration und erlaubt daher die Teilnahme an der offiziellen Zertifizierung. Im Gegensatz zur SQL Prüfung, deren Inhalt man sich gut selbst aneignen kann, hilft bei der Administrator-Zertifizierung ein echter Kurs mit Seminar ungemein. Viele Konzepte lassen sich schwer aus einem Buch lernen. Die Bestandteile der SGA oder das Anlegen von Benutzern mögen leicht zugänglich sein, Redo- und Undo-Management sowie Backup und Recovery kann man nur verstehen, wenn man Beispiele hat und diese an einem Testsystem (keine "kleine" XE-Datenbank, sondern eine "richtige" Datenbank mit Enterprise Manager) ausprobieren kann. Übermäßig viel Zeit habe ich keinesfalls investiert, weil das Grundsystem sehr logisch ist. Für die weniger nachvollziehbaren Bereiche, besonders die neuen Features, habe ich mir Fachbegriffe auf Lernkarten geschrieben und die Trainingsunterlagen am System durchgespielt. Die Prüfung war für mich überraschend schwer, weil das einfache "Tagesgeschäft" deutlich unterrepräsentiert ist. In den Multiple-Choice-Fragen werden viele Besonderheiten und Use-Cases abgefragt (online findet man viele Beispielfragen). Da beide Tests in Englisch sind, sollte man nicht nur in der Terminologie des Oracle Datenbanksystems sondern auch in Fachbegriffen der Datenbankwelt allgemein bewandert sein. Oft machen einzelne Wörter (z.B. redundant oder synchronized, redo log oder redo log buffer) die richtige Antwort aus, ein signifikanter Anteil der Fragen beruht auf Zeichnungen oder Diagrammen, die beschrieben werden müssen. So muss man z.B. anhand eines Log-Auszugs beurteilen, warum die Datenbank nicht sauber geschlossen wurde. Allgemeines Wissen über Datenbanksysteme hilft leider nicht viel, da überproportional viele Fragen zu Oracle-spezifischen Themen gestellt werden, wie z.B. Optimierungs-Dienste (ADDM), Flashback, SQL Loader und ein wenig PL/SQL. Die SQL Prüfung ist dagegen sehr geradlinig - was aber nicht einfacher heißt. Hier kommt es mehr auf Auswendiglernen von Syntax an, was mir persönlich nicht liegt. Vor allem als Anwendungsprogrammierer kennt man oft proprietäre SQL-Funktionen nicht, es fällt schwer, sich einzelne Datumsberechnungsfunktionen, Typkonvertierungen, Namespaces oder krude Join-Methoden zu merken. Auf all dies wird in der Prüfung aber sehr viel Wert gelegt. Auch hier wird man wieder mit zweideutigen Multiple-Choice Fragen konfrontiert, bei denen sich z.B. nur die Reihenfolge der Parameter unterscheidet. Zudem sind die Parameter auch nicht ausgeschrieben, sondern in einem Entity-Relationship-Diagramm gegeben, wobei man auf die richtigen Datentypen achten muss. Mir persönlich war die Zeit fast zu knapp bemessen, weil man bei vielen Fragen erst ein Diagramm, einen Datenauszug oder einen längeren Text lesen muss, um dann die richtigen Statements zu finden. Hier helfen Lernkarten also nur bedingt - stattdessen üben, üben, üben. Durch den relativ niedrigen Pass-Score von 70% kann man es sich leisten, unsichere Fragen zuerst zu überspringen und erst nachdem alle sicheren beantwortet sind, zu überdenken. Die Prüfung ist auf jeden Fall fair. Ich habe durch das Oracle-Zertifizierungsprogramm viel gelernt. Die Datenbanken unter meiner Aufsicht laufen deutlich performanter und liefern höhere Verfügbarkeit, weil ich Probleme eliminieren konnte, die mir vorher nicht klar waren. Eine klassische Misskonfiguration, volle Archive Logs, weil diese mit zu lange gehaltenem Flashback-Speicher kollidieren, konnte ich bereits in einer der ersten Stunden meines Kurses an der Uni Melbourne mit Hilfe meines Professors klären. Beide Prüfungen waren problemlos parallel zu anderen Prüfungen zu absolvieren. Empfehlen kann ich eine gründliche Online-Recherche aber auch die Oracle Press-Bücher, welche mit Prüfungsfragen am Ende jedes Kapitels aufwarten. So spart man sich Zeit und ist trotzdem gut vorbereitet. Auch wenn ich keine Laufbahn als Administrator einschlagen werde, bin ich froh die zugrundeliegende Technologie vieler Anwendungen besser zu verstehen. Für meine tägliche Arbeit als Anwendungsentwickler hat es mir vor allem geholfen, Oracle-Konzepte z.B. im Bereich der Transaktionssteuerung und Wiederherstellung zu verstehen und damit viele Open Source Produkte jetzt sinnvoller bewerten und empfehlen zu können." Eine Übersicht der Zertifizierungspfade finden Sie auf der Oracle University Webseite (dann einfach "Deutschland""auswählen und anschließend auf den Punkt "Zertifizierungen" klicken).

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• Kaiden and the Arachnoid Cyst

  - by Martin Hinshelwood

  Some of you may remember when my son Kaiden was born I posted pictures of him and his sister. Kaiden is now 15 months old and is progressing perfectly in every area except that and we had been worried that he was not walking yet. We were only really concerned as his sister was walking at 8 months. Figure: Kai as his usual self   Jadie and I were concerned over that and that he had a rather large head (noggin) so we talked to various GP’s and our health visitor who immediately dismissed our concerns every time. That was until about two months ago when we happened to get a GP whose daughter had Hyper Mobility and she recognised the symptoms immediately. We were referred to the Southbank clinic who were lovely and the paediatrician confirmed that he had Hyper Mobility after testing all of his faculties. This just means that his joints are overly mobile and would need a little physiotherapy to help him out. At the end the paediatrician remarked offhand that he has a rather large head and wanted to measure it. Sure enough he was a good margin above the highest percentile mark for his height and weight. The paediatrician showed the measurements to a paediatric consultant who, as a precautionary measure, referred us for an MRI at Yorkhill Children's hospital. Now, Yorkhill has always been fantastic to us, and this was no exception. You know we have NEVER had a correct diagnosis for the kids (with the exception of the above) from a GP and indeed twice have been proscribed incorrect medication that made the kids sicker! We now always go strait to Yorkhill to save them having to fix GP mistakes as well. Monday 24th May, 7pm The scan went fantastically, with Kaiden sleeping in the MRI machine for all but 5 minutes at the end where he waited patiently for it to finish. We were not expecting anything to be wrong as this was just a precautionary scan to make sure that nothing in his head was affecting his gross motor skills. After the scan we were told to expect a call towards the end of the week… Tuesday 25th May, 12pm The very next day we got a call from Southbank who said that they has found an Arachnoid Cyst and could we come in the next day to see a Consultant and that Kai would need an operation. Wednesday 26th May, 12:30pm We went into the Southbank clinic and spoke to the paediatric consultant who assured us that it was operable but that it was taking up considerable space in Kai’s head. Cerebrospinal fluid is building up as a cyst is blocking the channels it uses to drain. Thankfully they told us that prospects were good and that Kai would expect to make a full recovery before showing us the MRI pictures. Figure: Normal brain MRI cross section. This normal scan shows the spaces in the middle of the brain that contain and produce the Cerebrospinal fluid. Figure: Normal Cerebrospinal Flow This fluid is needed by the brain but is drained in the middle down the spinal column. Figure: Kai’s cyst blocking the four channels. I do not think that I need to explain the difference between the healthy picture and Kai’s picture. However you can see in this first picture the faint outline of the cyst in the middle that is blocking the four channels from draining. After seeing the scans a Neurosurgeon has decided that he is not acute, but needs an operation to unblock the flow. Figure: OMFG! You can see in the second picture the effect of the build up of fluid. If I was not horrified by the first picture I was seriously horrified by this one. What next? Kai is not presenting the symptoms of vomiting or listlessness that would show an immediate problem and as such we will get an appointment to see the Paediatric Neurosurgeon at the Southern General hospital in about 4 weeks. This timescale is based on the Neurosurgeon seeing the scans. After that Kai will need an operation to release the pressure and either remove the cyst completely or put in a permanent shunt (tube from brain to stomach) to bypass the blockage. We have updated his notes for the referral with additional recent information on top of the scan that the consultant things will help improve the timescales, but that is just a guess.   All we can do now is wait and see, and be watchful for tell tail signs of listlessness, eye problems and vomiting that would signify a worsening of his condition.   Technorati Tags: Personal

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• Twitter Bootstrap styling conflicts with plug-ins like jqGrid and other third part libraries

  - by Renso

  Issues:The concern is that the Twitter Bootstrap framework is that some of their css selectors are simply too generic and have incompatibility issues and conflicts with most third party plug-ins and css libraries, like jQuery-UI and jqGrid.My most pressing concern is only with the generic selector for the styling of "INPUT" controls.Some concerns:So basically anyone using BS (Bootstrap) will have to override styling 100% of the time on all input controls on all their web pages for all the plug-ins they use that render their own styling for input controls. This seems to chisel away any reason for using Bootstrap. Overriding Bootstrap css in this case seems illogical at best as it implies the BS styling is not correct or as granular as it is supposed to be. It also suggests you realize there is an issue here. Any person who has written a fair amount of css will realize that it is a mammoth task to to take an existing app, converting it to BS and then having to find all non-BS input controls and styling them all. The worst part is that there is no generic styling for this as each input control has a different source/context, some are regular tags and some belong to plug-ins, each with their own flavor of styling. For new web apps the challenge is not that different, each time you add a new plug-in you will have to test all facets of it, and I mean all of it, pop-ups, etc, that contain any kind of input control to make sure it is styled correctly. I am having a hard time seeing the benefits of BS in this context. So until the BS team addresses the issue, or not, you may be wondering what is the easiest solution.Help the community to drive this issue home by creating a new issue on github, see my entry here: https://github.com/twitter/bootstrap/issues/4008. As you can see I got some good and some negative feedback, but we all agree it is an issue. I do believe my solution below should be reverse compatible if the proper class declarations were followed as recommended by Bootstrap.The solution:Add a higher-level qualifier to the input selector, which may not break anything.  Add "control-group" and "controls" classes as higher-level selectors, as they have to be declared inside those classes anyway as far as I understand the design approach of BS. So in my example below can modify the css without possible breaking anything, see the css at the bottom. I tested this briefly and seems to render just as expected. May not be complete as I only spent a few minutes on the css. Your feedback will be greatly appreciated. <div class="control-group">    <label title="" for="Contact_FirstName" class="control-label">First Name</label>    <div class="controls">        <input type="text" value="" name="Contact.FirstName" id="Contact_FirstName" data-val-required="The Reader Contact&amp;#39;s First Name is required" data-val-length-min="2" data-val-length-max="250" data-val-length="The maximum length allowed for the Reader Contact&amp;#39;s First Name is 250 characters and must be two or more characters long" data-val="true" class="input-medium">        <span data-valmsg-replace="true" data-valmsg-for="Contact.FirstName" class="field-validation-valid"></span>    </div></div>Here are the SCSS (SASS) updates. In stead of just including the updates I decided to include the entire bootstrap SCSS file so you can just copy-and-paste it in stead of trying to figure out what selectors have changed./*! * Bootstrap v2.0.4 * Enhacement by Renso Hollhumer * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc * Licensed under the Apache License v2.0 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Designed and built with all the love in the world @twitter by @mdo and @fat. * Enhancement by Renso Hollhumer: To isolate styling of INPUT tags to the Bootstrap context only */.clearfix {  *zoom: 1;}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.clearfix:after {  clear: both;}.hide-text {  font: 0/0 a;  color: transparent;  text-shadow: none;  background-color: transparent;  border: 0;}.input-block-level {  display: block;  width: 100%;  min-height: 28px;  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;  -ms-box-sizing: border-box;  box-sizing: border-box;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section {  display: block;}audio,canvas,video {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  *zoom: 1;}audio:not([controls]) {  display: none;}html {  font-size: 100%;  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;}a:focus {  outline: thin dotted #333;  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;  outline-offset: -2px;}a:hover,a:active {  outline: 0;}sub,sup {  position: relative;  font-size: 75%;  line-height: 0;  vertical-align: baseline;}sup {  top: -0.5em;}sub {  bottom: -0.25em;}img {  max-width: 100%;  vertical-align: middle;  border: 0;  -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;}#map_canvas img {  max-width: none;}button,input,select,textarea {  margin: 0;  font-size: 100%;  vertical-align: middle;}button,input {  *overflow: visible;  line-height: normal;}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner {  padding: 0;  border: 0;}button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"] 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700px;}.span8 {  width: 620px;}.span7 {  width: 540px;}.span6 {  width: 460px;}.span5 {  width: 380px;}.span4 {  width: 300px;}.span3 {  width: 220px;}.span2 {  width: 140px;}.span1 {  width: 60px;}.offset12 {  margin-left: 980px;}.offset11 {  margin-left: 900px;}.offset10 {  margin-left: 820px;}.offset9 {  margin-left: 740px;}.offset8 {  margin-left: 660px;}.offset7 {  margin-left: 580px;}.offset6 {  margin-left: 500px;}.offset5 {  margin-left: 420px;}.offset4 {  margin-left: 340px;}.offset3 {  margin-left: 260px;}.offset2 {  margin-left: 180px;}.offset1 {  margin-left: 100px;}.row-fluid {  width: 100%;  *zoom: 1;}.row-fluid:before,.row-fluid:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.row-fluid:after {  clear: both;}.row-fluid [class*="span"] {  display: block;  width: 100%;  min-height: 28px;  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;  -ms-box-sizing: border-box;  box-sizing: border-box;  float: left;  margin-left: 2.127659574%;  *margin-left: 2.0744680846382977%;}.row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {  margin-left: 0;}.row-fluid .span12 {  width: 99.99999998999999%;  *width: 99.94680850063828%;}.row-fluid .span11 {  width: 91.489361693%;  *width: 91.4361702036383%;}.row-fluid .span10 {  width: 82.97872339599999%;  *width: 82.92553190663828%;}.row-fluid .span9 {  width: 74.468085099%;  *width: 74.4148936096383%;}.row-fluid .span8 {  width: 65.95744680199999%;  *width: 65.90425531263828%;}.row-fluid .span7 {  width: 57.446808505%;  *width: 57.3936170156383%;}.row-fluid .span6 {  width: 48.93617020799999%;  *width: 48.88297871863829%;}.row-fluid .span5 {  width: 40.425531911%;  *width: 40.3723404216383%;}.row-fluid .span4 {  width: 31.914893614%;  *width: 31.8617021246383%;}.row-fluid .span3 {  width: 23.404255317%;  *width: 23.3510638276383%;}.row-fluid .span2 {  width: 14.89361702%;  *width: 14.8404255306383%;}.row-fluid .span1 {  width: 6.382978723%;  *width: 6.329787233638298%;}.container {  margin-right: auto;  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.span8 {  float: none;  width: 604px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span9 {  float: none;  width: 684px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span10 {  float: none;  width: 764px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span11 {  float: none;  width: 844px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span12 {  float: none;  width: 924px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span13 {  float: none;  width: 1004px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span14 {  float: none;  width: 1084px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span15 {  float: none;  width: 1164px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span16 {  float: none;  width: 1244px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span17 {  float: none;  width: 1324px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span18 {  float: none;  width: 1404px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span19 {  float: none;  width: 1484px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span20 {  float: none;  width: 1564px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span21 {  float: none;  width: 1644px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span22 {  float: none;  width: 1724px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span23 {  float: none;  width: 1804px;  margin-left: 0;}table 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input[type="email"],    input[type="url"],    input[type="search"],    input[type="tel"],    input[type="color"],    .uneditable-input {      display: inline-block;      height: 18px;      padding: 4px;      margin-bottom: 9px;      font-size: 13px;      line-height: 18px;      color: #555555;    }}.control-group .controls {    input,    textarea {      width: 210px;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea {      height: auto;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea,    input[type="text"],    input[type="password"],    input[type="datetime"],    input[type="datetime-local"],    input[type="date"],    input[type="month"],    input[type="time"],    input[type="week"],    input[type="number"],    input[type="email"],    input[type="url"],    input[type="search"],    input[type="tel"],    input[type="color"],    .uneditable-input {      background-color: #ffffff;      border: 1px solid #cccccc;      -webkit-border-radius: 3px;      -moz-border-radius: 3px;      border-radius: 3px;      -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      -webkit-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -moz-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -ms-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -o-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea:focus,    input[type="text"]:focus,    input[type="password"]:focus,    input[type="datetime"]:focus,    input[type="datetime-local"]:focus,    input[type="date"]:focus,    input[type="month"]:focus,    input[type="time"]:focus,    input[type="week"]:focus,    input[type="number"]:focus,    input[type="email"]:focus,    input[type="url"]:focus,    input[type="search"]:focus,    input[type="tel"]:focus,    input[type="color"]:focus,    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*margin-top: 4px;      /* For IE7, add top margin to align select with labels */      line-height: 28px;    }}.control-group .controls {    select {      width: 220px;      border: 1px solid #bbb;    }}.control-group .controls {    select[multiple],    select[size] {      height: auto;    }}.control-group .controls {    select:focus,    input[type="file"]:focus,    input[type="radio"]:focus,    input[type="checkbox"]:focus {      outline: thin dotted #333;      outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;      outline-offset: -2px;    }}.radio,.checkbox {  min-height: 18px;  padding-left: 18px;}.radio input[type="radio"],.checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {  float: left;  margin-left: -18px;}.controls > .radio:first-child,.controls > .checkbox:first-child {  padding-top: 5px;}.radio.inline,.checkbox.inline {  display: inline-block;  padding-top: 5px;  margin-bottom: 0;  vertical-align: middle;}.radio.inline + .radio.inline,.checkbox.inline + .checkbox.inline {  margin-left: 10px;}.control-group .controls {    .input-mini {      width: 60px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-small {      width: 90px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-medium {      width: 150px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-large {      width: 210px;    }}.input-xlarge {    .input-xlarge {      width: 270px;    }}.input-xxlarge {    .input-xxlarge {      width: 530px;    }}.control-group .controls {    input[class*="span"],    select[class*="span"],    textarea[class*="span"],    .uneditable-input[class*="span"],    .row-fluid input[class*="span"],    .row-fluid select[class*="span"],    .row-fluid textarea[class*="span"],    .row-fluid .uneditable-input[class*="span"] {      float: none;      margin-left: 0;    }}.input-append input[class*="span"],.input-append .uneditable-input[class*="span"],.input-prepend input[class*="span"],.input-prepend .uneditable-input[class*="span"],.row-fluid .input-prepend [class*="span"],.row-fluid .input-append [class*="span"] {  display: inline-block;}.control-group .controls {    input,    textarea,    .uneditable-input {      margin-left: 0;    }}input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {  width: 930px;}input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {  width: 850px;}input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {  width: 770px;}input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {  width: 690px;}input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {  width: 610px;}input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {  width: 530px;}input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {  width: 450px;}input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {  width: 370px;}input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {  width: 290px;}input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {  width: 210px;}input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {  width: 130px;}input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {  width: 50px;}input[disabled],select[disabled],textarea[disabled],input[readonly],select[readonly],textarea[readonly] {  cursor: not-allowed;  background-color: #eeeeee;  border-color: #ddd;}input[type="radio"][disabled],input[type="checkbox"][disabled],input[type="radio"][readonly],input[type="checkbox"][readonly] {  background-color: transparent;}.control-group.warning > label,.control-group.warning .help-block,.control-group.warning .help-inline {  color: #c09853;}.control-group.warning .checkbox,.control-group.warning .radio,.control-group.warning input,.control-group.warning select,.control-group.warning textarea {  color: #c09853;  border-color: #c09853;}.control-group.warning .checkbox:focus,.control-group.warning .radio:focus,.control-group.warning input:focus,.control-group.warning select:focus,.control-group.warning textarea:focus {  border-color: #a47e3c;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;}.control-group.warning .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.warning .input-append .add-on {  color: #c09853;  background-color: #fcf8e3;  border-color: #c09853;}.control-group.error > label,.control-group.error .help-block,.control-group.error .help-inline {  color: #b94a48;}.control-group.error .checkbox,.control-group.error .radio,.control-group.error input,.control-group.error select,.control-group.error textarea {  color: #b94a48;  border-color: #b94a48;}.control-group.error .checkbox:focus,.control-group.error .radio:focus,.control-group.error input:focus,.control-group.error select:focus,.control-group.error textarea:focus {  border-color: #953b39;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;}.control-group.error .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.error .input-append .add-on {  color: #b94a48;  background-color: #f2dede;  border-color: #b94a48;}.control-group.success > label,.control-group.success .help-block,.control-group.success .help-inline {  color: #468847;}.control-group.success .checkbox,.control-group.success .radio,.control-group.success input,.control-group.success select,.control-group.success textarea {  color: #468847;  border-color: #468847;}.control-group.success .checkbox:focus,.control-group.success .radio:focus,.control-group.success input:focus,.control-group.success select:focus,.control-group.success textarea:focus {  border-color: #356635;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;}.control-group.success .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.success .input-append .add-on {  color: #468847;  background-color: #dff0d8;  border-color: #468847;}input:focus:required:invalid,textarea:focus:required:invalid,select:focus:required:invalid {  color: #b94a48;  border-color: #ee5f5b;}input:focus:required:invalid:focus,textarea:focus:required:invalid:focus,select:focus:required:invalid:focus {  border-color: #e9322d;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 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5px;}.input-prepend,.input-append {  margin-bottom: 5px;}.input-prepend input,.input-append input,.input-prepend select,.input-append select,.input-prepend .uneditable-input,.input-append .uneditable-input {  position: relative;  margin-bottom: 0;  *margin-left: 0;  vertical-align: middle;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.input-prepend input:focus,.input-append input:focus,.input-prepend select:focus,.input-append select:focus,.input-prepend .uneditable-input:focus,.input-append .uneditable-input:focus {  z-index: 2;}.input-prepend .uneditable-input,.input-append .uneditable-input {  border-left-color: #ccc;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-append .add-on {  display: inline-block;  width: auto;  height: 18px;  min-width: 16px;  padding: 4px 5px;  font-weight: normal;  line-height: 18px;  text-align: center;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  vertical-align: middle;  background-color: #eeeeee;  border: 1px solid #ccc;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-append .add-on,.input-prepend .btn,.input-append .btn {  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.input-prepend .active,.input-append .active {  background-color: #a9dba9;  border-color: #46a546;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-prepend .btn {  margin-right: -1px;}.input-prepend .add-on:first-child,.input-prepend .btn:first-child {  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-append input,.input-append select,.input-append .uneditable-input {  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-append .uneditable-input {  border-right-color: #ccc;  border-left-color: #eee;}.input-append .add-on:last-child,.input-append .btn:last-child {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.input-prepend.input-append input,.input-prepend.input-append select,.input-prepend.input-append .uneditable-input {  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.input-prepend.input-append .add-on:first-child,.input-prepend.input-append .btn:first-child {  margin-right: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-prepend.input-append .add-on:last-child,.input-prepend.input-append .btn:last-child {  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.search-query {  padding-right: 14px;  padding-right: 4px \9;  padding-left: 14px;  padding-left: 4px \9;  /* IE7-8 doesn't have border-radius, so don't indent the padding */  margin-bottom: 0;  -webkit-border-radius: 14px;  -moz-border-radius: 14px;  border-radius: 14px;}.form-search input,.form-inline input,.form-horizontal input,.form-search textarea,.form-inline textarea,.form-horizontal textarea,.form-search select,.form-inline select,.form-horizontal select,.form-search .help-inline,.form-inline .help-inline,.form-horizontal .help-inline,.form-search .uneditable-input,.form-inline .uneditable-input,.form-horizontal .uneditable-input,.form-search .input-prepend,.form-inline .input-prepend,.form-horizontal .input-prepend,.form-search .input-append,.form-inline .input-append,.form-horizontal .input-append {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-search .hide,.form-inline .hide,.form-horizontal .hide {  display: none;}.form-search label,.form-inline label {  display: inline-block;}.form-search .input-append,.form-inline .input-append,.form-search .input-prepend,.form-inline .input-prepend {  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-search .radio,.form-search .checkbox,.form-inline .radio,.form-inline .checkbox {  padding-left: 0;  margin-bottom: 0;  vertical-align: middle;}.form-search .radio input[type="radio"],.form-search .checkbox input[type="checkbox"],.form-inline .radio input[type="radio"],.form-inline .checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {  float: left;  margin-right: 3px;  margin-left: 0;}.control-group {  margin-bottom: 9px;}legend + .control-group {  margin-top: 18px;  -webkit-margin-top-collapse: separate;}.form-horizontal .control-group {  margin-bottom: 18px;  *zoom: 1;}.form-horizontal .control-group:before,.form-horizontal .control-group:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.form-horizontal .control-group:after {  clear: both;}.form-horizontal .control-label {  float: left;  width: 140px;  padding-top: 5px;  text-align: right;}.form-horizontal .controls {  *display: inline-block;  *padding-left: 20px;  margin-left: 160px;  *margin-left: 0;}.form-horizontal .controls:first-child {  *padding-left: 160px;}.form-horizontal .help-block {  margin-top: 9px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-horizontal .form-actions {  padding-left: 160px;}.btn {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  padding: 4px 10px 4px;  margin-bottom: 0;  font-size: 13px;  line-height: 18px;  *line-height: 20px;  color: #333333;  text-align: center;  text-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);  vertical-align: middle;  cursor: pointer;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ffffff), to(#e6e6e6));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#e6e6e6', GradientType=0);  border-color: #e6e6e6 #e6e6e6 #bfbfbf;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #e6e6e6;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);  border: 1px solid #cccccc;  *border: 0;  border-bottom-color: #b3b3b3;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  *margin-left: .3em;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.btn:hover,.btn:active,.btn.active,.btn.disabled,.btn[disabled] {  background-color: #e6e6e6;  *background-color: #d9d9d9;}.btn:active,.btn.active {  background-color: #cccccc \9;}.btn:first-child {  *margin-left: 0;}.btn:hover {  color: #333333;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #e6e6e6;  *background-color: #d9d9d9;  /* Buttons in IE7 don't get borders, so darken on hover */  background-position: 0 -15px;  -webkit-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -moz-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -ms-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -o-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  transition: background-position 0.1s linear;}.btn:focus {  outline: thin dotted #333;  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;  outline-offset: -2px;}.btn.active,.btn:active {  background-color: #e6e6e6;  background-color: #d9d9d9 \9;  background-image: none;  outline: 0;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.btn.disabled,.btn[disabled] {  cursor: default;  background-color: #e6e6e6;  background-image: none;  opacity: 0.65;  filter: alpha(opacity=65);  -webkit-box-shadow: none;  -moz-box-shadow: none;  box-shadow: none;}.btn-large {  padding: 9px 14px;  font-size: 15px;  line-height: normal;  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 5px;  border-radius: 5px;}.btn-large [class^="icon-"] {  margin-top: 1px;}.btn-small {  padding: 5px 9px;  font-size: 11px;  line-height: 16px;}.btn-small [class^="icon-"] {  margin-top: -1px;}.btn-mini {  padding: 2px 6px;  font-size: 11px;  line-height: 14px;}.btn-primary,.btn-primary:hover,.btn-warning,.btn-warning:hover,.btn-danger,.btn-danger:hover,.btn-success,.btn-success:hover,.btn-info,.btn-info:hover,.btn-inverse,.btn-inverse:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.btn-primary.active,.btn-warning.active,.btn-danger.active,.btn-success.active,.btn-info.active,.btn-inverse.active {  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);}.btn {  border-color: #ccc;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.btn-primary {  background-color: #0074cc;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-image: 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false);}.btn-warning:hover,.btn-warning:active,.btn-warning.active,.btn-warning.disabled,.btn-warning[disabled] {  background-color: #f89406;  *background-color: #df8505;}.btn-warning:active,.btn-warning.active {  background-color: #c67605 \9;}.btn-danger {  background-color: #da4f49;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ee5f5b), to(#bd362f));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ee5f5b', endColorstr='#bd362f', GradientType=0);  border-color: #bd362f #bd362f #802420;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #bd362f;  /* Darken IE7 buttons 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border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #51a351;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-success:hover,.btn-success:active,.btn-success.active,.btn-success.disabled,.btn-success[disabled] {  background-color: #51a351;  *background-color: #499249;}.btn-success:active,.btn-success.active {  background-color: #408140 \9;}.btn-info {  background-color: #49afcd;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#5bc0de), to(#2f96b4));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#5bc0de', endColorstr='#2f96b4', GradientType=0);  border-color: #2f96b4 #2f96b4 #1f6377;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #2f96b4;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-info:hover,.btn-info:active,.btn-info.active,.btn-info.disabled,.btn-info[disabled] {  background-color: #2f96b4;  *background-color: #2a85a0;}.btn-info:active,.btn-info.active {  background-color: #24748c \9;}.btn-inverse {  background-color: #414141;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#555555), to(#222222));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #555555, 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*padding-top: 7px;  *padding-bottom: 7px;}button.btn.btn-small,input[type="submit"].btn.btn-small {  *padding-top: 3px;  *padding-bottom: 3px;}button.btn.btn-mini,input[type="submit"].btn.btn-mini {  *padding-top: 1px;  *padding-bottom: 1px;}.btn-group {  position: relative;  *zoom: 1;  *margin-left: .3em;}.btn-group:before,.btn-group:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.btn-group:after {  clear: both;}.btn-group:first-child {  *margin-left: 0;}.btn-group + .btn-group {  margin-left: 5px;}.btn-toolbar {  margin-top: 9px;  margin-bottom: 9px;}.btn-toolbar .btn-group {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;}.btn-group > .btn {  position: relative;  float: left;  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.btn-group > .btn:first-child {  margin-left: 0;  -webkit-border-top-left-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px;  border-top-left-radius: 4px;  -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;  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background-position: 0 0;  }}@-o-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 0 0;  }  to {    background-position: 40px 0;  }}@keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 40px 0;  }  to {    background-position: 0 0;  }}.progress {  overflow: hidden;  height: 18px;  margin-bottom: 18px;  background-color: #f7f7f7;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#f5f5f5), to(#f9f9f9));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#f5f5f5', endColorstr='#f9f9f9', GradientType=0);  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px 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rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  -webkit-background-size: 40px 40px;  -moz-background-size: 40px 40px;  -o-background-size: 40px 40px;  background-size: 40px 40px;}.progress.active .bar {  -webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -moz-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -ms-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -o-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;}.progress-danger .bar {  background-color: #dd514c;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ee5f5b), to(#c43c35));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ee5f5b', endColorstr='#c43c35', GradientType=0);}.progress-danger.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #ee5f5b;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-success .bar {  background-color: #5eb95e;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#62c462), to(#57a957));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#62c462', endColorstr='#57a957', GradientType=0);}.progress-success.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #62c462;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-info .bar {  background-color: #4bb1cf;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#5bc0de), to(#339bb9));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#5bc0de', endColorstr='#339bb9', GradientType=0);}.progress-info.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #5bc0de;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-warning .bar {  background-color: #faa732;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#fbb450), to(#f89406));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#fbb450', endColorstr='#f89406', GradientType=0);}.progress-warning.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #fbb450;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.hero-unit {  padding: 60px;  margin-bottom: 30px;  background-color: #eeeeee;  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;}.hero-unit h1 {  margin-bottom: 0;  font-size: 60px;  line-height: 1;  color: inherit;  letter-spacing: -1px;}.hero-unit p {  font-size: 18px;  font-weight: 200;  line-height: 27px;  color: inherit;}.tooltip {  position: absolute;  z-index: 1020;  display: block;  visibility: visible;  padding: 5px;  font-size: 11px;  opacity: 0;  filter: alpha(opacity=0);}.tooltip.in {  opacity: 0.8;  filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.tooltip.top {  margin-top: -2px;}.tooltip.right {  margin-left: 2px;}.tooltip.bottom {  margin-top: 2px;}.tooltip.left {  margin-left: -2px;}.tooltip.top .tooltip-arrow {  bottom: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-top: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.left .tooltip-arrow {  top: 50%;  right: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-left: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.bottom .tooltip-arrow {  top: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.right .tooltip-arrow {  top: 50%;  left: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip-inner {  max-width: 200px;  padding: 3px 8px;  color: #ffffff;  text-align: center;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #000000;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.tooltip-arrow {  position: absolute;  width: 0;  height: 0;}.popover {  position: absolute;  top: 0;  left: 0;  z-index: 1010;  display: none;  padding: 5px;}.popover.top {  margin-top: -5px;}.popover.right {  margin-left: 5px;}.popover.bottom {  margin-top: 5px;}.popover.left {  margin-left: -5px;}.popover.top .arrow {  bottom: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-top: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.right .arrow {  top: 50%;  left: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.bottom .arrow {  top: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.left .arrow {  top: 50%;  right: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-left: 5px solid #000000;}.popover .arrow {  position: absolute;  width: 0;  height: 0;}.popover-inner {  padding: 3px;  width: 280px;  overflow: hidden;  background: #000000;  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);}.popover-title {  padding: 9px 15px;  line-height: 1;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;  border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;}.popover-content {  padding: 14px;  background-color: #ffffff;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding-box;  background-clip: padding-box;}.popover-content p,.popover-content ul,.popover-content ol {  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-open .dropdown-menu {  z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .dropdown.open {  *z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .popover {  z-index: 2060;}.modal-open .tooltip {  z-index: 2070;}.modal-backdrop {  position: fixed;  top: 0;  right: 0;  bottom: 0;  left: 0;  z-index: 1040;  background-color: #000000;}.modal-backdrop.fade {  opacity: 0;}.modal-backdrop,.modal-backdrop.fade.in {  opacity: 0.8;  filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.modal {  position: fixed;  top: 50%;  left: 50%;  z-index: 1050;  overflow: auto;  width: 560px;  margin: -250px 0 0 -280px;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 1px solid #999;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  *border: 1px solid #999;  /* IE6-7 */  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding-box;  background-clip: padding-box;}.modal.fade {  -webkit-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -moz-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -ms-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -o-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  top: -25%;}.modal.fade.in {  top: 50%;}.modal-header {  padding: 9px 15px;  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;}.modal-header .close {  margin-top: 2px;}.modal-body {  overflow-y: auto;  max-height: 400px;  padding: 15px;}.modal-form {  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer {  padding: 14px 15px 15px;  margin-bottom: 0;  text-align: right;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  *zoom: 1;}.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.modal-footer:after {  clear: both;}.modal-footer .btn + .btn {  margin-left: 5px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer .btn-group .btn + .btn {  margin-left: -1px;}.dropup,.dropdown {  position: relative;}.dropdown-toggle {  *margin-bottom: -3px;}.dropdown-toggle:active,.open .dropdown-toggle {  outline: 0;}.caret {  display: inline-block;  width: 0;  height: 0;  vertical-align: top;  border-top: 4px solid #000000;  border-right: 4px solid transparent;  border-left: 4px solid transparent;  content: "";  opacity: 0.3;  filter: alpha(opacity=30);}.dropdown .caret {  margin-top: 8px;  margin-left: 2px;}.dropdown:hover .caret,.open .caret {  opacity: 1;  filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.dropdown-menu {  position: absolute;  top: 100%;  left: 0;  z-index: 1000;  display: none;  float: left;  min-width: 160px;  padding: 4px 0;  margin: 1px 0 0;  list-style: none;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 1px solid #ccc;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  *border-right-width: 2px;  *border-bottom-width: 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 5px;  border-radius: 5px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding;  background-clip: padding-box;}.dropdown-menu.pull-right {  right: 0;  left: auto;}.dropdown-menu .divider {  *width: 100%;  height: 1px;  margin: 8px 1px;  *margin: -5px 0 5px;  overflow: hidden;  background-color: #e5e5e5;  border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}.dropdown-menu a {  display: block;  padding: 3px 15px;  clear: both;  font-weight: normal;  line-height: 18px;  color: #333333;  white-space: nowrap;}.dropdown-menu li > a:hover,.dropdown-menu .active > a,.dropdown-menu .active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #0088cc;}.open {  *z-index: 1000;}.open  > .dropdown-menu {  display: block;}.pull-right > .dropdown-menu {  right: 0;  left: auto;}.dropup .caret,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret {  border-top: 0;  border-bottom: 4px solid #000000;  content: "\2191";}.dropup .dropdown-menu,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .dropdown-menu {  top: auto;  bottom: 100%;  margin-bottom: 1px;}.typeahead {  margin-top: 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.accordion {  margin-bottom: 18px;}.accordion-group {  margin-bottom: 2px;  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.accordion-heading {  border-bottom: 0;}.accordion-heading .accordion-toggle {  display: block;  padding: 8px 15px;}.accordion-toggle {  cursor: pointer;}.accordion-inner {  padding: 9px 15px;  border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}.carousel {  position: relative;  margin-bottom: 18px;  line-height: 1;}.carousel-inner {  overflow: hidden;  width: 100%;  position: relative;}.carousel .item {  display: none;  position: relative;  -webkit-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -moz-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -ms-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -o-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;}.carousel .item > img {  display: block;  line-height: 1;}.carousel .active,.carousel .next,.carousel .prev {  display: block;}.carousel .active {  left: 0;}.carousel .next,.carousel .prev {  position: absolute;  top: 0;  width: 100%;}.carousel .next {  left: 100%;}.carousel .prev {  left: -100%;}.carousel .next.left,.carousel .prev.right {  left: 0;}.carousel .active.left {  left: -100%;}.carousel .active.right {  left: 100%;}.carousel-control {  position: absolute;  top: 40%;  left: 15px;  width: 40px;  height: 40px;  margin-top: -20px;  font-size: 60px;  font-weight: 100;  line-height: 30px;  color: #ffffff;  text-align: center;  background: #222222;  border: 3px solid #ffffff;  -webkit-border-radius: 23px;  -moz-border-radius: 23px;  border-radius: 23px;  opacity: 0.5;  filter: alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right {  left: auto;  right: 15px;}.carousel-control:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  opacity: 0.9;  filter: alpha(opacity=90);}.carousel-caption {  position: absolute;  left: 0;  right: 0;  bottom: 0;  padding: 10px 15px 5px;  background: #333333;  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);}.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p {  color: #ffffff;}.well {  min-height: 20px;  padding: 19px;  margin-bottom: 20px;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border: 1px solid #eee;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote {  border-color: #ddd;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);}.well-large {  padding: 24px;  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;}.well-small {  padding: 9px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;}.close {  float: right;  font-size: 20px;  font-weight: bold;  line-height: 18px;  color: #000000;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  opacity: 0.2;  filter: alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover {  color: #000000;  text-decoration: none;  cursor: pointer;  opacity: 0.4;  filter: alpha(opacity=40);}button.close {  padding: 0;  cursor: pointer;  background: transparent;  border: 0;  -webkit-appearance: none;}.pull-right {  float: right;}.pull-left {  float: left;}.hide {  display: none;}.show {  display: block;}.invisible {  visibility: hidden;}.fade {  opacity: 0;  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -moz-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -ms-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  transition: opacity 0.15s linear;}.fade.in {  opacity: 1;}.collapse {  position: relative;  height: 0;  overflow: hidden;  -webkit-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -moz-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -ms-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -o-transition: height 0.35s ease;  transition: height 0.35s ease;}.collapse.in {  height: auto;}.hidden {  display: none;  visibility: hidden;}.visible-phone {  display: none !important;}.visible-tablet {  display: none !important;}.hidden-desktop {  display: none !important;}@media (max-width: 767px) {  .visible-phone {    display: inherit !important;  }  .hidden-phone {    display: none !important;  }  .hidden-desktop {    display: inherit !important;  }  .visible-desktop {    display: none !important;  }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) {  .visible-tablet {    display: inherit !important;  }  .hidden-tablet {    display: none !important;  }  .hidden-desktop {    display: inherit !important;  }  .visible-desktop {    display: none !important ;  }}@media (max-width: 480px) {  .nav-collapse {    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);  }  .page-header h1 small {    display: block;    line-height: 18px;  }  input[type="checkbox"],  input[type="radio"] {    border: 1px solid #ccc;  }  .form-horizontal .control-group > label {    float: none;    width: auto;    padding-top: 0;    text-align: left;  }  .form-horizontal .controls {    margin-left: 0;  }  .form-horizontal .control-list {    padding-top: 0;  }  .form-horizontal .form-actions {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;  }  .modal {    position: absolute;    top: 10px;    left: 10px;    right: 10px;    width: auto;    margin: 0;  }  .modal.fade.in {    top: auto;  }  .modal-header .close {    padding: 10px;    margin: -10px;  }  .carousel-caption {    position: static;  }}@media (max-width: 767px) {  body {    padding-left: 20px;    padding-right: 20px;  }  .navbar-fixed-top,  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    margin-left: -20px;    margin-right: -20px;  }  .container-fluid {    padding: 0;  }  .dl-horizontal dt {    float: none;    clear: none;    width: auto;    text-align: left;  }  .dl-horizontal dd {    margin-left: 0;  }  .container {    width: auto;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;  }  .row,  .thumbnails {    margin-left: 0;  }  [class*="span"],  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    float: none;    display: block;    width: auto;    margin-left: 0;  }  .input-large,  .input-xlarge,  .input-xxlarge,  input[class*="span"],  select[class*="span"],  textarea[class*="span"],  .uneditable-input {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;  }  .input-prepend input,  .input-append input,  .input-prepend input[class*="span"],  .input-append input[class*="span"] {    display: inline-block;    width: auto;  }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) {  .row {    margin-left: -20px;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row:before,  .row:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row:after {    clear: both;  }  [class*="span"] {    float: left;    margin-left: 20px;  }  .container,  .navbar-fixed-top .container,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .container {    width: 724px;  }  .span12 {    width: 724px;  }  .span11 {    width: 662px;  }  .span10 {    width: 600px;  }  .span9 {    width: 538px;  }  .span8 {    width: 476px;  }  .span7 {    width: 414px;  }  .span6 {    width: 352px;  }  .span5 {    width: 290px;  }  .span4 {    width: 228px;  }  .span3 {    width: 166px;  }  .span2 {    width: 104px;  }  .span1 {    width: 42px;  }  .offset12 {    margin-left: 764px;  }  .offset11 {    margin-left: 702px;  }  .offset10 {    margin-left: 640px;  }  .offset9 {    margin-left: 578px;  }  .offset8 {    margin-left: 516px;  }  .offset7 {    margin-left: 454px;  }  .offset6 {    margin-left: 392px;  }  .offset5 {    margin-left: 330px;  }  .offset4 {    margin-left: 268px;  }  .offset3 {    margin-left: 206px;  }  .offset2 {    margin-left: 144px;  }  .offset1 {    margin-left: 82px;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row-fluid:before,  .row-fluid:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row-fluid:after {    clear: both;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;    float: left;    margin-left: 2.762430939%;    *margin-left: 2.709239449638298%;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {    margin-left: 0;  }  .row-fluid .span12 {    width: 99.999999993%;    *width: 99.9468085036383%;  }  .row-fluid .span11 {    width: 91.436464082%;    *width: 91.38327259263829%;  }  .row-fluid .span10 {    width: 82.87292817100001%;    *width: 82.8197366816383%;  }  .row-fluid .span9 {    width: 74.30939226%;    *width: 74.25620077063829%;  }  .row-fluid .span8 {    width: 65.74585634900001%;    *width: 65.6926648596383%;  }  .row-fluid .span7 {    width: 57.182320438000005%;    *width: 57.129128948638304%;  }  .row-fluid .span6 {    width: 48.618784527%;    *width: 48.5655930376383%;  }  .row-fluid .span5 {    width: 40.055248616%;    *width: 40.0020571266383%;  }  .row-fluid .span4 {    width: 31.491712705%;    *width: 31.4385212156383%;  }  .row-fluid .span3 {    width: 22.928176794%;    *width: 22.874985304638297%;  }  .row-fluid .span2 {    width: 14.364640883%;    *width: 14.311449393638298%;  }  .row-fluid .span1 {    width: 5.801104972%;    *width: 5.747913482638298%;  }  input,  textarea,  .uneditable-input {    margin-left: 0;  }  input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {    width: 714px;  }  input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {    width: 652px;  }  input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {    width: 590px;  }  input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {    width: 528px;  }  input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {    width: 466px;  }  input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {    width: 404px;  }  input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {    width: 342px;  }  input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {    width: 280px;  }  input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {    width: 218px;  }  input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {    width: 156px;  }  input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {    width: 94px;  }  input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {    width: 32px;  }}@media (min-width: 1200px) {  .row {    margin-left: -30px;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row:before,  .row:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row:after {    clear: both;  }  [class*="span"] {    float: left;    margin-left: 30px;  }  .container,  .navbar-fixed-top .container,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .container {    width: 1170px;  }  .span12 {    width: 1170px;  }  .span11 {    width: 1070px;  }  .span10 {    width: 970px;  }  .span9 {    width: 870px;  }  .span8 {    width: 770px;  }  .span7 {    width: 670px;  }  .span6 {    width: 570px;  }  .span5 {    width: 470px;  }  .span4 {    width: 370px;  }  .span3 {    width: 270px;  }  .span2 {    width: 170px;  }  .span1 {    width: 70px;  }  .offset12 {    margin-left: 1230px;  }  .offset11 {    margin-left: 1130px;  }  .offset10 {    margin-left: 1030px;  }  .offset9 {    margin-left: 930px;  }  .offset8 {    margin-left: 830px;  }  .offset7 {    margin-left: 730px;  }  .offset6 {    margin-left: 630px;  }  .offset5 {    margin-left: 530px;  }  .offset4 {    margin-left: 430px;  }  .offset3 {    margin-left: 330px;  }  .offset2 {    margin-left: 230px;  }  .offset1 {    margin-left: 130px;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row-fluid:before,  .row-fluid:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row-fluid:after {    clear: both;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;    float: left;    margin-left: 2.564102564%;    *margin-left: 2.510911074638298%;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {    margin-left: 0;  }  .row-fluid .span12 {    width: 100%;    *width: 99.94680851063829%;  }  .row-fluid .span11 {    width: 91.45299145300001%;    *width: 91.3997999636383%;  }  .row-fluid .span10 {    width: 82.905982906%;    *width: 82.8527914166383%;  }  .row-fluid .span9 {    width: 74.358974359%;    *width: 74.30578286963829%;  }  .row-fluid .span8 {    width: 65.81196581200001%;    *width: 65.7587743226383%;  }  .row-fluid .span7 {    width: 57.264957265%;    *width: 57.2117657756383%;  }  .row-fluid .span6 {    width: 48.717948718%;    *width: 48.6647572286383%;  }  .row-fluid .span5 {    width: 40.170940171000005%;    *width: 40.117748681638304%;  }  .row-fluid .span4 {    width: 31.623931624%;    *width: 31.5707401346383%;  }  .row-fluid .span3 {    width: 23.076923077%;    *width: 23.0237315876383%;  }  .row-fluid .span2 {    width: 14.529914530000001%;    *width: 14.4767230406383%;  }  .row-fluid .span1 {    width: 5.982905983%;    *width: 5.929714493638298%;  }  input,  textarea,  .uneditable-input {    margin-left: 0;  }  input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {    width: 1160px;  }  input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {    width: 1060px;  }  input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {    width: 960px;  }  input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {    width: 860px;  }  input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {    width: 760px;  }  input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {    width: 660px;  }  input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {    width: 560px;  }  input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {    width: 460px;  }  input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {    width: 360px;  }  input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {    width: 260px;  }  input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {    width: 160px;  }  input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {    width: 60px;  }  .thumbnails {    margin-left: -30px;  }  .thumbnails > li {    margin-left: 30px;  }  .row-fluid .thumbnails {    margin-left: 0;  }}@media (max-width: 979px) {  body {    padding-top: 0;  }  .navbar-fixed-top,  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    position: static;  }  .navbar-fixed-top {    margin-bottom: 18px;  }  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    margin-top: 18px;  }  .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner {    padding: 5px;  }  .navbar .container {    width: auto;    padding: 0;  }  .navbar .brand {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;    margin: 0 0 0 -5px;  }  .nav-collapse {    clear: both;  }  .nav-collapse .nav {    float: none;    margin: 0 0 9px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li {    float: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a {    margin-bottom: 2px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > .divider-vertical {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav .nav-header {    color: #999999;    text-shadow: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a {    padding: 6px 15px;    font-weight: bold;    color: #999999;    -webkit-border-radius: 3px;    -moz-border-radius: 3px;    border-radius: 3px;  }  .nav-collapse .btn {    padding: 4px 10px 4px;    font-weight: normal;    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;    -moz-border-radius: 4px;    border-radius: 4px;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu li + li a {    margin-bottom: 2px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a:hover,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a:hover {    background-color: #222222;  }  .nav-collapse.in .btn-group {    margin-top: 5px;    padding: 0;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu {    position: static;    top: auto;    left: auto;    float: none;    display: block;    max-width: none;    margin: 0 15px;    padding: 0;    background-color: transparent;    border: none;    -webkit-border-radius: 0;    -moz-border-radius: 0;    border-radius: 0;    -webkit-box-shadow: none;    -moz-box-shadow: none;    box-shadow: none;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:before,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:after {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu .divider {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .navbar-form,  .nav-collapse .navbar-search {    float: none;    padding: 9px 15px;    margin: 9px 0;    border-top: 1px solid #222222;    border-bottom: 1px solid #222222;    -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);    -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);  }  .navbar .nav-collapse .nav.pull-right {    float: none;    margin-left: 0;  }  .nav-collapse,  .nav-collapse.collapse {    overflow: hidden;    height: 0;  }  .navbar .btn-navbar {    display: block;  }  .navbar-static .navbar-inner {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;  }}@media (min-width: 980px) {  .nav-collapse.collapse {    height: auto !important;    overflow: visible !important;  }}

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• SQLAuthority News – Monthly Roundup of Best SQL Posts

  - by pinaldave

  After receiving lots of requests from different readers for long time I have decided to write first monthly round up. If all of you like it I will continue writing the same every month. In fact, I really like the idea as I was able to go back and read all of my posts written in this month. This month was started with answering one of the most common question asked me to about What is Adventureworks? Many of you know the answer but to the surprise more number of the reader did not know the answer. There were few extra blog post which were in the same line as following. SQL SERVER – The Difference between Dual Core vs. Core 2 Duo SQLAuthority News – Wireless Router Security and Attached Devices – Complex Password SQL SERVER – DATE and TIME in SQL Server 2008 DMVs are also one of the most handy tools available in SQL Server, I have written following blog post where I have used DMV in scripts. SQL SERVER – Get Latest SQL Query for Sessions – DMV SQL SERVER – Find Most Expensive Queries Using DMV SQL SERVER – List All the DMV and DMF on Server I was able to write two follow-up of my earlier series where I was finding the size of the indexes using different SQL Scripts. And in fact one of the article Powershell is used as well. This was my very first attempt to use Powershell. SQL SERVER – Size of Index Table for Each Index – Solution 2 SQL SERVER – Size of Index Table for Each Index – Solution 3 – Powershell SQL SERVER – Four Posts on Removing the Bookmark Lookup – Key Lookup Without realizing I wrote series of the blog post on disabled index here is its complete list. I plan to write one more follow-up list on the same. SQL SERVER – Disable Clustered Index and Data Insert SQL SERVER – Understanding ALTER INDEX ALL REBUILD with Disabled Clustered Index SQL SERVER – Disabled Index and Update Statistics Two special post which I found very interesting to write are as following. SQL SERVER – SHRINKFILE and TRUNCATE Log File in SQL Server 2008 SQL SERVER – Simple Example of Snapshot Isolation – Reduce the Blocking Transactions In personal adventures, I won the Community Impact Award for Last Year from Microsoft. Please leave your comment about how can I improve this round up or what more details I should include in the same. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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• Tykie

  - by Brian

  Here’s the obituary my mother wrote for Tykie, I still miss the little guy quite a bit. Anyone who’s interested in further information on hearing dogs should check out the IHDI website. I cannot begin to express how helpful a hearing dog can be for the hearing impaired. If you feel so inclined, please make a donation. In Memoriam, Tykie 1993-2010 The American Legion Post 401, South Wichita, KS, supported one of its members and commander by sponsoring a service dog for him. Unlike most service dogs this one was for the hearing impaired. Both Ocie and Betty Sims had hearing loss – Ocie more than Betty. The Post and Auxilliary had garage sales, auctions and other fund-raising endeavors to get donations for the dog. Betty made Teddy bears with growlers that were auctioned for donations to bring a hearing dog from International Hearing Dog, Henderson, Colorado. Tykie, a small wiry, salt and pepper terrier, arrived September 1, 1994 to begin his work that included attending Post 401 meetings and celebrations as well as raising more money to be donated to IHD to help others have hearing dogs. Tykie was a young dog less than a year old when he came to Wichita. He was always anxious to please and seldom barked, though he did put out a kind of cry when he was giving his urgent announcement that someone was at the door or the telephone was ringing. He also enjoyed chasing squirrels in the backyard garden that Ocie prized. In 1995, Betty almost died of a lung infection. Tykie was at the hospital with Ocie when he could visit. Several weeks after she was able to come home after a miraculous recovery, Tykie and Ocie went to a car show in downtown Wichita. Ocie’s retina tore loose in the only eye he could see out of and he almost blind was in great pain. How Ocie and Tykie got home is still a mystery, but the family legend goes that Tykie added seeing eye dog to his repertoire and helped drive him home. Health problems continued for Ocie and when he was placed in a nursing home, Tykie was moved to be Betty’s hearing dog. No problem for Tykie, he still saw his friends at the post and continued to help with visitors at the door. The night of May 3, 1999, Betty and Tykie were in the bedroom watching TV when Tykie began hitting her with both front paws as he would if something were urgent. She said later she thought he wanted to go out. As she and the dog walked down the hall towards the back of the house, Tykie hit her again with his front paws with such urgency that she fell into a small coat closet. That small 2-by-2 closet became their refuge as that very second the roof of her house went off as the f4 tornado raced through the city. Betty acquired one small wound on her hand from a piece of flying glass as she pulled Tykie into the closet with her. Tykie was a hero that day and a lot of days after. He kept Betty going as she rebuilt her home and after her husband died April 15, 2000. Tykie had to be cared for so she had to take him outside and bring him inside. He attended weddings of grandchildren and funerals of Post friends. When Betty died February 17, 2002 Tykie’s life changed again. IHD gave approval for his transfer and retirement to Betty and Ocie’s grandson, Brian Laird, who has a similar hearing loss to his grandfather. A few days after the funeral Tykie flew to his new home in Rutherford, NJ where he was able to take long walks for a couple of years before moving back to the Kansas City area. He was still full of adventure. He was written up in a book about service dogs and his story of the tornado and his picture appeared. He spent weekends at Brian’s mother’s farm to get muddy and be afraid of cats and chickens. He also took on an odyssey as he slipped from his fenced yard in Lenexa one day and walked more than seven miles in Overland Park traffic before being found by a good Samaritan who called IHD to find out where he belonged. Tykie was deaf for about the last two years of his long life and became blind as well, but he continued to strive to please. Tykie was 16 years and 4 months when he was cremated. His ashes were scattered on the graves of Betty and Ocie Sims at Greenwood Cemetery west of Wichita on the afternoon of March 21, 2010, with about a dozen family and Post 401 members. It is still the rule. Service dogs are the only dogs allowed inside the Post home. Submitted by Linda Laird, daughter of Betty and Ocie and mother of Brian Laird.

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• Invalid SSH key error in juju when using it with MAAS

  - by Captain T

  This is the output of juju from a clean install with 2 nodes all running 12.04 juju bootstrap - finishes with no errors and allocates the machine to the user but still no joy after juju environment-destroy and rebuild with different users and different nodes. root@cloudcontrol:/storage# juju -v status 2012-06-07 11:19:47,602 DEBUG Initializing juju status runtime 2012-06-07 11:19:47,621 INFO Connecting to environment... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,905 DEBUG Connecting to environment using node-386077143930... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,906 DEBUG Spawning SSH process with remote_user="ubuntu" remote_host="node-386077143930" remote_port="2181" local_port="57004". The authenticity of host 'node-386077143930 (10.5.5.113)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 31:94:89:62:69:83:24:23:5f:02:70:53:93:54:b1:c5. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes 2012-06-07 11:19:52,102 ERROR Invalid SSH key 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@658: Client environment:zookeeper.version=zookeeper C client 3.3.5 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@662: Client environment:host.name=cloudcontrol 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@669: Client environment:os.name=Linux 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@670: Client environment:os.arch=3.2.0-23-generic 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@671: Client environment:os.version=#36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@679: Client environment:user.name=sysadmin 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@687: Client environment:user.home=/root 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@699: Client environment:user.dir=/storage 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@zookeeper_init@727: Initiating client connection, host=localhost:57004 sessionTimeout=10000 watcher=0x7feb11afc6b0 sessionId=0 sessionPasswd=<null> context=0x2dc7d20 flags=0 2012-06-07 11:19:52,429:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client 2012-06-07 11:19:55,765:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client I have tried numerous ways of creating the keys with ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048, ssh-keygen -t rsa, ssh-keygen, and i have tried adding those to MAAS web config page, but always get the same result. I have added the appropriate public key afterwards to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys I can also ssh to the node, but as I have not been asked to give it a user name or password or set up any sort of account, I cannot manually ssh into the node. The setup of the node is all handled by maas server. It seems like a simple error of looking at the wrong key or looking in the wrong places, only other suggestions I can find are to destroy the environment and rebuild (but that didn't work umpteen times now) or leave it to build the instance once the node has powered up, but I have left for a few hours, and left overnight to build with no luck.

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• Integrating Oracle Forms Applications 11g Into SOA (4-6/Mai/10)

  - by Claudia Costa

  Workshop Description This is a Free workshop of 3 days is targeted at Oracle Forms professionals interested in integrating Oracle Forms into a Service Oriented Architecture. The workshop highlights how Forms can be part of a Service Oriented Architecture, how the Oracle Forms functionalities make it possible to integrate existing (or new) Forms applications with new or existing development utilizing the Service Oriented Architecture concepts. The goal is to understand the incremental approach that Forms provides to developers who need to extend their business platform to JEE, allowing Oracle Forms customers to retain their investment in Oracle Forms while leveraging the opportunities offered by complementing technologies. During the event the attendees will implement the Oracle Forms functionalities that make it possible to integrate with SOA. Register Now! Prerequisites ·         Knowledge of the Oracle Forms development environment (mandatory) ·         Basic knowledge of the Oracle database ·         Basic knowledge of the Java Programming Language ·         Basic knowledge of Oracle Jdeveloper or another Java IDE   System Requirements   This workshop requires attendees to provide their own laptops for this class. Attendee laptops must meet the following minimum hardware/software requirements:   ·         Laptop/PC with minimum 4 GB RAM ·         Oracle Database ·         Oracle Forms 11g R1 PS1 (WebLogic Server 10.1.3.2 + Portal, Forms, Reports and Discoverer ) ·         Oracle JDeveloper 11g R1 PS1 http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdeveloper/1112/jdevstudio11112install.exe ·         TCP-IP Loopback Adapter Installation (before the SOASuite installation) ·         Oracle SOASuite 11g R1 PS1 (without BAM component) When asked for an admin password, please use 'welcome1 http://download.oracle.com/otn/nt/middleware/11g/ofm_rcu_win_11.1.1.2.0_disk1_1of1.zip http://download.oracle.com/otn/nt/middleware/11g/ofm_soa_generic_11.1.1.2.0_disk1_1of1.zip ·         Oracle BI Publisher 10.1.3.4.1 http://download.oracle.com/otn/nt/ias/101341/bipublisher_windows_x86_101341.zip ·         Oracle BI Publisher Desktop 10.1.3.4. http://download.oracle.com/otn/nt/ias/101341/bipublisher_desktop_windows_x86_101341.zip   ·         At least 1 Oracle Forms solution already upgraded to the Oracle FMW 11g platform.   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Horário e Local:   4-6 de Maio / 9:30-18:00h Oracle, Porto Salvo Register Here Para mais informação por favor contacte: [email protected]

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• ASP.NET Cookies

  - by Aamir Hasan

  Cookies are domain specific and cannot be used across different network domains. The only domain that can read a cookie is the domain that sets it. It does not matter what domain name you set.Cookies are used to store small pieces of information on a client machine. A cookie can store only up to 4 KB of information. Generally cookies are used to store data which user types frequently such as user id and password to login to a site.The HttpCookie class defined in the System.Web namespace represents a browser cookie.Creating cookies (C#)Dim cookie As HttpCookie = New HttpCookie("UID")cookie.Value = "id"cookie.Expires = #3/30/2010#Response.Cookies.Add(cookie)cookie = New HttpCookie("username")cookie.Value = "username"cookie.Expires = #3/31/2010#Response.Cookies.Add(cookie)Creating cookies (VB.NET) HttpCookie cookie = Request.Cookies["Preferences"];      if (cookie == null)      {        cookie = new HttpCookie("Preferences");      }      cookie["Name"] = txtName.Text;      cookie.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(1);      Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);Creating cookies (C#)    HttpCookie MyCookie = new HttpCookie("Background");    MyCookie.Value = "value";    Response.Cookies.Add(MyCookie);Reading cookies  (VB.NET)Dim cookieCols As New HttpCookieCollectioncookieCols = Request.CookiesDim str As String' Read and add all cookies to the list boxFor Each str In cookieColsListBox1.Items.Add("Value:" Request.Cookies(str).Value)Next Reading cookies (C#) ArrayList colCookies = new ArrayList();        for (int i = 0; i < Request.Cookies.Count; i++)            colCookies.Add(Request.Cookies[i]);        grdCookies.DataSource = colCookies;        grdCookies.DataBind();Deleting cookies (VB.NET)Dim cookieCols As New HttpCookieCollectioncookieCols = Request.CookiesDim str As String' Read and add all cookies to the list boxRequest.Cookies.Remove("PASS")Request.Cookies.Remove("UID")Deleting cookies (C#)string[] cookies = Request.Cookies.AllKeys;        foreach (string cookie in cookies)        {            ListBox1.Items.Add("Deleting " + cookie);            Response.Cookies[cookie].Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1);        }

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• SQL SERVER – Beginning of SQL Server Architecture – Terminology – Guest Post

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server Architecture is a very deep subject. Covering it in a single post is an almost impossible task. However, this subject is very popular topic among beginners and advanced users.  I have requested my friend Anil Kumar who is expert in SQL Domain to help me write  a simple post about Beginning SQL Server Architecture. As stated earlier this subject is very deep subject and in this first article series he has covered basic terminologies. In future article he will explore the subject further down. Anil Kumar Yadav is Trainer, SQL Domain, Koenig Solutions. Koenig is a premier IT training firm that provides several IT certifications, such as Oracle 11g, Server+, RHCA, SQL Server Training, Prince2 Foundation etc. In this Article we will discuss about MS SQL Server architecture. The major components of SQL Server are: Relational Engine Storage Engine SQL OS Now we will discuss and understand each one of them. 1) Relational Engine: Also called as the query processor, Relational Engine includes the components of SQL Server that determine what your query exactly needs to do and the best way to do it. It manages the execution of queries as it requests data from the storage engine and processes the results returned. Different Tasks of Relational Engine: Query Processing Memory Management Thread and Task Management Buffer Management Distributed Query Processing 2) Storage Engine: Storage Engine is responsible for storage and retrieval of the data on to the storage system (Disk, SAN etc.). to understand more, let’s focus on the following diagram. When we talk about any database in SQL server, there are 2 types of files that are created at the disk level – Data file and Log file. Data file physically stores the data in data pages. Log files that are also known as write ahead logs, are used for storing transactions performed on the database. Let’s understand data file and log file in more details: Data File: Data File stores data in the form of Data Page (8KB) and these data pages are logically organized in extents. Extents: Extents are logical units in the database. They are a combination of 8 data pages i.e. 64 KB forms an extent. Extents can be of two types, Mixed and Uniform. Mixed extents hold different types of pages like index, System, Object data etc. On the other hand, Uniform extents are dedicated to only one type. Pages: As we should know what type of data pages can be stored in SQL Server, below mentioned are some of them: Data Page: It holds the data entered by the user but not the data which is of type text, ntext, nvarchar(max), varchar(max), varbinary(max), image and xml data. Index: It stores the index entries. Text/Image: It stores LOB ( Large Object data) like text, ntext, varchar(max), nvarchar(max),  varbinary(max), image and xml data. GAM & SGAM (Global Allocation Map & Shared Global Allocation Map): They are used for saving information related to the allocation of extents. PFS (Page Free Space): Information related to page allocation and unused space available on pages. IAM (Index Allocation Map): Information pertaining to extents that are used by a table or index per allocation unit. BCM (Bulk Changed Map): Keeps information about the extents changed in a Bulk Operation. DCM (Differential Change Map): This is the information of extents that have modified since the last BACKUP DATABASE statement as per allocation unit. Log File: It also known as write ahead log. It stores modification to the database (DML and DDL). Sufficient information is logged to be able to: Roll back transactions if requested Recover the database in case of failure Write Ahead Logging is used to create log entries Transaction logs are written in chronological order in a circular way Truncation policy for logs is based on the recovery model SQL OS: This lies between the host machine (Windows OS) and SQL Server. All the activities performed on database engine are taken care of by SQL OS. It is a highly configurable operating system with powerful API (application programming interface), enabling automatic locality and advanced parallelism. SQL OS provides various operating system services, such as memory management deals with buffer pool, log buffer and deadlock detection using the blocking and locking structure. Other services include exception handling, hosting for external components like Common Language Runtime, CLR etc. I guess this brief article gives you an idea about the various terminologies used related to SQL Server Architecture. In future articles we will explore them further. Guest Author  The author of the article is Anil Kumar Yadav is Trainer, SQL Domain, Koenig Solutions. Koenig is a premier IT training firm that provides several IT certifications, such as Oracle 11g, Server+, RHCA, SQL Server Training, Prince2 Foundation etc. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Security, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Training, T SQL, Technology

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• [SQLServer JDBC Driver][SQLServer]Could not find stored procedure 'master..xp_jdbc_open2'.

  - by Vijaya Moderator -Oracle

  When connecting to MS SQL Server Database via Weblogic Datasource and using XA jdbc driver, the following error is thrown. <Jun 3, 2014 5:16:49 AM PDT> <Error> <Console> <BEA-240003> <Console encountered the following error java.sql.SQLException: [FMWGEN][SQLServer JDBC Driver][SQLServer]Could not find stored procedure 'master..xp_jdbc_open2'. at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddb_.b(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddb_.a(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddb9.b(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddb9.a(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserver.tds.ddr.v(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserver.tds.ddr.a(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserver.tds.ddq.a(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserver.tds.ddr.a(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserver.ddj.m(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddel.e(Unknown Source)at weblogic.jdbc.sqlserverbase.ddel.a(Unknown Source)  The cause behind the issue is that  the MS SQL Server was not installed with the Stored procedures to enable JTA/XA Solution To connect to SQL Server via XA Driver from WLS Datasource you need to install Stored Procedures for JTATo use JDBC distributed transactions through JTA, your system administrator should use the following procedure to install Microsoft SQL Server JDBC XA procedures. This procedure must be repeated for each MS SQL Server installation that will be involved in a distributed transaction.To install stored procedures for JTA:1. Copy the appropriate sqljdbc.dll and instjdbc.sql files from the WL_HOME\server\lib directory to the SQL_Server_Root/bin directory of the MS SQL Server database server, where WL_HOME is the directory in which WebLogic server is installed, typically c:\Oracle\Middleware\wlserver_10.x.  Note:  If you are installing stored procedures on a database server with multiple Microsoft SQL Server instances, each running SQL Server instance must be able to locate the sqljdbc.dll file.Therefore the sqljdbc.dll file needs to be anywhere on the global PATH or on the application-specific path. For the application-specific path, place the sqljdbc.dll file into the :\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL$\Binn directory for each instance. 2. From the database server, use the ISQL utility to run the instjdbc.sql script. As a precaution, have your system administrator back up the master database before running instjdbc.sql. At a command prompt, use the following syntax to run instjdbc.sql:  ISQL -Usa -Psa_password -Sserver_name -ilocation\instjdbc.sql  where:  sa_password is the password of the system administrator.  server_name is the name of the server on which SQL Server resides.  location is the full path to instjdbc.sql. (You copied this script to the SQL_Server_Root/bin directory in step 1.)  The instjdbc.sql script generates many messages. In general, these messages can be ignored; however, the system administrator should scan the output for any messages that may indicate an execution error. The last message should indicate that instjdbc.sql ran successfully. The script fails when there is insufficient space available in the master database to store the JDBC XA procedures or to log changes to existing procedures.

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• How to prevent screen locking when lid is closed?

  - by Joe Casadonte

  I have Ubuntu 11.10 with Gnome 3 (no Unity), gnome-screen-saver has been removed and replaced with xscreensaver. The screensaver stuff all works fine -- no complaints there. When I close my laptop lid, even for a second, the screen locks (and the dialog box asking for my password is xscreensaver's). I'd like for this not to happen... Things I've tried/looked at already: xscreensaver settings - the "Lock Screen After" checkbox is not checked (though I've also tried it checked and set to 720 minutes) gconf-editor - apps -> gnome-screensaver -> lock_enabled is not checked System Settings - Power - "When the lid is closed" is set to "Do nothing" for both battery and A/C System Settings - Screen - Lock is "off" gconf-editor - apps -> gnome-power-manager -> buttons -> lid_ac && lid_battery are both set to "nothing" dconf-editor - apps -> org -> gnome -> desktop -> screensaver -> lock_enabled is not checked Output from: gsettings list-recursively org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power: org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power active true org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-hibernate 'hibernate' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-power 'suspend' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-sleep 'suspend' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power button-suspend 'suspend' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power critical-battery-action 'hibernate' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-brightness 30 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim-ac false org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim-battery true org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power idle-dim-time 10 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-ac-action 'nothing' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power lid-close-battery-action 'nothing' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power notify-perhaps-recall true org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-action 2 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-critical 3 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power percentage-low 10 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power priority 1 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-display-ac 600 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-display-battery 600 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac false org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-timeout 0 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-ac-type 'suspend' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery true org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery-timeout 0 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power sleep-inactive-battery-type 'suspend' org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-action 120 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-critical 300 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power time-low 1200 org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.power use-time-for-policy true gnome-settings-daemon is running: <~> $ ps -ef | grep gnome-settings-daemon 1000 1719 1645 0 19:37 ? 00:00:01 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon 1000 1726 1 0 19:37 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gsd-printer 1000 1774 1645 0 19:37 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-fallback-mount-helper Anything else I can check? Thanks!

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• SIM to OIM Migration: A How-to Guide to Avoid Costly Mistakes (SDG Corporation)

  - by Darin Pendergraft

  In the fall of 2012, Oracle launched a major upgrade to its IDM portfolio: the 11gR2 release.  11gR2 had four major focus areas: More simplified and customizable user experience Support for cloud, mobile, and social applications Extreme scalability Clear upgrade path For SUN migration customers, it is critical to develop and execute a clearly defined plan prior to beginning this process.  The plan should include initiation and discovery, assessment and analysis, future state architecture, review and collaboration, and gap analysis.  To help better understand your upgrade choices, SDG, an Oracle partner has developed a series of three whitepapers focused on SUN Identity Manager (SIM) to Oracle Identity Manager (OIM) migration. In the second of this series on SUN Identity Manager (SIM) to Oracle Identity Manager (OIM) migration, Santosh Kumar Singh from SDG  discusses the proper steps that should be taken during the planning-to-post implementation phases to ensure a smooth transition from SIM to OIM. Read the whitepaper for Part 2: Download Part 2 from SDGC.com In the last of this series of white papers, Santosh will talk about Identity and Access Management best practices and how these need to be considered when going through with an OIM migration. If you have not taken the opportunity, please read the first in this series which discusses the Migration Approach, Methodology, and Tools for you to consider when planning a migration from SIM to OIM. Read the white paper for part 1: Download Part 1 from SDGC.com About the Author: Santosh Kumar Singh Identity and Access Management (IAM) Practice Leader Santosh, in his capacity as SDG Identity and Access Management (IAM) Practice Leader, has direct senior management responsibility for the firm's strategy, planning, competency building, and engagement deliverance for this Practice. He brings over 12+ years of extensive IT, business, and project management and delivery experience, primarily within enterprise directory, single sign-on (SSO) application, and federated identity services, provisioning solutions, role and password management, and security audit and enterprise blueprint. Santosh possesses strong architecture and implementation expertise in all areas within these technologies and has repeatedly lead teams in successfully deploying complex technical solutions. About SDG: SDG Corporation empowers forward thinking companies to strategize their future, realize their vision, and minimize their IT risk. SDG distinguishes itself by offering flexible business models to fit their clients’ needs; faster time-to-market with its pre-built solutions and frameworks; a broad-based foundation of domain experts, and deep program management expertise. (www.sdgc.com)

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• RSS Feeds currently on Simple-Talk

  - by Andrew Clarke

  There are a number of news-feeds for the Simple-Talk site, but for some reason they are well hidden. Whilst we set about reorganizing them, I thought it would be a good idea to list some of the more important ones. The most important one for almost all purposes is the Homepage RSS feed which represents the blogs and articles that are placed on the homepage. Main Site Feed representing the Homepage ..which is good for most purposes but won't always have all the blogs, or maybe it will occasionally miss an article. If you aren't interested in all the content, you can just use the RSS feeds that are more relevant to your interests. (We'll be increasing these categories soon) The newsfeed for SQL articles The .NET section newsfeed The newsfeed for Red Gate books The newsfeed for Opinion articles The SysAdmin section newsfeed if you want to get a more refined feed, then you can pick and choose from these feeds for each category so as to make up your custom news-feed in the SQL section, SQL Training Learn SQL Server Database Administration TSQL Programming SQL Server Performance Backup and Recovery SQL Tools SSIS SSRS (Reporting Services) in .NET there are... ASP.NET Windows Forms .NET Framework ,NET Performance Visual Studio .NET tools in Sysadmin there are Exchange General Virtualisation Unified Messaging Powershell in opinion, there is... Geek of the Week Opinion Pieces in Books, there is .NET Books SQL Books SysAdmin Books And all the blogs have got feeds. So although you can get all the blogs from here.. Main Blog Feed          You can get individual RSS feeds.. AdamRG's Blog       Alex.Davies's Blog       AliceE's Blog       Andrew Clarke's Blog       Andrew Hunter's Blog       Bart Read's Blog       Ben Adderson's Blog       BobCram's Blog       bradmcgehee's Blog       Brian Donahue's Blog       Charles Brown's Blog       Chris Massey's Blog       CliveT's Blog       Damon's Blog       David Atkinson's Blog       David Connell's Blog       Dr Dionysus's Blog       drsql's Blog       FatherJack's Blog       Flibble's Blog       Gareth Marlow's Blog       Helen Joyce's Blog       James's Blog       Jason Crease's Blog       John Magnabosco's Blog       Laila's Blog       Lionel's Blog       Matt Lee's Blog       mikef's Blog       Neil Davidson's Blog       Nigel Morse's Blog       Phil Factor's Blog       red@work's Blog       reka.burmeister's Blog       Richard Mitchell's Blog       RobbieT's Blog       RobertChipperfield's Blog       Rodney's Blog       Roger Hart's Blog       Simon Cooper's Blog       Simon Galbraith's Blog       TheFutureOfMonitoring's Blog       Tim Ford's Blog       Tom Crossman's Blog       Tony Davis's Blog       As well as these blogs, you also have the forums.... SQL Server for Beginners Forum     Programming SQL Server Forum    Administering SQL Server Forum    .NET framework Forum    .Windows Forms Forum   ASP.NET Forum   ADO.NET Forum 

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• Lessons from a SAN Failure

  - by Bill Graziano

  At 1:10AM Sunday morning the main SAN at one of my clients suffered a “partial” failure.  Partial means that the SAN was still online and functioning but the LUNs attached to our two main SQL Servers “failed”.  Failed means that SQL Server wouldn’t start and the MDF and LDF files mostly showed a zero file size.  But they were online and responding and most other LUNs were available.  I’m not sure how SANs know to fail at 1AM on a Saturday night but they seem to.  From a personal standpoint this worked out poorly: I was out with friends and after more than a few drinks.  From a work standpoint this was about the best time to fail you could imagine.  Everything was running well before Monday morning.  But it was a long, long Sunday.  I started tipsy, got tired and ended up hung over later in the day. Note to self: Try not to go out drinking right before the SAN fails. This caught us at an interesting time.  We’re in the process of migrating to an entirely new set of servers so some things were partially moved.  This made it difficult to follow our procedures as cleanly as we’d like.  The benefit was that we had much better documentation of everything on the server.  I would encourage everyone to really think through the process of implementing your DR plan and document as much as possible.  Following a checklist is much easier than trying to remember at night under pressure in a hurry after a few drinks. I had a series of estimates on how long things would take.  They were accurate for any single server failure.  They weren’t accurate for a SAN failure that took two servers down.  This wasn’t bad but we should have communicated better. Don’t forget how many things are outside the database.  Logins, linked servers, DTS packages (yikes!), jobs, service broker, DTC (especially DTC), database triggers and any objects in the master database are all things you need backed up.  We’d done a decent job on this and didn’t find significant problems here.  That said this still took a lot of time.  There were many annoyances as a result of this.  Small settings like a login’s default database had a big impact on whether an application could run.  This is probably the single biggest area of concern when looking to recreate a server.  I’d encourage everyone to go through every single node of SSMS and look for user created objects or settings outside the database. Script out your logins with the proper SID and already encrypted passwords and keep it updated.  This makes life so much easier.  I used an approach based on KB246133 that worked well.  I’ll get my scripts posted over the next few days. The disaster can cause your DR process to fail in unexpected ways.  We have a job that scripts out all logins and role memberships and writes it to a file.  This runs on the DR server and pulls from the production server.  Upon opening the file I found that the contents were a “server not found” error.  Fortunately we had other copies and didn’t need to try and restore the master database.  This now runs on the production server and pushes the script to the DR site.  Soon we’ll get it pushed to our version control software. One of the biggest challenges is keeping your DR resources up to date.  Any server change (new linked server, new SQL Server Agent job, etc.) means that your DR plan (and scripts) is out of date.  It helps to automate the generation of these resources if possible. Take time now to test your database restore process.  We test ours quarterly.  If you have a large database I’d also encourage you to invest in a compressed backup solution.  Restoring backups was the single larger consumer of time during our recovery. And yes, there’s a database mirroring solution planned in our new architecture. I didn’t have much involvement in things outside SQL Server but this caused many, many things to change in our environment.  Many applications today aren’t just executables or web sites.  They are a combination of those plus network infrastructure, reports, network ports, IP addresses, DTS and SSIS packages, batch systems and many other things.  These all needed a little bit of attention to make sure they were functioning properly. Profiler turned out to be a handy tool.  I started a trace for failed logins and kept that running.  That let me fix a number of problems before people were able to report them.  I also ran traces to capture exceptions.  This helped identify problems with linked servers. Overall the thing that gave me the most problem was linked servers.  In order for a linked server to function properly you need to be pointed to the right server, have the proper login information, have the network routes available and have MSDTC configured properly.  We have a lot of linked servers and this created many failure points.  Some of the older linked servers used IP addresses and not DNS names.  This meant we had to go in and touch all those linked servers when the servers moved.

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• An increase to 3 Gig of RAM slows down Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

  - by williepabon

  I have Ubuntu 10.04 running from an external hard drive (installed on an enclosure) connected via USB port. Like a month or so ago, I increased RAM on my pc from 2 Gigs to 3 Gigs. This resulted on extremely long boot times and slow application loads. While I was understanding the nature of my problem, I posted various threads on this forum ( Questions # 188417, 188801), where I was advised to gather speed tests, and other info on my machine. I was also suggested that I might have problems with the RAM installed. Initially, I did not consider that possibility because: 1) I did a memory test with a diagnostic program from DELL (My pc is from Dell) 2) My pc works fine with Windows XP (the default OS), no problems with memory 3) My pc works fine when booting with Ubuntu 10.10 memory stick, no speed problems 4) My pc works fine when booting with Ubuntu 11.10 memory stick, no speed problems Anyway, I performed the memory tests suggested. But before doing it, and to check out any possibility of hardware issues on the hard drive, I did the following: (1) purchased a new hard drive enclosure and moved my hard drive to it, (2) purchased a new USB cable and used it to connect my hard drive/enclosure setup to a different USB port on my pc. Then, I performed speed tests with 1 Gig, 2 Gigs and 3 Gigs of RAM with my Ubuntu 10.04 OS. Ubuntu 10.04 worked well when booted with 1 Gig or 2 Gigs of RAM. When I increased to 3 Gigs, it slowed down to a crawl. I can't understand the relationship between an increase of 1 Gig and the effect it has in Ubuntu 10.04. This doesn't happen with Ubuntu 10.10 and 11.10. Unfortunately for me, Ubuntu 10.04 is my principal work operating system. So, I need a solution for this. Hardware and system information: DELL Precision 670 2 internal SATA Hard drives Audigy 2 ZS audio system Factory OS: Windows XP Professional SP3 NVidia 8400 GTS video card More info: williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ uname -a Linux WP-WrkStation 2.6.32-38-generic #83-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jan 4 11:13:04 UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS Release: 10.04 Codename: lucid Speed test with the 3 Gigs of RAM installed: williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdc [sudo] password for williepabon: /dev/sdc: Timing cached reads: 84 MB in 2.00 seconds = 41.96 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 4 MB in 3.81 seconds = 1.05 MB/sec This is a very slow transfer rate from a hard drive. I will really appreciate a solution or a work around for this problem. I know that that there are users that have Ubuntu 10.04 with 3 Gigs or more of RAM and they don't have this problem. Same question asked on Launchpad for reference.

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