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  • Event system architecture for networking when performance is concerned

    - by Vandell
    How should I design a system for an action game (think in Golden Axe) where events can happen remotely? I'm using TCP for this because the client is in flash. There's so many options, I can make a binary protocol (I don't like this idea, I found it to be too hard to mantain) but I was also thinking that passing jsons through clients and server can be slow (Is that a exaggerated concern?). What about the internal architecture for the server? And for the client? I'm really lost, If it's a question that is too big, please indicate me some material so I can formulate a better question next time.

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  • Team Leaders & Authors - Manage and Report Workflow using "Print an Outline" in UPK

    - by [email protected]
    Did you know you can "print an outline?" You can print any outline or portion of an outline. Why might you want to "print an outline" in UPK... Have you ever wondered how many topics you have recorded, how many of your topics are ready for review, or even better, how many topics are complete! Do you need to report your project status to management? Maybe you just like to have a copy of your outline to refer to during development. Included in this output is the outline structure as well as the layout defined in the Details View of the Outline Editor. To print an outline, you must open either a module or section in the Outline Editor. A set of default data columns is automatically included in the output; however, you can configure which columns you want to appear in the report by switching to the Details view and customizing the columns. (To learn more about customizing your columns refer to the Add and Remove Columns section of the Content Development.pdf guide) To print an outline from the Outline Editor: 1. Open a module or section document in the Outline Editor. 2. Expand the documents to display the details that you want included in the report. 3. On the File menu, choose Print and use the toolbar icons to print, view, or save the report to a file. Personally, I opt to save my outline in Microsoft Excel. Using the delivered features of Microsoft Excel you can add columns of information, such as development notes, to your outline or you can graph and chart your Project status. As mentioned above you can configure what columns you want to appear in the outline. When utilizing the Print an Outline feature in conjunction with the Managing Workflow features of the UPK Multi-user instance you as a Team Lead or Author can better report project status. Read more about Managing Workflow below. Managing Workflow: The Properties toolpane contains special properties that allow authors to track document status or State as well as assign Document Ownership. Assign Content State The State property is an editable property for communicating the status of a document. This is particularly helpful when collaborating with other authors in a development team. Authors can assign a state to documents from the master list defined by the administrator. The default list of States includes (blank), Not Started, Draft, In Review, and Final. Administrators can customize the list by adding, deleting or renaming the values. To assign a State value to a document: 1. Make sure you are working online. 2. Display the Properties toolpane. 3. Select the document(s) to which you want to assign a state. Note: You can select multiple documents using the standard Windows selection keys (CTRL+click and SHIFT+click). 4. In the Workflow category, click in the State cell. 5. Select a value from the list. Assign Document Ownership In many enterprises, multiple authors often work together developing content in a team environment. Team leaders typically handle large projects by assigning specific development responsibilities to authors. The Owner property allows team leaders and authors to assign documents to themselves and other authors to track who is responsible for a specific document. You view and change document assignments for a document using the Owner property in the Properties toolpane. To assign a document owner: 1. Make sure you are working online. 2. On the View menu, choose Properties. 3. Select the document(s) to which you want to assign document responsibility. Note: You can select multiple documents using the standard Windows selection keys (CTRL+click and SHIFT+click). 4. In the Workflow category, click in the Owner cell. 5. Select a name from the list. Is anyone out there already using this feature? Share your ideas with the group. Those of you new to this feature, give it a test drive and let us know what you think. - Kathryn Lustenberger, Oracle UPK & Tutor Outbound Product Management

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  • Hello With Oracle Identity Manager Architecture

    - by mustafakaya
    Hi, my name is Mustafa! I'm a Senior Consultant in Fusion Middleware Team and living in Istanbul,Turkey. I worked many various Java based software development projects such as end-to-end web applications, CRM , Telco VAS and integration projects.I want to share my experiences and research about Fusion Middleware Products in this column. Customer always wants best solution from software consultants or developers. Solution will be a code snippet or change complete architecture. We faced different requests according to the case of customer. In my posts i want to discuss Fusion Middleware Products Architecture or how can extend usability with apis or UI customization and more and I look forward to engaging with you on your experiences and thoughts on this.  In my first post, i will be discussing Oracle Identity Manager architecture  and i plan to discuss Oracle Identity Manager 11g features in next posts. Oracle Identity Manager System Architecture Oracle Identity Governance includes Oracle Identity Manager,Oracle Identity Analytics and Oracle Privileged Account Manager. I will discuss Oracle Identity Manager architecture in this post.  In basically, Oracle Identity Manager is a n-tier standard  Java EE application that is deployed on Oracle WebLogic Server and uses  a database .  Oracle Identity Manager presentation tier has three different screen and two different client. Identity Self Service and Identity System Administration are web-based thin client. Design Console is a Java Swing Client that communicates directly with the Business Service Tier.  Identity Self Service provides end-user operations and delegated administration features. System Administration provides system administration functions. And Design Console mostly use for development management operations such as  create and manage adapter and process form,notification , workflow desing, reconciliation rules etc. Business service tier is implemented as an Enterprise JavaBeans(EJB) application. So you can extense Oracle Identity Manager capabilities.  -The SMPL and EJB APIs allow develop custom plug-ins such as management roles or identities.  -Identity Services allow use core business capabilites of Oracle Identity Manager such as The User provisioning or reconciliation service. -Integration Services allow develop custom connectors or adapters for various deployment needs. -Platform Services allow use Entitlement Servers, Scheduler or SOA composites. The Middleware tier allows you using capabilites ADF Faces,SOA Suites, Scheduler, Entitlement Server and BI Publisher Reports. So OIM allows you to configure workflows uses Oracle SOA Suite or define authorization policies use with Oracle Entitlement Server. Also you can customization of OIM UI without need to write code and using ADF Business Editor  you can extend custom attributes to user,role,catalog and other objects. Data tiers; Oracle Identity Manager is driven by data and metadata which provides flexibility and adaptability to Oracle Identity Manager functionlities.  -Database has five schemas these are OIM,SOA,MDS,OPSS and OES. Oracle Identity Manager uses database to store runtime and configuration data. And all of entity, transactional and audit datas are stored in database. -Metadata Store; customizations and personalizations are stored in file-based repository or database-based repository.And Oracle Identity Manager architecture,the metadata is in Oracle Identity Manager database to take advantage of some of the advanced performance and availability features that this mode provides. -Identity Store; Oracle Identity Manager provides the ability to integrate an LDAP-based identity store into Oracle Identity Manager architecture.  Oracle Identity Manager uses the human workflow module of Oracle Service Oriented Architecture Suite. OIM connects to SOA using the T3 URL which is front-end URL for the SOA server.Oracle Identity Manager uses embedded Oracle Entitlement Server for authorization checks in OIM engine.  Several Oracle Identity Manager modules use JMS queues. Each queue is processed by a separate Message Driven Bean (MDB), which is also part of the Oracle Identity Manager application. Message producers are also part of the Oracle Identity Manager application. Oracle Identity Manager uses a scheduled jobs for some activities in the background.Some of scheduled jobs come with Out-Of-Box such as the disable users after the end date of the users or you can define your custom schedule jobs with Oracle Identity Manager APIs. You can use Oracle BI Publisher for reporting Oracle Identity Manager transactions or audit data which are in database. About me: Mustafa Kaya is a Senior Consultant in Oracle Fusion Middleware Team, living in Istanbul. Before coming to Oracle, he worked in teams developing web applications and backend services at a telco company. He is a Java technology enthusiast, software engineer and addicted to learn new technologies,develop new ideas. Follow Mustafa on Twitter,Connect on LinkedIn, and visit his site for Oracle Fusion Middleware related tips.

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  • The first Oracle Solaris 11 book is now available

    - by user12608550
    The first Oracle Solaris 11 book is now available: Oracle Solaris 11 System Administration - The Complete Reference by Michael Jang, Harry Foxwell, Christine Tran, and Alan Formy-Duval The book covers the Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 release; although the next OS release will be available soon, the book covers major topics and features that are not expected to change significantly. The target audience is broad, and includes Solaris admins, Linux admins and developers, and even those somewhat unfamiliar with UNIX. The coauthors include practitioners and developers from outside of Oracle, emphasizing their field experience using Solaris 11. The book complements the extensive Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library, and covers the main system administration topics of installation, configuration, and management. More Oracle Solaris 11 info here

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  • Ways to use your skills as a developer to give back to the community/charities.

    - by Ryan Hayes
    Recently I came upon a community event called GiveCamp. GiveCamp is a weekend-long event where technology professionals from designers, developers and database administrators to marketers and web strategists donate their time to provide solutions for non-profit organizations. Since its inception in 2007, the GiveCamp program has provided benefits to over 150 charities, with a value of developer and designer time exceeding $1,000,000 in services! Coming from a very rural part of the country where there is a huge opportunity for charity events like this, it got me wondering. Are there other large movements like GiveCamp that are out there? GiveCamp is sponsored by Microsoft, so of course most are run through .NET user groups. Are there other flavors of it? Different types? Java/Python/other open source charity movements? If not, how do you give back?

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  • Design Pattern for Social Game Mission Mechanics

    - by Furkan ÇALISKAN
    When we want to design a mission sub-system like in the The Ville or Sims Social, what kind of design pattern / idea would fit the best? There may be relation between missions (first do this then this etc...) or not. What do you think sims social or the ville or any other social games is using for this? I'm looking for a best-practise method to contruct a mission framework for tha game. How the well-known game firms do this stuff for their large scale social facebook games? Giving missions to the players and wait players to complete them. when they finished the missions, providing a method to catch this mission complete events considering large user database by not using server-side not so much to prevent high-traffic / resource consumption. how should i design the database and server-client communication to achive this design condidering this trade-off.

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  • Google I/O 2010 - Google Wave API design principles

    Google I/O 2010 - Google Wave API design principles Google I/O 2010 - Google Wave API design principles + anatomy of a great extension Wave 201 Pamela Fox, Michael Goderbauer (Hasso Plattner Institute) Google Wave is all about collaboration. The most successful extensions are user-friendly and collaborative. Wave robots should be as intuitive to communicate with as a human, and play well with other robots; Wave gadgets should extend the metaphors of the textual collaboration into the visual. In this talk, we'll discuss the design and privacy principles you should consider while building extensions, and show examples of extensions that demonstrate these principles. For all I/O 2010 sessions, please go to code.google.com/events/io/2010/sessions.html From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 6 0 ratings Time: 01:01:54 More in Science & Technology

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  • Forrester- The Right Customer Experience Strategy

    - by Divya Malik
    I am blogging from a warm, sunny NYC today. We are here, sponsoring and attending Forrester's Customer Experience Forum 2011. Customer Experience Management has been a key area of focus for us in CRM. Our VP of CRM and eCommerce Product Marketing Kirk Mosher will be the first presenter of the Day (Tuesday morning at 7.30 am) with a breakfast session titled "Winning With A Superior Cross-Channel Customer Experience" . We are also showcasing some exciting new demos across our CRM and Commerce product lines in the areas of Integrated Sales and Marketing, Multi-Channel Commerce and Integrated Outlook and Mobile solutions on the demo floor. For those of you who are attending, do stop by, and see the latest in CRM innovations from Oracle, and talk to some experienced sales consultants. You can find more information about Oracle's CRM solutions here.  

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  • Adding UCM as a search source in Windows Explorer

    - by kyle.hatlestad
    A customer recently pointed out to me that Windows 7 supports federated search within Windows Explorer. This means you can perform searches to external sources such as Google, Flickr, YouTube, etc right from within Explorer. While we do have the Desktop Integration Suite which offers searching within Explorer, I thought it would be interesting to look into this method which would not require any client software to implement. Basically, federated searching hooks up in Windows Explorer through the OpenSearch protocol. A Search Connector Descriptor file is run and it installs the search provider. The file is a .osdx file which is an OpenSearch Description document. It describes the search provider you are hooking up to along with the URL for the query. If those results can come back as an RSS or ATOM feed, then you're all set. So the first step is to install the RSS Feeds component from the UCM Samples page on OTN. If you're on 11g, I've found the RSS Feeds works just fine on that version too. Next, you want to perform a Quick Search with a particular search term and then copy the RSS link address for that search result. Here is what an example URL might looks like: http://server:16200/cs/idcplg?IdcService=GET_SCS_FEED&feedName=search_results&QueryText=%28+%3cqsch%3eoracle%3c%2fqsch %3e+%29&SortField=dInDate&SortOrder=Desc&ResultCount=20&SearchQueryFormat= Universal&SearchProviders=server& Now you want to create a new text file and start out with this information: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><OpenSearchDescription xmlns:ms-ose="http://schemas.microsoft.com/opensearchext/2009/"> <ShortName></ShortName> <Description></Description> <Url type="application/rss+xml" template=""/> <Url type="text/html" template=""/> </OpenSearchDescription> Enter a ShortName and Description. The ShortName will be the value used when displaying the search provider in Explorer. In the template attribute for the first Url element, enter the URL copied previously. You will then need to convert the ampersand symbols to '&' to make them XML compliant. Finally, you'll want to switch out the search term with '{searchTerms}'. For the second Url element, you can do the same thing except you want to copy the UCM search results URL from the page of results. That URL will look something like: http://server:16200/cs/idcplg?IdcService=GET_SEARCH_RESULTS&SortField=dInDate&SortOrder=Desc&ResultCount=20&QueryText=%3Cqsch%3Eoracle%3C%2Fqsch%3E&listTemplateId= &ftx=1&SearchQueryFormat=Universal&TargetedQuickSearchSelection= &MiniSearchText=oracle Again, convert the ampersand symbols and replace the search term with '{searchTerms}'. When complete, save the file with the .osdx extension. The completed file should look like: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <OpenSearchDescription xmlns="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/" xmlns:ms-ose="http://schemas.microsoft.com/opensearchext/2009/"> <ShortName>Universal Content Management</ShortName> <Description>OpenSearch for UCM via Windows 7 Search Federation.</Description> <Url type="application/rss+xml" template="http://server:16200/cs/idcplg?IdcService=GET_SCS_FEED&amp;feedName=search_results&amp;QueryText=%28+%3Cqsch%3E{searchTerms}%3C%2fqsch%3E+%29&amp;SortField=dInDate&amp;SortOrder=Desc&amp;ResultCount=200&amp;SearchQueryFormat=Universal"/> <Url type="text/html" template="http://server:16200/cs/idcplg?IdcService=GET_SEARCH_RESULTS&amp;SortField=dInDate&amp;SortOrder=Desc&amp;ResultCount=20&amp;QueryText=%3Cqsch%3E{searchTerms}%3C%2Fqsch%3E&amp;listTemplateId=&amp;ftx=1&amp;SearchQueryFormat=Universal&amp;TargetedQuickSearchSelection=&amp;MiniSearchText={searchTerms}"/> </OpenSearchDescription> After you save the file, simply double-click it to create the provider. It will ask if you want to add the search connector to Windows. Click Add and it will add it to the Searches folder in your user folder as well as your Favorites. Now just click on the search icon and in the upper right search box, enter your term. As you are typing, it begins executing searches and the results will come back in Explorer. Now when you double-click on an item, it will try and download the web viewable for viewing. You also have the ability to save the search, just as you would in UCM. And there is a link to Search On Website which will launch your browser and go directly to the search results page there. And with some tweaks to the RSS component, you can make the results a bit more interesting. It supports the Media RSS standard, so you can pass along the thumbnail of the documents in the results. To enable this, edit the rss_resources.htm file in the RSS Feeds component. In the std_rss_feed_begin resource include, add the namespace 'xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' to the rss definition: <rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/"> Next, in the rss_channel_item_with_thumb include, below the closing image element, add this element: </images> <media:thumbnail url="<$if strIndexOf(thumbnailUrl, "@t") > 0 or strIndexOf(thumbnailUrl, "@g") > 0 or strIndexOf(thumbnailUrl, "@p") > 0$><$rssHttpHost$><$thumbnailUrl$><$elseif dGif$><$HttpWebRoot$>images/docgifs/<$dGif$><$endif$>" /> <description> This and lots of other tweaks can be done to the RSS component to help extend it for optimum use in Explorer. Hopefully this can get you started. *Note: This post also applies to Universal Records Management (URM).

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  • Introduction to WebCenter Personalization Server

    - by cindy.mcmullen(at)oracle.com
    IntroductionThe next release of Oracle WebCenter will include a new product:  the Personalization Server, developed by team members of Boulder Labs.  This team is comprised largely of the previous WebLogic Portal group, with several members having nearly 10 years' experience in personalization technologies.Customization is not PersonalizationCustomization is more of a static application behavior, such as retrieving and applying user preferences.  Personalization, on the other hand, delivers dynamic content based on run-time knowledge of the user.  It uses technology to accommodate the differences between individuals, producing the "a-ha!" experience.    WebCenter Personalization Server (WCPS) is able to integrate with and leverage many systems (property service, content management, user profile information, a recommendation service) to bring together a uniquely personalized user experience.Stay TunedUpcoming posts will discuss WCPS architecture, the Property Service, and the configuration and invocation of the OOTB "providers" such as CMIS, Activity Graph, and People Connections.    

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  • I Start!

    - by andyleonard
    I originally titled this post "I Quit!" but decided that doesn't set the proper tone and definitely does not match my feelings about the upcoming transitions in my life. "I Start!" is much more appropriate! Introduction I've tendered my resignation from the position of Manager, ETL Team, Data Management Group, Molina Medicaid Solutions effective Friday 14 Jan 2011. "There I Was..." In 2008 my consultant billable-days - the metric I use to determine how business is going - dropped from 20 / month...(read more)

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  • rsyslog channels change ownership from root

    - by Paul Whelan
    Hello all I am using rsyslog on ubuntu 10.4 64bit LTS. the following is the relevant config in /etc/rsyslog.d/60-mylogger.conf $template Paul,"%msg%\n" $outchannel log_rotation_paul,/var/log/paul/events.log,2000,/opt/scripts/log_rotation_script.sh local0.* $log_rotation_paul;Paul This should rotate every 2000 bytes My problem is the the channel directive here causes the ownership defined in /etc/rsyslog.conf to be completely ignored and when my log rotate script is called I don't have the root permissions required to move my log file as its the script runs as rsyslog and the file I am moving requires root permissions. Any ideas I found this link but unfortunately it does not fix my issue.

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  • "What Happens in Vegas…" - Oracle to Present at Gartner AADI Conference

    - by Bruce Tierney
    “What Happens in Vegas, Stays in Vegas”…with the exception of insights to help you jumpstart your cloud integration and mobile enablement including these three highlights from the upcoming Oracle session “Simplifying Integration - The Cloud and Mobile Prerequisite”: How To Simplify Complex Application Infrastructures – Strategies for how to simplify while expanding on-premise to integrate with SaaS applications, Oracle Cloud, and mobile enablement. Presented by Tim Hall, Oracle’s Senior Director of Product Management Customer Case Study On Cloud Integration And Mobile App Enablement – Hear BMC present tips on how they used Oracle SOA Suite to integrate with Salesforce, Eloqua, WebEx, and more than 10 other SaaS applications. Also covered will be their smartphone and tablet enablement implementation. Oracle’s Integration Solution – A brief overview of how Oracle’s core integration products provide a unified approach to the many components of integration and mobile enablement. Image: BMC's Cloud Integration using Oracle SOA Suite Stop by the Oracle booth to chat with us and join the Oracle Session on Wed. Nov 28th at 9:45 a.m. For more information about Gartner Application Architecture, Development & Integration (AADI) conference at Caesar’s Palace November 27-29 2012, see this link

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  • Last chance to enter! Exceptional DBA Awards 2011

    - by Rebecca Amos
    Only 1 day left to enter the Exceptional DBA Awards! Get started on your entry today, and you could be heading to Seattle for the PASS Summit in October. All you need to do is visit the Exceptional DBA website and answer a few questions about: Your career and achievements as a SQL Server DBAAny mistakes you've made along the way (and how you tackled them)Activities you're involved in within the SQL Server community – for example writing, blogging, contributing to forums, speaking at events, or organising user groupsWhy you think you should be the Exceptional DBA of 2011 As well as the respect and recognition of your peers – and a great boost to your CV – you could win full conference registration to this year's PASS Summit in Seattle (including accommodation and $300 towards travel expenses) – where the award will be presented, as well as a copy of Red Gate's SQL DBA Bundle, and a chance to be featured here, on Simple-Talk.com. So why not give it a shot? Start your entry now at www.exceptionaldba.com (nominations close on 30 June).

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  • MSDN Simulcast Event: Take Your Applications Sky-High with Cloud Computing and the Windows Azure Pla

    Join your local MSDN Events team as we take a deep dive into Microsoft Windows Azure. We'll start with a developer-focused overview of this brave new platform and the cloud computing services that can be used to build amazing applications. As the day unfolds, we'll explore data storage, Microsoft SQL Azure, and the basics of deployment with Windows Azure....Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • Google Developers

    Google Developers We wouldn't be where we are at Google without you, the developer community. We are working to support you better by bringing together all developer resources, programs, events, tools, and community into one place, developers.google.com. As part of this project, we're introducing a new identity, complete with a new look, to unify all of our developer offerings.Our new logo says Google Developers, and that's intentional: it reflects our focus on you, not just the tools we provide. We hope you like it. From: GoogleDevelopers Views: 27334 384 ratings Time: 01:15 More in Science & Technology

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  • Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center 12c is now available for download at Oracle technology Network

    - by Anand Akela
    Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center 12c is available now for download at Oracle Technology Network (OTN ) . Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center web page at Oracle Technology Network Join Oracle Launch Webcast : Total Cloud Control for Systems on April 12th at 9 AM PST to learn more about  Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center 12c from Oracle Senior Vice President John Fowler, Oracle Vice President of Systems Management Steve Wilson and a panel of Oracle executive. Stay connected with  Oracle Enterprise Manager   :  Twitter | Facebook | YouTube | Linkedin | Newsletter

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  • C# 4.0: Covariance And Contravariance In Generics

    - by Paulo Morgado
    C# 4.0 (and .NET 4.0) introduced covariance and contravariance to generic interfaces and delegates. But what is this variance thing? According to Wikipedia, in multilinear algebra and tensor analysis, covariance and contravariance describe how the quantitative description of certain geometrical or physical entities changes when passing from one coordinate system to another.(*) But what does this have to do with C# or .NET? In type theory, a the type T is greater (>) than type S if S is a subtype (derives from) T, which means that there is a quantitative description for types in a type hierarchy. So, how does covariance and contravariance apply to C# (and .NET) generic types? In C# (and .NET), variance applies to generic type parameters and not to the resulting generic type. A generic type parameter is: covariant if the ordering of the generic types follows the ordering of the generic type parameters: Generic<T> = Generic<S> for T = S. contravariant if the ordering of the generic types is reversed from the ordering of the generic type parameters: Generic<T> = Generic<S> for T = S. invariant if neither of the above apply. If this definition is applied to arrays, we can see that arrays have always been covariant because this is valid code: object[] objectArray = new string[] { "string 1", "string 2" }; objectArray[0] = "string 3"; objectArray[1] = new object(); However, when we try to run this code, the second assignment will throw an ArrayTypeMismatchException. Although the compiler was fooled into thinking this was valid code because an object is being assigned to an element of an array of object, at run time, there is always a type check to guarantee that the runtime type of the definition of the elements of the array is greater or equal to the instance being assigned to the element. In the above example, because the runtime type of the array is array of string, the first assignment of array elements is valid because string = string and the second is invalid because string = object. This leads to the conclusion that, although arrays have always been covariant, they are not safely covariant – code that compiles is not guaranteed to run without errors. In C#, the way to define that a generic type parameter as covariant is using the out generic modifier: public interface IEnumerable<out T> { IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator(); } public interface IEnumerator<out T> { T Current { get; } bool MoveNext(); } Notice the convenient use the pre-existing out keyword. Besides the benefit of not having to remember a new hypothetic covariant keyword, out is easier to remember because it defines that the generic type parameter can only appear in output positions — read-only properties and method return values. In a similar way, the way to define a type parameter as contravariant is using the in generic modifier: public interface IComparer<in T> { int Compare(T x, T y); } Once again, the use of the pre-existing in keyword makes it easier to remember that the generic type parameter can only be used in input positions — write-only properties and method non ref and non out parameters. Because covariance and contravariance apply only to the generic type parameters, a generic type definition can have both covariant and contravariant generic type parameters in its definition: public delegate TResult Func<in T, out TResult>(T arg); A generic type parameter that is not marked covariant (out) or contravariant (in) is invariant. All the types in the .NET Framework where variance could be applied to its generic type parameters have been modified to take advantage of this new feature. In summary, the rules for variance in C# (and .NET) are: Variance in type parameters are restricted to generic interface and generic delegate types. A generic interface or generic delegate type can have both covariant and contravariant type parameters. Variance applies only to reference types; if you specify a value type for a variant type parameter, that type parameter is invariant for the resulting constructed type. Variance does not apply to delegate combination. That is, given two delegates of types Action<Derived> and Action<Base>, you cannot combine the second delegate with the first although the result would be type safe. Variance allows the second delegate to be assigned to a variable of type Action<Derived>, but delegates can combine only if their types match exactly. If you want to learn more about variance in C# (and .NET), you can always read: Covariance and Contravariance in Generics — MSDN Library Exact rules for variance validity — Eric Lippert Events get a little overhaul in C# 4, Afterward: Effective Events — Chris Burrows Note: Because variance is a feature of .NET 4.0 and not only of C# 4.0, all this also applies to Visual Basic 10.

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  • AJI Report 14 &ndash; Brian Lagunas on XAML and Windows 8

    - by Jeff Julian
    We sat down with Brian at the Iowa Code Camp to talk about his sessions, WPF, Application Design, and what Infragistics has to offer developers. Infragistics is a huge supporter of regional events like Iowa Code Camp and we want to thank them for their support of the Midwest region. Brian is a sharp guy and it was great to meet him and learn more about what makes him tick. Brian Lagunas is an INETA Community Speaker, co-leader of the Boise .Net Developers User Group (NETDUG), and original author of the Extended WPF Toolkit. He is a multi-recipient of the Microsoft Community Contributor Award and can be found speaking at a variety of user groups and code camps around the nation. Brian currently works at Infragistics as a Product Manager for the award winning NetAdvantage for WPF and Silverlight components. Before geeking out, Brian served his country in the United States Army as an infantryman and later served his local community as a deputy sheriff.   Listen to the Show   Site: http://brianlagunas.com Twitter: @BrianLagunas

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  • Any recommended forum software for commercial/busniess discussion

    - by Nick
    I am looking to create a commercial or business trading discussion board. I plan to get a forum software to install to my hosting. My main concern is the security, as I need to ensure the discussion info is shared safely among the board members only, not lack to outsiders. Cost whether Free/Paid is fine with me. Feature: Account management, Theme of forum is customizable On my mind, I have phpBB, Simple machines, bbPress but I am not sure which will fill my need. Thus, please advise what forum software will be the best choice and recommended. Thank you

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  • Podcast interview with Michael Kane

    - by mhornick
    In this podcast interview with Michael Kane, Data Scientist and Associate Researcher at Yale University, Michael discusses the R statistical programming language, computational challenges associated with big data, and two projects involving data analysis he conducted on the stock market "flash crash" of May 6, 2010, and the tracking of transportation routes bird flu H5N1. Michael also worked with Oracle on Oracle R Enterprise, a component of the Advanced Analytics option to Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. In the closing segment of the interview, Michael comments on the relationship between the data analyst and the database administrator and how Oracle R Enterprise provides secure data management, transparent access to data, and improved performance to facilitate this relationship. Listen now...

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  • Data Warehouse Best Practices

    - by jean-pierre.dijcks
    In our quest to share our endless wisdom (ahem…) one of the things we figured might be handy is recording some of the best practices for data warehousing. And so we did. And, we did some more… We now have recreated our websites on Oracle Technology Network and have a separate page for best practices, parallelism and other cool topics related to data warehousing. But the main topic of this post is the set of recorded best practices. Here is what is available (and it is a series that ties together but can be read independently), applicable for almost any database version: Partitioning 3NF schema design for a data warehouse Star schema design Data Loading Parallel Execution Optimizer and Stats management The best practices page has a lot of other useful information so have a look here.

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  • Simplified INotifyPropertyChanged Implementation with WeakReference Support and Typed Property Acces

    - by Daniel Cazzulino
    I've grown a bit tired of implementing INotifyPropertyChanged. I've tried ways to improve it before (like this "ViewModel" custom tool which even generates strong-typed event accessors). But my fellow Clarius teammate Mariano thought it was overkill and didn't like that tool much. He mentioned an alternative approach also, which I didn't like too much because it relied on the consumer changing his typical interaction with the object events, but also because it has a substantial design flaw that causes handlers not to be called at all after a garbage collection happens. A very simple unit test will showcase this bug....Read full article

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  • What Did You Do? is a Bad Question

    - by Ajarn Mark Caldwell
    Brian Moran (blog | Twitter) did a great presentation today for the PASS Professional Development Virtual Chapter on The Art of Questions.  One of the points that Brian made was that there are good questions and bad (or at least not-as-good) questions.  Good questions tend to open-up the conversation and engender positive reactions (perhaps even trust and respect) between the participants; and bad questions tend to close-down a conversation either through the narrow list of possible responses (e.g. strictly Yes/No) or through the negative reactions they can produce.  And this explains why I so frequently had problems troubleshooting real-time problems with users in the past.  I’ll explain that in more detail below, but before we go on, let me recommend that you watch the recording of Brian’s presentation to learn why the question Why is often problematic in the U.S. and yet we so often resort to it. For a short portion (3 years) of my career, I taught basic computer skills and Office applications in an adult vocational school, and this gave me ample opportunity to do live troubleshooting of user challenges with computers.  And like many people who ended up in computer related jobs, I also have had numerous times where I was called upon by less computer-savvy individuals to help them with some challenge they were having, whether it was part of my job or not.  One of the things that I noticed, especially during my time as a teacher, was that when I was helping somebody, typically the first question I would ask them was, “What did you do?”  This seemed to me like a good way to start my detective work trying to figure out what happened, what went wrong, how to fix it, and how to help the person avoid it again in the future.  I always asked it in a polite tone of voice as I was just trying to gather the facts before diving in deeper.  However; 99.999% of the time, I always got the same answer, “Nothing!”  For a long time this frustrated me because (remember I’m in detective mode at that point) I knew it could not possibly be true.  They HAD to have done SOMETHING…just tell me what were the last actions you took before this problem presented itself.  But no, they always stuck with “Nothing”.  At which point, with frustration growing, and not a little bit of disdain for their lack of helpfulness, I would usually ask them to move aside while I took over their machine and got them out of whatever they had gotten themselves into.  After a while I just grew used to the fact that this was the answer I would usually receive, but I always kept asking because for the .001% of the people who would actually tell me, I could then help them understand what went wrong and how to avoid it in the future. Now, after hearing Brian’s talk, I understand what the problem was.  Even though I meant to just be in an information gathering mode, the words I was using, “What did YOU do?” have such a strong negative connotation that people would instinctively go into defense-mode and stop sharing information that might make them look bad.  Many of them probably were not even consciously aware that they had gone on the defensive, but the self-preservation instinct, especially self-preservation of the ego, is so strong that people would end up there without even realizing it. So, if “What did you do” is a bad question, what would have been better?  Well, one suggestion that Brian makes in his talk is something along the lines of, “Can you tell me what led up to this?” or “what was happening on the computer right before this came up?”  It’s subtle, but the point is to take the focus off of the person and their behavior; instead depersonalizing it and talk about events from more of a 3rd-party observer point of view.  With this approach, people will be more likely to talk about what the computer did and what they did in response to it without feeling the interrogation spotlight is on them.  They are also more likely to mention other events that occurred around the same time that may or may not be related, but which could certainly help you troubleshoot a larger problem if it is not just user actions.  And that is the ultimate goal of your asking the questions.  So yes, it does matter how you ask the question; and there are such things as good questions and bad questions.  Excellent topic Brian!  Thanks for getting the thinking gears churning! (Cross-posted to the Professional Development Virtual Chapter blog.)

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  • JavaOne pictures and Community Commentary on JCP Awards

    - by heathervc
    We posted some pictures from JCP related events at JavaOne 2012 on the JCP Facebook page today.  The 2012 JCP Program Award winners and some of the nominees responded to the community recognition of their achievements during some of the JCP events last week.     “Our job on the EC is to balance the need of innovation – so we don’t standardize too early, or too late. We try to find that sweet spot that makes innovation and standardization work together, and not against each other.”- Ben Evans, CEO of jClarity and Executive Committee (EC) representative of the London Java Community, 2012 JCP Member/Participant of the Year Winner“SouJava has been evangelizing the Java platform, promoting the Java ecosystem in Brazil, and contributing to JSRs for several years. It’s very gratifying to have our work recognized, on behalf of many developers and Java User Groups around the world. This really is the work of a large group of people, represented by the few that can be here tonight.”- Michael Santos, representative of SouJava, 2012 JCP Member/Participant of the Year Winner "In the last years Credit Suisse has contributed to the development of Java EE specifications through participation in many customer advisory boards, through statements of requirements for extensions to the core Java related products in use, and active participation in JSRs. Winning the JCP Outstanding Spec Lead Award 2012 is very encouraging for our engagement and also demonstrates the level of expertise and commitment to drive the evolution of Java. Victor Grazi is happy and honored to receive this award." - Susanne Cech Previtali, Executive Committee (EC) representative of Credit Suisse, accepting award for 2012 JCP Outstanding Spec Lead Winner "Managing a JSR is difficult. There are so many decisions to be made and so many good and varied opinions, you never really know if you have decided correctly. The key to success is transparency and collaboration. I am truly humbled by receiving this award, there are so many other active JSRs.” Victor added that going forward in the JCP EC, they would like to simplify and open the process of participation – being addressed in the JCP.Next initiative of the JCP EC. "We would also like to encourage the engagement of universities, professors and students – as an important part of the Java community. While innovation is the lifeblood of our community and industry, without strong standards and compatibility requirements, we all end up in a maze of technology where everything is slightly different and doesn’t quite work with everything else." Victo Grazi, Executive Committee (EC) representative of Credit Suisse, 2012 JCP Outstanding Spec Lead Winner“I am very pleased, of course, to accept this award, but the credit really should go to all of those who have participated in the work of the JCP, while pushing for changes in the way it operates.  JCP.Next represents three JSRs. The first two are done, but the final step, JSR 358, is the complicated one, and it will bring in the lawyers. Just to give you an idea of what we’re dealing with, it affects licensing, intellectual property, patents, implementations not based on the Reference Implementation (RI), the role of the RI, compatibility policy, possible changes to the Technical Compatibility Kit (TCK), transparency, where do individuals fit in, open source, and more.”- Patrick Curran, JCP Chair, Spec Lead on JCP.Next JSRs (JSR 348, JSR 355 and JSR 358), 2012 JCP Most Significant JSR Winner“I’m especially glad to see the JCP community recognize JCP.Next for its importance. The governance work it represents is KEY to moving the Java platform forward and the success of the technology.”- John Rizzo, Executive Committee (EC) representative of Aplix Corporation, JSR Expert Group Member “I am deeply honored to be nominated. I had the privilege to receive two awards on behalf of Expert Groups and Spec Leads two years ago. But this time, I am nominated personally, which values my own contribution to the JCP, and of course, participation in JSRs and the EC work. I’m a fan of Agile Principles and Values Working. Being an Agile Coach and Consultant, I use it for some of the biggest EC Member companies and projects. It fuels my ability to help the JCP become more agile, lean and transparent as part of the JCP.Next effort.” - Werner Keil, Individual Executive Committee (EC) Member, a 2012 JCP Member/Participant of the Year Nominee, JSR Expert Group Member“The JCP ever has been some kind of institution for me,” Markus said. “If in technical doubt, I go there, look for the specifications of the implementation I work with at the moment and verify what I had observed. Since the beginning of my Java journey more than 12 years back now, I always had a strong relationship with the JCP. Shaping the future of a technology by joining the JCP – giving feedback and contributing to the road ahead through individual JSRs – that brings you to a whole new level.”Calling himself, “the new kid on the block,” he explained that for years he was afraid to join the JCP and contribute. But in reality, “Every single one of the big names I meet from the different Expert Groups is a nice person. People you can actually work with,” he says. “And nobody blames you for things you don't know. As long as you are committed and bring what is worth the most: passion, experiences and the desire to make a difference.” - Markus Eisele, a 2012 JCP Member of the Year Nominee, JSR Expert Group MemberCongratulations again to all of the nominees and winners of the JCP Program Awards.  Next year, we will add another award for the group of JUG members (not an entire JUG) that makes the best contribution to the Adopt-a-JSR program.  Let us know if you have other suggestions or improvements.

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