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• High I/O latency with software RAID, LUKS encrypted and LVM partitioned KVM setup

  - by aef

  I found out a performance problems with a Mumble server, which I described in a previous question are caused by an I/O latency problem of unknown origin. As I have no idea what is causing this and how to further debug it, I'm asking for your ideas on the topic. I'm running a Hetzner EX4S root server as KVM hypervisor. The server is running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 and KVM virtualisation is utilized through LibVirt. The server has two different 3TB hard drives as one of the hard drives was replaced after S.M.A.R.T. errors were reported. The first hard disk is a Seagate Barracuda XT ST33000651AS (512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical sector size), the other one a Seagate Barracuda 7200.14 (AF) ST3000DM001-9YN166 (512 bytes logical and physical sector size). There are two Linux software RAID1 devices. One for the unencrypted boot partition and one as container for the encrypted rest, using both hard drives. Inside the latter RAID device lies an AES encrypted LUKS container. Inside the LUKS container there is a LVM physical volume. The hypervisor's VFS is split on three logical volumes on the described LVM physical volume: one for /, one for /home and one for swap. Here is a diagram of the block device configuration stack: sda (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) sdb (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) md0 (Boot RAID) - ext4 (/boot) md1 (Data RAID) - LUKS container - LVM Physical volume - LVM volume hypervisor-root - LVM volume hypervisor-home - LVM volume hypervisor-swap - … (Virtual machine volumes) The guest systems (virtual machines) are mostly running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 too. We have one additional Ubuntu Precise instance. They get their block devices from the LVM physical volume, too. The volumes are accessed through Virtio drivers in native writethrough mode. The IO scheduler (elevator) on both the hypervisor and the guest system is set to deadline instead of the default cfs as that happened to be the most performant setup according to our bonnie++ test series. The I/O latency problem is experienced not only inside the guest systems but is also affecting services running on the hypervisor system itself. The setup seems complex, but I'm sure that not the basic structure causes the latency problems, as my previous server ran four years with almost the same basic setup, without any of the performance problems. On the old setup the following things were different: Debian Lenny was the OS for both hypervisor and almost all guests Xen software virtualisation (therefore no Virtio, also) no LibVirt management Different hard drives, each 1.5TB in size (one of them was a Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 ST31500341AS, the other one I can't tell anymore) We had no IPv6 connectivity Neither in the hypervisor nor in guests we had noticable I/O latency problems According the the datasheets, the current hard drives and the one of the old machine have an average latency of 4.12ms.

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• progress bar for Hibernation in Windows Seven

  - by Toc

  On XP, during hibernation a progress bar showd me how long I have to wait for completing the operation. On Seven, I see no progress bar and the monitor turn off at once while the OS saves the ram on the disk. Same thing during the wake up process after the hibernation. Is it possible to have the progress bar for hibernation and following wake up on Seven?

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• Any new Sony RAID laptops coming after March 2010?

  - by Simon

  My current Sony laptop has RAID 0 (don't worry I back it up 100% every day). I have 2 × 320gb drives giving me 640gb. I want my next laptop to be RAID but with SSD + 500GB drive Unfortunately Sony's current line seems to have abandoned two disk configuations and I really don't want to go to a slower system than I have now. Anybody know if Sony has any RAID laptops (16" or larger) in the pipeline - or do I have to switch to DELL or something else

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• Tomcat memory usage

  - by Adrian Mester

  I'm running tomcat on a ubuntu 10.4 VPS with 512MB of RAM (1024 burstable). I'm using it for development, so performance isn't an issue, but memory is. Tomcat is currently using about 250MB without any apps installed (I compared memory usage with tomcat stopped and running), and I also need to run lighttpd and mysql. Is there any way to get that number down? I don't need it to be able to handle a large number of requests at once.

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• Varnish + Tomcat vs Apache + mod_jk + Tomcat

  - by Adrian Ber

  Does anyone have some comparison data in terms of performance for using in front of Tomcat either Varnish or Apache with mod_jk. I know that AJP connector suppose to be faster than HTTP, but I was thinking that in combination Varnish which is lighter and highly optimized could perform better. There is also the discussion between static resources (which I think will perform faster with Varnish than Apache, even with mod_cache) and dynamic pages.

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• How to fix semaphore timeout period has expired.

  - by Ryan

  I bough a new hard drive and I'm attempting to copy stuff off the old hard drive to the new one. I tried it using Windows Vista and Windows 7 but no go. Then I tried installing some 3rd party updated drivers that were supposed to fix the problem now my Windows Vista disk won't boot. Has anyone had this problem before and how did you fix it?

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• vmware esx licensing limit on vCPUs per VM

  - by maruti

  when a server has more than 8 cores per CPU (total 16 logical procs) and ESX standard license is applied, what does it mean for VM performance? Since each VM on host is allowed only 4 vCPUs max VMWare ESX/ESXi limits the no of vCPUs per guest VM depending on the license: standard Lic = 4 vCPU Advanced Lic = 4 since i dont know exact number is there need to upgrade to Advanced version for any perf benefits if none of VMs have workloads that need more than 4 vCPUs?

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• Ubuntu says FAT16, windows says NTF?

  - by myforwik

  I created a partition on USB harddisk in windows and it reports to be an NTFS partition. Yet in ubuntu 9.10 fdisk says it a FAT16 partition. If I mount with -t ntfs I see nothing, but if I mount without it I see all the files. Can anyone tell me whats going on here? Windows computer disk management definately says its NTFS, and a quick look at the raw data suggests it is NTFS, as I know the FAT16 very well.

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• Windows 7 120 GB disc drive C full

  - by user234570

  I have windows 7 and my disc drive has a capacity of 120 GB. From one day to another it tells me that my disc C is full in a red bar but I dont have many programs installed. I deleted all of my videos, games, music, pictures, etc and I was able to free up 30 GB. I ran the disk cleaner and emptied the TEMP folder and garbage can but it still shows a 70GB used. Can I get some help from the experts PLEASE!!!

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• OpenOffice.org 3 waits 25 seconds before opening

  - by Joey Adams

  I'm on Fedora 14, and OpenOffice 3.3.0 takes a long time to open (about 30 seconds, sometimes less). It isn't a CPU or disk performance issue, it's just simply a very long delay before the program opens. It appears to be a frivolous network connection timing out. According to Wireshark, it tries to look up: dulcimer.(none) which fails, after which it tries to look up: dulcimer.(none).mylitestream.com (dulcimer is my hostname, and LiteStream is my ISP) Is there a way to work around this bug in OpenOffice?

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• Shares on Hyper-V Host or Guest?

  - by Lazlow

  I'm about to deploy a Hyper-V Server, that will have 2 local drives: 250GB for VMs, 2TB for Shares. Does Hyper-V Server (standalone, not as a role) allow you to setup Network Shares? Or will I have to setup a VM with the 2TB drive allocated to it, for setting up the Shares? If Hyper-V supports Shares, would there be a performance benefit? The Shares will be used by both the VMs on the Hyper-V Server and other Servers within the Network.

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• formatting before md device creation in RAID5

  - by kumar

  consider you are creating a raid5 device with three drives. mdadm --create /dev/md0 --leve=5 --raid-disk=3 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 After issuing this command , I can see the progress of md device creating using cat /proc/mdstat. During the progress ITSELF, can I create a file ssytem partition say ext2 on md0 device like: mkfs.ext2 /dev/md0. Actually I am able to create this and want to confirm whether doing this before 100% completion of md device creation is CORRECT?

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• Why does my hackintosh freeze coming out of sleep?

  - by Dave

  I put OSx 10.1 on a Dell Mini 10v and everytime it goes to sleep, it either will not emerge from the sleep or if it does it's frozen. Is there something that I should be doing that I'm not? I went into the boot settings and it's set to load off of the Hard Disk drive and not the USB.

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• How do I configure cfengine3 to e-mail me when / has less than 10GB free?

  - by joeforker

  I'd like to get a notification when my server's free disk space drops below 10GB. How do I configure cfengine3 to tell me when / has less than 10GB of free space?

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• Multi-word dma 2

  - by Streki

  Hi, after installation of XP MODE I have in device manager in IDE ATA/ATAPI controler on my SSD disk Multi-word dma 2 mode/same mode like XP mode BIOS/. I using AHCI mode in bios and w7. Its any choice to get back Ultra DMA 6 mode? Thanks for help.

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• restoring outlook express passwords and settings from a second drive

  - by adrin

  My mom's computer motherboard ceased to work and instead of replacing it I bought a newer computer. I'd like to restore her mail account / outlook express identities from an old disk drive that is now connected to new computer... is it possible? I know how to restore old mails, but what about paasswords and pop3/smtp settings?

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• How to set up linux watchdog daemon with Intel 6300esb

  - by ACiD GRiM

  I've been searching for this on Google for sometime now and I have yet to find proper documentation on how to connect the kernel driver for my 6300esb watchdog timer to /dev/watchdog and ensure that watchdog daemon is keeping it alive. I am using RHEL compatible Scientific Linux 6.3 in a KVM virtual machine by the way Below is everything I've tried so far: dmesg|grep 6300 i6300ESB timer: Intel 6300ESB WatchDog Timer Driver v0.04 i6300ESB timer: initialized (0xffffc900008b8000). heartbeat=30 sec (nowayout=0) | ll /dev/watchdog crw-rw----. 1 root root 10, 130 Sep 22 22:25 /dev/watchdog | /etc/watchdog.conf #ping = 172.31.14.1 #ping = 172.26.1.255 #interface = eth0 file = /var/log/messages #change = 1407 # Uncomment to enable test. Setting one of these values to '0' disables it. # These values will hopefully never reboot your machine during normal use # (if your machine is really hung, the loadavg will go much higher than 25) max-load-1 = 24 max-load-5 = 18 max-load-15 = 12 # Note that this is the number of pages! # To get the real size, check how large the pagesize is on your machine. #min-memory = 1 #repair-binary = /usr/sbin/repair #test-binary = #test-timeout = watchdog-device = /dev/watchdog # Defaults compiled into the binary #temperature-device = #max-temperature = 120 # Defaults compiled into the binary #admin = root interval = 10 #logtick = 1 # This greatly decreases the chance that watchdog won't be scheduled before # your machine is really loaded realtime = yes priority = 1 # Check if syslogd is still running by enabling the following line #pidfile = /var/run/syslogd.pid Now maybe I'm not testing it correctly, but I would expecting that stopping the watchdog service would cause the /dev/watchdog to time out after 30 seconds and I should see the host reboot, however this does not happen. Also, here is my config for the KVM vm <!-- WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using: virsh edit sl6template or other application using the libvirt API. --> <domain type='kvm'> <name>sl6template</name> <uuid>960d0ac2-2e6a-5efa-87a3-6bb779e15b6a</uuid> <memory unit='KiB'>262144</memory> <currentMemory unit='KiB'>262144</currentMemory> <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu> <os> <type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.3.0'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <cpu mode='custom' match='exact'> <model fallback='allow'>Westmere</model> <vendor>Intel</vendor> <feature policy='require' name='tm2'/> <feature policy='require' name='est'/> <feature policy='require' name='vmx'/> <feature policy='require' name='ds'/> <feature policy='require' name='smx'/> <feature policy='require' name='ss'/> <feature policy='require' name='vme'/> <feature policy='require' name='dtes64'/> <feature policy='require' name='rdtscp'/> <feature policy='require' name='ht'/> <feature policy='require' name='dca'/> <feature policy='require' name='pbe'/> <feature policy='require' name='tm'/> <feature policy='require' name='pdcm'/> <feature policy='require' name='pdpe1gb'/> <feature policy='require' name='ds_cpl'/> <feature policy='require' name='pclmuldq'/> <feature policy='require' name='xtpr'/> <feature policy='require' name='acpi'/> <feature policy='require' name='monitor'/> <feature policy='require' name='aes'/> </cpu> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/> <source file='/mnt/data/vms/sl6template.img'/> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/> </disk> <controller type='usb' index='0'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x2'/> </controller> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:44:57:f6'/> <source bridge='br0.2'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='52:54:00:88:0f:42'/> <source bridge='br1'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target type='serial' port='0'/> </console> <watchdog model='i6300esb' action='reset'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/> </watchdog> <memballoon model='virtio'> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/> </memballoon> </devices> </domain> Any help is appreciated as the most I've found are patches to kvm and general softdog documentation or IPMI watchdog answers.

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• Best Free ISO Mounting Software for Windows

  - by Brett Veenstra

  What do you find as the best ISO / disk image mounting software out there? You can give a nod to $$$ alternatives, but I'm looking for the best freeware and support for DVD-size images as well. EDIT I actually use Virtual Clone Drive regularly, and would recommend that over anything else.

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• Normal check interval and re try check interval doesnot work in nagios

  - by chandra

  I have configured nagios in my environment and i have used the following setting for a service which monitors the disk space for every 10 min , Normal check interval =10 min retry check interval = 1 min Maximum attempts =2 But accoring to this values i should recieve my first alert after 10 min and then from there for every 1 min. But in my case i am recieving my first alert and then next alert comes to me after 20 min. Can some one help me in fixing this.

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• Running resize2fs on /

  - by Paul Steckler

  I'm trying to resize an ext4 filesystem on a Fedora 11 box. Using fsdisk and lvm, I was able to grow the partition and logical volume containing the filesystem. When I try to run resize2fs on the device containing the filesystem (/dev/sda2 in this case), I get: "Device or resource busy while trying to open /dev/sda2, Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock" I've tried this from a rescue disk that doesn't have the filesystem mounted, no joy. Maybe resize2fs doesn't know about ext4?

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• I want to execute the commands in a loop at the same time, not one after another

  - by Felipe Alvarez

  I'd like to write a loop ('for') that will do some action 'X' number of times. But instead of performing the actions sequentially, one after another, I'd like them to execute simultaneously (in parellel at the same time). How can this be achieved? Script or a one liner are fine. example ONLY: for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/disk$i bs=10M count=10; done

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• Does BitLocker reduce write reliability?

  - by Unsigned

  For the purposes of this question, BitLocker refers to the BitLocker-to-go variety on a disk with write-caching disabled. NTFS supports metadata journaling, which, although not completely failsafe, does mitigate certain types of potential filesystem errors. Assuming an NTFS volume is protected with BitLocker, does this reduce the failure tolerance? Would a power failure during a write to an NTFS volume, that's protected with BitLocker, be more prone to corruption than on an unencrypted NTFS volume?

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• Using BIND as a Personal DNS Server on Windows XP

  - by Sam

  Hello, My ISP's DNS server is very crappy and I've been trying out various alternatives to it. I came across Treewalk ( http://ntcanuck.com/ ) and BIND, and decided to use Treewalk as it seemed easier. But it's performance hasn't been satisfactory. Can someone please guide me on how to setup BIND on my standalaone Windows XP 3 system which connects to the internet using PPPOE? (Note: I am aware about OpenDNS / Google / other public DNS servers but do not wish to use them).

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• No Option to Burn ISO on Windows 7

  - by Michael Gorsuch

  From what I hear, Windows 7 is able to burn ISO files natively. I should be able to right-click on a given ISO and choose "Burn disk image", but I do not have that option on any ISO I try. I am assuming that I fudged the associations somehow. Can you help me get back on track?

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• Testing Firewire 800 port on MacBook Pro

  - by dtlussier

  I am having trouble getting my MacBook pro to mount an external Firewire hard drive. I am able to mount the disk no problem on other Macs, just not my machine. I haven't received any errors from my machine, and don't see anything related to the Firewire port in the logs. Are there good diagnostic tools for this type of problem that come with the Mac? other free alternatives ?

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