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• Reference - What does this error mean in PHP?

  - by hakre

  On Stackoverflow you can see a lot of questions popping up about errors. Some users do not even know that error messages exists, others are asking about code that gives an error message but they do not understand the error message. If the error message is common, many questions about the same kind of error appears, but it is hard to find existing Q&A about the topic. Please add "your favorite" error message, one per answer, a short description what it means (even if it is only highlighting terms to their manual page) and a listing of existing Q&A that are of value. This will create a list. The question is a community wiki, so you are not answering for reputation but for creating a reference list for new users. It's based on error messages. Compare with the existing Reference - What does this symbol mean in PHP? question, which works pretty well. What are common errors in PHP and what are their Solutions. Index of Errors Just starting, but there are already some: Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent Warning: mysql_fetch_array() expects parameter 1 to be resource, boolean given in ... on line Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_XXX in YYY on line ZZZ Fatal Error: Call to a member function ... on a non-object

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• Can't use my form

  - by Alexandr

  I have class with my form in folder /application/forms/Auth.php it looks like class Form_Auth extends Zend_Form { public function __construct() { $this->setName(); parent::__construct(); $username = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('username'); $password = new Zend_Form_Element_Password('password'); $mail = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('mail'); $submit = new Zend_Form_Element_Submit('submit'); $this->addElements(array($username,$password,$mail,$submit)); } } When i try create object $this->view->form = new Form_Auth(); is see exeption Application error Exception information: Message: Invalid name provided; must contain only valid variable characters and be non-empty Stack trace: D:\WWW\zends\application\Forms\Auth.php(8): Zend_Form-setName() d:\WWW\zends\application\controllers\RegistrationController.php(49): Form_Auth-__construct() D:\WebServer\ZendFramework\ZendFramework\library\Zend\Controller\Action.php(513): RegistrationController-indexAction() D:\WebServer\ZendFramework\ZendFramework\library\Zend\Controller\Dispatcher\Standard.php(289): Zend_Controller_Action-dispatch('indexAction') D:\WebServer\ZendFramework\ZendFramework\library\Zend\Controller\Front.php(954): Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard-dispatch(Object(Zend_Controller_Request_Http), Object(Zend_Controller_Response_Http)) D:\WebServer\ZendFramework\ZendFramework\library\Zend\Application\Bootstrap\Bootstrap.php(97): Zend_Controller_Front-dispatch() D:\WebServer\ZendFramework\ZendFramework\library\Zend\Application.php(366): Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap-run() D:\WWW\zends\public\index.php(26): Zend_Application-run() {main} Request Parameters: array ( 'controller' = 'registration', 'action' = 'index', 'module' = 'default', ) the version zf is 1.10.3 what i do wrong ?

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• Precompile assets for a rails engine

  - by Peter Ehrlich

  In a standard app, I have this line in my production.rb, which creates endpoints for non-default precompiled assets: config.assets.precompile += %w( mobile.css ) My rails engine is a standard Sinatra app. It has its own assets. When on development, these assets are served fine, presumably the web requests are handled by rails and sprockets. On production I'm getting 404s on the assets, and think I have to manually tell sprockets to provide the files. How can this be done without tightly linking? It isin't evident how to set up env-specific initializers for engines. Is this done? Not only, for example, is config/development.rb within the engine not loaded, but there's no way to get the application class itself without knowing its name, in order to modify configuration. And even if there was, it seems that having any engine able to reconfigure the main app would be very bad idea. So maybe its better to let assets handling be done by sinatra itself? Or another instance of sprockets for the engine? How do other engines handle this?

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• ASP:GridView does not show data with ObjectdataSource

  - by Kashif

  I have been trying to bind a DataGrid with ObjectDataSource having custom paging but no output is display on my usercontrol. Here is the code I am using <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" DataKeyNames="LeadId" DataSourceID="dsBuyingLead1" AllowPaging="True"> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="Subject" HeaderText="Subject" ReadOnly="True" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="ExpiryDate" HeaderText="ExpiryDate" ReadOnly="True" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView> <asp:ObjectDataSource ID="dsBuyingLead1" runat="server" EnablePaging="True" DataObjectTypeName="Modules.SearchBuyingLeadInfo" OldValuesParameterFormatString="original_{0}" SelectMethod="GetAllBuyingLeads" StartRowIndexParameterName="startRow" MaximumRowsParameterName="maximumRows" SelectCountMethod="GetAllBuyingLeadsCount" TypeName="Modules.SearchController"> <SelectParameters> <asp:QueryStringParameter Name="searchText" QueryStringField="q" Type="String" /> </SelectParameters> </asp:ObjectDataSource> Here are my methods from SearchController class: [DataObjectMethod(DataObjectMethodType.Select)] public static long GetAllBuyingLeadsCount(string searchText) { return DataProvider.Instance().GetAllBuyingLeadsCount(searchText); } [DataObjectMethod(DataObjectMethodType.Select)] public static List<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> GetAllBuyingLeads (string searchText, int startRow, int maximumRows) { List<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> l = CBO.FillCollection<SearchBuyingLeadInfo> ( DataProvider.Instance() .GetAllBuyingLeadswithText(searchText, startRow, maximumRows) ); return l; } Where SearchBuyingLeadInfo is my Data Access Object class I have verified by setting up break points that both GetAllBuyingLeadsCount and GetAllBuyingLeads return non-zero values but unfortunately nothing is displayed on the grid. Only the column headers are displayed. Can anyone tell me what am I missing?

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• scanf segfaults and various other anomalies inside while loop

  - by Shadow

  while(1){ //Command prompt char *command; printf("%s>",current_working_directory); scanf("%s",command);<--seg faults after input has been received. printf("\ncommand:%s\n",command); } I am getting a few different errors and they don't really seem reproducible(except for the segfault at this point .<). This code worked fine about 10 minutes ago, then it infinite looped the printf command and now it seg faults on the line mentioned above. The only thing I changed was scanf("%s",command); to what it currently is. If I change the command variable to be an array it works, obviously this is because the storage is set aside for it. 1) I got prosecuted about telling someone that they needed to malloc a pointer* (But that usually seems to solve the problem such as making it an array) 2) the command I am entering is "magic" 5 characters so there shouldn't be any crazy stack overflow. 3) I am running on mac OSX 10.6 with newest version of xCode(non-OS4) and standard gcc 4) this is how I compile the program: gcc --std=c99 -W sfs.c Just trying to figure out what is going on. Being this is for a school project I am never going to have to see again, I will just code some noob work around that would make my boss cry :) But for afterwards I would love to figure out why this is happening and not just make some fix for it, and if there is some fix for it why that fix works.

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• How do I swallow the dropdown behavior inside an Expander.Header?

  - by Peter Seale

  Hello, I would like to prevent an Expander from expanding/collapsing when users click inside the header area. This is basically the same question as Q 1396153, but I'd appreciate a more favorable answer :) Is there a non-invasive way to do this? I am not sure exactly how to attach behavior to the Expander.Header content to prevent mouseclicks. I'm willing to float in content outside the expander itself via a fixed grid layout, but I'm not keen on the solution. Ideas? XamlPad sample XAML: <Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" > <Expander> <Expander.Header><TextBlock>When I click this text, I don't want to trigger expansion/collapse! Only when I click the expander button do I want to trigger an expand/collapse!</TextBlock></Expander.Header> <Grid Background="Red" Height="100" Width="100" > </Grid> </Expander> </Page>

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• safe placement new & explicit destructor call

  - by uray

  this is an example of my codes: ` template <typename T> struct MyStruct { T object; } template <typename T> class MyClass { MyStruct<T>* structPool; size_t structCount; MyClass(size_t count) { this->structCount = count; this->structPool = new MyStruct<T>[count]; for( size_t i=0 ; i<count ; i++ ) { //placement new to call constructor new (&this->structPool[i].object) T(); } } ~MyClass() { for( size_t i=0 ; i<this->structCount ; i++ ) { //explicit destructor call this->structPool[i].object.~T(); } delete[] this->structPool; } } ` my question is, is this a safe way to do? do I make some hidden mistake at some condition? will it work for every type of object (POD and non-POD) ?

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• How to fix error - "@interface interfaceName : someEnumeration" gives error "cannot find interface '

  - by Paul V

  How can I solve "cannot find interface declaration 'someEnumeration', superclass of 'interfaceName'" error? What steps will reproduce the problem? Compiling Wsdl2ObjC Targeting groupwise.wsdl file Fixing non-valid file names of output csource code like ".h" + ".m" and objects inside source files Moving up one of the @interface BEFORE it was used futher in code! What is the expected output? Something working What do you see instead? 33 errors. "Inherited" from only 3 similar Inheritances of a typedef enum object by a class. All errors are typical: typedef enum types_StatusTrackingOptions { types_StatusTrackingOptions_none = 0, types_StatusTrackingOptions_None, types_StatusTrackingOptions_Delivered, types_StatusTrackingOptions_DeliveredAndOpened, types_StatusTrackingOptions_All, } types_StatusTrackingOptions; types_StatusTrackingOptions types_StatusTrackingOptions_enumFromString(NSString *string); NSString * types_StatusTrackingOptions_stringFromEnum(types_StatusTrackingOptions enumValue); @interface types_StatusTracking : types_StatusTrackingOptions { ... and here I'm having error "cannot find interface declaration for 'types_StatusTrackingOptions', superclass of 'types_StatusTracking'". What version of the product are you using? On what operating system? Wsdl2ObjC - rev 168, OS - Mac OS X 10.6.2, iPhone SDK - 3.2, Simulator - v. 3.1.2 - 3.1.3, wsdl - for GroupWise v.8, NDK released 2008-12-23, wsdl and xsd files are attached. P.S. GroupWise.wsdl + .xsd files could be downloaded from http://code.google.com/p/wsdl2objc/issues/detail?id=99

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• How to handle management trying to interfere with the project (including architecture decision)

  - by Zwei Steinen

  I feel this is not a very good question to post on SO, but I need some advice from experienced developers... (I'm a second year developer) I guess this is a problem to many, many projects, but in our case, it is getting intense. There were so much interference from people that don't know a bit about software development, that our development came to an almost complete stop. We had to literary escape to another location to get any useful job done. Now we were happily producing results, but then I get a request for a "meeting" and it's them again. I have a friendly relationship with them, but I feel very daunted at the thought of talking about non-sense all over again. Should I be firm and tell them to shut up and wait for our results? Or should I be diplomatic and create an illusion they are making a positive contribution or something?? My current urge is to be unfriendly and murmur some stuff so they will give up or something. What would you do if you were in this situation?

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• What is the best way to identify which form has been submitted?

  - by Rupert

  Currently, when I design my forms, I like to keep the name of the submit button equal to the id of the form. Then, in my php, I just do if(isset($_POST['submitName'])) in order to check if a form has been submitted and which form has been submitted. Firstly, are there any security problems or design flaws with this method? One problem I have encountered is when I wish to overlay my forms with javascript in order to provide faster validation to the user. For example, whilst I obviously need to retain server side validation, it is more convenient for the user if an error message is displayed inline, upon blurring an input. Additionally, it would be good to provide entire form validation, upon clicking the submit button. Therefore, when the user clicks on the form's submit button, I am stopping the default action, doing my validation, and then attempting to renable the traditional submit functionality, if the validation passes. In order to do this, I am using the form.submit() method but, unfortunately, this doesn't send the submit button variable (as it should be as form.submit() can be called without any button being clicked). This means my PHP script fails to detect that the form has been submitted. What is the correct way to work around this? It seems like the standard solution is to add a hidden field into the form, upon passing validation, which has the name of form's id. Then when form.submit() is called, this is passed along in place of the submit button. However, this solution seems very ungraceful to me and so I am wondering whether I should: a) Use an alternative method to detect which form has been submitted which doesn't rely rely on passing the submit button. If so what alternative is there? Obviously, just having an extra hidden field from the start isn't any better. b) Use an alternative Javascript solution which allows me to retain my non-Javascript design. For example, is there an alternative to form.submit() which allows me to pass in extra data? c) Suck it up and just insert a hidden field using Javascript.

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• socket timeout and remove O_NONBLOCK option

  - by juxstapose

  Hello, I implemented a socket timeout and retry but in order to do it I had to set the socket as a non-blocking socket. However, I need the socket to block. This was my attempt at a solution to these two problems. This is not working. Subsequent send calls block but never send any data. When I connect without the select and the timeout, subsequent send calls work normally. References: C: socket connection timeout How to reset a socket back to blocking mode (after I set it to nonblocking mode)? Code: fd_set fdset; struct timeval tv; fcntl(dsock, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK); tv.tv_sec = theDeviceTimeout; tv.tv_usec = 0; int retries=0; logi(theLogOutput, LOG_INFO, "connecting to device socket num retrys: %i", theDeviceRetry); for(retries=0;retries<theDeviceRetry;retries++) { connect(dsock, (struct sockaddr *)&daddr, sizeof daddr); FD_ZERO(&fdset); FD_SET(dsock, &fdset); if (select(dsock + 1, NULL, &fdset, NULL, &tv) == 1) { int so_error; socklen_t slen = sizeof so_error; getsockopt(dsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, &so_error, &slen); if (so_error == 0) { logi(theLogOutput, LOG_INFO, "connected to socket on port %i on %s", theDevicePort, theDeviceIP); break; } else { logi(theLogOutput, LOG_WARN, "connect to %i failed on ip %s because %s retries %i", theDevicePort, theDeviceIP, strerror(errno), retries); logi(theLogOutput, LOG_WARN, "failed to connect to device %s", strerror(errno)); logi(theLogOutput, LOG_WARN, "error: %i %s", so_error, strerror(so_error)); continue; } } } int opts; opts = fcntl(dsock,F_GETFL); logi(theLogOutput, LOG_DEBUG, "clearing nonblock option %i retries %i", opts, retries); opts ^= O_NONBLOCK; fcntl(dsock, F_SETFL, opts);

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• Center label instance inside VGroup in Flex

  - by Jerry

  Hi all I am trying to center my labels below my image inside my VGroup. The labels are align to left now and it seems like HorizontalAlign is not working on spark component. Anyone knows how to fix it? Thanks a lot. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <s:Application xmlns:fx="http://ns.adobe.com/mxml/2009" xmlns:s="library://ns.adobe.com/flex/spark" xmlns:mx="library://ns.adobe.com/flex/mx" minWidth="955" minHeight="600"> <fx:Declarations> <!-- Place non-visual elements (e.g., services, value objects) here --> </fx:Declarations> <s:VGroup width="800"> <mx:Image source="images/big/city1.jpg"/> <s:Label text="test1" horizontalCenter="0" /> //doesn't work....:( <s:Label text="test2" /> </s:VGroup> </s:Application>

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• jQuery.ajax() + empty JSON object = parse error

  - by roosteronacid

  I get a parse error when using jQuery to load some JSON data. Here's a snippet of my code: jQuery.ajax({ dataType: "json", success: function (json) { jQuery.each(json, function () { alert(this["columnName"]); }); } }); I get no errors when parsing a non-empty JSON object. So my guess is that the problem is with my serializer. Question is: how do I format an empty JSON object which jQuery won't consider malformed? This is what I've tried so far, with no success: {[]} {[null]} {} {null} {"rows": []} {"rows": null} {"rows": {}} UPDATE: I can understand that I've been somewhat vague--let me try and clarify: Parsing of the JSON object is not the issue here--JQuery is - I think. jQuery throws a parse-error (invokes the error function). It seems like jQuery's internal JSON validation is not accepting any of the before mentioned objects. Not even the valid ones. Output of the error function is: XMLHttpRequest: XMLHttpRequest readyState=4 status=200 textStatus: parsererror errorThrown: undefined This goes for all of the before mentioned objects.

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• Strategies for when to use properties and when to use internal variables on internal classes?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  In almost all of my classes, I have a mixture of properties and internal class variables. I have always chosen one or the other by the rule "property if you need it externally, class variable if not". But there are many other issues which make me rethink this often, e.g.: at some point I want to use an internal variable from outside the class, so I have to refactor it into a property which makes me wonder why I don't just make all my internal variables properties in case I have to access them externally anyway, since most classes are internal classes anyway it aren't exposed on an API so it doesn't really matter if the internal variables are accessible from outside the class or not but then since C# doesn't allow you to instantiate e.g. List<string> property in the definition, then these properties have to be initialized in every possible constructor, so these variables I would rather have internal variables just to keep things cleaner in that they are all initialized in one place C# code reads more cleanly if constructor/method parameters are camel case and you assign them to pascal case properties instead of the ambiguity of seeing "templateIdCode" and having to look around to see if it is a local variable, method parameter or internal class variable, e.g. it is easier when you see "TemplateIdCode = templateIdCode" that this is a parameter being assigned to a class property. This would be an argument for always using only properties on internal classes. e.g.: public class TextFile { private string templateIdCode; private string absoluteTemplatePathAndFileName; private string absoluteOutputDirectory; private List<string> listItems = new List<string>(); public string Content { get; set; } public List<string> ReportItems { get; set; } public TextFile(string templateIdCode) { this.templateIdCode = templateIdCode; ReportItems = new List<string>(); Initialize(); } ... When creating internal (non-API) classes, what are your strategies in deciding if you should create an internal class variable or a property?

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• Reversible numerical calculations in Prolog

  - by user8472

  While reading SICP I came across logic programming chapter 4.4. Then I started looking into the Prolog programming language and tried to understand some simple assignments in Prolog. I found that Prolog seems to have troubles with numerical calculations. Here is the computation of a factorial in standard Prolog: f(0, 1). f(A, B) :- A > 0, C is A-1, f(C, D), B is A*D. The issues I find is that I need to introduce two auxiliary variables (C and D), a new syntax (is) and that the problem is non-reversible (i.e., f(5,X) works as expected, but f(X,120) does not). Naively, I expect that at the very least C is A-1, f(C, D) above may be replaced by f(A-1,D), but even that does not work. My question is: Why do I need to do this extra "stuff" in numerical calculations but not in other queries? I do understand (and SICP is quite clear about it) that in general information on "what to do" is insufficient to answer the question of "how to do it". So the declarative knowledge in (at least some) math problems is insufficient to actually solve these problems. But that begs the next question: How does this extra "stuff" in Prolog help me to restrict the formulation to just those problems where "what to do" is sufficient to answer "how to do it"?

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• In a class with no virtual methods or superclass, is it safe to assume (address of first member vari

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  Hi all, I made a private API that assumes that the address of the first member-object in the class will be the same as the class's this-pointer... that way the member-object can trivially derive a pointer to the object that it is a member of, without having to store a pointer explicitly. Given that I am willing to make sure that the container class won't inherit from any superclass, won't have any virtual methods, and that the member-object that does this trick will be the first member object declared, will that assumption hold valid for any C++ compiler, or do I need to use the offsetof() operator (or similar) to guarantee correctness? To put it another way, the code below does what I expect under g++, but will it work everywhere? class MyContainer { public: MyContainer() {} ~MyContainer() {} // non-virtual dtor private: class MyContained { public: MyContained() {} ~MyContained() {} // Given that the only place Contained objects are declared is m_contained // (below), will this work as expected on any C++ compiler? MyContainer * GetPointerToMyContainer() { return reinterpret_cast<MyContainer *>(this); } }; MyContained m_contained; // MUST BE FIRST MEMBER ITEM DECLARED IN MyContainer int m_foo; // other member items may be declared after m_contained float m_bar; };

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• Syntax for documenting JSON structure

  - by Roman A. Taycher

  So I'm trying to document the format of the json returned by an api I am writing against and I'd like to know if there is any popular format for the documentation of json structure. Note I'm not trying to to test or validate anything, I'm just using this for documentation. Also some ways to add comments to non-constants(items always returned w/ the same value) would be nice. This the not totally thought out scheme I'm currently using: Plain names refer to identifiers or types. Some types have type-comment Strings that appear to be constant(always returned for that type of request) strings are "str" Constant Numbers would be just the number Constant null is null Booleans are true/false for constant booleans or Boolean otherwise [a,b,c] are lists with 3 items a,b,c [... ...] is a list of repeating elements of some types/constants/patterns {a:A,b:B,c:c} and {... ...} is the same for a dictionary. example: story := [header,footer] header := {"data":realHeader,"kind":"Listing"} realHeader := {"after": null, "before": null, "children": [{"data": realRealHeader, "kind": "t3"}], "modhash": ""} footer := {"data":AlmostComments,"kind":"Listing"} AlmostComments := {"data": {"after": null, "before": null, "children": comments, "modhash": ""}, "kind": "t1"} comments := [...{"data":comment, "kind":"t1"}...] realRealHeader := {"author": string, "clicked": boolean, "created": int, "created_utc": int, "domain": "code.reddit.com", "downs": int, "hidden": boolean, "id": string-id, "is_self": boolean, "levenshtein": null, "likes": null, "media": null, "media_embed": { }, "name": string-id, "num_comments": int, "over_18": false, "permalink": string-urlLinkToStoryStartingFrom/r, "saved": false, "score": int, "selftext": string, "selftext_html": string-html, "subreddit": string-subredditname, "subreddit_id": string-id, "thumbnail": "", "title": string, "ups": int, "url": "http://code.reddit.com/" } comments := { "author": string, "body": string-body_html-wout-html, "body_html": string-html-formated, "created": int, "created_utc": int, "downs": int, "id": string-id, "levenshtein": null, "likes": null, "link_id": string-id, "name": string-id", "parent_id": string-id, "replies": AlmostComments or null, "subreddit": string-subredditname, "subreddit_id": string-id, "ups": int }

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• Moving to an arbitrary position in a file in Python

  - by B Rivera

  Let's say that I routinely have to work with files with an unknown, but large, number of lines. Each line contains a set of integers (space, comma, semicolon, or some non-numeric character is the delimiter) in the closed interval [0, R], where R can be arbitrarily large. The number of integers on each line can be variable. Often times I get the same number of integers on each line, but occasionally I have lines with unequal sets of numbers. Suppose I want to go to Nth line in the file and retrieve the Kth number on that line (and assume that the inputs N and K are valid --- that is, I am not worried about bad inputs). How do I go about doing this efficiently in Python 3.1.2 for Windows? I do not want to traverse the file line by line. I tried using mmap, but while poking around here on SO, I learned that that's probably not the best solution on a 32-bit build because of the 4GB limit. And in truth, I couldn't really figure out how to simply move N lines away from my current position. If I can at least just "jump" to the Nth line then I can use .split() and grab the Kth integer that way. The nuance here is that I don't just need to grab one line from the file. I will need to grab several lines: they are not necessarily all near each other, the order in which I get them matters, and the order is not always based on some deterministic function. Any ideas? I hope this is enough information. Thanks!

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• Can the Subversion client (svn) derefence symbolic links as if they were files?

  - by Ryan B. Lynch

  I have a directory on a Linux system that mostly contains symlinks to files on a different filesystem. I'd like to add the directory to a Subversion repository, dereferencing the symlinks in the process (treating them as the files they point to, rather than links). Generally, I'd like to be able to handle any working-copy operations with this behavior, but the 'svn add' command is where it starts, I think. The SVN client utility doesn't appear to have any options related to symlink dereferencing in the working copy. I didn't find any references to this in the manual (http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/index.html), either. I found a poster on the SVN users mailing list who asked the same question but never received an answer, here: http://markmail.org/message/ngchfnzlmm43yj7h (That poster ended up using hard links instead of symlinks. That technique is not an option, in my case, because the real underlying files reside on a separate filesystem.) I'm using Subversion v1.6.1 on Fedora 11. For what it's worth, I know that there are alternative tools/techniques that could help approximate this behavior, but which I have to discard for various reasons. I've already considered [and dust-binned] these possibilities: - a "union" mount, merging all of the the directories containing the real files, with the SVN working-copy directory as the "top" layer in the union; - copying/moving the real files to the same filesystem as the SVN working-copy, and using hardlinks instead of symlinks; - non-SVN version control systems. These were all neat ideas, and I'm sure they are good solutions to other problems, but they won't work given the constraints of this environment and situation.

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• Recursive Iterators

  - by soandos

  I am having some trouble making an iterator that can traverse the following type of data structure. I have a class called Expression, which has one data member, a List<object>. This list can have any number of children, and some of those children might be other Expression objects. I want to traverse this structure, and print out every non-list object (but I do want to print out the elements of the list of course), but before entering a list, I want to return "begin nest" and after I just exited a list, I want to return "end nest". I was able to do this if I ignored the class wherever possible, and just had List<object> objects with List<object> items if I wanted a subExpression, but I would rather do away with this, and instead have an Expressions as the sublists (it would make it easier to do operations on the object. I am aware that I could use extension methods on the List<object> but it would not be appropriate (who wants an Evaluate method on their list that takes no arguments?). The code that I used to generate the origonal iterator (that works) is: public IEnumerator GetEnumerator(){ return theIterator(expr).GetEnumerator(); } private IEnumerable theIterator(object root) { if ((root is List<object>)){ yield return " begin nest "; foreach (var item in (List<object>)root){ foreach (var item2 in theIterator(item)){ yield return item2; } } yield return " end nest "; } else yield return root; } A type swap of List<object> for expression did not work, and lead to a stackOverflow error. How should the iterator be implemented? Update: Here is the swapped code: public IEnumerator GetEnumerator() { return this.GetEnumerator(); } private IEnumerable theIterator(object root) { if ((root is Expression)) { yield return " begin nest "; foreach (var item in (Expression)root) { foreach (var item2 in theIterator(item)) yield return item2; } yield return " end nest "; } else yield return root; }

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• Inheritance inside a template - public members become invisible?

  - by Juliano

  I'm trying to use inheritance among classes defined inside a class template (inner classes). However, the compiler (GCC) is refusing to give me access to public members in the base class. Example code: template <int D> struct Space { struct Plane { Plane(Space& b); virtual int& at(int y, int z) = 0; Space& space; /* <= this member is public */ }; struct PlaneX: public Plane { /* using Plane::space; */ PlaneX(Space& b, int x); int& at(int y, int z); const int cx; }; int& at(int x, int y, int z); }; template <int D> int& Space<D>::PlaneX::at(int y, int z) { return space.at(cx, y, z); /* <= but it fails here */ }; Space<4> sp4; The compiler says: file.cpp: In member function ‘int& Space::PlaneX::at(int, int)’: file.cpp:21: error: ‘space’ was not declared in this scope If using Plane::space; is added to the definition of class PlaneX, or if the base class member is accessed through the this pointer, or if class Space is changed to a non-template class, then the compiler is fine with it. I don't know if this is either some obscure restriction of C++, or a bug in GCC (GCC versions 4.4.1 and 4.4.3 tested). Does anyone have an idea?

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• Can't iterate over a list class in Python

  - by Vicky

  I'm trying to write a simple GUI front end for Plurk using pyplurk. I have successfully got it to create the API connection, log in, and retrieve and display a list of friends. Now I'm trying to retrieve and display a list of Plurks. pyplurk provides a GetNewPlurks function as follows: def GetNewPlurks(self, since): '''Get new plurks since the specified time. Args: since: [datetime.datetime] the timestamp criterion. Returns: A PlurkPostList object or None. ''' offset = jsonizer.conv_datetime(since) status_code, result = self._CallAPI('/Polling/getPlurks', offset=offset) return None if status_code != 200 else \ PlurkPostList(result['plurks'], result['plurk_users'].values()) As you can see this returns a PlurkPostList, which in turn is defined as follows: class PlurkPostList: '''A list of plurks and the set of users that posted them.''' def __init__(self, plurk_json_list, user_json_list=[]): self._plurks = [PlurkPost(p) for p in plurk_json_list] self._users = [PlurkUser(u) for u in user_json_list] def __iter__(self): return self._plurks def GetUsers(self): return self._users def __eq__(self, other): if other.__class__ != PlurkPostList: return False if self._plurks != other._plurks: return False if self._users != other._users: return False return True Now I expected to be able to do something like this: api = plurk_api_urllib2.PlurkAPI(open('api.key').read().strip(), debug_level=1) plurkproxy = PlurkProxy(api, json.loads) user = plurkproxy.Login('my_user', 'my_pass') ps = plurkproxy.GetNewPlurks(datetime.datetime(2009, 12, 12, 0, 0, 0)) print ps for p in ps: print str(p) When I run this, what I actually get is: <plurk.PlurkPostList instance at 0x01E8D738> from the "print ps", then: for p in ps: TypeError: __iter__ returned non-iterator of type 'list' I don't understand - surely a list is iterable? Where am I going wrong - how do I access the Plurks in the PlurkPostList?

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• I have a problem with mysql and php

  - by neo skosana

  Hi I have a problem, this is my code: $db = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "", "blah"); $result1 = $db-query("select * from c_register where email = '$eml' and password = '$pass'"); if($result1-fetch_array()) { $auth->createSession(); $_SESSION['user'] = 'client'; promptUser("You have successfully logged in!!!","index.php"); } $db = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "", "blah"); $result2 = $db-query("select * from b_register where email = '$eml' and password = '$pass'"); if($result2-fetch_array()) { $auth->createSession(); $_SESSION['user'] = 'business'; promptUser("You have successfully logged in!!!","index.php"); } $db = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "", "blah"); $result3 = $db-query("select * from g_register where email = '$eml' and password = '$pass'"); if($result3-fetch_array()) { $auth->createSession(); $_SESSION['user'] = 'employee'; promptUser("You have successfully logged in!!!","index.php"); } $db = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "", "blah"); $result4 = $db-query("select * from k_register where email = '$eml' and password = '$pass'"); if($result4-fetch_array()) { $auth->createSession(); $_SESSION['user'] = 'super'; promptUser("You have successfully logged in!!!","index.php"); } else { promptUser("Username/Password do not match. Please try again!!!",""); } Funny enough this code works, but I no that I went about it the wrong way. I am new with php and mysql, so please help. I also tried e.gresult4->free(); for all the variable that save the data, and I got this error: Fatal error: Call to a member function free() on a non-object in...

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• CMS for managing plain-text content, with tagging

  - by user575606

  Hi, We have some quite-specific requirements for our app that a CMS may help us with, and were hoping that someone may know of a CMS that matches these requirements (it's quite a laborous task to download each CMS and verify this manually). We want a CMS to allow users to create and manage articles, but storing the articles in plain-text only. All of the CMSs that we have looked at so far are geared towards creating HTML pages. We want the CMS to manage workflow (approval process), and tracking of history. The requirements for plain text only is that the intent is to allow business people to generate content which we are going to display in our Silverlight application - we don't want to go down the route of hosting and displaying arbitrary HTML in the app as we want the styling to be seamless with our app, amongst other reasons. We would also want to allow the user to be able to link between articles, but not to external sites (i.e. HTML with no formatting, or some other way of specifying article links), and the third requirement is the ability to tag articles and search on articles. Does anyone know of any non-HTML targetted CMS systems that may match these requirements? Thanks, Gary

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• CSS Clearing Floats

  - by Frank

  I'm making more of an effort to separate my html structure from presentation, but sometimes when I look at the complexity of the hacks or workarounds to make things work cross-browser, I'm amazed at huge collective waste of productive hours that are put into this. As I understand it, floats were never created for creating layouts, but because many layouts need a footer, that's how they're often being used. To clear the floats, you can add an empty div that clears both sides (div class="clear"). That is simple and works cross browser, but it adds "non-semantic" html rather than solving the presentation problem within the CSS. I realize this, but after looking at all of the solutions with their benefits and drawbacks, it seems to make more sense to go with the empty div (predictable behavior across browsers), rather than create separate stylesheets, including various css hacks and workarounds, etc. which would also need to change as CSS evolves. Is it o.k. to do this as long as you do understand what you're doing and why you're doing it? Or is it better to find the CSS workarounds, hacks and separate structure from presentation at all costs, even when the CSS presentation tools provided are not evolved to the point where they can handle such basic layout issues?

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