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  • Does urandom share the same entropy of random?

    - by ???
    Does the entropy pool /dev/random used the same to /dev/urandom? I want to mknod /dev/random 1 9 to replace the slow random, I think the current entropy is randomly enough, if urandom is based on the same entropy, and all succeed random numbers are generated based on that entropy, I don't think there'll be any vulnerable.

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  • Is Joerg Schilling’s “sdd” a full replacement for “dd”

    - by fishtoprecords
    I was directed to post here, I started on Stackoverflow.... I'm trying to use 'sdd' on my Debian system, and can't get one set of options to work. They do work in 'dd' so I am wondering if I am specifying them incorrectly, or if sdd didn't implement them, or something else. What I want to do is sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 conv=sync,noerror if I leave out the "conv=..." option, it works, or at least starts copying data. sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 Can you shed a bit of light?

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  • whats the default username and password for an ubuntu live cd?

    - by Rory McCann
    What's the username and password for an ubuntu live cd image? I ask cause I've recently copied the contents of an ubuntu based live iso (easypeasy, the ldistro for nwtbooks) onto a harddisk, but the squash fs is corrupt. Most likely cause I copied it live. :) so it's not autologging in. Is there a username/password for this? Update: I tried username ubuntu and a blank password, it didn't work

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  • php extensions & apache mods gone/not working after server restart?

    - by user1782359
    I was wondering if anyone has ever come across this before, as I'm pretty stumped to be honest, and my server admin knowledge isn't particular good so I'm not sure what could even be wrong, let alone how to fix it. Basically, Thursday last week everything was fine on our server. I come in on Friday and it's a mess: php extensions are missing/not working, apache modules are gone. (e.g. oci_* was gone completely, odbc_ not working but still there, the apache ntlm_auth for single sign on was gone and so the website wasn't even loading in IE). I'm ruling out anything deliberate because it's just incredibly unlikely. The only thing that really happened between thursday & friday is that on thursday evening one of the network guys did a RAM upgrade on the server and restarted it. That's it, nothing else. Now I'm wondering if somehow those extensions and such which we installed months ago were somehow only saved in a local memory of sorts, and a restart has wiped them? But we installed them all as root, so I don't see why it should be any different from installing anything else. It makes little/no sense to me. To expand on an example of something that's gone very wrong, the php odbc_ extension: It's still on the server, it doesn't return undefined function or anything. But it just cannot connect to the datasource any more. I've tested it through the command line and it's working perfectly fine with that datasource and login details, but all of a sudden having it in the php odbc_connect() function and it just can't connect. ( [S1000][unixODBC][FreeTDS][SQL Server]Unable to connect to data source. ) But unixODBC is set up fine. Like I say i've tested it all through the terminal and it can connect, and we've not changed anything, it's just now all of a sudden not working through the PHP function. Anyone have any ideas whatsoever as to what could be going on? This is on CentOS 5.x by the way.

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  • Is it logical that file system acls would be corrupted in a way that adds permission for another user?

    - by wilbbe01
    I was having issues on a shared hosting provider with the host's web server instance not serving some files. I asked the companies support about the issue and they responded with the results of getfacl on my home directory, and added the necessary line to allow their web server to obtain the necessary permissions. All is working happily now, but I noticed a line in the getfacl that was for what appeared to be another username to which I had no relation. I asked them about this and their response was that it was likely some minor corruption and that I could remove the unwanted line with the setfacl -x option. I know I never added the user to my home directory, and I also find it weird that that could truly happen due to corruption. So now that it is fixed I'm a little bit weary of whether or not they were trying to cover up a problem they accidentally gave someone permissions to my account, or if this kind of thing can really be corrupted in that way. Especially when that user is a real user on the same server. Any thoughts? Thanks.

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  • Display CPU usage separately (without root privileges)

    - by synaptik
    I need to display the CPU usage for each processing core on a single shared-memory 12-core (SMP) machine. I don't have access to install htop, else I would simply use that. I don't need fancy graphs or meters, though they would be nice. For example, simply displaying: X X X X X X X X X X X X where each X is the percentage utilization of 1 of the 12 processing cores on my machine. FYI: I know I can simply look at the utilization in "top" and divide that number by the number of cores on my machine, but I prefer a solution that shows each core separately.

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  • Rsync to take the newest file. And a cron job?

    - by user1704877
    I have a log file on two different servers. The servers are under a load balancer so half the traffic goes to one server, and half the traffic goes to the other server. I need to take the newest log file from one machine and transfer that log file to the other machine. So if one log file is changed on one server, it gets updated on the other server. I think I need to use rsync. And do I also need to put it in a cron job?

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  • How to deal with ssh's "WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!"?

    - by Vi.
    I often need to login to multiple remote stations that are just placed to the same static IPs for me. SSH complains about changed keys in this case: $ ssh [email protected] @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ... Offending RSA key in /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts:70 ... I usually just run vim /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts +70, dd wq and re-run the SSH command. How to do it simpler? Requirements: The warning should be displayed, and not like this: The authenticity of host '172.1.2.3 (172.1.2.3)' can't be established. It is easy to accept the key change. I expect something like this: $ ssh [email protected] @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ... The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is 82:cd:be:7a:ae:1b:91:2c:23:c1:74:4d:8a:38:10:32. Change the host key in /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts (yes/no)? yes Warning: Changed host key for '172.1.2.3' (RSA) in the list of known hosts. [email protected]'s password: Simple and differs from usual "The authenticity of host can't be established." message.

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  • scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

    - by John Dibling
    I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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  • OpenSSH (Windows) does not forward X11

    - by Shulhi Sapli
    I'm running Ubuntu 13.04 in VM and I wanted to do X11 forwarding to my host (Win 8), so far it works fine using PuTTY and XMing server for Windows. But I am curious why it doesn't work if I use OpenSSH binaries (it comes together with Git for windows). This is what I've done so far: ssh -X [email protected] (also tried with -Y) then gedit but received error of Cannot open display. echo $DISPLAY came out as empty. So, I try to export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 but it still won't work. The DISPLAY environment that I set is exactly as when it runs with Putty. I also try changing the DISPLAY to 192.168.2.3:0.0 and other display number as well, but still it won't work. Of course I could just use Putty to make it work, but I was wondering why OpenSSH binaries does not work. I have enabled all settings required in both /etc/ssh/ssh_config and /etc/ssh/sshd_config. If I run with -v option, this is what I get F:\SkyDrive\Projects> ssh -X -v [email protected] OpenSSH_4.6p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8e 23 Feb 2007 debug1: Connecting to 192.168.2.3 [192.168.2.3] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_6.1p1 Debian-4 debug1: match: OpenSSH_6.1p1 Debian-4 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.6 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-cbc hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host '192.168.2.3' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/known_hosts:2 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /c/Users/Shulhi/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: It seems that there is no request for X11 (I'm not sure if there is should be one too here). Any pointers why it doesn't work?

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  • yum security update - message indicating kernel version not up to date

    - by JMC
    Running yum --security check-update returns this message: Security: kernel-3.x.x-x.63 is an installed security update Security: kernel-3.x.x-x.29 is the currently running version I already ran the yum security update on the kernel, but it looks like it didn't change the version running on the system. What needs to be done to make it run the new kernel? Are there any concerns about why it didn't change during the installation process? The yum log just shows installed for the new kernel no error messages.

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  • What's a good tool for collecting statistics on filesystem usage?

    - by Kamil Kisiel
    We have a number of filesystems for our computational cluster, with a lot of users that store a lot of really large files. We'd like to monitor the filesystem and help optimize their usage of it, as well as plan for expansion. In order to this, we need some way to monitor how these filesystems are used. Essentially I'd like to know all sorts of statistics about the files: Age Frequency of access Last accessed times Types Sizes Ideally this information would be available in aggregate form for any directory so that we could monitor it based on project or user. Short of writing something up myself in Python, I haven't been able to find any tools capable of performing these duties. Any recommendations?

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  • how to properly edit hosts, hostname and resolf.conf?

    - by Firewall
    i,v been searching the internet for a real noop tutorial on the subject but could not found any direct info. on how to edit these files the proper way. i,v got a debian internet server that i use to host some personal domains and runs squid and rTorrent. the server is up and running with no problems but i am confused about a few things. lets say that i named my server (foo), my domain is (example.com) and my public IP is 95.211.133.200 now: should /etc/hostname contains: tango.example.com or tango <----- just the server name should /etc/hosts contains: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 95.211.133.200 foo.example.com foo should /etc/resolf.conf contains (along with the nameservers) both: domain example.com search example.com or just the first one. are there any other files that i should edit in order to make things right? last thing, the command: domainname returns: (none) i believe it should return (example.com). what should i do to correct that?

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  • Multiple network cards, controlling where my traffic goes

    - by thefinn93
    This is an Ubuntu 12.04 server install. I have multiple network cards, eth0 and eth1 lets call them. eth0 is connected to the internet, and all of my traffic goes through it, until eth1 gets plugged in. Then the machine tries to send everything through eth1, which for various and sundry reasons does not go out to the Interent. The only traffic it doesn't send through eth1 is traffic on eth0's subnet. It also will not accept inbound connections on eth0 from outside of eth0's subnet. I'd like all outbound traffic to go out eth0, but I'd like incoming connections from to either card from any subnet to work.

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  • Find command exclude files whose path match a certain pattern

    - by user40570
    I have a find command that looks for files that was modified recently and outputs the date find /path/on/server -mtime -1 -name '*.js' -exec ls -l {} \; I would like it to exclude any deeply nested folder that matches a certain pattern e.g. there are a number of folders that have a "statistics" directory and ".svn" directories. So i'd like to be able to say if the file that was modified yesterday is in a folder named statistics ignore it. Or perhaps not search for files in those folders at all.

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  • Le noyau Linux sort en version 3.15 et permet une mise en veille et une reprise plus rapides

    Le noyau Linux sort en version 3.15 et permet une mise en veille et une reprise plus rapides Comme il est de coutume, Linus Torvalds, le père du noyau Linux a annoncé la sortie de la version stable de Linux 3.15.Des améliorations de performances sont au coeur des modifications de cette troisième version du célèbre noyau open source depuis le début de cette année. Le nouveau Kernel réduit considérablement le temps de mise en veille et de reprise du système pour les ordinateurs portables.Le nouveau...

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  • Video Player/Library for Ubuntu with ratings and thumbs

    - by greggannicott
    Hi. I've just made the switch to Ubuntu on my main PC and I've been looking for a media player that can: Play all the usual video formats Rate (and ideally, tag) each file Display thumbnails for each file Other than that there isn't much I'm after. Banshee comes close, but doesn't display thumbnails. I've Google'd lots but I'm running out of search terms to try. Does anyone have any suggestions? Cheers!

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  • Hard Reset USB in Ubuntu 10.04

    - by Cory
    I have a USB device (a modem) that is really finicky. Sometimes it works fine, but other times it refuses to connect. The only solution I have found to fix it once it gets into a bad state is to physically unplug the device and plug it back in. However, I don't always have physical access to the machine it is plugged in on, so I'm looking for a way to do this through the command line. This post suggests running: $ sudo modprobe -w -r usb_storage; sudo modprobe usb_storage However I get an "unknown option -w" output. This slightly modified command: $ sudo modprobe -r usb_storage Fails with the message FATAL: Module usb_storage is in use. If I try to kill -9 the processes marked [usb-storage] before running they refuse to die (I think because they are deeply tied to the kernel). Anyone know of a way to do this? NOTE: I cross-posted this on serverfault as I didn't know which was more appropriate. I will delete and/or link whichever one is answered first.

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  • Improving sound quality with remote ESD server

    - by cuu508
    Hi, I'm investigating low-budget ways to get audio from my PC (Ubuntu) to HiFi without wires. I'm currently testing a setup where Asus WL-500gP wireless router runs ESD daemon and has attached USB soundcard which is then plugged into HiFi. I'm testing playback on PC with mpg123-esd and Spotify under Wine. The sound is there, latency is unexpectedly low, but I also hear occassional clicks and some distortion from time to time. I suppose that's because of the low latency and wireless streaming of uncompressed audio--any packet drops, CPU temporarily being busy etc. will cause clicks in sound output. Is there a way around this problem, increasing latency / buffer size somehow perhaps? Streaming using shoutcast protocol seems to be a way out but I have feeling that would be a complex and brittle setup.

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  • Ubuntu server users question

    - by Camran
    I have read this article: https://help.ubuntu.com/9.04/serverguide/C/user-management.html But it doesn't go into depth with the privileges section. I need to know how to set privileges of me (as a user). I am the only user, but I want access to everything, but I don't want to manage my VPS logged in as root. So I am creating a username. Anybody have a list of privileges, what they mean and how to set them? Thanks

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  • What steps should I take to secure Tomcat 6.x?

    - by PAS
    I am in the process of setting up an new Tomcat deployment, and want it to be as secure as possible. I have created a 'jakarta' user and have jsvc running Tomcat as a daemon. Any tips on directory permissions and such to limit access to Tomcat's files? I know I will need to remove the default webapps - docs, examples, etc... are there any best practices I should be using here? What about all the config XML files? Any tips there? Is it worth enabling the Security manager so that webapps run in a sandbox? Has anyone had experience setting this up? I have seen examples of people running two instances of Tomcat behind Apache. It seems this can be done using mod_jk or with mod_proxy... any pros/cons of either? Is it worth the trouble? In case it matters, the OS is Debian lenny. I am not using apt-get because lenny only offers tomcat 5.5 and we require 6.x. Thanks!

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  • ruby on rails server is intermittently slow

    - by Richard
    My rails installation was chugging along nicely. Last night we had to perform a hot-patch with was really a standard deploy of some exception code. Once capistrano finished the operation one of our admins discovered that there were two long running passenger processes. While we have deployed release over the past two weeks it would appear that these processes have been here and alive the whole time. Granted they could have been zombies or any other artifact and at this point we do not know what state they were in. Which leads me to the question: There are so many moving parts between the rails application and the OS/hardware that being a SME is probably no longer possible. So; how does a sysadmin perform root-cause analysis with any certainty? And: When do I just start rebooting servers?

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