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• Home Server: storage virtualisation, what to choose?

  - by Huygens

  I'm looking for virtualisation solutions for storage and OS for a home server. A sort of private cloud where I manage the storage space independently of the VM one. This question focus on storage management. (I have another question related to the VM/compute instance management). Here my environement and wishes. Server: HP Proliant MicroServer with 8 GB RAM (AMD Turion dual core with AMD-V technology) with 1 250GB system disk and up to 4 HDD (2 TB) for "data" OS types: only Linux (perhaps a *BSD VM in the future) Linux distributions do not matter, I'm familiar with RHEL, Fedora, Suse, Ubuntu, but any other recommandation will be fine The 4 HDD is going to be a software RAID array, probably RAID 5. storage should be "virtualised/cloudified": easy to extend: if I add a NAS on the network, I can include the NAS space capacity within this storage space as one virtual disk. This can be a NAS, an external HDD or another server. cluster FS or S3 style space or OpenStack block storage? Whatever is easier to manage/maintain and easy to integrate/plug to VM/compute instance. I would prefer free (libre, as in a free speach) and open source tools. But it does not have to be free as in a free beer. Note: the VMs I intend to run on top of this server are one dedicated to backup, one for a "owncloud/dropbox"-like service and perhaps one for media server (hosting video and photos). I'm not sure if traditional VMs or compute instance are the most suitable for this.

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• How to sandbox a VMWare image as much as possible

  - by Craig H

  The situation: -A corporate environment, with a corporate managed XP desktop (locked down, patched regularly, restricted user rights, no manual install of SW, AV, etc.) The requirement: -Using VMWare Workstation, run a sandboxed image (also XP) for specific testing purposes (with admin rights in the guest VM). No network connectivity is required. It can't be a separate standalone physical workstation disconnected from the network. (FWIW, this is a legitimate, sanctioned requirement - not someone trying to get around corporate restrictions.) The challenge: -Do this in as safe/secure a manner as possible. The proposed solution: -Create an image with host-only networking. -Perhaps remove the virtual ethernet adapter? (not sure if it's required for basic VMWare functionality?) The question (finally): -What potential risks remain (and how could I best mitigate them)? One challenge is that the guest VM will not be a managed workstation itself, so patching, AV, etc. can't be guaranteed (and, ironically, would in fact be somewhat difficult given the proposed solution!)

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• Windows desktop virutalization instead of replacing work stations

  - by Chris Marisic

  I'm head of the IT department at the small business I work for, however I am primarily a software architect and all of my system administration experience and knowledge is ancillary to software development. At some point this year or next we will be looking at upgrading our workstation environment to a uniform Windows 7 / Office 2010 environment as opposed to the hodge podge collection of various OEM licensed editions of software that are on each different machine. It occurred to me that it is probably possible to forgo upgrading each workstation and instead have it be a dumb terminal to access a virutalization server and have their entire virtual workstation hosted on the server. Now I know basically anything is possible but is this a feasible solution for a small business (25-50 work stations)? Assuming that this is feasible, what type of rough guidelines exist for calculating the required server resources needed for this. How exactly do solutions handle a user accessing their VM, do they log on normally to their physical workstation and then use remote desktop to access their VM, or is it usually done with a client piece of software to negotiate this? What types of software available for administering and monitoring these VM's, can this functionality be achieved out of box with Microsoft Server 2008? I'm mostly interested in these questions relating to Server 2008 with Hyper-V but fell free to offer insight with VMware's product line up, especially if there's any compelling reasons to choose them over Hyper-V in a Microsoft shop. Edit: Just to add some more information on implementation goals would be to upgrade our platform from a Win2k3 / XP environment to a full Windows 2008 / Win7 platform without having to perform any of that associated work with our each differently configured workstation. Also could anyone offer any realistic guidelines for how big of hardware is needed to support 25-50 workstations virtually? The majority the workstations do nothing except Office, Outlook and web. The only high demand workstations are the development workstations which would keep everything local.

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• Completely unintuitive Apache/PHP memory-freeing behavior

  - by David

  Okay, this one's weird. I have a Turnkey Linux server with a gig of dedicated RAM. It's running WP3.2 with a boatload of plug-ins. It's a new site, so it has very limited traffic (other than search engines, maybe 20 hits a week). Now, for a few weeks, every few days, it would max out on main RAM, start eating up virtual RAM, and then crash. It's had this behavior for a while and I've been trying to figure out which element was causing the crash. Nine days ago, I pointed my external server monitor to this server. I wrote a 5-line HTML file (not PHP and not WP) that the server monitor accesses every minute, to see if the server is up. So, now, nine days later, the server has been rock solid, up all the time, no memory leak at all. I changed NOTHING on the server itself to see this behavior change. Have you EVER seen anything like this? All the server monitor is doing is retrieving a single, super-simple HTML file and all the memory leak problems have gone away. Weird, eh?

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• Freebsd jail for an small company - checklist - what shouldn't forget

  - by cajwine

  Looking for an checklist for an "small company freebsd/jail server". Having pretty common starting point: FreeBSD jail (remote/headless) for the company: public web, email, ftp server, and private (maybe in the future partially public) wiki (foswiki) 4 physical persons, (6 email addresses) + one admin - others will never use ssh) have already done usual hardening on the host side (like pf, sshguard etc). my major components are: dovecot, exim, apache22, proftpd, perl5.14. Looking for an checklist, what I shouldn't forget. My plan: openssl self-signed certificates for exim, dovecot and proftpd (wildcard keys) openssl self-signed certificate for apache (later will go for "trusted-signed" key) My questions are: is is an "good practice" having one pair of wildcard SSL-certificates for many programs? (exim, dovecot, proftpd) - or should I generate one key for each service? should I add all 4 persons as standard (unix) users, or I should go with virtual users? Asking because: have only small count of users, and it is more simple to configure everything (exim, dovecot) for local users ($HOME/Maildir), plus ability to set $HOME/.forward/vacation and etc. is here some (special) things what I should consider? (e.g. maybe, in the future we want setup our own webmail - will make this any difference?) any other recommendation? Thank you, hoping that this question fit into the http://serverfault.com/faq under the: Server and Business Workstation operating systems, hardware, software Operations, maintenance, and monitoring Looking for an checklist, but please explain why you're recommending it. See Good Subjective, Bad Subjective. related: What's your suggested mail server configuration for a FreeBSD server?

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• How should I deploy my JVM-based web application on ubuntu?

  - by Pieter Breed

  I've developed a web application using clojure/compojure (JVM based) and while developing I tested it using embedded jetty that runs on 0.0.0.0:8080. I would now like to deploy it to run on port 80 on ubuntu. I do dynamic virtual hosting, so any request for any host that arrives on port 80 should be handled by my application. The issues that worries me are: I can still run it embedded but I'm worried about running my app as root (needed for binding to port 80). I'm not sure if I can 'give up root' when in the JVM. Do I need to be concerned by this? besides, serving web applications is a known problem and I should be using known solutions for this (jetty or tomcat) but especially tomcat seems very heavy weight. Besides, I only have one application that listens to /* and does routing internally. (with compojure/ring). What I'm trying to say with this is that tomcat by default assigns WARs to subfolders which I don't want. So basically what I need is some very safe way of binding to port 80 on ubuntu that can with minimal interference send all requests to my app. Any ideas?

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• Mail not piping in postfix

  - by user220912

  I have setup a postfix server and wanted to test the piping of mail to my perl script where i can make use of it and filter the mails.I wrote a test script for that which just logs the information in txt file. but i don't see any changes on sending the mail. My postconf-n output: alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all mail_owner = postfix mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = yantratech.co.in, localhost.localdomain, localhost myhostname = tcmailer8.in mynetworks = 103.8.128.62, 103.8.128.69/101, 168.100.189.0/28, 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES recipient_delimiter = + relayhost = sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/pki/tls/certs/tcmailer8.in.cert smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = /etc/postfix/vhosts virtual_mailbox_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/vmaps virtual_minimum_uid = 1000 virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 here's my transport: [email protected] email_route my main.cf declaration: transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport my master.cf declaration: email_route unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=nobody argv=/etc/postfix/test.php -f $(sender) -- $(recipient) and my php script: #!/usr/bin/php <?php $fh = fopen('/etc/postfix/testmail.txt','a'); fwrite($fh, "Hello it works\n"); fclose($fh); ?> I am sending mails through telnet in localhost.

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• is a wildcard SSL the only option in this multiple VHOST/1IP setup?

  - by solsol

  I have a web app set up that needs the following SSL encryption: secure.myapp.com -> SSL www.myapp.com/login -> SSL www.myapp.com/signup -> SSL If I'm correct, I could run one SSL certificate for my whole www.myapp.com/* pages. The problem is that I have a subdomain called secure.myapp.com that either needs to be on a separate IP address to work with SSL. Right now I have one server, one public IP and a number of Virtual Hosts in apache to make this work. I'd rather not buy an expensive Wildcard SSL certificate to secure just one subdomain. What is your advice on this? If it IS the only solution any tips on getting a price worthy wildcard SSL cert is appreciated. I have read about SNI that allows the use of multiple SSL certs, but not all browsers (IE6!) support this. Since we are building a web app for the public, we cannot have IE6 to run on unencrypted connections. Thanks for you help

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• Run a script on user connection on the VM host

  - by Scott Chamberlain

  I have a server running a Virtual Desktop Managed Pool, what I would like to do is when a user logs in I would like a script to check the number of available VMs and if below a threashold add additional VMs to the pool. The script to check the load and add to the pool is not the problem, I have that already figured out: $collectionName = "Test1"; $rdvh = "vmHost.example.com"; $minAvailableVMs = 2; Import-Module RemoteDesktop; $pool = Get-VirtualDesktopCollection -CollectionName $collectionName; $availableVMs = $pool.Size - ($pool.Size * $pool.PercentInUse / 100); $status = Get-VirtualDesktopCollectionJobStatus $collectionName #only add new servers if we are below the threashold and in the JOB_COMPLETEED state if($availableVMs -lt $minAvailableVMs -and $status.Status -eq [Microsoft.RemoteDesktopServices.Management.VirtualDesktopCollectionJobStatus]::JOB_COMPLETED) { Add-RDVirtualDesktopToCollection -CollectionName $collectionName -VirtualDesktopAllocation @{"$rdvh" = 1} } The problem I am having is, how do I run the above script on the Virtualization Host/Connection Broker/Some other server when a user connects?. I don't think it would be appropriate to run this as a logon script inside the VM, I think there is a way to do this on the management side but I don't know the new scripting interface in Server 2012 R2 well enough to know which commandlets I should look for to schedule this. EDIT: I know System Center is perfect for this but I do not have a license and was denied when I asked for it to be added to the budget.

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• Create account for service

  - by Andy

  I am configuring a new server. The server is running Hudson that is going to copy some files from this server to another. The other server is a virtual machine. Both running Windows Server 2012. Hudson is started on server A with log on as "Local System". When I come to the copy phase it says "Access denied". Changing the log on to "Administrator" works. However, I guess this is bad. I do not have much experience with user management. I tried to create a own hudson account on both servers A and B. I tried to log on as hudson account in the service-management but it doesn't start. How would you create an account for this particular service that has access to the shared folder on server B and can be used to start the service on server A? I guess I need two accounts with same username and password on server A and server B? The folder on Server B is shared with everyone and the guest account is enabled.

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• Generalized strategy for file server virtualization in Xenserver

  - by Jamie

  I'm not shopping as much as I'm looking for some guidance on good idea / bad idea strategies. I'm sure I'm not in the "best practices" budget range. Currently, I have 3 dell poweredges running xenserver in a pool. Each node has a ubuntu file server, serving about 6TB. One is the primary, the other two are rsync targets for backup. The 6TB is stored on their respective local storage disks as an LVM of 3x2tb virtual disks. The fileserver VM disks are also stored on the node local disks. Each node also runs a smattering of light-weight VMs for web, development, windows VMs, and stuff like that. Several of those VM's disks reside on a QNAP NAS to play with live migration. These VM's are often clients of the primary file server (like all the mail, web content, user files are stored on the file server, not on the mail, web, and samba VMs). This all works fine, and is a major step up for us. The downside is that the QNAP is a single point of failure. And the only thing the QNAP is doing is serving migratable VM images, not client data. Someday the poweredge local arrays will be full, and we will have to reinvent ourselves again. Is it wise to have heavywieght vms (like the fileserver, with its 6+ TB disks) on a SAN or NAS? Would it be better to keep the VMs lightweight, have the VM images on a SAN or NAS, and use 2 or more NAS act as NFS-serving file appliances? A hybrid SAN/NAS that can serve iscsi for images and NFS for the client vms? It seems like live-magration would be a misnomer if you have to migrate a fileserver with its entire 6+ TB disk. I recognize there are plenty of ways to skin the cat. We've already skinned it a few ways. What makes sense?

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• Why do I need to set up Autologon values in registry twice before it works and can i fix this?

  - by jJack

  Background: As part an automated testing suite I am building, I need to set up Autologon on my virtual machines 'on demand'. By on demand, I mean that I don't want to necessarily pre-configure my VM or any snapshot to have Autologon set up already, for security reasons and also a huge business case. My solution so far: I'm copying a script to the guest machine and then using Sysinternals PsExec to execute it. The script is: reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultUserName /t REG_SZ /d myusername reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultPassword /t REG_SZ /d myfakepassword reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v DefaultDomainName /t REG_SZ /d mydomain reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v ForceAutoLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /f /v AutoAdminLogon /t REG_SZ /d 1 reg add "hklm\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\AutoLogonChecked" /f /ve /d 1 Note: I don't believe AutoLogonChecked is required for machines post Windows 2000 but I'm doing it just in case for now. Maybe ForceAutoLogon isn't either, not sure yet. The Problem: I see PsExec executes this properly and all the values are in the registry, however when I restart the machine, the user isn't automatically logged on...When I run this a second time then restart the machine, the user is finally logged on. A diff between the registry states shows that the first time I run this, it is missing both the "1" for AutoAdminLogon, and also the DefaultPassword key. The second time I execute it, these values are correctly intact as I intended. So, what is going on here? Is this expected? This post claims in the end that it really all just works (the problem was that a logoff script was setting off the values). Doesn't seem to work for me however.

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• Storing secure keys on Ubuntu web server

  - by Sencha

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 Precise with a DUNG (Django, Unix, Nginx & Gunicorn) environment and my app (as well as various config files) is stored in a python virtual environment inside /srv, which the www-data user has access to. The nginx & gunicorn processes are all run as www-data. My web app requires secure credentials which I am storing in an environment.sh file. This file contains various exports and is run using source before the gunicorn processes execute. My concern is the location of the environment.sh file and it's permissions. Will it be okay storing this file inside the /srv folder where the www-data has access to it? Or should it be stored and owned by root somewhere else such as /var/myapp/environment.sh? Also, regarding the www-data user, if any of my web processes (which are run as www-data) are compromised and someone gains access to them, does that mean that the user could potentially read any file on the system, even if they can't write? Including my secure keys?

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• DRBD stacked resources: recovering from failure

  - by Marcus Downing

  We're running a stacked four-node DRBD setup like this: A --> B | | v v C D This means three DRBD resources running across these four servers. Servers A and B are Xen hosts running VMs, while servers C and D are for backups. A is in the same datacentre as C. From server A to server C, in the first datacentre, using protocol B From server B to server D, in the second datacentre, using protocol B From server A to server B, different datacentres, stacked resource using protocol A First question: booting a stacked resource We haven't got any vital data running on this setup yet - we're still making sure it works first. This means simulating power cuts, network outages etc and seeing what steps we need to recover. When we pull the power out of server A, both resources go down; it attempts to bring them back up at next boot. However, it only succeeds at bringing up the lower-level resource, A-C. The stacked resource A-B doesn't even try to connect, presumably because it can't find the device until it's a connected primary on the lower level. So if anything goes wrong we need to manually log in and bring that resource up, then start the virtual machine on top of it. Second question: setting the primary of a stacked resource Our lower-level resources are configured so that the right one is considered primary: resource test-AC { on A { ... } on C { ... } startup { become-primary-on A; } } But I don't see any way to do the same with a stacked resource, as the following isn't a valid config: resource test-AB { stacked-on-top-of test-AC { ... } stacked-on-top-of test-BD { ... } startup { become-primary-on test-AC; } } This too means that recovering from a failure requires manual intervention. Is there no way to set the automatic primary for a stacked resource?

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• Virtualize SBS 2003 - P2V vs migrating to new VM

  - by jlehtinen

  I need to virtualize a SBS 2003 server in my work environment. I need some tips on what people think is the best way to proceed. Background: The SBS 2003 server is the primary DC for the domain and also hosts FTP, RRAS(VPN), DNS, and file shares. Exchange is NOT used, neither is SQL server. DHCP is done via a firewall appliance. I have added a Server 2003 VM to the domain and promoted it to the DC role. AD/DNS is replicating here correctly. This was mainly done to provide fault-tolerance to the domain, I was not intending to make this VM the primary DC. I've already asked about buying upgraded licensing for Server 2008/2012 but was refused due to cost. Options: I see (at least) two routes I could take to complete this. From what I've read option 2 is the "preferred" method, but there's a few steps where I'm not clear on what to expect. Option 1.) P2V the primary DC Power off primary DC Power off secondary DC (to prevent USN rollback in case P2V has issue) P2V (cold clone) primary DC Boot new PDC VM Allow new hardware to detect Remove old NIC hardware from device manager Assign old IPs to new virtual NICs Reboot PDC VM, confirm connectivity and no major issues Power on secondary DC, confirm replication Option 2.) Create new VM, transfer roles, remove original DC from domain Create new VM, install SBS 2003 Do I need the original SBS install discs for this? MS migration doc mentions this. Add VM to domain, promote to DC role Does this start 7 day timer where two SBS servers can be in same domain? Set up RRAS on new VM Set up IIS/FTP on new VM Move file shares to new VM Transfer FSMO roles to new VM DC dcpromo original primary DC out of domain

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• User-unique .vimrc file for servers as root user

  - by Scott

  I'm getting thrown into an IDE war at the office, where multiple users have root access on our servers, and like to have everything their own way with VIM. Unfortunately, we have our servers locked down enough to where if you want to do anything, you need to have root access. Obviously (although this is obviously frowned upon), we get tired of typing sudo before each command we type, which would require that we constantly type in our wonderfully complex passwords that are mandated on us over and over again, so naturally we all just execute the sudo su - command upon login to avoid all of this. Of course, when it comes to VIM and custom .vimrc files, we are often times stepping on someone else's custom .vimrc file, and we have some whacked out functionality in these files that users have that may overwrite functionality that we have no idea about, much less have the patience to learn either. When as root on a linux box, is there any way for all of us to still maintain our .vimrc file without having to overwrite the file over and over again every time someone wants to use VIM? Ideally, we have many virtual machines all with VIM installed, so a universal solution across all servers would be best, and we do have our Microsoft Windows user specific home directories mounted on the servers under /home/username. Any recommendations for accommodating this?

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• secure user-authentication in squid: The Story

  - by Isaac

  once upon a time, there was a beautiful warm virtual-jungle in south america, and a squid server lived there. here is an perceptual image of the network: <the Internet> | | A | B Users <---------> [squid-Server] <---> [LDAP-Server] When the Users request access to the Internet, squid ask their name and passport, authenticate them by LDAP and if ldap approved them, then he granted them. Everyone was happy until some sniffers stole passport in path between users and squid [path A]. This disaster happened because squid used Basic-Authentication method. The people of jungle gathered to solve the problem. Some bunnies offered using NTLM of method. Snakes prefered Digest-Authentication while Kerberos recommended by trees. After all, many solution offered by people of jungle and all was confused! The Lion decided to end the situation. He shouted the rules for solutions: Shall the solution be secure! Shall the solution work for most of browsers and softwares (e.g. download softwares) Shall the solution be simple and do not need other huge subsystem (like Samba server) Shall not the method depend on special domain. (e.g. Active Directory) Then, a very resonable-comprehensive-clever solution offered by a monkey, making him the new king of the jungle! can you guess what was the solution? Tip: The path between squid and LDAP is protected by the lion, so the solution have not to secure it. Note: sorry for this boring and messy story! /~\/~\/~\ /\~/~\/~\/~\/~\ ((/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\)) (/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\) (//// ~ ~ \\\\) (\\\\( (0) (0) )////) (\\\\( __\-/__ )////) (\\\( /-\ )///) (\\\( (""""") )///) (\\\( \^^^/ )///) (\\\( )///) (\/~\/~\/~\/) ** (\/~\/~\/) *####* | | **** /| | | |\ \\ _/ | | | | \_ _________// Thanks! (,,)(,,)_(,,)(,,)--------'

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• trouble running multiple domains on tomcat behind apache via mod_jk

  - by mkoryak

  I am having trouble setting up tomcat6 with 2 virtual hosts, behind apache2. if i have just one host defined in tomcat, and one jk worker, everything works fine. as soon as i define another jk worker and a corresponding tomcat host i get this error in jk.log: 9:3075328656] [info] ajp_connect_to_endpoint::jk_ajp_common.c (922): Failed opening socket to (69.164.218.75:8009) (errno=111) [Tue Feb 08 03:08:13 2011] [17159:3075328656] [error] ajp_send_request::jk_ajp_common.c (1507): (dogself) connecting to backend failed. Tomcat is probably not started or is listening on the wrong port (errno=111) [Tue Feb 08 03:08:13 2011] [17159:3075328656] [info] ajp_service::jk_ajp_common.c (2447): (dogself) sending request to tomcat failed (recoverable), because of error during request sending (attempt=2) [Tue Feb 08 03:08:13 2011] [17159:3075328656] [error] ajp_service::jk_ajp_common.c (2466): (dogself) connecting to tomcat failed. [Tue Feb 08 03:08:13 2011] [17159:3075328656] [info] jk_handler::mod_jk.c (2615): Service error=-3 for worker=dogself my tomcat server.xml looks like this: <Service name="Catalina"> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" URIEncoding="UTF-8" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="dogself.com"> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> <Host name="dogself.com" appBase="webapps-dogself" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> </Host> <Host name="nousophia.com" appBase="webapps-test" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> </Host> </Engine> </Service> my workers.properties looks like this: # workers.properties - ajp13 # # List workers worker.list=dogself,nousophia # Define dogself worker.dogself.port=8009 worker.dogself.host=dogself.com worker.dogself.type=ajp13 worker.nousophia.port=8009 worker.nousophia.host=nousophia.com worker.nousophia.type=ajp13 tomcat is started/restarted i followed these directions for setting it up: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1765399/linking-apache-to-tomcat-with-multiple-domains can someone confirm that it would work as above?

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• "iostat" command different in two equal machines

  - by Oz.

  We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 8 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are - 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st. Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? iostat command on the proper machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 8.97 0.03 4.46 0.19 0.14 86.23 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 1.60 0.69 55.38 587620 47254184 xvdfp2 2.64 1.10 61.04 934786 52091056 xvdfp4 0.86 0.19 41.72 163866 35601920 xvdfp1 4.37 36.59 73.89 31220810 63051504 xvdfp3 8.03 7.08 94.63 6045402 80749184 iostat command on problematic machine: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 9.29 0.04 5.55 0.26 0.11 84.74 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn xvdap1 2.13 3.34 68.85 246244 5077888 xvdfp1 7.60 74.31 104.88 5480362 7734840 xvdfp3 13.22 73.67 125.00 5433386 9218600 xvdfp4 1.11 0.76 65.08 55762 4799248 xvdfp2 4.16 3.31 99.17 243818 7313264 Many thanks for the help.

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• Migrate Maildir between courier and dovecot servers

  - by DeaconDesperado

  I have several tarballs that make up all the previous emails for two or three accounts on a mail server. This machine we be shut down within a few weeks and so I need to migrate all the previously subscribed IMAP folders to the new server. The old machine ran Dovecot with exim and delivered all mail to a virtual user folder on the server in maildir format. The new machine uses courier and postfix, also configured to deliver through maildir. The new server is already setup and all clients are successfully logging in, the problem is migrating their old conversations. I've tried moving the old message files directly and deleting the imap db that records which messages have already been fetched, but nothing has been successful. The outlook clients present an error for every message saying that the "message can no longer be located on the server." Keeping the files chronologically sorted is not an object, I just need to migrate the old conversations over. Is there a way to do this in a batch operation that will allow the clients to login to the new server and treat these old messages as though they were new? What is the protocol for this kind of migration?

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• How do you initialize networking on a new Xen guest VM?

  - by Marten Veldthuis

  We have a Citrix XenServer setup, and while I personally lean more towards Dev than Ops, I've got an issue that's been bugging me. When you provision a new (Linux/Ubuntu) guest, how do you get it to have the correct IP-address? I'd want my application servers to exist in the range of 10.20.0.0/24, preferably being .1, .2, etc, so I can keep my sanity. I guess that the actual IP-address is something set in Linux itself, and Xen can't touch that, but then what's the best practice for getting it done? If you set up DHCP, don't you just move the problem to getting the adapters the "correct" MAC-addresses? Do you just have to hardcode a large table of MAC-addresses to IP-addresses, and then provision new guests always with the correct MAC-address on the virtual ethernet adapter? What we currently do is have an image of a "app server" that we boot up a new instance of, and then finalize it (with a script) that (among other things) modifies the /etc/networking/interface file to give it the correct IP. But that feels dirty to me, and I feel like surely there must a better way. Please enlighten me?

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• Postgresql connection refused

  - by Jonathan

  I'm trying to remotely connect to my postgresql database. I have two virtual machines set up both running ubuntu 14.04. I am trying to connect to the second vm using the first vm using psql -h 10.0.1.23 -U postgres -d postgres But I receive the error: Could not connect to server: Connection refused Is the server running on host "10.0.1.23" and accepting TCP/IP connections on port 5432? I have changed the pg_hba.conf and added host all all 10.0.1.64/24 md5 host all all * md5 host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5 And changed the postgresql.conf listen_address=" * " In an attempt to allow all incoming connections. I have also tried to change the firewall settings, but I am unsure of whether or not the ports are properly listening for the connection. Edit: Output of netstat -an | grep -E '^tcp[^6].*LISTEN' tcp 0 0 127.0.1.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:23 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

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• VMWare web UI intermittent access on CentOS

  - by PeteWilliams

  Hiya, I've got a CentOS 5.2 server that I'm trying to get set up as a development environment. As part of this, I planned to install VMWare Server 2 and set up several virtual development servers. I've got as far as installing VMWare Server 2 but access to the remote control panel is only working intermittently. If I access it through Firefox at https://127.0.0.1:8333/ui/# it usually says either: "Connection intterupted: connection was reset before the page loaded" Or "Firefox can't establish a connection to the server at 127.0.0.1" But every now and then it lets me in and I'll manage a few clicks in the web UI before it kicks me out with the following error: "The server could not complete a request (HTTP 0 ). The server encountered an unexpected condition that prevented it from fulfilling the request. If this problem persists, please contact your system administrator." I've done all the updates available in CentOS except one OpenOffice one that is causing a conflict, and I re-ran wmware-config.pl after updating the kernel. Though I went with all the defaults as I don't really know what I'm doing! I've since rebooted and nothing changed. I've also tried accessing the control panel remotely from another machine in the network and the results are the same. Does anyone have any ideas what might be causing this and how I can resolve it? I'm afraid I'm a developer playing at sys-admin, so I may be missing something obvious! Many thanks Pete Update I have now reinstalled both the operating system and VMWare and I'm still getting the same issue. I wonder if it's a result of the settings I'm putting in on the config.pl script..?

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• Multiple servers vs 1 big server performace

  - by pistacchio

  Hi to all! My team of developers has suggested a server structure for an upcoming project we are developing. Our structure is "logical", meaning that the various logical components of the application (it is a distributed one) relies on different servers. Some components are more critical than others and will be subjected to more load. Our proposal was to have 1 server per component but the hardware guys suggested to replace the various machines with a single, bigger one with virtual servers. They're gonna use Blade Servers. Now, I'm not an expert at all, but my question to the guys was: so if we need, for example, 3 2GHz CPU / 2GB RAM machines and you give me 1 machine with 3 2GHz CPUs and 6 GB of RAM it is the same? They told me it is. Is this accurate? What are the advantages or disadvantages of both the solutions? What are the generally accepted best practices? Could you point out some URL reference dealing with the problem? Thank you in advance! EDIT: Some more info. The (internet / intranet) application is already layered. We have some servers on the DMZ that will expose pages to the internet and the databases are on their own machines. What we want to split (and they want to join) are some webservers that mainly expose webservices. One is a DAL that communicates with the database layer, one is our Single Sign On / User Profile application that gets called once per page and one is a clone of what seen on the Internet to be used on our lan.

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• Why am I seeing Zero errors in non-ECC RAM?

  - by Alexander Shcheblikin

  According to sources, memory errors are a very probable event: Some say the probability of a DRAM error is 95% in just 3 days of operation of a computer with just 4 GB of RAM, others say 32% of servers experience at least one error in a month with 8% of DIMMs being at fault. Contrary to those horrors, in my more than 10 years of personal computers use I have seen exactly none of the memory errors. I admit I never paid special attention to the subject. However, I have ventured multi-hour memtest86 runs couple of times and never seen an error either. Some of the factors that IMO should aggravate the memory problems: I build my computers out of the most "bulk commodity" parts: mainstream budget motherboards and the next to cheapest memory. also I usually max out the technology available, e.g. in the times of 32 bit OS'es I used 4 GB of RAM and with the current desktop CPUs and the newer 64 bit OS'es I use 32 GB of RAM. memory usage is moderately heavy with lots of virtual machines up running small and big tasks 24/7/365. But nevertheless, no memory-related problems ever found! How's that?

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